EP3382131B1 - Gate and actuating module for a gate - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a door with a door leaf movable between a closed position and an open position, a rope-shaped, in particular wire rope-shaped and coupled to the door leaf force transmission means for transmitting an opening force to the door leaf, a movable storage device by which the force transmission means during a closing movement of the door leaf by a Release movement is released and recorded in the course of an opening movement by a recording movement and a hand-operated actuating device coupled to the storage device, with which the release movement and the recording movement of the storage device are conveyed in the course of a closing movement or opening movement of the door leaf.

In the case of gates of this type, as are also used in the context of the invention, the door leaf is regularly arranged approximately in a vertical plane in the closed position and is usually arranged in a horizontal plane in the open position overhead. The door leaf can be made in one piece. In the case of so-called sectional gates, however, it comprises a plurality of door leaf elements which run perpendicular to the direction of the door leaf movement Joint axes are hinged together. Such gates, as they can also be used in the context of the invention, are for example in the EP 370376 A1 disclosed.

In the course of the door leaf opening movement, the door leaf must be raised against the force of gravity and moved into the opening position which is usually arranged overhead. This movement is usually guided by guide rail arrangements. Furthermore, the movement is usually supported by a weight compensation device which is coupled to the door leaf via the force transmission means and exerts a force acting in the opening direction on the door leaf arranged in the closed position.

Such a weight compensation device can be designed, for example, as a torsion spring which rotates around a torsion spring shaft which is usually arranged above the opening to be closed with the door leaf and runs approximately perpendicular to the direction of movement of the door leaf. One end of the torsion spring is held stationary, while the other end is coupled to the rotatably mounted torsion spring shaft. A storage device in the form of a cable drum can be arranged coaxially to the torsion spring shaft, from which a cable, in particular wire rope, which is coupled to the door leaf, is unwound during the course of the closing movement of the door leaf by rotating the torsion spring shaft. The rotation of the torsion spring shaft in the course of the closing movement causes the torsion spring to be tensioned. The energy stored in the tensioned torsion spring is then available to support the opening movement of the door leaf. The force exerted by the torsion spring is transmitted to the door leaf in the form of a wire cable via the force transmission means, which is developed by the cable drum forming a storage device.

The rotation of the rope drum in the course of the closing movement, by means of which the wire rope is released from the rope drum, represents a release movement of the storage device designed as a rope drum. On the other hand, the rope coupled to the door leaf is, in the course of an opening movement, supported by the rotation of the torsion spring supported by the rotation Rope drum rewound on the rope drum in a direction opposite to the release movement. The corresponding movement of the rope drum is referred to as the recording movement.

In the case of manually operated gates, an actuating device can be provided with a chain wheel which is arranged coaxially to the cable drum and connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner. The chain wheel can be encircled by a hand chain that combs the chain wheel. By pulling the hand chain, a rotary movement is transferred to the chain wheel and thus also to the rope drum. This rotation causes a release movement of the storage device that releases the wire rope or a take-up movement of the cable drum leading to the winding of the wire rope as part of a closing or opening movement of the gate.

The GB 1013115 A discloses a manually operated gate with a sprocket encircling a hand chain. In the DE 26 49 629 A1 a drive with an accident prevention device for gates is specified.

When using corresponding gates, in particular hand-operated gates, a so-called cable break arrester is sometimes activated, in particular in the course of a closing movement, when the force exerted by the door leaf under the force of gravity on the force transmission means falls below a predetermined value. Then another door leaf movement is stopped, while under certain circumstances there is still a release movement of the storage device, with which further areas of the force transmission means are released. This causes the door to malfunction, which can only be remedied by service technicians.

In view of these problems in the prior art, the invention has for its object to ensure the reliable operation of generic gates without the use of service technicians.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1.

This invention is based on the following finding:
In the open position, the door leaf is usually arranged approximately overhead in a horizontal plane and is supported by suitable carrier systems, such as guide rails. The force pushing the door leaf into the closed position must overcome both the counteracting force of the weight compensation device, such as the torsion spring, and the inertia of the door leaf itself. This force is made available in part by the weight of the door leaf when the door leaf is at least partially urged towards the closed position in the guide arrangement guiding the door leaf under the force of gravity. In some cases, a spring buffer is provided, which, when the opening position is reached, is tensioned, for example, by the edge of the door leaf advancing during the opening movement, so that the force stored therein is available to support the opening movement. In any case, the force available at the beginning of the door leaf opening movement and acting in the opening direction is comparatively low.

If, in this state, the actuating device is actuated with great force and a rapid release of the force transmission means is effected, the available force pushing the door leaf into the closed position (gravity; spring buffer) may not be sufficient to accelerate the door leaf sufficiently quickly , so that it is accelerated towards the closed position in accordance with the release of the power transmission means. Then insufficient force is exerted on the power transmission means by the weight of the door leaf. If the force transmission means is realized in the form of a wire rope, after release from the storage device or unwinding from the rope drum, it runs slack between the storage device and the door leaf without pretensioning, which leads to the triggering of a cable break arresting device, which in turn stops the door leaf movement, while on the other hand further areas of the power transmission means are released from the storage device or further sections of the wire rope are unwound from the rope drum. This can also mean that the wire rope can no longer be wound onto the rope drum in a controlled manner, because it runs chaotically between the rope drum and the coupling point on the door leaf without pretensioning force.

Through the use of a limiting device according to the invention, the speed of the release of the force transmission means is limited by the storage device, because the coupling between the actuating device on the one hand and the storage device on the other hand is separated when large forces occur, such as can occur when the manual actuating device is suddenly tightened, and the actuating device is then independent of the storage unit is moved. As a result, an excessively rapid release of the force transmission means from the storage device can be prevented and a sufficient tension of the force transmission means between the coupling point on the door leaf and the storage device can be ensured.

In addition, the opening speed of the door leaf can also be limited by the limiting device. If, in the case of manually operated gates, the force transmission means or wire rope is to be wound onto the rope drum at an excessively high speed by pulling on the hand chain and corresponding rotation of the chain wheel, which leads to a correspondingly high opening speed, the actuating device is separated from the storage device with the aid of the limiting device. This can prevent the door leaf from running against an appropriate stop or spring buffer at an excessively high speed when the opening position is reached. Damage to the gate can also be avoided in this way.

As already mentioned above, the force transmission means of gates according to the invention is rope-shaped, in particular in the form of a wire rope, while the storage device has a rope drum which can be rotated with respect to a drum axis, from which the rope is released in the course of a closing movement and onto which the rope is wound in the course of an opening movement . The drum axis runs approximately perpendicular to the direction of movement of the door. The drum can also be designed in the shape of a truncated cone, so that at the start of a closing movement a shorter rope length per revolution of the Rope drum released from the rope drum as at the end of the closing movement. This takes into account the fact that less closing force is available at the beginning of the closing movement than at the end of the closing movement.

As already mentioned above, the actuating device is an actuating wheel that rotates and meshes with a hand chain, a hand belt, such as a toothed belt, or a hand cable, the cable drum and the actuating wheel being rotatable with respect to a common axis of rotation, and at least the cable drum with respect a shaft extending coaxially to the axis of rotation, such as a torsion spring shaft, is attached. The cable drum is non-rotatably connected to the shaft. This can be achieved through a positive connection.

In the force limitation desired according to the invention with the aid of a limiting device, the actuating wheel realized, for example, as a sprocket, belt pulley or rope pulley is expediently connected indirectly to the shaft via a friction clutch that separates when a predetermined torque is reached. For this purpose, the actuating wheel can be arranged, for example, on a shaft stub connected to the shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, the friction clutch transmitting a rotational movement of the chain wheel to the shaft stub before reaching a predetermined torque, which in turn is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the shaft connected to the cable drum. When the predetermined torque is exceeded, the friction clutch separates the rotary movement of the chain wheel from the stub shaft, so that the actuating wheel is then rotated independently of the stub shaft and thus also independently of the shaft. With motorized gates, according to DE 2702032 A1 Slip clutches are used to compensate for the differences between a drive shaft and a hoist winch. According to DE 2027491 A1 is prevented with a slip clutch that the door leaf with tensioned energy stores is pushed into the closed position during motor operation.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the friction clutch has at least one friction disk which is connected to the shaft in a rotationally fixed manner and which rests against a front face of the actuating wheel, which is preferably approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation, and a pretensioning device for generating a pretensioning force with the friction disk and the actuating wheel be pushed against each other. If an axial movement of the actuating wheel along the shaft axis is blocked, the pretensioning force creates a frictional connection between the friction disk and the actuating wheel, which, until the torque specified by the pretensioning force is reached, transmits the torque of the actuating wheel to the friction disk and thus to the shaft and Rope drum enables, while the frictional engagement is separated when the specified torque is exceeded.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the friction clutch has two friction disks, between which the actuating wheel is received, at least one of which is non-rotatably connected to the shaft or the shaft stub and at least one is axially connected to the shaft or the shaft stub, or forms an axial stop for an axial movement of the actuating wheel.

The pretensioning device of a friction clutch according to the invention can have a disc spring, which may be located indirectly via a clamping disk on the boundary surface of the friction disk facing away from the actuating wheel.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the pretensioning device can have an adjusting device for adjusting the force pushing the friction disk against the actuating wheel in order to be able to set the predetermined torque at which the friction clutch separates.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the adjusting device has a lock nut which can be placed on the boundary surface of the plate spring facing away from the friction disk. By rotating the locknut with respect to the shaft axis, an axial movement of the locknut and thus an adjustment of the pretension of the plate spring is brought about.

As already explained at the beginning, the shaft can have a torsion spring shaft encircling a torsion spring, the torsion spring being tensioned in the course of the closing movement of the door leaf. In this case, the actuating device and the limiting device can be arranged on a shaft stub which is detachably connected to the torsion spring shaft and which runs coaxially to it in the assembled state. In this embodiment of the invention, the actuating device and the limiting device can be detachably and interchangeably attached to the torsion spring shaft.

Fig. 1

einen eine Betätigungseinrichtung aufweisenden Bereich eines Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Tors,

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Betätigungsmoduls, und

Fig. 3

eine Ansicht des Betätigungsmoduls gemäß Fig. 2.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, to which reference is expressly made with regard to all details that are essential to the invention and are not detailed in the description. The drawing shows:

Fig. 1

a region having an actuating device of an exemplary embodiment of a gate according to the invention,

Fig. 2

a perspective view of an actuation module, and

Fig. 3

a view of the actuator module according Fig. 2 .

This in Fig. 1 The door shown has a weight compensation device with a torsion spring 12 which rotates around a torsion spring shaft. One end of the torsion spring 12 is coupled to the rotatably mounted torsion spring shaft 10, while the other end of the torsion spring is fixed in place. The torsion spring is tensioned or relaxed by rotating the torsion spring shaft 10, which extends approximately horizontally above the head. In addition to the torsion spring, a cable drum 20 serving as a storage device for a force transmission means in the form of a wire rope is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the torsion spring shaft, so that the wire rope is unwound from the rope drum during an opening movement, which leads to tension of the torsion spring 12, or during a closing movement of the door leaf , which is supported by the tensioned torsion spring 12, is wound on the cable drum.

An actuation module 100 is attached to the side of the cable drum 20 facing away from the torsion spring 12. As in Fig. 2 and 3rd shown, the actuation module 100 has a shaft stub 120 which can be coupled non-rotatably to the torsion spring shaft and which is non-rotatably connected to the torsion spring shaft via a coupling lug 122, which engages in a corresponding recess in the torsion spring shaft, and nuts on the torsion spring shaft which pass through holes 124 can be secured. The shaft stub 120 extends coaxially to the axis of the torsion spring shaft 10. An actuating wheel designed as a chain wheel 130 is placed on the shaft stub 120 and can be rotated with respect to the axis of the torsion spring shaft.

The rotational movement of the sprocket 130 is transmitted to the stub shaft 120 and thus also to the torsion spring shaft 10 via a limiting device designated overall by 140. The limiting device comprises a friction disk 142 designed as a brake disk, which rests on an end face 132 of the chain wheel 130 that runs perpendicular to the axis of the torsion spring shaft. The brake disc 142 is pressed by means of a plate spring 144 against the end face 132 of the sprocket 130, which with the help of a Fig. 3 recognizable further brake disc 143, which rests on the end face opposite the end face 132, in is locked in the axial direction. The preload force of the plate spring 144 is transmitted to the end face 132 of the chain wheel 130 via a clamping disk 146. The pretensioning force can be adjusted using a lock nut 148. For this purpose, the lock nut 148 can be screwed onto a thread running around the shaft axis of the shaft stub 120 (cf. Fig. 2 ) are screwed on and thus displaced in the axial direction. Due to the axial displacement of the locknut, the plate spring 144 is preloaded in order to set a torque at which the friction clutch produced by the brake disks 142, 143 between the chain wheel 130 on the one hand and the shaft stub 120 on the other hand is separated.

If an excessive torque is exerted on the sprocket 130 with the aid of a hand chain that rotates and meshes with the sprocket, the sprocket 130 is not transmitted via the friction clutch to the stub shaft 120 and thus to the torsion spring shaft and the torsion spring. This prevents the cable 22 from being unwound from the cable drum 20 at such a high speed that the edge of the door leaf that is leading during the closing movement can no longer follow the release movement and the cable then becomes slack.

The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment described with reference to the drawing. Rather, the actuation module can also be produced in one piece with the torsion spring shaft 10. It is also contemplated to arrange the cable drum on the side of the actuation module facing away from the torsion spring. Gates according to the invention can also be equipped with tension spring systems for weight compensation. It is also contemplated to use other transmission means instead of a wire rope. It is essential that an actuating device is provided with which the force or the torque is limited, by means of which the storage device for the force transmission means can be transmitted.

Claims (9)

1. A gate comprising:

   a gate leaf which is movable between a closed position and an open position,

   a rope-like, in particular a wire rope-like force transmission means which is connected to the gate leaf for transmitting an opening force to the gate leaf,

   a movable storage device (20) which releases the force transmission means during a closing movement of the gate leaf by means of a release movement and which collects said force transmission means during an opening movement by means of a collection movement, and

   a manually operated actuation device (130) connected to the storage device, by means of which actuation device the release movement or collection movement of the storage device (20) is triggered during the closing movement or opening movement of the gate leaf respectively,

   wherein the force transmission means is rope-like and the storage device comprises a rope drum (20) which can be rotated relative to a drum axis, by means of which rope drum the rope is released during a closing movement and onto which rope drum the rope is wound during an opening movement, and

   wherein the actuating device comprises an actuating wheel, such as a sprocket wheel (130), a belt pulley or a rope pulley,

   and further comprising a limiting device (140) for limiting the force which can be transferred from the actuating device (130) to the storage device and/or the moment of movement, in particular the moment of rotation, which can be transferred from the actuating device to the storage device (20),

   characterised in that the rope drum (20) and the actuating wheel (130) can be rotated relative to a common axis of rotation and the rope drum (20) at least is secured relative to a shaft (10) running coaxially to the axis of rotation and the actuating wheel (130) is connected to the shaft (10), optionally indirectly, by means of a friction clutch (142, 143) of the actuating device (130), said friction clutch disengaging when a specified moment of rotation is reached.
2. The gate according to claim 1, characterised in that the rope drum (20) is non-rotatably connected to the shaft (10), in particular through a positive-fit connection.
3. The gate according to claim 1, characterised in that the friction clutch (142, 143) comprises at least one friction disc (143), in particular a brake disc, which is non-rotatably connected to the shaft and rests on a front surface of the actuating wheel (130) running preferably approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation, as well as a biasing device (144) for creating a biasing force which pushes the friction disc (143) and the actuating wheel (130) towards each other.
4. The gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the friction clutch comprises two friction discs (142, 143) between which the actuating wheel (130) is accommodated, at least one of which is non-rotatably connected to the shaft (10) and forms a limit stop for an axial movement of the actuating wheel (130).
5. The gate according to claim 3 and, where applicable, claim 4, characterised in that the biasing device comprises a disc spring (144) resting, optionally indirectly, on the boundary surface of the friction disc (142) facing away from the actuating wheel (130).
6. The gate according to claim 5, characterised in that the biasing device comprises an adjustment device (148) for adjusting the force pushing the friction disc (142) against the actuating wheel (130).
7. The gate according to claim 6, characterised in that the adjustment device (148) comprises a groove nut (148) which can rest on the boundary surface of the disc spring (144) facing away from the friction disc (142).
8. The gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the shaft (10) comprises a torsional spring shaft surrounded by a torsional spring (12), wherein the torsional spring (12) is tensioned during a closing movement of the gate leaf and/or the actuating device (130) and the limiting device (140) are located on a shaft stub (120) detachably connected to the torsional spring shaft (10) and running coaxially relative to the torsional spring shaft when assembled.
9. The gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the actuating wheel (130) is surrounded by a hand chain, a hand belt, in particular a toothed belt or a hand rope.

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