EP3380589A1 - Copolymere umfassend -olefine und olefindicarbonsäureester, deren herstellung und verwendung als pour-point-depressants für rohöle, mineralöle oder mineralölprodukte - Google Patents
Copolymere umfassend -olefine und olefindicarbonsäureester, deren herstellung und verwendung als pour-point-depressants für rohöle, mineralöle oder mineralölprodukteInfo
- Publication number
- EP3380589A1 EP3380589A1 EP16797890.7A EP16797890A EP3380589A1 EP 3380589 A1 EP3380589 A1 EP 3380589A1 EP 16797890 A EP16797890 A EP 16797890A EP 3380589 A1 EP3380589 A1 EP 3380589A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mol
- carbon atoms
- monomers
- copolymers
- copolymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- -1 olefin dicarboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 109
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 105
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 88
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 63
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 62
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960000735 docosanol Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001204 arachidyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 21
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 14
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000002688 maleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 41
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 17
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 6
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCO BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HPEUJPJOZXNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl stearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC HPEUJPJOZXNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N caprylic alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UQDUPQYQJKYHQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl laurate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC UQDUPQYQJKYHQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCO ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical group C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-OPRDCNLKSA-N Isomenthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-OPRDCNLKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YUDRVAHLXDBKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [CH]1CCCCC1 Chemical compound [CH]1CCCCC1 YUDRVAHLXDBKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VWIXGTHYBZXAPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 15-methylhexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO VWIXGTHYBZXAPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CETWDUZRCINIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)O CETWDUZRCINIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004805 Cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-menthol Natural products CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HORIEOQXBKUKGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(7-methyloctyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCOC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(=O)OCCCCCCC(C)C HORIEOQXBKUKGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CKDOCTFBFTVPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N borneol Natural products C1CC2(C)C(C)CC1C2(C)C CKDOCTFBFTVPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(O)=O QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dl-isoborneol Natural products C1CC2(C)C(O)CC1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(C)O QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012454 non-polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XGFDHKJUZCCPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO XGFDHKJUZCCPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940078552 o-xylene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SJWFXCIHNDVPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)O SJWFXCIHNDVPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- REPVLJRCJUVQFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (-)-isopinocampheol Natural products C1C(O)C(C)C2C(C)(C)C1C2 REPVLJRCJUVQFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCO XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002666 1-octacosanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-methyldodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCO XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFGALGYVFGDXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-Dimethylmaleic anhydride Chemical compound CC1=C(C)C(=O)OC1=O MFGALGYVFGDXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpent-1-ene Chemical compound CC(=C)CC(C)(C)C FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACUZDYFTRHEKOS-SNVBAGLBSA-N 2-Decanol Natural products CCCCCCCC[C@@H](C)O ACUZDYFTRHEKOS-SNVBAGLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-LURJTMIESA-N 2-Hexanol Natural products CCCC[C@H](C)O QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylfuran-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)OC1=O AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-MRTMQBJTSA-N Isoborneol Natural products C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-MRTMQBJTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-LPEHRKFASA-N Isomenthol Natural products CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@H](C)C[C@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-LPEHRKFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940116229 borneol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCRFMSUKWRQZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCCC1 QCRFMSUKWRQZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XCIXKGXIYUWCLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanol Chemical compound OC1CCCC1 XCIXKGXIYUWCLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ACUZDYFTRHEKOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(C)O ACUZDYFTRHEKOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Substances O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002689 maleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940041616 menthol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FDNCPIRKQFHDBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl undec-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=CC(=O)OC FDNCPIRKQFHDBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl methyl ketone Natural products CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940094933 n-dodecane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930007461 neoisomenthol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- TYWMIZZBOVGFOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO TYWMIZZBOVGFOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095068 tetradecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
- C10L1/1966—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof poly-carboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/1641—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing aliphatic monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/14—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving low temperature properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/14—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving low temperature properties
- C10L10/16—Pour-point depressants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0407—Specifically defined hydrocarbon fractions as obtained from, e.g. a distillation column
- C10L2200/0453—Petroleum or natural waxes, e.g. paraffin waxes, asphaltenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/14—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving storage or transport of the fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
- C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
- C10L2270/026—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for diesel engines, e.g. automobiles, stationary, marine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
- C10L2270/10—Specifically adapted fuels for transport, e.g. in pipelines as a gas hydrate slurry
Definitions
- Copolymers comprising ⁇ -olefins and Olefindicarbonklareester, their preparation and
- the present invention relates to copolymers comprising Cu to Cso olefins and at least two different OlefindicarbonTexreestern and optionally maleic acid or
- the olefinic acid esters are on the one hand esters with linear Cie to Cso-alkyl groups and on the other hand esters with short-chain linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups or esters with aromatic groups.
- the invention further relates to a process for the preparation of such copolymers and their use as a pour point depressant for crude oil, mineral oil and / or mineral oil products, preferably as a pour point depressant for crude oil.
- the reservoir temperature of oil reservoirs is usually above room temperature, for example at 40 ° C to 100 ° C. From such deposits crude oil is still warm, and it naturally cools more or less quickly during or after conveying
- Crude oils have different proportions of long-chain n-paraffins depending on their origin.
- the proportion of such paraffins depending on the nature of the crude oil, may typically be from 1 to 30% by weight of the crude oil. They are often referred to as waxes.
- the paraffins when cooled, fall below a certain temperature, usually in the form of
- the precipitated paraffins significantly affect the fluidity of the oil.
- the platelet-shaped n-paraffin crystals can be a kind
- Map house structure which includes the crude oil, so that the crude oil falters, although the majority is still liquid. Failed paraffins can continue to clog filters, pumps, pipelines and other equipment or deposit in tanks, causing such a high level of cleaning.
- the lowest temperature at which a sample of oil just flows on cooling is called the pour point.
- the lowest temperature at which a sample of oil just flows on cooling is called the pour point.
- Crude oils can have pour points above room temperature. Such crude oils may solidify during or after conveying.
- suitable additives prevent the formation of said card house-like structures and thus lower the temperature at which the crude oil solidifies. Furthermore, additives can promote the formation of fine, well-crystallized, non-agglomerating paraffin crystals, so that a trouble-free oil transport is ensured. Such additives are referred to as pour-point depressants or flow improvers.
- Paraffin inhibitors or wax inhibitors are those substances which are said to prevent the deposition of paraffins or paraffin waxes on surfaces in contact with crude oils or other wax-containing oils and / or mineral oil products. It is known to use as flow improvers ethylene copolymers, in particular copolymers of ethylene and unsaturated esters. Examples of this are described in DE-A-21 02 469 or EP 84 148 A2.
- copolymers of olefins and esters of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids It is also known to use for this purpose copolymers of olefins and esters of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids.
- GB 1 468 588 discloses a middle oil distillate which is used to improve the
- No. 2,542,542 discloses copolymers of dedecene, tetradecene, hexadecene or octadecene and maleic anhydride as an additive to lubricating oils.
- EP 214 786 A1 discloses the use of copolymers of straight-chain olefins, for example 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene or 1-octadecene and
- the alcohols used for the esterification have at least 10 carbon atoms and they can be linear or branched.
- the document discloses that a mixture of linear and simple methyl branched alcohols can be used.
- EP 1 746 147 A1 discloses the use of copolymers of olefins and esters of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids for lowering the cloud point of fuel oils and lubricants.
- the copolymers include as monomers C3 to Cso olefins, preferably Ce- to C3o-olefins and C to C 4 o mono- or diesters of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, in particular of maleic acid.
- the C to C 4 o-hydrocarbon radicals of the ester groups are preferably linear or branched C to C 4 o-alkyl radicals.
- Copolymers which comprise both linear and branched alkyl radicals are not disclosed and the document contains no information on the molecular weight of the products obtained.
- the copolymers described are prepared by first reacting the olefins with maleic anhydride to give an olefin-MSA copolymer and, in a second step, in o-xylene (flash point about 30 ° C.) as solvent with alcohols. In this case, the ring of polymerized MSA units is opened. The o-xylene can be removed after completion of the reaction.
- the document further describes additive packages in which the said
- Copolymers optionally with other components, are formulated in suitable diluents.
- Diluents may be, for example, aliphatic or aromatic solvents or alkoxyalkanols.
- Transported job site for example, to an oil field or to an offshore platform.
- Such concentrates can be formulated by the users on site in the desired manner to ready-to-use formulations. For example, it is possible to dilute with solvent and / or add further additives.
- Particularly advantageous pour point depressants can be obtained by using C20 to C24 olefins and C16 to C28 alcohols to prepare said copolymers.
- Ready-to-use formulations may comprise, for example, about 20% by weight of said copolymers in high boiling organic solvents.
- High-boiling organic solvents are used because they also have a high flash point.
- solvents having a flash point of at least 60 ° C. are frequently used.
- Such formulations have the disadvantage that they can solidify when handled in a cold environment, for example in an Arctic environment, which is highly undesirable. The problem could be solved for example by the use of formulations with a lower concentration of polymers. As a result, but larger quantities
- modified olefin-MSA copolymers for use as pour point depressants for crude oils available in high boiling point organic solvents.
- the formulations should be at a concentration of about 20% by weight of copolymers, with a substantially constant effect as pour point depressant, a lower
- Polymer architecture can be achieved.
- copolymers (X) have been found comprising as monomers at least
- R 1 is at least one linear, cyclic or branched, aliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 14 to 50 carbon atoms, as well as
- R 2 is a linear alkyl radical having 16 to 36 carbon atoms
- R 3 is a radical selected from the group of
- R 3a linear 1-alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 3b branched and / or secondary alkyl radicals having 4 to 36
- R 3c unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted, cyclic alkyl groups having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, or
- R 4 is in each case a radical selected from the group of H, R 2 and R 3 , with the proviso that in each case at least 50 mol% of the radicals R 4 are H,
- R 5 and R 6 are each H or methyl
- the proportion of the radicals R 3 with respect to the sum of the radicals R 2 and R 3 is 1 mol% to 49 mol%
- the proportion of monomers (B1) + (B2) with respect to the sum of all monomers (B) is at least 50 mol%
- the weight-average molecular weight M w of the copolymers (X) is 2000 g / mol to 25000 g / mol.
- a composition of the copolymer described (X) and organic solvents (Y), in particular hydrocarbons having a flash point> 60 ° C was found.
- Copolymers (X) which comprises at least the following process steps:
- R 1 is at least one linear, cyclic or branched, aliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 14 to 50 carbon atoms
- step II polymer-analogous esterification of the provided in step I polymeric educt at
- R 2 is a linear alkyl radical having 18 to 36 carbon atoms
- R 3a is linear 1 alkyl radicals having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 3b is branched and / or secondary alkyl groups having 4 to 36 carbon atoms
- R 3c OH where R 3c is unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted, cyclic
- R 3d is an unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted
- aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having 6 to 36 carbon atoms
- the amount of alcohols R 2 OH and R 3 OH used together amounts to 0.5 to 1.5 mol / mol (B3b).
- copolymers (X) were found, obtainable by means of the method described.
- copolymers (X) has been found to be a pour point depressant for crude oil, mineral oil and / or mineral oil products, in particular as a pour point depressant for crude oils and to prevent wax deposits on surfaces.
- novel copolymers (X) are synthesized from ethylenically unsaturated monomers. They comprise as monomers at least one ⁇ -olefin (A) and at least two different Olefindicarbonklareester (B1) and (B2). In addition, optional can still
- Maleic acid, maleic anhydride, or the corresponding methyl-substituted derivatives and / or further ethylenically unsaturated monomers, in particular monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, may be copolymerized into the copolymer (X).
- R 1 is a linear, cyclic or branched, aliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 14 to 50, in particular 16 to 30
- Carbon atoms preferably 18 to 30 carbon atoms and particularly preferably 18 to 28 carbon atoms.
- linear or branched alkyl radicals are preferably linear or branched alkyl radicals, particularly preferably linear alkyl radicals having 14 to 50 carbon atoms, in particular linear alkyl radicals having 16 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 18 to 30 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 18 to 28 carbon atoms and for example 18 to 24 carbon atoms.
- a single ⁇ -olefin may or may be used
- mixtures may be used which comprise at least two, preferably at least three, ⁇ -olefins having alkyl radicals R 1 , preferably linear alkyl radicals R 1 having 16 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 18 to 24 carbon atoms.
- the mixtures may in particular be technical mixtures of linear aliphatic ⁇ -olefins.
- Such technical mixtures contain as
- ⁇ -olefins having an even number of carbon atoms.
- the monomers (B) are monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids or derivatives. According to the invention, the monomers (B) are at least two different monomers (B1) and (B2). In addition, optionally monomers (B3) may be present. In addition to (B1), (B2) and, if appropriate, (B3), no further monomers (B) are present.
- the monomers (B1) and (B2) are according to the invention.
- R 5 and R 6 are each H or methyl, preferably, in R 5 and R 6 each are H.
- R 2 is a linear n-alkyl radical having 16 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably 16 to 32 carbon atoms, in particular 16 to 26 carbon atoms.
- radicals examples include n-hexadecyl, n-heptadecyl, n-octadecyl, n-nonadecyl, n-eicosyl, n-heneicosyl, n-docosyl, n-tetracosyl, n-hexacosyl, n- Octacosyl or n-tricontyl radicals.
- R 2 is at least one linear n-alkyl radical having 16 to 22 carbon atoms.
- R 2 is at least one linear n-alkyl radical having 22 to 26 carbon atoms.
- R 3 is at least one radical selected from the group of R 3a R 3b R 3c and R 3d , preferably selected from R 3b and R 3c .
- R 3a are linear 1-alkyl radicals having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 10 and particularly preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- linear 1-alkyl radicals R 3a examples include ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl and n-decyl radicals; preference is given to n- Propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl and n-decyl, particularly preferred are ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl and n-hexyl radicals and very particularly preferred are n-butyl radicals.
- R 3b are branched and / or secondary alkyl radicals having 4 to 36
- Carbon atoms preferably 4 to 30, particularly preferably 4 to 17 carbon atoms.
- Branched alkyl radicals can be mono- or polysubstituted.
- branched alkyl radicals R 3b include i-butyl, t-butyl, 2,2'-dimethylpropyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 2-propylheptyl, i-nonanol, i-decyl, i-tridecyl, i Heptadecylreste, preferred are t-butyl, 2-ethylhexyl and 2-propyl heptyl radicals.
- secondary alkyl radicals examples include 2-butyl, 2-propyl, 2-hexyl, 2-heptyl or 2-dodecyl radicals.
- R 3c are unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted, cyclic alkyl radicals having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms. In particular, they are unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted cyclic alkyl radicals containing 5, 6 or 7 rings. It may also be bicyclic radicals. Examples of R 3c radicals include cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, bornyl or myrthanyl radicals. Preferably, R 3c may be a cyclohexyl radical.
- R 3d is unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted aromatic
- Hydrocarbon radicals having 6 to 36 carbon atoms examples include phenyl, benzyl or toluyl radicals.
- R 4 in the formulas (B1) and (B2) are each a radical selected from the group of H, R 2 and R 3 , where R 2 and R 3 have the meaning defined above, with the proviso that that in each case 50 mol%, preferably at least 75 mol% and particularly preferably at least 95 mol% of the radicals R 4 is H. In one embodiment of the invention, all radicals R 4 are H.
- R 4 in (B1) or (B2) is H, then (B1) and (B2) are monoesters. If R 4 in (B1) or (B2) is R 2 or R 3 , it is diester.
- the monomers (B1) and (B2) comprise COOH groups.
- the COOH groups may be dissociated, and they may also be present in salt form as - COO- m X m + , where X m + is an m-valent cation.
- X m + may be alkali metal ions such as Na + , K + or ammonium ions.
- the proportion of the monomers (B1) + (B2) with respect to the sum of all monomers (B) is at least 50 mol%, preferably at least 80 mol%, more preferably at least 95 mol% and most preferably
- the proportion of the radicals R 3 with respect to the sum of the radicals R 2 and R 3 is 1 mol% to 49 mol%, in particular 5 mol% to 45 mol%, preferably 20 mol% to 45 mol% and for example 30 mol% to 40 mol%.
- It may be only one monomer (B1), or it may be several different monomers (B1) with different radicals R 2 .
- it is at least two, preferably at least three different monomers (B1) with different radicals R 2 , wherein R 2 in this
- Embodiment 16 to 30 carbon atoms for example 16 to 22 carbon atoms or for example 20 to 28 carbon atoms, in particular 22 to 26 carbon atoms.
- these are at least three different monomers (B1), specifically at least one monomer (B1) in which R 2 is an n-docosyl radical, a monomer (B1) in which R 2 is an n Tetracosyl radical and a monomer (B1) in which R 2 is an n-hexacosyl radical.
- radicals R 3 are radicals R 3a .
- radicals R 3 are radicals R 3b and / or radicals R 3c .
- radicals R 3 are radicals R 3b .
- radicals R 3 are radicals R 3c .
- radicals R 3 are radicals R 3d .
- monomers (C) may optionally be present.
- ⁇ -olefins (A) different ⁇ -olefins such as
- Methylundecenoat There may also be vinyl ethers, vinyl esters, N-vinyl comonomers such as
- Vinylpyrrolidone, vinylcaprolactame, isobutene, diisobutene or polyisobutene are used.
- the proportion of the monomers (A) with respect to the amount of all monomers is 40 mol% to 60 mol%, preferably 45 mol% to 55 mol% and for example 48 to 52 mol%.
- the proportion of the monomers (B) with respect to the amount of all monomers is 40 mol% to 60 mol%, preferably 45 mol% to 55 mol%, and for example 48 to 52 mol%.
- the amount of additional monomers (C) is not more than 20 mol%, preferably not more than 10 mol%, more preferably not more than 5 mol%, and most preferably no further monomers (C) are present ,
- the weight-average molecular weight M w of the copolymers (X) is, according to the invention, 2000 g / mol to 25000 g / mol, preferably 4000 g / mol to 20 000 g / mol and, for example, 10 000 to 20 000 g / mol.
- this embodiment is copolymers (X) which contain at most small amounts of maleic anhydride and / or maleic acid or the
- Olefindicarbon Anlagenreesterüen especially monoester acts.
- the copolymer comprises at least two different monomers (B1), wherein R 2
- R 3 is a radical selected from the group of
- R 3b branched and / or secondary alkyl radicals, preferably branched alkyl radicals having 4 to 36, preferably 4 to 30, particularly preferably 4 to 17
- R 3c unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted, cyclic alkyl radicals having 5 to 18, preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms, in particular a cyclohexyl radical.
- composition comprising olefin-Olefindicarbonklareester copolymers (X) and
- the invention relates to a composition for use as a pour point depressant at least comprising
- copolymers (X) according to the invention and preferred embodiments of the copolymers (X) have already been described above, so that reference is made at this point only to the above description.
- the organic solvents (Y) may in principle be any organic solvents, provided that the copolymers (X) are soluble therein. Preference is given to using solvents which have a flash point> 60 ° C.
- Organic solvents (Y) may be hydrocarbons.
- hydrocarbons include aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and / or aromatic
- Organic solvents comprising functional groups, for example alcohols or esters.
- the organic solvents are nonpolar solvents (Y1) comprising saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, preferably those having a flash point> 60 ° C.
- solvents (Y1) include saturated aliphatic alcohols or esters of saturated aliphatic ones Carboxylic acids and saturated aliphatic alcohols, with the proviso that the solvents preferably each have a flash point> 60 ° C.
- esters include esters of saturated fatty acids having at least 8 carbon atoms with saturated aliphatic alcohols, such as methyl laurate or stearic acid methyl ester.
- Cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids are used, such as dialkyl esters of cyclohexane-1, 2-dicarboxylic acid such as cyclohexane-1, 2-dicarboxylic acid diisononylester.
- the organic solvents (Y) are saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons (Y1) or mixtures thereof. They may be both paraffinic and naphthenic, ie saturated cyclic hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons (Y1) are preferably high-boiling ones
- aliphatic hydrocarbons having a boiling point of at least 175 ° C and preferably a flash point> 60 ° C.
- Suitable hydrocarbons with a flash point> 60 ° C include, for example, n-undecane (flash point 60 ° C, boiling point 196 ° C) or n-dodecane (flash point 71 ° C, boiling point 216 ° C).
- technical mixtures of hydrocarbons can be used, for example mixtures of paraffinic
- Hydrocarbons mixtures of paraffinic and naphthenic hydrocarbons or mixtures of isoparaffins. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that technical mixtures may still contain small residues of aromatic or unsaturated hydrocarbons.
- Technical mixtures of saturated aliphatic solvents are commercially available, for example technical mixtures of Shellsol ® D series or Exxsol ® D series.
- Hydrocarbons (Y) to aromatic hydrocarbons (Y3) or mixtures thereof are preferably high-boiling aromatic hydrocarbons having a boiling point of at least 175.degree. C. and preferably one
- Suitable aromatic hydrocarbons having a flash point> 60 ° C include, for example, naphthalene.
- technical mixtures of aromatic hydrocarbons can be used.
- Technical mixtures of aromatic solvents are commercially available, for example technical mixtures of Shellsol ® A series or the Solvesso ® series.
- the organic solvents (Y) are aromatic
- the concentration of the copolymers (X) in the composition according to the invention is chosen by the person skilled in the art according to the desired properties of the composition.
- the concentration of the copolymers (X) may be 15 to 75 wt .-%, preferably 15 to 45 wt .-%, particularly preferably 15 wt .-% to 30 wt .-%, for example 17 to 25 wt .-% or 18 to 22 wt .-%, each based on the sum of all components of the composition.
- the composition comprises at least one copolymer (X) and at least one aromatic hydrocarbon (Y3) having a boiling point of at least 175 ° C and a flash point> 60 ° C, wherein the Concentration, the concentration of the copolymers (X) is 15 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 17 wt .-% to 25 wt .-% and for example 18 to 22 wt .-% with respect to the sum of all components of the composition.
- the composition comprises at least one copolymer (X) and at least one aromatic hydrocarbon (Y3) having a boiling point of at least 175 ° C.
- the concentration is the concentration of the copolymers (X) 15 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 17 wt .-% to 25 wt .-% and for example 18 to 22 wt .-% with respect to the sum of all components of the composition, and wherein it is a copolymer (X) of the described Art acts in which
- the copolymer comprises at least two different monomers (B1), wherein R 2
- ⁇ R 3 is a radical selected from the group of
- R 3b branched and / or secondary alkyl radicals, preferably branched alkyl radicals having 4 to 36, preferably 4 to 30, particularly preferably 4 to 17
- R 3c unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted, cyclic alkyl radicals having 5 to 18, preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms, in particular a cyclohexyl radical.
- the novel copolymers (X) can be prepared by free-radically polymerizing the said monomers (A), (B) and optionally (C) in the desired ratio. Radical polymerization techniques are known to those skilled in the art. In this technique, therefore, previously prepared monomers (B1) and (B2) are used for the polymerization.
- the preparation is carried out by means of an at least two-stage process, wherein in a first process step I, a polymeric starting material, from olefins and maleic anhydride or the corresponding
- a polymeric starting material is provided. This is a copolymer of the olefins (A), a monomer (B3b) and optionally further
- Monomers (C) Preference is given to using maleic anhydride as monomer (B3b).
- the proportion of the monomers (A) with respect to the amount of all the monomers is 40 mol% to 60 mol%, preferably 45 mol% to 55 mol%, and for example 48 to 52 mol%.
- the proportion of the monomers (B3b) with respect to the amount of all the monomers is 40 mol% to 60 mol%, preferably 45 mol% to 55 mol%, and for example 48 to 52 mol%.
- the proportion of optional monomers (C), if present at all, is not more than 20 mol%, preferably not more than 10 mol%, more preferably not more than 5 mol%, and very particularly preferably no further monomers (C ) available.
- Monomers (B3b) is usually 1000 g / mol to 15000 g / mol.
- Olefin-maleic anhydride copolymers having such number average molecular weights M n are known in the art in principle and are commercially available.
- the preparation can be carried out in a manner known in principle by radical polymerization of the ⁇ -olefins (A) and the maleic anhydride or the methyl-substituted derivatives (B3b) in the desired amounts.
- A ⁇ -olefins
- B3b methyl-substituted derivatives
- Substance can be polymerized as well as using solvents.
- Suitable solvents are aprotic solvents such as xylene, aliphatics, alkanes, benzene or ketones.
- aprotic solvents such as xylene, aliphatics, alkanes, benzene or ketones.
- Hydrocarbon preferably hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures which have a flash point> 60 ° C.
- the hydrocarbons may be, for example, saturated aliphatic
- Hydrocarbons having a boiling point of at least 175 ° C and preferably one
- hydrocarbons (Y2) reference is made to the above description of the hydrocarbons (Y2).
- the hydrocarbons may also be aromatic hydrocarbons (Y3) or mixtures thereof.
- Hydrocarbons (Y 3) are preferably high-boiling aromatic hydrocarbons having a boiling point of at least 175 ° C. and preferably a flash point> 60 ° C.
- Hydrocarbons (Y3) is referred to the above description of the hydrocarbons (Y3).
- the radical polymerization can be carried out using conventional, thermally decomposing initiators at 80 ° C to 200 ° C, preferably at 100 ° C to 180 ° C and especially at 130 ° C to 170 ° C.
- the amount of initiator is usually from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the amount of the monomers, preferably from 0.2 to 5% by weight and more preferably from 0.5 to 2% by weight.
- the polymerization time is usually 1 to 12 hours.
- Molecular weight M n can adjust.
- the molecular weight can in principle known manner by the choice of polymerization temperature (the lower, the higher M n ) or by the choice of the reaction medium (aromatic solvents regulate more, ie lower M n , aliphatic regulate less, ie higher M n , without Solvent even higher M n ) are controlled.
- the resulting polymeric starting materials are obtained without solvent or as a solution.
- the copolymer (X) can of course be isolated from the solvent by methods known to those skilled in the art and used as such for process step II.
- the person skilled in the art selects a suitable concentration of the monomers in the solvent for the polymerization. For example, a concentration of the monomers in the solvent of from 20 wt.% To 80 wt.%, For example, 30 wt.% To 60 wt.% Can be selected.
- Methylmaleic anhydride and / or dimethylmaleic anhydride are in a second step with at least one alcohol R 2 OH and at least one alcohol R 3 OH
- the alcohols R 2 OH are linear aliphatic alcohols and R 2 is a linear 1-alkyl radical having 16 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably 16 to 32 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 16 to 26 carbon atoms.
- alcohols R 2 OH examples include n-hexadecyl alcohol, n-octadecyl alcohol, n-nonadecyl alcohol, n-eicosyl alcohol, n-heneicosyl alcohol, n-docosyl alcohol, n-
- Tetracosyl alcohol n-hexacosyl alcohol, n-octacosyl alcohol or n-tricontyl alcohol.
- Particularly preferred are alcohols selected from the group of n-docosyl alcohol, n-tetracosyl alcohol and n-hexacosyl alcohol.
- a mixture of at least three alcohols R 2 OH which comprises at least 1-docosyl alcohol, 1-tetracosyl alcohol and 1-hexacosyl alcohol.
- the amount of said three alcohols is preferably at least 70% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight, with respect to the amount of all the alcohols R 2 OH used.
- the alcohols R 3 OH are at least one alcohol selected from the group of
- R 3a OH is linear alkyl radicals having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 3b OH ⁇ alcohols R 3b OH, where R 3b is branched and / or secondary alkyl radicals having 4 to 36 carbon atoms,
- Hydrocarbon radicals having 6 to 36 carbon atoms.
- alcohols R 3a OH include ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol, n-hexanol, n-heptanol, n-octanol, n-nonanol and n-decanol, preferred are n-propanol, n-butanol , n-pentanol, n-hexanol, n-heptanol, n-octanol, n-nonanol and n-decanol, particularly preferably ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol, n-hexanol and very particularly preferably n butanol.
- Examples of branched and / or secondary alcohols R 3b OH include i-butanol, t-butanol, 2,2'-dimethylpropanol-1,2-ethylhexanol-1,2-propylheptanol-1, i-nonanol, i-decanol, i Tridecanol or i-heptadecanol, 2-butanol, 2-heptanol, 2-hexanol, 2-octanol or 2-decanol, preferred are t-butanol, 2-ethylhexanol-1 and 2-propylheptanol-1 and i-heptadecanol.
- alcohols R 3c OH examples include cyclopentanol, cyclohexanol, cycloheptanol, borneol, isoborneol, menthol, neomemthol, isomenthol, neoisomenthol, or myrtanoi.
- alcohols R 3d examples include phenol, toluene or benzyl alcohol.
- the alcohols R 3 OH are alcohols R 3b OH and / or alcohols R 3c OH.
- the alcohols R 3 OH are alcohols R 3b OH.
- the alcohols R 3 OH are alcohols R 3c OH.
- the alcohols R 3 OH are alcohols R 3d OH.
- R 2 OH and R 3 Used in the esterification of alcohols R 2 OH and R 3 OH 1 mol% to 49 mol%, preferably 5 mol% to 45 mol%, 20 mol% to 45 mol% and for example 30 mol% to 40 mol% %.
- the amount of the alcohols used R 2 OH and R 3 OH together is 0.5 to 1, 5 mol / mol of anhydride units in the copolymer (X), preferably 0.8 to 1, 2 mol / mol, particularly preferably 0, 9 to 1.1 mol / mol, very particularly preferably 0.95 to 1.05 mol / mol.
- the polymeranloge esterification is usually carried out at a temperature of 130 ° C to 180 ° C, preferably 140 ° C to 160 ° C.
- the esterification can be carried out in bulk or in the presence of inert solvents.
- the reaction mixture should remain liquid and homogeneous at the reaction temperature to ensure homogeneous reaction.
- the reaction can be carried out without pressure or under pressure.
- the alcohols can be completely charged or added sequentially.
- the esterification can, for example, in the presence of esterification catalysts such as
- para-toluenesulfonic acid methanesulfonic acid or sulfuric acid.
- a suitable procedure is disclosed, for example, in WO 2014/095408 A1.
- the amount may be 0.05 to 0.5 mol% based on the alcohols.
- process step I is carried out in solvents, it is advantageously possible to use a solution of the polymeric starting materials obtained in process step II for process step II. Otherwise, the polymeric starting materials for process step II are dissolved in suitable inert solvents.
- esterification in hydrocarbons preferably in
- the hydrocarbons may be, for example, saturated aliphatic
- Hydrocarbons having a boiling point of at least 175 ° C and preferably one
- the hydrocarbons may also be aromatic hydrocarbons (Y3) or mixtures thereof.
- Hydrocarbons (Y 3) are preferably high-boiling aromatic hydrocarbons having a boiling point of at least 175 ° C. and preferably a flash point> 60 ° C.
- Hydrocarbons (Y3) is referred to the above description of the hydrocarbons (Y3).
- process step II is carried out in solution and the amount of hydrocarbons used is such that a composition of at least one copolymer (X) and at least one
- Hydrocarbon is formed in a concentration of 15 to 85 wt .-%. It can be prepared equal to a ready-to-use composition in the concentrations as described above or it can be a concentrate, for example, produced at a concentration of 50 to 70 wt .-%, which then on site even further ready for use
- the invention further relates to copolymers (X) which are obtainable by the process just described. Regarding the process parameters will be on the just
- the invention relates to copolymers (X) comprising as monomers at least
- R 1 is at least one linear, cyclic or branched, aliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 14 to 50 carbon atoms, as well as
- R 2 is a linear alkyl radical having 16 to 36 carbon atoms
- R 3 is a radical selected from the group of
- R 3a linear 1-alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 3b branched and / or secondary alkyl radicals having 4 to 36
- R 3c unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted, cyclic alkyl radicals having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, or
- R 4 is in each case a radical selected from the group of H, R 2 and R 3 , with the proviso that in each case at least 50 mol% of the radicals R 4 are H,
- R 5 and R 6 are each H or methyl
- the proportion of the radicals R 3 with respect to the sum of the radicals R 2 and R 3 is 1 mol% to 49 mol%
- the proportion of monomers (B1) + (B2) with respect to the sum of all monomers (B) is at least 50 mol%
- the weight-average molecular weight M w of the copolymers (X) is 2000 g / mol to
- copolymers (X) are obtainable by the process just described.
- copolymers (X) according to the invention can be used as pour-point depressants for crude oil, mineral oil and / or mineral oil products by adding at least one of the described copolymers (X) to the crude oil, the mineral oil and / or the mineral oil products.
- inventive copolymers (X) can be used as pour-point depressants for crude oil, mineral oil and / or mineral oil products by adding at least one of the described copolymers (X) to the crude oil, the mineral oil and / or the mineral oil products.
- the inventive copolymers (X) according to the invention can be used as pour-point depressants for crude oil, mineral oil and / or mineral oil products by adding at least one of the described copolymers (X) to the crude oil, the mineral oil and / or the mineral oil products.
- Pour point depressants reduce the pour point of crude oils, mineral oils and / or
- a pour point is the lowest temperature at which a sample of oil just flows on cooling, and standardized measurement methods are used to measure the pour point.
- the copolymers (X) can be used as such.
- the copolymers (X) according to the invention are preferably used in the form of a solution.
- formulations of the copolymers (X) can be used, which may contain other components in addition to solvents.
- Copolymers of the invention (X) should be homogeneously dispersed in the solvents used, preferably dissolved therein.
- the solvents used preferably dissolved therein.
- all solvents which meet these requirements are suitable.
- mixtures of different solvents can be used.
- it is at least one organic solvent (Y), preferably an organic solvent having a flash point> 60 ° C.
- the organic solvents are nonpolar solvents (Y1) comprising saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, preferably those having a flash point> 60 ° C.
- solvents (Y1) include saturated aliphatic alcohols or esters of saturated aliphatic carboxylic acids and saturated aliphatic alcohols, with the proviso that the solvents preferably each have a flash point> 60 ° C.
- esters include esters of saturated fatty acids having at least 8 carbon atoms with saturated aliphatic alcohols, such as methyl laurate or stearic acid methyl ester.
- Cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids are used, such as dialkyl esters of cyclohexane-1, 2-dicarboxylic acid such as cyclohexane-1, 2-dicarboxylic acid diisononylester.
- the organic solvents are saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons (Y 2) or mixtures thereof. They may be both paraffinic and naphthenic, ie saturated cyclic hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons (Y 2) are preferably high-boiling aliphatic hydrocarbons
- Hydrocarbons having a boiling point of at least 175 ° C and preferably one
- Hydrocarbons (Y3) are preferably high-boiling aromatic hydrocarbons having a boiling point of at least 175 ° C. and preferably a flash point> 60 ° C. in the
- compositions of copolymers (X) and organic solvents (Y), preferably hydrocarbons may be used.
- such compositions can be obtained by using hydrocarbons, in particular hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures having a flash point> 60.degree. C., likewise already described above for the preparation of the copolymers (X).
- Ready-to-use formulations of the copolymers (X) may of course comprise further components.
- additional wax dispersants to the formulation.
- Wax dispersants stabilize formed paraffin crystals and prevent them from sedimenting.
- wax dispersants for example, alkylphenols, alkylphenol-formaldehyde resins or organic sulfonic acids such as
- dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid can be used.
- the concentration of the copolymers (X) in ready-to-use formulations can be from 0.5 to 45% by weight, preferably from 15 to 45% by weight, particularly preferably from 15% by weight to 30% by weight,
- Copolymers (X) naturally takes place in solvents in a chemical plant, there are several options with regard to the ready-to-use formulation.
- the preparation of the ready-to-use formulation can be made as close as possible to the point at which the formulation is to be injected.
- the amount of copolymers (X) according to the invention added to the crude oil, mineral oil and / or mineral oil products, preferably the crude oil, is selected by the person skilled in the art in such a way that the desired reduction of the pour point is achieved, in which case it will be apparent to one skilled in the art
- the copolymers (X) in an amount of from 50 to 1500 ppm with respect to the crude oil, mineral oil and / or mineral oil products.
- the amount is 100 to 1000 ppm, more preferably 250 to 600 ppm and for example 300 to 600 ppm.
- the amounts indicated relate to the copolymer (X) itself.
- the oil is crude oil.
- the addition may be made at a temperature not lower than 10 ° C above the pour point.
- copolymers (X) are injected into a crude oil pipeline.
- the injection can be made on the oil field, ie at the beginning of the crude oil pipeline, but of course the injection can also take place at another location.
- it may be a pipeline that leads from an offshore platform to the mainland.
- the copolymers (X) can prevent pipelines from clogging if the crude cools during transportation in the pipeline. This danger is naturally particularly pronounced when it is a pipeline in cold
- the copolymers (X) or their solutions or formulations are injected into a production well.
- a production well may be an offshore production well.
- the injection can be made approximately at the point where oil from the formation flows into the production well. In this way you can the solidification of the crude oil in the production well and downstream transport pipelines too much increase in its viscosity and the
- the injection may be umbilical.
- a flexible rod comprising at least one pipe and optionally electrical lines or control lines in a protective sheath is introduced axially into a borehole or a pipeline.
- the formulation of the copolymers (X) can be injected exactly at the desired location.
- copolymers (X) according to the invention can also be used for other purposes.
- the above-described copolymers (X) or their solutions or formulations are used to prevent wax deposits on surfaces which are in contact with crude oil, mineral oil and / or mineral oil products. They are preferably surfaces which are in contact with crude oil.
- the use takes place by adding at least one of the copolymers (X) or their solutions or formulations to the crude oil, mineral oil and / or the mineral oil products.
- Preferred solutions and formulations have already been mentioned and also the nature of the use is analogous to the use as a pour point depressant.
- copolymers (X) which can be processed into formulations, in particular about 20% formulations having lower solidification points than the corresponding formulations of unmodified copolymers, ie exclusively copolymers comprising linear alkyl groups. This will make dealing with such
- Alcohol mixture I Commercially available mixture of linear alcohols,
- the solids content was determined by drying the products at 120 ° C, 2 h in
- the mass-average molecular weights and polydispersities are measured with a GPC system at 35 ° C.
- the system includes two columns as well as refractive index detector and UV detector.
- the eluant used is THF with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid.
- the pour point determination was performed according to ASTM D 5853 "Test Method for Pour Point of Crude Oils."
- the pour point is the minimum temperature at which a sample of oil tested is barely flowable According to ASTM D 5853
- a sample of the oil was cooled in 3 ° C increments and the flowability was tested after each step used a pour point of 27 ° C.
- the polymers to be tested were used for the oil in a concentration of 300 ppm of polymer based on the crude oil. PP 20% pure
- Inventive polymer itself measured.
- the resulting solutions were diluted using Solvesso ® 150 to a concentration of 20 wt .-%.
- the pour point is the minimum temperature at which the 20% solution is just flowable.
- the 20% pour point was determined according to ASTM D5985-02 (approved Jan. 1, 2014).
- Solvesso ® 150 to a concentration of 20 wt .-%.
- the no-flow point is the temperature at which the 20% solution is just no longer flowable.
- the 20% pour point was determined according to ASTM D 7346-15 (approved July 1, 2015).
- Alcohol mixture II (C22 / 26 alcohols) are melted at an outside temperature of 85 ° C. Heat to 150 ° C outside temperature and stir for 6 hours.
- the pour point of the oil without adding a pour point depressant is 27 ° C.
- Examples 3, 4 and V2 show the effect of partially replacing the linear alcohol with cyclohexanol (30, 40 and 50 mol%).
- the temperature at which the 20% solution solidifies becomes lower and lower.
- the solidification temperature of the 20% solution is -5 ° C / -5.8 ° C for the product with 50 mol% cyclohexanol (Comparative Experiment 2)
- the effect as a pour point depressant for crude oil decreases markedly (only one more) Reduction from 27 ° C to 18 ° C, instead of 27 ° C to 9 to 12 ° C as in the unmodified product).
- the amount of cyclohexanol should be
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP15196769 | 2015-11-27 | ||
PCT/EP2016/077935 WO2017089212A1 (de) | 2015-11-27 | 2016-11-17 | COPOLYMERE UMFASSEND α-OLEFINE UND OLEFINDICARBONSÄUREESTER, DEREN HERSTELLUNG UND VERWENDUNG ALS POUR-POINT-DEPRESSANTS FÜR ROHÖLE, MINERALÖLE ODER MINERALÖLPRODUKTE |
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EP (1) | EP3380589B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN108291163B (de) |
CA (1) | CA3003953C (de) |
EA (1) | EA035184B1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2769078T3 (de) |
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ES2769078T3 (es) | 2015-11-27 | 2020-06-24 | Basf Se | Copolímeros que comprenden olefinas alfa y ésteres de ácido olefindicarboxílico, su preparación y uso como depresores del punto de fluidez para aceites crudos, aceites minerales o productos de aceite mineral |
US11078418B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2021-08-03 | Basf Se | Corrosion inhibitors for fuels and lubricants |
WO2018104071A1 (de) | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-14 | Basf Se | Wässrige zusammensetzungen von paraffininhibitoren |
RU2771022C2 (ru) * | 2017-06-27 | 2022-04-25 | Норион Кемикалз Интернэшнл Б.В. | Хладостойкие присадки, понижающие температуру застывания |
WO2019002167A1 (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2019-01-03 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. | SPRAY DRAWERS SUITABLE FOR WINTER |
CN107469151B (zh) * | 2017-08-09 | 2020-05-22 | 青岛慧生惠众生物科技有限公司 | 一种牙槽骨修复材料及其制备方法和应用 |
AR113169A1 (es) | 2017-09-11 | 2020-02-05 | Basf Corp | Dispersiones poliméricas acuosas, un método para su preparación y uso como depresores del punto de vertido para petróleo crudo, petróleo y productos de petróleo |
EA038357B1 (ru) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-08-13 | Научно-Исследовательский И Проектный Институт Нефти И Газа (Нипинг) | Депрессорная присадка |
US11692053B2 (en) | 2021-04-21 | 2023-07-04 | Clariant International Ltd | Polymeric pour point depressants for waxy crude oils |
WO2022223153A1 (en) | 2021-04-21 | 2022-10-27 | Clariant International Ltd | Polymeric pour point depressants for waxy crude oils |
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US2542542A (en) | 1948-08-02 | 1951-02-20 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Lubricating oil additives |
DE2102469C2 (de) | 1971-01-20 | 1989-06-29 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Verwendung von Äthylencopolymerisaten als Zusatz zu Erdöl und Erdölfraktionen |
US3966428A (en) | 1973-10-31 | 1976-06-29 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Ethylene backbone polymers in combination with ester polymers having long alkyl side chains are low viscosity distillate fuel cold flow improvers |
DE3223694A1 (de) * | 1981-09-17 | 1983-03-24 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Copolymere aus (alpha)-(beta)-ungesaettigten dicarbonsaeureestern verfahren zu deren herstellung sowie deren verwendung |
DE3201541A1 (de) | 1982-01-20 | 1983-07-28 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Erdoelmitteldestillate mit verbesserten fliesseigenschaften |
GB8521393D0 (en) | 1985-08-28 | 1985-10-02 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Middle distillate compositions |
US20050138859A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-06-30 | Graham Jackson | Cold flow improver compositions for fuels |
EP1746147B1 (de) | 2005-07-22 | 2016-02-24 | Basf Se | Copolymere auf Basis von Olefinen und Estern von ethylenisch ungesättigten Carbonsäuren zur Erniedrigung des CP-Werts von Brennstoffölen und Schmierstoffen |
JP5539983B2 (ja) | 2008-07-31 | 2014-07-02 | ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイション | 新規なコポリマーおよびその潤滑組成物 |
WO2014095408A1 (de) | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-26 | Basf Se | Polymerformulierungen in lösemitteln mit hohem flammpunkt, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung als pour-point-depressants für rohöle, mineralöle oder mineralölprodukte |
AR100387A1 (es) | 2014-02-18 | 2016-10-05 | Basf Se | Copolímeros que comprenden etileno, ésteres de vinilo y ésteres de ácido (met)acrílico, sus formulaciones y usos como depresor del punto de fluidez, inhibidor de cera y potenciador de flujo para petróleos crudos |
WO2015185430A1 (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2015-12-10 | Basf Se | Agrochemical suspoemulsion comprising polymer particles made of methyl (meth)acrylate and c2-c12 alkyl (meth)acrylate |
ES2769078T3 (es) | 2015-11-27 | 2020-06-24 | Basf Se | Copolímeros que comprenden olefinas alfa y ésteres de ácido olefindicarboxílico, su preparación y uso como depresores del punto de fluidez para aceites crudos, aceites minerales o productos de aceite mineral |
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US11236282B2 (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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CA3003953C (en) | 2023-10-17 |
CN108291163B (zh) | 2020-06-26 |
EA201891271A1 (ru) | 2018-12-28 |
WO2017089212A1 (de) | 2017-06-01 |
US20200369972A1 (en) | 2020-11-26 |
CN108291163A (zh) | 2018-07-17 |
US10781385B2 (en) | 2020-09-22 |
CA3003953A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
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