Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
  • B21D11/20—Bending sheet metal, not otherwise provided for
  • B21D11/206—Curving corrugated sheets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
  • B21D11/10—Bending specially adapted to produce specific articles, e.g. leaf springs
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D13/00—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form
  • B21D13/02—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form by pressing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D13/00—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form
  • B21D13/10—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form into a peculiar profiling shape
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
  • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
  • F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
  • F17C3/06—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers on the inner surface, i.e. in contact with the stored fluid

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of forming metal sheets or sheets, and more particularly to the work of a sheet which has one or more corrugations to be bent, that is to say a corrugation of which we want to change at least partially longitudinal orientation.
• a sheet having planar portions and projecting corrugations arranged between the planar portions are commonly used for the production of sealed membranes to undergo high temperature differences during their operation.
• Such corrugations are commonly formed by folding in rectilinear directions, for example in the form of two sets of intersecting corrugations extending respectively in the length direction and the width direction of a rectangular sheet.
• stamping methods are known, for example by KR-A-2010034795.
• WO-A-2013010293 discloses a tool for forming a corrugated sheet, wherein a corrugation has a rectilinear main portion and two end portions, and wherein the end portions have a different inclination angle of the main portion.
• FR-A-879977 discloses a device for bending a hollow profiled piece of great length.
• An idea underlying the invention is to form a sheet having an angled corrugation and which lends itself to the realization of tight assemblies of high quality. For this, there is the need for methods and apparatus for forming a bent undulation without affecting the flatness of planar portions of the sheet. There is also a need for methods and apparatus for bending a ripple without affecting the cross-sectional shape of the ripple. There is also a need for methods and apparatus for bending a ripple by minimizing the effects on sheet thickness and uniformity.
• the invention provides a forming method for sheet metal for forming a bend in a corrugation, the method comprising:
• a sheet metal plate on a lower frame having a planar support surface and a projecting counter-shape disposed on the support surface, the projecting counter-form having a fixed portion and a movable portion articulated with respect to the fixed portion around the support surface; an axis perpendicular to the support surface, the sheet metal plate having planar portions received on the support surface and a corrugation disposed between the planar portions projecting from the planar portions and in which the projecting counter-form is housed,
• the upper frame carrying a hollow upper die arranged above the movable portion of the projecting counter-form
• the upper die comprising an inner-side half-die having a planar lower surface parallel to the support surface and an interior recess lateral surface for delimiting a flank of the corrugation located inside the bend, the imprint lateral surface having a longitudinal axis parallel to the planar support surface, and an outer-side half-die which has a planar lower surface parallel to the support surface and an outer imprint lateral surface for delimiting a flank of the ripple located at the outside of the elbow, the external impression lateral surface having a longitudinal axis parallel to the axis longitudinally of the inner cavity lateral surface, the hollow upper die being oriented relative to the lower frame so that the longitudinal axis of the inner and outer cavity side surfaces forms a bending angle with respect to the fixed portion of the protruding counter-form and, during the lowering movement of the upper frame:
• the flat portions of the sheet metal plate are clamped against the support surface by means of flanks.
• the invention provides a forming device for sheet metal for forming a bend in a corrugation, the forming device comprising:
• a lower frame having a planar support surface for receiving a sheet metal plate having a corrugation to be bent, the corrugation to be bent protruding from a planar portion of the sheet metal plate, a projecting counterform disposed on the support surface and intended to be housed in the corrugation to be bent,
• the projecting counter-form has a fixed portion and a movable portion articulated with respect to the fixed portion about an axis perpendicular to the support surface
• a press configured to lower the upper frame towards the lower frame
• an inner-side half-die having a planar lower surface parallel to the support surface and an interior recess lateral surface for delimiting a flank of the corrugation located inside the bend, the imprint lateral surface having a longitudinal axis parallel to the planar support surface and,
• a half-die on the outer side which has a flat lower surface parallel to the support surface and an outer recess lateral surface for delimiting a flank of the undulation located outside the elbow, the outer recess lateral surface having a longitudinal axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the lateral surface of internal cavity,
• the hollow upper die being oriented or orientable relative to the lower frame so that the longitudinal axes of the inner and outer cavity side surfaces form a bending angle with respect to the fixed portion of the projecting counter-form
• the hollow upper die in particular the half-die on the outside of the hollow upper die, being coupled to the upper frame for transmitting the force of the press towards the lower frame.
• the movable portion of the projecting counter-form has an initial position, and the hollow upper die is oriented with respect to the upper frame so that the longitudinal axis of the surfaces impression side forms a bending angle with respect to the movable portion of the protruding counter-form in the initial position, it is possible to obtain the following operation:
• a lower edge of the outer side half-die contacts a crown portion of the corrugation to be bent, and the lateral imprint surface of the outer-side half-die slides against an outer edge of the corrugation to be corrugated; bent to support the outer side of the corrugation to be bent against the outer side of the movable portion, from the top to the bottom of the corrugation, so as to conform the outer side of the corrugation to be bent to the side outside the movable portion and simultaneously rotating the movable portion from the initial position to an end position aligned with the impression side surfaces of the two half-matrices of the hollow upper die,
• such a device may have one or more of the following characteristics:
• the half-die on the inner side is slidably mounted relative to the upper frame, so as to slide along an axis parallel to the direction of actuation of the press between a deployed position in which the half-die side The inside is shifted towards the support surface with respect to the half-die on the outer side and a retracted position in which the half-die on the inner side is aligned with the half-die on the outer side, the half-die on the inner side being able to slide from the deployed position towards the retracted position in contact with the lower frame as the upper frame is lowered to the lower frame under the effect of the press.
• the half-die on the inside may be initially placed in the deployed position.
• the half-die on the inner side in the extended position first contacts the sheet metal plate away from an inner blank of the corrugation to be bent, and then the half-die on the inner side slides position retracted as the descent of the upper frame to the lower frame.
• the device further comprises two flanks carried by the upper frame on either side of the hollow upper die and arranged between the upper frame and the lower frame, each flange being slidably mounted on the upper frame along an axis parallel to the direction of actuation of the press, each clamp having a flat bottom surface parallel to the support surface of the lower frame, the device further comprising return springs interposed between the upper frame and the flanks for resiliently biasing the flanks to an extended position towards the lower frame.
• planar portions of the sheet may be maintained in a plane state between the support surface and the bottom surface of the flanks during the forming of the bent corrugation.
• a first one of the sidewall clamps which is adjacent to the inner side half-die, engages with the inner side half-die to maintain the bottom surface of the inner side die half aligned with the surface. bottom of the first clamp and elastically recall the half-die inner side to the extended position of the inner half-die under the effect of the return springs.
• a spring can be arranged directly between the upper frame and the half-die on the inside to resiliently return the half-die on the inner side to the deployed position.
• the return springs are gas cylinders. Advantages of gas cylinders include high power, small footprint, ease of use and relatively low cost
• the device further comprises a guide block arranged between the upper frame and the lower frame and pivotally mounted on the upper frame about an axis perpendicular to the support surface, the hollow upper die being mounted on the guide block so that the angle of bending can be adjusted by pivoting the guide block relative to the upper frame.
• the pivoting of the guide block makes it possible to choose the value of the angle of bending.
• the device further comprises a dial graduated in angular measurement units carried by one of the guide block and the upper frame to visually indicate the value of the angle of bending.
• a swivel range of the guiding block includes bending angles located on either side of a neutral orientation aligned with the fixed portion of the counter-form, and each of the two half-dies is sliding relative to the guide block, so as to be able to slide between an extended position and a retracted position along an axis parallel to the direction of actuation of the press, each of the two half-matrices being able to serve as a half-die on the inner side according to the direction of the angle of bend relative to the neutral orientation.
• the device makes it possible to bend the ripple to the right or to the left, depending on the setting of the guide block relative to the neutral orientation.
• the guide block further comprises removable fasteners for selectively retaining each of the two half-dies in the retracted position.
• removable fasteners for example in the form of elastic pushers, keys, racks, ratchets, screws, etc.
• each of the two flanks is arranged to engage the half-array adjacent to said flange clamp when, depending on the orientation of the guide block, the half-array adjacent to said clamp flank is the half-die on the inner side, so that for both directions of the angle of bend relative to the neutral orientation, the lower surface of the inner half-die is kept aligned with the lower surface of the greenhouse adjacent flank and the inner half-matrix is resiliently biased towards the deployed position under the effect of the return springs.
• the device can operate in a similar manner to bend the ripple to the right or to the left, which facilitates its use.
• the device further comprises a connecting bar extending transversely to and above the fixed portion of the counter-form and rigidly connecting the two clamps to one another.
• a connecting bar extending transversely to and above the fixed portion of the counter-form and rigidly connecting the two clamps to one another.
• the stability of the flanks can be optimized.
• the two flanks and the connecting bar are made in one piece.
• the movable portion of the counter-form has a cross-sectional shape conforming to a transverse profile of the corrugation to be bent, the internal imprint lateral surface having a profile conforming to a first transverse half-profile.
• the corrugation to be bent and the lateral surface of the external cavity having a profile according to a second transverse half-profile of the corrugation to be bent.
• the device further includes a shaft pivotally mounted in the lower frame about an axis perpendicular to the planar support surface of the bottom frame, the shaft having a circular end surface aligned with the support surface. plane,
• the movable portion of the counter-form having a first portion of length attached to the end surface of the shaft along a radius of the circular end surface and a second portion of length extending over the planar support surface in the extension of the first length portion and in sliding contact with the surface flat support,
• the fixed portion of the counter-form being oriented in a direction intersecting the center of the end surface, the fixed portion of the counter-form having a first portion of length fixed on the flat support surface and a second portion of length s extending on the end surface of the shaft in the extension of the first length portion and in sliding contact with the end surface.
• the first length portion of the movable portion of the counter-shape and the second length portion of the fixed portion of the counter-form each extend toward the center of the end surface without reaching the center of the end surface, the end surface further carrying a central wave plate arranged between the movable portion and the fixed portion of the counter-form, the central wave plate being pivotally mounted on the end surface coaxially with the shaft, the central wave plate having a cross section of dimensions slightly smaller than the cross section of the movable portion of the counter-form.
• the device further comprises a floating wave plate having the same cross-sectional shape as the central wave plate and arranged between the central wave plate and one of the movable portion and the fixed portion of the counter-form, the floating wave plate being connected to said one of the movable portion and the fixed portion with a degree of freedom in translation along the axis of said one of the movable portion and the fixed portion and with a degree of freedom in pivoting about an axis perpendicular to the support surface.
• the projecting counter-form also has a third portion hinged to the movable portion about a second axis perpendicular to the support surface,
• the device further comprising a second upper frame disposed above the lower frame and intended to be actuated towards the lower frame by a press, a second hollow upper die carried by the second upper frame between the second upper frame and the lower frame; the second upper hollow matrix being arranged above the third portion of the projecting counter-form.
• the first upper frame and the second upper frame of the forming device can be arranged under the press to be lowered simultaneously towards the lower frame to produce two elbows in a single press stroke.
• the invention also provides a use of the foregoing forming device, wherein:
• a sheet metal plate is placed on the plane support surface and the protruding counter-form is housed in the corrugation to be bent, the movable portion of the projecting counter-form has an initial position, and the matrix hollow top is oriented with respect to the upper frame so that the longitudinal axis of the impression side surfaces forms a bending angle with respect to the movable portion of the projecting counter-form in the initial position, and then, during a downward movement of the upper frame towards the lower frame under the effect of the press:
• the inner half-die in the extended position firstly contacts the sheet metal plate at a distance from an inner blank of the corrugation to be bent, then the half-die on the inner side slides towards the retracted position as the upper frame is lowered to the lower frame, a lower edge of the outer side half-die comes into contact with a crown portion of the corrugation to be bent, and the lateral imprint surface of the half-matrix.
• a longitudinal portion of the corrugation to be bent is sandwiched between the movable portion of the projecting counter-form and the hollow upper die and is angled at an angle equal to said angle of bend relative to in the initial state.
• the initial position of the movable portion of the projecting counter-form is aligned with the fixed portion, the corrugation to be bent having a rectilinear shape in the initial state.
• the initial position of the movable portion of the projecting counter-form is rotated by an initial angle relative to the fixed portion, the corrugation to be bent having a bent shape of the initial angle in the initial state and a bent shape of an angle equal to the sum of the initial angle and the angle of bending in the final state.
• Such a device can therefore also be used to bend a ripple in several successive passages with an increased bending angle at each passage.
• FIG. 1 is a general perspective view of a forming device according to one embodiment of the invention, in an open position,
• FIG. 2 is a view from above of the lower part of the device of FIG. 1, along the line II-II of FIG. 6,
• FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the lower part of the device of FIG. 1 along line III-III of FIG. 6;
• FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial view in section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3;
• FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of a floating wave plate of the lower part of the device of FIG. 1,
• FIG. 6 is a front view of the device of FIG. 1,
• FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the device of FIG. 1 along axis VII-VII of FIG. 12, - Figure 8 is a sectional view of the guide block along the axis VIII-VIII of Figure 7, the device being however in the open position of Figure 1
• FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a sidewall slide along the axis IX-IX of FIG. 1;
• FIG. 10 is a general perspective view of a forming device of FIG. 1, in the open position, in the presence of a sheet having an initially rectilinear ripple engaged on the counter-form,
• FIG. 11 is a view similar to FIG. 10 in a position of contact of the side members, corresponding to a subsequent step of the actuation of the press,
• FIG. 2 is a front view of the device of FIG. 1 in a closed state, corresponding to a subsequent step of actuation of the press,
• FIG. 13 is a general perspective view of the sheet of Figure 10 ready to be removed from the device after forming the bent corrugation.
• FIG. 14 is a view from above of the lower part of a forming device according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 15 is a top view of the lower part of a forming device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 16 is a top view of a forming device according to a variant of the second embodiment.
• a sheet forming device for forming a bend in a corrugation of a sheet is described below.
• the forming of the corrugation (s) in the sheet must be carried out prior to the use of this forming device, which aims to bend a pre-existing corrugation.
• the pre-existing corrugation can be obtained by known folding methods, in particular according to a rectilinear geometry.
• Figures 1 and 6 provide an overview of the forming device, which consists of an upper part 1 and a lower part 2, which are shown in the open position of the device and which are intended to be actuated towards each other by means of a press (not shown), for example a hydraulically operated press, in the direction indicated by the arrow P in FIGS. 6 and 12.
• a press for example a hydraulically operated press
• the direction indicated by the arrow P will be called vertical direction by convention, regardless of its actual orientation in the gravity field.
• the unrepresented press actuates the forming device from the open position of Figures 1 and 6 to the closed position of Figure 12 and vice versa.
• the power of the press required to achieve this actuation depends on the nature and thickness of the sheet to be worked. For a 1, 2mm thick stainless steel sheet a 10 ton bending press can be used.
• the lower part 2 is now more precisely described, which essentially consists of a lower frame 4 and a counter-form 5 which is articulated.
• the lower frame 4 is a thick flat plate having a flat upper surface 6 for receiving the sheet to be worked, especially the flat portions thereof.
• the sheet to be worked is shown in Figures 10, 11 and 13 at 70.
• the counter-form 5 is mounted projecting on the flat upper surface 6 and comprises mainly a fixed portion 7 of rectilinear shape and a movable portion 8 of rectilinear shape also.
• the sectional shape of the movable portion 8 is substantially identical to the inner profile of the corrugation to be bent, namely here with two semi-elliptical sides 9 symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane III-III of FIG. 6, and a zone of vertex 10 of strongest curvature.
• the movable portion 8 occupies substantially all the inner space of the corrugation in which it is engaged.
• the fixed portion 7 has the same width in its lower part but a lower height and therefore does not occupy all the interior space of the undulation in which it is engaged. However, since the length portion of the corrugation which receives the fixed portion 7 is not strongly stressed during the actuation of the press, the sectional shape of the fixed portion 7 is not critical and can be designed in different ways.
• the fixed portion 7 is fixed on the upper planar surface 6 by means of screws not shown and pins 11 engaged in holes of the fixed portion 7 and the lower frame 4 underlying.
• the movable portion 8 is mounted on a disk-shaped shaft 12 which is housed pivotally in a cylindrical bearing 13 pierced in the center of the lower frame 4.
• a length portion 14 of the fixed portion 7 extends door-to-door. false on the shaft end surface 12 and is in sliding contact therewith.
• the end 16 of the length portion 14 has a shape in section substantially identical to the movable portion 8.
• the movable portion 8 is fixed on the end surface 15 of the shaft 12 at a position substantially opposite to the end 16 of the fixed portion 7, by means of a pair of wide-headed screws 17 engaged vertically in a pair of holes 18 of the shaft 12 and screwed into a pair of threaded holes 19 of the movable portion 8.
• a large portion of length 20 of the movable portion 8 extends cantilevered on the flat support surface 6 and is in sliding contact therewith, so that the movable portion 8 can pivot over a certain angular range on either side of the neutral position shown in Figure 2 about a vertical axis.
• This angular range covers at least the pivoting range of the guide block 35 which will be described below, namely for example the interval [-13 °, + 13 °] represented by the arrow 57.
• the counter-form 5 further comprises three wave plates 22, 23, 24 having almost the same shape in section as the moving portion. 8. More precisely, as best seen in FIG. 4, the sectional shape of the three wave plates 22, 23, 24 has dimensions slightly smaller than the section of the movable portion 8, and therefore with the internal profile of the corrugation, to allow a folding of the sheet in the area of the elbow, not a stamping / drawing which would lead to reduce the thickness of the sheet.
• the dimensional difference between the section of the three wave plates 22, 23, 24 and the internal profile of the corrugation is of the same order of magnitude as the thickness of the sheet for an angle less than 15 °.
• the central wave plate 22 is pivotally mounted on the end surface 15 by means of a stepped screw 25 vertically engaged in a bore 26 of the shaft 12 and thus forming a vertical pivot axis with respect to the shaft 12 .
• the floating wave plates 23 and 24 are illustrated more particularly in FIGS. 4 and 5.
• the floating wave plate 23 is connected to the end 21 of the movable portion 8 with a translation displacement along the length of the beam. - Shape, a displacement in lateral translation, and a displacement in rotation about a vertical axis.
• a screw 27 is screwed into a tapped hole 28 formed longitudinally in the end 21.
• a sleeve 29 having a wide head 31 is slidably engaged around the screw 27.
• the sleeve 29 and the screw 27 that it are contained in an oblong hole 30 of the floating wave plate 23.
• the wide head 31 is housed in a countersink 32 of the floating wave plate 23.
• a compression spring 33 is engaged on the sleeve 29 and takes respectively bearing on a surface of the floating wave plate 23 opposite the countersink 32 and on the end 21 of the movable portion 8.
• the floating wave plate 24 is connected in the same way to the end 16 of the portion fixed 7.
• the wave plates 22, 23, 24 contribute to maintain almost constant the transverse profile of the corrugation to be bent during the operation of the forming device while freely accompanying the deformation of the material to this place, since the wave plates 22, 23, 24 are precisely in the bend which is finally achieved in the corrugation.
• the upper part 1 of the forming device which consists mainly of an upper frame 34, a guide block 35 carrying half-dies 36 and 37 sliding, and two clamps 38 slidably mounted on either side of the guide block 35.
• the upper frame 34 is a thick flat plate having a flat upper surface 39 for receiving the pressing force of the not shown press.
• the guide block 35 is a parallelepipedal sleeve pivotally mounted under the upper frame 34 by means of a shouldered axis 40 oriented perpendicularly to the upper frame 34 and a screw 41 fixing the shouldered axis 40 34.
• Bearings 42 of self-lubricating bronze are arranged in the bore receiving the shouldered axis 40, which is formed in a rear wall of the guide block 35. The pivoting of the guide block 35 makes it possible to adjust the value of the working angle of the forming device.
• a groove 43 arcuate concentric with the shouldered axis 40 is pierced in a front portion of the upper frame 34 and traversed by two screws 44 holding a front wall of the guide block 35 to the upper frame 34.
• the screws 44 can be slidably loosened into the groove 43 and then tightened to the desired angular position.
• the guide block 35 must indeed be firmly locked in position during the closing movement of the press.
• the guide block 35 is represented here in the position turned to the maximum in a positive direction, namely for example + 13 ° with respect to the neutral position aligned with the fixed portion 7.
• the heads of the two screws 44 are housed in a countersink 88 of the upper frame 34.
• a dial 45 with angular marks is fixed on a front face of the guide block 35 and an angular positioning slider 46 is fixed on a front face of the upper frame 34 to indicate the working angle.
• the dial and the angular positioning slider can also be swapped.
• the two half-dies 36 and 37 which form the hollow upper die are slidably mounted in the guide block 35.
• the half-dies 36 and 37 are relatively flat pieces which extend into the length of the guide block 35 above the movable portion 8 of the counter-form 5.
• Each half-die 36, 37 has a flat bottom surface 47 and a lateral cavity surface 48 which corresponds to the outer profile of the corrugation to be bent and extending between the flat bottom surface 47 and the vertical contact surface 49 of the two half-dies 36 and 37.
• the half-dies 36 and 37 are slidably mounted perpendicularly to the upper frame 34 relative to the guide block 35 and relative to each other, to be able to slide independently of one another.
• Three dovetail slides are formed in the vertical contact surface 49 of the two half-dies 36 and 37 to provide high mutual positioning accuracy throughout their respective sliding strokes.
• the peripheral vertical surfaces 50 of the two half-dies 36 and 37 are in sliding contact against corresponding inner surfaces 52 of the guide block 35.
• a pin 51 is engaged each time in a vertical groove 53 of the half-die 36, 37 through a drilling the guide bioco 35 to abut against an end surface 55 of the groove 53 in the maximum deployed position of the half-die, as can be seen in FIG. 8 for the half-die 36.
• a spring plunger 54 is each time mounted in the guide block 35 to the right of each half-die 36, 37 to be able to lock the half-die 36, 37 in the retracted position. More precisely, in the retracted position, the spring-loaded pusher 54 snaps elastically into a notch 56 of the half-die 36, 37 as visible in FIG. 8 for the half-die 37. In the retracted position, an upper surface 58 of the half-die 36, 37 is in abutment against the lower surface 59 of the upper frame 34 to transmit the press force of the press.
• the half-die on the outer side needs to slide relative to the upper frame 34.
• the sliding assembly of the two half-dies 36 and 37 makes it possible to use the device described here to form bends in both ways.
• the half-die on the inside could be fixed.
• flanks 38 are two bars symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane III-III of FIG. 6 which extend parallel to the fixed portion 7 of FIG. the counter-form 5 on each side of the counter-form 5.
• Each side-clamp 38 has a generally rectangular flat bottom surface 60 intended to press the flat portions of the sheet on the flat support surface 6 to maintain the flatness of these parts. portions during operation of the press.
• a vertical slideway 61 comprises a guide column 62 fixed by a screw 63 34.
• the lower end of the guide column 62 is housed in a bore 64 formed in the stay-clamp 38 and has a shoulder 65 intended to abut against a bearing housing 66 to define the maximum deployed position of the wing clamp 38.
• the pad casing 66 is fixed to the top surface 67 of the wing clamp 68 by means of screws 68 and contains self-lubricating bronze pads 69 arranged around the guide column 62.
• Two return springs are arranged between each flange 38 and the upper frame 34 to return the flange to the extended position shown in FIGS. 1, 6 and 9.
• a transverse bar 81 connects the rear portions of the two flanks 38 to rigidly secure the two flanks 38.
• the two flanks 38 and the transverse bar 81 can thus be made of
• the crossbar 81 has a cutout 82 for stepping over the fixed portion 7 of the conformal 5 without interfering therewith in the closed position of the forming device (Fig. 12).
• the cutout 82 has a section conforming to the outer profile of the corrugation to be bent.
• the flange 38 On its inwardly facing side surface, the flange 38 has two clearances, namely a lower clearance 83 and an upper clearance 84 which serve when the flange 38 is on the inside of the bend.
• the lower clearance 83 accommodates a portion of the half-die 36 located on the inner side to engage an upper surface 85 of the half-die 36 with an upper surface 86 of the lower clearance 83 , so as to maintain the half-die 36 located on the inner side in the extended position, wherein the lower surface 47 is aligned with the lower surface 60.
• the upper clearance 84 can accommodate the base of the guide block 35 in the last part of the movement of the press and in the closed state of the forming device.
• the forming device is in the open state and a sheet metal plate 70 to be worked on is placed on the lower part 2.
• the sheet metal plate 70 is here a bottom plate that can be used to make the waterproof membrane an LNG tank, as taught in WO-A-2011048300.
• this example is not limiting and the forming device described can be used to work any sheet having at least one corrugation.
• the sheet metal plate 70 in this example comprises a rectilinear radial corrugation 71 of smaller height and three circumferential corrugations 72, 73, 74 of greater height which perpendicularly cut the radial corrugation 71, as well as planar and coplanar portions 76 situated between these ripples.
• the circumferential corrugation 72 is rectilinear.
• the circumferential corrugation 72 has a bend 75 whose angle is equal to the adjustment angle of the guide block 35, for example 13 °.
• a longitudinal portion 77 of the corrugation 72 has rotated from this angle relative to the initial state.
• the forming device is closed vertically under the effect of the press.
• the closing movement reaches a contact position of the flanks 38 with the flat portions 76 situated on either side of the circumferential corrugation 72 to be bent.
• the inner-side half-die 36 which is locked in the extended position under the inner side clamp 38, also comes into contact with the sheet metal plate 70, away from the inner side of the corrugation 72.
• the half-die on the outer side 37 which is locked in the retracted position, is not yet in contact with the sheet metal plate 70, but is positioned above the crown portion and the outer side of the corrugation 72, at an angle to that because of the adjustment angle of the guide block 35.
• the upper frame 34 is lowered towards the lower frame 4 by compressing the return springs 80, which makes it possible to apply an increasing clamping force to the flat portions 76 by means of the flanks 38.
• the lateral imprint surface 48 of the outer-side half-matrix 37 comes into contact, first at its lower edge, with the top of the outer side of the corrugation 72.
• the lateral imprint surface 48 of the outer-side half-matrix 37 slides up and down against the outer side of the corrugation 72 and against the outer flank of the movable portion 8.
• the support of the outer half-matrix 37 has the effect on the one hand to push the outer side of the corrugation 72 in the direction of bending and on the other hand to rotate the movable portion 8 to the final position aligned with ec orientation of the half-matrix 36 and 37, which also pushes the inner side of the corrugation 72 in the direction of bending.
• This deformation of the ripple 72 operates with a sliding contact against the movable portion 8, so that the sheet is unwound behind the outer side and wound in front of the inner side without the thickness of the sheet is changed and without the adjacent flat portions 76 do not are affected.
• Figure 12 shows the position of the forming device at the end of the closing movement of the press.
• the half-die 36 on the inner side has joined the half-die 37 on the outer side in the retracted position.
• the movable portion 8 has reached the orientation aligned with the half-dies 36 and 37.
• the press can then raise the upper part 1 to open the forming device and remove the sheet metal plate 70, the corrugation 72 is now bent as shown in FIG. 13.
• the half-die 36 on the inner side and the half-die 37 on the outer side can be made in one piece as an integral upper die.
• the operation is the same, except that the inner half-die 36 remains at the same height as the half-die 37 on the outside during the entire movement of the press.
• the situation shown in FIG. 11 is therefore not present, and the half-die 36 on the inner side will only come into contact with the sheet metal plate 70 at the end of the press movement, in the position for this, the structure of the flanks 38 must also be slightly modified so as not to hinder the downward movement of the half-die 36 on the inside.
• flanks 38 and the hollow upper die could be constructed and operated independently of one another. 2U
• Figure 14 is a top view of the lower part of the forming device according to the second embodiment.
• Two lower frames 4 and 104 having coplanar and parallel upper surfaces 6 and 106 are provided here.
• the lower frame 104 is articulated to the lower frame 4 by a pivot connection coaxial with the shaft 12 and is secured to the movable portion 8 of the against-shape, for example by pins 111 similar to the pins 11 already described.
• the pivot connection between the lower frames 4 and 104 can be realized in different ways. It is here materialized by two complementary cylindrical surfaces 101 and 102 that can slide on one another.
• the lower frame 104 in turn carries a shaft 112, which can be made in the same way that the shaft 12 already described, which provides a second articulation between the movable portion 8 and a third portion 108 of the counter-form.
• the third portion 108 of the counter-form is thus pivotable relative to the upper frame 104 and serves to make a second bend in the corrugation.
• the upper part of the forming device according to the second embodiment consists of two copies of the upper part 1 already described, namely a first upper portion mounted above the shaft 12 to form the first bend and a second upper portion mounted above the shaft 112 to form the second bend.
• the second upper part is mounted to move along an arcuate path 99, for example by means of a carriage suspended from a rail.
• the portions 7, 8 and 108 of the counter-form are aligned to accommodate a sheet having a rectilinear corrugation.
• a bend is formed at the level of the shaft 12, as previously described.
• the group consisting of of the movable portion 8, the lower frame 104 and the third portion 108 pivot together about the axis formed by the shaft 12.
• the movable portion 8 and the third portion 108 have remained aligned.
• a second bend is formed at the level of the shaft 112, in the same manner.
• the first upper portion of the forming device is held in the lower position to realize or contribute to this locking.
• the direction and the angle of the first bend and the second bend are adjusted independently of each other by respectively the orientation of the guide block 35 of the first upper portion relative to the fixed portion 7 of the counter-form and the orientation of the guide block 35 of the second upper portion relative to the movable portion 8 of the counter-form.
• the two elbows may have identical or opposite directions and equal or different angles. Two elbows with opposite directions and equal angles are useful for laterally shifting the path of a ripple without changing its orientation.
• Figure 15 is a top view of the lower portion of the forming device according to the third embodiment. Elements similar or identical to those of the second embodiment have the same reference numeral.
• the forming device always comprises two upper portions not shown to make the two successive elbows, but only one lower frame 4.
• the shaft 112 which articulates the third portion 108 to the movable portion 8 of the counter-form is mounted movably along a circular path centered on the pivot axis of the shaft 12, for example by being housed in an oblong groove 98 having an arcuate geometry.
• the shaft 112 is therefore capable of translating into the groove 98 during the formation of the first bend.
• the operation is identical to the second embodiment.
• FIG. 16 represents a variant of the forming device according to the second or third embodiment, in which the first upper part 95 and the second upper part 96 of the forming device are sketched in broken lines and are intended to manufacture the two bends in a single stroke of the press.
• the first upper part 95 and the second upper part 96 can be mounted under a single press in close proximity to one another.
• the second upper portion 96 is movably mounted along a path substantially parallel to the arc 99, as indicated by the arrow 94, for example by means of a rack, to be positioned at the position of limit of the shaft 112.
• the two elbows are formed in a single stroke of the press, namely that the area of the undulation which covers the movable portion 8 is deflected upwards according to the angle imposed by the first upper portion 95 and the ripple which covers the third portion 108 is simultaneously straightened downwards to return parallel to the fixed portion 7.
• Figure 16 shows the counter-shape in the final configuration of the doubly bent corrugation.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
• Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
• Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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Country Status (9)

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• 2015
  • 2015-11-19 FR FR1561137A patent/FR3043925B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2016
  • 2016-11-21 WO PCT/FR2016/053035 patent/WO2017085435A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2016-11-21 CN CN201680066880.XA patent/CN108290195B/zh active Active
  • 2016-11-21 EP EP16819128.6A patent/EP3377241B1/de active Active
  • 2016-11-21 US US15/776,338 patent/US10946426B2/en active Active
  • 2016-11-21 SG SG11201804051WA patent/SG11201804051WA/en unknown
  • 2016-11-21 ES ES16819128T patent/ES2744257T3/es active Active
  • 2016-11-21 KR KR1020187014577A patent/KR102599224B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2016-11-21 JP JP2018524764A patent/JP6811238B2/ja active Active

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