EP3375953B1 - Poutre pivotante et système d'échafaudage avec une telle poutre pivotante et procédé de montage du système d'échafaudage - Google Patents

Poutre pivotante et système d'échafaudage avec une telle poutre pivotante et procédé de montage du système d'échafaudage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3375953B1
EP3375953B1 EP18162036.0A EP18162036A EP3375953B1 EP 3375953 B1 EP3375953 B1 EP 3375953B1 EP 18162036 A EP18162036 A EP 18162036A EP 3375953 B1 EP3375953 B1 EP 3375953B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
girder
swing
coupling
wedge
pivotable
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EP18162036.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3375953A1 (fr
Inventor
Franciscus Jozef Leonardus Hubertus Brinkmann
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SCAFOM HOLDING BV
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SCAFOM HOLDING BV
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Publication of EP3375953A1 publication Critical patent/EP3375953A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/007—Devices and methods for erecting scaffolds, e.g. automatic scaffold erectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G1/00—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground
    • E04G1/14—Comprising essentially pre-assembled two-dimensional frame-like elements, e.g. of rods in L- or H-shape, with or without bracing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G1/00—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground
    • E04G1/15—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground essentially comprising special means for supporting or forming platforms; Platforms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G1/00—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground
    • E04G1/34—Scaffold constructions able to be folded in prismatic or flat parts or able to be turned down
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/006—Scaffold with cantilevered sections, e.g. to accommodate overhangs or recesses in the facade
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/04—Means for fastening, supporting, or bracing scaffolds on or against building constructions
    • E04G5/045—Means for fastening, supporting, or bracing scaffolds on or against building constructions for fastening scaffoldings on profiles, e.g. I or H profiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/16—Struts or stiffening rods, e.g. diagonal rods
    • E04G5/165—Lintel for scaffoldings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G7/00—Connections between parts of the scaffold
    • E04G7/30—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements
    • E04G7/302—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements for connecting crossing or intersecting bars or members
    • E04G7/306—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements for connecting crossing or intersecting bars or members the added coupling elements are fixed at several bars or members to connect
    • E04G7/307—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements for connecting crossing or intersecting bars or members the added coupling elements are fixed at several bars or members to connect with tying means for connecting the bars or members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G7/00—Connections between parts of the scaffold
    • E04G7/30—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements
    • E04G7/32—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements with coupling elements using wedges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G7/00—Connections between parts of the scaffold
    • E04G7/30—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements
    • E04G7/34—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements with coupling elements using positive engagement, e.g. hooks or pins

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a swing girder according to claim 1, a scaffold system according to claim 9 with such a swing girder and a method of erecting a scaffold system according to claim 14.
  • the invention according to claim 1 relates to a swing girder that is suitable for application in a scaffold system where the scaffolds are provided at regular distances with ring-shaped rosettes having coupling recesses.
  • Such a scaffold system is marketed by Scafom-rux under the brand name Ringscaff.
  • the Ringscaff system of Scafom-rux is described extensively in " The Ringscaff erection manual complete" of May 2011, downloadable via this link: http://www.scafom-rux.com/uploads/documents/Handleidingen/2011-05-01-The-Ringscaff-erection-manual-complete.pdf , which, inter alia on p. 73, accurately describes the configuration of the rosettes with coupling recesses, which rosettes are connected with the standards at regular distances. Further, on p. 74, the body, implemented as a casting, of a fixed ledger-wedge coupling is described, and described on p.
  • Page 72 shows a plan view and a side view of a node point where five horizontal ledgers are attached with a ledger-wedge coupling to the annular rosette of a standard.
  • CA 02740549 shows in Figure 3 a horizontal girder of the fixed type of which a lower girder coupling is not a wedge coupling but a coupling with a downwardly extending pin which can be inserted into an opening of a rosette of a standard.
  • WO 2013/066859 A1 shows in Figure 3 a horizontal swing girder.
  • the known swing girder has the features described in the pre-characterizing portion of claim 1.
  • the two fixed rosette couplings are implemented as conventional ledger-wedge couplings of which the body implemented as a casting is fixedly connected, by welding, with the respective first ends of the top tube and the bottom tube of the swing girder.
  • the swing connector assembly of the known swing girder is implemented as two conventional ledger-wedge couplings of which the body implemented as a casting is pivotably connected via a bracket with the respective second ends of the top tube and the bottom tube of the swing girder.
  • a swing girder is intended to enable erection of cantilever platforms or of suspended platforms, allowing the platform to be created from an already erected scaffold, for example, for forming a working platform under a bridge or roof construction.
  • a disadvantage of the known swing girder is that it is cumbersome to mount, so that mounting is time consuming and also brings safety risks.
  • two scaffolders should work together. This is because the swing girder has to be held by a first scaffolder while by a second scaffolder the lower pivotable ledger-wedge coupling is slid onto a rosette and the wedge is placed through a coupling recess in the rosette.
  • These operations have to be done about 0.5 meters below the level of the floor which the scaffolder is on, so that, actually lying on the scaffold floor, he has to position the pivotable ledger-wedge coupling concerned and then place the wedge and strike it.
  • the second scaffolder can also position the upper pivotable ledger-wedge coupling by tilting the swing girder and by pivoting the upper pivotable ledger-wedge coupling relative to the associated rosette into the correct position so that the wedge can be placed through a coupling recess.
  • both wedges can be struck to fixedly connect the pivotable ledger-wedge couplings with the standard concerned.
  • the invention contemplates a swing girder that can be connected with a standard more easily, more particularly, if so desired, can be connected with a standard by just one scaffolder.
  • the invention provides a swing girder according to claim 1. More particularly, the invention provides a swing girder for use in a scaffold system of the ring scaffold type including standards having, arranged at regular distances, ring-shaped rosettes with coupling recesses.
  • the swing girder according to the invention comprises:
  • the swing girder is characterized, according to the invention, in that a lower of the two pivotable rosette couplings is a pivotable girder-support coupling which includes a support plate extending perpendicular to the swing girder plane and the pivoting axis, which is connected with the second end of the bottom-girder in a manner pivotable around the pivoting axis, wherein the pivotable girder-support coupling includes at least one positioning pin connected with the support plate, which is at a side of the support plate facing away from the top-girder.
  • Assembling a swing girder according to the invention may, if so desired, be carried out by a single scaffolder.
  • the scaffolder places the at least one positioning pin of the pivotable girder-support coupling in a coupling opening of a rosette of a standard, with the support plate resting on the rosette, so that a large part of the weight of the swing girder at that moment is taken up by the respective rosette.
  • the scaffolder can carry out this operation while standing. In any case, the scaffolder does not need to reach about 0.5 meters below the scaffold floor to perform the operation there and so does not need to lie down as described above in the discussion of the disadvantages of the known swing girder.
  • Assembling the swing girder according to the invention is therefore more favorable from an ergonomic viewpoint. Moreover, assembly of the swing girder according to the invention can be carried out much faster because fewer operations are required. Moreover, as the scaffolder does not need to lie down or get down on his knees to carry out operations about 0.5 meters below the scaffold floor, he himself can continue to support the swing girder, so that a second scaffolder need not necessarily be present during placement of the swing girder according to the invention. After positioning of the girder-support coupling on a lower-situated rosette, the scaffolder proceeds to tilt the swing girder into a position in which the swing girder plane extends substantially vertically. The higher-situated rosette can then be simply coupled with the upper of the two pivotable rosette couplings.
  • the swing connector assembly further comprises a connecting rod which connects the two pivotable rosette couplings with each other, so that the two pivotable rosette couplings always have the same pivoted position around the pivoting axis relative to the swing girder plane.
  • a connecting rod which connects the two pivotable rosette couplings with each other, so that the two pivotable rosette couplings always have the same pivoted position around the pivoting axis relative to the swing girder plane.
  • the connecting rod effects a better distribution of the forces on the two pivotable rosette couplings and the rosettes coupled thereto during mounting and swinging of the swing girder. This is of importance because during mounting and swinging of the swing girder, the interplay of forces on the rosette couplings and the rosettes connected therewith is different than in the eventually mounted condition of the swing girder.
  • the effect achieved by the connecting rod is that the forces on the two pivotable rosette couplings and the two rosettes connected therewith are approximately equally distributed.
  • the invention also provides a scaffold system according to claim 9.
  • a scaffold system comprises:
  • Such a scaffold system provides the possibility of erecting a cantilever platform with the aid of swing girders in a simple manner.
  • the platform may then be realized by a single scaffolder. This in contrast to prior art scaffold systems with swing girders.
  • the invention provides a method of erecting a suspended platform according to claim 14. More particularly, the method according to the invention comprises:
  • Such a method of erecting a platform that is at least in part suspended from an overhead construction, such as a bridge, a roof or a beam, can be carried out particularly fast and, if desired, even by a single scaffolder. This is the consequence of the particular configuration of the swing girders according to the invention which are used in carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the invention provides a swing girder 10 for use in a scaffold system of the ring scaffold type including standards 12, 112 having, arranged at regular distances, ring-shaped rosettes 14 (see Figure 2 and Figures 7-11 ) with coupling recesses 18 (see, for example, Figure 12 ).
  • the swing girder 10 of which an example is shown in Figures 1 and 2 , comprises an upper chord or top-girder 20 of which a top-girder axis L1 extends in a swing girder plane in a swing girder main direction, as well as a lower chord or bottom-girder 22 of which a bottom-girder axis L2 extends parallel to the swing girder main direction in the swing girder plane.
  • the top-girder 20 and the bottom-girder 22 are mutually interconnected by a number of connecting tubes 24.
  • the swing girder 10 has two fixed rosette couplings 26, 34 which are fixedly connected respectively with a first end of the top-girder 20 and a first end of the bottom-girder 22.
  • the swing girder 10 has a swing connector assembly 38 which comprises two pivotable rosette couplings 40, 48 which are connected respectively with a second end of the top-girder 20 and a second end of the bottom-girder 22 in a manner pivotable around a pivoting axis S.
  • a lower of the two pivotable rosette couplings 40, 48 is a pivotable girder-support coupling 48 which includes a support plate 50, extending perpendicular to the swing girder plane and the pivoting axis, which is connected with the second end of the bottom-girder 22 in a manner pivotable around the pivoting axis (see Figure 3 ).
  • the pivotable girder-support coupling 48 includes at least one positioning pin 52, connected with the support plate 50, which is on a side of the support plate 50 facing away from the top-girder 20.
  • the swing connector assembly 38 may further comprise a connecting rod 54 which connects the two pivotable rosette couplings 40, 48 with each other, so that the two pivotable rosette couplings 40, 48 always have the same pivoted position around the pivoting axis S relative to the swing girder plane.
  • a connecting rod provides the advantage that the forces exerted on the pivotable rosette couplings and the associated rosettes during mounting and pivoting of the swing girder 10 are distributed better over the two pivotable rosette couplings 40, 48 and the associated rosettes 14.
  • an upper of the two second rosette couplings 40, 48 can be a pivotable girder-wedge coupling 40 comprising a body 42 which is connected with a second end of the top-girder 20 in a manner pivotable around a pivoting axis, wherein the pivoting axis S extends in the swing girder plane and extends perpendicular to the top-girder axis L1, wherein the body 42 of the pivotable girder-wedge coupling 40 includes a receiving gap 44 which extends perpendicular to the swing girder plane and the pivoting axis S, and wherein the pivotable girder-wedge coupling 40 includes a wedge 46 which is movably connected with the body 42 of the pivotable girder-wedge coupling 40, wherein the pivotable girder-wedge coupling 40 provides a force-transmitting connection with a standard 12 when the wedge 46 is in a fixation condition.
  • a thus-implemented upper pivotable rosette coupling 40 provides for simple assembly. After the pivotable girder-support coupling 48 has been placed by way of the positioning pin 52 on a rosette 14 and rests thereon, the scaffolder can tilt the swing girder 10 into a vertical position (see Figure 6 ) so that the rosette 14 with which the pivotable girder-wedge coupling 40 is to be connected, is received in the receiving gap 44. The scaffolder then only needs to place the wedge 46 in the body 42, so that it extends through a coupling recess 18 of the respective rosette 14.
  • the scaffolder can attach, at the end with the two fixed rosette couplings 26, 34, a hanging standard 112 having therein premounted suspension means 120-126 (see Figures 8 and 12 ).
  • a lower of the two fixed rosette couplings 26, 34 can be a fixed girder-support coupling 34.
  • this fixed girder-support coupling 34 then includes a support plate 36 extending perpendicular to the swing girder plane, which is fixedly connected with a first end of the bottom-girder 22.
  • the girder-support coupling 34 then includes at least one positioning pin 38 connected with the support plate, which pin is on the side of the support plate 36 facing away from a top-girder 20.
  • an upper of the two fixed rosette couplings 26, 34 is preferably implemented as a fixed girder-wedge coupling 26 which includes a body 28 which is fixedly connected with a first end of the top-girder 20.
  • the body 28 has a receiving gap 30 which extends perpendicular to the swing girder plane.
  • the fixed girder-wedge coupling 26 includes a wedge 32 which is movably connected with the body 28 of the fixed girder-wedge coupling 26.
  • the fixed girder-wedge coupling 26 provides a force-transmitting connection with a standard 12 when the wedge 32 is in a fixation condition.
  • a lower rosette 114 is first brought under the support plate 36 and moved up, so that the positioning pin 38 is received in the coupling recess of the lower rosette 114. Then, the scaffolder tilts the hanging standard 112 into a vertical position so that the higher-situated rosette 114 is received in the receiving gap 30 of the fixed girder-wedge coupling 26. Next, the scaffolder only needs to place the wedge 32 in the body 28 so that it extends through the coupling recess of the respective rosette 114. The hanging standard 112 now cannot fall anymore.
  • the scaffolder To realize a fixed, force-transmitting connection, the scaffolder only needs to strike the wedge 32 in place with the aid of a hammer and the hanging standard 112 is fixedly connected with the swing girder 10. After these operations, the situation in Figure 8 has been reached.
  • the pivotable girder-wedge coupling 40 may, as is clearly visible in Figures 1-3 , comprise a U-shaped bracket 56 which includes two bracket legs 56a and a bracket body 56b.
  • the bracket body 56b is fixedly connected with the body 42 of the pivotable girder-wedge coupling 40.
  • the pivotable girder-support coupling 48 comprises a U-shaped bracket 58 which includes two bracket legs 58a and a bracket body 58b.
  • the bracket body 58b is fixedly connected with the support plate 50 of the pivotable girder-support coupling 48.
  • the earlier-mentioned connecting rod 54 interconnects the two U-shaped brackets 56, 58.
  • the top-girder 20 and the bottom-girder 22 may each be tubular.
  • the second end of the top-girder 20 may then be received between the legs 56a of the U-shaped bracket 56 of the pivotable girder-wedge coupling 40.
  • the second end of the bottom-girder 22 may then be received between the legs 58a of the U-shaped bracket 58 of the pivotable girder-support coupling 48.
  • the two second ends of the top-girder 20 and the bottom-girder 22 may then be each provided with a hole which forms a passage.
  • the swing connector assembly 38 can comprise a hinge pin 60 (see Figure 2 ) which extends along the pivoting axis S through the bracket legs 56a, 58a and the passages of the two second ends to form the pivotable connections between the body 42 of the pivotable girder-wedge coupling 40 and the top-girder 20 and between the support plate 50 of the pivotable girder-support coupling 48 and the bottom-girder 22.
  • the hinge pin 60 then forms the pivot of the swing connector assembly 38.
  • the hinge pin 60 can extend through the connecting rod 54 which connects the pivotable girder-wedge coupling 40 with the pivotable girder-support coupling 48.
  • the connecting rod 54 protects the hinge pin 60 from damage, for example when the swing girders 10 are stacked onto each other for storage.
  • the at least one positioning pin 38 connected with the support plate 36 of the fixed girder-support coupling 34, and being on the side of the support plate 36 facing away from the top-girder 20, can comprise three positioning pins 38 (see Figure 1 , in which one of the three positioning pins is visible).
  • Three positioning pins 38 provide for a stable positioning of the support plate 36 of the fixed girder-support coupling 34 relative to the rosette 14 on which the support plate 36 rests, in that each positioning pin 38 can be received in an associated coupling recesses 18 or in that, for example, outer positioning pins 38 abut against the circumferential edge of a coupling opening.
  • the at least one positioning pin 52 connected with the support plate 50 of the pivotable girder-support coupling 48, and being on the side of the support plate 50 facing away from the top-girder 20, can comprise three positioning pins 52 (see also Figure 1 , in which these three positioning pins 52 are visible).
  • Three positioning pins 52 can effect a more defined positioning of the support plate 50 relative to a rosette 14, for instance because each positioning pin 52 extends through a coupling opening 18 of the respective rosette 14. This minimizes the chance of the support plate 50 shifting relative to the rosette 14 during swinging of the swing girder 10, and forces that the support plate 50 exerts on the rosette 14 can be properly transmitted.
  • the invention also provides a scaffold system which comprises standards 12, 112 which are provided at regular distances with ring-shaped rosettes 14 which are each provided with coupling recesses 18.
  • the scaffold system also comprises ledgers 62 which are provided at the ends with ledger-wedge couplings 64.
  • each ledger-wedge coupling comprises a body which is provided with a receiving gap in which a ring-shaped rosette 14 is receivable, and each ledger-wedge coupling 64 includes a wedge which is movably connected with the body of the ledger coupling 64 and which can be inserted through a coupling recess 18 in the ring-shaped rosette 14 and be struck for fixation and for forming a force-transmitting connection between the ledger 62 and the standard 12.
  • the scaffold system is characterized according to the invention by swing girders 10 according to the invention, various embodiments of which have been described hereinabove.
  • the distance between the top-girder 20 and the bottom-girder 22 of the swing girder 10 substantially corresponds to the distance between two neighboring rosettes 14 or 14' on the standards 12 or 112.
  • the scaffold system may further include at least one end girder 72.
  • An example of the end girder 72 is shown in detail in Figures 4 and 5 .
  • Such an end girder 72 comprises a upper chord or top-girder 74 of which a top-girder axis L3 extends in an end girder plane in an end girder main direction.
  • the end girder 72 comprises a lower chord or bottom-girder 76 of which a bottom-girder axis L4 extends parallel to the end girder main direction in the end girder plane.
  • the top-girder 74 and the bottom-girder 76 are mutually interconnected by a number of connecting tubes 78.
  • the end girder 72 is provided with two end girder wedge couplings 80 which each include a body 82 which is fixedly connected with a first and a second end of the top-girder 74, respectively.
  • each body 82 is provided with a receiving gap 84. This receiving gap 84 extends perpendicular to the end girder plane.
  • Each end girder wedge coupling 80 furthermore includes a wedge 86 which is movably connected with the body 82 of the end girder wedge coupling 80.
  • Each end girder wedge coupling 80 provides a force-transmitting connection with a standard 112 connected therewith when the wedge 86 is in a fixation condition.
  • end girder 72 is provided with two end girder support couplings 88 each including a support plate 90 which extends perpendicular to the end girder plane and is fixedly connected with a first and a second end of the bottom-girder 76, respectively.
  • Each end girder support coupling 88 includes at least one positioning pin 92 connected with the support plate 90 and which is on a side of the support plate 90 facing away from the top-girder 74.
  • the scaffold system (see Figure 11 ) comprises, for forming a suspended platform, at least two swing girders 10, 10' according to any one of claims 3-8. That is, swing girders 10, 10' provided at a first end with a fixed girder-support coupling 34 and a fixed girder-wedge coupling 26 and provided at the second end with a pivotable girder-support coupling 48 and a pivotable girder-wedge coupling 40.
  • the scaffold system may include at least one end girder 72 as described above and a pair of first standards 12, 12' which are each provided with either suspension means or a base jack 70 for supporting the respective standard 12, 12'.
  • Base jacks 70 are known per se from the "Ringscaff erection manual complete" already mentioned above.
  • a swing connector assembly 38, 38' of an associated swing girder 10, 10' of the two swing girders may be connected.
  • the scaffold system according to this embodiment may further comprise two hanging standards 112, 112' which are provided with suspension means for attaching the two hanging standards 112, 112' to an overhead construction, such as a bridge, a roof or a beam.
  • Each of the two hanging standards 112, 112' is then connected with the fixed girder-support coupling 34, 34' and the fixed girder-wedge coupling 26, 26' of an associated swing girder 10, 10' of the two swing girders 10, 10'.
  • each end of the end girder 72 is connected with one of the hanging standards 112, 112'.
  • this embodiment of the scaffold system comprises floor parts 94 which rest on and extend transversely to the two swing girders 10, 10'.
  • this embodiment of the scaffold system may include a diagonal brace 96 (see Figure 9 ) which connects a rosette 114 of a hanging standard 112 as mentioned with a rosette 14' of standard 12' of the pair of first standards 12, 12' mentioned.
  • the length of the diagonal brace 96 is such that in mounted condition of the diagonal brace 96, the main direction of the top-girder 20 of the swing girder 10 that is connected with the respective hanging standard 112 extends perpendicular to the ledger 62 which extends between the two standards 12, 12' of the pair of first standards 12, 12'.
  • the suspension means of a hanging standard 112 can comprise a rod 120 which is provided with outer thread and which extends through the hanging standard 112. Further, the suspension means 120-134 in this embodiment comprise a supporting nut 122 which in mounted condition supports an underside of the hanging standard 112. A first lock nut 124 locks the position of the supporting nut 122 on the rod 120. The suspension means further comprise a rotatable turnbuckle 126 which is provided with inner thread by which it is connected with an upper end of the rod 120. With the aid of a second lock nut 128, the position of the rotatable turnbuckle 126 on the rod 120 is locked.
  • the suspension means comprise fastening means 130, 132, 134 with which the rotatable turnbuckle 126 is rotatably connected and which are configured for attachment of the rotatable turnbuckle 126 to an overhead structure such as a bridge or roof or beam.
  • the fastening means 130-134 can comprise, for example, a suspension eye 130 through which a suspension rod 132 has been passed.
  • the suspension rod 132 can be connected using clamps 134 with, for example, an I-beam, as shown in Figure 12 . It will be clear that other types of fastening means for connecting the turnbuckle 126 with an overhead construction are also possible.
  • the suspension eye 130, the suspension rod 132 and the clamps 134 as shown merely serve as examples.
  • the height of the suspended scaffold platform to be created can be set, so that the platform can be properly horizontally aligned.
  • the invention also provides a method of erecting a suspended platform.
  • the various steps of the method are shown in the exemplary Figures 6-12 .
  • the method comprises:
  • All these operations can be carried out without the scaffolder needing to perform any operations for which he has to reach about 0.5 meters below the scaffold floor he is on. It is possible, if so desired, for all these operations to be carried out by a single scaffolder. Moreover, the operations can be carried out relatively quickly because, compared with the known swing girder, there is only half the number of girder-wedge couplings to be positioned, wedges to be placed and struck with a hammer.
  • the method can further comprise:
  • the safety ledgers 140, 140' can be arranged directly, even before swinging out the swing girder 10, 10', so that before the floor parts 94 are placed, the safety ledgers 140, 140', such as, for example, a safety ledger at knee height and a safety ledger 140 at hip height, are already present.
  • the safety ledgers 140, 140' are then directly available for attaching thereto a life line which scaffolders are obliged to work with during erection of a scaffold.
  • the method can further comprise:
  • connecting the swing connector assembly 38 of the first swing girder 10 with a first 12 of the pair of standards 12, 12' and/or connecting the swing connector assembly 38' of the second swing girder 10' with a second 12' of the pair of standards 12, 12' can comprise:
  • connecting the swing connector assembly 38 of a swing girder 10 with a standard 12, 12' can, if desired, be carried out by a single scaffolder and provides a safe and quick way of attaching a swing girder 10, 10' to a standard 12, 12'.
  • the activities can all be carried out by a scaffolder from a standing position, which is particularly favorable from an ergonomic viewpoint.
  • connecting the end girder 72 with the rosettes 114, 114' of the two hanging standards 112, 112' can comprise:
  • This method of placing an end girder 72 is favorable from an ergonomic viewpoint and can be carried out by a single scaffolder.

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Claims (18)

  1. Poutrelle pivotante (10) destinée à être utilisée dans un système d'échafaudage du type à bague comportant des montants (12, 112) ayant, à intervalles réguliers, des rosaces en forme de bagues (14) ayant des évidements d'accouplement (18), la poutrelle pivotante (10) comprenant :
    - une poutrelle supérieure (20) dont un axe de poutrelle supérieure (L1) s'étend dans un plan de poutrelle pivotante dans une direction principale de poutrelle pivotante ;
    - une poutrelle inférieure (22) dont un axe de poutrelle inférieure (L2) s'étend parallèlement à la direction principale de poutrelle pivotante dans le plan de poutrelle pivotante ;
    - un nombre de tubes de connexion (24) qui interconnectent la poutrelle supérieure (20) et la poutrelle inférieure (22) l'une à l'autre ;
    - deux accouplements de rosace fixes (26, 34) qui sont connectés de manière fixe respectivement à une première extrémité de la poutrelle supérieure (20) et à une première extrémité de la poutrelle inférieure (22) ;
    - un ensemble de connecteur pivotant (38) qui comprend deux accouplements de rosace pivotables (40, 48) qui sont connectés respectivement à une deuxième extrémité de la poutrelle supérieure (20) et à une deuxième extrémité de la poutrelle inférieure (22) de manière pivotable autour d'un axe de pivotement (S) ;
    caractérisée en ce que
    - un accouplement inférieur parmi les deux accouplements de rosace pivotables (40, 48) est un accouplement de support de poutrelle pivotable (48) qui comporte une plaque de support (50) s'étendant perpendiculairement au plan de poutrelle pivotante et à l'axe de pivotement (S) qui est connectée à la deuxième extrémité de la poutrelle inférieure (22) de manière pivotable autour de l'axe de pivotement (S), dans lequel l'accouplement de support de poutrelle pivotable (48) comporte au moins un ergot de positionnement (52) connecté à la plaque de support (50), qui se trouve sur un côté de la plaque de support (50) qui n'est pas orienté vers la poutrelle supérieure (20) ;
    dans laquelle l'ensemble de connecteur pivotant (38) comprend en outre :
    - une tige de connexion (54) qui relie les deux accouplements de rosace pivotables (40, 48) l'un à l'autre, de sorte que les deux accouplements de rosace pivotables (40, 48) ont toujours la même position pivotée autour de l'axe de pivotement (S) par rapport au plan de poutrelle pivotante.
  2. Poutrelle pivotante (10) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle un accouplement supérieur parmi les deux accouplements de rosace pivotables (40, 48) est un accouplement à coin de poutrelle pivotable (40) qui comporte un corps (42) qui est connecté à une deuxième extrémité de la poutrelle supérieure (20) de manière pivotable autour d'un axe de pivotement, dans laquelle l'axe de pivotement (S) s'étend dans le plan de poutrelle pivotante et s'étend perpendiculairement à l'axe de poutrelle supérieure (L1), dans laquelle le corps (42) de l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle pivotable (40) est pourvu d'un espace récepteur (44) qui s'étend perpendiculairement au plan de poutrelle pivotante et à l'axe de pivotement (S), et dans laquelle l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle pivotable (40) comporte un coin (46) qui est connecté de manière mobile au corps (42) de l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle pivotable (40), dans laquelle l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle pivotable (40) fournit une connexion à transmission de force avec un montant (12) quand le coin (46) est dans un état de fixation.
  3. Poutrelle pivotante selon la revendication 2,
    dans laquelle un accouplement inférieur parmi les deux accouplements de rosace fixes (26, 34) est un accouplement de support de poutrelle fixe (34) qui comporte une plaque de support (36) s'étendant perpendiculairement au plan de poutrelle pivotante, qui est connectée de manière fixe à une première extrémité de la poutrelle inférieure (22), dans laquelle l'accouplement de support de poutrelle (34) comporte au moins un ergot de positionnement (38) connecté à la plaque de support, qui est du côté de la plaque de support (36) qui n'est pas orienté vers une poutrelle supérieure (20) ; et
    dans laquelle un accouplement supérieur parmi les deux accouplements de rosace fixes (26, 34) est un accouplement à coin de poutrelle fixe (26) qui comporte un corps (28) qui est connecté de manière fixe à une première extrémité de la poutrelle supérieure (20), dans laquelle le corps (28) est pourvu d'un espace récepteur (30) qui s'étend perpendiculairement au plan de poutrelle pivotante, dans laquelle l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle fixe (26) comporte un coin (32) qui est connecté de manière mobile au corps (28) de l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle fixe (26), dans laquelle l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle fixe (26) fournit une connexion de transmission à transmission de force avec un montant (12) quand le coin (32) est dans un état de fixation.
  4. Poutrelle pivotante selon la revendication 2 ou 3,
    dans laquelle l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle pivotable (40) comprend un support en U (56) comportant deux branches de support (56a) et un corps de support (56b), le corps de support (56b) étant connecté de manière fixe au corps (42) de l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle pivotable (40),
    dans laquelle l'accouplement de support de poutrelle pivotable (48) comprend un support en U (58) comportant deux branches de support (58a) et un corps de support (58b), le corps de support (58b) étant connecté de manière fixe à la plaque de support (50) de l'accouplement de support de poutrelle pivotable (48),
    dans laquelle la tige de connexion (54) interconnecte les deux supports en U (56, 58).
  5. Poutrelle pivotante selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle la poutrelle supérieure (20) et la poutrelle inférieure (22) sont tubulaires,
    dans laquelle la deuxième extrémité de la poutrelle supérieure (20) est reçue entre les branches (56a) du support en U (56) de l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle pivotable (40),
    dans laquelle la deuxième extrémité de la poutrelle inférieure (22) est reçue entre les branches (58a) du support en U (58) de l'accouplement de support de poutrelle pivotable (48),
    dans laquelle les deux deuxièmes extrémités de la poutrelle supérieure (20) et de la poutrelle inférieure (22) sont pourvues chacune d'un trou qui forme un passage,
    dans laquelle l'ensemble de connecteur pivotant (38) comprend un axe d'articulation (60) qui s'étend le long de l'axe de pivotement (S) à travers les branches de support (56a, 58a) et les passages des deux deuxièmes extrémités pour former les connexions pivotables entre le corps (42) de l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle pivotable (40) et la poutrelle supérieure (20) et entre la plaque de support (50) de l'accouplement de support de poutrelle pivotable (48) et la poutrelle inférieure (22).
  6. Poutrelle pivotante selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle l'axe d'articulation (60) s'étend à travers la tige de connexion (54) qui relie l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle pivotable (40) à l'accouplement de support de poutrelle pivotable (48).
  7. Poutrelle pivotante selon la revendication 3 ou selon les revendications 4 à 6 lorsqu'elles dépendent de la revendication 3, dans laquelle ledit au moins un ergot de positionnement (38) connecté à la plaque de support (36) de l'accouplement de support de poutrelle fixe (34), qui se trouve du côté de la plaque de support (36) qui n'est pas orienté vers la poutrelle supérieure (20), comprend trois ergots de positionnement (38).
  8. Poutrelle pivotante selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, dans laquelle ledit au moins un ergot de positionnement (52) connecté à la plaque de support (50) de l'accouplement de support de poutrelle pivotable (48), qui se trouve du côté de la plaque de support (50) qui n'est pas orienté vers la poutrelle supérieure (20), comprend trois ergots de positionnement (52).
  9. Système d'échafaudage comprenant :
    - des montants (12, 112) qui sont pourvus, à intervalles réguliers, de rosaces en forme de bagues (14) qui comportent des évidements d'accouplement (18) ;
    - des solives (62) qui sont pourvues aux extrémités d'accouplements à coin de solive (64), chaque accouplement à coin de solive comprenant un corps qui est pourvu d'un espace récepteur dans lequel peut être reçue une rosace en forme de bague (14) et chaque accouplement à coin de solive (64) comportant un coin qui est connecté de manière mobile au corps de l'accouplement de solive (64) et qui peut être inséré dans un évidement d'accouplement (18) formé dans la rosace en forme de bague (14) et qui peut être frappé pour être fixé et pour former une connexion à transmission de force entre la solive (62) et le montant (12) ;
    - des poutrelles pivotantes (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la distance qui sépare la poutrelle supérieure (20) de la poutrelle inférieure (22) de la poutrelle pivotante (10) correspond substantiellement à la distance qui sépare deux rosaces voisines (14 ou 14') sur les montants (12 ou 112).
  10. Système d'échafaudage selon la revendication 9, comportant en outre au moins une poutrelle d'extrémité (72) qui comprend :
    - une poutrelle supérieure (74) dont un axe de poutrelle supérieure (L3) s'étend dans un plan de poutrelle d'extrémité dans une direction principale de poutrelle d'extrémité ;
    - une poutrelle inférieure (76) dont un axe de poutrelle inférieure (L4) s'étend parallèlement à la direction principale de poutrelle d'extrémité dans le plan de poutrelle d'extrémité ;
    - un nombre de tubes de connexion (78) qui interconnectent la poutrelle supérieure (74) et la poutrelle inférieure (76) l'une avec l'autre ;
    - deux accouplements à coin de poutrelle d'extrémité (80) qui comportent chacun un corps (82) qui est connecté de manière fixe respectivement à une première et à une deuxième extrémité de la poutrelle supérieure (74), dans lequel chaque corps (82) est pourvu d'un espace récepteur (84) qui s'étend perpendiculairement au plan de poutrelle d'extrémité, dans lequel chaque accouplement à coin de poutrelle d'extrémité (80) comporte un coin (86) qui est connecté de façon mobile au corps (82) de l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle d'extrémité (80), dans lequel chaque accouplement à coin de poutrelle d'extrémité (80) fournit une connexion à transmission de force avec un montant associé (112) quand le coin (86) est dans un état de fixation ;
    - deux accouplements de support de poutrelle d'extrémité (88) qui comportent chacun une plaque de support (90) s'étendant perpendiculairement au plan de poutrelle d'extrémité, qui est connectée de manière fixe respectivement à une première et une deuxième extrémité de la poutrelle inférieure (76), dans lequel chaque accouplement de support de poutrelle d'extrémité (88) comporte au moins un ergot de positionnement (92) connecté à la plaque de support (90), qui se trouve sur un côté de la plaque de support (90) qui n'est pas orienté vers la poutrelle supérieure (74).
  11. Système d'échafaudage selon la revendication 10, qui pour former une plate-forme suspendue comprend au moins :
    - deux desdites poutrelles pivotantes (10, 10') selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 8 ;
    - une poutrelle d'extrémité telle que mentionnée (72) ;
    - une paire de premiers montants (12, 12') qui sont pourvus chacun soit d'un moyen de suspension, soit d'un vérin de base (70) pour supporter le montant respectif (12, 12'), un ensemble de connecteur pivotant (38, 38') d'une poutrelle pivotante associée (10, 10') parmi les deux poutrelles pivotantes étant connecté à chaque montant (12, 12') de la paire de premiers montants ;
    - deux montants suspendus (112, 112') pourvus d'un moyen de suspension pour fixer les deux montants suspendus (112, 112') sur une construction en hauteur, telle qu'un pont, un toit ou une poutre,
    dans lequel chacun des deux montants suspendus (112, 112') est connecté à l'accouplement de support de poutrelle fixe (48, 48') et à l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle fixe (40, 40') d'une poutrelle pivotante associée (10, 10') parmi lesdites deux poutrelles pivotantes,
    dans lequel chaque extrémité de la poutrelle d'extrémité (72) est connectée à l'un desdits montants suspendus (112, 112') ; et
    - des parties de plancher (94) qui reposent sur et s'étendent transversalement aux deux poutrelles pivotantes (10, 10').
  12. Système d'échafaudage selon la revendication 11, comprenant :
    - une contrefiche diagonale (96) qui relie une rosace (114) d'un montant suspendu (112) à une rosace (14') d'un montant (12') de ladite paire de premiers montants (12, 12'), et dont la longueur est telle que dans l'état monté de la contrefiche diagonale (96), la direction principale de la poutrelle supérieure (20) de la poutrelle pivotante (10) qui est connectée au montant suspendu respectif (112) s'étend perpendiculairement à la solive (62) qui s'étend entre les deux montants (12, 12') de la paire de premiers montants (12, 12').
  13. Système d'échafaudage selon la revendication 11 ou 12, dans lequel le moyen de suspension d'un montant suspendu (112) comprend :
    - une tige (120) qui est pourvue d'un filetage extérieur et qui s'étend à travers le montant suspendu (112) ;
    - un écrou de support (122) qui, dans l'état monté, supporte une face inférieure du montant suspendu (112) ;
    - un premier contre-écrou (124) qui bloque la position de l'écrou de support (122) sur la tige (120) ;
    - un tendeur à vis rotatif (126) qui est pourvu d'un filetage intérieur avec lequel il est connecté à une extrémité supérieure de la tige (120) ;
    - un deuxième contre-écrou (128) qui bloque la position du tendeur à vis rotatif (126) sur la tige (120) ;
    - un moyen de fixation (130, 132, 134) avec lequel le tendeur à vis rotatif (126) est connecté à rotation et qui est configuré pour la fixation du tendeur à vis rotatif (126) sur une construction en hauteur, telle qu'un pont, un toit ou une poutre.
  14. Procédé pour ériger une plateforme suspendue, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - fournir un système d'échafaudage selon la combinaison des revendications 12 et 13 ;
    - monter de manière stable la paire de premiers montants (12, 12') en utilisant soit leurs moyens de suspension, soit leurs vérins de base (70) et en interconnectant les premiers montants (12, 12') de la paire avec au moins une solive (62) ;
    - connecter l'ensemble de connecteur pivotant (38) de la première poutrelle pivotante (10) avec un premier montant (12) de la paire de premiers montants (12, 12') ;
    - fixer un montant suspendu (112) pourvu d'un moyen de suspension à l'accouplement de support de poutrelle fixe (34) et à l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle fixe (26) de la première poutrelle pivotante (10) ;
    - connecter l'ensemble de connecteur pivotant (38') de la deuxième poutrelle pivotante (10') avec un deuxième montant (12') de la paire de premiers montants (12, 12') ;
    - fixer un montant suspendu (112') pourvu d'un moyen de suspension à l'accouplement de support de poutrelle fixe (34') et à l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle fixe (26') de la deuxième poutrelle pivotante (10') ;
    - déployer la première poutrelle pivotante (10) et la deuxième poutrelle pivotante (10'), puis placer la contrefiche diagonale (96) pour fixer la première poutrelle pivotante (10) dans une position dans laquelle la direction principale de la poutrelle supérieure (20) de la première poutrelle pivotante (10) s'étend perpendiculairement à ladite au moins une solive (62) qui relie les deux montants (12, 12') de la paire de premiers montants l'un à l'autre ;
    - mettre en place les parties de plancher (94) sur les deux poutrelles pivotantes (10, 10') ;
    - connecter la poutrelle d'extrémité (72) aux rosaces (114, 114') des deux montants suspendus (112, 112') ; et
    - fixer le moyen de suspension des deux montants suspendus (112, 112') à une construction en hauteur, telle qu'un pont, un toit ou une poutre.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - avant le déploiement d'une première et d'une deuxième poutrelle pivotante (10, 10'), connecter avec les montants suspendus (112, 112') au moins une solive de sécurité (140, 140') à une rosace (114, 114') qui se trouve au-dessus des rosaces (114, 114') avec lesquelles la poutrelle pivotante respective (10, 10') est connectée au montant suspendu (112, 112') ;
    - après le déploiement de la poutrelle pivotante respective (10, 10'), connecter ladite au moins une solive de sécurité (140) à une rosace (14, 14') du montant (12, 12') de la paire de premiers montants (12, 12') auquel la poutrelle pivotante respective (10, 10') est connectée.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 14 ou 15, comprenant l'étape suivante :
    - directement avant ou directement après la mise en place de la poutrelle d'extrémité (72), fixer au moins une solive de sécurité (142) qui s'étend entre les deux montants suspendus (112, 112') et qui est connectée aux rosaces (114, 114') des montants suspendus (112, 112') qui sont au-dessus des rosaces (114, 114') des montants suspendus (112, 112') auxquels la poutrelle d'extrémité (72) est connectée.
  17. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 16, dans lequel la connexion de l'ensemble de connecteur pivotant (38) de la première poutrelle pivotante (10) avec un premier montant (12) de la paire de montants (12, 12') et/ou la connexion de l'ensemble de connecteur pivotant (38') de la deuxième poutrelle pivotante (10') avec un deuxième montant (12') de la paire de montants (12, 12') comprend les opérations suivantes :
    - insérer ledit au moins un ergot de positionnement (52) de l'accouplement de support de poutrelle pivotable (48) dans une première rosace (14, 14') d'un montant respectif (12, 12') ;
    - incliner la poutrelle pivotante respective (10, 10') dans une position dans laquelle le plan de poutrelle pivotante s'étend substantiellement verticalement et une rosace supérieure (14, 14') est reçue dans l'espace récepteur (44) de l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle pivotable (40) ;
    - insérer le coin (46) de l'accouplement à coin de poutrelle pivotable (40) dans un évidement d'accouplement (18) de la rosace supérieure (14) puis frapper le coin (46) à l'aide d'un marteau.
  18. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 17, dans lequel la connexion de la poutrelle d'extrémité (72) aux rosaces (114, 114') des deux montants suspendus (112, 112') comprend les opérations suivantes :
    - insérer les ergots de positionnement (92) des deux accouplements de support de poutrelle d'extrémité (88) dans deux rosaces (114, 114') des deux montants suspendus (112, 112') qui sont positionnés à un niveau égal ;
    - incliner la poutrelle d'extrémité (72) dans une position dans laquelle le plan de poutrelle d'extrémité s'étend substantiellement verticalement et les deux rosaces supérieures (114, 114') des montants suspendus respectifs (112, 112') sont reçues dans les espaces récepteurs (84) de deux accouplements à coin de poutrelle d'extrémité (80) associés ;
    - insérer le coin (86) de chaque accouplement à coin de poutrelle d'extrémité (80) dans un évidement d'accouplement (18) de la rosace supérieure associée (114, 114') puis frapper le coin (86) à l'aide d'un marteau.
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