EP3363029B1 - Kompakter trockentransformator mit einer elektrischen wicklung und verfahren zur herstellung einer elektrischen wicklung - Google Patents

Kompakter trockentransformator mit einer elektrischen wicklung und verfahren zur herstellung einer elektrischen wicklung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3363029B1
EP3363029B1 EP17702601.0A EP17702601A EP3363029B1 EP 3363029 B1 EP3363029 B1 EP 3363029B1 EP 17702601 A EP17702601 A EP 17702601A EP 3363029 B1 EP3363029 B1 EP 3363029B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
formulation
filler
electrical winding
winding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17702601.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3363029A1 (de
Inventor
Bernd Hofmann
Benedikt Hönisch
Tim-Felix Mai
Christian Seidel
Steffen Weinert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3363029A1 publication Critical patent/EP3363029A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3363029B1 publication Critical patent/EP3363029B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/327—Encapsulating or impregnating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/288—Shielding
    • H01F27/2885—Shielding with shields or electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
    • H01F27/363—Electric or magnetic shields or screens made of electrically conductive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
    • H01F41/06—Coil winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
    • H01F41/12—Insulating of windings
    • H01F41/127—Encapsulating or impregnating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F2027/329—Insulation with semiconducting layer, e.g. to reduce corona effect

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the coating of an insulating body of a dry-type transformer.
  • Dry transformers are power transformers that are used in power engineering to transform voltages of up to approx. 36 kV on the high-voltage side.
  • a low-voltage winding and a high-voltage winding are arranged coaxially around one leg of a core.
  • the winding with the lower voltage is referred to as the low-voltage winding
  • the winding with the higher voltage is referred to as the high-voltage winding.
  • Both windings are embedded in a solid insulating material; in the case of the high-voltage winding, a casting resin is often used for this.
  • Such a dry-type transformer is out of the EP 1133779 B1 famous.
  • a coating which is preferably made of a semiconducting material, is provided on the surface of the solid insulating body in which an electrical winding, that is to say in particular an upper and / or lower voltage winding wound into a coil, is embedded.
  • a transformer with first and second windings is known, the windings being embedded in a resin such as an epoxy resin and / or a urethane resin.
  • an electrical winding according to claim 1 in particular a high-voltage winding, is provided for a dry-type transformer with a winding conductor that is wound in several turns to form a coil, the coil being embedded in a solid insulating body, with a coating on at least one surface of the insulating body a certain sheet resistance is provided, the coating by applying a formulation, which as Solvent contains water, can be produced and a resin component and at least one Comprises microscale and electrically conductive filler, where electrically conductive filler is present in a particle size in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 2 mm, the coating is filled at least bimodally, i.e. at least two filler particle fractions are present in the coating and that by setting the ratio of at least two filler particle fractions in the formulation of the defined sheet resistance of the coating can be adjusted.
  • a formulation which as Solvent contains water
  • the winding conductor can be a foil conductor, a strip conductor or a wire conductor.
  • the coil is embedded in an insulating body made of a solid insulating material. A casting resin is often used for this, with which the coil is cast and which is cured after the casting. The result is a mechanically stable winding in the form of a hollow cylinder, the coil of which is well protected from environmental influences.
  • a coating of a resin mixture with a microscale and electrically conductive filler according to claim 1 is applied to at least one surface of the insulating body.
  • the filler is in the form of at least one microscale filler fraction whose filler content makes up more than 20% by weight and / or more than 10% by volume of the coating.
  • At least two filler particle fractions in the coating There are at least two filler particle fractions in the coating. It is particularly advantageous if the at least two filler fractions have microscale filler particles.
  • a particular advantage here is that a defined sheet resistance can be determined by the ratio in which at least two filler fractions are present in the coating.
  • the coating can be produced by applying a formulation.
  • a processable, ie preferably flowable, mixture of an uncured resin component with a hardener, either as two separate components or in one component, is mixed with filler and applied in solution to a surface.
  • This formulation is then cured on the surface, for example by a thermal and / or UV-initiated reaction, to form the finished coating.
  • the resin matrix is in the form of a 2-component system made up of resin and hardener.
  • a water-soluble 2-component system is particularly advantageous because organic solvents, which are generally considered to be environmentally hazardous, are avoided in the production of the coating.
  • Hardener and / or resin components can be processed in an aqueous solution.
  • a one- or two-component resin system is used, which is environmentally friendly, through the use of water-based solvents.
  • aqueous polyurethane-acrylate resin system more far-reaching ecological aspects can be implemented, such as dispensing with recycling or post-combustion of the solvent. This also facilitates occupational safety for the operator and / or the manufacturer, such as a painter, for example.
  • water-based solvents are sufficient for producing the formulation which is applied to at least one surface of the insulating body to produce the coating.
  • a material is considered to be electrically conductive if the electrical resistance is less than 10 8 ⁇ / ⁇ .
  • a material is considered an insulator or non-conductive.
  • the coating should be applied at least to the inner circumferential surface of the insulating body, preferably also to the end faces.
  • the coating is particularly preferably applied to the entire surface of the insulating body, that is to say in addition to the inner circumferential surface and the end faces also on the outer circumferential surface.
  • the electrical field of the electrical winding is largely reduced in the cast resin and is thus reduced outside the winding to a size that allows the distance to other components of the transformer such as the core or low-voltage winding to be smaller, which makes it more compact Construction allows.
  • the coating is preferably made of a semiconducting material.
  • a material is regarded as semiconducting among experts and within the meaning of the invention if its specific resistance is less than 10 8 ⁇ / ⁇ and greater than 10 1 ⁇ / ⁇ . Since an electrically conductive coating, in particular one of the entire surface, of a winding represents a short-circuit winding, a current will flow in this which represents a power loss generated. This power loss can be limited with a coating made of a semiconducting material.
  • Suitable conductive or semiconducting coatings are based on a resin system into which a microscale semiconducting filler is incorporated, advantageously in an amount of more than 20% by weight and / or 10% by volume, in particular in the range from 20% by weight to 80% by weight, particularly preferred between 50% by weight and 60% by weight and / or the corresponding volume percentage limits in the case of light, in particular hollow, filler particles.
  • a two-component resin system with a first component selected from the group of the following resins: epoxy, polyurethane, acrylate, polyimide and / or polyester resin system, and any mixtures, copolymers and blends of the aforementioned resins is suitable for this.
  • a second component for example, a hardener tailored to the respective resin, such as amine, acid anhydride, peroxide, polyisocyanate, in particular aliphatic polyisocyanate, is added to the formulation.
  • a water-soluble hardener component is used because of its environmental compatibility, because the solvent does not need to be burned afterwards and the use of organic solvents is generally environmentally disadvantageous in terms of sustainability.
  • the formulation has a certain processing time in which it is applied as an uncrosslinked formulation for coating on at least one surface of the insulating body.
  • the application is carried out, for example, by spraying, spraying, brushing, rolling and / or by immersion.
  • the formulation crosslinks and achieves stability with respect to environmental influences, solar radiation, mechanical stress, etc.
  • Crosslinking is supported, for example, by heating.
  • the coating has a stability at temperatures of up to 170.degree.
  • the defined electrical conductivity is achieved by adding two filler fractions. At least two fractions of a microscale filler are added to the formulation. This is present in the dry matter of the formulation and / or in the coating in an amount of more than 20% by weight and / or 10% by volume, it can even be present in an amount of up to 80% by weight of the dry matter, but is preferably in the range from 35% by weight to 75% by weight, in particular from 40% by weight to 60% by weight of the dry matter of the formulation and / or the corresponding percent by volume in the case of light filler particles.
  • the filler used is a microscale filler with an average grain size D 50 in the range from 1 ⁇ m to 2 mm.
  • the mean grain size is advantageously in the range from 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, particularly preferably in the range from 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the filler can comprise all types of filler particle shapes.
  • globular fillers can be mixed with platelet-shaped fillers.
  • the limit of at least 20% by weight is assumed as the lower limit by the corresponding volume percent, for example approximately 10 volume%.
  • the filler particles are preferably made of semiconducting material.
  • the material can be conductive carbon black, conductive graphite, graphite, metal oxide and / or metal nitride and any mixtures thereof.
  • the filler particles can equally well comprise a core with a shell or a core with a coating.
  • the filler particles can also be hollow; in particular, hollow fibers and / or hollow spheres can also be used for the purposes of the invention alone or in combination with other filler particle fractions.
  • a core made of, for example, mica and coated with semiconducting material is used as filler.
  • a filler made of a quartz powder with a coating and any mixtures of coated and uncoated filler particles are also used here as filler.
  • Both metals, metal oxides and doped metal oxides are advantageously used as semiconducting coatings.
  • Semiconducting hollow spheres, hollow fibers or shells can also be used as filler particles. The lower limit for these very light filler particles is then approximately 10 percent by volume of the filling level in the coating.
  • the fillers can be used multimodally, that is to say in different filler particle sizes and / or filler particle shapes.
  • a wide range of properties can be created in the coating through a suitable choice of material of the filler particles, filler particle size, filler particle shape, filler particle structure, grain size distribution, size of the specific surface and / or surface activity of the filler.
  • the coating preferably has a specific sheet resistance, also called sheet resistance, of 10 2 ⁇ / ⁇ to 10 5 ⁇ / ⁇ , preferably 10 3 ⁇ / ⁇ to 10 4 ⁇ / ⁇ .
  • the electrical winding exhibits this sheet resistance when it is new. This can change as a result of aging, environmental influences or pollution.
  • a sheet resistance of this order of magnitude limits the power loss particularly effectively, on the other hand, it still offers enough leeway for a reduction in surface resistance due to contamination.
  • the thickness of the coating is at least in the range of the filler particle size, for example in the range from 1 ⁇ m to 5 mm, preferably in the range from 30 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, in particular in the range from 70 ⁇ m to 130 ⁇ m.
  • a mixture of a filler fraction with coated filler particles such as mica particles coated with semiconducting metal oxide, and a filler fraction of a semiconducting material such as a conductive carbon black is used in the formulation for the coating.
  • the two filler fractions can, for example, be present in a ratio of 1: 1 or there can be different amounts, the ratios of coated filler particles to uncoated filler particles in the range from 0.5 to 2.5, preferably from 0.7 to 1.5 and in particular preferably from 0.8 to 1.2 are in use.
  • the coating is applied by brushing and / or a spraying process.
  • application by spraying ensures, on the one hand, a uniform layer thickness and, on the other hand, prevents air inclusions, which would lead to partial discharges.
  • the coating is electrically grounded. As a result, the electric field outside the winding is particularly effectively reduced.
  • the coating can be applied to the entire surface or only to parts of the surface of the insulating body, as already described.
  • the insulating body is made of an epoxy resin, for example, a certain surface roughness of the insulating body on the sides to be coated being advantageous for the adhesion of the coating to the surface.
  • a dispersing additive for example a surfactant and / or an ionic-based additive, can be added to the formulation.
  • Such a method can be used to produce an electrical winding, the electrical field of which is largely shielded by the coating, and which, when used in a dry-type transformer, enables a more compact design.
  • the coating is preferably a lacquer.
  • the coating can be applied by spraying, spraying, brushing, rolling and / or as a dip coating. Several of the processes mentioned can be used in succession or at the same time to apply the formulation.
  • the surface of the insulating body is treated before the formulation is applied, so that good adhesion of the formulation and then the coating on the insulating body are ensured.
  • the coating is preferably made of a semiconducting material.
  • the coating is particularly preferably applied in a spray process, as a result of which a particularly uniform layer thickness can be achieved.
  • Figure 1 shows a graph in which the aging of a semiconducting coating according to the present invention is shown within 150 days at 170 ° C. After the coating has solidified within the first few days, a stable retention of the defined sheet resistance can be seen despite the storage at 170 ° C during the entire observation period of at least half a year.
  • Resin component for example an acrylate or polyurethane or a polyurethane-acrylate mixture 530
  • Hardener component for example an isocyanate or polyisocyanate 162 Coated mica 300
  • Conductive particle filler such as graphite 300 Dispersing additive + 30% (filler) 180 Total mass (dry): 1180
  • the invention relates to an electrical winding for a dry-type transformer, which allows a compact dry-type transformer to be built even with higher voltage classes.
  • the electrical winding has several turns of a winding conductor wound into a coil.
  • the coil is embedded in a solid insulating body.
  • an electrical winding in particular high-voltage winding, for a dry-type transformer with winding conductor, which is wound in several turns to form a coil, the coil being embedded in a solid insulating body, is provided, with a coating with a specific sheet resistance being provided on at least one surface of the insulating body is,
  • the coating can be produced by applying a formulation which contains water as a solvent and comprises a resin component and at least one microscale and electrically conductive filler, the filler having a particle size in the range from 1 ⁇ m to 2 mm, the coating being at least bimodal , that is, at least two filler particle fractions are present in the coating and that the defined sheet resistance of the coating can be set by setting the ratio of at least two filler particle fractions in the formulation.
  • a coating of an electrically conductive material comprising a resin matrix and microscale filler, is applied to at least one surface of the insulating body.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Insulating Of Coils (AREA)
EP17702601.0A 2016-02-17 2017-01-30 Kompakter trockentransformator mit einer elektrischen wicklung und verfahren zur herstellung einer elektrischen wicklung Active EP3363029B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016202391.8A DE102016202391A1 (de) 2016-02-17 2016-02-17 Kompakter Trockentransformator mit einer elektrischen Wicklung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrischen Wicklung
PCT/EP2017/051934 WO2017140482A1 (de) 2016-02-17 2017-01-30 Kompakter trockentransformator mit einer elektrischen wicklung und verfahren zur herstellung einer elektrischen wicklung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3363029A1 EP3363029A1 (de) 2018-08-22
EP3363029B1 true EP3363029B1 (de) 2021-07-28

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17702601.0A Active EP3363029B1 (de) 2016-02-17 2017-01-30 Kompakter trockentransformator mit einer elektrischen wicklung und verfahren zur herstellung einer elektrischen wicklung

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US11569026B2 (pt)
EP (1) EP3363029B1 (pt)
CN (1) CN108701534B (pt)
BR (1) BR112018015583B1 (pt)
DE (1) DE102016202391A1 (pt)
RU (1) RU2711349C1 (pt)
WO (1) WO2017140482A1 (pt)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016202391A1 (de) 2016-02-17 2017-08-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kompakter Trockentransformator mit einer elektrischen Wicklung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrischen Wicklung
AT518664B1 (de) 2016-04-22 2017-12-15 Trench Austria Gmbh HGÜ-Luftdrosselspule und Verfahren zur Herstellung
EP3791413B1 (en) 2018-06-07 2023-08-02 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Shielded coil assemblies and methods for dry-type transformers
CN111091967B (zh) * 2018-10-24 2021-11-19 哈尔滨工业大学 一种磁聚焦霍尔推力器的线圈固化方法
CN113223814B (zh) 2021-05-07 2023-03-24 浙江江山变压器股份有限公司 一种采用聚氨酯树脂浇注成型的干式变压器及其加工方法

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WO2008031015A1 (en) * 2006-09-08 2008-03-13 Sun Chemical Corporation Highly conductive water-based ink

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CA898921A (en) * 1968-04-11 1972-04-25 Trench Electric Limited Metalized encapsulated coil and method of making the same
US3517361A (en) * 1968-06-19 1970-06-23 Stevens Arnold Inc Shielded transformer
SU1645026A1 (ru) 1988-06-27 1991-04-30 Научно-Производственное Объединение "Саниири" Способ получени изол ционных покрытий
US5545250A (en) * 1993-07-30 1996-08-13 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polytype electroconductive powders
RU2107350C1 (ru) 1996-08-09 1998-03-20 Акционерное общество открытого типа "Свердловский завод трансформаторов тока" Литой трансформатор
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FR2784787B1 (fr) * 1998-10-20 2002-10-11 France Transfo Sa Transformateur sec de puissance ou de distribution de l'energie electrique
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US9214273B2 (en) * 2013-06-11 2015-12-15 Abb Technology Ag Radial drop winding for open-wound medium voltage dry type transformers with improved support structure
EP3144944A1 (de) 2015-09-18 2017-03-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische wicklung, trockentransformator mit einer solchen elektrischen wicklung und verfahren zur herstellung einer elektrischen wicklung
DE102016202391A1 (de) 2016-02-17 2017-08-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kompakter Trockentransformator mit einer elektrischen Wicklung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrischen Wicklung

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108701534A (zh) 2018-10-23
WO2017140482A1 (de) 2017-08-24
US20210210279A1 (en) 2021-07-08
CN108701534B (zh) 2021-12-10
BR112018015583A2 (pt) 2018-12-26
EP3363029A1 (de) 2018-08-22
RU2711349C1 (ru) 2020-01-16
US11569026B2 (en) 2023-01-31
BR112018015583B1 (pt) 2023-05-09
DE102016202391A1 (de) 2017-08-31
BR112018015583A8 (pt) 2023-04-11

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