EP3361085B1 - Soupape de commutation électromagnétique et pompe haute pression à carburant - Google Patents

Soupape de commutation électromagnétique et pompe haute pression à carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3361085B1
EP3361085B1 EP17155946.1A EP17155946A EP3361085B1 EP 3361085 B1 EP3361085 B1 EP 3361085B1 EP 17155946 A EP17155946 A EP 17155946A EP 3361085 B1 EP3361085 B1 EP 3361085B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
pole piece
magnet
pole
switching valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17155946.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3361085A1 (fr
Inventor
Sascha PIEPER
Yavuz Kurt
Michael Mauer
Rainer Weber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vitesco Technologies GmbH
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Vitesco Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to EP17155946.1A priority Critical patent/EP3361085B1/fr
Publication of EP3361085A1 publication Critical patent/EP3361085A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3361085B1 publication Critical patent/EP3361085B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0689—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means and permanent magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0689—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means and permanent magnets
    • F02M51/0692—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means and permanent magnets as valve or armature return means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/09—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for reducing noise
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/20—Fuel-injection apparatus with permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic switching valve for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, as well as a high-pressure fuel pump which has such an electromagnetic switching valve.
  • High-pressure fuel pumps in fuel injection systems in internal combustion engines are used to apply a high pressure to a fuel, the pressure being in the range from 150 bar to 400 bar for gasoline internal combustion engines and in the range from 1500 bar to 2500 bar for diesel internal combustion engines.
  • the higher the pressure that can be generated in the respective fuel the lower the emissions that arise during the combustion of the fuel in a combustion chamber, which is particularly advantageous against the background that a reduction in emissions is increasingly desired.
  • valve arrangements can be provided at various positions along the path that the fuel takes from a tank to the respective combustion chamber, for example as an inlet valve or outlet valve on a high-pressure fuel pump that pressurizes the fuel, but also, for example, as a relief valve at various positions of the fuel injection system, for example on a common rail, which stores the pressurized fuel before it is injected into the combustion chamber.
  • fast-switching solenoid valves are often used for volume flow and / or pressure control.
  • a return spring usually stops Closing element of a valve area of such an electromagnetic switching valve open or closed against a volume flow.
  • the associated actuator area that is, the magnetic actuator which opens or closes the closing element, is designed in such a way that the actuator force of the magnetic actuator can override the restoring force of the restoring spring in a predetermined time in order to switch the switching valve.
  • switching valves are accordingly constructed as a combination of a switching magnet, which operates the magnet actuator, with a hydraulic system switched by this, the valve area. During operation, two switching states of the hydraulic system, an open position and a closed position, are achieved.
  • the electromagnetic switching valve has a movable armature and a fixed pole piece in the actuator area, which are normally kept at a distance from one another by the return spring.
  • a solenoid in the actuator area By activating a solenoid in the actuator area with electric current, a magnetic field is built up that creates a magnetic force of attraction between the armature and the pole piece, which causes these two elements to move towards one another, until the armature and the pole piece touch.
  • a critical source of noise can be the electromagnetic switching valve, which is arranged, for example, on the high-pressure fuel pump, and which generates a high level of background noise due to mechanically moving components such as the armature. This is because a large proportion of the background noise generated is caused by the impact of the moving armature into the pole piece.
  • a chrome layer is usually provided on the armature and / or on the pole piece. This then acts as a magnetic separating layer.
  • a return spring is usually provided in order to keep the armature and the pole piece at a distance in the de-energized state of the solenoid with a corresponding restoring force.
  • the return spring can hold the hydraulics in a closed position, but there are also electromagnetic switching valves that are held in the open position by the return spring when de-energized (normally open switching valve).
  • the pamphlet DE 37 04 542 A1 discloses a fuel injection valve for an internal combustion engine with an electromagnet which has an armature connected to a sealing element.
  • the armature has a permanent magnetic material and interacts with a rod-shaped permanent magnet core in a tubular support body, the magnetic lines of force of the magnet core being opposite to those of the armature and the electromagnet being magnetizable opposite to the magnet core. In this way, a mass that is moved when the injection valve is actuated is intended to be kept small and the injection valve to be highly dynamic.
  • the pamphlet U.S. 4,637,554 A discloses an electromagnetic fuel injector with a magnetic stop to improve the movability of a valve element and the response time of the injector.
  • the injection valve has a spring-loaded valve element which can be moved electromagnetically between a sealing and an opening state. The movement of the valve element away from the valve seat is limited by a stationary stop element and a flange attached to the valve element.
  • the stopper member and the flange have opposing surfaces to which magnets of the same polarity are attached to shorten the time required for the valve closing movement of the valve member.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic switching valve which is improved with regard to the generation of noise during operation.
  • a high-pressure fuel pump which has such an electromagnetic switching valve is the subject of the independent claim.
  • An electromagnetic switching valve for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine has a valve area with a closing element and with a valve seat, which cooperate to close the switching valve.
  • the electromagnetic switching valve further comprises an actuator area for moving the closing element with an actuator force along a movement axis.
  • the actuator area has a fixed pole piece and an armature which is movable along the axis of movement and which is coupled to the closing element for moving the closing element and which moves towards the pole piece along the axis of movement during operation.
  • the armature has an armature magnet and the pole piece has a pole piece magnet. The armature magnet and the pole piece magnet are arranged in such a way that a magnetic repulsive force acts between them during operation.
  • the actuator area has a solenoid for generating a magnetic force of attraction between the armature and the pole piece, the solenoid being designed in such a way that the force of attraction generated during operation suppresses the magnetic repulsive force acting by the armature magnet and the pole piece magnet, and the armature magnet and the pole piece magnet are designed in such a way that when the armature and the pole piece approach, the magnetic repulsive force exceeds the force of attraction before the armature and the pole piece touch.
  • the magnetic repulsive force is advantageously so great that the electromagnetic switching valve, if it is designed as a switching valve that is open without current, can be kept completely open, which is why the restoring spring previously used can advantageously be dispensed with, which also leads to a Cost savings leads.
  • the armature magnet or the pole piece magnet can each be designed either as a permanent magnet or, alternatively, as an electromagnet. That is, either both can be designed as permanent magnets or both as electromagnets, or one as a permanent magnet and the other as an electromagnet.
  • Permanent magnets have the advantage that they are also effective in the de-energized state, while electromagnets have the advantage that they can be switched on or off as required.
  • the magnetic forces i.e. the force of attraction and the force of repulsion, are therefore ideally designed so that when the electromagnetic switching valve, in particular the solenoid, is actuated, the armature can be attracted by the pole piece in order to enable the switching valve to be closed or opened however, contact between the armature and the pole piece due to the repulsive force is avoided.
  • the armature has a pole piece approach surface and the pole piece has an armature approach surface, which are arranged facing each other.
  • the armature magnet is attached to the pole piece approach area and the pole piece magnet is attached to the armature approach area.
  • One of the two magnets is therefore preferably firmly attached to the pole piece and the other to the armature. This is a particularly simple embodiment in order to provide magnets between the armature and the pole piece, which magnets generate a magnetic repulsive force between the armature and the pole piece.
  • an armature magnetic surface forms the pole piece approach surface. Additionally or alternatively, it is also possible that a pole piece magnetic surface forms the armature approach surface. If the armature magnet or pole piece magnet are accordingly arranged on the armature or pole piece in such a way that the surfaces which move towards one another during operation are completely formed by the respective magnets, flush surfaces without a shoulder are advantageously created.
  • the armature it is also possible for the armature to have an armature recess and the pole piece to have a pole piece recess, the armature magnet being arranged in the armature recess and the pole piece magnet being arranged in the pole piece recess.
  • commercially available magnets can easily be introduced into a corresponding recess in the armature or pole piece.
  • the armature magnet is arranged in the armature recess in such a way that it forms a flush armature surface with the pole piece approach surface. It is also advantageous if the pole piece magnet is in such a way Pole piece recess is arranged that it forms a flush pole piece surface with the armature approach surface.
  • the armature magnet or the pole piece magnet can be arranged in the respective recess in such a way that a protrusion is formed which particularly strengthens a magnetic repulsive force at the point where the pole piece and armature come particularly close.
  • the armature magnet and / or the pole piece magnet are designed as ring-shaped magnets.
  • Armature magnet or pole piece magnet can, however, also be provided in any desired shape and number, depending on which embodiments can be provided simply and inexpensively on the armature or pole piece.
  • the armature or pole piece magnet can be placed in the middle of the armature or pole piece, where the return spring is otherwise located. Additionally could
  • Armature or pole piece magnet are isolated on three of four sides in order to direct the magnetic flux.
  • An advantageous high-pressure fuel pump for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine has the electromagnetic switching valve described above.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic overview of a fuel injection system 10 of an internal combustion engine, which delivers a fuel 12 from a tank 14 via a pre-feed pump 16, a high-pressure fuel pump 18 and a high-pressure fuel reservoir 20 to injectors 22, which then inject the fuel 12 into combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel 12 is introduced into the high-pressure fuel pump 18 via an inlet valve 24, released from the high-pressure fuel pump 18 under pressure via an outlet valve 26, and then fed to the high-pressure fuel reservoir 20.
  • a pressure regulating valve 28 is arranged on the high-pressure fuel reservoir 20 in order to be able to regulate the pressure of the fuel 12 in the high-pressure fuel reservoir 20.
  • Both the inlet valve 24 and the outlet valve 26 and also the pressure regulating valve 28 can be designed as electromagnetic switching valves 30 and can therefore be actively operated.
  • Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal sectional view of such an electromagnetic switching valve 30, which is designed as an inlet valve 24.
  • the electromagnetic switching valve 30 is located in a housing bore 32 of a housing 34 of the high-pressure fuel pump 18 Fig. 1 arranged.
  • the electromagnetic switching valve 30 has a valve area 36 and an actuator area 38, the actuator area 38 having a stationary pole piece 40 and an armature 44 movable along a movement axis 42.
  • the valve region 36 comprises a valve seat 46 and a closing element 48, which cooperate to close the electromagnetic switching valve 30.
  • pole piece 40 and the armature 44 are received together in a sleeve 50, although this need not necessarily be the case.
  • a solenoid 52 is pushed onto the sleeve 50 and is thus arranged around the pole piece 40 and the armature 44 in the actuator region 38.
  • the armature 44 and the pole piece 40 are arranged directly adjacent to one another so that an armature approach surface 54 and a pole piece approach surface 56 are directly opposite one another.
  • the armature 44 is coupled to an actuation pin 58 which, during operation, moves with the armature 44 along the axis of movement 42.
  • the actuating pin 58 pushes the closing element 48 away from the valve seat 46 or has no contact with it the closing element 48, so that when a force acts from the opposite side, it can move onto the valve seat 46 and thus close the switching valve 30.
  • the electromagnetic switching valve 30 is designed as a normally open switching valve, but it is also possible to design the electromagnetic switching valve 30 as a normally closed switching valve 30, wherein the actuating pin 58 has no contact with the closing element 48 in the initial state.
  • the solenoid 52 When the electromagnetic switching valve 30 is energized, the solenoid 52 generates a magnetic field in the electromagnetic switching valve 30, which results in a magnetic force of attraction F AN between the pole piece 40 and the armature 44. As a result, the armature 44 is pulled with its pole piece approach surface 56 in the direction of the armature approach surface 54 of the pole piece 40. The armature 44 takes the actuating pin 58 with it, so that it loses contact with the closing element 48 and the closing element 48 can thus return to the valve seat 46.
  • the armature 44 has an armature magnet 60 and the pole piece 40 has a pole piece magnet 62.
  • the armature magnet 60 and the pole piece magnet 62 are arranged in such a way that a magnetic repulsive force F AB acts between them during operation.
  • the armature magnet 60 and the pole piece magnet 62 are both designed as permanent magnets. However, it is also possible to provide both magnets 60, 62, or even just a single one of them, as electromagnets which are switched when required.
  • the poles of armature magnet 60 and pole piece magnet 62 are directed towards one another with the same polarity, so that the magnetic repulsive force F AB can act.
  • the magnetic repulsive force F AB acts in exactly the opposite way to the magnetic attraction F AN induced by the solenoid 52 between armature 44 and pole piece 40.
  • the solenoid 52 is designed so that, when it is switched on, it can generate a magnetic attractive force F AN in the actuator area 38 in the initial state, which can suppress the magnetic repulsive force F AB between the two magnets 60, 62.
  • solenoid 52, armature magnet 60 and pole piece magnet 62 are also designed in such a way that armature 44 and pole piece 40 cannot come into contact with one another despite the acting magnetic attraction force F AN from solenoid 52.
  • the magnetic repulsive force F AB between armature magnet 60 and pole piece magnet 62 becomes so great as the distance between armature 44 and pole piece 40 decreases that the solenoid 52 can no longer override the repulsive force F AB with its resulting attractive force F AN.
  • the armature magnet 60 and the pole piece magnet 62 are also designed in terms of their repulsive force F AB so that the switching valve 30 can be kept open in a de-energized state, that is to say when the solenoid 52 is switched off, the previously provided return spring between armature 44 and pole piece 40 can even be dispensed with.
  • this return spring can also optionally continue to be arranged between armature 44 and pole piece 40, depending on the design of the resulting magnetic repulsive force F AB .
  • the armature 44 has an armature recess 64 and the pole piece 40 has a pole piece recess 66, the armature magnet 60 being arranged in the armature recess 64, and the pole piece magnet 62 being arranged in the pole piece recess 66.
  • the magnets 60, 62 are arranged in their respective recesses 64, 66 in such a way that they each end flush with the respective surface of armature 44 and pole piece 40. That is, the armature magnet 60 is arranged in the armature recess 64 in such a way that it forms a flush armature surface 68 with the pole piece approach surface 56, and the pole piece magnet 62 is arranged in the pole piece recess 66 so that it has a flush pole piece surface 70 with the armature approach surface 54 forms.
  • the magnets 60, 62 with a respective protrusion in their recess 64, 66.
  • the armature magnet 60 is merely attached to the pole piece approach surface 56 or that the pole piece magnet 62 is attached to the armature approach surface 54. It is conceivable that the armature approach surface 54 is formed by a pole piece magnetic surface 72 of the pole piece magnet 62 or that the pole piece approach surface 56 is formed by an armature magnetic surface 74 of the Armature magnet 60 is formed. I. E. the magnets 60, 62 then completely cover the pole piece approach surface 56 and the armature approach surface 54, respectively.
  • the armature magnet 60 and the pole piece magnet 62 are each designed as an annular magnet.
  • armature magnet 60 or pole piece magnet 62 have other shapes, and that several individual parts can also be provided instead of a single magnet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Soupape de commutation électromagnétique (30) destinée à un système d'injection de carburant (10) d'un moteur à combustion interne, ladite soupape comprenant :
    - une zone de soupape (36) pourvue d'un élément de fermeture (48) et d'un siège de soupape (46), lesquels coopèrent pour fermer la soupape de commutation (30) ;
    - une zone d'actionnement (38) destinée à déplacer l'élément de fermeture (48) avec une force d'actionnement le long d'un axe de déplacement (42) ; la zone d'actionnement (38) comportant une pièce polaire fixe (40) et un induit (44) qui est mobile le long de l'axe de déplacement (42), qui est accouplé à l'élément de fermeture (48) pour déplacer l'élément de fermeture (48) et qui, en fonctionnement, est déplacé vers la pièce polaire (40) le long de l'axe de déplacement (42), l'induit (44) comportant un aimant d'induit (60), et la pièce polaire (40) comportant un aimant de pièce polaire (62), l'aimant d'induit (60) et l'aimant de pièce polaire (62) étant disposés de manière qu'une force de répulsion magnétique (FAB) agisse entre eux pendant le fonctionnement, la zone d'actionnement (38) comportant un solénoïde (52) destiné à générer une force d'attraction magnétique (FAN) entre l'induit (44) et la pièce polaire (40), le solénoïde (52) étant conçu de manière que la force d'attraction (FAN) générée pendant le fonctionnement l'emporte sur la force de répulsion magnétique (FAB) agissant par biais de l'aimant d'induit (60) et de l'aimant de pièce polaire (62), et l'aimant d'induit (60) et l'aimant de pièce polaire (62) étant conçus de manière que, lorsque l'induit (44) et la pièce polaire (40) s'approchent, la force de répulsion magnétique (FAB) l'emporte sur la force d'attraction (FAN) avant que l'induit (44) et la pièce polaire (40) ne se touchent.
  2. Soupape de commutation électromagnétique (30) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'induit (44) comporte une surface d'approche de pièce polaire (56) et la pièce polaire (40) comporte une surface d'approche d'induit (54) qui sont disposées l'une en face de l'autre, l'aimant d'induit (60) étant fixé à la surface d'approche de pièce polaire (56) et l'aimant de pièce polaire (62) étant fixé à la surface d'approche d'induit (54).
  3. Soupape de commutation électromagnétique (30) selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce qu'une surface d'induit magnétique (74) forme la surface d'approche de pièce polaire (56) et/ou en ce qu'une surface de pièce polaire magnétique (72) forme la surface d'approche d'induit (54).
  4. Soupape de commutation électromagnétique (30) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'induit (44) comporte une surface d'approche de pièce polaire (56) et la pièce polaire (40) comporte une surface d'approche d'induit (54) qui sont disposées l'une en face de l'autre, l'induit (44) comportant un évidement d'induit (64) et la pièce polaire (40) comportant un évidement de pièce polaire (66), l'aimant d'induit (60) étant disposé dans l'évidement d'induit (64) et l'aimant de pièce polaire (62) étant disposé dans l'évidement de pièce polaire (66).
  5. Soupape de commutation électromagnétique (30) selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que l'aimant d'induit (60) est disposé dans l'évidement d'induit (64) de manière à former avec la surface d'approche de pièce polaire (56) une surface d'induit affleurée (68) et/ou en ce que l'aimant de pièce polaire (62) est disposé dans l'évidement de pièce polaire (66) de manière à former avec la surface d'approche d'induit (54) une surface de pièce polaire affleurée (70).
  6. Soupape de commutation électromagnétique (30) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que l'aimant d'induit (60) et/ou l'aimant de pièce polaire (62) sont conçus sous forme d'aimants annulaires.
  7. Pompe à carburant à haute pression (18) destinée à un système d'injection de carburant (10) d'un moteur à combustion interne, ladite pompe comportant une soupape de commutation électromagnétique (30) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6.
EP17155946.1A 2017-02-14 2017-02-14 Soupape de commutation électromagnétique et pompe haute pression à carburant Active EP3361085B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17155946.1A EP3361085B1 (fr) 2017-02-14 2017-02-14 Soupape de commutation électromagnétique et pompe haute pression à carburant

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17155946.1A EP3361085B1 (fr) 2017-02-14 2017-02-14 Soupape de commutation électromagnétique et pompe haute pression à carburant

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EP3361085A1 EP3361085A1 (fr) 2018-08-15
EP3361085B1 true EP3361085B1 (fr) 2021-09-01

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DE102020003127B3 (de) 2020-05-25 2021-09-16 Daimler Ag lnjektor für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs, sowie Verbrennungskraftmaschine für ein Kraftfahrzeug

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JPS60204956A (ja) * 1984-03-27 1985-10-16 Nippon Denso Co Ltd 電磁式燃料噴射弁
DE3704542A1 (de) * 1987-02-13 1988-08-25 Vdo Schindling Kraftstoff-einspritzventil
EP2863042B1 (fr) * 2013-10-15 2016-06-22 Continental Automotive GmbH Soupape d'injection

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