EP2863042B1 - Soupape d'injection - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2863042B1
EP2863042B1 EP13188648.3A EP13188648A EP2863042B1 EP 2863042 B1 EP2863042 B1 EP 2863042B1 EP 13188648 A EP13188648 A EP 13188648A EP 2863042 B1 EP2863042 B1 EP 2863042B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
valve
needle
injection valve
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13188648.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2863042A1 (fr
Inventor
Stefano Filippi
Mauro Grandi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental Automotive GmbH
Original Assignee
Continental Automotive GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to EP13188648.3A priority Critical patent/EP2863042B1/fr
Publication of EP2863042A1 publication Critical patent/EP2863042A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2863042B1 publication Critical patent/EP2863042B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0685—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0635—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding
    • F02M51/066—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0689—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means and permanent magnets
    • F02M51/0692—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means and permanent magnets as valve or armature return means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/20—Fuel-injection apparatus with permanent magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9038—Coatings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injection valve.
  • EP 2628941 A1 discloses a fuel injector for direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber.
  • the fuel injector includes: a housing having at least one combustion chamber-side injection aperture; a linearly movable valve needle for opening and closing the injection aperture; a solenoid; an armature which is linearly movable by the solenoid; and a first sleeve attached to the armature.
  • a first stop surface facing away from the combustion chamber is formed on the first sleeve, and a second stop surface facing the combustion chamber is formed on the valve needle, the first and second stop surfaces striking one another when the valve needle and/or the armature is/are moved linearly.
  • US 2010/236526 A1 relates to a common rail electronic control injector, which belongs to the electronic control fuel injection system technology.
  • the injector includes an oil inlet joint, an oil inlet located at outside the oil inlet joint, an electromagnet device, a nozzle body, a needle valve, a valve seat and spray holes, wherein the electromagnet device includes a static core, an armature and a coil, with a working gap between the static core and the armature.
  • the armature is moveably connected with the needle valve along an axial direction.
  • the injector further includes a compression spring applying a force to the needle valve, a force mechanism applying a force to the armature, and a block mechanism providing an axial anti-thrust while the armature is reset.
  • EP 2634412 A1 describes a fuel injector, in particular for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine, including a housing having at least one injection opening, an internal pole, which is stationary in relation to the housing, a magnet coil acting magnetically on the internal pole, an armature, which is linearly movable in relation to the housing, a valve needle, which is linearly movable in relation to the housing and in relation to the armature, forming a valve seat together with the housing, a first stop face, which is stationary in relation to the housing, and a second stop face, which is formed on the valve needle, the second stop face striking the first stop face in an end position of the valve needle at the maximum valve needle lift.
  • An object of the invention is to create an injection valve which facilitates a reliable and precise functioning of the injection valve.
  • the injection valve comprises a valve body.
  • the valve body is preferably the mechanically stabilizing part of the injection valve.
  • the valve body comprises a cavity and a fluid outlet portion.
  • the valve body hydraulically couples a fluid inlet portion to the fluid outlet portion via the cavity.
  • the injection valve comprises a valve needle.
  • the valve needle is axially movable in the cavity. In a closing position, the valve needle prevents a fluid flow through the fluid outlet portion. In other positions, the valve needle allows the release of the fluid flow through the fluid outlet portion.
  • the valve needle is displaceable in an opening direction along a longitudinal axis to the other positions for releasing the fluid flow through the fluid outlet portion.
  • the injection valve comprises an electro-magnetic actuator unit being configured to actuate the valve needle.
  • the valve needle can be moved reversibly, i.e. in reciprocating fashion.
  • the injection valve may be an inward opening injection valve in one embodiment.
  • the opening direction is in particular directed from the fluid outlet portion towards the fluid inlet portion, i.e. against the direction of the fluid flow.
  • the injection valve is an outward opening injection valve.
  • the opening direction is in particular directed from the fluid inlet portion towards the fluid outlet portion, i.e. in the same direction as the direction of the fluid flow.
  • the actuator unit comprises an armature which is arranged in the cavity.
  • the armature is axially moveable relative to the valve body and also relative to the valve needle.
  • the armature is designed to move the valve needle.
  • the armature is at least temporarily in direct contact with the valve needle.
  • the valve needle in particular has a top part which may also be denoted as an armature retainer.
  • the armature is preferably operable to engage the top part for moving the valve needle.
  • the armature is formed like a disk with a central hole, the valve needle being fed through said hole.
  • the armature retainer may expediently overlap with the armature in top view along the longitudinal axis.
  • the actuator unit comprises an acceleration device.
  • the acceleration device comprises a pole piece.
  • the pole piece is arranged in the cavity subsequent to the armature in the opening direction.
  • the acceleration device in particular at least its pole piece, may be arranged in the cavity on a side of the armature remote from the fluid outlet portion.
  • the acceleration device is fixed to the valve body so that there is no relative movement between the valve body and the acceleration device.
  • the acceleration device can be free of moving parts.
  • the acceleration device comprises or is composed of an electro-magnet. The acceleration device is operable to move the armature by applying a magnetic force to the armature.
  • the pole piece is arranged in the cavity also encompasses a configuration in which the pole piece is comprised by the valve body and contributes to hydraulically sealing the cavity of the valve body against the surrounding of the injection valve or against other components of the injection valve.
  • the pole piece is in particular inserted into another part of the valve body.
  • the acceleration device preferably has at least one surface which faces towards the armature and towards which the armature is attracted when the electromagnetic-actuator unit is energized. This surface is briefly denoted as stop face in the following. The stop face may expediently be arranged in the cavity or constitute a surface region of the cavity.
  • the actuator unit comprises a deceleration device which is arranged in the cavity.
  • the deceleration device is configured to dampen or to avoid an impact of the armature onto the acceleration device, in particular onto the pole piece, for example onto the stop face.
  • the deceleration device is designed to prevent a so-called hard stop of the armature.
  • the deceleration device comprises a spring.
  • the spring may be located on a side of the armature remote from the pole piece.
  • the spring is preferably located between the armature and the fluid outlet portion.
  • the spring has a spring constant of at least 50 N/mm or 100 N/mm and/or at most 200 N/mm or 400 N/mm.
  • the spring is fixed between a body rest and a needle rest.
  • the body rest is a part of the valve body which is located between the armature and the spring.
  • the body rest completely surrounds the spring.
  • the needle rest is fixed onto the needle or is a part of the needle.
  • the needle rest may be fixed on a side of the spring remote from the body rest.
  • the needle rest is preferably located between the spring and the fluid outlet portion.
  • the spring of the deceleration device in the closing position has a pre-stressing of at least 7.5 N or 10 N and/or of at most 20 N or 15 N.
  • the pre-stressing can be tensile or compressive.
  • the injection valve has, in one embodiment, an additional calibration spring for forcing biasing the valve needle towards the closing position and to retain the valve needle in the closing position when the actuator unit is de-energized.
  • a speed of the armature at the acceleration device - in particular at that longitudinal position where the armature comes into contact with the stop face - is reduced to at most 50% or preferably to at most 20% or more preferably to at most 10% of a maximum speed of the armature by means of the deceleration device.
  • the deceleration device is designed to prevent a direct contact between the armature and the acceleration device in the intended use of the injection valve.
  • the deceleration device is operable to prevent a direct contact between the armature and the pole piece throughout the operation of the injection valve.
  • the injection valve is configured in such fashion by means of the deceleration device that the armature remains spaced apart from the stop face in a fully open configuration of the injection valve.
  • the actuator unit comprises at least one permanent magnet which is preferably arranged between the armature and the deceleration device in an axial direction along the valve needle.
  • the permanent magnet is in particular operable to bias the armature in a direction away from the armature retainer of the valve needle.
  • the permanent magnet may advantageously contribute to set a predefined idle stroke of the armature before engaging with the armature retainer for moving the valve needle away from the closing position.
  • the armature is or comprises a permanent magnet.
  • the acceleration actuator unit comprises the permanent magnet and the armature is or comprises a further permanent magnet.
  • the acceleration device comprises at least one electro-magnet with a coil and a core.
  • the coil and the core are arranged on a side of the pole piece remote from the armature, wherein the pole piece may be an individual part adjacent to the core and in particular adjoining the core or the pole piece may be an axial end portion of the core which is in one piece with the core.
  • the coil and the core are preferably arranged on a side of the armature remote from the fluid outlet.
  • the coil and/or the core are preferably formed symmetric to an axis along which the valve needle can be moved.
  • the core comprises or consists of at least one soft magnetic composite.
  • the soft magnetic composite is composed of metal powder particles with an electrically isolating surface.
  • the core is of a U-shape or of a double U-shape when seen in a cross-sectional view.
  • the legs of the at least one U are preferably oriented parallel with the valve needle and in particular the longitudinal axis. An open end of the U can face the armature. In this way, each of the legs may, for example, correspond to one magnetic pole so that a particular efficient force transfer to the armature is achievable.
  • the valve body comprises a non-magnetic shell which is arranged around the armature when seen in a radial direction.
  • the non-magnetic shell extends circumferentially around the armature. In this way, parasitic magnetic flux may be particularly small.
  • the armature in the closing position rests on a supporting part of the valve needle.
  • the supporting part is preferably located on a side of the armature facing away from the pole piece.
  • the supporting part is located on a side of the armature facing the fluid outlet portion.
  • the armature In the closing position, the armature is preferably distant from a top part of the valve needle.
  • the armature is in particular operable to engage the top part in order to move the valve needle in the opening direction for opening the injection valve.
  • the top part is on a side of the armature remote from the fluid outlet portion.
  • the acceleration device is designed to accelerate the armature from the supporting part to the top part in order to move the valve needle and in order to open the injection valve.
  • the injection valve is designed for high-pressure applications with a fluid pressure between 350 bar and 500 bar, inclusive.
  • the acceleration device and/or the armature is/are free of a chrome plating.
  • the injector design as shown in Figure 1 uses the so-called free lift concept to improve the capability to activate at very high pressure.
  • the free lift concept uses the momentum of an armature 32 to generate a hammering opening of a valve needle 20 (also referred to as kick effect) to overcome a hydraulic load on a seat especially at high pressures of e.g. 350 bar to 500 bar.
  • the initial needle speed, based on this concept, is relatively high and this is very important for a fuel spray preparation at an initial opening transient of the valve 1.
  • an electro-magnet 36 also referred to as a solenoid
  • a magnetic force sustains the motion of the armature 32 and consequently the travelling of the needle 20 with an additional acceleration up to a kind of hard stop for stroke.
  • the presence of the hard stop at a stop face 55 that limits the armature 32 travelling creates a bounce that affects the linearity behavior of a Ti mapping (flow rate versus activation time Ti) as an s-shaped region occurs.
  • the hard stop creates a hydraulic sticking force after a bounce between the armature 32 and the stop faces 55 of a pole piece 34 with an additional delay in a closing event with respect to an electrical switch-off signal.
  • This behavior can change during the lifetime of the valve 1 because wearing of the surfaces involved in the hard stop concept, so that a significant deviation of the flow rate versus time, is expected.
  • both armature 32 and pole faces 55 have to be chromed to increase the hardness and minimize the wearing.
  • Actual actuators use standard magnetic stainless steels (e.g. 430SS, i.e. in particular stainless steel having the SAE grade 430) as magnetic materials with a relatively high eddy current effect because of a bulk electrical conductivity. For this reason it is not easy to accurately control the magnetic force versus the needle position by the electronics in real time and, as a consequence, the flow mass for very low quantities especially into the ballistic operating range.
  • the multiple injection strategy suffers from the relatively long demagnetization transient time related to the presence of an eddy current, too. This can limit separation time among activations and, hence, also a number of multiple injections for each engine cycle.
  • the armature 32 is located between a hydro disc 26 (also referred to as supporting part) and an upper guide 27 (also referred to as top part or armature retainer).
  • the hydro disc 26 and the upper guide 27 are welded onto the needle 20 so all these bodies 20, 26, 27 can move together.
  • the armature 32 has a free space between the hydro disc 26 and the upper guide 27 to generate the momentum and the kick effect on the needle 20 when the solenoid 36 is activated.
  • the armature 32 starts to move from a lower position (in contact with the hydro disc 26) because of the presence of a permanent magnet 37 located at a bottom side of the armature 32. This permanent magnet 37 generates a continuous pulling force to maintain a stable position of the armature 32 without any solenoid activation.
  • m A is the armature mass and v T@kick is its speed at the contact event.
  • This momentum generates an initial speed to the needle 20 to overcome the pressure of the fuel and to improve a spray preparation at an initial opening transient.
  • the injection valve of Figure 1 uses a common stainless steel as a core material in the electro-magnet 36. However, this does not support a fast demagnetization process and multiple injection applications are difficult to realize.
  • the injector design of Figure 1 supports a final damping and, thus, a speed reduction of the armature 32 before the contact (hard stop) because of a squish effect between the flat surfaces of the pole piece 34 and the armature 32.
  • this approach cannot guarantee a good stability over population because of the complexity involved in fixing the parallelism of the stop faces 55 to gain the best damping effect and a complete elimination of the armature bounce.
  • Another problem of this approach is related to the sticking hydraulic effect in the closing behavior with a delay to close the valve 1 and, thus, an increase of the mass flow associated to a specific activation time.
  • Other approaches provide special armature geometries with dynamic pressure drop fixtures to get the damping (holes, slots and so on); these fixtures increase the cost of the product.
  • the present invention proposes to solve the above-mentioned problems in particular with the following design factors, that can be combined, see also Figure 5 :
  • the injection valve 1 has a valve body 14 defining a cavity 18.
  • a valve needle 20 is arranged in the cavity 18 extending along the longitudinal axis 60 from a needle ball at the fluid outlet portion 40 of the fluid injection valve 1 to an armature retainer 27 at an opposite longitudinal end.
  • An armature 32 is shifted over the valve needle 20 so that it is movable along the longitudinal axis 60 with respect to the valve needle 20 between the armature retainer 27 and a supporting part 26. Expediently, the armature 32 is also axially displaceable with respect to the valve body 14.
  • the injection valve 1 has an electromagnetic actuator unit 30 which comprises the armature 32 and an acceleration device 15 comprising a coil 38, a core 39 and a pole piece 34.
  • the pole piece 34 is comprised by the valve body 14 in the present embodiment. It is inserted into the non-magnetic shell 33 of the valve body 14 and welded thereto in a fluid tight manner the so that it hydraulically separates the armature 32 from the coil 38 and the core 39, both of which are arranged adjacent to the pole piece 34 on a side of the pole piece 34 facing away from the armature 32 outside of and surrounding the valve body 14.
  • a permanent magnet 37 is arranged in the cavity 18 on the side of the armature 32 facing away from the pole piece 34. Also the permanent magnet 37 may be laterally surrounded by the non-magnetic shell 33.
  • the pole piece 34 has a non-magnetic inlay 51 laterally overlapping the coil 38. Radially inward and radially outward of the non-magnetic inlay 51, the pole piece 34 comprises a magnetic material such as ferritic steel and in particular overlaps the core 39 laterally. For example, opposite magnetic poles may be achievable radially inward and radially outward of the non-magnetic inlay 51, respectively, in this way.
  • the coil 38 When the electromagnetic actuator unit 30 is energized, the coil 38 generates a magnetic field which is shaped by the core 39 and the pole piece 34 and attracts the armature 32 towards the pole piece 34, in particular towards a stop face 55 of the pole piece 34.
  • the armature 32 By means of interaction via the armature retainer 727, the armature 32 is operable to take the valve needle 20 with it in direction towards the pole piece 34, which in the present embodiment is the opening direction 62 that is directed from the fuel outlet portion 40 towards a fuel inlet and of the injection valve 1 opposite of the fuel outlet portion 14 with respect to the longitudinal axis 60.
  • the armature 32 Before coming into engagement with the armature retainer 27, the armature 32 travels - with respect to the valve body 14 and the valve needle 20 - for an idle stroke in the opening direction 62 from a position in which it abuts on the supporting part 26 towards which it is biased by means of the permanent magnet 37.
  • the injection valve 1 has two springs, a calibration spring 31 and a further spring acting as deceleration device 35.
  • the calibration spring 31 bears on the armature retainer 27 at one axial end whereas the second axial end of the calibration spring 31 bears on a spring seat which is fixed with respect to the valve body on the side of the valve needle 20 remote from the fuel outlet portion 40.
  • the deceleration device 35 abuts a body rest 15 which is positionally fix to the valve body 14 on the side of the armature 32 remote from the armature retainer 27 and on a needle rest 25 which is fixed to the needle 20 on the side of the body rest 15 remote from the armature 32.
  • the armature 32 is operable to move the valve needle 20 out of its closing position and in the opening direction 62 against the bias of the calibration spring 31 and of the deceleration device 35.
  • the flow sensitivity curve of a multi-holes injector can be used to reduce or to eliminate the dependence of the flow with respect to the needle/ball stroke also without the presence of a hard stop.
  • the needle lift depending to the injector application, can be chosen in the range of 90 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m or higher to minimize the sensitivity of the multi-holes flow rate with respect to the effective needle lift.
  • F tot is the net force over the armature, supporting the needle position depending to the electrical current I hold , the pressure P of the fluid, and the calibration condition of the static two springs 31, 35 force, compare Figure 2 .
  • a typical flow instantaneous flow rate curve and associated Ti-mapping in this condition can be represented with a lot of benefit in terms of linearity behaviors and Qd min control, see Figure 3 .
  • OPP1 is the opening valve event
  • OPP2 is the maximum needle stroke
  • OPP3 is the starting point of the back motion
  • OPP4 is the closing valve event.
  • Somaloy is an SMC (soft magnetic composite) that can be used in dry conditions to avoid chemical attack of aggressive liquids
  • the base powdered is pure iron with nano-coating obtained by oxidation that drastically increases the macro electrical resistivity with limitation of eddy current effect.
  • the housing can be formed by pressing to get a three-dimensional body, in particular with a lubricant to minimize friction.
  • a post-annealing at 500°C can normalize the three-dimensional magnetic properties and can minimize internal residual postpress stresses. Thus, very good magnetic properties with low demagnetization times can be achieved.
  • a good phasing of a peak of a current during boost phase and the hammering effect of the armature 32 to open the valve 1 at maximum speed of the armature 32 for better spray preparation can be achieved, see Figure 4A .
  • An initial distance between the armature 32 and the stop face 55 of the pole piece 34, including the free lift, can be set for example at 200 ⁇ m +/- 100 ⁇ m or +/-50 ⁇ m.
  • the free lift can be set, for example, at 50 ⁇ m +/- 25 ⁇ m or +/- 10 ⁇ m.
  • the permanent magnet 37 can be used to support the initial armature position (static magnetic force on the armature 32). After the armature- needle contact event, the electrical current can be freewheeled to hold a level to balance the net force over the armature 32.
  • the valve spring 35 increases its contrast with the maximum value at the final armature position that can be designed into the non-sensitive area of the flow curve with respect to the needle position, see Figure 4B .
  • a calibration spring 31 can be used to minimize the piece-to-piece flow variation in the population as a normal way to calibrate the solenoid injector.
  • the design avoids any contact between the pole piece 34 and the armature 32, also at fully opened valve 1.
  • the armature 32 is spaced apart from the stop face 55 throughout the operation of the injection valve.
  • this injection valve 1 is improved also because all magnetic forces (in particular from the coil 38 and from the permanent 37 magnet) can act on the armature 32 only in an axial direction along an axis 60 without radial effect because the external shell 33 is made from a non-magnetic material like stainless steel 316SS, i.e. in particular stainless steel having the SAE steel grade 316. So a reduced friction on the moving parts is also achieved.
  • the combination of the above-mentioned design parameters can improve the performances of the multi-streaming (multi-holes) injector 1 of Figure 2 with benefits in terms of Qd min reduction, spray formation at opening transient, linearity behaviors and degradation over a lifetime for high pressure direct injector applications.
  • an actuator for a multi-holes inward opening application of the present invention is able to control a flow without a traditional hard stop with chrome plating for high pressure injector application (i.e. at 350 to 500 bar) with reduced degradation performances over the product lifetime.
  • An actuator to control the flow rate is realized in particular with the combination of a high performance magnetic material (i.e. from the Somaloy family) with a U-shape design and a double spring system with one spring (i.e. the spring of the deceleration device 35) with a high stiffness of preferably > 100 N/mm) used to stop the motion at final stroke.
  • a high performance magnetic material i.e. from the Somaloy family
  • a double spring system with one spring i.e. the spring of the deceleration device 35
  • a high stiffness of preferably > 100 N/mm used to stop the motion at final stroke.
  • the U-shaped housing design in combination with the external non-magnetic shell 33 can avoid radial magnetic forces, preferably in combination with a permanent magnet 37 to act in axial direction on the armature 32.
  • the combination of the previous design parameters can support the catalyst heating strategy, too.
  • the combination of the previous design parameters can serve for both stratified and homogenous multiple injections strategy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Soupape d'injection (1) pour un moteur d'automobile comprenant :
    - un corps de soupape (14) comprenant une cavité (18) et une partie de sortie de fluide (40) ;
    - un pointeau de soupape (20) mobile dans le plan axial dans la cavité (18), le pointeau de soupape (20) empêchant un écoulement de fluide à travers la partie de sortie de fluide (40) dans une position fermée et pouvant être déplacé dans une direction d'ouverture (62) le long d'un axe longitudinal (60) vers d'autres positions pour libérer l'écoulement de fluide à travers la partie de sortie de fluide (40) ;
    - une unité d'actionneur électromagnétique (30) configurée pour actionner le pointeau de soupape (20) ;
    l'unité d'actionneur (30) comprenant :
    - une armature (32) agencée dans la cavité (18) et mobile dans le plan axial par rapport au pointeau de soupape (20), l'armature (32) pouvant être actionnée pour déplacer le pointeau de soupape (20) ;
    - un dispositif d'accélération (50) comprenant une pièce polaire (34) agencée dans la cavité (18) à la suite de l'armature (32) dans la direction d'ouverture (62), le dispositif d'accélération (50) étant fixé à la cavité (18) et pouvant être actionné pour déplacer l'armature (32) par application d'une force magnétique ;
    - un dispositif de décélération (35) agencé dans la cavité (18), le dispositif de décélération (35) étant configuré pour amortir ou éviter un impact de l'armature (32) sur la pièce polaire (34) ;
    - le corps de soupape (14) comprenant une coque non magnétique (33) qui s'étend dans le plan circonférentiel autour de l'armature (32) ;
    - le dispositif d'accélération (50) comprenant au moins un électroaimant (36) avec une bobine (38) et un noyau (39) ;
    caractérisée en ce que :
    - la bobine (38) et le noyau (39) sont agencés sur un côté de la pièce polaire (34) à distance de l'armature (32) ;
    - la pièce polaire (34) est insérée dans la coque non magnétique (33) et soudée à elle de façon étanche aux fluides de sorte qu'elle sépare hydrauliquement l'armature (32) de la bobine (38) et du noyau (39) ; et
    - le noyau (39) comprend un composite magnétique tendre ou consiste en celui-ci, ledit composite étant composé de particules de poudre de métal avec une surface électriquement isolante.
  2. Soupape d'injection (1) selon la revendication précédente :
    dans laquelle le dispositif de décélération (35) comprend un ressort positionné sur un côté de l'armature (32) à distance de la pièce polaire (34), le ressort ayant une constante de ressort entre 100 N/mm et 400 N/mm ; et
    dans laquelle le ressort est fixé entre un appui de corps (15) et un appui de pointeau (25) ;
    l'appui de corps (15) faisant partie du corps de soupape (14) positionné entre l'armature (32) et le ressort et l'appui de pointeau (25) étant fixé sur le pointeau (20) sur un côté du ressort placé à distance de l'appui de corps (15).
  3. Soupape d'injection (1) selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle le ressort est positionné entre l'armature (32) et la partie de sortie de fluide (40) et l'appui de pointeau (25) est fixé sur le pointeau entre le ressort et la partie de sortie de fluide (40).
  4. Soupape d'injection (1) selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans laquelle dans la position fermée, le ressort du dispositif de décélération (35) exerce une précontrainte comprise entre 7,5 N et 20 N, inclus.
  5. Soupape d'injection (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans laquelle le dispositif de décélération (35) peut être actionné pour empêcher un contact direct entre l'armature et la pièce polaire (34) dans l'utilisation ciblée de la soupape d'injection (1).
  6. Soupape d'injection (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans laquelle l'unité d'actionneur (30) comprend au moins un aimant permanent (37) agencé entre l'armature (32) et le dispositif de décélération (35) dans une direction axiale le long du pointeau de soupape (20).
  7. Soupape d'injection (1) selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle l'armature (32) est ou comprend un aimant permanent.
  8. Soupape d'injection (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la bobine (38) et le noyau (39) sont formés de façon symétrique par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (60) le long duquel le pointeau de soupape (20) peut être déplacé.
  9. Soupape d'injection (1) selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle le noyau (39) a une forme de U ou une forme de double U vue dans une vue en coupe transversale.
  10. Soupape d'injection (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes :
    dans laquelle dans la position fermée, l'armature (32) repose sur une partie de maintien (26) du pointeau de soupape (20), la partie de maintien (26) étant positionnée sur un côté de l'armature (32) s'écartant de la pièce polaire (34) ;
    dans laquelle dans la position fermée, l'armature (32) est distante d'une partie supérieure (27) du pointeau de soupape (20) ;
    dans laquelle le dispositif d'accélération (50) est conçu pour accélérer l'armature (32) de la partie de maintien (26) jusqu'à la partie supérieure (27) ; et
    dans laquelle l'armature (32) peut être actionnée pour engrener la partie supérieure (27) afin de déplacer le pointeau de soupape (20) dans la direction d'ouverture (62) pour ouvrir la soupape d'injection (1).
  11. Soupape d'injection (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans laquelle la soupape d'injection (1) est conçue pour une application haute pression avec une pression de fluide comprise entre 350 bars et 500 bars.
  12. Soupape d'injection (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans laquelle le dispositif d'accélération (50) et/ou l'armature (32) est exempt de placage au chrome.
EP13188648.3A 2013-10-15 2013-10-15 Soupape d'injection Active EP2863042B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13188648.3A EP2863042B1 (fr) 2013-10-15 2013-10-15 Soupape d'injection

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13188648.3A EP2863042B1 (fr) 2013-10-15 2013-10-15 Soupape d'injection

Publications (2)

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EP2863042A1 EP2863042A1 (fr) 2015-04-22
EP2863042B1 true EP2863042B1 (fr) 2016-06-22

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EP (1) EP2863042B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014220877B3 (de) 2014-10-15 2015-12-03 Continental Automotive Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
EP3361085B1 (fr) * 2017-02-14 2021-09-01 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Soupape de commutation électromagnétique et pompe haute pression à carburant
CN114458506B (zh) * 2022-03-09 2022-12-09 哈尔滨工程大学 一种渐增缓冲的电磁-永磁多磁场复合式高速电磁阀

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19946602A1 (de) * 1999-09-29 2001-04-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
CN101539084B (zh) * 2009-03-20 2010-12-29 天津大学 共轨式电控喷射器
DE102009045174A1 (de) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Magnetstack für hochdynamische Ventile
DE102010064273A1 (de) * 2010-12-28 2012-06-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE102012202253A1 (de) * 2012-02-15 2013-08-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE102012203124A1 (de) * 2012-02-29 2013-08-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Einspritzventil

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