Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
  • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
  • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
  • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
  • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
  • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
  • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
  • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
  • F01K23/103—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with afterburner in exhaust boiler
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
  • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
  • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
  • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
  • F01K23/103—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with afterburner in exhaust boiler
  • F01K23/105—Regulating means specially adapted therefor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
  • F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
  • F01K3/24—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters with heating by separately-fired heaters
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
  • F28D20/003—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using thermochemical reactions
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
  • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for operating a gas and steam combined cycle power plant according to the preamble of claim 1 and a combined gas and steam power ⁇ plant according to the preamble of claim. 8
• gas-and-steam combined cycle power plant Such a method for operating a gas-and-steam combined cycle power plant and such a gas and steam combined cycle power plant (CCGT) are already well known from the general state of the art.
• the gas-steam-power plant is also known as Combined Cycle Power Plant and at least one Turbinenein ⁇ direction, at least one can be driven by the turbine means generator for providing electrical power and at least one gas turbine. If the generator is driven by the turbine device, then the generator can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy or electrical current and provide this electrical energy or the electric current. The electrical current can then be fed, for example, into a power grid.
• the gas turbine thereby provides exhaust gas, by means of which hot steam is generated.
• a fuel in particular a gaseous fuel such as natural gas supplied, wherein the fuel is burned by means of the gas turbine.
• the gas turbine is supplied in addition to the fuel oxygen or air, so from the air and the fuel
• Fuel-air mixture arises. This fuel-air mixture is burned, resulting in exhaust gas of the gas turbine
• the gas and steam combined cycle power plant is a power plant in which the principles of a gas turbine power plant and a steam power plant are combined.
• the gas turbine or its exhaust gas serves as a heat source for a nachgeschal ⁇ ended steam generator, by means of which the steam for the
• Turbine device or for driving the turbine device is generated.
• the turbine device is thus designed as a steam turbine.
• This steam for keeping warm is usually produced by means of a boiler, in particular a gas boiler.
• a boiler By means of the boiler, a liquid such as water is evaporated, for which purpose a fuel is used.
• the steam generated by the boiler is at least part of the Combined cycle gas and steam power plant to keep it warm or warm. Then the gas-and-steam combined cycle power plant can be started after a shutdown in the context of a warm start, since the gas and steam combined cycle power plant then already has a sufficiently high temperature at which it can be started.
• the power plant in particular during this is switched off, for example, can be kept warm.
• different components or components can also be heated or kept warm with increasing time during which the power plant is switched off, in order thereby to realize a warm start of the power plant subsequent to a shutdown of the power plant.
• the power plant can be activated or turned on particularly quickly and energy- efficiently .
• a boiler particularly a gas boiler.
• a gas boiler is a gas burner, by means of which, with the use of fuel, in particular gaseous fuel, steam for keeping warm or heating of the power plant is generated.
• the invention is based on the idea, during the Be ⁇ operation of the power plant, ie during a period during which the power plant is turned on, at least divert part of the energy contained in the already produced by the exhaust gas of the gas turbine contained energy and to effect the endothermic reaction to use in the products of Endothermic reaction to store energy or heat, which can later, while the power plant is shut down, can be used to keep warm the power plant.
• thermochemical heat storage in which, for example, the endothermic reaction takes place.
• the heat storage stored in the products of the endothermic reaction heat stored and for later
• an exothermic chemical reaction is carried out, is released in which heat, by means of which at least a portion of the gas-and-steam combined cycle power plant is heated or kept warm.
• the endothermic reaction is ⁇ example, in an endothermic reactor.
• Exothermic reaction is carried out, for example, in an exothermic reactor, by means of which the heat released during the exothermic reaction is at least indirectly used to keep the power plant warm while it is switched off.
• At least one heat exchanger is provided, via which at least part of the heat released in the exothermic reaction to the part of the gas-and-steam Kombina ⁇ tion power plant or to a medium, in particular a liq fluid ⁇ or a gas, or a component of the gas and steam combined cycle power plant is transmitted.
• the medium is used, for example, to keep the power station warm.
• the medium is, for example, water, which can be vaporized by means of the heat released.
• the medium can, for example, contact educts and / or products of the exothermic reaction directly, in particular flowing or flowing around in order to heat the medium and thereby vaporize it, for example.
• the component may be a heat exchanger, via which the released heat is transferred, for example, to the medium in order to heat the medium, in particular to evaporate it.
• a heat exchanger via which the released heat is transferred, for example, to the medium in order to heat the medium, in particular to evaporate it.
• At least the part of the heat contained in the steam generated by the exhaust gas of the gas turbine is used during a normal operation of the gas-and-steam combined cycle power plant to the endothermic chemical reaction
• a holding operation is performed, in which the gas-and-steam combined cycle power plant is heated or kept warm by means of the energy released, while a caused by the generator providing electrical power, in particular a through the turbine means causes driving of the generator, is omitted.
• the power plant is therefore switched off ⁇ .
• At least one heat exchanger is provided by welehern at least the part of the means of the exhaust gas Gas turbine generated steam is transferred to reactants of the endothermic chemical reaction.
• the branched off steam can be the educts of the endothermal
• FIG. 1 shows in the single FIGURE is a schematic representation of a gas and steam combined cycle power plant, which can be kept particularly energie slaughter by utilizing an endothermic chemical reaction.
• the single FIGURE shows a schematic representation of a designated as a whole with 10 gas-and-steam Kombina ⁇ tion power plant, which is also referred to as combined cycle power plant or - for better readability - as a power plant.
• the power plant comprises at least one gas turbine 12 which, for example, is supplied with fuel as part of a method for operating the power plant. This supply of fuel to the gas turbine 12 is illustrated in the figure by a directional arrow 14.
• the fuel is, in particular a gaseous fuel such as natural gas at ⁇ game.
• the gas turbine 12 is guided to air ⁇ what ver ⁇ is anschaulicht in the figure by an arrow 16th
• the fuel is combusted ⁇ material, resulting exhaust gas of the gas turbine 12 results.
• the gas turbine 12 provides the exhaust gas, which is illustrated in the figure by a directional arrow 18.
• the gas turbine 12 for example, forms a mixture of the fuel and the air, this mixture is burned. This results in the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 12.
• the exhaust gas is supplied to a steam generator 20 of the power plant.
• the steam generator 20 is also referred to as a boiler or evaporator.
• the steam generator 20 a liquid, in particular in the form of water supplied.
• the power plant further comprises a generally designated 22 turbine means, which in this case a first
• Turbine 24 and a second turbine 26 includes.
• the turbine 24 is designed for example as a high-pressure turbine, wherein the turbine 26 is designed as a medium-pressure and low-pressure turbine.
• the steam generated by means of the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 12 and by means of the steam generator 20 is supplied to the turbine device 22, so that the turbine device 22, in particular the turbines 24 and 26, are driven by means of the generated hot steam.
• Turbine device 22 is converted into energy contained in the hot steam into mechanical energy, wherein the
• the turbine device 22 includes, for example, not shown in detail in the figure turbine wheels to which the steam is supplied. As a result, the turbine wheels are driven by the steam.
• the turbine wheels are rotatably connected to the shaft 28 so that the shaft 28 is driven by the turbine wheels when the turbine wheels are driven by the steam.
• the power plant further comprises at least one generator 30, which is driven or driven by the turbine device 22 via the shaft 28.
• the generator 30 is thus provided via the shaft 28 mechanical
• Generator 30 can provide this electrical power, which can be fed for example in a power grid.
• the steam is removed from the turbine device 22 and fed to a heat exchanger 32, which as a condenser acts or is trained.
• a heat exchanger 32 By means of the heat exchanger 32, the steam is cooled, whereby the steam condenses.
• the heat exchanger 32 In order to cool the steam by means of the heat exchanger 32, the heat exchanger 32, for example, a cooling medium, in particular a cooling liquid supplied. In this case, a heat transfer from the steam to the cooling liquid take place, whereby the steam is cooled and condenses in the sequence.
• a cooling medium in particular a cooling liquid supplied.
• the power plant has a plurality of lines not shown in detail in the figure, through which respective currents of the by means of the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 12 he generated voltaic steam flow. These flows can have different temperatures.
• different temperatures T2, T3 and T4 of the generated by means of the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 12 steam are shown, the temperature T2, for example, 595 ° C, the temperature T3 360 ° C and the temperature T4 240 ° C.
• the water leaves the condenser, for example, at a temperature T5, which is for example 40 ° C.
• a temperature T5 which is for example 40 ° C.
• the power plant is activated, that is turned on, and deak ⁇ tivated, ie switched off. For example, the power plant is switched off with only a small power requirement. If the power requirement increases, the power plant is switched on again after switching off.
• This switching which is connected in time to a shutdown of the power plant, is preferably carried out as a warm start in order to turn on the power plant quickly and energy ⁇ low.
• Hot starts especially for the realization of a particularly energie teachen warm start, the power plant after switching off and during a time during which the
• Power plant is shut off, kept warm or heated to a excessive cooling or cooling of the power plant too
• the power plant comprises at least one reactor 34, in which the endothermic chemical reaction can take place.
• the steam generated by means of the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 12 or one of the aforementioned flows or at least part of one of the aforementioned flows of the steam generated by means of the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 12 is branched off from at least one of the aforementioned lines.
• the heat of the line 36 flowing through the vapor educts of the endothermic chemical reaction is supplied.
• the endothermic chemical reaction is a reaction that absorbs energy or heat. This heat thus comes from the line 36 flowing through the steam.
• the steam supplied to the reactor 34 flows, for example, through a heat exchanger 38, by means of which at least part of the heat contained in the steam flowing through the heat exchanger 38 flows to the educts of the
• the endothermic chemical reaction produces products of the endothermic chemical reaction from the starting materials. In these products is at least a part of the heat
• the endothermic chemical reaction is, for example, a forward reaction of a chemical equilibrium reaction.
• This chemical equilibrium reaction includes, for example, a reverse reaction, which is an exothermic chemical reaction.
• the products of the endothermic chemical reaction are starting materials of the reverse reaction, the starting reaction starting materials being products of the reverse reaction.
• thermochemical heat storage is provided in which heat is stored during operation of the power plant. This stored heat is, while the power plant is switched off ⁇ used to heat the power plant or to keep warm. This means that the thermochemical heat storage is charged or charged during operation of the power plant and discharged while the power plant is off.
• steam is generated by means of the heat released during the exothermic chemical reaction.
• one of the steamer ⁇ generator 20 different, additionally provided steam generator 40 is provided, which at least a portion of the released in the reverse reaction heat is supplied.
• a liquid, in particular water is heated and thereby ver ⁇ evaporated, whereby 40 steam is generated by means of the steam generator.
• the liquid, especially the water thus becomes supplied to the steam generator 40.
• the steam generated by means of the steam generator 40 by means of the heat released is discharged from the steam generator 40, which is illustrated in the figure by a directional arrow 42.
• the steam discharged to the steam generator 40 becomes, for example
• the power plant comprises, for example, a further heat exchanger 44, via which at least part of the heat released during the exothermic chemical reaction to the part of the power plant to be kept warm or to a medium for keeping the power plant warm or to a component of the
• the medium is, for example, the water that is supplied to the steam generator 40.
• This component is present around the vapor ⁇ generator 40 so that the steam generator 40, the liberated in the exothermic chemical reaction heat is supplied via the heat exchanger 44th This is illustrated in the figure by a directional arrow 46.
• the heat exchanger 44 is arranged, for example, in the steam generator 40, so that the heat released during the return reaction can be supplied to the steam generator 40 supplied water, whereby the water supplied to the steam generator 40 is evaporated.
• the power plant has a desired turn on sufficiently high and advantageous temperature to enable the power plant by means of a warm start again or turn on.
• the power plant is based in particular on the idea during the operation of the power plant heat sources, in particular anyway available heat sources, such as the steam generated by the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 12 to use to recover heat, which are stored using the endothermic chemical reaction can.
• Generator 30 causes provision of electrical current, in particular during a caused by the turbine device 22 driving the generator 30, is omitted.
• the branched steam generated by the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 12, the heat of which is used to effect the forward reaction and stored, particularly in the forward reaction products, has, for example, a mass flow of 14.4 kg / s and a temperature of 152 ° C ,
• the steam is cooled, for example, from 152 ° C. to 105 ° C.
• the steam can
• the steam for keeping the power plant warm for example, has a mass flow of 1.4 kg / s to 5 kg / s and a pressure of 5 bar.
• a heat transfer from the steam generated by the heat released in the reverse reaction to the power plant or components of the power plant so that the steam, for example, from 250 ° C to a clotting ⁇ gere temperature, in particular 150 ° C. cools.
• the steam by means of which at least a part of the power plant is kept warm or heated, 250 ° C.
• the heat to be kept part of the power plant the steam is supplied to keep warm the power plant, so that a heat transfer from the steam to keep the power plant warm to the power plant or to be kept warm part of the power plant.
• the steam becomes Keeping the part of the power plant cool, so that the
• Temperature of the steam for example, from 250 ° C to 150 ° C drops.
• the steam then has a very high temperature, so that heat contained in the steam after keeping warm at least the part of the power plant can optionally be used for other purposes.
• Direct reaction touched and streams in or flows around. This is also applicable to the reverse reaction:
• a spatial separation of the reactants and / or products of the reverse reaction of the medium which is heated by the heat released and used to keep warm the power plant , so that the medium does not directly touch the reactants and / or products of the reverse reaction.
• the medium directly touches the educts and / or products of the reverse reaction and flows against or flows around. Then deleted
• any heat available anyway can be efficiently and effectively stored.
• the vomit ⁇ -assured heat can be used effectively and efficiently at a later date, in particular, at least to heat a portion of the power plant and to keep warm.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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• 2015
  • 2015-10-07 DE DE102015219398.5A patent/DE102015219398A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2016
  • 2016-09-26 KR KR1020187012978A patent/KR20180059939A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2016-09-26 WO PCT/EP2016/072840 patent/WO2017060112A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2016-09-26 US US15/766,178 patent/US20180298788A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2016-09-26 CN CN201680058093.0A patent/CN108138600A/zh active Pending
  • 2016-09-26 EP EP16778263.0A patent/EP3359782A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-09-26 JP JP2018517797A patent/JP2018534465A/ja active Pending

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