EP3356629B1 - Fitting for a sliding door and method for mounting a sliding door - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fitting for a sliding door according to the preamble of claim 1.
The EP 1 388 631 discloses a roller carrier for sliding doors, in which a molded part is slidably mounted on a central web of a supporting part in order to engage under a web of a guide rail in a first position and to form a safety catch. In one assembly position, the safety catch is released and the sliding door can be raised. Such a displaceable safety catch has proven itself per se, however, U-shaped supports are used in particular for moving front sliding doors. There are no U-shaped supports with a corresponding center bar for the storage of rear sliding doors.
In the WO 2012/049235 A1 discloses a fitting for a sliding door, in which a release lock is provided on a roller carrier, which engages under a track in the locked position of the rail. The safety catch can be designed as a pivotable lever. The user has to pivot the lever from a locking position into an assembly position, which requires at least some assembly knowledge.
The WO 2012/095210 discloses a roller carrier for a sliding door, in which a safety slide is slidably held on a supporting body and is biased into the safety position by a spring. The WO 2012/095210 discloses the features of the introductory part of claim 1.
In the DE 20 2015 002 896 U1 a carrying device for a sliding door is shown, which has a displaceable locking element as an anti-lift device, which is prestressed via a leg spring.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a fitting for a sliding door which has a particularly compact safety catch and an easy-to-use safety catch. This object is achieved with a fitting for a sliding door with the features of claim 1.
The safety catch according to the invention comprises a push button which, due to the force of an energy store, projects into a protruding part relative to the running part Secured position is pressed and can be moved to an indented position for unhooking against the force of the energy accumulator. As a result, the safety catch is particularly compact and can be operated easily. For assembly or disassembly, the push button can be easily engaged to allow the running part to be hooked onto the guide rail. Assembly or disassembly is also made easier for inexperienced users.

A roller is preferably rotatably mounted on the running part, and the push button is arranged approximately centrally in the region below the roller in the case of horizontally oriented guide rails. The push button at least partially engages under the guide rail. This allows a particularly good power transmission if the safety catch is arranged under the roller in this arrangement, so that the sliding door can only be raised slightly against the push button without the guide of the roller on the guide rail becoming disengaged. When disassembling, it is immediately apparent that the push button prevents it from being detached, and the user can then engage the push button to release the unlocking device. It is also conceivable to use such a push button even with vertically oriented guide rails. The longitudinal axes of the roller and the push button preferably lie approximately in a horizontal plane.

The push button can be locked in an engaged position for easy disassembly. This simplifies disassembly, whereby for a desired securing position the push button is either manually disengaged into the disengaged position after assembly or beforehand so that it automatically engages under the guide rail during assembly and is thus automatically adjusted to the securing position. Depending on the design of the guide rail, bevels on one end of the push button can advantageously support or enable the automatic adjustment to the securing position during the assembly process.

When installing a sliding door with a running part on a convex-shaped track of the guide rail, at least one side edge, facing away from the sliding door, must be molded or otherwise arranged on the concave-shaped running surface of the roller in order to prevent unwanted displacement transverse to the sliding direction of the sliding door . When assembling one Sliding door with a running part on a concave-shaped track of the guide rail, on the other hand, the roller designed with a convex running surface must be inserted behind a side edge on the guide rail which faces the sliding door.

Depending on the design of the guide part, which guides the sliding door transversely to the direction of displacement and is arranged in the region of the opposite end of the sliding door, the rollers can be inserted into a horizontally oriented guide rail in two ways.

In the case of rigid guide parts which were mounted on the sliding door before the assembly process, the sliding door is advantageously first inserted with the guide part into the guide rail provided for this purpose by lifting. The opposite side of the sliding door is then pivoted in a direction transverse to the sliding direction of the sliding door until the roller is located directly above the other guide rail and can be placed thereon. As already mentioned, when the roller has found the final position on the guide rail, the push button moves either manually or automatically into the disengaged securing position. Structural features, such as bevels and / or flats, can advantageously be formed on the push button, which support the temporary engagement and the automatic return of the push button when it is guided past the guide rail during assembly. At least one protrusion prevents the push button from being accidentally engaged in the locking position.

When using movable, for example pivotable or tiltable, guide parts, the assembly process takes place in such a way that the running part of the sliding door is advantageously first positioned and placed over the guide rail. Again, as previously described, the push button moves to the disengaged securing position. The opposite side of the sliding door is then pivoted in a direction transverse to the sliding direction of the sliding door until the sliding door has found its vertical position. The guide part can now be moved into the guide rail. For this, too, slopes and / or flattenings on the push button can support the temporary engagement and the automatic return of the push button when it is guided past the guide rail during assembly. At least one protrusion in turn prevents the push button from being accidentally engaged in the locking position.

A stop can be provided on the push button which limits the maximum protruding securing position. This ensures an exact positioning of the push button even after assembly in the securing position, where the previously described bevels can no longer come into engagement with the guide rail and thus an automatic movement of the push button is no longer possible. The push button is guided on a housing which is fixed to the running part, the housing being able to be locked onto the running part for simple assembly. Other fastening mechanisms can of course also be used.

The push button can preferably be locked in the engaged position via a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism having a rotary pin with a plurality of guide cams. This allows the push button to be operated smoothly in the manner of a locking mechanism.

For a particularly compact design, according to the invention the energy accumulator is designed as a compression spring which is at least partially positioned within the push button or a component arranged in the push button.
Furthermore, the running part can have at least one fastening section, which bears on the sliding door, and a projecting section, on which the running roller and the push button are provided. The housing for guiding the push button can then be fixed in a U-shaped channel of the running part, so that only a minimal installation space is required and the running part is additionally made stiffer due to the shape. When used on flat running parts, the sliding door can be provided with a recess or clearance in the place where the safety catch according to the invention is arranged, in which the safety catch can be arranged.

In a method for assembling a sliding door on a guide rail, which does not form part of the invention, at least one running part fixed to the sliding door can first be hooked onto a track of the guide rail, a push button pretensioned by an energy store being temporarily indented when it is hooked in and then automatically moved into a protruding securing position below the track of the guide rail. This means that the sliding door can be easily assembled without in-depth assembly knowledge, by disengaging the push button in a securing position before installation, activation of the safety catch after installation cannot be accidentally forgotten.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Möbels mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Beschlag für eine Schiebetür;

Figuren 2A und 2B

zwei Ansichten des Beschlages für eine hintere Schiebetür mit einem Druckknopf zur erfindungsgemäßen Aushängesicherung in unterschiedlichen Positionen;

Figuren 3A bis 3D

mehrere Ansichten des Beschlages für die Schiebetür vor der Befestigung an der Schiebetür;

Figuren 4A bis 4C

mehrere Ansichten des Druckknopfes des Beschlages;

Figur 5

eine perspektivische Explosionsdarstellung des Druccknopfes für den Beschlag;

Figur 6

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Druckknopfes für einen Beschlag gemäß einer modifizierten Ausführungsform;

Figuren 7A bis 7D

mehrere Ansichten eines erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetürbeschlages bei der Montage;

Figuren 8A bis 8D

mehrere Ansichten eines erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetürbeschlages bei der Montage;

Figuren 9A bis 9D

mehrere Ansichten eines modifizierten erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetürbeschlages bei der Montage;

Figuren 10A bis 10D

mehrere Ansichten eines modifizierten erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetürbeschlages bei der Montage; und

Figur 11

eine Schnittansicht durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Beschlag.

The invention is explained in more detail below using several exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Figure 1

a perspective view of a piece of furniture with a fitting according to the invention for a sliding door;

Figures 2A and 2B

two views of the fitting for a rear sliding door with a push button for the safety catch according to the invention in different positions;

Figures 3A to 3D

several views of the fitting for the sliding door before attachment to the sliding door;

Figures 4A to 4C

several views of the push button of the fitting;

Figure 5

a perspective exploded view of the push button for the fitting;

Figure 6

a perspective view of a push button for a fitting according to a modified embodiment;

Figures 7A to 7D

several views of a sliding door fitting according to the invention during assembly;

Figures 8A to 8D

several views of a sliding door fitting according to the invention during assembly;

Figures 9A to 9D

several views of a modified sliding door fitting according to the invention during assembly;

Figures 10A to 10D

several views of a modified sliding door fitting according to the invention during assembly; and

Figure 11

a sectional view through a further embodiment of a fitting according to the invention.

In Figure 1 A piece of cupboard furniture 1 is shown which has a furniture body 2 which has a horizontally oriented guide rail 3 on the top floor. A rear sliding door 4 and a front sliding door 5 are movably held on the guide rail 3.

The fitting for a sliding door 4 comprises a running part 6, which is fixed to a rear of the rear sliding door 4, as shown in FIGS Figures 2A and 2B is shown. A roller 7 is rotatably mounted on each running part 6 and can be moved on a lower track 31 of the guide rail 3. In addition to the lower track 31, an upper track 30 for the front sliding door 5 is shown on the guide rail 3, wherein the tracks 30 and 31 can also be arranged next to one another instead of one above the other. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the raceways 30 and 31 are connected to one another via a vertical web 32, an angular section 33, 34 of the guide rail 3 resting at least partially on an upper floor of the furniture body 2. At section 33, the guide rail 3 is fastened to the furniture body 2 by fastening means 39. Other types of guide rails 3 can also be used.

In order to prevent the sliding door 4 from being unhooked in an assembled position, a safety catch with a push button 8 is provided. In Figure 2A the push button 8 is shown in a protruding securing position in which the track 31 of the guide rail 3 is at least partially gripped. When the sliding door 4 is moved vertically upwards, the push button 8 abuts against the underside of the track 31 and thus prevents it from being detached. A sideways movement of the sliding door 4 is prevented by a radially protruding edge 70 on both end faces of the roller 7, the edge 70 facing the furniture body 2 engaging behind the raceway 31 in a groove 35, adjacent to the raceway 31. The lateral securing of the roller 7 can also take place via a web of the guide rail 3.

In order to unhook the sliding door 4, the push button 8 is pushed in manually, without the use of a tool, from the securing position against the force of an energy accumulator and locked in the engaged position. As a result, the sliding door 4 can be raised until the edge 70 of the roller 7 comes out of the groove 35 in the guide rail 3, so that the sliding door 4 can be moved to a front side, away from the guide rail 3. Over the length of the guide rail 3, several running parts 6 can be provided with safety catches, which are then unlocked if necessary according to the same principle.

In the Figures 3A to 3D the running part 6 is shown, which can be mounted on the rear sliding door 4 one or more times. The running part 6 consists of a bent and punched metal sheet and has plate-shaped sections 60 which rest on a rear side of the sliding door 4. At these contact sections, the running part 6 and the sliding door 4 by means of fastening means 69 (in the Figures 2A and 2B indicated as center lines), firmly connected, for example by screw connections. At a central section 61, which extends parallel to the sections 60, but in a different plane, the roller 7 is rotatably supported by a pin 62. The middle section 61 is connected to the sections 60 via two webs 63, so that a U-shaped channel 64 is formed on the running part 6 on the side facing the sliding door 4. In this U-shaped channel 64, a housing 9 for mounting and guiding the push button 8 is mounted. The housing 9 has pins 90 on opposite sides, which can be inserted into corresponding openings 65 on the webs 63 of the running part 6. Furthermore, a recess 66 is provided on the middle section 61, through which the push button 8 is passed on the middle section 61.

In the Figures 4A to 4C the push button 8 and the housing 9 are shown in detail. The housing 9 is essentially cuboid and, as previously described in the description of FIGS Figures 3A to 3D was explained on opposite sides pin 90 for mounting on the running part 6. On each pin 90 there is a run-up slope 91, which is designed to slope towards the running part 6, so that the housing 9 by elastically compressing the side walls when inserted into the U-shaped channel 64, at the points at which the pins 90 are arranged, can be locked on the running part 6 when lying in the openings 65. Other fastening means for mounting the housing 9 can also be used.

The push button 8 has a lower web 80, which in a corresponding groove 92, which in Figure 5 is shown in more detail, is guided on the housing 9. As a result, the push button 8 can be engaged with the housing 9, but is not rotatably mounted. Diametrically opposite the web 80 is a on the push button 8 Flattened 85 arranged alone or in cooperation with other slopes 86, 87, shown in the Figures 7 to 9 on push button 8 supports the automatic adjustment to the securing position when hanging on the guide rail 3. Their function is explained in more detail below.

In Figure 5 the housing 9 and the push button 8 with the locking mechanism for fixing the push button 8 are shown in an exploded view in order to explain the interaction of the components more clearly. The push button 8 is biased by a force accumulator 10 in the form of a compression spring into a protruding securing position, the force accumulator 10 being supported on the one hand on the push button 8 and on the other side on a bottom of a rotating part 11. The rotating part 11 has a cylindrical sleeve, on the outer circumference of which guide cams 12 are provided, which have guide surfaces 14 which interact with a plunger 81 on the push button 8. The rotary part 11 can be rotated by engaging the push button 8. Recesses 13 are provided between the guide cams 12, which cooperate with ribs 93 on the housing 9. The housing 9 has a receptacle 94 with the ribs 93 for the rotating part 11, which is interrupted in the region of the web 80 by a groove 92. The rotating part 11 can be rotated within the housing 9 by engaging the push button 8, in order then to lock the push button 8 in an engaged position. If the push button 8 is pushed in again, it is unlocked and can be moved into the protruding securing position. The locking mechanism acts as a form-locking device, whereby other forms of locking are also conceivable. The maximum protruding position of the push button 8 is predetermined by a stop 96, which also prevents unwanted disassembly between the push button 8 and the housing 9.

On a flat side of the housing 9 facing the furniture body, projections 97 are arranged, which can be formed integrally with the housing 9 or as separate components. These serve as a contact surface for the guide rail during assembly in order not to allow an unwanted, indented position of the push button 8. At the bottom of the push button 8 can, as in particular in the Figures 7 to 9 can be clearly seen, bevels 86, 87 are formed, which have a supportive effect when mounting a sliding door 4 on a guide rail 3. Further details are explained in the following figures.

In Figure 6 A modified locking mechanism for a push button 8 'is shown in an exploded view in order to explain the interaction of the components more clearly, which can be used in a running part 6 according to the previously described embodiment. Guide cams 81 'are formed on the push button 8' and can be moved along grooves 95 of a housing 9 '. The grooves 95 are surrounded by ribs 93 of a receptacle 94 '. In this latching mechanism, the push button 8 'is designed to be rotatable, the guide cams 81' optionally being movable along the grooves 95 or being latched on the ribs 93. The push button 8 'is biased by an energy accumulator 10 in the form of a compression spring and is mounted on a rotating part 11' which is designed to be stationary and only rotates relative to the push button 8 '. Guide elements 12 'and 13' are likewise formed on the stationary rotary part 11 'and, together with the guide cams 81', form a locking mechanism on the push button 8 'in order to be able to lock the push button 8' in an engaged position. As in the exemplary embodiment previously, a stop 96 (not shown) and bevels 86, 87 or flats 85 (not shown) can also be provided on the pushbutton 8 'in order to limit a maximum extension movement of the pushbutton 8' into the securing position or to support the disengagement into the securing position, which can advantageously be arranged corresponding to the angle of rotation of the push button 8 '.

In the Figures 5 and 6 Locking mechanisms are shown in which the push button 8 or 8 'can be locked in an engaged position, with a rotary part 11 or the push button 8' being designed to be rotatable for the locking. It is of course also possible to use other locking mechanisms in order to lock the push button 8 or 8 'in an engaged position on the housing 9 or 9'.

In the illustrated embodiment, the running part 6 is fixed to a rear sliding door 4. It is also possible to attach the running part 6 to folding sliding doors, room dividers or other sliding elements in order to provide a safety catch.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the push button 8 or 8 'can each be locked in an engaged position. It is, of course, also possible to provide the safety catch without such a locking mechanism, the push button only being able to be engaged.

As already mentioned, depending on the design of the guide rail 3, flats 85 and / or bevels 86, 87 arranged on the push button 8 can advantageously support or enable the automatic disengagement into the securing position during the assembly process.

The Figures 7A to D and 8A to D represent two variants of the assembly of the sliding door 4 on a guide rail 3 with a convexly shaped track 31, with at least one side edge 70, facing away from the sliding door 4, being formed or otherwise arranged on the concave tread of the roller 7. This engages at least one edge 70 in a groove 35 of the guide rail 3 in order to prevent unwanted displacement transversely to the direction of displacement of the sliding door 4. The insertion of the rollers 7 on the convex guide rail 3 is dependent on the design of the guide part in the prior art and is therefore not further described here. A distinction is therefore made in the following description of the assembly process of a sliding door 4 on a guide rail 3 only between rigid guide parts previously fixed to the sliding door 4 and pivotable or tiltable guide parts, which of course were also previously installed on the sliding door 4.

In the Figures 7A to 7D it is shown that, in the case of rigid guide parts, the sliding door 4 is first inserted with the guide part into the guide rail (not shown in the figures) provided for this purpose, which is arranged at the bottom of the furniture body 2, with the running part 6 in front of the provided guide rail 3 the track 31 is passed and, as has already been explained in general above, is then inserted into the track 31 provided for the roller 7 by pivoting and lowering the sliding door 4. A bevel 86 and / or the flattening 85, which is arranged on the push button 8 in the direction of the roller 7, can advantageously support the temporary engagement and the moving back of the push button 8 when it is guided past the guide rail 3 during assembly. This temporary disengagement and subsequent backward movement of the push button 8 takes place automatically or automatically during assembly, but can also be carried out completely or partially manually by pressing in the push button 8. At least one protrusion 97 (not shown) can prevent the pushbutton 8 from being accidentally engaged in the latching position.

The assembly of the sliding door 4 when using pivotable or tiltable guide parts (also not shown in the figures) is shown in FIGS Figures 8A to 8D shown. Advantageously, the running part 6 of the sliding door 4 is first positioned over the guide rail 3 and then placed on it. Here, too, the push button 8 moves into the disengaged securing position in the same way as described above. For this, too, at least one flattening 85 and / or at least one bevel 86, which are arranged on the end face of the pushbutton 8, can assist the temporary engagement and the automatic backward movement of the pushbutton 8 when passing the guide rail 3 during assembly. At least one projection 97 (not shown) in turn prevents the pushbutton 8 from being inadvertently engaged in the latching position. Finally, the guide part can then be pivoted or tilted (not shown) into the other guide rail defined at the bottom of the furniture body.

The Figures 9A to D and 10A to D represent two further variants of mounting the sliding door 4 on a guide rail 3 "with a concave-shaped track 31", a side edge 70 ", facing the sliding door 4, is arranged on the concave-shaped track of the guide rail 3", which is an unwanted Moving the roller 7 "transverse to the sliding direction of the sliding door 4 prevented.

The insertion of the rollers 7 "into the concave guide rail 3" is in turn dependent on the design of the guide part in the prior art and is therefore not further described here. It will therefore only become the same as in the previous versions Figures 7 and 8 , again differentiate between rigid, on the sliding door 4 previously fixed guide parts and pivotable or tiltable guide parts, which of course were also previously mounted on the sliding door 4.

In the Figures 9A to 9D it is shown that in the case of rigid guide parts, the sliding door 4 is first inserted with the guide part into the guide rail provided for this purpose, which is arranged at the bottom of the furniture body 2 (not shown in the figures) by lifting, the running part 6 "in front of the provided guide rail 3" with the track 31 "and then inserted by pivoting and lowering the sliding door 4 into the track 31" provided for the roller 7 '''. Advantageously, one or more bevels 86, 87 and / or a flattening 85 arranged on the end face of the push button 8, which are arranged on the push button 8 in the direction of the roller 7 ″ support the temporary engagement and the backward movement of the push button 8 when passing the guide rail 3 "during assembly. Here too, this sequence of movements of the push button 8 is preferably automatic or automatic. At least one projection 97 (not shown) prevents unwanted engagement of the push button 8 in the locking position.

The assembly of the sliding door 4 when using pivotable or tiltable guide parts (also not shown in the figures) is shown in FIGS Figures 10A to 10D shown. Advantageously, the running part 6 "of the sliding door 4 is first positioned above the guide rail 3" and then placed on the running track. When passing the guide rail 3 "during assembly, one or more bevels 86, 87 and / or one or more flats 85 arranged on the end face of the push button 8, which are arranged on the push button 8 in the direction of the roller 7", the temporary engagement and that Support pushing back the push button 8, the movement sequence of the push button 8 preferably being automatic or automatic again. In this embodiment variant too, a projection 97 (not shown) prevents the pushbutton 8 from being accidentally engaged in the latching position.
In Figure 11 Another embodiment variant of an arrangement of a safety catch according to the invention is shown. Here, a running part 6 "has a continuous, flat contact surface facing the rear of the sliding door 4, which is only broken through by a recess 66 for the push button 8 and by openings for fastening to the sliding door 4. The sliding door 4 can be in a recess 40 Take up housing 9 for guiding a push button 8. The functional sequence is analogous to the other design variants, with this design variant of a safety catch a particularly compact arrangement of the component assembly is possible.

In a method for assembling a sliding door, which does not form part of the invention, the push button can be positioned in a protruding securing position and can be engaged against the force of the energy accumulator 10 when it is attached. This enables automatic disengagement into the securing position of the push button 8 below the track 31 on the guide rail without the user having to operate the unlocking device separately. The push button 8 can then only be locked in an engaged position during disassembly.

Reference list

1

Cupboard furniture

2nd

Furniture body

3, 3 "

Guide rail

4th

sliding door

5

sliding door

6, 6 "

Running part

7, 7 "

Roller

8, 8 '

Push button

9, 9 '

casing

10th

Lift mechanism

11, 11 '

Turned part

12th

Guide cams

12 '

Guide element

13

Recess

13 '

Guide element

14

Leadership area

30th

career

31, 31 "

career

32

web

33

section

34

section

35

Groove

39

Fasteners

40

Recess

60

section

61

section

62

bolt

63

web

64

channel

65

opening

66

Recess

69

Fasteners

70

edge

80

web

80 '

Guide cams

81

Pestle

81 '

Guide cams

85

Flattening

86

Weird

87

Weird

90

Cones

91

Ramp

92

Groove

93

rib

94, 94 '

admission

95

Groove

96

attack

97

head Start

Claims (10)

1. A fitting for a sliding door (4), having a guide rail (3), along which at least one runner (6) of the fitting is movable, on which a sliding door (4) is hold-able, wherein at least one safety catch is provided on the runner (6) to avoid dropping out of the runner (6) from the guide rail (3), whereby the safety catch comprises a pushbutton (8, 8'), which is moved by the force of a force accumulator (10) into a securing position, which protrudes in relation to the runner (6) and is movable against the force of the force accumulator (10) into an engaged position for dropping out, characterized in that the pushbutton (8, 8') is guided on a housing (9), which is fixed on the runner (6) and the force accumulator (10) is designed as a compression spring, which is positioned at least partially inside the pushbutton (8, 8') or a component arranged in the pushbutton (8, 8').
2. The fitting according to Claim 1, characterized in that a roller (7) is mounted so it is rotatable on the runner (6) and the pushbutton (8, 8') is arranged approximately in the middle in the region below the roller (7), and at least partially reaches below the guide rail (3) in the securing position.
3. The fitting according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the movement direction of the pushbutton (8, 8') is aligned transversely to the displacement direction of the sliding door (4).
4. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pushbutton (8, 8') is lockable in an engaged position.
5. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a stop (96) is provided on the pushbutton (8, 8'), which delimits the maximally protruding securing position.
6. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (9) is latched on the runner (6).
7. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pushbutton (8, 8') is lockable via a catch mechanism in the engaged position, wherein the catch mechanism has a rotating part (11, 11') having multiple guide cams (12, 12').
8. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one flattened area (85) and/or at least one bevel (86, 87) are arranged on an end face of the pushbutton (8, 8').
9. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the runner (6) has at least one fastening section (60), which presses against the sliding door (4), and a protruding section (61), on which the roller (7) and the pushbutton (8, 8') are provided.
10. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (9) for guiding the pushbutton (8, 8') is fixed in a U-shaped channel of the runner (6).

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