EP3355319B1 - Corrosion-resistant sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet rich in lanthanum and cerium, and manufacturing method - Google Patents

Corrosion-resistant sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet rich in lanthanum and cerium, and manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3355319B1
EP3355319B1 EP16874635.2A EP16874635A EP3355319B1 EP 3355319 B1 EP3355319 B1 EP 3355319B1 EP 16874635 A EP16874635 A EP 16874635A EP 3355319 B1 EP3355319 B1 EP 3355319B1
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rich
lanthanum
cerium
rare earth
ndfeb
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3355319A1 (en
EP3355319A4 (en
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Runfeng LI
Qiaoling CHEN
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Zhejiang Dongyang Dmegc Rare Earth Magnet Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Dongyang Dmegc Rare Earth Magnet Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
    • H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
    • H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
    • H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
    • H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
    • H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
    • H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
    • H01F41/0266—Moulding; Pressing

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) magnets rich in lanthanum and/or cerium, and more particularly relates to a corrosion-resistant sintered NdFeB magnet rich in lanthanum and/or cerium and a manufacturing method.
  • NdFeB neodymium-iron-boron
  • An NdFeB-based rare earth permanent magnet material is a third-generation rare earth permanent magnet functional material invented in the early 1980s, which has excellent magnetic properties of high remanence, high coercivity and high magnetic energy product, is thus widely used in automation technology, communication and transportation technology, information technology, aerospace technology and other sectors of the national economy, and becomes one of important basic materials supporting the contemporary electronic information industry. By this year, the usage has reached 100,000 tons, and the material has become an important material basis of modern science and technology and people's death.
  • rare earth materials used as a main raw material for material manufacturing is continuously increasing. More importantly, the application field of rare earth materials as "vitamins" of modern industry is not limited to the production of rare earth permanent magnet materials.
  • manufacturers of sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials use relatively low-priced rare earth gadolinium element to partially replace more expensive rare earth praseodymium and neodymium elements to produce low-cost sintered NdFeB magnets, but the important application field of gadolinium is in the field of magnetic refrigeration materials and optical information storage sectors, so it is a waste of manufacturing low-cost sintered NdFeB permanent magnets with gadolinium instead of neodymium in a strict sense. Once gadolinium is found to have more important application, irreparable loss will be caused. Partial replacement of neodymium with holmium also has the same result and problem.
  • the two rare earth elements Pr and Nd are the main raw materials for producing sintered NdFeB rare earth permanent magnet materials, and the average use amount in materials is about 19 wt% to 33 wt%.
  • a small amount of Dy and Tb heavy rare earth elements and other non-rare earth metals such as Nb, Cu, Al, Ga, Ti, V, Mn, Zn, Zr, W, Si, Sn, Cr and Mo also need to be properly added to compose the ratio of the entire material.
  • lanthanum cerium rare earth elements can be used to partially replace praseodymium neodymium materials for manufacturing NdFeB rare earth permanent magnet materials, the cost of materials can be reduced and a balanced use effect of resources can be achieved.
  • the sintered NdFeB permanent magnet material with added lanthanum and cerium elements has worse corrosion resistance. Even if plated with some metal coating and placed in the air, a magnet will be severely corroded half a year later, with almost no practical value.
  • the main reason for the corrosion of an NdFeB magnet lies in the electrode potential difference between a main phase and a phase rich in neodymium, in which the electrode potential of the main phase is higher than the electrode potential of the phase rich in neodymium, so that the phase rich in neodymium becomes an anode in the "galvanic reaction" to accelerate the corrosion of the phase rich in neodymium, resulting in continuous intergranular corrosion of crystal grains in the magnet.
  • the main phase is exfoliated and pulverized due to the loss of a grain boundary phase, so as to complete the macroscopic oxidation of the permanent magnet. Therefore, how to reduce the potential difference between two phases in a sintered NdFeB magnet is the key to improve the corrosion resistance of the magnet.
  • DE 10 2015 105764 A1 discloses a sintered magnet formed by mixing an R 2 T 14 B main phase alloy with a Ce-rich grain boundary phase alloy including Ce to replace for expensive Dy element.
  • US 2015/248954 A1 discloses a sintered magnet formed by mixing two R 2 T 14 B alloys both inluding Ce, Co and Fe.
  • CN 102 220 538 A discloses a sintered magnet formed by mixing an R 2 T 14 B first alloy mixed with a Co, Fe, Ce, La-containing second alloy.
  • the present invention provides a corrosion-resistant sintered NdFeB magnet rich in lanthanum and/or cerium and a manufacturing method, which can improve the corrosion resistance of the magnet based on ensuring the magnetic property of the magnet.
  • a corrosion-resistant sintered NdFeB magnet rich in lanthanum and/or cerium comprises an NdFeB rare earth permanent magnet material rich in lanthanum and/or cerium and an alloy material rich in Co for improving corrosion resistance of the material, wherein components of the NdFeB rare earth permanent magnetic material rich in lanthanum and/or cerium are Re ⁇ Fe 100- ⁇ - ⁇ - ⁇ B ⁇ M ⁇ , in which Re is a rare earth element, including two or more than two elements selected from La, Ce and Nd, and inevitably containing Nd element; M is an additive element, including one or more than one element selected from Ti, V, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ga, Ge, Al, Zr, Nb, Co, Cu, Ag, Sn, W, Pb, Bi and Pd; Fe is Fe and unavoidable impurities; ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ are the atomic percentage contents of the elements, wherein 12 ⁇ 17, 5.1
  • the present invention applies an alloy material rich in cobalt for improving the corrosion resistance of a material to doping and modifying an NdFeB rare earth permanent magnet material rich in lanthanum and/or cerium, so that more Co element in the sintered NdFeB magnet can be distributed on a grain boundary instead of forming an Nd 2 Co 14 B phase that affects the magnetic property of the magnet, which is conducive to the preservation of the magnetic property of the material and the improvement of the corrosion resistance of the grain boundary of the magnet.
  • La and Ce elements in the rare-earth element Re account for 15 wt% to 45 wt% of the total use amounts of rare earth in the NdFeB rare earth permanent magnet material rich in lanthanum and/or cerium.
  • the use of lanthanum and cerium light rare earth elements instead of praseodymium and neodymium rare earth elements will slow down the exploitation of rare earth resources and reduce the generation of high-peak rear earth waste ore rich in lanthanum and/or cerium, so as to reduce environmental pollution.
  • the rare earth element Re further comprises one or more than one element selected from Pr, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y and Sc.
  • the alloy material rich in Co inevitably does not contain element Fe to improve the corrosion resistance of the grain boundary of the magnet.
  • the present invention also provides a manufacturing method of a corrosion-resistant sintered NdFeB magnet rich in lanthanum and/or cerium, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
  • the prepared corrosion-resistant sintered NdFeB magnet rich in lanthanum and/or cerium will be composed of a phase rich in Nd, a main phase (Nd 2 Fe 14 B), alloy powder rich in Co and a very small amount of phase rich in B (Nd 1.1 Fe 4 B 4 ).
  • the alloy powder rich in Co exists between gaps of main phase particles.
  • a preparation process adopted in step (1) and step (2) is a casting process or a quick-setting sheet process; and in step (3), a breaking method adopted is mechanical breaking or hydrogen breaking plus jet milling.
  • the preparation process adopted in step (1) and step (2) is a quick-setting sheet process.
  • a roller speed of a cooling copper roller used in the quick-setting sheet process of step (2) is 5 to 15 times of a roller speed of a cooling copper roller used in the quick-setting sheet process of step (1), wherein 5 to 15 times of the roll speed is a preferred solution, and in step (2) preparation can also be performed at the same roll speed as that in step (1).
  • the mass percentage content of the alloy material rich in Co in the NdFeB rare earth permanent magnet material alloy rich in lanthanum and/or cerium is 1% to 5%.
  • sintering temperature is 1030 °C to 1090 °C and sintering time is 2.0 to 8.0 hours.
  • the two-stage tempering process is that first tempering is carried out at 890 °C to 920 °C and constant temperature time is 1.5 to 3 hours; and secondary tempering is carried out at 480 °C to 520 °C and constant temperature time is 2 to 6 hours.
  • the NdFeB alloy in a sintering temperature state is composed of a solid main phase, a molten phase rich in Nd, a molten phase rich in B and a molten alloy phase rich in Co, and the molten phases permeate into gaps between solid powder particles of the main phase through methods of liquid-phase flow and molecular thermal movement, so that the alloy phase rich in Co better penetrates to the grain boundary in the main phase.
  • the corrosion-resistant sintered NdFeB magnet has the beneficial effects that the Co element in the magnet is more distributed on the grain boundary of the magnet through the innovation of the manufacturing method, the corrosion resistance of the magnet is improved on the basis of ensuring the magnetic property of the magnet, and the sintered NdFeB magnet rich in lanthanum and/or cerium has good corrosion resistance the same as that of an ordinary sintered NdFeB permanent magnet and becomes a rare earth permanent magnet material with practical application value.
  • the two magnets are machined to prepare ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 (mm) standard samples, and HAST experiments (131 °C, 96% RH, 2.6bar, 96H) are then performed to test the corrosion resistance of the materials.
  • the performance of the materials is shown as Table 2.
  • Table 2 Corrosion resistance test results Material components (at%, see the components in Embodiment 2) Mass loss (mg/cm 2 ) Sintered NdFeB magnet rich in lanthanum and/or cerium 78.25 Sintered NdFeB magnet rich in lanthanum and/or cerium with addition of 2 wt% of alloy material rich in Co 0.88
  • the two magnets are machined to prepare ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 (mm) standard samples, and HAST experiments (131 °C, 96% RH, 2.6bar, 96H) are then performed to test the corrosion resistance of the materials.
  • the performance of the materials is shown as Table 3.
  • Table 3 Corrosion resistance test results Material components (at%, see the components in Embodiment 3) Mass loss (mg/cm 2 ) Sintered NdFeB magnet rich in lanthanum and/or cerium 88.25 Sintered NdFeB magnet rich in lanthanum and/or cerium with addition of 3 wt% of alloy material rich in Co 0.78
  • the two magnets are machined to prepare ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 (mm) standard samples, and HAST experiments (131 °C, 96% RH, 2.6bar, 96H) are then performed to test the corrosion resistance of the materials.
  • the performance of the materials is shown as Table 4.
  • Table 4 Corrosion resistance test results Material components (at%, see the components in Embodiment 4) Mass loss (mg/cm 2 ) Sintered NdFeB magnet rich in lanthanum and/or cerium 89.31 Sintered NdFeB magnet rich in lanthanum and/or cerium with addition of 4 wt% of alloy material rich in Co 1.01
  • the two magnets are machined to prepare ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 (mm) standard samples, and HAST experiments (131 °C, 96% RH, 2.6bar, 96H) are then performed to test the corrosion resistance of the materials.
  • the performance of the materials is shown as Table 5.
  • Table 5 Corrosion resistance test results Material components (at%, see the components in Embodiment 5) Mass loss (mg/cm 2 ) Sintered NdFeB magnet rich in lanthanum and/or cerium 179.30 Sintered NdFeB magnet rich in lanthanum and/or cerium with addition of 5 wt% of alloy material rich in Co 0.98

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
EP16874635.2A 2015-12-16 2016-10-13 Corrosion-resistant sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet rich in lanthanum and cerium, and manufacturing method Active EP3355319B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510943615.2A CN105427994B (zh) 2015-12-16 2015-12-16 一种耐腐蚀的富镧铈烧结钕铁硼磁体及制造方法
PCT/CN2016/101950 WO2017101577A1 (zh) 2015-12-16 2016-10-13 一种耐腐蚀的富镧铈烧结钕铁硼磁体及制造方法

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EP3355319A4 EP3355319A4 (en) 2019-05-22
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CN106847457A (zh) * 2017-01-09 2017-06-13 浙江大学 一种稀土永磁体及制备稀土永磁体的方法
CN110257724B (zh) * 2019-07-16 2020-05-22 宁德市星宇科技有限公司 一种含镧和铈的钕铁硼磁体的制备方法
CN112562952B (zh) * 2020-11-20 2024-07-12 宁波合力磁材技术有限公司 一种钕铁硼永磁材料及其制备方法
DE102021113306A1 (de) 2021-05-21 2022-11-24 Technische Universität Darmstadt, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ausgangsmaterials für einen Permanentmagneten
CN113549813A (zh) * 2021-07-22 2021-10-26 江西理工大学 一种主辅相纳米晶高丰度稀土永磁材料的制备方法
CN113921263A (zh) * 2021-11-10 2022-01-11 赣州市钜磁科技有限公司 一种含镧和钇的烧结钕铁硼永磁材料的制备方法
CN114999759B (zh) * 2022-07-06 2024-07-19 赣州鑫舟永磁材料有限公司 一种稀土永磁材料低剩磁温度系数的改善方法及其制备工艺
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CN105427994A (zh) 2016-03-23
EP3355319A1 (en) 2018-08-01
EP3355319A4 (en) 2019-05-22
WO2017101577A1 (zh) 2017-06-22

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