EP3349923B1 - Method for producing a riser in a core shooter, and core box suitable for performing the method - Google Patents

Method for producing a riser in a core shooter, and core box suitable for performing the method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3349923B1
EP3349923B1 EP16763261.1A EP16763261A EP3349923B1 EP 3349923 B1 EP3349923 B1 EP 3349923B1 EP 16763261 A EP16763261 A EP 16763261A EP 3349923 B1 EP3349923 B1 EP 3349923B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
king
riser
membrane
mandrel
spring element
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EP16763261.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3349923A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Baginski
Jörg Schäfer
Thomas Schäfer
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GTP Schaefer Giesstechnishe Produkte GmbH
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GTP Schaefer Giesstechnishe Produkte GmbH
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Priority to PL16763261T priority Critical patent/PL3349923T3/en
Publication of EP3349923A1 publication Critical patent/EP3349923A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B22C7/06—Core boxes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
    • B22C9/088—Feeder heads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a feeder intended for insertion into a casting mold used in the casting of metals, consisting of an inner cavity as feeder volume enclosing, consisting of an exothermic and / or insulating feeder material, in each case a lateral wall portion, a lid portion and a a feeder opening for connecting the inner cavity of the feeder body to the mold cavity of the mold during the casting process is formed in the bottom region and the inner cavity in at least a portion of a larger diameter than the diameter of the feeder opening and wherein the feeder body is produced by shooting in a core shooter, wherein for producing a one-piece feeder body with the predetermined shape in a two-piece core box n formed with a lower box and upper box a the outer contour of the feeder body reproducing cavity and.
  • the invention further relates to a core box suitable for producing a feeder body for use in the core shooting machine.
  • the feeders In foundry technology, it is often necessary to place additional feeders in the molds, whose feeder body fills with the liquid metal during the casting of the casting and compensates for volume deficits which occur during the solidification of the casting, in order to prevent voids being formed in the casting.
  • the feeders must be such that the liquid metal fed therein solidifies later than the casting, so that during the solidification process, a material transport can take place towards the casting, which tightly feeds the casting.
  • the feeders consist of an exothermic and / or insulating material.
  • Essential for the suitability of a feeder is its feeder module as the ratio of the feeder volume to Surface of the feeder, which is a geometric index of the rate of solidification of the occurred during the casting process in the inner cavity of the feeder metal.
  • the inner cavities of feeders are often cylindrical, which facilitates their manufacture in a core shooter because the cylindrical shape of the inner cavity to be formed in the feeder body does not impose any special requirements for the formation of the corresponding mold for a core shooter.
  • more advantageous with respect to the feeder module are internal cavities with a barrel-like or a spherical shape approximate shape, with more complicated cavity geometries can be sought for casting reasons, such as with respect to a feeder in the DE 295 10 068 U1 is described.
  • a method for producing a feeder with the features mentioned is also made CN 102 363 205 A and JP H11 277182 A known.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, a method and a core box for producing a feeder with the predetermined shape specify, by means of which a one-piece feeder body can be produced in a simplified procedure.
  • the invention provides for this purpose a method in which in the cavity for the production of the inner cavity in the feeder body in its outer contour reversibly expandable king is set such that when shooting the feeder body whose wall portion, lid portion and bottom portion each by the in the space between the expanded king and the inner wall of the cavity introduced feeder material is formed, wherein the arranged in the bottom region of the feeder body feed opening is formed by a first diameter predetermining foot portion of the king and the king in its unexpanded position does not exceed the diameter of the foot portion, so that the finished shot feeder body can be removed from the king during demolding from the core box with its mouth opening.
  • the invention has the advantage that the core technology for producing the inner cavity of a feeder body produced in core shooting method is replaced by the king expandable in its outer contour, wherein the space occupied by the expanded king within the executed in the core box and the outer contour of the feeder body the cavity of the finished cavity Feeder body trains.
  • the expansion of the king is targeted by means of a separate drive and is reversible, so that the king resumes its original initial shape after the shooting process.
  • the feeder body Since the king in its initial shape, ie in its unexpanded position, the diameter of its opening defining the Jardinrö Stamm not surmounted, the feeder body is removable during removal from the king, the feeder body slides with its feeder opening over the full length of the king, or Alternatively, the king from the core box and thus out of the inner cavity of the feeder body produced by the shooting process can be moved out, so that the feeder body can be removed from the core box or from the lower and upper box.
  • the king consists of a solid mandrel and of a flexible membrane enclosing it and the membrane is deliberately expanded by setting the king in the cavity formed in the core box by means of an enlargement of its diameter.
  • the arrangement of the separate, made of a flexible material membrane gives the possibility to easily provide for a widening of the king.
  • a specification of the shape of the inner cavity of the subsequent feeder body can be made, so that different contours of the inner cavity can be made by appropriately manufactured feeders.
  • a gaseous or liquid medium is introduced into the intermediate space between the membrane and the fixed mandrel for the targeted widening of the membrane and is discharged from the intermediate space for demolding the shot feeder body.
  • the medium acts as a separate drive.
  • the expandable king may alternatively be provided that in the space between the membrane and a fixed mandrel extending over the length of the king, is arranged between two mandrel associated abutments supporting spring element whose diameter decreases in a Increased distance between the abutments and thereby expands the outer membrane targeted, and which regained its original elongated shape at a subsequent increase in the distance to the starting position of the king.
  • the spring element acts as a separate drive for the expansion of the king.
  • a fixed base plate associated with the mandrel and a relative to the base plate and the mandrel in the direction of the core box-bearing base plate movable clamping plate is associated with a first Abutment for the spring element forming projection along the mandrel in an opening located in the base plate is retractable and thereby shortens the distance to a formed at the upper end of the mandrel second abutment and causes the increase in diameter of the spring element.
  • the spring element embracing the mandrel is supported against the two abutments by a flange formed at each of its two ends and the expandable membrane extends between the flanges of the spring element.
  • the existing membrane of a flexible material is attached to the flanges of the spring element, so that the membrane follows the movements of the spring element respectively.
  • the spring element consists of a per se known basket spring, which automatically resumes its original shape after a induced by applying a voltage change in shape.
  • the invention further relates to a suitable for carrying out the manufacturing process core box, which consists of a top box and a lower box and an adjustable in the core box King;
  • the king is reversibly in his outer contour reversible by a drive king expandable.
  • the king consists of a solid mandrel and of a flexible membrane enclosing it and the membrane can be expanded by means of an enlargement of its diameter.
  • At least one line is connected to the intermediate space between the fixed mandrel and the membrane, by means of the targeted expansion of the king, a gaseous or liquid medium in the intermediate space can be introduced and led out of the intermediate space.
  • a spring element is arranged by the voltage of which the diameter of the membrane can be enlarged and returned by the subsequent end of the diameter of the membrane in the initial state.
  • the in Fig. 1 schematically shown core box 10 for producing a feeder body in Kernsch manvon consists of a lower box 11 and a top box 12, wherein the core box 10 is on a base plate 13. Inside the core box 10, a cavity 14 is formed together in the lower box 11 and upper box 12, which molds the outer contour of the feeder body to be produced. In this cavity protrudes into a king 15, which stands on a stationary base plate 16.
  • the king 15 consists of a fixedly connected to the base plate 16 mandrel 17, a mandrel 17 enclosing the spring element 18, which in the illustrated Embodiment can be considered as a conventional basket spring, and from a spring element 18 outside enclosing membrane 19, which in turn consists of a flexible material.
  • the spring element 18 has at its upper and lower ends in each case a circumferential flange 20, wherein the membrane 19 extends between these flanges 20 and is fixed to the flanges such that the membrane 19 follows the movements of the spring element 18 respectively.
  • the spring element 18 acts as a separate drive for the targeted expansion of the king 15th
  • clamping plate 27 is arranged, which is acted upon by a correspondingly movable feed rods 26 existing drive device 25.
  • the clamping plate 27 has a projection 23 which projects into an opening formed in the base plate 13 opening 24 and in each case in abutment against the lower flange 20 of the spring element 18.
  • the base plate 16 with the projection 23 along the mandrel 17 is displaced toward the base plate 13, so the projection 23 acts as a movable first abutment 22 for the spring element 18. Since at the same time the spring element 18 at the upper end to a second, at the upper end of the Dorns 17 fixed stationary abutment 21 is supported, the distance between the two abutments 21, 22 is shortened, so that an increase in the diameter of the spring element 20 is the result.
  • the resting on the spring element 18 diaphragm 19 expands accordingly, so that a gap 41 between the inner wall 40 of the formed in the core box 10 cavity 14 and the predetermined by the shape of the membrane 19 outer contour of the expanded king 15 results. Through this gap, the shape of the feeder to be produced with its feeder body is specified.
  • feed material 30 is injected, which is distributed in the intermediate space 41.
  • a feeder body 31 is formed with side wall portion 32, lid portion 33 and bottom portion 34, the inner cavity 36 corresponding to a nearly spherical shape corresponding to that of the king in the expanded form Fig. 2 occupied space.
  • a feeder opening 35 is formed by the diameter of the foot section 37 of the king 15 formed above the displaced lower flange 20 of the spring element 18.
  • the existing between the fixed mandrel 17 and the diaphragm 19 gap is widened by means of an insertable into the space liquid or gaseous medium, so that the outer diameter of the diaphragm 19 is increased accordingly and thus the Suiter volume of the feeder body 31 serving inner cavity forms.
  • the liquid or gaseous medium as a separate drive for the targeted expansion of the king 15. This is associated with a corresponding constructive simplification of the apparatus or core box required for carrying out the method.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines zum Einsetzen in eine beim Gießen von Metallen verwendete Gießform vorgesehenen Speisers, bestehend aus einem einen inneren Hohlraum als Speiservolumen umschließenden, aus einem exothermen und/oder isolierenden Speisermaterial bestehenden, jeweils einen seitlichen Wandbereich, einen Deckelbereich sowie einen einem in der Gießform ausgebildeten Formhohlraum zugewandten Bodenbereich aufweisenden Speiserkorpus, wobei in dem Bodenbereich eine Speiseröffnung zum Verbinden des inneren Hohlraums des Speiserkorpus mit dem Formhohlraum der Gießform während des Gießvorganges ausgebildet ist und der innere Hohlraum in wenigstens einem Teilbereich einen größeren Durchmesser als der Durchmesser der Speiseröffnung aufweist, und wobei der Speiserkorpus durch Schießen in einer Kernschießmaschine hergestellt wird, wobei zur Herstellung eines einstückigen Speiserkorpus mit der vorgegebenen Formgebung in einem zweiteiligen Kernkasten mit Unterkasten und Oberkasten ein die äußere Kontur des Speiserkorpus nachbildender Hohlraum ausgebildet und. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner einen zur Herstellung eines Speiserkorpus geeigneten Kernkasten zum Einsatz in der Kernschießmaschine.The invention relates to a method for producing a feeder intended for insertion into a casting mold used in the casting of metals, consisting of an inner cavity as feeder volume enclosing, consisting of an exothermic and / or insulating feeder material, in each case a lateral wall portion, a lid portion and a a feeder opening for connecting the inner cavity of the feeder body to the mold cavity of the mold during the casting process is formed in the bottom region and the inner cavity in at least a portion of a larger diameter than the diameter of the feeder opening and wherein the feeder body is produced by shooting in a core shooter, wherein for producing a one-piece feeder body with the predetermined shape in a two-piece core box n formed with a lower box and upper box a the outer contour of the feeder body reproducing cavity and. The invention further relates to a core box suitable for producing a feeder body for use in the core shooting machine.

In der Gießereitechnik ist es häufig notwendig, in den Gießformen zusätzliche Speiser anzuordnen, deren Speiserkorpus sich beim Abguss des Gussstückes mit dem flüssigen Metall füllt und bei der Erstarrung des Gussstückes auftretende Volumendefizite ausgleicht, um eine Lunkerbildung im Gussstück zu verhindern. Dazu müssen die Speiser so beschaffen sein, dass das darin eingespeiste flüssige Metall später als das Gussstück erstarrt, damit während des Erstarrungsvorganges ein Materialtransport zum Gussstück hin stattfinden kann, der das Gussstück dichtspeist. Hierzu bestehen die Speiser aus einem exothermen und/oder isolierenden Material. Wesentlich für die Eignung eines Speisers ist dessen Speisermodul als Verhältnis des Speiservolumens zur Oberfläche des Speisers, welches eine geometrische Kennzahl für die Erstarrungsgeschwindigkeit des beim Gießvorgang in den inneren Hohlraum des Speisers eingetretenen Metalls ist. Die inneren Hohlräume von Speisern sind häufig zylindrisch ausgebildet, was deren Herstellung in einer Kernschießmaschine erleichtert, weil die Zylinderform des im Speiserkorpus auszubildenden inneren Hohlraums keine besonderen Anforderungen an die Ausbildung der entsprechenden Form für eine Kernschießmaschine bedeutet. Vorteilhafter im Hinblick auf das Speisermodul sind jedoch innere Hohlräume mit einer fassähnlichen oder einer Kugelform angenäherten Gestalt, wobei auch kompliziertere Hohlraumgeometrien aus gießtechnischen Gründen angestrebt werden können, wie beispielsweise hinsichtlich eines Speisers in der DE 295 10 068 U1 beschrieben ist.In foundry technology, it is often necessary to place additional feeders in the molds, whose feeder body fills with the liquid metal during the casting of the casting and compensates for volume deficits which occur during the solidification of the casting, in order to prevent voids being formed in the casting. For this purpose, the feeders must be such that the liquid metal fed therein solidifies later than the casting, so that during the solidification process, a material transport can take place towards the casting, which tightly feeds the casting. For this purpose, the feeders consist of an exothermic and / or insulating material. Essential for the suitability of a feeder is its feeder module as the ratio of the feeder volume to Surface of the feeder, which is a geometric index of the rate of solidification of the occurred during the casting process in the inner cavity of the feeder metal. The inner cavities of feeders are often cylindrical, which facilitates their manufacture in a core shooter because the cylindrical shape of the inner cavity to be formed in the feeder body does not impose any special requirements for the formation of the corresponding mold for a core shooter. However, more advantageous with respect to the feeder module are internal cavities with a barrel-like or a spherical shape approximate shape, with more complicated cavity geometries can be sought for casting reasons, such as with respect to a feeder in the DE 295 10 068 U1 is described.

Allerdings ist mit derartigen Speisern der Nachteil einer aufwändigen Herstellung verbunden, weil die Gestalt eines Hinterschnittgestaltungen aufweisenden inneren Hohlraums bei in einer Kernschießmaschine herzustellenden Speisern den Einsatz entsprechender Kerngeometrien in der Schießform zur Herstellung des Speisers erfordert. Da das Entformen eines einstückig hergestellten Speiserkorpus aus einer Schießform das Problem aufwirft, die den inneren Hohlraum ausbildenden Kerne über die einen geringeren Durchmesser als der innere Hohlraum aufweisende Speiseröffnung zu entfernen, werden derartige Speiser aus zwei getrennten Teilen hergestellt, die zum Bilden eines einheitlichen Speiserkorpus zusammengefügt und miteinander vorzugsweise durch Verkleben verbunden werden.However, with such feeders the disadvantage of a complex production is connected, because the shape of an undercut having internal cavity requires to be produced in a core shooter feeders the use of corresponding core geometries in the shooting mold for the production of the feeder. Since demolding an integrally molded feeder body from a gun mold poses the problem of removing the inner cavity forming cores beyond the feeder opening having a smaller diameter than the inner cavity, such risers are made from two separate parts which join together to form a unitary feeder body and preferably joined together by gluing.

Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Speisers mit den eingangs genannten Merkmalen ist zudem aus CN 102 363 205 A und JP H11 277182 A bekannt.A method for producing a feeder with the features mentioned is also made CN 102 363 205 A and JP H11 277182 A known.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren sowie einen Kernkasten zur Herstellung eines Speisers mit der vorgegebenen Formgebung anzugeben, mittels dessen bei vereinfachtem Verfahrensablauf ein einstückiger Speiserkorpus hergestellt werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object, a method and a core box for producing a feeder with the predetermined shape specify, by means of which a one-piece feeder body can be produced in a simplified procedure.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich einschließlich vorteilhafter Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung aus dem Inhalt der Patentansprüche, welche dieser Beschreibung nachgestellt sind.The solution to this problem arises, including advantageous refinements and developments of the invention from the content of the claims, which are adjusted to this description.

Die Erfindung sieht hierzu ein Verfahren vor, bei welchem in den Hohlraum zur Herstellung des inneren Hohlraums im Speiserkorpus ein in seiner Außenkontur reversibel aufweitbarer König eingestellt wird derart, dass beim Schießen des Speiserkorpus dessen Wandbereich, Deckelbereich und Bodenbereich jeweils durch das in den Zwischenraum zwischen dem aufgeweiteten König und der Innenwandung des Hohlraums eingebrachte Speisermaterial ausgebildet wird, wobei die im Bodenbereich des Speiserkorpus angeordnete Speiseröffnung durch einen einen ersten Durchmesser vorgebenden Fußabschnitt des Königs ausgebildet ist und der König in seiner nicht-aufgeweiteten Stellung den Durchmesser des Fußabschnitts nicht überragt, so dass der fertig geschossene Speiserkorpus beim Entformen aus dem Kernkasten mit seiner Speiseröffnung von dem König abgenommen werden kann.The invention provides for this purpose a method in which in the cavity for the production of the inner cavity in the feeder body in its outer contour reversibly expandable king is set such that when shooting the feeder body whose wall portion, lid portion and bottom portion each by the in the space between the expanded king and the inner wall of the cavity introduced feeder material is formed, wherein the arranged in the bottom region of the feeder body feed opening is formed by a first diameter predetermining foot portion of the king and the king in its unexpanded position does not exceed the diameter of the foot portion, so that the finished shot feeder body can be removed from the king during demolding from the core box with its mouth opening.

Mit der Erfindung ist der Vorteil verbunden, dass die Kerntechnik zur Herstellung des inneren Hohlraumes eines im Kernschießverfahren hergestellten Speiserkorpus durch den in seiner Außenkontur aufweitbaren König ersetzt wird, wobei der von dem aufgeweiteten König eingenommene Raum innerhalb des im Kernkasten ausgeführten und die äußere Kontur des Speiserkorpus nachbildenden Hohlraums den inneren Hohlraum des fertig geschossenen Speiserkorpus ausbildet. Dabei erfolgt die Aufweitung des Königs gezielt mittels eines gesonderten Antriebs und ist reversibel eingerichtet, damit der König im Anschluss an den Schießvorgang seine ursprüngliche Ausgangsgestalt wieder einnimmt. Da der König in seiner Ausgangsgestalt, d.h. in seiner nicht-aufgeweiteten Stellung, den Durchmesser seines die Speiseröffnung festlegenden Fußabschnitts nicht überragt, ist der Speiserkorpus beim Entformen von dem König abnehmbar, wobei der Speiserkorpus mit seiner Speiseröffnung über die vollständige Länge des Königs gleitet, oder alternativ der König aus dem Kernkasten und damit aus dem durch den Schießvorgang hergestellten inneren Hohlraum des Speiserkorpus herausfahrbar ist, so dass der Speiserkorpus aus dem Kernkasten beziehungsweise aus dessen Unter- und Oberkasten entnommen werden kann.The invention has the advantage that the core technology for producing the inner cavity of a feeder body produced in core shooting method is replaced by the king expandable in its outer contour, wherein the space occupied by the expanded king within the executed in the core box and the outer contour of the feeder body the cavity of the finished cavity Feeder body trains. The expansion of the king is targeted by means of a separate drive and is reversible, so that the king resumes its original initial shape after the shooting process. Since the king in its initial shape, ie in its unexpanded position, the diameter of its opening defining the Speiseröffnung not surmounted, the feeder body is removable during removal from the king, the feeder body slides with its feeder opening over the full length of the king, or Alternatively, the king from the core box and thus out of the inner cavity of the feeder body produced by the shooting process can be moved out, so that the feeder body can be removed from the core box or from the lower and upper box.

Nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der König aus einem festen Dorn und aus einer diesen umschließenden flexiblen Membran besteht und die Membran nach Einstellen des Königs in den im Kernkasten ausgebildeten Hohlraum mittels einer Vergrößerung ihres Durchmessers gezielt aufgeweitet wird. Die Anordnung der gesonderten, aus einem flexiblen Material bestehenden Membran gibt die Möglichkeit, in einfacher Weise für eine Aufweitung des Königs zu sorgen. Weiterhin kann durch die gewählte Zuschnittsform der Membran eine Vorgabe der Gestalt des inneren Hohlraums des späteren Speiserkorpus erfolgen, so dass unterschiedliche Konturen des inneren Hohlraums von entsprechend gefertigten Speisern hergestellt werden können.According to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the king consists of a solid mandrel and of a flexible membrane enclosing it and the membrane is deliberately expanded by setting the king in the cavity formed in the core box by means of an enlargement of its diameter. The arrangement of the separate, made of a flexible material membrane gives the possibility to easily provide for a widening of the king. Furthermore, by the selected blank shape of the membrane, a specification of the shape of the inner cavity of the subsequent feeder body can be made, so that different contours of the inner cavity can be made by appropriately manufactured feeders.

In einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass in den Zwischenraum zwischen der Membran und dem festen Dorn zur gezielten Aufweitung der Membran ein gasförmiges oder flüssiges Medium eingebracht und zum Entformen des geschossenen Speiserkorpus aus dem Zwischenraum abgelassen wird. Dabei wirkt das Medium als gesonderter Antrieb.In a first embodiment of the invention, it is provided that a gaseous or liquid medium is introduced into the intermediate space between the membrane and the fixed mandrel for the targeted widening of the membrane and is discharged from the intermediate space for demolding the shot feeder body. The medium acts as a separate drive.

Im Zuge einer mechanischen Ausbildung des aufweitbaren Königs kann alternativ vorgesehen sein, dass in dem Zwischenraum zwischen Membran und festem Dorn ein sich über die Länge des Königs erstreckendes, sich zwischen zwei dem Dorn zugeordneten Widerlagern abstützendes Federelement angeordnet ist, dessen Durchmesser sich bei einer Verringerung des Abstandes zwischen den Widerlagern vergrößert und dadurch die außen liegende Membran gezielt aufweitet, und welches bei einer anschließenden Vergrößerung des Abstandes bis zur Ausgangsstellung des Königs seine ursprünglich gestreckte Form wiedererlangt. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel wirkt das Federelement als gesonderter Antrieb für die Aufweitung des Königs. Somit ist es möglich, durch Verringerung des Abstandes zwischen den das Federelement stützenden Widerlagern für ein entsprechendes Aufspannen des Federelementes zu sorgen, während im Anschluss an den Schießvorgang die Vergrößerung des Abstandes eine Rückkehr des Federelementes in seiner Ausgangslage zur Folge hat, in welcher auch der König wieder seine ursprüngliche Gestalt einnimmt.In the course of a mechanical design of the expandable king may alternatively be provided that in the space between the membrane and a fixed mandrel extending over the length of the king, is arranged between two mandrel associated abutments supporting spring element whose diameter decreases in a Increased distance between the abutments and thereby expands the outer membrane targeted, and which regained its original elongated shape at a subsequent increase in the distance to the starting position of the king. In this embodiment, the spring element acts as a separate drive for the expansion of the king. Thus, it is possible to provide by reducing the distance between the spring element supporting abutments for a corresponding clamping of the spring element, while following the shooting operation, the increase in the distance has a return of the spring element in its initial position result in which the king returns to its original shape.

Im Einzelnen kann hierzu vorgesehen sein, dass dem mit seinem Unterkasten auf einer Grundplatte aufgesetzten Kernkasten eine fixe Basisplatte mit dem darauf befestigten Dorn und eine relativ zur Basisplatte und dem Dorn in Richtung der den Kernkasten tragenden Grundplatte bewegliche Spannplatte zugeordnet ist, die mit einem ein erstes Widerlager für das Federelement bildenden Vorsprung längs des Dorns in eine in der Grundplatte befindliche Öffnung einfahrbar ist und dabei den Abstand zu einem am oberen Ende des Dorns ausgebildeten zweiten Widerlager verkürzt und die Durchmesservergrößerung des Federelementes herbeiführt. Durch das Einfahren des Vorsprunges mittels der Spannplatte wird das insoweit bewegliche Widerlager für das Federelement in Richtung auf das andere, ortsfeste Widerlager verschoben, so dass sich der Abstand verkürzt und dadurch das Federelement aufgespannt und in seinem Durchmesser vergrößert wird.Specifically, this can be provided that the attached with its lower box on a base plate core box a fixed base plate associated with the mandrel and a relative to the base plate and the mandrel in the direction of the core box-bearing base plate movable clamping plate is associated with a first Abutment for the spring element forming projection along the mandrel in an opening located in the base plate is retractable and thereby shortens the distance to a formed at the upper end of the mandrel second abutment and causes the increase in diameter of the spring element. By retracting the projection by means of the clamping plate so far movable abutment is moved for the spring element in the direction of the other, fixed abutment, so that shortens the distance and thereby the spring element is clamped and increased in diameter.

Hierzu kann nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung vorgesehen sein, dass sich das den Dorn umgreifende Federelement mit einem jeweils an seinen beiden Enden ausgebildeten Flansch gegen die beiden Widerlager abstützt und die aufweitbare Membran zwischen den Flanschen des Federelementes verläuft. Hierbei kann vorgesehen sein, dass die aus einem flexiblen Material bestehende Membran an den Flanschen des Federelementes befestigt ist, so dass die Membran den Bewegungen des Federelementes jeweils folgt.For this purpose, according to an embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the spring element embracing the mandrel is supported against the two abutments by a flange formed at each of its two ends and the expandable membrane extends between the flanges of the spring element. It can be provided that the existing membrane of a flexible material is attached to the flanges of the spring element, so that the membrane follows the movements of the spring element respectively.

Gemäß einer zweckmäßigen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Federelement aus einer an sich bekannten Korbfeder besteht, die nach einer durch Aufbringen einer Spannung herbeigeführten Formänderung selbsttätig wieder ihre ursprüngliche Gestalt einnimmt.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the spring element consists of a per se known basket spring, which automatically resumes its original shape after a induced by applying a voltage change in shape.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner einen zur Durchführung des Herstellungsverfahrens geeigneten Kernkasten, der aus einem Oberkasten und einem Unterkasten sowie einem in dem Kernkasten einstellbaren König besteht; hierbei ist im Besonderen vorgesehen, dass der König ein in seiner Außenkontur reversibel mittels eines Antriebs gezielt aufweitbarer König ist.The invention further relates to a suitable for carrying out the manufacturing process core box, which consists of a top box and a lower box and an adjustable in the core box King; In this case, it is provided in particular that the king is reversibly in his outer contour reversible by a drive king expandable.

Hierzu ist nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der König aus einem festen Dorn und aus einer diesen umschließenden flexiblen Membran besteht und die Membran mittels einer Vergrößerung ihres Durchmessers aufweitbar ist.For this purpose, according to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the king consists of a solid mandrel and of a flexible membrane enclosing it and the membrane can be expanded by means of an enlargement of its diameter.

In einer ersten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass an den Zwischenraum zwischen dem festen Dorn und der Membran wenigstens eine Leitung angeschlossen ist, mittels der zur gezielten Ausweitung des Königs ein gasförmiges oder flüssiges Medium in den Zwischenraum einleitbar und aus dem Zwischenraum herausführbar ist.In a first embodiment it is provided that at least one line is connected to the intermediate space between the fixed mandrel and the membrane, by means of the targeted expansion of the king, a gaseous or liquid medium in the intermediate space can be introduced and led out of the intermediate space.

Alternativ kann vorgesehen sein, dass in dem Zwischenraum zwischen dem festen Dorn und der Membran zur gezielten Aufweitung des Königs ein Federelement angeordnet ist, durch dessen Spannung der Durchmesser der Membran vergrößerbar und durch dessen anschließende Endspannung der Durchmesser der Membran in den Ausgangszustand zurückführbar ist.Alternatively it can be provided that in the intermediate space between the fixed mandrel and the membrane for targeted expansion of the king, a spring element is arranged by the voltage of which the diameter of the membrane can be enlarged and returned by the subsequent end of the diameter of the membrane in the initial state.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wiedergegeben, welches nachstehend beschrieben ist. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Kernkasten zum Schießen eines Speiserkorpus mit einem dem Kernkasten zugeordneten König vor Beginn des Schießvorganges,
Fig. 2
den Gegenstand der Fig. 1 nach dem Verfahren einer Spannplatte und dadurch bewirkter Aufweitung des Königs,
Fig. 3
den Gegenstand der Fig. 2 nach dem Einschießen des Speisermaterials,
Fig. 4
den Gegenstand der Fig. 3 nach dem Zurückfahren der Spannplatte und dadurch bewirkter Rückführung des Königs in dessen Ausgangsgestalt,
Fig. 5
den Gegenstand der Fig. 4 während des Entformens des geschossenen Speiserkorpus bei weggenommenem Oberkasten des Kernkastens.
In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is reproduced, which is described below. Show it:
Fig. 1
a core box for shooting a feeder body with a king assigned to the core box before the start of the shooting process,
Fig. 2
the object of Fig. 1 after the method of a clamping plate and thereby effected expansion of the king,
Fig. 3
the object of Fig. 2 after injecting the feeder material,
Fig. 4
the object of Fig. 3 after the return of the clamping plate and thereby effected return of the king in its original shape,
Fig. 5
the object of Fig. 4 during demolding of the shot feeder body with the top box of the core box removed.

Der in Fig. 1 schematisch dargestellte Kernkasten 10 zur Herstellung eines Speiserkorpus im Kernschießverfahren besteht aus einem Unterkasten 11 und einem Oberkasten 12, wobei der Kernkasten 10 auf einer Grundplatte 13 steht. Im Inneren des Kernkastens 10 ist gemeinsam in Unterkasten 11 und Oberkasten 12 ein Hohlraum 14 ausgebildet, der die äußere Kontur des herzustellenden Speiserkorpus nachbildet. In diesen Hohlraum ragt ein König 15 hinein, der auf einer ortsfest angeordneten Basisplatte 16 steht. Der König 15 besteht aus einem fest mit der Basisplatte 16 verbundenen Dorn 17, einem den Dorn 17 umschließenden Federelement 18, welches bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel als übliche Korbfeder aufgefasst werden kann, und aus einer das Federelement 18 außen umschließenden Membran 19, die ihrerseits aus einem flexiblen Material besteht. Das Federelement 18 weist an seinem oberen und unteren Ende jeweils einen umlaufenden Flansch 20 auf, wobei sich die Membran 19 zwischen diesen Flanschen 20 erstreckt und an den Flanschen derart befestigt ist, dass die Membran 19 den Bewegungen des Federelementes 18 jeweils folgt. Insofern wirkt das Federelement 18 als gesonderter Antrieb für das gezielte Aufweiten des Königs 15.The in Fig. 1 schematically shown core box 10 for producing a feeder body in Kernschießverfahren consists of a lower box 11 and a top box 12, wherein the core box 10 is on a base plate 13. Inside the core box 10, a cavity 14 is formed together in the lower box 11 and upper box 12, which molds the outer contour of the feeder body to be produced. In this cavity protrudes into a king 15, which stands on a stationary base plate 16. The king 15 consists of a fixedly connected to the base plate 16 mandrel 17, a mandrel 17 enclosing the spring element 18, which in the illustrated Embodiment can be considered as a conventional basket spring, and from a spring element 18 outside enclosing membrane 19, which in turn consists of a flexible material. The spring element 18 has at its upper and lower ends in each case a circumferential flange 20, wherein the membrane 19 extends between these flanges 20 and is fixed to the flanges such that the membrane 19 follows the movements of the spring element 18 respectively. In this respect, the spring element 18 acts as a separate drive for the targeted expansion of the king 15th

Zwischen der Basisplatte 16 und der den Kernkasten 10 tragenden Grundplatte 13 ist eine in Richtung auf den Kernkasten 10 bewegliche Spannplatte 27 angeordnet, die von einer aus entsprechend beweglichen Vorschubstangen 26 bestehenden Antriebsvorrichtung 25 beaufschlagt ist. Die Spannplatte 27 weist einen Vorsprung 23 auf, der in eine in der Grundplatte 13 ausgebildete Öffnung 24 hineinragt und jeweils in Anlage an dem unteren Flansch 20 des Federelementes 18 ist.Between the base plate 16 and the core box 10 bearing base plate 13 is a movable in the direction of the core box 10 clamping plate 27 is arranged, which is acted upon by a correspondingly movable feed rods 26 existing drive device 25. The clamping plate 27 has a projection 23 which projects into an opening formed in the base plate 13 opening 24 and in each case in abutment against the lower flange 20 of the spring element 18.

Wird nun vor Beginn des Schießvorganges entsprechend der Darstellung in Fig. 2 die Basisplatte 16 mit dem Vorsprung 23 längs des Dorns 17 zur Grundplatte 13 hin verschoben, so wirkt der Vorsprung 23 als ein bewegliches erstes Widerlager 22 für das Federelement 18. Da sich gleichzeitig das Federelement 18 am oberen Ende an einem zweiten, am oberen Ende des Dorns 17 fest angeordneten ortsfesten Widerlager 21 abstützt, wird der Abstand zwischen den beiden Widerlagern 21, 22 verkürzt, so dass eine Vergrößerung des Durchmessers des Federelementes 20 die Folge ist. Hierbei weitet sich die auf dem Federelement 18 aufliegende Membran 19 entsprechend auf, so dass ein Zwischenraum 41 zwischen der Innenwandung 40 des im Kernkasten 10 ausgebildeten Hohlraums 14 und der durch die Gestalt der Membran 19 vorgegebenen Außenkontur des aufgeweiteten Königs 15 ergibt. Durch diesen Zwischenraum ist die Gestalt des herzustellenden Speisers mit seinem Speiserkorpus vorgegeben.Now before the start of the shooting process as shown in Fig. 2 the base plate 16 with the projection 23 along the mandrel 17 is displaced toward the base plate 13, so the projection 23 acts as a movable first abutment 22 for the spring element 18. Since at the same time the spring element 18 at the upper end to a second, at the upper end of the Dorns 17 fixed stationary abutment 21 is supported, the distance between the two abutments 21, 22 is shortened, so that an increase in the diameter of the spring element 20 is the result. Here, the resting on the spring element 18 diaphragm 19 expands accordingly, so that a gap 41 between the inner wall 40 of the formed in the core box 10 cavity 14 and the predetermined by the shape of the membrane 19 outer contour of the expanded king 15 results. Through this gap, the shape of the feeder to be produced with its feeder body is specified.

Aus Fig. 3 ist ersichtlich, dass in besagten Zwischenraum 41 Speisermaterial 30 eingeschossen wird, welches sich in dem Zwischenraum 41 verteilt.Out Fig. 3 it can be seen that in said intermediate space 41 feed material 30 is injected, which is distributed in the intermediate space 41.

Wie weiterhin aus Fig. 4 zu entnehmen ist, wird nach Abschluss des Schießvorganges zunächst die Spannplatte 27 in ihre Ausgangsstellung gemäß Fig. 1 zurückverfahren, so dass der Abstand zwischen dem oberen Widerlager 21 und dem an dem Vorsprung 23 ausgebildeten beweglichen Widerlager 22 vergrößert wird. Aufgrund dieser Abstandsvergrößerung kann sich das Federelement 18 entspannen und erneut seine gestreckte Lage einnehmen, wodurch auch die Membran 19 dieser Bewegung folgt, so dass der König 15 seine nicht-aufgeweitete Stellung einnimmt. Es ist deutlich sichtbar, dass ein Speiserkorpus 31 mit seitlichem Wandbereich 32, Deckelbereich 33 und Bodenbereich 34 ausgeformt ist, wobei der innere Hohlraum 36 eine nahezu kugelförmige Gestalt entsprechend dem von dem König in der aufgeweiteten Form entsprechend Fig. 2 eingenommenen Raum aufweist. Im Bodenbereich 34 des Speiserkorpus 31 ist durch den Durchmesser des über den verschobenen unteren Flansch 20 des Federelementes 18 ausgebildeten Fußabschnitt 37 des Königs 15 eine Speiseröffnung 35 ausgebildet.How to continue Fig. 4 can be seen, after completion of the shooting process, first the clamping plate 27 in its initial position according to Fig. 1 back process, so that the distance between the upper abutment 21 and formed on the projection 23 movable abutment 22 is increased. Due to this increase in distance, the spring element 18 can relax and resume its extended position, whereby the membrane 19 follows this movement, so that the king 15 assumes its unexpanded position. It is clearly seen that a feeder body 31 is formed with side wall portion 32, lid portion 33 and bottom portion 34, the inner cavity 36 corresponding to a nearly spherical shape corresponding to that of the king in the expanded form Fig. 2 occupied space. In the bottom region 34 of the feeder body 31, a feeder opening 35 is formed by the diameter of the foot section 37 of the king 15 formed above the displaced lower flange 20 of the spring element 18.

Wie sich aus Fig. 5 ergibt, kann nach Wegnahme des Oberkastens der Speiserkorpus 31 aus dem insoweit offenen Unterkasten 11 entnommen werden, wobei die Speiseröffnung 35 über die Länge des nicht-aufgeweiteten Königs 15 gleiten kann.As it turned out Fig. 5 results, after removal of the upper box of the feeder body 31 can be removed from the so far open lower box 11, wherein the feeder opening 35 can slide over the length of the unexpanded king 15.

Wie nicht weiter dargestellt, kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass der zwischen dem festen Dorn 17 und der Membran 19 bestehende Zwischenraum mittels eines in den Zwischenraum einführbaren flüssigen oder gasförmigen Mediums aufgeweitet wird, so dass sich der Außendurchmesser der Membran 19 entsprechend vergrößert und dadurch den als Speiservolumen des Speiserkorpus 31 dienenden inneren Hohlraum ausbildet. Hierbei wirkt das flüssige oder gasförmige Medium als gesonderter Antrieb für das gezielte Aufweiten des Königs 15. Hiermit ist eine entsprechende konstruktive Vereinfachung der zur Durchführung des Verfahrens benötigten Vorrichtung bzw. des Kernkastens verbunden.As not shown further, it can also be provided that the existing between the fixed mandrel 17 and the diaphragm 19 gap is widened by means of an insertable into the space liquid or gaseous medium, so that the outer diameter of the diaphragm 19 is increased accordingly and thus the Speiser volume of the feeder body 31 serving inner cavity forms. Here, the liquid or gaseous medium as a separate drive for the targeted expansion of the king 15. This is associated with a corresponding constructive simplification of the apparatus or core box required for carrying out the method.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren sowie dem dafür eingerichteten Kernkasten ist somit trotz einer als Hinterschnittgestaltung anzusprechenden Kugelform des inneren Hohlraums 36 des Speiserkorpus 31 eine einstückige Herstellung eines Speiserkorpus 31 ohne das zusätzliche Einlegen beziehungsweise Entnehmen von Kernen zur Ausgestaltung des inneren Hohlraums 36 möglich.Thus, despite the ball shape of the inner cavity 36 of the feeder body 31, which is to be addressed as an undercut configuration, it is possible to produce a feeder body 31 in one piece without the additional insertion or removal of cores for the design of the inner cavity 36.

Die in der vorstehenden Beschreibung, den Patentansprüchen, der Zusammenfassung und der Zeichnung offenbarten Merkmale des Gegenstandes dieser Unterlagen können einzeln als auch in beliebigen Kombinationen untereinander für die Verwirklichung der Erfindung in ihren verschiedenen Ausführungsformen wesentlich sein.The features disclosed in the foregoing description, the claims, the abstract and the drawings of the subject matter of these documents may be essential individually as well as in any combination with each other for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments.

Claims (12)

  1. A method for producing a riser for inserting into a casting mold used for casting metals, which riser consists of a riser body (31), which riser body (31) surrounds an inner cavity (36) as a riser volume and is composed of an exothermic and/or insulating riser material (30), the riser body (31) having a respective lateral wall region (32), a cap region (33) as well as base region (34) facing a mold cavity formed in the casting mold, wherein a riser opening (35) is formed in the base region (34) for connecting the inner cavity (36) of the riser body (31) with the mold cavity of the casting mold during the casting process and the inner cavity (36) has, in at least a partial region, a diameter that is larger than the diameter of the riser opening (35), and wherein the riser body (31) is produced by shooting in a core shooter, wherein in order to produce a single-piece riser body (31) having the specified shape, a cavity (14) reproducing the outer contour of the riser body (31) is formed in a two-part core box (10) having a bottom box (11) and a top box (12), characterized in that, in order to produce the inner cavity (36) in the riser body (31), a king (15), the outer contour of which can be reversibly expanded, is set in the cavity (14) in such a way that, in the shooting of the riser body (31), the wall region (32), the cap region (33) and the base region (34) of the riser body are formed by the riser material (30) introduced into the intermediate space (41) between the expanded king (15) and the inner wall (40) of the cavity (14), wherein the riser opening (35) arranged in the base region (34) of the riser body (31) is formed by a foot segment (37) of the king (15), which foot segment specifies a first diameter, and the king (15) does not protrude beyond the diameter of the foot segment (37) in the non-expanded position of the king such that the completely shot riser body (31) can be removed from the king (15) by means of the riser opening (35) of the riser body during unmolding from the core box (10).
  2. Method according to claim 1, in which the king (15) comprises a fixed mandrel (17) and a flexible membrane (19) encompassing the mandrel (17), wherein the membrane (19), after positioning of the king (15), is expanded in the cavity (14) formed in the core box (10) by means of enlargement of its diameter.
  3. Method according to claim 2, in which, in the intermediate space between the membrane (19) and the fixed mandrel (17), for expansion of the membrane (19) a gaseous or liquid medium is introduced and is released from the intermediate space for unmolding of the shot riser body (31).
  4. Method according to claim 2, in which, in the intermediate space between the membrane (19) and the fixed mandrel (17), a spring element (18) is arranged that extends over the length of the king (15) and is braced between two abutments (21, 22) associated with the mandrel (17), wherein a diameter of the spring element (18) increases when a distance between the abutments (21, 22) decreases, and thereby the outer lying membrane (19) expands, and wherein the spring element (18) resumes its original extended form with a subsequent increase of the distance to its starting position.
  5. Method according to claim 4, in which the core box (10), with its bottom box (11) placed on a ground plate (13), is associated with a fixed base plate (16) with a mandrel (17) attached thereon and a clamping plate (27) movable relative to the base plate (16) and the mandrel (1) in the direction of the ground plate (13) supporting the core box (10), the clamping plate (27) being movable along the mandrel (17) into an opening disposed in the ground plate (13) with a projection (23) forming a first abutment (22) for the spring element (18) and thereby reduces the distance to a second abutment (21) formed on an upper end of the mandrel (17) and causes the increase in diameter of the spring element (18).
  6. Method according to claim 4 or 5, in which the spring element (18) encompassing the mandrel (17) braces with a respective flange formed on both ends against both abutments (21, 22) and the expandable membrane (19) runs between the flanges (20) of the spring element (18).
  7. Method according to claim 6, in which the membrane (19) comprising a flexible material is attached to the flanges (20) of the spring element (18).
  8. Method according to one of claims 4 through 7, in which the spring element (18) is a cage spring.
  9. Core box (10) for performing the method according to one of claims 1 through 8, comprising a top box (12) and a bottom box (11) and a king (15) positionable in the core box (10), in which the king (15) is reversibly expandable in its outer contour.
  10. Core box (10) according to claim 9, in which the king (15) comprises a fixed mandrel (17) and a flexible membrane encompassing the mandrel (17), wherein the membrane (19) is expandable by means of an increase in its diameter.
  11. Core box (10) according to claim 10, in which at least one line is connected at the intermediate space between the fixed mandrel (17) and the membrane (19), by means of which a gaseous or liquid medium can be conducted into the intermediate space and released from the intermediate space.
  12. Core box (10) according to claim 10, in which a spring element (18) is arranged in the intermediate space between the fixed element (17) and the membrane (10), by means of whose tensioning, the diameter of the membrane (19) can be increased and by means of its subsequent release, the diameter of the membrane (19) can be returned into the starting state.
EP16763261.1A 2015-09-14 2016-09-09 Method for producing a riser in a core shooter, and core box suitable for performing the method Active EP3349923B1 (en)

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DE102015115437.4A DE102015115437A1 (en) 2015-09-14 2015-09-14 Method for producing a feeder in a core shooter and core box suitable for carrying out the method
PCT/EP2016/071292 WO2017046007A1 (en) 2015-09-14 2016-09-09 Method for producing a riser in a core shooter, and core box suitable for performing the method

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EP3349923B1 true EP3349923B1 (en) 2019-08-21

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US (1) US10406595B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3349923B1 (en)
CN (1) CN108290206B (en)
DE (1) DE102015115437A1 (en)
PL (1) PL3349923T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2017046007A1 (en)

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PL3695917T3 (en) 2019-02-13 2022-02-21 GTP Schäfer Gießtechnische Produkte GmbH Feeder insert, method for producing a feeder body for the feeder insert and king and core box for producing a feeder body box
CN112756557A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-07 四川共享铸造有限公司 Atmospheric pressure spherical sand riser sleeve and manufacturing method thereof
DE102021104435A1 (en) 2021-02-24 2022-08-25 Chemex Foundry Solutions Gmbh Vertically split feeder for use in casting metals in molds and method of making same

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US4858673A (en) * 1987-10-22 1989-08-22 Caldo Internationa, Inc. Riser construction
DE29510068U1 (en) 1995-06-28 1996-10-31 Chemex Gmbh Feeders for use in casting molten metal
JPH11277182A (en) * 1998-03-30 1999-10-12 Hodogaya Ashland Kk Manufacture of sleeve for feeder
JP3344966B2 (en) * 1999-04-12 2002-11-18 保土谷アシュランド株式会社 Method for manufacturing sleeve for feeder
CN201500764U (en) * 2009-04-24 2010-06-09 江苏钢锐精密机械有限公司 Riser runner molding tooling
CN102198489B (en) * 2011-05-13 2013-01-02 无锡小天鹅精密铸造有限公司 Insulation riser and moulding method thereof
CN102363205A (en) * 2011-11-11 2012-02-29 济南圣泉倍进陶瓷过滤器有限公司 Spherical riser and die and method for preparing same
WO2014083155A1 (en) * 2012-11-29 2014-06-05 Gtp Schäfer Giesstechnische Produkte Gmbh Method for producing a feeder having an exothermic feeder body, and a feeder having an insulating external shell

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PL3349923T3 (en) 2019-12-31
WO2017046007A1 (en) 2017-03-23
CN108290206A (en) 2018-07-17
CN108290206B (en) 2019-11-15
DE102015115437A1 (en) 2017-03-16
EP3349923A1 (en) 2018-07-25
US10406595B2 (en) 2019-09-10
US20180257132A1 (en) 2018-09-13

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