EP3348732B2 - Support pour dalle à noyau creux - Google Patents

Support pour dalle à noyau creux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3348732B2
EP3348732B2 EP18150176.8A EP18150176A EP3348732B2 EP 3348732 B2 EP3348732 B2 EP 3348732B2 EP 18150176 A EP18150176 A EP 18150176A EP 3348732 B2 EP3348732 B2 EP 3348732B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
hollow
plate
core slab
core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18150176.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3348732B1 (fr
EP3348732A1 (fr
Inventor
Esko Mäkinen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Anstar Oy
Original Assignee
Anstar Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Anstar Oy filed Critical Anstar Oy
Priority to PL18150176.8T priority Critical patent/PL3348732T5/pl
Publication of EP3348732A1 publication Critical patent/EP3348732A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3348732B1 publication Critical patent/EP3348732B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • E04B1/043—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
    • E04B5/043—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement having elongated hollow cores
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B2005/173—Floor structures partly formed in situ with permanent forms for the floor edges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B2005/176—Floor structures partly formed in situ with peripheral anchors or supports
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/023—Separate connecting devices for prefabricated floor-slabs

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is a support for supporting the end of a hollow-core slab according to claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a support, typically of steel structure, which bears a concrete hollow-core slab.
  • a support typically of steel structure, which bears a concrete hollow-core slab.
  • the end of the hollow-core slab which borders on the edge of a floor opening, can be supported and suspended to adjacent hollow-core slabs so that the support is completely on the level of the hollow-core slab.
  • Prefabricated hollow-core slabs are used in a bearing floor of buildings of concrete element structure, both in roof and in base floor.
  • Hollow-core slabs are generally supported on plane beams and walls.
  • a hollow-core slab level is provided with large openings for stairs or for other inlets, the end of the hollow-core slab ends on the edge of the opening, in which there is usually no beam or wall to bear and support the end of the hollow-core slab. This is why the end of the hollow-core slab has to be supported with a separate support.
  • a support for a hollow-core slab which is supported on edges of adjacent hollow-core slabs and on which the end of the hollow-core slab is supported.
  • This support according to the prior art is produced from a steel plate, which is relatively thick (approximately 10-20 mm). The support has to be installed on its place by using a crane because of the weight of the support.
  • the support is produced from an open structure of L-shaped profile, which according to strength theory is a very disadvantageous shape for this purpose.
  • the material of the steel part is according to strength theory very disadvantageous in use, wherein the weight of the steel part is significant and thus it is expensive to produce and the weight of the steel part causes additional costs in installing.
  • Document WO 2009/156586 A1 discloses a beam for supporting hollow core slabs according to the preamble of claim 1 and a connecting structure between a pillar and a beam.
  • the beam is mounted and supported on the pillar in such a manner that the connectors at the ends of the beam extend inside the pillar at the connecting point of the beam and pillar.
  • Reinforcing steel fittings extending through the pillar at the connecting point are mounted in the area of the end of the beam.
  • the beam and connecting point are concreted, whereby after the concrete has hardened, the reinforcing steel fittings extending through the pillar serve as extension steel fittings and form continuous structures of the beams.
  • the aim of this invention is to achieve an improved support for a hollow-core slab by means of which the above mentioned problem can be reduced.
  • a support according to claim 1 which support comprises a horizontal support plate for supporting the end of the hollow-core slab, a back plate extending upwards from the horizontal support plate, end plates arranged to the ends of the support for a hollow-core slab and brackets protruding from the ends of the support for a hollow-core slab for supporting the support for a hollow-core slab on adjacent hollow-core slabs.
  • the support for a hollow-core slab comprises a front plate extending upwards from the support plate, which front plate is arranged at a distance from the back plate, and a top plate arranged between the front plate and the back plate.
  • the front plate, top plate, back plate and support plate form a case-like space, into which one or more supporting bar is arranged.
  • the weight of the support according to one embodiment of the invention is aimed to be minimized, and the manufacturing of the support is made to be simple and thus low-cost.
  • the structure of the support is made so that it suits well for serial production in a workshop, and the length of the support can be adjusted for variable opening widths without problems.
  • the support is thus cost-effective as it is lightweight and easy to produce, and it enables an easy adjustability of the length of the support.
  • the thicknesses of the plates of the support for a hollow-core slab according to one embodiment of the invention are between 4-8 mm due to optimal box-type structure according to strength of materials, which reduces significantly the weight of the structure and brings cost savings. Still the same load bearing capacity of the end of the hollow-core slab is achieved with the invention than with structures according to the prior art. Additionally, with this support, wider floor openings can be supported than with solutions according to the prior art, since a closed box-type structure is the most optimal for this purpose and a corresponding box-type structure is not presented in the prior art solutions for a support for the end of the hollow-core slab.
  • a support for a hollow-core slab has to function on hollow-core slab level in three different constructional loading situations.
  • the support supports only the own weight of the hollow-core slab so that the hollow-core slab level can be installed without separate installing supports.
  • the inside of the box of the support and the space between the hollow-core slab and the support are cast full with concrete.
  • the support starts to function together with concrete and hollow-core slabs in composite effect, wherein the support transfers the weight of the hollow-core slab and all its effective loads also to adjacent hollow-core slabs.
  • a third operating situation is a fire situation. Then the outer surface of steel of the support is exposed to fire, wherein it is out of use and cannot bear the load.
  • the support has to be able to transfer also in this third design situation the load of the hollow-core slabs to adjacent hollow-core slabs, when a part of the structure of the support is out of use in a fire situation.
  • the form of the support for a hollow-core slab is made to be box-like and comprises brackets protruding from the ends of the support for a hollow-core slab for supporting the support for a hollow-core slab on adjacent hollow-core slabs, and that there are three supporting bars arranged in the box-type space, of which a supporting bar is attached to a corner of the front plate and the top plate, the second supporting bar is attached to the lower part of the front plate, and the third supporting bar is loose in the space or attached to the back plate.
  • a supporting bar is attached to a corner of the front plate and the top plate
  • the second supporting bar is attached to the lower part of the front plate
  • the third supporting bar is loose in the space or attached to the back plate.
  • the inside and the outside of the box is cast full with concrete, wherein they function together with the casing as a load-bearing structure for every load of the operating situation.
  • the outer surface and the bottom of the box do not function anymore as a load-bearing structure, since their temperature increases too much.
  • the front plate and the top plate as well as the supporting bar welded to the box and the loose supporting bars function as a load-bearing structure, and the support is capable of transferring the loads of hollow-core slabs to adjacent slabs in a fire situation.
  • the support does not need a separate fire protection, which is also a basic prerequisite for support solutions.
  • the support is supported on the adjacent hollow-core slabs according to the invention.
  • the inventiveness of a support for a hollow-core slab is formed of a case-type structure produced of relative thin (4-8 mm) steel plates, which structure bears the loads transferred from the hollow-core slab.
  • the advantageousness of the case-type structure is based on its feature and capability to transfer a significant torque according to the strength theory, which is not the case in the solutions according to state of the art.
  • the box is strengthened with one or more supporting bars, for example with a corrugating bar, which functions in a fire situation also as a load-bearing structure, when the plates of the visible outer surface of the box are out of use in a fire situation.
  • the concrete to be cast inside the box forms a protective structure for the front plate and for the supporting bar in a fire situation, wherein no separate fire protection is needed. Additionally, concrete functions as a load-bearing composite structure together with steel parts of the support. The support functions in three different design situations according to strength theory.
  • the inventiveness of the support for a hollow-core slab according to one embodiment of the invention is based on the solution, in which the plates forming a box can be bent to a form of an angle bar and they will be welded together thereafter.
  • the box can be produced as a long structure, wherein a support of a suitable length needed can be sawn from it and manufacturing is thus simplified, since the length of the support is freely adjustable according to purchase orders.
  • the box also forms a required casting mold and a visible surface for the support.
  • the front plate of the box is typically set into a slightly inclined position, and concrete feed openings are made into the front plate, with the aid of which concrete feed openings the inside of the box can be cast and the second stage concrete can be made to function together with the box as a composite structure. Additionally, there are air venting openings in the top surface of the box, with the aid of which air venting openings the filling of the box with concrete can be checked reliably.
  • the weight of the support can be made significantly lower compared to a support of the prior art, and the manufacturing costs can be reduced significantly compared to other solution of the prior art.
  • a support 1 for a hollow-core slab presented in the drawings is used to support the end of the hollow-core slab 3a bordering to the opening or the ends of the hollow-core slabs 3a on adjacent hollow-core slabs 3b.
  • the support 1 for a hollow-core slab comprises a horizontal support plate 2 for supporting the end of the hollow-core slab 3a to be supported, and a vertical back plate 4, which extends upwards from the horizontal support plate 2.
  • the vertical back plate 4 extends directly upwards from the horizontal support plate 2.
  • the horizontal support plate 2 and the vertical back plate 4 form a profile of L-shaped cross-section.
  • the horizontal support plate 2 and the vertical back plate 4 are produced from a same plate by bending.
  • the support 1 for a hollow-core slab comprises a front plate 7 extending inclined upwards from the horizontal support plate 2, which front plate 7 is arranged at a distance from the back plate 4.
  • the front plate 7 is attached from its lower edge to the support plate 2.
  • the front plate 7 slants towards the back plate 4 when going upwards.
  • a top plate 8, which attaches to the back plate 4 is arranged between the upper edge of the front plate 7 and the back plate 4.
  • the top plate 8 is attached to the back plate 4 underneath its upper edge at a distance from the upper edge of the back plate 4.
  • the part of the back plate 4, which is above the top plate 8 protrudes upwards from the attachment point of the top plate 8 and forms a protruding part, which forms a casting mold for concreting.
  • the top plate 8 is horizontal.
  • the front plate 7 and the back plate 4 are connected to each other with the aid of the top plate 8.
  • the top plate 8 and the front plate 7 are produced from a same plate by bending.
  • the front plate 7, top plate 8, back plate 4 and/or support plate 2 form a box-type space 10, which is filled with concrete after the support 1 has been installed.
  • There are concrete feed openings 9 in the front plate 7 for feeding concrete into the space 10.
  • the opening 14 is smaller than the concrete feed opening 9.
  • the thickness of the front plate 7, top plate 8, back plate 4 and/or support plate 2 is 4-8 mm.
  • the support 1 for a hollow-core slab comprises end plates 5 arranged in the ends of the support 1, and brackets 6 protruding from the ends of the support 1 for supporting the support 1 on hollow-core slabs 3b in its ends.
  • the brackets 6 comprise attachment openings 12, through which screws can be adjusted for attaching the support 1 to the hollow-core slab 3b.
  • the end plate 5 and the bracket 6 protruding from it are produced from a same plate by bending.
  • the end plates 5 are attached to the support plate 2 and to the back plate 4 by welding.
  • Three supporting bars 11a, 11b, 11c for example corrugated bars, are arranged in the space 10, i.e. in the box between the front plate 7 and the back plate 4.
  • the supporting bars are arranged longitudinally between the end plates 5.
  • the supporting bar 11a is attached to the corner between the front plate 7 and the top plate 8.
  • the second supporting bar 11b is attached to the lower part of the front plate 7, for example below the concrete feed opening.
  • the third supporting bar 11c is loose inside the box 10.
  • the third supporting bar 11c is attached to the back plate 4, for example at the same height than the other supporting bar 11b.
  • a torsional steel 15 which in terms of its shape is a deformed bar bent to a form of rectangle, is arranged to the support 1, the aim of which is to transfer the torque coming from the eccentric support of the end of the hollow-core slab 3 to the support 1.
  • the end of the torsional steel 15 is threaded on point of joint of the hollow-core slab 3 through the opening 14 inside the box 10 before casting.
  • Support 1 for a hollow-core slab is installed in its place as follows.
  • the support 1 is supported between two hollow-core slabs 3b by fitting the brackets 6 against top surfaces of the hollow-core slabs.
  • the support 1 is attached on its place with screws fitted through the attachment openings 12.
  • End of the hollow-core slab to be supported or the ends of the hollow-core slabs are set on the horizontal support plate 2 in front of the front plate 7.
  • the space 10 between back plate 4, front plate 7 and top plate 8 is filled with concrete through the concrete feed openings 9.
  • the space between the hollow-core slab 3a to be supported and the front plate 7 and the space above the top plate 8 is filled with concrete.
  • the support 1 functions so that the support plate 2 and the back plate 4 are not bearing parts for the structure any more.
  • the bearing structure for the support 1 is then formed by the front plate 7 and top plate 8 and by the supporting bars 11a, 11b, 11c as well as by the concrete cast around them inside the box 10 and outside of it. All the structures stay attached to the hollow-core slab 3a with the aid of the torsional steel 15, which attaches to the joint 16 between the hollow-core slabs 3a.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Bathtub Accessories (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Support (1) pour une dalle à noyau creux comprenant une plaque de support horizontale (2) pour supporter une extrémité de la dalle à noyau creux, une plaque arrière (4) s'étendant vers le haut depuis la plaque de support horizontale (2), des plaques d'extrémité (5) agencées aux extrémités du support (1) pour une dalle à noyau creux, et une plaque avant (7) s'étendant vers le haut depuis la plaque de support (2), la plaque avant (7) étant agencée à une distance de la plaque arrière (4), et une plaque supérieure (8), les plaque avant (7), plaque supérieure (8), plaque arrière (4) et plaque de support (2) forment un espace de type boîte (10), dans lequel une ou plusieurs barres de support (11a, 11b, 11c) sont agencées, caractérisé en ce que le support (1) pour une dalle à noyau creux comprend des équerres de fixation (6) faisant saillie depuis les extrémités du support (1) pour une dalle à noyau creux pour supporter le support (1) pour une dalle à noyau creux sur des dalles à noyau creux adjacentes (3b), et qu'il y a trois barres de support agencées dans l'espace de type boîte (10), dont une barre de support (11a) est attachée à un coin de la plaque avant (7) et de la plaque supérieure (8), la deuxième barre de support (11b) est attachée à la partie inférieure de la plaque avant (7), et la troisième barre de support (11c) est libre dans l'espace (10) or attachée à la plaque arrière (4).
  2. Support (1) pour une dalle à noyau creux selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il y a des ouvertures de fourniture de béton (9) dans la plaque avant (7) pour fournir du béton dans l'espace (10), et il y a des ouvertures d'évacuation d'air (13) dans la plaque supérieure (8) pour évacuer de l'air depuis l'espace (10).
  3. Support (1) pour une dalle à noyau creux selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la plaque supérieure (8) est attachée à la plaque arrière (4) en dessous de son bord supérieur, et la plaque arrière (4) s'étend vers le haut depuis le point d'attache de la plaque supérieure (8).
  4. Support (1) pour une dalle à noyau creux selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de support (2) et la plaque arrière (4) sont produites à partir d'une même plaque par pliage.
  5. Support (1) pour une dalle à noyau creux selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la plaque avant (7) et la plaque supérieure (8) sont produites à partir d'une même plaque par pliage.
  6. Support (1) pour une dalle à noyau creux selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, qui est conçu pour fonctionner dans une situation d'incendie d'un bâtiment, caractérisé en ce que la structure porteuse du support (1) comprend une structure formée par une plaque avant (7), une plaque supérieure (8) et une barre de support ou des barres de support (11a, 11b, 11c) agencées dans l'espace de type boîte (10), la structure étant agencée pour s'attacher au joint en béton (16) entre des dalles à noyau creux (3a) devant être supportées par du béton devant être coulé dans l'espace de type boîte (10) et par de l'acier en torsion (15).
EP18150176.8A 2017-01-16 2018-01-03 Support pour dalle à noyau creux Active EP3348732B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL18150176.8T PL3348732T5 (pl) 2017-01-16 2018-01-03 Wspornik dla płyty z pustym rdzeniem

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FIU20174009U FI11529U1 (fi) 2017-01-16 2017-01-16 Ontelolaatan kannake
FI20175052A FI127374B2 (fi) 2017-01-16 2017-01-23 Ontelolaatan kannake

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3348732A1 EP3348732A1 (fr) 2018-07-18
EP3348732B1 EP3348732B1 (fr) 2020-02-26
EP3348732B2 true EP3348732B2 (fr) 2023-06-07

Family

ID=58672153

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18150176.8A Active EP3348732B2 (fr) 2017-01-16 2018-01-03 Support pour dalle à noyau creux

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3348732B2 (fr)
FI (2) FI11529U1 (fr)
LT (1) LT3348732T (fr)
PL (1) PL3348732T5 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111622406A (zh) * 2020-05-22 2020-09-04 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种空心混凝土楼盖板

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994019560A1 (fr) † 1993-02-17 1994-09-01 Deltatek Oy Poutre composite prefabriquee en acier-beton

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1208939B (it) * 1982-06-21 1989-07-10 Ernesto Pitto Trave in lamiera a guscio e suo procedimento di utilizzazione per pannelli di solaio in struttura mista
FI85745C (fi) 1989-04-13 1993-02-23 Peikkorakenne Oy Brandsaeker prefabricerad staolbalk
ES2220236B1 (es) * 2004-06-24 2005-07-01 Hormigones Prefabricados De España, S.A. "estructura de edificio multiplanta".
FI125420B (fi) * 2008-06-27 2015-10-15 Peikko Finland Oy Menetelmä pilarin ja palkin välisen liitosrakenteen muodostamiseksi ja pilarin ja palkin välinen liitosrakenne

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994019560A1 (fr) † 1993-02-17 1994-09-01 Deltatek Oy Poutre composite prefabriquee en acier-beton

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LT3348732T (lt) 2020-06-10
FI11529Z1 (fi) 2023-03-24
FI20175052A (fi) 2018-04-30
FI127374B2 (fi) 2023-03-21
EP3348732B1 (fr) 2020-02-26
FI11529U1 (fi) 2017-01-30
EP3348732A1 (fr) 2018-07-18
PL3348732T5 (pl) 2023-10-09
FI127374B (fi) 2018-04-30
PL3348732T3 (pl) 2020-07-27

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