EP3344813A1 - Method for operating a paper machine, and paper machine - Google Patents

Method for operating a paper machine, and paper machine

Info

Publication number
EP3344813A1
EP3344813A1 EP16770702.5A EP16770702A EP3344813A1 EP 3344813 A1 EP3344813 A1 EP 3344813A1 EP 16770702 A EP16770702 A EP 16770702A EP 3344813 A1 EP3344813 A1 EP 3344813A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
medium
drying
heat
heat pump
fibrous web
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16770702.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3344813B1 (en
Inventor
Vladimir Danov
Florian REISSNER
Hermann Schwarz
Jochen SCHÄFER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3344813A1 publication Critical patent/EP3344813A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3344813B1 publication Critical patent/EP3344813B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F5/20—Waste heat recovery

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a paper machine for producing paper, cardboard or paperboard according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and to a paper machine according to the preamble of patent claim 5.
  • the paper machine comprises a conveyor by means of which a fiber ⁇ fabric produced from a fiber suspension is conveyed in a conveying direction at least.
  • the paper machine further has at least one drying area in which the fibrous web, which is conveyed through the drying area, is dried by means of at least one drying cylinder.
  • the Trock ⁇ drying cylinders disposed in the drying zone, so that the fibrous web is dried by means of the drying cylinder.
  • the fibrous web is guided over the drying cylinder, for example.
  • the fibrous web on a mat, a nonwoven insbesonde ⁇ re conveyed, and is guided over the mat around the Trock ⁇ drying cylinder.
  • the drying area in particular the drying cylinder, a first medium for drying the fibrous web is fed.
  • the first medium is introduced into the drying cylinder.
  • the drying cylinder has an outer circumferential lateral surface, around which the fiber ⁇ material web, in particular over the mat, is performed.
  • the first medium then flows through the mat and in particular through the fibrous web, whereby it is dried.
  • the fibrous web can be dehumidified.
  • the paper machine further comprises at least one smoothing cylinder adjoining the drying cylinder in the conveying direction, by means of which the fibrous web is smoothed on at least one side.
  • a second medium for heating the smoothing cylinder is fed to the smoothing cylinder.
  • the smoothing cylinder is for example also referred to as MG cylinder, wherein MG denotes "machine glazed.” This makes it possible, for example, so-called
  • the medium flows, for example first by the heat pump and is heated by the heat pump, after which the medium he ⁇ warming the drying region, in particular the drying cylinder is fed, introduced in particular in the drying cylinder is.
  • the invention is based on the finding that there is a very high heat requirement in the pulp industry in order, for example, to produce paper, cardboard or paperboard. This high heat requirement is due, in particular, to the fact that the initially very wet or very high moisture content fibrous web is dried. Because of this
  • Drying a desired moisture content of the fibrous web can be adjusted.
  • the basis of the invention idea is now to at least part of the use in the Me ⁇ dium downstream of the drying zone, in particular downstream of the drying cylinder, is still contained to the Me ⁇ dium upstream of the drying zone, i.e., before the Me of heat, ⁇ dium the drying area, in particular the drying cylinder, is supplied to heat.
  • the heat requirement of the paper machine as a whole compared to conventional paper machines can be kept low, so that by means of the method Pa ⁇ pier, cardboard or cardboard can be produced in an energy-efficient manner.
  • the heat pump For heating said medium, the heat pump is used, since the medium downstream of the drying zone has a lower temperature than ⁇ structure upstream of the drying zone. Since the Wär ⁇ mepumpe is used can, heat can be removed from the medium at a downstream of the drying zone arranged first site of Medi ⁇ killed, which is at the first location colder than upstream of the Trock ⁇ voltage range so that the medium at an upstream of the Drying area arranged two- th point can be heated by means of the heat dissipated. In other words, the dissipated heat can be supplied to the medium at the second location, so that a particularly ef ⁇ efficient operation of the paper machine can be displayed.
  • thermo-chemical heat pump ver ⁇ applies is, wherein by means of heat which is supplied to the heat pump, a chemical, heat-absorbing reaction, that is an endothermic reaction, is effected, wherein heat for Heating the second medium by means of a chemical, heat-donating reaction, that is, an exothermic reaction is provided.
  • the heat pump comprises a different from the medium Ar ⁇ beitsmedium which compressed by means of at least one Ver ⁇ dichters and is expanded by at least one expansion ⁇ device.
  • the heat pump is formed at ⁇ example as a compression heat pump.
  • the heat pump comprises at least one heat exchanger to be Farming ⁇ ken of heat transfer from the medium to a different thereof, another medium.
  • the other medium is, for example, the working medium of the heat pump.
  • the heat pump comprises at least one heat exchanger to be Farming ⁇ ken of heat transfer from a different? ⁇ Chen, further from the medium medium to the first medium.
  • the other medium is, for example, the working medium of the heat pump.
  • At least one heat pump is required for achieving is warming of the medium upstream of the drying zone is provided, wherein the medium from the drying region downstream of the drying zone and discharged as a heat source of the heat pump is fed ⁇ .
  • Advantageous embodiments of the inventive method are to be regarded as advantageous embodiments of the paper machine according to the invention and vice versa.
  • the drawing shows in the single figure a schematic representation of a paper machine for producing paper, cardboard or cardboard, with at least one heat pump, by means of which a particularly efficient operation of the paper machine can be realized.
  • the single figure shows a schematic representation of a designated as a whole with 10 paper machine for herstel ⁇ len of paper, cardboard or paperboard.
  • the paper machine 10 comprises at least one container device 12 in which, for example, a fiber suspension is received. From this fiber suspension at least one fibrous web 14 is produced, from which in turn the paper or the cardboard or the paperboard is produced.
  • the fibrous web 14 is also referred to as a paper web, web or cellulosic web and is, for example, initially designed as a very moist fiber fleece.
  • the fibrous web 14 is conveyed in an illustrated by a directional arrow 18 conveying direction.
  • the paper machine 10 has a total of 20 denote ⁇ th drying region through which the fibrous web 14 is conveyed by means of the conveyor 16 therethrough.
  • the fibrous web 14 is dried.
  • the fibrous web 14, which initially has a very high moisture content, is dehumidified, thereby reducing the moisture content of the fiber material web ⁇ fourteenth
  • Drying the fibrous web 14 set a desired moisture content. To dry the fibrous web 14, it is heated in the drying region 20, whereby moisture, which is initially contained in the fibrous web 14, at least partially removed from the fibrous web 14.
  • At least one drying cylinder 26 is arranged in the drying area 20.
  • the drying area 20 comprises a first partial area 22 and a second partial area 24, which adjoins the first partial area 22 with respect to the conveying direction. It is in the first
  • Partial region 22 a plurality of drying cylinders 26 arranged by means of which the fibrous web 14 is dried.
  • the fibrous web 14 passes over the drying ⁇ cylinder 26.
  • the fibrous web 14 is for example on a gas or vapor-permeable mat, in particular by the special ⁇ drying area 20, promoted, wherein the fibrous web 14 is guided over the mat around the respective drying cylinder 26 and over the mat is supported on the respective drying cylinder 26. This means that the mat is arranged between the fibrous web 14 and the respective drying cylinder 26.
  • At least one of the cylinders arranged in the drying region 20 is a smoothing cylinder.
  • the smoothing cylinder is, for example, in the second
  • Partial region 24 is arranged and adjoins at least ei ⁇ NEN of the other drying cylinder 26 in the conveying direction.
  • the fibrous web 14 also passes over the smoothing cylinder during its course through the drying region 20, so that the fibrous web 14 touches the smoothing cylinder, for example. It is possible that the smoothing cylinder is heated or heated, so that a heat ⁇ transition from the smoothing cylinder 28 to, in particular the smoothing cylinder contacting, fibrous web 14 may be carried out. As a result, the fibrous web 14 is dried.
  • the paper machine 10 comprises deflecting cylinders 38 for deflecting and guiding the fibrous web 14.
  • the smoothing cylinder is, for example, a high-precision drying cylinder and is also referred to as a MG cylinder.
  • MG means "Machine Glazed” and means "unilaterally smooth”.
  • the smoothing cylinder thus, for example, one-sided smooth paper can be produced. This is a type of paper which has a particularly high strength.
  • the smoothing cylinder has, for example, a very large diameter, wherein the fibrous web 14 touches the smoothing cylinder for a particularly long time.
  • a particularly advantageous be smoothed ⁇ te of the fibrous web 14 may be facing to-on a smoothing cylinder, and in particular the smoothing cylinder contacting side are generated.
  • the fibrous web 14 is smoothed by means of the smoothing cylinder on at least one side of the fibrous web 14, this side facing the smoothing cylinder.
  • the vaporous medium is also referred to as steam, which is introduced in particular into the respective drying cylinder 26.
  • At least one of the drying cylinder 26 has beispielswei ⁇ se an outer circumferential lateral surface on to which the Fiber web 14, in particular by mediation of the mat, is supported.
  • the respective outer peripheral side cladding ⁇ surface has at least one through opening.
  • Insbeson ⁇ particular, the respective outer peripheral side circumferential surface a plurality of through openings.
  • the medium supplied to the drying cylinder 26 and is thereby introduced into the drying cylinder 26 may, through ⁇ hole flow through the respective so that the medium in the form of air or steam through the respective passage opening of the
  • Drying cylinder 26 can flow out.
  • the medium can then flow through the mat and in particular through the fibrous web 14, whereby it is dried or dehumidified.
  • the supply of the medium to or into the drying region 20, in particular the respective drying cylinder 26, is illustrated by a directional arrow 30.
  • the medium is the drying area 20 examples of play at a first temperature Tl supplied, so that the steam or the air (medium) to the tempera ture ⁇ Tl in the drying section 20, in particular the drying cylinder 26, flows.
  • the medium is thus, for example, drying air for drying the fibrous web 14 upstream of the drying region 20.
  • the Yankee cylinder warms ⁇ through the medium or heated.
  • the medium can not flow through an outer circumferential surface of the smoothing cylinder, but rather is removed from the smoothing cylinder via an outlet opening, which is provided in an axial end face of the smoothing cylinder.
  • the paper machine 10 comprises a
  • Heat pump 34 From the figure it can be seen that the medium discharged downstream of the drying area 20 of the drying area 20 and supplied as a heat source of the heat pump 34 is, by means of which the medium upstream of the Trocknungsbe ⁇ rich 20 is heated. This means that in heat downstream still, in particular ⁇ sondere in the medium downstream of the drying zone 20 of the drying cylinder, is included 26, uses Ge, in order with the aid of this heat, the medium upstream of the drying zone 20, in particular upstream of the Trock ⁇ tion cylinder 26 to heat. This means that at least a portion of the medium downstream of the drying zone 20 ent ⁇ preserved heat is used for the medium by means of the heat pump 34 to be heated upstream of the drying zone 20th
  • the guiding the medium from the heat pump 34 to the Trock ⁇ voltage range 20, in particular the drying cylinders 26 is illustrated in the figure by an arrow 28th
  • the medium is supplied to the drying section 20 governingswei ⁇ se the drying cylinders 26 in the gaseous or vapor state, that is supplied as a vapor, so that the medium as a vapor in the drying zone 20 and the drying cylinder flows 26th
  • the medium is supplied to the drying area 20 at a temperature Tl which is, for example, in a range of from 190 degrees Celsius to 195 degrees Celsius inclusive.
  • Tl which is, for example, in a range of from 190 degrees Celsius to 195 degrees Celsius inclusive.
  • the heat pump 34 the medium upstream of the Trock ⁇ tion region 20, for example, with a temperature T2 is supplied, this temperature T2, for example, is less than the temperature Tl and 175 degrees Celsius, for example can.
  • the temperature T2 is thus lower than the first temperature T1.
  • the medium having the temperature T2 is supplied to the heat pump 34 upstream of the drying area 20 in a first state of aggregation.
  • the pump of the heat ⁇ 34 flowing to the drying zone 20 is the drying medium supplied to the area in a second state of aggregation 20th
  • the second state of aggregation is one from the first gatsschreib different state of aggregation.
  • the second state of aggregation for example, gaseous, so ⁇ that the medium is supplied to the drying zone 20 as a gas relationship ⁇ as steam.
  • the guidance of the medium from the drying area 20 to the heat pump 34 is also represented by a directional arrow 38.
  • the medium is downstream of the Trock ⁇ voltage range 20 supplied ⁇ for example, leads to a temperature T3, which temperature T3, for example, lower than the temperatures Tl and T2 and amount to for example 100 degrees Celsius can.
  • the medium having the temperature T3 is supplied to the heat pump 34 downstream of the drying section 20 in a third state of aggregation.
  • the third state of aggregation in the present case is liquid, so that the medium downstream of the drying region 20 of the heat pump 34 as liquid, in particular water, is supplied.
  • the medium is discharged downstream of the heat pump and downstream of the drying area 20 of the heat pump with a temperature T4.
  • the temperature T4 is lower than that
  • Temperature T3 and is for example 80 degrees Celsius.
  • the medium having the temperature T4 has, for example, a fourth state of aggregation which, for example, corresponds to the third state of aggregation and is therefore liquid.
  • the steam supplied to the drying region 20 can condense, so that steam is used to form the steam. condensate or possi "ness in particular in the form of water is formed, said condensate, which is still the medium than the aforementioned heat source downstream of the drying zone 20 of the heat pump is fed to the 34th
  • substantially lower temperature T3 can be used to extract the medium downstream of the drying zone 20 heat and the medium by means of the heat extracted upstream of the drying zone 20 to be heated and before ⁇ lying in particular to evaporate, so that a particularly ef ⁇ efficient and thus energy-efficient operation of the paper machine 10 can be realized.
  • efficient steam generation can be realized.
  • the heat pump 34 is formed for example as a compression heat pump and ⁇ herein comprises a first heat exchanger ⁇ 44, which is also referred to as a cold heat exchanger. Furthermore, the heat pump 34 includes a second heat ⁇ exchanger 46, which is also referred to as a warm or hot heat exchanger. Furthermore, the heat pump 34 comprises a circuit 42, which can be flowed through by a working medium. The heat exchangers 44 and 46 are arranged in the circuit 42 ⁇ and therefore flowed through by the working fluid.
  • the heat exchanger 44 the medium, in particular with the third temperature T3, downstream of the drying region 20 to ⁇ out, so that the heat exchanger 44 is flowed through by the medium downstream of the drying area and of the working medium.
  • Heat is transferred from the medium to the working medium downstream of the drying area 20 via the heat exchanger 44, as a result of which the working medium is heated and the medium downstream of the drying area 20 is cooled to the temperature T 4.
  • the fourth temperature T4 is less than the third temperature T3, wherein, for example, the lotterytau ⁇ shear 44, the medium is discharged, which is illustrated in the figure by the directional arrow 40.
  • a heating device ⁇ 48 arranged by means of which already heated via the heat exchanger 44 working medium, in particular downstream of the heat exchanger 44, and in particular upstream of Heat exchanger 46, is heated.
  • the heated working medium is supplied to the heat exchanger 46 downstream of the heating device 48. Furthermore, the medium is supplied to the heat exchanger 46 upstream of the drying region 20, so that the heat exchanger 46 can be flowed through by the medium upstream of the drying region 20 and by the working medium. Via the heat exchanger 46 is carried out upstream of the drying zone 20, a heat transfer from the working ⁇ medium to the medium whereby the medium is heated upstream of the drying zone 20 from the temperature T2 to the temperature Tl. Thereby, the medium is evaporated upstream of Trock ⁇ voltage range 20, so that the medium can be supplied as a vapor to the respective drying cylinder 26th Due to the heat transfer from the working medium via the heat exchanger 46 to the medium, the working medium cools down.
  • the heating device 48 comprises, for example, a compressor which has at least one compressor wheel for compressing the working medium.
  • the compressor is designed for example as an electric compressor, and in this case comprises a motor, in particular in the form of an electric ⁇ motors, by means of which the compressor wheel can be driven in particular via a shaft.
  • the motor By driving the compressor wheel, the working medium is compressed and thereby warms.
  • the motor is supplied with electric power, so that the working medium with ⁇ means of the compressor using electrical energy compacted Bezie ⁇ hung as electrical current and can thereby be heated.
  • the compressor is a turbo-machine relationship ⁇ as fluid energy machine.
  • the heat exchanger 46 is at ⁇ game as a capacitor, by means of which the working Medi ⁇ order is condensed.
  • the expansion device 50 By means of the expansion device 50, the working medium is expanded, wherein the heat exchanger 44 is, for example, an evaporator, by means of which the Ar ⁇ beitsmedium is evaporated. Finally, the Anlagenmedi ⁇ can be compressed by means of the compressor again.
  • the first medium has a mass flow of 15 kilograms per second and a pressure of 12.5 bar.
  • the high mass flow of Kon ⁇ densats is used in the drying section 20 so as to heat the medium upstream of the drying zone 20th
  • part of the heat of the heat pump 34 contained in the medium downstream of the Trocknungsbe ⁇ Reich 20 is at least supplied wel ⁇ che uses at least part of the heat contained in the medium downstream of the Trock ⁇ voltage range 20, to the medium, particularly into ⁇ indirectly via the working medium, upstream of the
  • Drying range 20 to heat As a result, the drying area 20, in particular the respective drying cylinder 26, can be supplied with steam particularly efficiently.
  • the heat pump 34 is designed as a thermochemical heat pump.
  • thermo-chemical heat pump by means of heat which is supplied to the heat pump 34, a chemical, heat-absorbing and so ⁇ effected with endothermic reaction.
  • heat is provided for heating the medium upstream of the drying region 20 by means of a chemical, heat- releasing and thus exothermic reaction.
  • thermochemical heat pump for example, the working medium, the heating device 48 and the expansion device 50 and the circuit 42.
  • a heat exchanger such as the heat exchanger 44
  • at least a portion of the heat may be stored to effect the endothermic reaction in products of the endothermic chemical reaction.
  • the endothermic chemical reaction is, for example, a forward reaction of a chemical equilibrium reaction.
  • the exothermic chemical reaction described above is example ⁇ , a reverse reaction of the chemical GleichThatsreakti ⁇ on.
  • the products of the endothermic reaction can be used as starting materials of the exothermic reaction.
  • Ferners are products of the exothermic reaction of the endothermic reaction.
  • Heat which is released during the exothermic reaction can, in particular via a heat exchanger as beispielswei ⁇ se the heat exchanger 46, are transferred to the medium upstream of the drying zone 20 to heat the medium upstream of the drying zone 20th
  • the products of the endothermic reaction is liberated during the exothermic reaction energy or at least part of the data stored in the products of the endothermic reaction energy so that rela ⁇ hung, via the chemical equilibrium reaction, the endothermic Reaction and the exothermic reaction at least part of the medium in the medium downstream of the drying can be used rich 20 energy to heat the me ⁇ dium upstream of the drying area 20.
  • the drying of the fibrous web 14 is an at least substantially continuous process, so that the use of the thermochemical heat pump, in particular in combination with the effect of the compressor mechanical compaction, in particular of the working medium, is advantageous.
  • an endothermic reactor is used, via which the educts of the endothermic reaction at least a portion of the heat contained in the medium downstream of the drying region 20 is supplied.
  • This is preferably accomplished via an indirect Kon ⁇ clock so that, for example, heat from the medium can pass to the reactants of the endothermic reaction.
  • a spatial separation between the reactants of the forward reaction and the medium is provided.
  • the medium directly contacts the reactants downstream of the forward reaction of the drying zone 20 that is flowing at ⁇ or flows around.
  • the medium is fed to the endothermic reactor downstream of the drying zone.
  • the endothermic reactor is arranged, for example, in the flow of the medium to the drying region 20.
  • an exothermic reactor is used, for example, by means of which, for example, heat that is released in the exothermic reaction, is indirectly transferred to the ⁇ special about the medium upstream of Trocknungsbe ⁇ Empire 20th
  • the educts and / or products of the reverse reaction are spatially separated from the medium to be heated.
  • the medium upstream of the drying zone 20 directly touches the reactants and / or products of the reverse reaction, that is, flows against or flows around.
  • the respective reactor is for example part of the heat pump 34.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a paper machine (10) for producing paper, paperboard or cardboard, comprising a conveyor device (16) by means of which at least one fibrous material web (14) produced from a fibre suspension is conveyed in a conveyor direction, and at least one drying region (20) in which the fibrous material web (14) which is conveyed through said drying region (20) is dried using at least one drying cylinder (26) to which a medium for drying the fibrous material web (14) is supplied, wherein the medium is conducted away from the drying region (20) downstream of said drying region (20) and is supplied, as a source of heat, to a heat pump (34) which heats said medium upstream of the drying region (20).

Description

Beschreibung description
Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Papiermaschine sowie Papierma¬ schine Method for operating a paper machine and Papierma ¬ machine
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Papiermaschine zum Herstellen von Papier, Karton oder Pappe gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1 sowie eine Papiermaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 5. The invention relates to a method for operating a paper machine for producing paper, cardboard or paperboard according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and to a paper machine according to the preamble of patent claim 5.
Ein solches Verfahren sowie eine solche Papiermaschine zum Herstellen von Papier, Karton oder Pappe sind bereits aus dem allgemeinen Stand der Technik hinlänglich bekannt. Die Papiermaschine umfasst eine Fördereinrichtung, mittels welcher wenigstens eine aus einer Fasersuspension hergestellte Faser¬ stoffbahn in eine Förderrichtung gefördert wird. Die Papiermaschine weist ferner wenigstens einen Trocknungsbereich auf, in welchem die Faserstoffbahn, welche durch den Trocknungsbereich gefördert wird, mittels wenigstens eines Trocknungszy- linders getrocknet wird. Mit anderen Worten ist der Trock¬ nungszylinder in dem Trocknungsbereich angeordnet, sodass die Faserstoffbahn mittels des Trocknungszylinders getrocknet wird. Hierzu wird die Faserstoffbahn beispielsweise über den Trocknungszylinder geführt. Dabei ist es beispielsweise vor- gesehen, dass die Faserstoffbahn auf einer Matte, insbesonde¬ re einem Vlies, gefördert und über die Matte um den Trock¬ nungszylinder geführt wird. Such a method and such a paper machine for producing paper, cardboard or paperboard are already well known from the general state of the art. The paper machine comprises a conveyor by means of which a fiber ¬ fabric produced from a fiber suspension is conveyed in a conveying direction at least. The paper machine further has at least one drying area in which the fibrous web, which is conveyed through the drying area, is dried by means of at least one drying cylinder. In other words, the Trock ¬ drying cylinders disposed in the drying zone, so that the fibrous web is dried by means of the drying cylinder. For this purpose, the fibrous web is guided over the drying cylinder, for example. In this example, it is seen forth that the fibrous web on a mat, a nonwoven insbesonde ¬ re conveyed, and is guided over the mat around the Trock ¬ drying cylinder.
Dem Trocknungsbereich, insbesondere dem Trocknungszylinder, wird ein erstes Medium zum Trocknen der Faserstoffbahn zugeführt. Mit anderen Worten wird das erste Medium in den Trocknungszylinder eingeleitet. Der Trocknungszylinder weist eine außenumfangsseitige Mantelfläche auf, um welche die Faser¬ stoffbahn, insbesondere über die Matte, geführt wird. Dabei weist die außenumfangsseitige Mantelfläche üblicher wenigs¬ tens eine Durchströmöffnung, insbesondere mehrere Durchströmöffnungen auf, durch welche das dem Trocknungszylinder zugeführte und insbesondere in den Trocknungszylinder eingeleite- te, erste Medium aus dem Trocknungszylinder ausströmen kann. Dies bedeutet, dass das erste Medium durch die Durchgangsöff¬ nung strömt. Das erste Medium strömt dann durch die Matte und insbesondere durch die Faserstoffbahn, wodurch diese getrock- net wird. Dadurch kann die Faserstoffbahn entfeuchtet werden. The drying area, in particular the drying cylinder, a first medium for drying the fibrous web is fed. In other words, the first medium is introduced into the drying cylinder. The drying cylinder has an outer circumferential lateral surface, around which the fiber ¬ material web, in particular over the mat, is performed. Here, the outer peripheral side circumferential surface of conventional Wenig ¬ least one through-flow, in particular a plurality of through openings, through which the power supplied to the drying cylinder and the drying cylinder in particular eingeleite- te, first medium can flow out of the drying cylinder. This means that the first medium flows through the passage opening . The first medium then flows through the mat and in particular through the fibrous web, whereby it is dried. As a result, the fibrous web can be dehumidified.
Die Papiermaschine umfasst ferner wenigstens einen sich an den Trocknungszylinder in Förderrichtung anschließenden Glät- tungszylinder, mittels welchem die Faserstoffbahn auf wenigs- tens einer Seite geglättet wird. Dabei wird dem Glättungszy- linder ein zweites Medium zum Beheizen des Glättungszylinders zugeführt . The paper machine further comprises at least one smoothing cylinder adjoining the drying cylinder in the conveying direction, by means of which the fibrous web is smoothed on at least one side. In this case, a second medium for heating the smoothing cylinder is fed to the smoothing cylinder.
Der Glättungszylinder wird beispielsweise auch als MG- Zylinder bezeichnet, wobei MG „Machine Glazed" bezeichnet. Hierdurch ist es beispielsweise möglich, sogenanntes The smoothing cylinder is for example also referred to as MG cylinder, wherein MG denotes "machine glazed." This makes it possible, for example, so-called
„einseitigglattes" Papier herzustellen. Hierbei handelt es sich um eine Papiersorte mit besonders hoher Festigkeit. Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Papiermaschine der eingangs genannten Art derart weiter¬ zuentwickeln, dass ein besonders effizienter Betrieb der Papiermaschine realisierbar ist. Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie durch eine Papiermaschine mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 6 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausge¬ staltungen mit zweckmäßigen Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den übrigen Ansprüchen angegeben. "Einseitigglattes" paper manufacture. This is a paper having a particularly high strength. The object of the present invention is to so further zuentwickeln a method and a paper machine of the type mentioned ¬ that a particularly efficient operation of the paper machine can be realized. This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and by a paper machine having the features of patent claim 6. advantageous Substituted ¬ staltungen with expedient further developments of the invention are specified in the remaining claims.
Um ein Verfahren der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Art derart weiterzuentwickeln, dass ein besonders effizienter Betrieb der Papiermaschine realisierbar ist, ist es erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass das Medium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs, insbesondere des Trocknungszylinders, von dem Trocknungsbereich, insbesondere dem Trocknungszylinder, abgeführt und als Wärmequelle einer Wärmepumpe zuführt wird, mittels welcher das Medium stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs, insbesondere des Trocknungszylinders, erwärmt wird. In order to develop a method specified in the preamble of claim 1 type such that a particularly efficient operation of the paper machine can be realized, it is provided according to the invention that the medium downstream of the drying area, in particular the drying cylinder, from the drying area, in particular the drying cylinder, dissipated and supplied as heat source to a heat pump, by means of which the medium is heated upstream of the drying area, in particular of the drying cylinder.
Das Medium strömt beispielsweise zunächst durch die Wärmepum- pe und wird mittels der Wärmepumpe erwärmt, woraufhin das er¬ wärmte Medium dem Trocknungsbereich, insbesondere dem Trocknungszylinder, zugeführt, insbesondere in den Trocknungszylinder eingeleitet, wird. Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass in der ZellstoffIndustrie ein sehr hoher Wärmebedarf besteht, um beispielsweise Papier, Karton oder Pappe herzustellen. Dieser hohe Wärmebedarf rührt insbesondere daher, dass die zunächst sehr nasse beziehungsweise einen sehr hohen Feuchtegehalt aufweisende Faserstoffbahn getrocknet wird. Durch diesesThe medium flows, for example first by the heat pump and is heated by the heat pump, after which the medium he ¬ warming the drying region, in particular the drying cylinder is fed, introduced in particular in the drying cylinder is. The invention is based on the finding that there is a very high heat requirement in the pulp industry in order, for example, to produce paper, cardboard or paperboard. This high heat requirement is due, in particular, to the fact that the initially very wet or very high moisture content fibrous web is dried. Because of this
Trocknen kann ein erwünschter Feuchtegehalt der Faserstoffbahn eingestellt werden. Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Idee ist es nun, zumindest ein Teil der Wärme, die in dem Me¬ dium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs, insbesondere stromab des Trocknungszylinders, noch enthalten ist zu nutzen, um das Me¬ dium stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs, das heißt bevor das Me¬ dium dem Trocknungsbereich, insbesondere dem Trocknungszylinder, zugeführt wird, zu erwärmen. Dadurch kann der Wärmebedarf der Papiermaschine insgesamt im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Papiermaschinen gering gehalten werden, sodass mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens Pa¬ pier, Karton oder Pappe auf energiegünstige Weise hergestellt werden kann. Drying a desired moisture content of the fibrous web can be adjusted. The basis of the invention idea is now to at least part of the use in the Me ¬ dium downstream of the drying zone, in particular downstream of the drying cylinder, is still contained to the Me ¬ dium upstream of the drying zone, i.e., before the Me of heat, ¬ dium the drying area, in particular the drying cylinder, is supplied to heat. As a result, the heat requirement of the paper machine as a whole compared to conventional paper machines can be kept low, so that by means of the method Pa ¬ pier, cardboard or cardboard can be produced in an energy-efficient manner.
Zum Erwärmen des Mediums wird die Wärmepumpe genutzt, da das Medium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs eine geringere Tempera¬ tur als stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs aufweist. Da die Wär¬ mepumpe genutzt wird, kann von dem Medium an einer stromab des Trocknungsbereichs angeordneten ersten Stelle des Medi¬ ums, das an der ersten Stelle kälter als stromauf des Trock¬ nungsbereichs ist, Wärme abgeführt werden, sodass das Medium an einer stromauf des Trocknungsbereiches angeordneten zwei- ten Stelle mittels der abgeführten Wärme erwärmt werden kann. Mit anderen Worten kann die abgeführte Wärme dem Medium an der zweiten Stelle zugeführt werden, sodass ein besonders ef¬ fizienter Betrieb der Papiermaschine darstellbar ist. For heating said medium, the heat pump is used, since the medium downstream of the drying zone has a lower temperature than ¬ structure upstream of the drying zone. Since the Wär ¬ mepumpe is used can, heat can be removed from the medium at a downstream of the drying zone arranged first site of Medi ¬ killed, which is at the first location colder than upstream of the Trock ¬ voltage range so that the medium at an upstream of the Drying area arranged two- th point can be heated by means of the heat dissipated. In other words, the dissipated heat can be supplied to the medium at the second location, so that a particularly ef ¬ efficient operation of the paper machine can be displayed.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist es vorgesehen, dass als die Wärmepumpe eine thermochemische Wärmepumpe ver¬ wendet wird, bei welcher mittels Wärme, die der Wärmepumpe zugeführt wird, eine chemische, Wärme aufnehmende Reaktion, das heißt eine endotherme Reaktion, bewirkt wird, wobei Wärme zum Erwärmen des zweiten Mediums mittels einer chemischen, Wärme abgebenden Reaktion, das heißt einer exothermen Reaktion, bereitgestellt wird. In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that as the heat pump is a thermo-chemical heat pump ver ¬ applies is, wherein by means of heat which is supplied to the heat pump, a chemical, heat-absorbing reaction, that is an endothermic reaction, is effected, wherein heat for Heating the second medium by means of a chemical, heat-donating reaction, that is, an exothermic reaction is provided.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist es vorgesehen, dass die Wärmepumpe ein von dem Medium unterschiedliches Ar¬ beitsmedium umfasst, welches mittels wenigstens eines Ver¬ dichters verdichtet und mittels wenigstens einer Expansions¬ einrichtung expandiert wird. Dabei ist die Wärmepumpe bei¬ spielsweise als Kompressionswärmepumpe ausgebildet. In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the heat pump comprises a different from the medium Ar ¬ beitsmedium which compressed by means of at least one Ver ¬ dichters and is expanded by at least one expansion ¬ device. In this case, the heat pump is formed at ¬ example as a compression heat pump.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist es vorgesehen, dass die Wärmepumpe wenigstens einen Wärmetauscher zum Bewir¬ ken eines Wärmeübergangs von dem Medium an ein davon unterschiedliches, weiteres Medium umfasst. Das weitere Medium ist beispielsweise das Arbeitsmedium der Wärmepumpe. In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the heat pump comprises at least one heat exchanger to be Farming ¬ ken of heat transfer from the medium to a different thereof, another medium. The other medium is, for example, the working medium of the heat pump.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist es vorgesehen, dass die Wärmepumpe wenigstens einen Wärmetauscher zum Bewir¬ ken eines Wärmeübergangs von einem vom Medium unterschiedli¬ chen, weiteren Medium an das erste Medium umfasst. Das weitere Medium ist beispielsweise das Arbeitsmedium der Wärmepumpe . In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the heat pump comprises at least one heat exchanger to be Farming ¬ ken of heat transfer from a different? ¬ Chen, further from the medium medium to the first medium. The other medium is, for example, the working medium of the heat pump.
Um eine Papiermaschine der im Begriff des Patentanspruchs 6 angegebenen Art derart weiterzuentwickeln, dass ein besonders effizienter Betrieb der Papiermaschine realisiert werden kann, ist erfindungsgemäß wenigstens eine Wärmepumpe zum Er- wärmen des Mediums stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs vorgesehen ist, wobei das Medium von dem Trocknungsbereich stromab des Trocknungsbereichs abführbar und als Wärmequelle der Wärme¬ pumpe zuführbar ist. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfin- dungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind als vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Papiermaschine anzusehen und umgekehrt. In order to further develop a paper machine of the kind indicated in the term of patent claim 6 in such a way that a particularly efficient operation of the paper machine can be realized, according to the invention at least one heat pump is required for achieving is warming of the medium upstream of the drying zone is provided, wherein the medium from the drying region downstream of the drying zone and discharged as a heat source of the heat pump is fed ¬. Advantageous embodiments of the inventive method are to be regarded as advantageous embodiments of the paper machine according to the invention and vice versa.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung er¬ geben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzug- ten Ausführungsbeispiels sowie anhand der Zeichnung. Die vor¬ stehend in der Beschreibung genannten Merkmale und Merkmals¬ kombinationen sowie die nachfolgend in der Figurenbeschrei¬ bung genannten und/oder in der einzigen Figur alleine gezeigten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sind nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar, ohne den Rahmen der Erfindung zu verlassen. Further advantages, features and details of the invention ¬ be apparent from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment and from the drawing. The front ¬ standing in the description mentioned features and feature ¬ combinations as well as mentioned below in the Figurenbeschrei ¬ advertising and / or alone as shown in the single figure of features and feature combinations are not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or in Used alone, without departing from the scope of the invention.
Die Zeichnung zeigt in der einzigen Figur eine schematische Darstellung einer Papiermaschine zum Herstellen von Papier, Karton oder Pappe, mit wenigstens einer Wärmepumpe, mittels welcher ein besonders effizienter Betrieb der Papiermaschine realisierbar ist. Die einzige Figur zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung eine im Ganzen mit 10 bezeichnete Papiermaschine zum Herstel¬ len von Papier, Karton oder Pappe. Die Papiermaschine 10 um- fasst wenigstens eine Behältereinrichtung 12, in welcher beispielsweise eine Fasersuspension aufgenommen ist. Aus dieser Fasersuspension wird wenigstens eine Faserstoffbahn 14 hergestellt, aus welcher wiederum das Papier beziehungsweise der Karton oder die Pappe hergestellt wird. Die Faserstoffbahn 14 wird auch als Papierbahn, Bahn oder Zellstoffbahn bezeichnet und ist beispielsweise zunächst als sehr feuchtes Faservlies ausgebildet. Mittels einer im Ganzen mit 16 bezeichneten Fördereinrichtung der Papiermaschine 10 wird die Faserstoffbahn 14 in eine durch einen Richtungspfeil 18 veranschaulichte Förderrichtung gefördert. Die Papiermaschine 10 weist einen im Ganzen mit 20 bezeichne¬ ten Trocknungsbereich auf, durch welchen die Faserstoffbahn 14 mittels der Fördereinrichtung 16 hindurch gefördert wird. In dem Trocknungsbereich 20 wird die Faserstoffbahn 14 getrocknet. Darunter ist zu verstehen, dass die Faserstoffbahn 14, welche zunächst einen sehr hohen Feuchtegehalt aufweist, entfeuchtet wird, um dadurch den Feuchtegehalt der Faser¬ stoffbahn 14 zu reduzieren. Insbesondere wird durch das The drawing shows in the single figure a schematic representation of a paper machine for producing paper, cardboard or cardboard, with at least one heat pump, by means of which a particularly efficient operation of the paper machine can be realized. The single figure shows a schematic representation of a designated as a whole with 10 paper machine for herstel ¬ len of paper, cardboard or paperboard. The paper machine 10 comprises at least one container device 12 in which, for example, a fiber suspension is received. From this fiber suspension at least one fibrous web 14 is produced, from which in turn the paper or the cardboard or the paperboard is produced. The fibrous web 14 is also referred to as a paper web, web or cellulosic web and is, for example, initially designed as a very moist fiber fleece. By means of a generally designated 16 conveyor of the paper machine 10, the fibrous web 14 is conveyed in an illustrated by a directional arrow 18 conveying direction. The paper machine 10 has a total of 20 denote ¬ th drying region through which the fibrous web 14 is conveyed by means of the conveyor 16 therethrough. In the drying area 20, the fibrous web 14 is dried. By this is meant that the fibrous web 14, which initially has a very high moisture content, is dehumidified, thereby reducing the moisture content of the fiber material web ¬ fourteenth In particular, by the
Trocknen der Faserstoffbahn 14 ein gewünschter Feuchtegehalt eingestellt. Zum Trocknen der Faserstoffbahn 14 wird diese in dem Trocknungsbereich 20 erwärmt, wodurch Feuchtigkeit, die zunächst in der Faserstoffbahn 14 enthalten ist, zumindest teilweise aus der Faserstoffbahn 14 entfernt wird. Drying the fibrous web 14 set a desired moisture content. To dry the fibrous web 14, it is heated in the drying region 20, whereby moisture, which is initially contained in the fibrous web 14, at least partially removed from the fibrous web 14.
Hierzu ist in dem Trocknungsbereich 20 wenigstens ein Trocknungszylinder 26 angeordnet. Der Trocknungsbereich 20 umfasst dabei einen ersten Teilbereich 22 und einen zweiten Teilbereich 24, welcher sich bezogen auf die Förderrichtung an den ersten Teilbereich 22 anschließt. Dabei ist in dem erstenFor this purpose, at least one drying cylinder 26 is arranged in the drying area 20. The drying area 20 comprises a first partial area 22 and a second partial area 24, which adjoins the first partial area 22 with respect to the conveying direction. It is in the first
Teilbereich 22 eine Mehrzahl von Trocknungszylindern 26 angeordnet, mittels welchen die Faserstoffbahn 14 getrocknet wird. Hierzu läuft die Faserstoffbahn 14 über die Trocknungs¬ zylinder 26. Die Faserstoffbahn 14 wird beispielsweise auf einer gas- beziehungsweise dampfdurchlässigen Matte, insbe¬ sondere durch den Trocknungsbereich 20, gefördert, wobei die Faserstoffbahn 14 über die Matte um den jeweiligen Trocknungszylinder 26 geführt und über die Matte an dem jeweiligen Trocknungszylinder 26 abgestützt wird. Dies bedeutet, dass die Matte zwischen der Faserstoffbahn 14 und dem jeweiligen Trocknungszylinder 26 angeordnet ist. Partial region 22 a plurality of drying cylinders 26 arranged by means of which the fibrous web 14 is dried. For this purpose, the fibrous web 14 passes over the drying ¬ cylinder 26. The fibrous web 14 is for example on a gas or vapor-permeable mat, in particular by the special ¬ drying area 20, promoted, wherein the fibrous web 14 is guided over the mat around the respective drying cylinder 26 and over the mat is supported on the respective drying cylinder 26. This means that the mat is arranged between the fibrous web 14 and the respective drying cylinder 26.
Ferner ist es denkbar, dass wenigstens einer der im Trocknungsbereich 20 angeordneten Zylinder ein Glättungszylinder ist. Der Glättungszylinder ist beispielsweise im zweitenFurthermore, it is conceivable that at least one of the cylinders arranged in the drying region 20 is a smoothing cylinder. The smoothing cylinder is, for example, in the second
Teilbereich 24 angeordnet und schließt sich an zumindest ei¬ nen der anderen Trocknungszylinder 26 in Förderrichtung an. Die Faserstoffbahn 14 verläuft während ihres Verlaufs durch den Trocknungsbereich 20 auch über den Glättungszylinder, sodass die Faserstoffbahn 14 den Glättungszylinder beispielsweise berührt. Dabei ist es möglich, dass der Glättungszylin- der erwärmt beziehungsweise beheizt wird, sodass ein Wärme¬ übergang von dem Glättungszylinder 28 an die, insbesondere den Glättungszylinder berührende, Faserstoffbahn 14 erfolgen kann. Hierdurch wird die Faserstoffbahn 14 getrocknet. Ferner umfasst die Papiermaschine 10 Umlenkzylinder 38 zum Umlenken und Führen der Faserstoffbahn 14. Partial region 24 is arranged and adjoins at least ei ¬ NEN of the other drying cylinder 26 in the conveying direction. The fibrous web 14 also passes over the smoothing cylinder during its course through the drying region 20, so that the fibrous web 14 touches the smoothing cylinder, for example. It is possible that the smoothing cylinder is heated or heated, so that a heat ¬ transition from the smoothing cylinder 28 to, in particular the smoothing cylinder contacting, fibrous web 14 may be carried out. As a result, the fibrous web 14 is dried. Furthermore, the paper machine 10 comprises deflecting cylinders 38 for deflecting and guiding the fibrous web 14.
Der Glättungszylinder ist beispielsweise ein Hochpräzisions- Trockenzylinder und wird auch als MG-Zylinder bezeichnet. Dabei bedeutet MG „Machine Glazed" und bezeichnet „einseitig- glatt". Mittels des MG-Zylinders ist somit beispielsweise einseitigglattes Papier herstellbar. Hierbei handelt es sich um eine Papiersorte, welche eine besonders hohe Festigkeit aufweist. Hierzu weist der Glättungszylinder beispielsweise einen sehr großen Durchmesser auf, wobei die Faserstoffbahn 14 den Glättungszylinder eine besonders lange Zeit berührt. Durch die sehr lange Verweilzeit wenigstens einer Seite der Faserstoffbahn 14 auf einer außenumfangsseitigen Mantelfläche des Glättungszylinders kann eine besonders vorteilhafte Glät¬ te der Faserstoffbahn 14 auf einer dem Glättungszylinder zu- gewandten und insbesondere den Glättungszylinder berührenden Seite erzeugt werden. Dies bedeutet, dass die Faserstoffbahn 14 mittels des Glättungszylinders auf wenigstens einer Seite der Faserstoffbahn 14 geglättet wird, wobei diese Seite dem Glättungszylinder zugewandt ist. The smoothing cylinder is, for example, a high-precision drying cylinder and is also referred to as a MG cylinder. MG means "Machine Glazed" and means "unilaterally smooth". By means of the MG cylinder thus, for example, one-sided smooth paper can be produced. This is a type of paper which has a particularly high strength. For this purpose, the smoothing cylinder has, for example, a very large diameter, wherein the fibrous web 14 touches the smoothing cylinder for a particularly long time. Due to the very long residence time at least one side of the fibrous web 14 on an outer peripheral side circumferential surface of the smoothing cylinder, a particularly advantageous be smoothed ¬ te of the fibrous web 14 may be facing to-on a smoothing cylinder, and in particular the smoothing cylinder contacting side are generated. This means that the fibrous web 14 is smoothed by means of the smoothing cylinder on at least one side of the fibrous web 14, this side facing the smoothing cylinder.
Dem Trocknungsbereich 20, insbesondere dem jeweiligen Trocknungszylinder 26, wird beispielsweise ein Medium insbesondere dampfförmig zugeführt. Das dampfförmige Medium wird auch als Dampf bezeichnet, welcher insbesondere in den jeweiligen Trocknungszylinder 26 eingeleitet wird. The drying region 20, in particular the respective drying cylinder 26, for example, a medium is supplied in particular vapor. The vaporous medium is also referred to as steam, which is introduced in particular into the respective drying cylinder 26.
Zumindest einer der Trocknungszylinder 26 weist beispielswei¬ se eine außenumfangsseitige Mantelfläche auf, an welcher die Faserstoffbahn 14, insbesondere unter Vermittlung der Matte, abgestützt wird. Die jeweilige, außenumfangsseitige Mantel¬ fläche weist wenigstens eine Durchgangsöffnung auf. Insbeson¬ dere weist die jeweilige, außenumfangsseitige Mantelfläche eine Mehrzahl von Durchgangsöffnungen auf. Das Medium, das dem Trocknungszylinder 26 zugeführt und dabei in den Trocknungszylinder 26 eingeleitet wird, kann die jeweilige Durch¬ gangsöffnung durchströmen, sodass das Medium in Form von Luft oder Dampf über die jeweilige Durchgangsöffnung aus dem At least one of the drying cylinder 26 has beispielswei ¬ se an outer circumferential lateral surface on to which the Fiber web 14, in particular by mediation of the mat, is supported. The respective outer peripheral side cladding ¬ surface has at least one through opening. Insbeson ¬ particular, the respective outer peripheral side circumferential surface a plurality of through openings. The medium supplied to the drying cylinder 26 and is thereby introduced into the drying cylinder 26 may, through ¬ hole flow through the respective so that the medium in the form of air or steam through the respective passage opening of the
Trocknungszylinder 26 ausströmen kann. Drying cylinder 26 can flow out.
Das Medium kann dann durch die Matte und insbesondere durch die Faserstoffbahn 14 strömen, wodurch diese getrocknet beziehungsweise entfeuchtet wird. The medium can then flow through the mat and in particular through the fibrous web 14, whereby it is dried or dehumidified.
In der Figur ist durch einen Richtungspfeil 30 die Zuführung des Mediums zu dem beziehungsweise in den Trocknungsbereich 20, insbesondere den jeweiligen Trocknungszylinder 26, veranschaulicht. Das Medium wird dem Trocknungsbereich 20 bei- spielsweise mit einer ersten Temperatur Tl zugeführt, sodass der Dampf beziehungsweise die Luft (Medium) mit der Tempera¬ tur Tl in den Trocknungsbereich 20, insbesondere den Trocknungszylinder 26, einströmt. Das Medium ist somit stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 beispielsweise Trocknungsluft zum Trocknen der Faserstoffbahn 14. In the figure, the supply of the medium to or into the drying region 20, in particular the respective drying cylinder 26, is illustrated by a directional arrow 30. The medium is the drying area 20 examples of play at a first temperature Tl supplied, so that the steam or the air (medium) to the tempera ture ¬ Tl in the drying section 20, in particular the drying cylinder 26, flows. The medium is thus, for example, drying air for drying the fibrous web 14 upstream of the drying region 20.
Der Glättzylinder wird beispielsweise mittels des Mediums er¬ wärmt beziehungsweise beheizt. Das Medium kann beispielsweise keine außenumfangsseitige Mantelfläche des Glättungszylinders durchströmen, sondern wird beispielsweise aus dem Glättungs- zylinder über eine Auslassöffnung abgeführt, welche in einer axialen Stirnseite des Glättungszylinders vorgesehen ist. The Yankee cylinder, for example, it warms ¬ through the medium or heated. For example, the medium can not flow through an outer circumferential surface of the smoothing cylinder, but rather is removed from the smoothing cylinder via an outlet opening, which is provided in an axial end face of the smoothing cylinder.
Um nun einen besonders effizienten Betrieb der Papiermaschine realisieren zu können, umfasst die Papiermaschine 10 eineIn order to be able to realize a particularly efficient operation of the paper machine, the paper machine 10 comprises a
Wärmepumpe 34. Aus der Figur ist erkennbar, dass das Medium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs 20 von dem Trocknungsbereich 20 abgeführt und als Wärmequelle der Wärmepumpe 34 zugeführt wird, mittels welcher das Medium stromauf des Trocknungsbe¬ reichs 20 erwärmt wird. Dies bedeutet, dass in Wärme, die noch in dem Medium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs 20, insbe¬ sondere stromab der Trocknungszylinder 26, enthalten ist, ge- nutzt wird, um mit Hilfe dieser Wärme das Medium stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20, insbesondere der stromauf der Trock¬ nungszylinder 26, zu erwärmen. Dies bedeutet, dass zumindest ein Teil der im Medium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs 20 ent¬ haltenen Wärme genutzt wird, um das Medium mittels der Wärme- pumpe 34 stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 zu erwärmen. Heat pump 34. From the figure it can be seen that the medium discharged downstream of the drying area 20 of the drying area 20 and supplied as a heat source of the heat pump 34 is, by means of which the medium upstream of the Trocknungsbe ¬ rich 20 is heated. This means that in heat downstream still, in particular ¬ sondere in the medium downstream of the drying zone 20 of the drying cylinder, is included 26, uses Ge, in order with the aid of this heat, the medium upstream of the drying zone 20, in particular upstream of the Trock ¬ tion cylinder 26 to heat. This means that at least a portion of the medium downstream of the drying zone 20 ent ¬ preserved heat is used for the medium by means of the heat pump 34 to be heated upstream of the drying zone 20th
Die Führung des Mediums von der Wärmepumpe 34 zu dem Trock¬ nungsbereich 20, insbesondere den Trocknungszylindern 26, ist in der Figur durch einen Richtungspfeil 28 veranschaulicht. Dabei wird das Medium dem Trocknungsbereich 20 beziehungswei¬ se den Trocknungszylindern 26 in gasförmigem beziehungsweise dampfförmigem Zustand, das heißt als Dampf zugeführt, sodass das Medium als Dampf in den Trocknungsbereich 20 beziehungsweise die Trocknungszylinder 26 einströmt. Das Medium wird dem Trocknungsbereich 20 mit einer Temperatur Tl zugeführt, welche beispielsweise in einem Bereich von einschließlich 190 Grad Celsius bis einschließlich 195 Grad Celsius liegt. Bei¬ spielsweise weist das von der Wärmepumpe 34 zum Trocknungsbe¬ reich 20 strömende Medium einen Massenstrom von 15 Kilogramm pro Sekunde und einen Druck von 12,5 bar auf. The guiding the medium from the heat pump 34 to the Trock ¬ voltage range 20, in particular the drying cylinders 26 is illustrated in the figure by an arrow 28th The medium is supplied to the drying section 20 beziehungswei ¬ se the drying cylinders 26 in the gaseous or vapor state, that is supplied as a vapor, so that the medium as a vapor in the drying zone 20 and the drying cylinder flows 26th The medium is supplied to the drying area 20 at a temperature Tl which is, for example, in a range of from 190 degrees Celsius to 195 degrees Celsius inclusive. In ¬ game as the points flowing from the heat pump 34 for Trocknungsbe ¬ rich medium 20 to a mass flow of 15 kg per second and a pressure of 12.5 bar.
In der Figur ist ferner durch einen Richtungspfeil 36 dargestellt, dass der Wärmepumpe 34 das Medium stromauf des Trock¬ nungsbereichs 20 beispielsweise mit einer Temperatur T2 zuge- führt wird, wobei diese Temperatur T2 beispielsweise geringer als die Temperatur Tl ist und beispielsweise 175 Grad Celsius betragen kann. Die Temperatur T2 ist somit geringer als die erste Temperatur Tl. Das die Temperatur T2 aufweisende Medium wird der Wärmepumpe 34 stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 in einem ersten Aggregatszustand zugeführt. Das von der Wärme¬ pumpe 34 zum Trocknungsbereich 20 strömende Medium wird dem Trocknungsbereich 20 in einem zweiten Aggregatszustand zugeführt. Der zweite Aggregatszustand ist ein vom ersten Aggre- gatszustand unterschiedlicher Aggregatszustand. Beispielswei¬ se ist der erste Aggregatszustand flüssig, sodass der Wärme¬ pumpe 34 das Medium stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 als Flüssigkeit, insbesondere Wasser, zugeführt wird. In the figure, it is further illustrated by a directional arrow 36 that the heat pump 34, the medium upstream of the Trock ¬ tion region 20, for example, with a temperature T2 is supplied, this temperature T2, for example, is less than the temperature Tl and 175 degrees Celsius, for example can. The temperature T2 is thus lower than the first temperature T1. The medium having the temperature T2 is supplied to the heat pump 34 upstream of the drying area 20 in a first state of aggregation. The pump of the heat ¬ 34 flowing to the drying zone 20 is the drying medium supplied to the area in a second state of aggregation 20th The second state of aggregation is one from the first gatszustand different state of aggregation. Beispielswei ¬ se is liquid, the first state of aggregation, so that the heat pump 34 ¬ the medium upstream of the drying zone 20 is supplied as a liquid, in particular water.
Der zweite Aggregatszustand ist beispielsweise gasförmig, so¬ dass das Medium dem Trocknungsbereich 20 als Gas beziehungs¬ weise Dampf zugeführt wird. Durch das mittels der Wärmepumpe 34 stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 bewirkte Erwärmen des Mediums (Wasser) wird das Wasser verdampft, wodurch der The second state of aggregation, for example, gaseous, so ¬ that the medium is supplied to the drying zone 20 as a gas relationship ¬ as steam. By the means of the heat pump 34 upstream of the drying area 20 caused heating of the medium (water), the water is evaporated, causing the
Dampf, der dem Trocknungsbereich 20 zugeführt wird, entsteht.  Steam, which is supplied to the drying area 20, is formed.
In der Figur ist ferner durch einen Richtungspfeil 38 die Führung des Mediums von dem Trocknungsbereich 20 zur Wärme- pumpe 34 dargestellt. Anhand des Richtungspfeils 38 ist er¬ kennbar, dass der Wärmepumpe 34 das Medium stromab des Trock¬ nungsbereichs 20 beispielsweise mit einer Temperatur T3 zuge¬ führt wird, wobei diese Temperatur T3 beispielsweise geringer als die Temperaturen Tl und T2 ist und beispielsweise 100 Grad Celsius betragen kann. Das die Temperatur T3 aufweisende Medium wird der Wärmepumpe 34 stromab des Trocknungsbereichs 20 in einem dritten Aggregatszustand zugeführt. Der dritte Aggregatszustand ist vorliegend flüssig, sodass das Medium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs 20 der Wärmepumpe 34 als Flüs- sigkeit, insbesondere Wasser, zugeführt wird. In the figure, the guidance of the medium from the drying area 20 to the heat pump 34 is also represented by a directional arrow 38. Based on the direction of the arrow 38 it is ¬ recognizable that the heat pump 34, the medium is downstream of the Trock ¬ voltage range 20 supplied ¬ for example, leads to a temperature T3, which temperature T3, for example, lower than the temperatures Tl and T2 and amount to for example 100 degrees Celsius can. The medium having the temperature T3 is supplied to the heat pump 34 downstream of the drying section 20 in a third state of aggregation. The third state of aggregation in the present case is liquid, so that the medium downstream of the drying region 20 of the heat pump 34 as liquid, in particular water, is supplied.
In der Figur ist außerdem durch einen Richtungspfeil 40 dargestellt, dass das Medium stromab der Wärmepumpe und stromab des Trocknungsbereichs 20 der Wärmepumpe mit einer Temperatur T4 abgeführt wird. Die Temperatur T4 ist geringer als dieIn the figure, it is also shown by a directional arrow 40 that the medium is discharged downstream of the heat pump and downstream of the drying area 20 of the heat pump with a temperature T4. The temperature T4 is lower than that
Temperatur T3 und beträgt beispielsweise 80 Grad Celsius. Das die Temperatur T4 aufweisende Medium weist beispielsweise ei¬ nen vierten Aggregatszustand auf, welcher beispielsweise dem dritten Aggregatszustand entspricht und demzufolge flüssig ist. Temperature T3 and is for example 80 degrees Celsius. The medium having the temperature T4 has, for example, a fourth state of aggregation which, for example, corresponds to the third state of aggregation and is therefore liquid.
Insgesamt ist erkennbar, dass der dem Trocknungsbereich 20 zugeführte Dampf kondensieren kann, sodass aus dem Dampf Kon- densat beziehungsweise Flüssi "keit insbesondere in Form von Wasser entsteht, wobei dieses Kondensat, welches immer noch das Medium ist, als die zuvor genannte Wärmequelle stromab des Trocknungsbereichs 20 der Wärmepumpe 34 zugeführt wird. Overall, it can be seen that the steam supplied to the drying region 20 can condense, so that steam is used to form the steam. condensate or Flüssi "ness in particular in the form of water is formed, said condensate, which is still the medium than the aforementioned heat source downstream of the drying zone 20 of the heat pump is fed to the 34th
Durch den Einsatz der Wärmepumpe 34 kann die gegenüber den Temperaturen Tl und T2 wesentliche geringere Temperatur T3 genutzt werden, um dem Medium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs 20 Wärme zu entziehen und das Medium mittels der entzogenen Wärme stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 zu erwärmen und vor¬ liegend insbesondere zu verdampfen, so dass ein besonders ef¬ fizienter und somit energiegünstiger Betrieb der Papiermaschine 10 realisierbar ist. Insbesondere kann eine effiziente Dampferzeugung realisiert werden. Through the use of the heat pump 34 to the temperatures Tl and T2 substantially lower temperature T3 can be used to extract the medium downstream of the drying zone 20 heat and the medium by means of the heat extracted upstream of the drying zone 20 to be heated and before ¬ lying in particular to evaporate, so that a particularly ef ¬ efficient and thus energy-efficient operation of the paper machine 10 can be realized. In particular, efficient steam generation can be realized.
Die Wärmepumpe 34 ist beispielsweise als Kompressionswärme¬ pumpe ausgebildet und umfasst vorliegend einen ersten Wärme¬ tauscher 44, welcher auch als kalter Wärmetauscher bezeichnet wird. Ferner umfasst die Wärmepumpe 34 einen zweiten Wärme¬ tauscher 46, welcher auch als warmer oder heißer Wärmetauscher bezeichnet wird. Ferner umfasst die Wärmepumpe 34 einen Kreislauf 42, welcher von einem Arbeitsmedium durchströmbar ist. Die Wärmetauscher 44 und 46 sind in dem Kreislauf 42 an¬ geordnet und demzufolge von dem Arbeitsmedium durchströmbar. The heat pump 34 is formed for example as a compression heat pump and ¬ herein comprises a first heat exchanger ¬ 44, which is also referred to as a cold heat exchanger. Furthermore, the heat pump 34 includes a second heat ¬ exchanger 46, which is also referred to as a warm or hot heat exchanger. Furthermore, the heat pump 34 comprises a circuit 42, which can be flowed through by a working medium. The heat exchangers 44 and 46 are arranged in the circuit 42 ¬ and therefore flowed through by the working fluid.
Dem Wärmetauscher 44 wird das Medium, insbesondere mit der dritten Temperatur T3, stromab des Trocknungsbereichs 20 zu¬ geführt, so dass der Wärmetauscher 44 von dem Medium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs und von dem Arbeitsmedium durchströmbar ist. Über den Wärmetauscher 44 erfolgt ein Wärmeübergang von dem Medium an das Arbeitsmedium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs 20, wodurch das Arbeitsmedium erwärmt und das Medium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs 20 auf die Temperatur T4 ge¬ kühlt wird. Dadurch ist die vierte Temperatur T4 geringer als die dritte Temperatur T3, wobei beispielsweise dem Wärmetau¬ scher 44 das Medium abgeführt wird, was in der Figur durch den Richtungspfeil 40 veranschaulicht ist. Bezogen auf eine Strömungsrichtung des Arbeitsmediums durch den Kreislauf 42 ist stromab des Wärmetauschers 44 und dabei insbesondere stromauf des Wärmetauschers 46 eine Erwärmungs¬ einrichtung 48 angeordnet, mittels welcher das bereits über den Wärmetauscher 44 erwärmte Arbeitsmedium, insbesondere stromab des Wärmetauschers 44 und dabei insbesondere stromauf des Wärmetauschers 46, erwärmt wird. The heat exchanger 44, the medium, in particular with the third temperature T3, downstream of the drying region 20 to ¬ out, so that the heat exchanger 44 is flowed through by the medium downstream of the drying area and of the working medium. Heat is transferred from the medium to the working medium downstream of the drying area 20 via the heat exchanger 44, as a result of which the working medium is heated and the medium downstream of the drying area 20 is cooled to the temperature T 4. As a result, the fourth temperature T4 is less than the third temperature T3, wherein, for example, the Wärmetau ¬ shear 44, the medium is discharged, which is illustrated in the figure by the directional arrow 40. Based on a flow direction of the working medium through the circuit 42 is downstream of the heat exchanger 44 and in particular upstream of the heat exchanger 46, a heating device ¬ 48 arranged by means of which already heated via the heat exchanger 44 working medium, in particular downstream of the heat exchanger 44, and in particular upstream of Heat exchanger 46, is heated.
Das erwärmte Arbeitsmedium wird stromab der Erwärmungseinrichtung 48 dem Wärmetauscher 46 zugeführt. Ferner wird dem Wärmetauscher 46 das Medium stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 zugeführt, so dass der Wärmetauscher 46 von dem Medium stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 und von dem Arbeitsmedium durchströmbar ist. Über den Wärmetauscher 46 erfolgt stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 ein Wärmeübergang von dem Arbeits¬ medium an das Medium, wodurch das Medium stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 von der Temperatur T2 auf die Temperatur Tl erwärmt wird. Dadurch wird das Medium stromauf des Trock¬ nungsbereichs 20 verdampft, so dass das Medium als Dampf dem jeweiligen Trocknungszylinder 26 zugeführt werden kann. Durch den Wärmeübergang von dem Arbeitsmedium über den Wärmetauscher 46 an das Medium kühlt das Arbeitsmedium ab. The heated working medium is supplied to the heat exchanger 46 downstream of the heating device 48. Furthermore, the medium is supplied to the heat exchanger 46 upstream of the drying region 20, so that the heat exchanger 46 can be flowed through by the medium upstream of the drying region 20 and by the working medium. Via the heat exchanger 46 is carried out upstream of the drying zone 20, a heat transfer from the working ¬ medium to the medium whereby the medium is heated upstream of the drying zone 20 from the temperature T2 to the temperature Tl. Thereby, the medium is evaporated upstream of Trock ¬ voltage range 20, so that the medium can be supplied as a vapor to the respective drying cylinder 26th Due to the heat transfer from the working medium via the heat exchanger 46 to the medium, the working medium cools down.
Bezogen auf die Strömungsrichtung des Arbeitsmediums durch den Kreislauf 42 ist beispielsweise stromab des Wärmetauscher 46 und insbesondere stromauf der Wärmetauschers 44 eine Ex¬ pansionseinrichtung 50 angeordnet, mittels welcher das Arbeitsmedium expandiert beziehungsweise entspannt wird. Based on the flow direction of the working medium through the circuit 42, for example, downstream of the heat exchanger 46 and in particular upstream of the heat exchanger 44 an Ex ¬ pansionseinrichtung 50 is arranged, by means of which the working medium is expanded or expanded.
Bei der Ausgestaltung der Wärmepumpe 34 als Kompressionswärmepumpe umfasst die Erwärmungseinrichtung 48 beispielsweise einen Verdichter, welcher wenigstens ein Verdichterrad zum Verdichten des Arbeitsmediums aufweist. Der Verdichter ist beispielsweise als elektrischer Verdichter ausgebildet und umfasst dabei einen Motor insbesondere in Form eines Elektro¬ motors, mittels welchem das Verdichterrad insbesondere über eine Welle antreibbar ist. Durch das Antreiben des Verdichterrads wird das Arbeitsmedium verdichtet und dadurch er- wärmt. Zum Antreiben des Verdichterrads wird der Motor mit elektrischer Energie versorgt, so dass das Arbeitsmedium mit¬ tels des Verdichters mithilfe von elektrischer Energie bezie¬ hungsweise elektrischem Strom verdichtet und dadurch erwärmt werden kann. In the embodiment of the heat pump 34 as a compression heat pump, the heating device 48 comprises, for example, a compressor which has at least one compressor wheel for compressing the working medium. The compressor is designed for example as an electric compressor, and in this case comprises a motor, in particular in the form of an electric ¬ motors, by means of which the compressor wheel can be driven in particular via a shaft. By driving the compressor wheel, the working medium is compressed and thereby warms. For driving the compressor wheel, the motor is supplied with electric power, so that the working medium with ¬ means of the compressor using electrical energy compacted Bezie ¬ hung as electrical current and can thereby be heated.
Der Verdichter ist dabei eine Strömungsmaschine beziehungs¬ weise Fluidenergiemaschine . Der Wärmetauscher 46 ist bei¬ spielsweise ein Kondensator, mittels welchem das Arbeitsmedi¬ um kondensiert wird. Mittels der Expansionseinrichtung 50 wird das Arbeitsmedium entspannt, wobei der Wärmetauscher 44 beispielsweise ein Verdampfer ist, mittels welchem das Ar¬ beitsmedium verdampft wird. Schließlich kann das Arbeitsmedi¬ um mittels des Verdichters wieder verdichtet werden. The compressor is a turbo-machine relationship ¬ as fluid energy machine. The heat exchanger 46 is at ¬ game as a capacitor, by means of which the working Medi ¬ order is condensed. By means of the expansion device 50, the working medium is expanded, wherein the heat exchanger 44 is, for example, an evaporator, by means of which the Ar ¬ beitsmedium is evaporated. Finally, the Arbeitsmedi ¬ can be compressed by means of the compressor again.
Das erste Medium weist beispielsweise einen Massenstrom von 15 Kilogramm pro Sekunde und einen Druck von 12,5 Bar auf. Bei der Papiermaschine 10 wird der hohe Massenstrom des Kon¬ densats aus dem Trocknungsbereich 20 genutzt, um das Medium stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 zu erwärmen. Hierzu wird zumindest ein Teil der im Medium stromab des Trocknungsbe¬ reichs 20 enthaltenen Wärme der Wärmepumpe 34 zugeführt, wel¬ che zumindest ein Teil der in dem Medium stromab des Trock¬ nungsbereichs 20 enthaltenen Wärme nutzt, um das Medium, ins¬ besondere indirekt über das Arbeitsmedium, stromauf des For example, the first medium has a mass flow of 15 kilograms per second and a pressure of 12.5 bar. In the paper machine 10, the high mass flow of Kon ¬ densats is used in the drying section 20 so as to heat the medium upstream of the drying zone 20th For this purpose, part of the heat of the heat pump 34 contained in the medium downstream of the Trocknungsbe ¬ Reich 20 is at least supplied wel ¬ che uses at least part of the heat contained in the medium downstream of the Trock ¬ voltage range 20, to the medium, particularly into ¬ indirectly via the working medium, upstream of the
Trocknungsbereichs 20 zu erwärmen. Dadurch kann der Trocknungsbereich 20, insbesondere der jeweilige Trocknungszylinder 26, besonders effizient mit Dampf versorgt werden. Drying range 20 to heat. As a result, the drying area 20, in particular the respective drying cylinder 26, can be supplied with steam particularly efficiently.
Ferner ist es denkbar, dass die Wärmepumpe 34 als eine thermochemische Wärmepumpe ausgebildet ist. Bei der thermo- chemischen Wärmepumpe wird mittels Wärme, die der Wärmepumpe 34 zugeführt wird, eine chemische, Wärme aufnehmende und so¬ mit endotherme Reaktion bewirkt. Ferner wird bei der thermo- chemischen Wärmepumpe Wärme zum Erwärmen des Mediums stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 mittels einer chemischen, Wärme ab¬ gebenden und somit exothermen Reaktion bereitgestellt. Bei der thermochemischen Wärmepumpe entfallen beispielsweise das Arbeitsmedium, die Erwärmungseinrichtung 48 und die Expansionseinrichtung 50 sowie der Kreislauf 42. Dabei wird beispielsweise zumindest ein Teil der im Medium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs 20 enthaltenen Wärme, insbesondere über einen Wärmetauscher wie beispielsweise den Wärmetauscher 44, Edukten der endothermen chemischen Reaktion zugeführt wird, um dadurch die endotherme chemische Reaktion zu bewirken. Da¬ durch kann zumindest ein Teil der Wärme zum Bewirken der endothermen Reaktion in Produkten der endothermen chemischen Reaktion gespeichert werden. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the heat pump 34 is designed as a thermochemical heat pump. In the thermo-chemical heat pump, by means of heat which is supplied to the heat pump 34, a chemical, heat-absorbing and so ¬ effected with endothermic reaction. Furthermore, in the case of the thermochemical heat pump, heat is provided for heating the medium upstream of the drying region 20 by means of a chemical, heat- releasing and thus exothermic reaction. In the thermochemical heat pump, for example, the working medium, the heating device 48 and the expansion device 50 and the circuit 42. Here, for example, at least part of the heat contained in the medium downstream of the drying region 20, in particular via a heat exchanger such as the heat exchanger 44, educts of the endothermic chemical reaction, thereby causing the endothermic chemical reaction. Thus , at least a portion of the heat may be stored to effect the endothermic reaction in products of the endothermic chemical reaction.
Die endotherme chemische Reaktion ist beispielsweise eine Hinreaktion einer chemischen Gleichgewichtsreaktion. Die zuvor beschriebene exotherme chemische Reaktion ist beispiels¬ weise eine Rückreaktion der chemischen Gleichgewichtsreakti¬ on . The endothermic chemical reaction is, for example, a forward reaction of a chemical equilibrium reaction. The exothermic chemical reaction described above is example ¬, a reverse reaction of the chemical Gleichgewichtsreakti ¬ on.
Dadurch können beispielsweise die Produkte der endothermen Reaktion als Edukte der exothermen Reaktion genutzt werden. Ferners sind Produkte der exothermen Reaktion Edukte der endothermen Reaktion. Somit wird im Rahmen der exothermen Reaktion Wärme freigesetzt, welche zuvor in den Produkten der endothermen Reaktion gespeichert wurde. As a result, for example, the products of the endothermic reaction can be used as starting materials of the exothermic reaction. Ferners are products of the exothermic reaction of the endothermic reaction. Thus, as part of the exothermic reaction, heat is released which has been previously stored in the products of the endothermic reaction.
Wärme, die bei der exothermen Reaktion freigesetzt wird, kann, insbesondere über einen Wärmetauscher wie beispielswei¬ se den Wärmetauscher 46, an das Medium stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 übertragen werden, um das Medium stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 zu erwärmen. Da als Edukte der exo¬ thermen Reaktion die Produkte der endothermen Reaktion verwendet werden, ist die im Rahmen der exothermen Reaktion freigesetzte Energie beziehungsweise zumindest ein Teil der in den Produkten der endothermen Reaktion gespeicherten Energie, so dass über die chemische Gleichgewichtsreaktion bezie¬ hungsweise die endotherme Reaktion und die exotherme Reaktion zumindest ein Teil der im Medium stromab des Trocknungsbe- reichs 20 enthaltenen Energie genutzt werden kann, um das Me¬ dium stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 zu erwärmen. Heat which is released during the exothermic reaction can, in particular via a heat exchanger as beispielswei ¬ se the heat exchanger 46, are transferred to the medium upstream of the drying zone 20 to heat the medium upstream of the drying zone 20th Because be used as starting materials of the exo ¬-thermal reaction, the products of the endothermic reaction, is liberated during the exothermic reaction energy or at least part of the data stored in the products of the endothermic reaction energy so that rela ¬ hung, via the chemical equilibrium reaction, the endothermic Reaction and the exothermic reaction at least part of the medium in the medium downstream of the drying can be used rich 20 energy to heat the me ¬ dium upstream of the drying area 20.
Das Trocknen der Faserstoffbahn 14 ist ein zumindest im Wesentlichen kontinuierlicher Prozess, so dass der Einsatz der thermochemischen Wärmepumpe, insbesondere in Kombination mit der durch den Verdichter bewirkbaren mechanischen Verdichtung, insbesondere des Arbeitsmediums, vorteilhaft ist. The drying of the fibrous web 14 is an at least substantially continuous process, so that the use of the thermochemical heat pump, in particular in combination with the effect of the compressor mechanical compaction, in particular of the working medium, is advantageous.
Zur Realisierung der endothermen Reaktion wird beispielsweise ein endothermer Reaktor eingesetzt, über welchen den Edukten der endothermen Reaktion zumindest einen Teil der im Medium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs 20 enthaltenen Wärme zugeführt wird. Dies erfolgt vorzugsweise über einen indirekten Kon¬ takt, so dass beispielsweise Wärme von dem Medium an die Edukte der endothermen Reaktion übergehen kann. Dabei ist beispielsweise eine räumliche Trennung zwischen den Edukten der Hinreaktion und dem Medium vorgesehen. Alternativ ist es denkbar, dass das Medium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs 20 die Edukte der Hinreaktion direkt berührt, dass heißt an¬ strömt beziehungsweise umströmt. Beispielsweise wird dem endothermen Reaktor das Medium stromab des Trocknungsbereichs zugeführt. Der endotherme Reaktor ist beispielsweise in der Strömung des Mediums zu dem Trocknungsbereich 20 angeordnet. For the realization of the endothermic reaction, for example, an endothermic reactor is used, via which the educts of the endothermic reaction at least a portion of the heat contained in the medium downstream of the drying region 20 is supplied. This is preferably accomplished via an indirect Kon ¬ clock so that, for example, heat from the medium can pass to the reactants of the endothermic reaction. In this case, for example, a spatial separation between the reactants of the forward reaction and the medium is provided. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the medium directly contacts the reactants downstream of the forward reaction of the drying zone 20 that is flowing at ¬ or flows around. For example, the medium is fed to the endothermic reactor downstream of the drying zone. The endothermic reactor is arranged, for example, in the flow of the medium to the drying region 20.
Zur Realisierung der exothermen Reaktion wird beispielsweise ein exothermer Reaktor verwendet, über welchen beispielsweise Wärme, die bei der exothermen Reaktion freigesetzt wird, ins¬ besondere indirekt an das Medium stromauf des Trocknungsbe¬ reichs 20 übertragen wird. Dabei sind die Edukte und/oder Produkte der Rückreaktion beispielsweise räumlich von dem zu beheizenden Medium getrennt. Alternativ ist es denkbar, dass das Medium stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs 20 die Edukte und/oder Produkte der Rückreaktion direkt berührt, das heißt anströmt beziehungsweise umströmt. Der jeweilige Reaktor ist beispielsweise Bestandteil der Wärmepumpe 34. Insgesamt ist aus der Figur erkennbar, dass sich durch einen Einsatz der Wärmepumpe 34 ein besonders effizienter Betrieb der Papiermaschine 10, insbesondere ein besonders effizientes Trocknen der Faserstoffbahn 14 mittels der Trocknungszylinder 26, realisieren lässt. For the realization of the exothermic reaction is an exothermic reactor is used, for example, by means of which, for example, heat that is released in the exothermic reaction, is indirectly transferred to the ¬ special about the medium upstream of Trocknungsbe ¬ Empire 20th The educts and / or products of the reverse reaction, for example, are spatially separated from the medium to be heated. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the medium upstream of the drying zone 20 directly touches the reactants and / or products of the reverse reaction, that is, flows against or flows around. The respective reactor is for example part of the heat pump 34. Overall, it can be seen from the figure that a particularly efficient operation of the paper machine 10, in particular a particularly efficient drying of the fibrous web 14 by means of the drying cylinders 26, can be realized by using the heat pump 34.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Papiermaschine (10) zum Herstellen von Papier, Karton oder Pappe, mit einer Förder- einrichtung (16), mittels welcher wenigstens eine aus einer Fasersuspension hergestellte Faserstoffbahn (14) in eine Förderrichtung gefördert wird, mit wenigstens einem Trocknungs¬ bereich (20), in welchem die Faserstoffbahn (14), welche durch den Trocknungsbereich (20) gefördert wird, mittels we- nigstens eines Trocknungszylinders (26) getrocknet wird, wo¬ bei dem Trocknungsbereich (20) ein Medium zum Trocknen der Faserstoffbahn (14) zugeführt wird, 1. A method for operating a paper machine (10) for producing paper, cardboard or cardboard, with a conveying device (16), by means of which at least one fibrous web (14) made of a fiber suspension is conveyed in a conveying direction, with at least one drying ¬ area (20), in which the fibrous web (14), which is conveyed through the drying area (20) is dried by at least one drying cylinder (26), where ¬ in the drying area (20) a medium for drying the fibrous web (14) is supplied,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Medium stromab des Trock¬ nungsbereichs (20) von dem Trocknungsbereich (20) abgeführt und als Wärmequelle einer Wärmepumpe (34) zugeführt wird, mittels welcher das Medium stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs (20) erwärmt wird. characterized in that the medium is discharged downstream of the Trock ¬ tion region (20) of the drying region (20) and supplied as a heat source heat pump (34), by means of which the medium upstream of the drying region (20) is heated.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2. The method according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als die Wärmepumpe (34) eine thermochemische Wärmepumpe verwendet wird, bei welcher mit¬ tels Wärme, die der Wärmepumpe (34) zugeführt wird, eine che¬ mische, Wärme aufnehmende Reaktion bewirkt wird, wobei Wärme zum Erwärmen des Mediums mittels einer chemischen, Wärme ab- gebenden Reaktion bereitgestellt wird. characterized in that a thermochemical heat pump is used as the heat pump (34), in which ¬ chees heat, which is supplied to the heat pump (34), a che ¬ mix, heat-absorbing reaction is effected, wherein heat for heating the medium by means of a chemical, heat-emitting reaction is provided.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmepumpe (34) ein von dem Medium unterschiedliches Arbeitsmedium umfasst, welches mit- tels wenigstens eines Verdichters (48) verdichtet und mittels wenigstens einer Expansionseinrichtung (50) expandiert wird. characterized in that the heat pump (34) comprises a working medium different from the medium, which is compressed by means of at least one compressor (48) and expanded by means of at least one expansion device (50).
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmepumpe (34) wenigstens einen Wärmetauscher (44) zum Bewirken eines Wärmeübergangs von dem Medium an ein davon unterschiedliches, weiteres Medi¬ um umfasst. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat pump (34) comprises at least one heat exchanger (44) for effecting a heat transfer from the medium to a different, different Medi ¬ order.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmepumpe (34) wenigstens einen Wärmetauscher (46) zum Bewirken eines Wärmeübergangs von einem vom Medium unterschiedlichen Medium an das Medium umfasst. characterized in that the heat pump (34) comprises at least one heat exchanger (46) for effecting heat transfer from a medium different from the medium to the medium.
6. Papiermaschine (10) zum Herstellen von Papier, Karton oder Pappe, mit einer Fördereinrichtung (12) zum Fördern wenigstens einer aus einer Fasersuspension hergestellten Faser- Stoffbahn (14) in eine Förderrichtung, mit wenigstens einem zumindest einen Trocknungszylinder (26) aufweisenden Trocknungsbereich (20), in welchem die durch den Trocknungsbereich (20) zu fördernde Faserstoffbahn (14) mittels des Trocknungs¬ zylinders (26) zu trocknen ist, wobei dem Trocknungsbereich (20) ein Medium zum Trocknen der Faserstoffbahn (14) 6. paper machine (10) for producing paper, cardboard or cardboard, with a conveyor (12) for conveying at least one fibrous web made of a fiber suspension (14) in a conveying direction, with at least one at least one drying cylinder (26) having drying area (20), in which through the drying area (20) to be conveyed fibrous web (14) is to be dried by means of drying ¬ cylinder (26), wherein the drying area (20) a medium for drying the fibrous web (14)
zuführbar ist, can be fed
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eine Wärmepumpe (34) zum Erwärmen des Mediums stromauf des Trocknungsbereichs (20) vorgesehen ist, wobei das Medium von dem Trocknungsbereich (20) stromab des Trocknungsbereichs (26) abführbar und als Wärmequelle der Wärmepumpe (34) zuführbar ist. characterized in that at least one heat pump (34) for heating the medium upstream of the drying area (20) is provided, wherein the medium from the drying area (20) downstream of the drying area (26) can be discharged and fed as a heat source of the heat pump (34).
EP16770702.5A 2015-10-07 2016-09-12 Method for operating a paper machine, and paper machine Active EP3344813B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015219381.0A DE102015219381A1 (en) 2015-10-07 2015-10-07 Method for operating a paper machine and paper machine
PCT/EP2016/071400 WO2017060043A1 (en) 2015-10-07 2016-09-12 Method for operating a paper machine, and paper machine

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EP3344813A1 true EP3344813A1 (en) 2018-07-11
EP3344813B1 EP3344813B1 (en) 2019-11-20

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EP (1) EP3344813B1 (en)
CN (1) CN108138443B (en)
DE (1) DE102015219381A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2768954T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2017060043A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022124572A1 (en) 2022-09-23 2024-03-28 Voith Patent Gmbh Machine and method for its operation for the production or treatment of a fibrous web with a heat pump

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB883892A (en) *
CH608289A5 (en) * 1976-06-15 1978-12-29 Escher Wyss Gmbh Drying apparatus, in particular for paper machines
FI821906L (en) * 1982-05-28 1983-11-29 Valmet Oy VAERMETILLVARATAGNINGSFOERFARANDE
DE3612907A1 (en) * 1986-04-17 1987-11-12 Thermo Consulting Heidelberg PLANT FOR RECOVERY OF WASTE HEAT CONTAINED IN THE EXHAUST OF DRYERS FROM PAPER MACHINES
DE3837133C1 (en) * 1988-11-02 1990-04-12 Tch Thermo-Consulting-Heidelberg Gmbh, 6900 Heidelberg, De
US5210958A (en) * 1991-07-15 1993-05-18 Mcgill University Paper web drying apparatus and process
DE102007051165A1 (en) * 2007-10-25 2009-04-30 Papiertechnische Stiftung München Paper machine, has drying device provided in dry end for paper web, where energy from exhaust air of drying device is used for heating paper web in heating device that is arranged in wet end
CN101382358B (en) * 2008-10-23 2010-12-15 上海交通大学 Hotchemistry heat exchanger circulating system based on re-adsorption technology
DE102009001874A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Voith Patent Gmbh Excess heat energy i.e. steam, recovering system for e.g. paper manufacturing plant, has storage device for temporary storage of excess heat energy, and energy consumers i.e. thermo electric generators, assigned to storage device
FI122648B (en) * 2010-12-16 2012-05-15 Metso Paper Inc Method and arrangement for treating residual steam in a steam and condensation system for a fiber web machine
DE102014205381A1 (en) * 2014-03-24 2015-09-24 Voith Patent Gmbh Machine for producing a fibrous web
US10662583B2 (en) * 2014-07-29 2020-05-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Industrial plant, paper mill, control device, apparatus and method for drying drying-stock

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Publication number Publication date
CN108138443B (en) 2020-12-04
CN108138443A (en) 2018-06-08
DE102015219381A1 (en) 2017-04-13
EP3344813B1 (en) 2019-11-20
ES2768954T3 (en) 2020-06-24
WO2017060043A1 (en) 2017-04-13

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