EP3329967A1 - Discharge system using a textile element of variable diameter - Google Patents

Discharge system using a textile element of variable diameter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3329967A1
EP3329967A1 EP17204536.1A EP17204536A EP3329967A1 EP 3329967 A1 EP3329967 A1 EP 3329967A1 EP 17204536 A EP17204536 A EP 17204536A EP 3329967 A1 EP3329967 A1 EP 3329967A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brake
descender
textile support
braking force
textile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17204536.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3329967B1 (en
Inventor
Alain Maurice
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zedel SAS
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Zedel SAS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3329967A1 publication Critical patent/EP3329967A1/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/14—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brakes sliding on the rope
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/18—Other single parts for rope lowering-devices, e.g. take-up rollers for ropes, devices for shooting ropes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an evacuation system using a textile element of variable section such as a rope or a strap.
  • the patent application EP 3056248 describes abseiling equipment for emergencies. This includes a self-locking insurer associated with a rope, the insurer to rappel down the rope.
  • the main disadvantage of this type of equipment is its weight because the rope length for rappelling can be great. For example, for wind professionals, it is necessary to have a 100m cord to be able to rappel down from the top of the wind turbine. The equipment can reach several kilos.
  • Abseiling equipment is in addition to other safety devices, and tools needed to carry out the activity professional of the user. Therefore the more lightweight the equipment, the more it is appreciated by users.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a lightweight and reliable evacuation system that allows an emergency abseiling.
  • the textile support may be a rope.
  • the brake can be initially mounted on the second part, near the junction between the first part and the second part.
  • the brake acts immediately to descend on the second part. It can also be configured to be unable to translate in the first part.
  • the brake may be a plate having at least two holes having shapes complementary to the shape of the textile support in the second part.
  • the descender may be a variable intensity braking device, configured to be stationary on the textile support in the absence of the exercise of an external force.
  • the evacuation system may further comprise a docking device attached to the first end of the textile support. This facilitates the anchoring of the evacuation system in case of emergency evacuation.
  • the evacuation system may also include means for storing at least the first part of the textile support.
  • the evacuation system can be configured so that the descender can be brought into contact with the brake during the descent, or the descender can always be placed away from the brake.
  • the descender may comprise a stop configured to maintain the brake on the outside of the descender.
  • the stop may be a U-shaped piece through which the textile element passes.
  • the brake When the brake is kept at a distance from the descender, the brake can then be fixed to the storage means.
  • the sum of the braking force and the additional braking force in the second part of the textile support may be greater than or equal to the braking force in the first part of the textile support.
  • the invention also relates to an evacuation process which is easy to implement and effective.
  • An object of the invention relates to an evacuation system 1 comprising a textile support 2, a descender 3, and at least one brake 4.
  • the textile support 2 advantageously comprises a first portion 2a having a first section and being provided with a first end 2b.
  • the textile support 2 also comprises a second portion 2c having a second section lower than the first section and having a second end 2d.
  • the section difference is at least 15%, preferably at least 30% advantageously, at least 50%.
  • the section of the second portion 2c is twice the section of the first portion 2a.
  • the textile support 2 may advantageously have a circular section, the section of the first portion 2a having a larger diameter than the section of the second portion 2b.
  • the first part 2a of the textile support 2 may have a length of between 2 and 20m, while the second part 2c of the textile support 2 may reach 100m long, for example when the evacuation system 1 is used in the wind field.
  • the textile support may for example be a rope or a strap.
  • the first part 2a may for example be formed by folding the textile support 2 on itself, so as to increase its section.
  • first part 2a may be an area of the textile support 2 covered with a sheath to increase the section. It is also possible to adapt the weaving of the textile support to directly modulate its section.
  • storage means of at least the second portion 2c of the textile support 2 may be used.
  • the storage means may contain the entire evacuation system 1. They may be configured to be attached to the user's shoulder belt (not shown) or to the user so that the evacuation system 1 is always handy in case of emergency.
  • the textile support 2 can be secured to an element sufficiently strong to support the weight of a user during a descent.
  • a knot may be formed at the first end 2b of the textile support 2.
  • the evacuation system 1 may be equipped with a docking device (not shown) advantageously fixed to the first end 2b of the textile support 2.
  • the first end 2b may for example have a shape of 1 'ring in order to hang the mooring device.
  • the evacuation system 1 can be fixed quickly and makes it possible to evacuate the premises more quickly in case of emergency.
  • the first end of the textile support can be considered as the anchoring point of the evacuation system 1. Subsequently, the anchor point comprising the first end 2b of the textile support 2 may be considered as the top of the evacuator, while the second end 2d of the textile support 2 may be considered as the bottom of the evacuator.
  • the descender 3 is slidably mounted on the textile support 2, and is configured to slide towards the second end 2d.
  • the descender 3 is configured to exert a braking force on the textile support 2, so as to restrict the speed of the person who makes the abseiling.
  • the descender can be variable braking intensity.
  • descender 3 with variable braking intensity it is meant that the user more or less blocks the textile support 2 directly with his hands in order to modulate the braking intensity exerted by the descender 3.
  • the descender with intensity of Variable braking includes a control handle which is configured to define the friction force and thus the braking intensity.
  • Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous in the first part of the textile support because the user must generally move in areas with variable slopes which requires mastering the intensity of braking.
  • the descender 3 may be a self-locking device.
  • self-locking means that the descender authorizes braking of variable intensity, the braking being controlled by the user by means of a control handle integral with the descender 3. It is also understood that the descender 3 completely brakes the descent if the user does not request the control handle. The descender 3 is then immobile on the textile support 2. This embodiment of the descender 3 is illustrated on the figures 1 and 2 .
  • chute 3 Used in the evacuation system 1, it is attached to the shoulder belt (not shown) of the user who rappelling by means of attachment.
  • Ways fasteners may for example be a carabiner 5 (cf. figures 1 and 2 ) or a quick link.
  • the evacuation system 1 may comprise a single brake 4.
  • the brake 4 is also slidably mounted along the textile support 2, and is advantageously placed between the descender 3 and the second end 2d. It is configured to be able to move at least in the second part 2c of the textile support 2.
  • the role of the brake 4 is to exert an additional braking force on the textile support 2 during the descent of the user, that is to say when the brake 4 moves towards the second end 2d of the textile support 2.
  • the brake 4 is initially placed at a distance from the descender 3 so as to allow the descender 3 to move independently of the brake 4. In this configuration, only the descender 3 exerts a braking force on This is particularly advantageous because at the beginning of the descent, the user must often walk between the anchor point of the evacuator 1 and the actual start of the descent. The braking does not need to be important since the user is not yet suspended in the vacuum by means of the evacuator 1.
  • the first part 2a of the textile support 2 has a significant linear weight, but also a high resistance to abrasion. This is particularly advantageous near the anchor point when the textile support 2 changes direction to start the vertical part of the abseiling.
  • the second part 2c of the textile support 2 has a low linear weight, which is advantageous for reducing the total weight of the evacuation device and its total volume. On the other hand, the resistance to abrasion is lower. It is therefore advantageous to use this small section in the part of the textile support 2 which is vertical because the friction is very reduced.
  • the braking force exerted by the descender 3 on the textile support 2 varies according to the size of the textile support 2. It is even higher than the section of the textile support 2 is large. Consequently, when the descender 3 arrives in the second part 2c of the textile support 2, the braking force exerted by the descender 3 decreases. If the difference in section is very important, for example a ratio of 2, the descender may be unable to effectively manage the descent and the maximum braking position does not stop the user.
  • the brake 4 is advantageously positioned to prevent the sole movement of the descender 3 in the second part 2c of the textile support 2. In this way, from the moment the chute 3 arrives in the second part 2c, the user is not only braked by the braking force exerted by the descender 3, but also by an additional braking force exerted by the brake 4.
  • the additional braking force exerted by the brake 4 on the textile support makes it possible to compensate for the reduction in braking exerted by the descender 3.
  • the combination of a textile support 2 of small width, a descender 3 and a brake 4 allows braking just as intense and effective as the combination of a wide textile support 2 and a descender 3.
  • the fact that the second part 2c of the textile support is less wide than the first part 2a, and that a brake 4 be used allows to realize a system Evacuation 1 much lighter than the devices of the prior art, being just as reliable.
  • the brake 4 may for example be configured so that the sum of the braking force and the additional braking force when the descender 3 and the brake 4 slide in the second part 2c, is greater than or equal to the maximum braking force exerted. by the descender 3 when it is in the first part 2a. In this way, the user can quickly escape from the area to be evacuated, and continue to rappel more slowly when in a safer area.
  • the brake 4 can be configured to be positioned at the junction between the first portion 2a and the second portion 2c of the textile support 2. In this way, it does not exert additional braking force in the area where the descender 3 exerts the largest force, that is to say the first part 2a. In this configuration, the brake 4 aids braking by exerting an additional braking force in the area where the braking force exerted by the descender 3 is lower, that is to say the second part 2c.
  • the brake 4 can be configured to be unable to translate in the first part 2a of the textile support 2.
  • the structure of the brake 4 may for example be adapted so that it can not translate in the first part 2a.
  • the brake 4 may for example be a wafer comprising at least two holes having shapes complementary to the shape of the textile support 2 in the second part 2c.
  • This particular embodiment of the brake 4 is illustrated on the figures 1 and 2 .
  • the brake 4 can slide along the second portion 2c of the textile support 2, and is blocked at the junction between the first portion 2a and the second portion 2c.
  • the brake 4 may be a plate having two holes preventing the passage of the rope in the first portion (large diameter section), and allowing the passage of the rope in the second part (small diameter section).
  • the brake 4 may have the shape of a tube where the textile support rubs against two opposite walls of the tube to exert friction.
  • the shape of the tube can be any. It may be the same for the shape of the holes of the wafer to the extent that the latter exerts a friction force during its movement in the second part 2c.
  • the brake may also be in the form of a chute with two flanges which define a circulation path of the textile support 2.
  • the advantage of the wafer lies in its ease of construction and in its compactness while ensuring a controlled frictional force. by adapting the number of holes, the size of the holes and the shape of the holes.
  • the brake 4 can be slidably mounted on the textile support 2, and be free to move relative to the harness (not shown).
  • the brake 4 can be slidably mounted on the textile support, and attached to the harness directly or indirectly.
  • the descender 3 and the brake 4 can come into contact during the abseiling. This is especially true when the brake 4 is too small a piece to be by hand, for example when it is a plate like the one illustrated on the figures 1 and 2 .
  • the descender 3 may be provided with a stop 3a which locks the brake 4 on the outside of the chute 3. This ensures an optimal operation of the evacuation system 1 during operation. abseiling.
  • the stop 3a may for example be a U-shaped piece whose ends are fixed to the descender 3, so as to form a ring through which the textile support 2 can slide. This embodiment is illustrated in figure 2 . This configuration makes it possible to operate the descender 3 and the brake 4 so as to exert a braking force and an additional braking force.
  • the user can gain speed despite the braking force exerted by the descender 3. Also, when descender 3 between in contact with the brake 4, the additional braking force exerted by the brake 4 on the textile support 2 is added to the braking force exerted by the descender 3 on the textile support 2.
  • the brake 4 can be free to move relative to the shoulder belt, without coming into contact with the descender 3.
  • a marker positioned between the brake 4 and the first end 2b may signal to the user that he must stop his descent in order to grip the brake 4 by hand before the latter comes into contact with the descender 3.
  • An embodiment of this type can be envisaged when the user does not need to wear the evacuation system 1 with the rest of his equipment, for example when the evacuation system is placed in a risk zone beforehand. to be used in case of emergency.
  • the brake 4 can be fixed to the harness. It can for example be fixed directly to the harness, or be attached to the harness through the storage means of the textile support 2 if the evacuation system 1 is equipped.
  • the brake 4 may comprise a hole allowing the passage of a connecting element such as a strap, a carabiner or a quick link.
  • the evacuation system 1 may also contain several brakes having properties similar to those of the brake 4 which has just been described.
  • the use of several brakes makes it possible to add additional braking forces.
  • the number of brakes mounted on the evacuation system depends on the weight of the user.
  • a diverent person can use an evacuation system that has several brakes, while a slimmer person can use an evacuation system 1 having a single brake 4.
  • the invention also relates to a method of evacuation by means of an evacuation system 1 such as that just described.
  • the first step is to moor the evacuation system 1 to an element strong enough to support the weight of the user during a descent.
  • the textile support 2 must then be turned on so that the user can sit in his harness and begin the descent. It may not be be immediate after the mooring of the evacuation system 1. In fact, if the user has to step over objects, for example in case of fire, the latter begins by walking to reach an area where he can put the rope powered on and suspended using the evacuation system 1. The user is therefore directly or indirectly linked to the descender 3 to abseil.
  • the user can then slide along the textile support 2 towards the second end 2d by controlling the braking force exerted by the descender 3 on the textile support.
  • the descender 3 moves along the textile support 2, in the first part 2a, independently of the brake 4.
  • the descent speed is regulated by the braking force provided by the descender 3.
  • the mechanical connection between the brake 4 and the descender 3 can be achieved by direct physical contact or by indirect contact, for example by means of the user or another point of attachment.
  • the brake 4 is movably mounted relative to the harness, and that the latter can come into contact with the descender 3, for example if it is too small to be held correctly in the hand, then the user can advantageously slow down his descent arriving near the brake 4 to avoid a sudden shock that could be unpleasant for him, and detrimental to the equipment.
  • the braking may be prompted by the presence of a marker on the textile support, which signals the presence of the brake 4.
  • the evacuation system is configured so that the descender 3 and the brake 4 do not come into contact, the user can perform all the abseiling until reaching the second end of the textile support 2. This is possible for example when the user can take the descender 3 in one hand and the brake 4 in the other hand, or when the brake 4 is large enough for the user to sit on it or keep it at a distance with his feet .
  • the evacuation system 1 as it has just been proposed is much lighter than the devices of the prior art thanks to the variable section of the textile support 2, and is equally reliable thanks to the simultaneous use of the descender 3 and the brake 4 in the area where the textile support 2 is the narrowest.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'évacuation (1) comprenant :
• un support textile (2) de largeur variable comportant une première partie (2a) ayant une première largeur dotée d'une première extrémité (2b), et une deuxième partie (2c) ayant une deuxième largeur inférieure à la première largeur et dotée d'une deuxième extrémité (2d),
• un descendeur (3) monté coulissant le long du support textile (2) depuis la première partie (2a) vers la deuxième partie (2c), et configuré pour exercer une force de freinage sur le support textile (2),
• au moins un frein (4)
∘ monté coulissant le long du support textile (2),
∘ placé entre le descendeur (3) et la deuxième extrémité (2d), à distance du descendeur (3) de manière à autoriser un déplacement du descendeur (3) indépendamment du frein (4),
∘ apte à translater au moins dans la deuxième partie (2c),
∘ configuré pour exercer une force de freinage additionnelle sur le support textile (2) lors du déplacement du frein (4) vers la deuxième extrémité (2d),
∘ configuré pour empêcher le déplacement seul du descendeur (3) dans la deuxième partie (2c).

Figure imgaf001
The invention relates to an evacuation system (1) comprising:
A variable width textile support (2) having a first portion (2a) having a first width having a first end (2b), and a second portion (2c) having a second width less than the first width and having a second end (2d),
A descender (3) slidably mounted along the textile support (2) from the first portion (2a) towards the second portion (2c), and configured to exert a braking force on the textile support (2),
• at least one brake (4)
∘ slidably mounted along the textile support (2),
∘ placed between the descender (3) and the second end (2d), away from the descender (3) so as to allow movement of the descender (3) independently of the brake (4),
∘ able to translate at least in the second part (2c),
∘ configured to exert an additional braking force on the textile support (2) during the displacement of the brake (4) towards the second end (2d),
∘ configured to prevent the descent (3) from moving alone in the second part (2c).

Figure imgaf001

Description

Domaine technique de l'inventionTechnical field of the invention

L'invention est relative à un système d'évacuation utilisant un élément textile de section variable telle qu'une corde ou une sangle.The invention relates to an evacuation system using a textile element of variable section such as a rope or a strap.

État de la techniqueState of the art

Dans le cadre de certaines activités professionnelles, il est possible qu'une personne doive partir en urgence d'un endroit pour des raisons de sécurité. Par exemple en cas de fragilisation d'une structure ou d'un incendie en hauteur, l'unique solution pour évacuer les lieux peut être de faire une descente en rappel en urgence. Pour cela, les professionnels doivent toujours avoir leur équipement pour descendre en rappel à portée de main.In the context of certain professional activities, it is possible that a person must leave a place urgently for security reasons. For example, in case of weakening of a structure or a fire at height, the only solution to evacuate the place may be to make a rappelling emergency. For this, professionals must always have their equipment to rappel down at hand.

La demande de brevet EP 3056248 décrit un équipement de descente en rappel pour des cas d'urgence. Celui-ci comporte un assureur autobloquant associé à une corde, l'assureur permettant de descendre en rappel le long de la corde.The patent application EP 3056248 describes abseiling equipment for emergencies. This includes a self-locking insurer associated with a rope, the insurer to rappel down the rope.

Le principal inconvénient de ce type d'équipement est son poids car la longueur de corde pour faire le rappel peut être grande. Par exemple, pour les professionnels de l'éolien, il est nécessaire d'avoir une corde de 100m pour pouvoir faire une descente en rappel depuis le haut de l'éolienne. L'équipement peut atteindre plusieurs kilos.The main disadvantage of this type of equipment is its weight because the rope length for rappelling can be great. For example, for wind professionals, it is necessary to have a 100m cord to be able to rappel down from the top of the wind turbine. The equipment can reach several kilos.

L'équipement de descente en rappel vient s'ajouter aux autres dispositifs de sécurité, et aux outils indispensables pour mener à bien l'activité professionnelle de l'utilisateur. Par conséquent plus l'équipement est léger, plus celui-ci est apprécié des utilisateurs.Abseiling equipment is in addition to other safety devices, and tools needed to carry out the activity professional of the user. Therefore the more lightweight the equipment, the more it is appreciated by users.

Objet de l'inventionObject of the invention

Un objet de l'invention consiste à réaliser un système d'évacuation léger et fiable qui permet une descente en rappel en urgence.An object of the invention is to provide a lightweight and reliable evacuation system that allows an emergency abseiling.

A cet effet, le système d'évacuation comporte :

  • un support textile de section variable comportant une première partie ayant une première section dotée d'une première extrémité, et une deuxième partie ayant une deuxième section inférieure à la première section et dotée d'une deuxième extrémité,
  • un descendeur monté coulissant le long du support textile depuis la première partie vers la deuxième partie, et configuré pour exercer une force de freinage sur le support textile,
  • au moins un frein
    • ∘ monté coulissant le long du support textile,
    • ∘ placé entre le descendeur et la deuxième extrémité, à distance du descendeur de manière à autoriser un déplacement du descendeur indépendamment du frein,
    • ∘ apte à translater au moins dans la deuxième partie,
    • ∘ configuré pour exercer une force de freinage additionnelle sur le support textile lors du déplacement du frein vers la deuxième extrémité,
    • ∘ configuré pour empêcher le déplacement seul du descendeur dans la deuxième partie.
For this purpose, the evacuation system comprises:
  • a variable section textile support having a first portion having a first section having a first end, and a second portion having a second section lower than the first section and having a second end,
  • a descender slidably mounted along the textile support from the first part towards the second part, and configured to exert a braking force on the textile support,
  • at least one brake
    • ∘ slidably mounted along the textile support,
    • ∘ placed between the descender and the second end, away from the descender so as to allow movement of the descender independently of the brake,
    • ∘ able to translate at least in the second part,
    • ∘ configured to exert an additional braking force on the textile support when the brake is moved towards the second end,
    • ∘ configured to prevent the single movement of the descender into the second part.

De manière préférée, le support textile peut être une corde.In a preferred manner, the textile support may be a rope.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, le frein peut être initialement monté sur la deuxième partie, à proximité de la jonction entre la première partie et la deuxième partie. Ainsi lors d'une évacuation, lorsque le descendeur quitte la première partie, le frein agit immédiatement pour descendre sur la seconde partie. Il peut également être configuré pour être dans l'impossibilité de translater dans la première partie. Le frein peut être une plaquette comportant au moins deux trous ayant des formes complémentaires de la forme du support textile dans la deuxième partie.According to one aspect of the invention, the brake can be initially mounted on the second part, near the junction between the first part and the second part. Thus during an evacuation, when the descender leaves the first part, the brake acts immediately to descend on the second part. It can also be configured to be unable to translate in the first part. The brake may be a plate having at least two holes having shapes complementary to the shape of the textile support in the second part.

En ce qui concerne le descendeur, celui-ci peut être un dispositif de freinage à intensité variable, configuré pour être immobile sur le support textile en l'absence de l'exercice d'une force extérieure.As regards the descender, it may be a variable intensity braking device, configured to be stationary on the textile support in the absence of the exercise of an external force.

Le système d'évacuation peut par ailleurs comporter un dispositif d'amarrage fixé à la première extrémité du support textile. Cela permet de faciliter l'ancrage du système d'évacuation en cas d'évacuation en urgence.The evacuation system may further comprise a docking device attached to the first end of the textile support. This facilitates the anchoring of the evacuation system in case of emergency evacuation.

Le système d'évacuation peut également comporter des moyens de rangement d'au moins la première partie du support textile.The evacuation system may also include means for storing at least the first part of the textile support.

Le système d'évacuation peut être configuré de sorte que le descendeur puisse être mis en contact avec le frein au cours de la descente, ou alors le descendeur peut toujours être placé à distance du frein.The evacuation system can be configured so that the descender can be brought into contact with the brake during the descent, or the descender can always be placed away from the brake.

Dans le premier mode de réalisation, le descendeur peut comporter une butée configurée pour maintenir le frein à l'extérieur du descendeur. La butée peut être une pièce en forme de U à travers laquelle passe l'élément textile.In the first embodiment, the descender may comprise a stop configured to maintain the brake on the outside of the descender. The stop may be a U-shaped piece through which the textile element passes.

Lorsque le frein est maintenu à distance du descendeur, le frein peut alors être fixé aux moyens de rangement.When the brake is kept at a distance from the descender, the brake can then be fixed to the storage means.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, la somme de la force de freinage et de la force de freinage additionnelle dans la deuxième partie du support textile peut être supérieure ou égale à la force de freinage dans la première partie du support textile. Cela permet à l'utilisateur de maitriser sa descente dans un premier temps pour quitter la zone dangereuse et escarpée, et de descendre de manière homogène par la suite lorsque la descente est verticale.According to an advantageous embodiment, the sum of the braking force and the additional braking force in the second part of the textile support may be greater than or equal to the braking force in the first part of the textile support. This allows the user to master his descent in a first time to leave the dangerous and steep area, and to descend homogeneously thereafter when the descent is vertical.

L'invention a également pour objet un procédé d'évacuation qui est facile à mettre en oeuvre et efficace.The invention also relates to an evacuation process which is easy to implement and effective.

Le procédé est remarquable en ce qu'il comporte :

  • fournir un système d'évacuation selon l'un des modes de réalisation précédents, le support textile ayant la première extrémité fixée à un point d'amarrage et le descendeur étant fixé à un utilisateur,
  • faire coulisser le descendeur le long du support textile depuis la première partie vers la deuxième partie, le descendeur exerçant une force de freinage sur le support textile, le descendeur se déplaçant indépendamment du frein dans au moins une zone de la première partie, jusqu'à ce que le frein soit lié mécaniquement au descendeur,
  • faire coulisser simultanément le descendeur et le frein le long du support textile dans au moins une zone de la deuxième partie de sorte que le frein exerce une force de freinage additionnelle sur le support textile lors du déplacement du frein vers la deuxième extrémité, le frein étant placé entre le descendeur et la deuxième extrémité.
The process is remarkable in that it comprises:
  • providing an evacuation system according to one of the preceding embodiments, the textile support having the first end attached to a docking point and the descender being attached to a user,
  • sliding the descender along the textile support from the first part to the second part, the descender exerting a braking force on the textile support, the descender moving independently of the brake in at least one zone of the first part, until that the brake is mechanically linked to the descender,
  • simultaneously sliding the descender and the brake along the textile support in at least one zone of the second part so that the brake exerts an additional braking force on the textile support when the brake is moved towards the second end, the brake being placed between the descender and the second end.

Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre de modes particuliers de réalisation de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs et représentés aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels les figures 1 et 2 illustrent de façon schématique un mode de réalisation d'un évacuateur selon un premier mode de réalisation.Other advantages and features will emerge more clearly from the following description of particular embodiments of the invention. given as non-limiting examples and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which the figures 1 and 2 schematically illustrate an embodiment of an evacuator according to a first embodiment.

Description détailléedetailed description

Un objet de l'invention concerne un système d'évacuation 1 comportant un support textile 2, un descendeur 3, et au moins un frein 4.An object of the invention relates to an evacuation system 1 comprising a textile support 2, a descender 3, and at least one brake 4.

Le support textile 2 comporte avantageusement une première partie 2a ayant une première section et étant dotée d'une première extrémité 2b. Le support textile 2 comporte également une deuxième partie 2c ayant une deuxième section inférieure à la première section et étant dotée d'une deuxième extrémité 2d. De manière avantageuse, la différence de section est au moins égale à 15%, de préférence au moins égale à 30% de manière avantageuse, au moins égale à 50%. Par exemple, la section de la deuxième portion 2c est le double de la section de la première portion 2a.The textile support 2 advantageously comprises a first portion 2a having a first section and being provided with a first end 2b. The textile support 2 also comprises a second portion 2c having a second section lower than the first section and having a second end 2d. Advantageously, the section difference is at least 15%, preferably at least 30% advantageously, at least 50%. For example, the section of the second portion 2c is twice the section of the first portion 2a.

Le support textile 2 peut avantageusement avoir une section circulaire, la section de la première partie 2a ayant un plus grand diamètre que la section de la deuxième partie 2b.The textile support 2 may advantageously have a circular section, the section of the first portion 2a having a larger diameter than the section of the second portion 2b.

La première partie 2a du support textile 2 peut avoir une longueur comprise entre 2 et 20m, tandis que la deuxième partie 2c du support textile 2 peut atteindre 100m de long, par exemple lorsque le système d'évacuation 1 est utilisé dans le domaine éolien.The first part 2a of the textile support 2 may have a length of between 2 and 20m, while the second part 2c of the textile support 2 may reach 100m long, for example when the evacuation system 1 is used in the wind field.

Le support textile peut par exemple être une corde ou une sangle. La première partie 2a peut par exemple être formée par le pliage du support textile 2 sur lui-même, de sorte à augmenter sa section. En alternative, la première partie 2a peut être une zone du support textile 2 recouverte d'une gaine afin d'en augmenter la section. Il est également possible d'adapter le tissage du support textile afin de moduler directement sa section.The textile support may for example be a rope or a strap. The first part 2a may for example be formed by folding the textile support 2 on itself, so as to increase its section. Alternatively, first part 2a may be an area of the textile support 2 covered with a sheath to increase the section. It is also possible to adapt the weaving of the textile support to directly modulate its section.

Pour que l'utilisateur du système d'évacuation 1 soit le moins encombré possible, des moyens de rangement (non représentés) d'au moins la deuxième partie 2c du support textile 2 peuvent être utilisés. Idéalement, les moyens de rangement peuvent contenir l'ensemble du système d'évacuation 1. Ils peuvent être configurés pour être fixés au baudrier (non représenté) de l'utilisateur ou à l'utilisateur pour que le système d'évacuation 1 soit toujours à portée de main en cas d'urgence.In order for the user of the evacuation system 1 to be as compact as possible, storage means (not shown) of at least the second portion 2c of the textile support 2 may be used. Ideally, the storage means may contain the entire evacuation system 1. They may be configured to be attached to the user's shoulder belt (not shown) or to the user so that the evacuation system 1 is always handy in case of emergency.

Lorsque le système d'évacuation 1 est utilisé, le support textile 2 peut être rendu solidaire d'un élément suffisamment solide pour supporter le poids d'un utilisateur au cours d'une descente en rappel. Un noeud peut être réalisé au niveau de la première extrémité 2b du support textile 2.When the evacuation system 1 is used, the textile support 2 can be secured to an element sufficiently strong to support the weight of a user during a descent. A knot may be formed at the first end 2b of the textile support 2.

En alternative, le système d'évacuation 1 peut être équipé d'un dispositif d'amarrage (non représenté) avantageusement fixé à la première extrémité 2b du support textile 2. Dans ce cas, la première extrémité 2b peut par exemple avoir une forme d'anneau afin de pouvoir accrocher le dispositif d'amarrage. Grâce à un dispositif d'amarrage, le système d'évacuation 1 peut être fixé rapidement et permet d'évacuer les lieux plus vite en cas d'urgence.Alternatively, the evacuation system 1 may be equipped with a docking device (not shown) advantageously fixed to the first end 2b of the textile support 2. In this case, the first end 2b may for example have a shape of 1 'ring in order to hang the mooring device. By means of a mooring device, the evacuation system 1 can be fixed quickly and makes it possible to evacuate the premises more quickly in case of emergency.

Que le système d'évacuation 1 soit équipé ou non d'un dispositif d'amarrage, la première extrémité du support textile peut être considérée comme le point d'ancrage du système d'évacuation 1. Par la suite, le point d'ancrage comprenant la première extrémité 2b du support textile 2 pourra être considéré comme le haut de l'évacuateur, tandis que la deuxième extrémité 2d du support textile 2 pourra être considérée comme le bas de l'évacuateur.Whether the evacuation system 1 is equipped with a mooring device or not, the first end of the textile support can be considered as the anchoring point of the evacuation system 1. Subsequently, the anchor point comprising the first end 2b of the textile support 2 may be considered as the top of the evacuator, while the second end 2d of the textile support 2 may be considered as the bottom of the evacuator.

Le descendeur 3 est monté coulissant sur le support textile 2, et est configuré pour coulisser en direction de la deuxième extrémité 2d. Le descendeur 3 est configuré pour exercer une force de freinage sur le support textile 2, de sorte à restreindre la vitesse de la personne qui effectue la descente en rappel.The descender 3 is slidably mounted on the textile support 2, and is configured to slide towards the second end 2d. The descender 3 is configured to exert a braking force on the textile support 2, so as to restrict the speed of the person who makes the abseiling.

Le descendeur peut être à intensité de freinage variable. Par descendeur 3 à intensité de freinage variable, on entend que l'utilisateur bloque plus ou moins le support textile 2 directement avec ses mains afin de moduler l'intensité du freinage exercé par le descendeur 3. De manière avantageuse, le descendeur à intensité de freinage variable comporte une poignée de commande qui est configurée pour définir la force de frottement et donc l'intensité du freinage. Un tel mode de réalisation est particulièrement avantageux dans la première partie du support textile car l'utilisateur doit généralement se déplacer dans des zones à pentes variables ce qui nécessite de maitriser l'intensité du freinage.The descender can be variable braking intensity. By descender 3 with variable braking intensity, it is meant that the user more or less blocks the textile support 2 directly with his hands in order to modulate the braking intensity exerted by the descender 3. Advantageously, the descender with intensity of Variable braking includes a control handle which is configured to define the friction force and thus the braking intensity. Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous in the first part of the textile support because the user must generally move in areas with variable slopes which requires mastering the intensity of braking.

Le descendeur 3 peut être un dispositif autobloquant. Par autobloquant, on entend que le descendeur autorise un freinage d'intensité variable, le freinage étant commandé par l'utilisateur au moyen d'une poignée de commande faisant partie intégrante du descendeur 3. On entend également que le descendeur 3 freine complètement la descente de l'utilisateur si ce dernier ne sollicite pas la poignée de commande. Le descendeur 3 est alors immobile sur le support textile 2. Ce mode de réalisation du descendeur 3 est illustré sur les figures 1 et 2.The descender 3 may be a self-locking device. By self-locking means that the descender authorizes braking of variable intensity, the braking being controlled by the user by means of a control handle integral with the descender 3. It is also understood that the descender 3 completely brakes the descent if the user does not request the control handle. The descender 3 is then immobile on the textile support 2. This embodiment of the descender 3 is illustrated on the figures 1 and 2 .

Quel que soit le type de descendeur 3 employé dans le système d'évacuation 1, celui-ci est fixé au baudrier (non représenté) de l'utilisateur qui effectue la descente en rappel via des moyens d'attache. Les moyens d'attache peuvent par exemple être un mousqueton 5 (cf. figures 1 et 2) ou un maillon rapide.Whatever the type of chute 3 used in the evacuation system 1, it is attached to the shoulder belt (not shown) of the user who rappelling by means of attachment. Ways fasteners may for example be a carabiner 5 (cf. figures 1 and 2 ) or a quick link.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier illustré sur les figures, le système d'évacuation 1 peut comporter un unique frein 4. Comme le descendeur 3, le frein 4 est également monté coulissant le long du support textile 2, et est avantageusement placé entre le descendeur 3 et la deuxième extrémité 2d. Il est configuré pour pouvoir se déplacer au moins dans la deuxième partie 2c du support textile 2.According to a particular embodiment illustrated in the figures, the evacuation system 1 may comprise a single brake 4. Like the descender 3, the brake 4 is also slidably mounted along the textile support 2, and is advantageously placed between the descender 3 and the second end 2d. It is configured to be able to move at least in the second part 2c of the textile support 2.

Le rôle du frein 4 est d'exercer une force de freinage additionnelle sur le support textile 2 au cours de la descente en rappel de l'utilisateur, c'est-à-dire lorsque le frein 4 se déplace vers la deuxième extrémité 2d du support textile 2.The role of the brake 4 is to exert an additional braking force on the textile support 2 during the descent of the user, that is to say when the brake 4 moves towards the second end 2d of the textile support 2.

Afin de faciliter le début de la descente en rappel, le frein 4 est initialement placé à distance du descendeur 3 de sorte à autoriser un déplacement du descendeur 3 indépendamment du frein 4. Dans cette configuration, seul le descendeur 3 exerce une force de freinage sur le support textile 2. Cela est particulièrement avantageux car au début de la descente en rappel, l'utilisateur doit bien souvent marcher entre le point d'ancrage de l'évacuateur 1 et le début réel de la descente. Le freinage n'a donc pas besoin d'être important puisque l'utilisateur n'est pas encore suspendu dans le vide au moyen de l'évacuateur 1.In order to facilitate the start of the descent, the brake 4 is initially placed at a distance from the descender 3 so as to allow the descender 3 to move independently of the brake 4. In this configuration, only the descender 3 exerts a braking force on This is particularly advantageous because at the beginning of the descent, the user must often walk between the anchor point of the evacuator 1 and the actual start of the descent. The braking does not need to be important since the user is not yet suspended in the vacuum by means of the evacuator 1.

La première partie 2a du support textile 2 présente un poids linéique important, mais également une résistance à l'abrasion élevée. Cela est particulièrement avantageux à proximité du point d'ancrage lorsque le support textile 2 change de direction pour entamer la partie verticale de la descente en rappel.The first part 2a of the textile support 2 has a significant linear weight, but also a high resistance to abrasion. This is particularly advantageous near the anchor point when the textile support 2 changes direction to start the vertical part of the abseiling.

La deuxième partie 2c du support textile 2 présente un poids linéique faible, ce qui est avantageux pour réduire le poids total du dispositif d'évacuation et son volume total. En revanche, la résistance à l'abrasion est plus faible. Il est donc avantageux d'utiliser cette faible section dans la partie du support textile 2 qui est verticale car les frottements sont très réduits.The second part 2c of the textile support 2 has a low linear weight, which is advantageous for reducing the total weight of the evacuation device and its total volume. On the other hand, the resistance to abrasion is lower. It is therefore advantageous to use this small section in the part of the textile support 2 which is vertical because the friction is very reduced.

La force de freinage exercée par le descendeur 3 sur le support textile 2 varie en fonction de la taille du support textile 2. Elle est d'autant plus élevée que la section du support textile 2 est grande. Par conséquent, lorsque le descendeur 3 arrive dans la deuxième partie 2c du support textile 2, la force de freinage exercée par le descendeur 3 diminue. Si la différence de section est très importante, par exemple d'un rapport égal à 2, le descendeur peut être incapable de gérer efficacement la descente et la position de freinage maximale ne permet pas d'arrêter l'utilisateur.The braking force exerted by the descender 3 on the textile support 2 varies according to the size of the textile support 2. It is even higher than the section of the textile support 2 is large. Consequently, when the descender 3 arrives in the second part 2c of the textile support 2, the braking force exerted by the descender 3 decreases. If the difference in section is very important, for example a ratio of 2, the descender may be unable to effectively manage the descent and the maximum braking position does not stop the user.

Aussi, afin de garantir la sécurité de l'utilisateur, le frein 4 est avantageusement positionné pour empêcher le déplacement seul du descendeur 3 dans la deuxième partie 2c du support textile 2. De cette façon, à partir du moment où le descendeur 3 arrive dans la deuxième partie 2c, l'utilisateur est non seulement freiné par la force de freinage exercée par le descendeur 3, mais aussi par une force de freinage additionnelle exercée par le frein 4.Also, to ensure the safety of the user, the brake 4 is advantageously positioned to prevent the sole movement of the descender 3 in the second part 2c of the textile support 2. In this way, from the moment the chute 3 arrives in the second part 2c, the user is not only braked by the braking force exerted by the descender 3, but also by an additional braking force exerted by the brake 4.

La force de freinage additionnelle exercée par le frein 4 sur le support textile permet de compenser la diminution du freinage exercé par le descendeur 3. La combinaison d'un support textile 2 de faible largeur, d'un descendeur 3 et d'un frein 4 permet de réaliser un freinage tout aussi intense et efficace que la combinaison d'un support textile 2 large et d'un descendeur 3. Le fait que la deuxième partie 2c du support textile soit moins large que la première partie 2a, et qu'un frein 4 soit utilisé permet de réaliser un système d'évacuation 1 beaucoup plus léger que les dispositifs de l'art antérieur, en étant tout aussi fiable.The additional braking force exerted by the brake 4 on the textile support makes it possible to compensate for the reduction in braking exerted by the descender 3. The combination of a textile support 2 of small width, a descender 3 and a brake 4 allows braking just as intense and effective as the combination of a wide textile support 2 and a descender 3. The fact that the second part 2c of the textile support is less wide than the first part 2a, and that a brake 4 be used allows to realize a system Evacuation 1 much lighter than the devices of the prior art, being just as reliable.

Le frein 4 peut par exemple être configuré pour que la somme de la force de freinage et de la force de freinage additionnelle lorsque le descendeur 3 et le frein 4 coulissent dans la deuxième partie 2c, soit supérieure ou égale à la force de freinage maximale exercée par le descendeur 3 lorsqu'il se trouve dans la première partie 2a. De cette façon, l'utilisateur peut s'échapper rapidement de la zone à évacuer, et continuer à descendre en rappel plus lentement lorsqu'il est dans une zone plus sure.The brake 4 may for example be configured so that the sum of the braking force and the additional braking force when the descender 3 and the brake 4 slide in the second part 2c, is greater than or equal to the maximum braking force exerted. by the descender 3 when it is in the first part 2a. In this way, the user can quickly escape from the area to be evacuated, and continue to rappel more slowly when in a safer area.

Pour optimiser le fonctionnement du frein 4, celui-ci peut être configuré pour être positionné à la jonction entre la première partie 2a et la deuxième partie 2c du support textile 2. De cette façon, il n'exerce pas de force de freinage additionnelle dans la zone où le descendeur 3 exerce la force la plus importante, c'est-à-dire la première partie 2a. Dans cette configuration, le frein 4 aide au freinage en exerçant une force de freinage additionnelle dans la zone où la force de freinage exercée par le descendeur 3 est moins élevée, c'est-à-dire la deuxième partie 2c.To optimize the operation of the brake 4, it can be configured to be positioned at the junction between the first portion 2a and the second portion 2c of the textile support 2. In this way, it does not exert additional braking force in the area where the descender 3 exerts the largest force, that is to say the first part 2a. In this configuration, the brake 4 aids braking by exerting an additional braking force in the area where the braking force exerted by the descender 3 is lower, that is to say the second part 2c.

Pour éviter que le frein 4 n'exerce une force de freinage additionnelle dans la première partie 2a du support textile 2, le frein 4 peut être configuré pour être dans l'impossibilité de translater dans la première partie 2a du support textile 2. Pour y parvenir, la structure du frein 4 peut par exemple être adaptée pour qu'il ne puisse pas translater dans la première partie 2a.To prevent the brake 4 exerting an additional braking force in the first part 2a of the textile support 2, the brake 4 can be configured to be unable to translate in the first part 2a of the textile support 2. to achieve, the structure of the brake 4 may for example be adapted so that it can not translate in the first part 2a.

A cet effet, le frein 4 peut par exemple être une plaquette comportant au moins deux trous ayant des formes complémentaires de la forme du support textile 2 dans la deuxième partie 2c. Ce mode de réalisation particulier du frein 4 est illustré sur les figures 1 et 2. Dans une telle configuration, le frein 4 peut coulisser le long de la deuxième partie 2c du support textile 2, et est bloqué à la jonction entre la première partie 2a et la deuxième partie 2c.For this purpose, the brake 4 may for example be a wafer comprising at least two holes having shapes complementary to the shape of the textile support 2 in the second part 2c. This particular embodiment of the brake 4 is illustrated on the figures 1 and 2 . In such a configuration, the brake 4 can slide along the second portion 2c of the textile support 2, and is blocked at the junction between the first portion 2a and the second portion 2c.

Dans le cas particulier où le support textile 2 est une corde de section circulaire, le frein 4 peut être une plaquette dotée de deux trous interdisant le passage de la corde dans la première partie (section de grand diamètre), et permettant le passage de la corde dans la deuxième partie (section de petit diamètre).In the particular case where the textile support 2 is a rope of circular section, the brake 4 may be a plate having two holes preventing the passage of the rope in the first portion (large diameter section), and allowing the passage of the rope in the second part (small diameter section).

Cependant, l'utilisation d'un frein 4 différent d'une plaquette peut être envisagé. En effet, le frein 4 peut avoir la forme d'un tube où le support textile vient frotter contre deux parois opposées du tube pour exercer du frottement. La forme du tube peut être quelconque. Il peut en être de même pour la forme des trous de la plaquette dans la mesure où cette dernière exerce une force de frottement lors de son déplacement dans la deuxième partie 2c. Le frein peut également être sous la forme d'un descendeur avec deux flasques qui définissent un chemin de circulation du support textile 2. L'avantage de la plaquette réside dans sa facilité de réalisation et dans sa compacité tout en assurant une force de frottement maitrisée en adaptant le nombre de trous, la taille des trous et la forme des trous.However, the use of a brake 4 different from a wafer may be considered. Indeed, the brake 4 may have the shape of a tube where the textile support rubs against two opposite walls of the tube to exert friction. The shape of the tube can be any. It may be the same for the shape of the holes of the wafer to the extent that the latter exerts a friction force during its movement in the second part 2c. The brake may also be in the form of a chute with two flanges which define a circulation path of the textile support 2. The advantage of the wafer lies in its ease of construction and in its compactness while ensuring a controlled frictional force. by adapting the number of holes, the size of the holes and the shape of the holes.

L'agencement du frein 4 relativement au descendeur 3 peut être envisagé de différentes manières. Dans un mode de réalisation, le frein 4 peut être monté coulissant sur le support textile 2, et être libre de bouger par rapport au baudrier (non représenté). En alternative, le frein 4 peut être monté coulissant sur le support textile, et fixé au baudrier directement ou indirectement.The arrangement of the brake 4 relative to the descender 3 can be envisaged in different ways. In one embodiment, the brake 4 can be slidably mounted on the textile support 2, and be free to move relative to the harness (not shown). Alternatively, the brake 4 can be slidably mounted on the textile support, and attached to the harness directly or indirectly.

Lorsque le frein 4 est libre de bouger par rapport au baudrier, le descendeur 3 et le frein 4 peuvent entrer en contact au cours de la descente en rappel. Cela est notamment vrai lorsque le frein 4 est une pièce trop petite pour être tenue à la main, par exemple lorsqu'il s'agit d'une plaquette telle que celle illustrée sur les figures 1 et 2.When the brake 4 is free to move relative to the shoulder belt, the descender 3 and the brake 4 can come into contact during the abseiling. This is especially true when the brake 4 is too small a piece to be by hand, for example when it is a plate like the one illustrated on the figures 1 and 2 .

Pour éviter l'enchevêtrement du descendeur 3 et du frein 4, le descendeur 3 peut être doté d'une butée 3a qui bloque le frein 4 à l'extérieur du descendeur 3. Cela garantit un fonctionnement optimal du système d'évacuation 1 lors d'une descente en rappel.To avoid the entanglement of the descender 3 and the brake 4, the descender 3 may be provided with a stop 3a which locks the brake 4 on the outside of the chute 3. This ensures an optimal operation of the evacuation system 1 during operation. abseiling.

La butée 3a peut par exemple être une pièce en forme de U dont les extrémités sont fixées au descendeur 3, de sorte à former un anneau à travers lequel le support textile 2 peut coulisser. Ce mode de réalisation est illustré à la figure 2. Cette configuration permet de faire fonctionner le descendeur 3 et le frein 4 de sorte à exercer une force de freinage et une force de freinage additionnelle.The stop 3a may for example be a U-shaped piece whose ends are fixed to the descender 3, so as to form a ring through which the textile support 2 can slide. This embodiment is illustrated in figure 2 . This configuration makes it possible to operate the descender 3 and the brake 4 so as to exert a braking force and an additional braking force.

Au début de la descente en rappel, et lorsque le descendeur 3 est encore dans la première partie 2a du support textile 2, l'utilisateur peut prendre de la vitesse malgré la force de freinage exercée par le descendeur 3. Aussi, lorsque descendeur 3 entre en contact avec le frein 4, la force de freinage additionnelle exercée par le frein 4 sur le support textile 2 vient s'ajouter à la force de freinage exercée par le descendeur 3 sur le support textile 2.At the beginning of the abseiling, and when the descender 3 is still in the first part 2a of the textile support 2, the user can gain speed despite the braking force exerted by the descender 3. Also, when descender 3 between in contact with the brake 4, the additional braking force exerted by the brake 4 on the textile support 2 is added to the braking force exerted by the descender 3 on the textile support 2.

Si le frein 4 est suffisamment grand pour pouvoir être tenu à la main, le frein 4 peut être libre de bouger par rapport au baudrier, sans pour autant entrer en contact avec le descendeur 3. Ici, un marqueur positionné entre le frein 4 et la première extrémité 2b peut signaler à l'utilisateur qu'il doit freiner sa descente afin de saisir le frein 4 à la main avant que ce dernier n'entre en contact avec le descendeur 3.If the brake 4 is large enough to be hand-held, the brake 4 can be free to move relative to the shoulder belt, without coming into contact with the descender 3. Here, a marker positioned between the brake 4 and the first end 2b may signal to the user that he must stop his descent in order to grip the brake 4 by hand before the latter comes into contact with the descender 3.

On peut également prévoir un mode de réalisation du système d'évacuation dans lequel le frein 4 est suffisamment grand pour jouer le rôle de sellette ou de plateforme sur laquelle l'utilisateur peut s'asseoir ou se tenir debout. Un mode de réalisation de ce type peut être envisagé lorsque l'utilisateur n'a pas besoin de porter le système d'évacuation 1 avec le reste de son équipement, par exemple lorsque le système d'évacuation est placé préventivement dans une zone à risque pour pouvoir être utilisé en cas d'urgence.One can also provide an embodiment of the evacuation system in which the brake 4 is large enough to play the role of harness or platform on which the user can sit or stand. An embodiment of this type can be envisaged when the user does not need to wear the evacuation system 1 with the rest of his equipment, for example when the evacuation system is placed in a risk zone beforehand. to be used in case of emergency.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le frein 4 peut être fixé au baudrier. Il peut par exemple être fixé directement au baudrier, ou être fixé au baudrier par l'intermédiaire des moyens de rangement du support textile 2 si le système d'évacuation 1 en est équipé. Pour fixer le frein 4 au baudrier, le frein 4 peut comporter un trou permettant le passage d'un élément de connexion tel qu'une sangle, un mousqueton ou un maillon rapide.According to another embodiment, the brake 4 can be fixed to the harness. It can for example be fixed directly to the harness, or be attached to the harness through the storage means of the textile support 2 if the evacuation system 1 is equipped. To fix the brake 4 to the harness, the brake 4 may comprise a hole allowing the passage of a connecting element such as a strap, a carabiner or a quick link.

Le système d'évacuation 1 peut également contenir plusieurs freins ayant des propriétés similaires à celles du frein 4 qui vient d'être décrit. L'utilisation de plusieurs freins permet d'ajouter des forces de freinage supplémentaires. On peut par exemple imaginer que le nombre de freins montés sur le système d'évacuation est fonction du poids de l'utilisateur. Ainsi une personne corpulente pourra utiliser un système d'évacuation qui comporte plusieurs freins, tandis qu'une personne plus svelte pourra utiliser un système d'évacuation 1 comportant un frein 4 unique.The evacuation system 1 may also contain several brakes having properties similar to those of the brake 4 which has just been described. The use of several brakes makes it possible to add additional braking forces. For example, it is possible to imagine that the number of brakes mounted on the evacuation system depends on the weight of the user. Thus a corpulent person can use an evacuation system that has several brakes, while a slimmer person can use an evacuation system 1 having a single brake 4.

L'invention concerne également une méthode d'évacuation au moyen d'un système d'évacuation 1 tel que celui qui vient d'être décrit.The invention also relates to a method of evacuation by means of an evacuation system 1 such as that just described.

Pour quitter un lieu en hauteur lorsqu'il y a urgence, la première étape consiste à amarrer le système d'évacuation 1 à un élément suffisamment solide pour supporter le poids de l'utilisateur lors d'une descente en rappel.To leave a place high up when there is an emergency, the first step is to moor the evacuation system 1 to an element strong enough to support the weight of the user during a descent.

Le support textile 2 doit ensuite être mis sous tension afin que l'utilisateur puisse s'asseoir dans son baudrier et entamer la descente. Cela peut ne pas être immédiat après l'amarrage du système d'évacuation 1. En effet, si l'utilisateur doit enjamber des objets, par exemple en cas d'incendie, ce dernier commence par marcher afin d'atteindre une zone où il peut mettre la corde sous tension et se suspendre à l'aide du système d'évacuation 1. L'utilisateur est donc lié directement ou indirectement au descendeur 3 afin de descendre en rappel.The textile support 2 must then be turned on so that the user can sit in his harness and begin the descent. It may not be be immediate after the mooring of the evacuation system 1. In fact, if the user has to step over objects, for example in case of fire, the latter begins by walking to reach an area where he can put the rope powered on and suspended using the evacuation system 1. The user is therefore directly or indirectly linked to the descender 3 to abseil.

L'utilisateur peut ensuite coulisser le long du support textile 2 en direction de la deuxième extrémité 2d en commandant la force de freinage exercée par le descendeur 3 sur le support textile. Avantageusement, le descendeur 3 se déplace le long du support textile 2, dans la première partie 2a, indépendamment du frein 4. La vitesse de descente est régulée par la force de freinage procurée par le descendeur 3.The user can then slide along the textile support 2 towards the second end 2d by controlling the braking force exerted by the descender 3 on the textile support. Advantageously, the descender 3 moves along the textile support 2, in the first part 2a, independently of the brake 4. The descent speed is regulated by the braking force provided by the descender 3.

Comme indiqué plus haut, lorsque le descendeur 3 atteint la deuxième partie 2c, la force de freinage diminue à cause de la diminution de la section du support textile 2. Il est alors avantageux de lier mécaniquement le frein avec le descendeur afin d'avoir un déplacement simultané du frein 4 et du descendeur 3 et ainsi exercer la force de freinage et la force de freinage additionnel. Selon les modes de réalisation présentés plus haut, la liaison mécanique entre le frein 4 et le descendeur 3 peut être réalisée par un contact physique direct ou par un contact indirect par exemple au moyen de l'utilisateur ou d'un autre point de fixation.As indicated above, when the descender 3 reaches the second part 2c, the braking force decreases because of the reduction of the section of the textile support 2. It is then advantageous to mechanically link the brake with the descender to have a simultaneous displacement of the brake 4 and the descender 3 and thus exercise the braking force and the additional braking force. According to the embodiments presented above, the mechanical connection between the brake 4 and the descender 3 can be achieved by direct physical contact or by indirect contact, for example by means of the user or another point of attachment.

Si le frein 4 est monté mobile par rapport au baudrier, et que ce dernier peut entrer en contact avec le descendeur 3, par exemple s'il est trop petit pour être maintenu correctement dans la main, alors l'utilisateur peut avantageusement freiner sa descente en arrivant à proximité du frein 4 afin d'éviter un choc brutal qui pourrait être désagréable pour lui, et préjudiciable pour l'équipement. Le freinage peut être incité par la présence d'un marqueur sur le support textile, qui signale la présence du frein 4.If the brake 4 is movably mounted relative to the harness, and that the latter can come into contact with the descender 3, for example if it is too small to be held correctly in the hand, then the user can advantageously slow down his descent arriving near the brake 4 to avoid a sudden shock that could be unpleasant for him, and detrimental to the equipment. The braking may be prompted by the presence of a marker on the textile support, which signals the presence of the brake 4.

Lorsque le descendeur 3 et le frein 4 sont en contact, l'utilisateur peut alors poursuivre sa descente jusqu'à parvenir à la deuxième extrémité 2d du support textile 2.When the descender 3 and the brake 4 are in contact, the user can then continue his descent until reaching the second end 2d of the textile support 2.

Si le système d'évacuation est configuré pour que le descendeur 3 et le frein 4 n'entrent pas en contact, l'utilisateur peut réaliser toute la descente en rappel jusqu'à arriver à la deuxième extrémité du support textile 2. Cela est envisageable par exemple lorsque l'utilisateur peut prendre le descendeur 3 dans une main et le frein 4 dans l'autre main, ou lorsque le frein 4 est suffisamment grand pour que l'utilisateur puisse s'asseoir dessus ou le maintenir à distance avec ses pieds.If the evacuation system is configured so that the descender 3 and the brake 4 do not come into contact, the user can perform all the abseiling until reaching the second end of the textile support 2. This is possible for example when the user can take the descender 3 in one hand and the brake 4 in the other hand, or when the brake 4 is large enough for the user to sit on it or keep it at a distance with his feet .

Le système d'évacuation 1 tel qu'il vient d'être proposé est beaucoup plus léger que les dispositifs de l'art antérieur grâce à la section variable du support textile 2, et est tout aussi fiable grâce à l'emploi simultané du descendeur 3 et du frein 4 dans la zone où le support textile 2 est le plus étroit.The evacuation system 1 as it has just been proposed is much lighter than the devices of the prior art thanks to the variable section of the textile support 2, and is equally reliable thanks to the simultaneous use of the descender 3 and the brake 4 in the area where the textile support 2 is the narrowest.

Claims (13)

Système d'évacuation (1) comprenant : • un support textile (2) de section variable comportant une première partie (2a) ayant une première section dotée d'une première extrémité (2b), et une deuxième partie (2c) ayant une deuxième section inférieure à la première section et dotée d'une deuxième extrémité (2d), • un descendeur (3) monté coulissant le long du support textile (2) depuis la première partie (2a) vers la deuxième partie (2c), et configuré pour exercer une force de freinage sur le support textile (2), système d'évacuation (1) caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un frein (4) monté coulissant le long du support textile (2) dans la deuxième partie (2c), le frein (4) étant ∘ configuré pour exercer une force de freinage additionnelle sur le support textile (2) lors du déplacement du frein (4) vers la deuxième extrémité (2d), ∘ distinct du descendeur (3) de manière à autoriser un déplacement du descendeur (3) indépendamment du frein (4), ∘ placé entre le descendeur (3) et la deuxième extrémité (2d), ∘ configuré pour empêcher le déplacement seul du descendeur (3) dans la deuxième partie (2c) vers la deuxième extrémité (2d). Evacuation system (1) comprising: A textile support (2) of variable section having a first portion (2a) having a first section having a first end (2b), and a second portion (2c) having a second section lower than the first section and having a second end (2d), A descender (3) slidably mounted along the textile support (2) from the first portion (2a) towards the second portion (2c), and configured to exert a braking force on the textile support (2), a system for discharge (1) characterized in that it comprises at least one brake (4) slidably mounted along the textile support (2) in the second part (2c), the brake (4) being ∘ configured to exert an additional braking force on the textile support (2) during the displacement of the brake (4) towards the second end (2d), ∘ distinct from the descender (3) so as to allow the descender (3) to move independently of the brake (4), ∘ placed between the descender (3) and the second end (2d), ∘ configured to prevent the descent (3) from moving alone in the second portion (2c) to the second end (2d). Système d'évacuation (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le support textile (2) est une corde.Exhaust system (1) according to claim 1, wherein the textile support (2) is a rope. Système d'évacuation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, dans lequel le frein (4) est dans l'impossibilité de translater dans la première partie (2a).Exhaust system (1) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the brake (4) is unable to translate in the first part (2a). Système d'évacuation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel le frein (4) est initialement monté sur la deuxième partie (2c) du support textile (2), à proximité de la jonction entre la première partie (2a) et la deuxième partie (2c).Exhaust system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the brake (4) is initially mounted on the second portion (2c) of the textile support (2), near the junction between the first part (2a) and the second part (2c). Système d'évacuation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel le frein (4) est une plaquette comportant au moins deux trous ayant des formes complémentaires de la forme du support textile (2) dans la deuxième partie (2c).Exhaust system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the brake (4) is a wafer having at least two holes having shapes complementary to the shape of the textile support (2) in the second part (2c). Système d'évacuation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, comportant un dispositif d'amarrage fixé à la première extrémité (2a) du support textile (2).Exhaust system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a docking device attached to the first end (2a) of the textile support (2). Système d'évacuation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, comportant des moyens de rangement d'au moins la deuxième partie (2c) du support textile (2).Exhaust system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising storage means of at least the second portion (2c) of the textile support (2). Système d'évacuation (1) selon la revendication 7, dans lequel le frein (4) est fixé aux moyens de rangement.An exhaust system (1) according to claim 7, wherein the brake (4) is attached to the storage means. Système d'évacuation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel le descendeur (3) comporte une butée (3a) configurée pour maintenir le frein (4) à l'extérieur du descendeur (3).Exhaust system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the descender (3) has a stop (3a) configured to maintain the brake (4) outside the descender (3). Système d'évacuation (1) selon la revendication 9, dans lequel la butée (3a) est une pièce en forme de U à travers laquelle passe l'élément textile (2).Exhaust system (1) according to claim 9, wherein the stop (3a) is a U-shaped piece through which the textile element (2) passes. Système d'évacuation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel le descendeur (3) est un dispositif de freinage à intensité variable, configuré pour être immobile sur le support textile (2) en l'absence de l'exercice d'une force extérieure.An evacuation system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the descender (3) is an intensity braking device variable, configured to be stationary on the textile support (2) in the absence of the exercise of an external force. Système d'évacuation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, dans lequel la somme de la force de freinage et de la force de freinage additionnelle dans la deuxième partie (2c) du support textile (2) est supérieure ou égale à la force de freinage dans la première partie (2a) du support textile (2).An exhaust system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the sum of the braking force and the additional braking force in the second part (2c) of the textile support (2) is greater or equal to the braking force in the first part (2a) of the textile support (2). Procédé d'évacuation comportant - fournir un système d'évacuation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, le support textile (2) ayant la première extrémité fixée à un point d'amarrage et le descendeur (3) étant fixé à un utilisateur, - faire coulisser le descendeur (3) le long du support textile (2) depuis la première partie (2a) vers la deuxième partie (2c), le descendeur (3) exerçant une force de freinage sur le support textile (2), le descendeur (3) se déplaçant indépendamment du frein (4) dans au moins une zone de la première partie (2a), jusqu'à ce que le frein (4) soit lié mécaniquement au descendeur (3), - faire coulisser simultanément le descendeur (3) et le frein (4) le long du support textile (2) dans au moins une zone de la deuxième partie (2c) de sorte que le frein exerce une force de freinage additionnelle sur le support textile (2) lors du déplacement du frein (4) vers la deuxième extrémité (2d), le frein (4) étant placé entre le descendeur (3) et la deuxième extrémité (2d). Evacuation method comprising - providing an exhaust system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, the textile support (2) having the first end attached to a docking point and the descender (3) being attached to a user, - slide the descender (3) along the textile support (2) from the first part (2a) to the second part (2c), the descender (3) exerting a braking force on the textile support (2), the descender (3) moving independently of the brake (4) in at least one area of the first portion (2a), until the brake (4) is mechanically connected to the descender (3), - simultaneously slide the descender (3) and the brake (4) along the textile support (2) in at least one zone of the second part (2c) so that the brake exerts an additional braking force on the textile support (2) when moving the brake (4) to the second end (2d), the brake (4) being placed between the descender (3) and the second end (2d).
EP17204536.1A 2016-11-30 2017-11-29 Evacuation system using a textile element of variable diameter Not-in-force EP3329967B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1661739A FR3059240B1 (en) 2016-11-30 2016-11-30 EXHAUST SYSTEM USING A VARIABLE DIAMETER TEXTILE ELEMENT

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EP3329967A1 true EP3329967A1 (en) 2018-06-06
EP3329967B1 EP3329967B1 (en) 2019-10-30

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EP (1) EP3329967B1 (en)
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CN113559474B (en) * 2021-07-03 2022-11-04 玉环铭涵洁具有限公司 Lift ware that outdoor exploration was used

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CN108114381A (en) 2018-06-05
US20180147422A1 (en) 2018-05-31
EP3329967B1 (en) 2019-10-30
FR3059240A1 (en) 2018-06-01
FR3059240B1 (en) 2020-01-10

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