EP3329739B1 - Inductor and inductor arrangement - Google Patents

Inductor and inductor arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3329739B1
EP3329739B1 EP16753290.2A EP16753290A EP3329739B1 EP 3329739 B1 EP3329739 B1 EP 3329739B1 EP 16753290 A EP16753290 A EP 16753290A EP 3329739 B1 EP3329739 B1 EP 3329739B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inductor
counter
main winding
winding
inductors
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EP16753290.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3329739A2 (en
Inventor
Jens-Uwe Mohring
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Trumpf Huettinger GmbH and Co KG
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Trumpf Huettinger GmbH and Co KG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
    • H05B6/367—Coil arrangements for melting furnaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
    • H05B6/42—Cooling of coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
    • H05B6/44—Coil arrangements having more than one coil or coil segment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an inductor for induction heating according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to an inductor arrangement with at least two inductors for induction heating according to the preamble of claim 7.
  • Inductors of this or a similar type are known, for example, from: DE11 2011 102 681 T5 , DE69 319 311 T4 , US2007 / 0068457 A1 .
  • JP 2015 069879 A and U.S. 3,108,169 A disclose an inductor according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a method for inductive heating of several objects with several inductors, each connected to a separate excitation unit, according to the preamble of claim 14.
  • Inductors are used for various industrial applications, e.g. for melting, vaporizing or operating an induction vaporizer.
  • the operation of neighboring inductors often leads to disturbances in the generators, i. the excitation units, as the inductors are magnetically coupled. This leads to a mutual influence of the connected generators, the output of which can therefore no longer be regulated at will.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an inductor and an inductor arrangement so that the perfect operation of two or more inductors which are arranged at a small distance from one another is made possible.
  • the object is achieved by an inductor for induction heating with a supply conductor and a return conductor as well as a main winding part which has at least one main winding with a first direction of rotation, with a counter-winding section opposite to the first direction of rotation on the main winding part at both ends Direction of rotation.
  • the main winding part is directly connected to one another with the opposing winding sections by a series connection.
  • the counter-turn sections and the main turn part are arranged concentrically with one another.
  • the counter-winding sections and the main winding part together have an essentially cylindrical shape.
  • the main turn part has more turns than at least one counter-turn section.
  • the main winding part is preferably suitable for inductive heating of a body, in particular configured accordingly.
  • the main winding part is preferably designed such that it has a sufficiently large internal diameter so that a body provided for heating can be arranged therein.
  • At least one counter-turn section can have one or more partial or complete turns.
  • One or more partial turns have the advantage that effective areas of the counter-turn section can be set.
  • a design with several turns enables the effect of the counter-turn section to be enhanced.
  • a counter-winding section can be designed to reduce the stray field in the outer space of the inductor.
  • the main winding part in particular the main winding part together with at least one counter-winding section, can be designed in the shape of a helix.
  • the main winding part or the main winding part and counter-winding section can have a rectangular or square cross-section.
  • the main winding part and the counter-winding section can also be conical or elliptical or have another shape.
  • the main winding part and / or the counter-winding section can be designed in such a way that they are suitable for receiving a melting or evaporating crucible.
  • At least one counter-turn section can have at least the same or a larger diameter than the main turn part.
  • the main winding part and the opposing winding sections should retain an essentially cylindrical shape. With a larger diameter of the counter-winding section, the spread of the magnetic field of the main winding part in the outer space of the inductor can be changed even more.
  • the main turn part may be connected to at least one counter turn portion by a series connection, i. the counter-turn portion and the main turn portion may be electrically connected in series.
  • the main turn part can have more turns than at least one counter-turn section.
  • the inductor is therefore particularly suitable for performing inductive heating.
  • the supply line and the return line can be routed in parallel, in particular in sections with a distance of less than 1 cm. In particular, the distance between the supply line and return line can be made as small as possible.
  • An insulator can be arranged between the supply line and the return line. However, an isolator other than air or vacuum is not absolutely necessary.
  • the supply line length can be limited by the parallel routing of the supply and return lines. This results in fewer stray fields and correspondingly fewer losses in the supply line.
  • the inductance of the supply line can be minimized by keeping a small distance between the supply line and return line.
  • the stray field can be reduced.
  • the voltage losses can also be reduced.
  • the undesired field of the supply lines can be limited to the smallest possible space.
  • flashovers can be avoided. In particular, by using an insulator, a defined distance can be achieved between the supply line and return line.
  • the feed line and / or the return line can be connected to a counter-turn section by an inductor section which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the main turn part.
  • the inductor section can extend approximately at right angles to the supply line and / or the return line.
  • the inductor section can be arranged outside the main winding part.
  • the body to be heated can be arranged inside the main winding part without the inductor section interfering with.
  • the inductor can have a coating to prevent corrosion.
  • the coating can be a polymer.
  • the inductor can be formed from a tube. This makes it suitable for cooling liquid, in particular cooling water, to flow through it. In this case, Joule losses can be dissipated by the cooling water.
  • the inductor can be made of copper. This minimizes the ohmic resistance of the inductor. The Joule losses in the cooling water of the inductor can thereby be minimized.
  • a connection for connection to an excitation unit can be provided at the ends of the supply line and the return line.
  • the excitation unit can also have a device for supplying cooling liquid, in particular cooling water. Accordingly, the connections for connection to an excitation unit can also be designed as coolant connections.
  • the inductor can be connected to a generator, in particular an excitation unit, via the connections. It can thus be supplied with both alternating current and cooling water via the connections.
  • the scope of the invention also includes an inductor arrangement with at least two inductors for induction heating, each with a supply conductor and a return conductor, as well as a main winding part which has at least one main winding with a first direction of rotation, on which at least one end there is a counter-winding section opposite to the first direction of rotation Direction of rotation is connected, wherein at least one inductor is designed according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the inductors are each connected to an excitation unit and their axes are preferably less than 5 times the value of the diameter or length of an inductor, whichever is greater.
  • the diameter of the main winding part means the diameter.
  • the length of the inductor is the axial length of the inductor including the counter-turn portion and including the length of the main turn part in the axial direction
  • At least one of the inductors can be designed as an inductor according to the invention, i.e. have a counter-turn portion at both ends of the main turn part.
  • the feed and return conductors of the at least two inductors can run parallel to one another.
  • the advantages can be achieved that are also achieved when the supply and return lines of an inductor run parallel to one another.
  • connections of at least two inductors can be arranged in a connection plane.
  • the main winding parts of at least two inductors can be arranged at the same distance from the connection plane.
  • a connection level is an imaginary area that is located at the beginning of the supply line or at the end of the return line of an inductor. The distance from the connection plane to the main winding part of the inductor can be equal to or smaller than the length of the supply line or return line.
  • the main winding parts of at least two inductors can be arranged at different distances from the connection plane.
  • At least one excitation unit can have an outer circuit which has at least one capacitor and is designed in such a way that the capacitor, together with the inductor connected to the excitation unit, is at least part of an oscillating circuit, in particular a parallel resonant circuit forms.
  • the operation of the inductor in an oscillating circuit, in particular in a parallel oscillating circuit, makes it possible for the excitation unit to have to supply a smaller current than the inductor current.
  • the excitation units that are assigned to adjacent inductors can be designed in such a way that the adjacent inductors operate at different frequencies.
  • the frequency of one excitation unit can be approximately twice the frequency of the other excitation unit.
  • the frequency of one excitation unit can be more than twice the frequency of the other excitation unit, in particular more than 2.5 times, or advantageously more than three times the frequency of the other excitation unit
  • the excitation unit can be designed to work at an excitation frequency which corresponds to the resonance frequency of the oscillating circuit.
  • the frequency can typically be in the range between 2 kHz and 50 kHz, in particular between 5 kHz and 25 kHz.
  • the frequency can particularly preferably be exactly 8.2 kHz or 22 kHz.
  • the excitation unit only needs to deliver the real power at the resonance frequency that is required for heating.
  • the resonant circuit itself supplies the reactive power to build up the electromagnetic field.
  • Crucibles for melting and in particular for vaporizing metal can be arranged within the inductors, in particular within the main winding part.
  • the scope of the invention also includes a method for inductive heating of several objects with several inductors according to one of claims 1 to 6, each connected to a separate excitation unit.
  • a first excitation unit is operated at one frequency and a second excitation unit is operated at a second from the first frequency different frequency operated.
  • the second frequency can be at least twice the first frequency.
  • the first frequency can be in a range from 2 to 15 kHz, preferably from 5 to 10 kHz, very particularly preferably exactly 8.2 kHz.
  • the second frequency can be in the range 15 to 50 kHz, in particular 18 to 25 kHz, preferably exactly 22 kHz.
  • Two adjacent inductors can be operated at different frequencies. If the inductors are designed as inductors according to the invention, the inductors can be operated at different frequencies without significantly influencing one another.
  • At least two inductors can be operated alternately at different frequencies.
  • Inductors that are arranged at the same distance from the connection plane can be operated at the same frequency.
  • Inductors whose main winding parts are arranged at different distances from the connection level can be operated at different frequencies.
  • the Figure 1 shows an inductor 1 with a main winding part 2 and two opposing winding sections 3, 4.
  • the main winding part 2 has main windings 5 with a first direction of rotation.
  • the counterwinding sections 3, 4 have the opposite direction of rotation.
  • the counter-turn sections 3, 4 are located at the opposite ends of the main turn part 2.
  • the main turns 5 of the main turn part 2 and the counter-turn sections 3, 4 have the same diameter.
  • the opposing turn sections 3, 4 have a have a larger diameter than the main winding 5 of the main winding part 2.
  • the main winding part 2 and the opposing winding sections 3, 4 should have a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • the inductor 1 has a length I which comprises the main winding part 2 and the opposing winding sections 3, 4.
  • the opposing turn sections 3, 4 have an almost complete turn in the exemplary embodiment shown. However, it is also conceivable that the opposing turn sections 3, 4 have only part of a turn.
  • the opposing winding sections 3, 4 are connected to the main winding part 2 in an electrical series circuit. This is achieved in that the opposing turn sections 3, 4 are connected to the main turn part 5 by inductor sections 6, 7 which cause a deflection by 180 °.
  • the counterwinding section 4 is connected to a supply conductor 8 and the counterwinding section 3 is connected to the return conductor 10 via an inductor section 9.
  • the inductor section 9 runs essentially perpendicular to the direction of extension of the return conductor 10 and outside of the main winding part 5.
  • the supply conductor 8 and the return conductor 10 are connected to connections 11, 12, which are used for connection to an excitation unit but also for connection to a coolant circuit.
  • An insulator 14 can be arranged between the supply line 8 and the return line 10. Also is the Figures 1 and 2 it can be seen that the main winding part 2, together with the counter-winding sections 3, 4, is designed to be essentially cylindrical. The main turn part 2 has more turns than the counter turn sections 3, 4. Both the inductor section 9 and the inductor section 15, via which the lead 8 is connected to the counter turn section 4, run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the main turn section 2.
  • the Figure 3 shows an inductor arrangement 100 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, has three inductors 1, 1a, 1b.
  • the inductors 1, 1a, 1b are designed as in FIG Figure 1 shown. However, they could also be designed in such a way that only a counter-turn section is provided at one end of the main turn part 5.
  • the inductors 1, 1a, 1b can be designed differently, that is to say, for example, an inductor 1 can be provided which has two opposing winding sections at opposite ends of the main winding part.
  • an inductor can be provided which has a counter-winding section only at one end of the main winding part, and a third inductor, for example, which does not have a counter-winding section, can be provided. Any variations are possible here. At least one of the inductors should, however, have at least one counter-winding section in order to reduce the stray field and to be able to arrange the inductors 1 close to one another.
  • the distance d between the longitudinal axes of the main winding parts 2 of two adjacent inductors 1 and 1a or 1a and 1b is preferably less than five times the diameter D of a main winding part 2 of an inductor 1, 1a, 1b or the length I of an inductor 1.
  • the supply and return conductors 8, 10 of the inductors 1, 1a, 1b run parallel, i.e. not only the supply line 8 and return line 10 of an inductor 1 but also all supply lines 8 and all return lines 10 run parallel to one another.
  • the inductors 1, 1a, 1b are each connected to an excitation unit 101, 102, 103.
  • the inductors 1, 1a, 1b are also supplied with cooling liquid by the excitation units 101 to 103.
  • the excitation units 101 to 103 work independently of one another and can generate an alternating current with a different excitation frequency.
  • the excitation unit 101 can generate a first excitation frequency and the excitation unit 102 can generate a second excitation frequency.
  • the second excitation frequency can in particular be approximately twice the first excitation frequency.
  • the excitation units 101 to 103 can generate different excitation frequencies.
  • the excitation units 101 to 103 are all arranged in the same connection plane e.
  • the main winding parts 2 of adjacent inductors 1 and 1a as well as 1a and 1b are arranged at different distances from the connection plane e.
  • the main winding parts 2 of the inductors 1 and 1b, which are arranged further away from one another, are arranged at the same distance from the connection plane e.
  • the excitation unit 101 has an outer circuit 104 which has a capacitor and is configured such that the capacitor together with the inductor 1 connected to the excitation unit 101 has at least part of an oscillating circuit, in particular one Parallel resonant circuit, forms. All excitation units 101 to 103 can have such an outer circle.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Induktor zur Induktionserwärmung laut dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an inductor for induction heating according to the preamble of claim 1.

Darüber hinaus betrifft die Erfindung eine Induktoranordnung mit zumindest zwei Induktoren zur Induktionserwärmung laut dem Oberbegriff des Anpruchs 7.The invention also relates to an inductor arrangement with at least two inductors for induction heating according to the preamble of claim 7.

Induktoren dieser oder ähnlicher Art sind beispielsweise bekannt aus: DE11 2011 102 681 T5 , DE69 319 311 T4 , US2007/0068457 A1 . JP 2015 069879 A und US 3 108 169 A offenbaren einen Induktor laut dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.Inductors of this or a similar type are known, for example, from: DE11 2011 102 681 T5 , DE69 319 311 T4 , US2007 / 0068457 A1 . JP 2015 069879 A and U.S. 3,108,169 A disclose an inductor according to the preamble of claim 1.

Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur induktiven Erwärmung mehrerer Objekte mit mehreren jeweils an eine separate Anregungseinheit angeschlossenen induktoren laut dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 14.The invention also relates to a method for inductive heating of several objects with several inductors, each connected to a separate excitation unit, according to the preamble of claim 14.

Induktoren werden für unterschiedliche industrielle Anwendungen eingesetzt, z.B. zum Aufschmelzen, Verdampfen oder zum Betrieb eines Induktionsverdampfes. Der Betrieb von benachbarten Induktoren führt oftmals zu Störungen an den Generatoren, d.h. den Anregungseinheiten, da die Induktoren magnetisch verkoppelt sind. Dadurch kommt es zu einer gegenseitigen Beeinflussung der angeschlossenen Generatoren, deren Leistung dadurch nicht mehr beliebig geregelt werden kann.Inductors are used for various industrial applications, e.g. for melting, vaporizing or operating an induction vaporizer. The operation of neighboring inductors often leads to disturbances in the generators, i. the excitation units, as the inductors are magnetically coupled. This leads to a mutual influence of the connected generators, the output of which can therefore no longer be regulated at will.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Induktor und eine Induktoranordnung bereit zu stellen, so dass der einwandfreie Betrieb von zwei oder mehr Induktoren, welche in geringem Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind, ermöglicht wird.The object of the present invention is to provide an inductor and an inductor arrangement so that the perfect operation of two or more inductors which are arranged at a small distance from one another is made possible.

Gemäß einem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch einen Induktor zur Induktionserwärmung mit einem Zuleiter und einem Rückleiter sowie einem Hauptwindungsteil, der zumindest eine Hauptwindung mit einem ersten Drehsinn aufweist, wobei sich an den Hauptwindungsteil an beiden Enden ein Gegenwindungsabschnitt mit zum ersten Drehsinn entgegengesetzten Drehsinn anschließt. Der Hauptwindungsteil ist mit den Gegenwindungsabschnitten durch eine Reihenschaltung direkt miteinander verbunden. Die Gegenwindungsabschnitte und der Hauptwindungsteil sind konzentrisch zueinander angeordnet. Die Gegenwindungsabschnitte und der Hauptwindungsteil weisen dabei gemeinsam eine im Wesentlichen zylindrische Form auf. Der Hauptwindungsteil weist mehr Windungen als zumindest ein Gegenwindungsabschnitt auf. Dadurch wird dem magnetischen Feld des Hauptwindungsteils ein entgegengesetzt gerichtetes Magnetfeld überlagert. Die Ausbreitung des Magnetfelds des Hauptwindungsteils wird im Außenraum des Induktors verändert, insbesondere am Ort des Gegenwindungsabschnitts. Dadurch wird das Streufeld im Außenraum des Induktors deutlich geschwächt. Die Gegeninduktivität zwischen benachbarten Induktoren wird verringert.According to a first aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by an inductor for induction heating with a supply conductor and a return conductor as well as a main winding part which has at least one main winding with a first direction of rotation, with a counter-winding section opposite to the first direction of rotation on the main winding part at both ends Direction of rotation. The main winding part is directly connected to one another with the opposing winding sections by a series connection. The counter-turn sections and the main turn part are arranged concentrically with one another. The counter-winding sections and the main winding part together have an essentially cylindrical shape. The main turn part has more turns than at least one counter-turn section. As a result, an oppositely directed magnetic field is superimposed on the magnetic field of the main winding part. The propagation of the magnetic field of the main winding part is changed in the outer space of the inductor, in particular at the location of the opposing winding section. This will make that Stray field in the outer area of the inductor is clearly weakened. The mutual inductance between adjacent inductors is reduced.

Der Hauptwindungsteil ist dabei vorzugsweise für die induktive Erwärmung eines Körpers geeignet, insbesondere entsprechend ausgestaltet. Vorzugsweise ist der Hauptwindungsteil so ausgestaltet, dass er einen ausreichend großen Innendurchmesser aufweist, so dass ein zur Erwärmung vorgesehener Körper darin angeordnet werden kann.The main winding part is preferably suitable for inductive heating of a body, in particular configured accordingly. The main winding part is preferably designed such that it has a sufficiently large internal diameter so that a body provided for heating can be arranged therein.

Zumindest ein Gegenwindungsabschnitt kann eine oder mehrere teilweise oder vollständige Windungen aufweisen. Eine oder mehrere teilweise Windungen haben den Vorteil, dass Wirkungsbereiche des Gegenwindungsabschnitts einstellbar sind. Eine Ausführung mit mehreren Windungen ermöglicht eine Verstärkung der Wirkung des Gegenwindungsabschnitts. Insbesondere kann ein Gegenwindungsabschnitt ausgelegt sein, das Streufeld im Außenraum des Induktors herabzusetzen.At least one counter-turn section can have one or more partial or complete turns. One or more partial turns have the advantage that effective areas of the counter-turn section can be set. A design with several turns enables the effect of the counter-turn section to be enhanced. In particular, a counter-winding section can be designed to reduce the stray field in the outer space of the inductor.

Der Hauptwindungsteil, insbesondere der Hauptwindungsteil zusammen mit zumindest einem Gegenwindungsabschnitt, kann helixförmig ausgestaltet sein. Alternativ kann der Hauptwindungsteil oder können Hauptwindungsteil und Gegenwindungsabschnitt einen rechteckigen oder quadratischen Querschnitt haben. Sowie der Hauptwindungsteil als auch der Gegenwindungsabschnitt können auch kegelförmig oder ellipsenförmig sein oder eine andere Form aufweisen. Insbesondere können der Hauptwindungsteil und/oder der Gegenwindungsabschnitt so ausgebildet sein, dass sie geeignet sind zur Aufnahme eines Schmelz- oder Verdampfertiegels.The main winding part, in particular the main winding part together with at least one counter-winding section, can be designed in the shape of a helix. Alternatively, the main winding part or the main winding part and counter-winding section can have a rectangular or square cross-section. As well as the main winding part and the counter-winding section can also be conical or elliptical or have another shape. In particular, the main winding part and / or the counter-winding section can be designed in such a way that they are suitable for receiving a melting or evaporating crucible.

Außerdem ist es möglich, rechteckige oder quadratische zu erwärmende Körper mit konstantem Koppelspalt aufzunehmen.It is also possible to accommodate rectangular or square bodies to be heated with a constant coupling gap.

Zumindest ein Gegenwindungsabschnitt kann wenigstens den gleichen oder einen größeren Durchmesser als der Hauptwindungsteil aufweisen. Dabei sollen aber Hauptwindungsteil und die Gegenwindungsabschnitte eine im Wesentlichen zylindrische Form behalten. Durch einen größeren Durchmesser des Gegenwindungsabschnitts kann die Ausbreitung des Magnetfelds des Hauptwindungsteils im Außenraum des Induktors noch stärker verändert werden.At least one counter-turn section can have at least the same or a larger diameter than the main turn part. In this case, however, the main winding part and the opposing winding sections should retain an essentially cylindrical shape. With a larger diameter of the counter-winding section, the spread of the magnetic field of the main winding part in the outer space of the inductor can be changed even more.

Der Hauptwindungsteil kann mit zumindest einem Gegenwindungsabschnitt durch eine Reihenschaltung verbunden sein, d.h. der Gegenwindungsabschnitt und der Hauptwindungsteil können elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet sein. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der im Hauptwindungsteil fließende Wechselstrom mit der gleichen Phasenlage auch in den Gegenwindungsabschnitt fließt, wodurch die Ausbreitung des Magnetfelds des Hauptwindungsteils im Außenraum des Induktors maximal verändert wird.The main turn part may be connected to at least one counter turn portion by a series connection, i. the counter-turn portion and the main turn portion may be electrically connected in series. This has the advantage that the alternating current flowing in the main winding part also flows with the same phase position into the opposing winding section, as a result of which the propagation of the magnetic field of the main winding part in the outer space of the inductor is maximally changed.

Der Hauptwindungsteil kann mehr Windungen als zumindest ein Gegenwindungsabschnitt aufweisen. Somit ist der Induktor besonders geeignet, eine induktive Erwärmung durchzuführen.The main turn part can have more turns than at least one counter-turn section. The inductor is therefore particularly suitable for performing inductive heating.

Der Zuleiter und der Rückleiter können parallel, insbesondere abschnittsweise mit einem Abstand kleiner 1 cm, geführt sein. Insbesondere kann der Abstand zwischen Zuleiter und Rückleiter möglichst klein ausgeführt sein. Zwischen dem Zuleiter und dem Rückleiter kann ein Isolator angeordnet sein. Allerdings ist ein anderer Isolator als Luft oder Vakuum nicht zwingend erforderlich.The supply line and the return line can be routed in parallel, in particular in sections with a distance of less than 1 cm. In particular, the distance between the supply line and return line can be made as small as possible. An insulator can be arranged between the supply line and the return line. However, an isolator other than air or vacuum is not absolutely necessary.

Durch die parallele Führung von Zuleiter und Rückleiter kann die Zuleitungslänge begrenzt werden. Dadurch entstehen weniger Streufelder und entsprechend weniger Verluste in der Zuleitung. Durch einen geringen Abstand zwischen Zuleiter und Rückleiter kann die Induktivität der Zuleitung minimiert werden. Das Streufeld kann verringert werden. Ebenfalls können die Spannungsverluste verringert werden. Weiterhin kann eine Begrenzung des unerwünschten Feldes der Zuleitungen auf einem möglichst kleinen Raum erfolgen. Durch die Verwendung eines Isolators können Überschläge vermieden werden. Insbesondere kann durch die Verwendung eines Isolators ein definierter Abstand zwischen Zuleiter und Rückleiter realisiert werden.The supply line length can be limited by the parallel routing of the supply and return lines. This results in fewer stray fields and correspondingly fewer losses in the supply line. The inductance of the supply line can be minimized by keeping a small distance between the supply line and return line. The stray field can be reduced. The voltage losses can also be reduced. Furthermore, the undesired field of the supply lines can be limited to the smallest possible space. By using an insulator, flashovers can be avoided. In particular, by using an insulator, a defined distance can be achieved between the supply line and return line.

Der Zuleiter und/oder der Rückleiter können mit einem Gegenwindungsabschnitt durch einen Induktorabschnitt verbunden sein, der sich parallel zur Längsachse des Hauptwindungsteils erstreckt. Insbesondere kann sich der Induktorabschnitt etwa rechtwinklig zu dem Zuleiter und/oder dem Rückleiter erstrecken.The feed line and / or the return line can be connected to a counter-turn section by an inductor section which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the main turn part. In particular, the inductor section can extend approximately at right angles to the supply line and / or the return line.

Dabei kann der Induktorabschnitt außerhalb des Hauptwindungsteils angeordnet sein. Somit kann der zu erwärmende Körper innerhalb des Hauptwindungsteils angeordnet werden, ohne dass der Induktorabschnitt stört.The inductor section can be arranged outside the main winding part. Thus, the body to be heated can be arranged inside the main winding part without the inductor section interfering with.

Der Induktor kann eine Beschichtung zur Vermeidung von Korrosion aufweisen. Insbesondere kann es sich bei der Beschichtung um ein Polymer handeln.The inductor can have a coating to prevent corrosion. In particular, the coating can be a polymer.

Der Induktor kann aus einem Rohr ausgebildet sein. Dadurch ist er geeignet, von Kühlflüssigkeit, insbesondere Kühlwasser, durchströmt zu werden. Joule'sche Verluste können in diesem Fall durch das Kühlwasser abgeführt werden.The inductor can be formed from a tube. This makes it suitable for cooling liquid, in particular cooling water, to flow through it. In this case, Joule losses can be dissipated by the cooling water.

Der Induktor kann aus Kupfer ausgebildet sein. Der ohmsche Widerstand des Induktors wird dadurch minimiert. Die Joule'schen Verluste im Kühlwasser des Induktors können dadurch minimiert werden.The inductor can be made of copper. This minimizes the ohmic resistance of the inductor. The Joule losses in the cooling water of the inductor can thereby be minimized.

An den Enden des Zuleiters und des Rückleiters kann jeweils ein Anschluss zur Verbindung mit einer Anregungseinheit vorgesehen sein. Dabei kann die Anregungseinheit auch eine Vorrichtung zum Zuführen von Kühlflüssigkeit, insbesondere Kühlwasser, aufweisen. Entsprechend können die Anschlüsse zur Verbindung mit einer Anregungseinheit auch als Kühlflüssigkeitsanschlüsse ausgebildet sein.A connection for connection to an excitation unit can be provided at the ends of the supply line and the return line. The excitation unit can also have a device for supplying cooling liquid, in particular cooling water. Accordingly, the connections for connection to an excitation unit can also be designed as coolant connections.

Über die Anschlüsse kann der Induktor an einen Generator, insbesondere eine Anregungseinheit, angeschlossen werden. Er kann somit über die Anschlüsse sowohl mit Wechselstrom als auch mit Kühlwasser versorgt werden.The inductor can be connected to a generator, in particular an excitation unit, via the connections. It can thus be supplied with both alternating current and cooling water via the connections.

In den Rahmen der Erfindung fällt außerdem eine Induktoranordnung mit zumindest zwei Induktoren zur Induktionserwärmung mit jeweils einem Zuleiter und einem Rückleiter sowie einem Hauptwindungsteil, der zumindest eine Hauptwindung mit einem ersten Drehsinn aufweist, an den sich an zumindest einem Ende ein Gegenwindungsabschnitt mit zum ersten Drehsinn entgegengesetzten Drehsinn anschließt, wobei zumindest ein Induktor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 ausgebildet ist, wobei die Induktoren jeweils an eine Anregungseinheit angeschlossen sind und ihre Achsen vorzugsweise einen Abstand zueinander von weniger als den 5-fachen Wert des Durchmessers oder der Länge eines Induktors aufweisen, je nachdem, welcher Wert größer ist. Mit dem Durchmesser ist der Durchmesser des Hauptwindungsteils gemeint. Bei der Länge des Induktors handelt es sich um die axiale Länge des Induktors einschließlich des Gegenwindungsabschnitts und einschließlich der Länge des Hauptwindungsteils in axialer RichtungThe scope of the invention also includes an inductor arrangement with at least two inductors for induction heating, each with a supply conductor and a return conductor, as well as a main winding part which has at least one main winding with a first direction of rotation, on which at least one end there is a counter-winding section opposite to the first direction of rotation Direction of rotation is connected, wherein at least one inductor is designed according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the inductors are each connected to an excitation unit and their axes are preferably less than 5 times the value of the diameter or length of an inductor, whichever is greater. The diameter of the main winding part means the diameter. The length of the inductor is the axial length of the inductor including the counter-turn portion and including the length of the main turn part in the axial direction

Mit einer solchen Induktoranordnung ist es möglich, die Induktoren relativ nahe beieinander anzuordnen, ohne dass die Anregungseinheiten, die an die Induktoren angeschlossen sind, wesentlich beeinflusst werden. Die Leistung der Anregungseinheiten bleibt dadurch regelbar.With such an inductor arrangement it is possible to arrange the inductors relatively close to one another without the excitation units connected to the inductors being significantly influenced. The output of the excitation units remains controllable.

Wenigstens einer der Induktoren kann als erfindungsgemäßer Induktor ausgebildet sein, d.h. an beiden Enden des Hauptwindungsteils einen Gegenwindungsabschnitt aufweisen.At least one of the inductors can be designed as an inductor according to the invention, i.e. have a counter-turn portion at both ends of the main turn part.

Die Zu- und Rückleiter der zumindest zwei Induktoren können parallel zueinander verlaufen. Dadurch können die Vorteile erzielt werden, die auch erzielt werden, wenn die Zu- und Rückleitung eines Induktors parallel zueinander verlaufen.The feed and return conductors of the at least two inductors can run parallel to one another. As a result, the advantages can be achieved that are also achieved when the supply and return lines of an inductor run parallel to one another.

Die Anschlüsse von zumindest zwei Induktoren können in einer Anschlussebene angeordnet sein. Insbesondere können die Hauptwindungsteile von zumindest zwei Induktoren mit dem gleichen Abstand zur Anschlussebene angeordnet sein. Eine Anschlussebene ist eine gedachte Fläche, die sich am Beginn der Zuleitung oder am Ende der Rückleitung eines Induktors befindet. Der Abstand von der Anschlussebene zum Hauptwindungsteil des Induktors kann gleich oder kleiner als die Länge der Zuleitung oder Rückleitung sein.The connections of at least two inductors can be arranged in a connection plane. In particular, the main winding parts of at least two inductors can be arranged at the same distance from the connection plane. A connection level is an imaginary area that is located at the beginning of the supply line or at the end of the return line of an inductor. The distance from the connection plane to the main winding part of the inductor can be equal to or smaller than the length of the supply line or return line.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich können die Hauptwindungsteile von zumindest zwei Induktoren mit unterschiedlichem Abstand zur Anschlussebene angeordnet sein.Alternatively or additionally, the main winding parts of at least two inductors can be arranged at different distances from the connection plane.

Zumindest eine Anregungseinheit kann einen Außenkreis aufweisen, der zumindest einen Kondensator aufweist und derart ausgestaltet ist, dass der Kondensator zusammen mit dem an die Anregungseinheit angeschlossenen Induktor zumindest einen Teil eines Schwingkreises, insbesondere eines Parallelschwingkreises, bildet. Der Betrieb des Induktors in einem Schwingkreis, insbesondere in einem Parallelschwingkreis, ermöglicht es, dass die Anregungseinheit einen kleineren Strom als den Induktorstrom liefern muss.At least one excitation unit can have an outer circuit which has at least one capacitor and is designed in such a way that the capacitor, together with the inductor connected to the excitation unit, is at least part of an oscillating circuit, in particular a parallel resonant circuit forms. The operation of the inductor in an oscillating circuit, in particular in a parallel oscillating circuit, makes it possible for the excitation unit to have to supply a smaller current than the inductor current.

Die Anregungseinheiten, die benachbarten Induktoren zugeordnet sind, können derart ausgestaltet sein, dass die benachbarten Induktoren bei verschiedenen Frequenzen arbeiten. Dabei kann die Frequenz der einen Anregungseinheit etwa das Doppelte der Frequenz der anderen Anregungseinheit betragen. Alternativ kann die Frequenz der einen Anregungseinheit mehr als das Doppelte der Frequenz der anderen Anregungseinheit betragen, insbesondere mehr als das 2,5-fache, oder vorteilhafterweise mehr als das Dreifache der Frequenz der anderen Anregungseinheit betragenThe excitation units that are assigned to adjacent inductors can be designed in such a way that the adjacent inductors operate at different frequencies. The frequency of one excitation unit can be approximately twice the frequency of the other excitation unit. Alternatively, the frequency of one excitation unit can be more than twice the frequency of the other excitation unit, in particular more than 2.5 times, or advantageously more than three times the frequency of the other excitation unit

Die Anregungseinheit kann so ausgestaltet sein, bei einer Anregungsfrequenz zu arbeiten, die der Resonanzfrequenz des Schwingkreises entspricht. Die Frequenz kann dabei typischerweise im Bereich zwischen 2 kHz und 50 kHz liegen, insbesondere zwischen 5 kHz und 25 kHz. Besonders bevorzugt kann die Frequenz bei exakt 8,2 kHz oder 22 kHz liegen.The excitation unit can be designed to work at an excitation frequency which corresponds to the resonance frequency of the oscillating circuit. The frequency can typically be in the range between 2 kHz and 50 kHz, in particular between 5 kHz and 25 kHz. The frequency can particularly preferably be exactly 8.2 kHz or 22 kHz.

Wenn die Anregungsfrequenz der Resonanzfrequenz des Schwingkreises entspricht, muss die Anregungseinheit bei der Resonanzfrequenz nur die Wirkleistung liefern, die zur Erwärmung erforderlich ist. Die Blindleistung zum Aufbau des elektromagnetischen Feldes liefert der Schwingkreis selbst.If the excitation frequency corresponds to the resonance frequency of the oscillating circuit, the excitation unit only needs to deliver the real power at the resonance frequency that is required for heating. The resonant circuit itself supplies the reactive power to build up the electromagnetic field.

Innerhalb der Induktoren, insbesondere innerhalb des Hauptwindungsteils, können Tiegel zum Aufschmelzen und insbesondere zum Verdampfen von Metall angeordnet sein.Crucibles for melting and in particular for vaporizing metal can be arranged within the inductors, in particular within the main winding part.

In den Rahmen der Erfindung fällt außerdem ein Verfahren zum induktiven Erwärmen mehrerer Objekte mit mehreren jeweils an eine separate Anregungseinheit angeschlossenen Induktoren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6. Dabei wird eine erste Anregungseinheit bei einer Frequenz betrieben und eine zweite Anregungseinheit wird bei einer zweiten, von der ersten Frequenz abweichenden Frequenz betrieben. Die zweite Frequenz kann zumindest das Zweifache der ersten Frequenz sein. Insbesondere kann die erste Frequenz in einem Bereich 2 bis 15 kHz, vorzugsweise von 5 bis 10 kHz, ganz besonders bevorzugt exakt bei 8,2 kHz liegen. Die zweite Frequenz kann im Bereich 15 bis 50 kHz, insbesondere 18 bis 25 kHz, vorzugsweise exakt bei 22 kHz liegen.The scope of the invention also includes a method for inductive heating of several objects with several inductors according to one of claims 1 to 6, each connected to a separate excitation unit. A first excitation unit is operated at one frequency and a second excitation unit is operated at a second from the first frequency different frequency operated. The second frequency can be at least twice the first frequency. In particular, the first frequency can be in a range from 2 to 15 kHz, preferably from 5 to 10 kHz, very particularly preferably exactly 8.2 kHz. The second frequency can be in the range 15 to 50 kHz, in particular 18 to 25 kHz, preferably exactly 22 kHz.

Es können zwei benachbarte Induktoren bei unterschiedlichen Frequenzen betrieben werden. Wenn die Induktoren als erfindungsgemäße Induktoren ausgebildet sind, können die Induktoren bei unterschiedlichen Frequenzen betrieben werden, ohne sich gegenseitig wesentlich zu beeinflussen.Two adjacent inductors can be operated at different frequencies. If the inductors are designed as inductors according to the invention, the inductors can be operated at different frequencies without significantly influencing one another.

Zumindest zwei Induktoren können abwechselnd bei unterschiedlichen Frequenzen betrieben werden.At least two inductors can be operated alternately at different frequencies.

Induktoren, die mit dem gleichen Abstand zur Anschlussebene angeordnet sind, können bei der gleichen Frequenz betrieben werden.Inductors that are arranged at the same distance from the connection plane can be operated at the same frequency.

Induktoren, deren Hauptwindungsteile mit unterschiedlichem Abstand zur Anschlussebene angeordnet sind, können bei unterschiedlichen Frequenzen betrieben werden.Inductors whose main winding parts are arranged at different distances from the connection level can be operated at different frequencies.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden detaillierten Beschreibung und Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung, anhand der Figuren der Zeichnung, die erfindungswesentliche Einzelheiten zeigt, sowie aus den Ansprüchen. Die dort gezeigten Merkmale sind nicht notwendig maßstäblich zu verstehen und derart dargestellt, dass die erfindungsgemäßen Besonderheiten deutlich sichtbar gemacht werden können.Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following detailed description and exemplary embodiments of the invention, with reference to the figures of the drawing, which shows details essential to the invention, and from the claims. The features shown there are not necessarily to be understood in terms of scale and are shown in such a way that the special features according to the invention can be made clearly visible.

In der schematischen Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.In the schematic drawing, exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown and explained in more detail in the following description.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Ausführungsform eines Induktors in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht auf den Induktor gemäß der Figur 1;
Fig. 3
eine Induktoranordnung.
Show it:
Fig. 1
an embodiment of an inductor in a perspective view;
Fig. 2
a plan view of the inductor according to FIG Figure 1 ;
Fig. 3
an inductor assembly.

Die Figur 1 zeigt einen Induktor 1 mit einem Hauptwindungsteil 2 und zwei Gegenwindungsabschnitten 3, 4. Der Hauptwindungsteil 2 weist Hauptwindungen 5 mit einem ersten Drehsinn auf. Die Gegenwindungsabschnitte 3, 4 weisen den entgegengesetzten Drehsinn auf. Die Gegenwindungsabschnitte 3, 4 befinden sich an den gegenüberliegenden Enden des Hauptwindungsteils 2. Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel weisen die Hauptwindungen 5 des Hauptwindungsteils 2 und die Gegenwindungsabschnitte 3, 4 denselben Durchmesser auf. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, dass die Gegenwindungsabschnitte 3, 4 einen größeren Durchmesser aufweisen als die Hauptwindung 5 des Hauptwindungsteils 2. Dabei sollen aber der Hauptwindungsteil 2 und die Gegenwindungsabschnitte 3, 4 eine im Wesentlichen zylindrische Form aufweisen. Der Induktor 1 weist eine Länge I auf, die den Hauptwindungsteil 2 und die Gegenwindungsabschnitte 3, 4 umfasst.The Figure 1 shows an inductor 1 with a main winding part 2 and two opposing winding sections 3, 4. The main winding part 2 has main windings 5 with a first direction of rotation. The counterwinding sections 3, 4 have the opposite direction of rotation. The counter-turn sections 3, 4 are located at the opposite ends of the main turn part 2. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the main turns 5 of the main turn part 2 and the counter-turn sections 3, 4 have the same diameter. However, it is also conceivable that the opposing turn sections 3, 4 have a have a larger diameter than the main winding 5 of the main winding part 2. However, the main winding part 2 and the opposing winding sections 3, 4 should have a substantially cylindrical shape. The inductor 1 has a length I which comprises the main winding part 2 and the opposing winding sections 3, 4.

Die Gegenwindungsabschnitte 3, 4 weisen im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel eine nahezu vollständige Windung auf. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, dass die Gegenwindungsabschnitte 3, 4 nur einen Teil einer Windung aufweisen.The opposing turn sections 3, 4 have an almost complete turn in the exemplary embodiment shown. However, it is also conceivable that the opposing turn sections 3, 4 have only part of a turn.

Die Gegenwindungsabschnitte 3, 4 sind in einer elektrischen Reihenschaltung mit dem Hauptwindungsteil 2 verbunden. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Gegenwindungsabschnitte 3, 4 mit dem Hauptwindungsteil 5 durch Induktorabschnitte 6, 7 verbunden sind, die eine Umlenkung um 180° bewirken.The opposing winding sections 3, 4 are connected to the main winding part 2 in an electrical series circuit. This is achieved in that the opposing turn sections 3, 4 are connected to the main turn part 5 by inductor sections 6, 7 which cause a deflection by 180 °.

Der Gegenwindungsabschnitt 4 ist mit einem Zuleiter 8 und der Gegenwindungsabschnitt 3 ist über einen Induktorabschnitt 9 mit dem Rückleiter 10 verbunden. Der Induktorabschnitt 9 verläuft im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Erstreckungsrichtung des Rückleiters 10 und außerhalb des Hauptwindungsteils 5. Der Zuleiter 8 und der Rückleiter 10 sind an Anschlüsse 11, 12 angeschlossen, die zum Anschluss an eine Anregungseinheit aber auch zum Anschluss an einen Kühlmittelkreislauf dienen.The counterwinding section 4 is connected to a supply conductor 8 and the counterwinding section 3 is connected to the return conductor 10 via an inductor section 9. The inductor section 9 runs essentially perpendicular to the direction of extension of the return conductor 10 and outside of the main winding part 5. The supply conductor 8 and the return conductor 10 are connected to connections 11, 12, which are used for connection to an excitation unit but also for connection to a coolant circuit.

Insbesondere aus der Figur 2, die eine Draufsicht auf die Figur 1 zeigt, ist zu erkennen, dass der Zuleiter 8 und der Rückleiter 10 nahe beieinander angeordnet sind und zu einem wesentlichen Teil parallel zueinander verlaufen. Außerdem ist zu erkennen, dass die Gegenwindungsabschnitte 3, 4 und der Hauptwindungsteil 2 konzentrisch zueinander angeordnet sind. In einem Innenraum 13 kann ein zu erwärmender Körper oder ein Schmelztiegel angeordnet werden.In particular from the Figure 2 having a top view of the Figure 1 shows, it can be seen that the supply line 8 and the return line 10 are arranged close to one another and run parallel to one another to a substantial extent. It can also be seen that the opposing turn sections 3, 4 and the main turn part 2 are arranged concentrically to one another are. A body to be heated or a crucible can be arranged in an interior 13.

Zwischen dem Zuleiter 8 und dem Rückleiter 10 kann ein Isolator 14 angeordnet sein. Außerdem ist den Figuren 1 und 2 zu entnehmen, dass der Hauptwindungsteil 2 gemeinsam mit den Gegenwicklungsabschnitten 3, 4 im Wesentlichen zylindrisch ausgestaltet ist. Der Hauptwindungsteil 2 weist mehr Windungen auf als die Gegenwindungsabschnitte 3, 4. Sowohl der Induktorabschnitt 9 als auch der Induktorabschnitt 15, über den der Zuleiter 8 mit dem Gegenwindungsabschnitt 4 verbunden ist, verlaufen parallel zur Längsachse des Hauptwindungsteils 2.An insulator 14 can be arranged between the supply line 8 and the return line 10. Also is the Figures 1 and 2 it can be seen that the main winding part 2, together with the counter-winding sections 3, 4, is designed to be essentially cylindrical. The main turn part 2 has more turns than the counter turn sections 3, 4. Both the inductor section 9 and the inductor section 15, via which the lead 8 is connected to the counter turn section 4, run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the main turn section 2.

Die Figur 3 zeigt eine Induktoranordnung 100, die im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel drei Induktoren 1, 1a, 1b aufweist. Die Induktoren 1, 1a, 1b sind ausgebildet wie in der Figur 1 dargestellt. Sie könnten jedoch auch so ausgebildet sein, dass lediglich ein Gegenwindungsabschnitt an einem Ende des Hauptwindungsteils 5 vorgesehen ist. Außerdem können die Induktoren 1, 1a, 1b unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein, d.h. es kann beispielsweise ein Induktor 1 vorgesehen sein, der zwei Gegenwindungsabschnitte an gegenüberliegenden Enden des Hauptwindungsteils aufweist. Weiterhin kann ein Induktor vorgesehen sein, der lediglich an einem Ende des Hauptwindungsteils einen Gegenwindungsabschnitt aufweist und es kann beispielsweise ein dritter Induktor vorgesehen sein, der keinen Gegenwindungsabschnitt aufweist. Hier sind beliebige Variationen möglich. Zumindest einer der Induktoren sollte jedoch zumindest einen Gegenwindungsabschnitt aufweisen, um das Streufeld zu reduzieren und die Induktoren 1 nahe beieinander anordnen zu können.The Figure 3 shows an inductor arrangement 100 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, has three inductors 1, 1a, 1b. The inductors 1, 1a, 1b are designed as in FIG Figure 1 shown. However, they could also be designed in such a way that only a counter-turn section is provided at one end of the main turn part 5. In addition, the inductors 1, 1a, 1b can be designed differently, that is to say, for example, an inductor 1 can be provided which has two opposing winding sections at opposite ends of the main winding part. Furthermore, an inductor can be provided which has a counter-winding section only at one end of the main winding part, and a third inductor, for example, which does not have a counter-winding section, can be provided. Any variations are possible here. At least one of the inductors should, however, have at least one counter-winding section in order to reduce the stray field and to be able to arrange the inductors 1 close to one another.

Der Abstand d zwischen den Längsachsen der Hauptwindungsteile 2 zweier benachbarter Induktoren 1 und 1a bzw. 1a und 1b beträgt dabei vorzugsweise weniger als das Fünffache des Durchmessers D eines Hauptwindungsteils 2 eines Induktors 1, 1a, 1b oder der Länge I eines Induktors 1.The distance d between the longitudinal axes of the main winding parts 2 of two adjacent inductors 1 and 1a or 1a and 1b is preferably less than five times the diameter D of a main winding part 2 of an inductor 1, 1a, 1b or the length I of an inductor 1.

Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist zu sehen, dass die Zu- und Rückleiter 8, 10 der Induktoren 1, 1a, 1b parallel verlaufen, d.h. nicht nur der Zuleiter 8 und Rückleiter 10 eines Induktors 1 sondern auch sämtliche Zuleiter 8 und sämtliche Rückleiter 10 verlaufen parallel zueinander. Die Induktoren 1, 1a, 1b sind jeweils an eine Anregungseinheit 101, 102, 103 angeschlossen. Durch die Anregungseinheiten 101 bis 103 werden die Induktoren 1, 1a, 1b auch mit Kühlflüssigkeit versorgt. Die Anregungseinheiten 101 bis 103 arbeiten unabhängig voneinander und können einen Wechselstrom mit unterschiedlicher Anregungsfrequenz erzeugen. Dabei kann beispielsweise die Anregungseinheit 101 eine erste Anregungsfrequenz erzeugen und die Anregungseinheit 102 eine zweite Anregungsfrequenz erzeugen. Die zweite Anregungsfrequenz kann insbesondere etwa das Doppelte von der ersten Anregungsfrequenz sein. Insbesondere können die Anregungseinheiten 101 bis 103 unterschiedliche Anregungsfrequenzen erzeugen.In the embodiment shown, it can be seen that the supply and return conductors 8, 10 of the inductors 1, 1a, 1b run parallel, i.e. not only the supply line 8 and return line 10 of an inductor 1 but also all supply lines 8 and all return lines 10 run parallel to one another. The inductors 1, 1a, 1b are each connected to an excitation unit 101, 102, 103. The inductors 1, 1a, 1b are also supplied with cooling liquid by the excitation units 101 to 103. The excitation units 101 to 103 work independently of one another and can generate an alternating current with a different excitation frequency. For example, the excitation unit 101 can generate a first excitation frequency and the excitation unit 102 can generate a second excitation frequency. The second excitation frequency can in particular be approximately twice the first excitation frequency. In particular, the excitation units 101 to 103 can generate different excitation frequencies.

Die Anregungseinheiten 101 bis 103 sind alle in derselben Anschlussebene e angeordnet Die Hauptwindungsteile 2 von benachbarten Induktoren 1 und 1a sowie 1a und 1b sind mit unterschiedlichem Abstand zur Anschlussebene e angeordnet. Die weiter entfernt voneinander angeordneten Hauptwindungsteile 2 der Induktoren 1 und 1b sind in gleichem Abstand zur Anschlussebene e angeordnet.The excitation units 101 to 103 are all arranged in the same connection plane e. The main winding parts 2 of adjacent inductors 1 and 1a as well as 1a and 1b are arranged at different distances from the connection plane e. The main winding parts 2 of the inductors 1 and 1b, which are arranged further away from one another, are arranged at the same distance from the connection plane e.

Die Anregungseinheit 101 weist einen Außenkreis 104 auf, der einen Kondensator aufweist und derart ausgestaltet ist, dass der Kondensator zusammen mit dem an die Anregungseinheit 101 angeschlossenen Induktor 1 zumindest einen Teil eines Schwingkreises, insbesondere eines Parallelschwingkreises, bildet. Alle Anregungseinheiten 101 bis 103 können einen solchen Außenkreis aufweisen.The excitation unit 101 has an outer circuit 104 which has a capacitor and is configured such that the capacitor together with the inductor 1 connected to the excitation unit 101 has at least part of an oscillating circuit, in particular one Parallel resonant circuit, forms. All excitation units 101 to 103 can have such an outer circle.

Angedeutet ist in der Figur 3, dass innerhalb der Induktoren 1, 1a, 1b Tiegel 110 bis 112 zum Aufschmelzen von Metall angeordnet sind.Is indicated in the Figure 3 that crucibles 110 to 112 for melting metal are arranged within the inductors 1, 1a, 1b.

Claims (15)

  1. An inductor (1, 1a, 1b) for induction heating having a feed line (8) and a return line (10) and a main winding part (2) which has at least one main winding (5) having a first winding sense, wherein a counter-winding portion (3) having a winding sense opposite to the first winding sense is contiguous to one of the two ends of the main winding part (2) and the main winding part (2) has more windings than the at least one counter-winding portion (3), and wherein the at least one counter-winding portion (3, 4) and the main winding part (2) are arranged concentrically to one another and together have a cylindrical shape, and the main winding part (2) is directly connected to the at least one counter-winding (3) through a series circuit, characterised in that a second counter-winding portion (4) is provided at the other of the two ends of the main winding part (2) and the second counter-winding portion (4) and the main winding part (2) are also arranged concentrically to one another and together have a cylindrical shape, and the main winding part (2) is likewise directly connected to the second counter-winding portion (4) through a series circuit.
  2. The inductor according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one counter-winding portion (3, 4) has one or a plurality of partial or complete windings.
  3. The inductor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the main winding part (2), in particular the main winding part (2) together with at least one counter-winding portion (3, 4), is designed to be helical.
  4. The inductor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one counter-winding portion (3, 4) has at least the same or a larger diameter than the main winding part (2).
  5. The inductor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the main winding part (2) is connected to the counter-winding portions (3, 4) by inductor sections (6, 7) which cause a deflection by 180°.
  6. The inductor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that one counter-winding portion (4) is connected to a feed line (8) and the other counter-winding portion (3) is connected to the return line (10) via an inductor section (9), wherein in particular the inductor section (9) extends substantially perpendicularly to the direction of extension of the return line (10) and outside the main winding part (5).
  7. An inductor arrangement (100) having at least two inductors (1, 1a, 1b) for induction heating, each having a feed line (8) and a return line (10) and a main winding part (2) which has at least one main winding (5) having a first winding sense, in which at least one end is contiguous with a counter-winding portion (3, 4) having a winding sense opposite to the first winding sense, wherein at least one inductor (1) is designed according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and the inductors (1) are each connected to an excitation unit (101 - 103) and the axes thereof are preferably at a distance (d) from one another of less than five times the diameter (D) of a main winding part (2) or the length of an inductor (1), whichever is greater.
  8. The inductor arrangement according to claim 7, characterised in that the connections (11, 12) of at least two inductors (1, 1a, 1b) are arranged in a connection plane (e).
  9. The inductor arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims 7 to 8, characterised in that the main winding parts (2) of at least two inductors (1, 1a, 1b) are arranged at the same distance from the connection plane (e).
  10. The inductor arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the main winding parts (2) of at least two inductors (1, 1a, 1b) are arranged at different distances from the connection plane (e).
  11. The inductor arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims 7 to 10, characterised in that at least one excitation unit (101 - 103) has an outer circuit (104) which has at least one capacitor and is designed such that the capacitor together with the inductor (1) connected to the excitation unit (101 - 103) forms at least part of a resonant circuit, in particular a parallel resonant circuit.
  12. The inductor arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims 7 through 11, characterised in that the excitation units (101 - 103) which are assigned to adjacent inductors (1, 1a, 1b) are designed such that the adjacent inductors (1, 1a, 1b) operate at different frequencies.
  13. The inductor arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims 7 to 12, characterised in that the excitation unit (101 - 103) is designed to operate at an excitation frequency which corresponds to the resonance frequency of the resonant circuit.
  14. A method for inductive heating of a plurality of objects having a plurality of inductors (1, 1a, 1b) each connected to a separate excitation unit (101 - 103) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a first excitation unit (101 - 103) is operated at a first frequency and a second excitation unit (101 - 103) is operated at a second frequency that deviates from the first frequency.
  15. The method of claim 14, wherein two adjacent inductors are operated at different frequencies.
EP16753290.2A 2015-07-31 2016-08-01 Inductor and inductor arrangement Active EP3329739B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015214666.9A DE102015214666A1 (en) 2015-07-31 2015-07-31 Inductor and inductor arrangement
PCT/EP2016/068336 WO2017021373A2 (en) 2015-07-31 2016-08-01 Inductor and inductor system

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EP3329739A2 EP3329739A2 (en) 2018-06-06
EP3329739B1 true EP3329739B1 (en) 2020-09-30

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CN (1) CN107852783B (en)
DE (1) DE102015214666A1 (en)
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DE102017005532A1 (en) * 2017-06-10 2018-12-13 copperING GmbH Method and device for inductive heating of a stator or armature of an electric machine
DE202018103385U1 (en) * 2018-03-06 2019-03-07 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. induction heating
DE102021113354A1 (en) 2021-05-21 2022-11-24 TRUMPF Hüttinger GmbH + Co. KG Inductor assembly, induction heating assembly and method of induction heating

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WO2017021373A2 (en) 2017-02-09
EP3329739A2 (en) 2018-06-06
JP2018527703A (en) 2018-09-20
CN107852783A (en) 2018-03-27
WO2017021373A8 (en) 2017-05-26
WO2017021373A3 (en) 2017-04-06
DE102015214666A1 (en) 2017-02-02
JP6655165B2 (en) 2020-02-26
CN107852783B (en) 2021-06-01

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