EP3325909A1 - Fin heat exchanger comprising improved louvres - Google Patents

Fin heat exchanger comprising improved louvres

Info

Publication number
EP3325909A1
EP3325909A1 EP16734698.0A EP16734698A EP3325909A1 EP 3325909 A1 EP3325909 A1 EP 3325909A1 EP 16734698 A EP16734698 A EP 16734698A EP 3325909 A1 EP3325909 A1 EP 3325909A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fin
louvers
tubes
row
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16734698.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3325909B1 (en
Inventor
Erwan ETIENNE
Patrick Boisselle
Samuel BRY
Nicolas FRANCOIS
Christophe LENORMAND
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS filed Critical Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Publication of EP3325909A1 publication Critical patent/EP3325909A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3325909B1 publication Critical patent/EP3325909B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F28F1/325Fins with openings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2240/00Spacing means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/12Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements
    • F28F2275/125Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements by bringing elements together and expanding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more particularly to a mechanical type heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchanger generally comprises tubes, in which a heat transfer fluid is intended to circulate, and heat exchange elements connected to these tubes.
  • Brazed and mechanical type heat exchangers are usually distinguished by their manufacturing process.
  • the heat exchange elements In a mechanical type heat exchanger, the heat exchange elements, referred to in this case as "fins", are connected to the tubes in the following manner. First, the holes are formed in the fins passage tubes. These passage holes are generally delimited each by a fallen edge forming a neck. Then, the fins are arranged substantially parallel to each other and each tube is threaded into a series of aligned holes of the fins. Finally, it causes a radial expansion of the tubes by passing an expansion tool inside these tubes so as to mechanically bind the tubes and fins by crimping, the necks defining the passage holes of the tubes then forming tight collars around the tubes.
  • the vanes which have a generally flat rectangular shape, are usually fitted with rows of louvers forming a deflector, interposed between the tubes of the same row. of tubes.
  • the convective exchange coefficient is increased.
  • the ratio between the number of louvers and the width of each fin is most often chosen according to the possibilities offered by the tools for manufacturing the fins and not the performance of the heat exchanger.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a heat exchanger whose heat exchange performance is improved.
  • the subject of the invention is a heat exchanger comprising:
  • At least one fin disposed transversely to said row of tubes, the tubes being connected to the fin by clamping the tubes in a collar formed in the fin;
  • the fin having a generally flat rectangular shape, the ratio between the number of louvers and the width of the fin is between 0.73 and It has surprisingly been found that a ratio between the number of louvers and the width of the fin chosen in this precise range makes it possible to significantly increase the heat exchange performance, while limiting the losses of charge.
  • the ratio between the number of louvers and the width of the fin is between 0.87 and 1, preferably being 0.93.
  • the ratio of 0.93 appears as a good compromise between the power of heat exchange and pressure drop.
  • each first fin comprises an oblong hole for the passage of a tube and at least one spacing spacer with the second fin, the length of each row of louvers of each fin being equal to the length of the oblong hole, and each row of louvers of each fin comprising a so-called narrow end extending between the oblong hole and the spacing spacer, the number of louvers the narrow end being an integer.
  • the exchanger comprising first and second superimposed fins, each first fin comprising an oblong hole for the passage of a tube and at least one spacing spacer with the second fin, each row of louvers of each fin having a so-called narrow end extending between the oblong hole and the spacing spacer and a so-called wide end, the narrow ends of two rows of consecutive louvers are respectively arranged near opposite edges of the 'fin.
  • At least one spacer comprises two flat tabs parallel to each other.
  • an angle between an orientation vector and a reference vector is between -10 degrees and 20 degrees, the orientation vector being a vector whose direction is a direction substantially parallel to a tongue and substantially parallel to the fin and having a direction from the narrow end to the wide end, and a reference vector being a vector having a direction transverse direction of the fin and for direction the direction from the narrow end to the wide end, the angle becoming negative when the air flow, which is oriented in the same direction as the vector reference, tends to deviate from the row of louvers, and becoming positive in the opposite case.
  • the angle between the reference and orientation vectors thus defined is generally less than -15 degrees, which corresponds to a configuration in which the air flow redirected by a spacer is directed towards the nearest tube.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a fin and tubes of a heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1 is a top view of the fin of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of a row of louvers of the heat exchanger of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 showing a row of louvers of a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an exchanger according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 There is shown in Figure 5 a heat exchanger 1 of the mechanical type for equipping a motor vehicle.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a row of tubes 2 (shown truncated for the sake of clarity), in which a heat transfer fluid is intended to circulate, and fins 4 superimposed (only one has been shown for reasons of clarity) connected to these tubes 2.
  • the tubes 2 are connected to the fins 4 by clamping the tubes in collars 6 formed in the fins 4.
  • the fins 4 are provided with holes 8 for passage of the tubes. These passage holes 8 have a generally oblong shape. In the following, we will call them oblong holes 8.
  • the tubes 2 each have a generally elongate shape and have a substantially oblong section.
  • the tubes 2 are arranged substantially parallel to each other, so as to form a single row.
  • the fins 4 have a generally rectangular shape, substantially flat, and are arranged in the heat exchanger 1 substantially parallel to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal directions of the tubes 2.
  • the exchanger 1 is provided to be traversed by an upstream stream of air downstream, the fins 4 being intended to extend through this flow.
  • Arrows F represent the flow direction of flow.
  • the exchanger 1 also comprises rows of louvers 12, formed in each fin 4 and each interposed between two tubes 2.
  • the ratio between the number of louvers 12 and the width of the fin 4 is between 0.73 and 1.13.
  • the ratio is expressed in louver per mm.
  • this ratio is between 0.87 and 1, and is for example equal to 0.93. This last choice constitutes a good compromise between performance of the heat exchanger 1 and pressure drops.
  • the heat exchanger 1 also comprises spacers 13 spacing between two fins 4 superimposed.
  • the spacers 13 comprise two tabs 14 plane parallel to each other.
  • the spacers 13 are for example from a puncture of the fin 4.
  • the tabs 14 each have a general shape of a half-disk.
  • the length of the row 10 of louvers is equal to the length of the oblong holes 8 through which the tubes 2 pass.
  • Each row 10 of louvers of the fin 4 comprises a narrow end 16 extending between the oblong hole 8 and the spacing spacer 13.
  • louvers 18 of the narrow end 16 are shorter than all other louvers 12 in row 10.
  • the number of narrow end louvers 18 extending between the hole 8 and the spacers 14 is an integer.
  • each row 10 of louvers 10 of the fin 4 comprises a so-called wide end, in which the louvers 22 are longer than those of the narrow end 16.
  • the fin 4 is provided with a single spacer 13 between two consecutive tubes 2 of the row of tubes 2, and not two between two consecutive tubes 2 as in the prior art.
  • the narrow ends 16 of two rows 10 of consecutive louvers are more particularly arranged respectively close to opposite edges 24 of the fin 4, as can be seen in Figures 1 and 2.
  • an orientation vector O is defined as being a vector whose direction is a direction substantially parallel to a tongue 14 and the fin 4 and having as meaning the direction from the narrow end 16 towards the wide end 17.
  • a reference vector R is also defined as a vector having direction for the transverse direction of the fin 4 and for direction the direction going from the narrow end 16 towards the wide end 17.
  • the angle ⁇ between the orientation vector O and the reference vector R is between -10 degrees and 20 degrees.
  • this angle a is zero.
  • the tabs 14 of the spacers 13 are substantially parallel to the transverse direction of the fin 4.
  • the angle ⁇ between vectors of orientation O and reference R is, according to the convention defined above, equal to 15 degrees. This last configuration gives good results as regards the performance of the heat exchanger 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger comprising: - at least one row of tubes (2), - at least one fin (4) disposed transverse to said row of tubes (2); the tubes being connected to the fin (4) by clamping the tubes (2) in a collar (6) arranged in the fin (4); and - at least one row (10) of louvres (12), arranged in the fin (4) and inserted between two tubes (2) of the row of tubes. The fin (4) being of general flat rectangular shape, the ratio of the number of louvres (12) to the width of the fin (4) is between 0.73 and 1.13.

Description

Echanqeur de chaleur à ailettes comprenant des Persiennes améliorées  Finned heat exchanger including improved louvers
La présente invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur, et plus particulièrement un échangeur de chaleur de type mécanique. The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more particularly to a mechanical type heat exchanger.
Un échangeur de chaleur comprend généralement des tubes, dans lesquels un fluide caloporteur est destiné à circuler, et des éléments d'échange de chaleur reliés à ces tubes.  A heat exchanger generally comprises tubes, in which a heat transfer fluid is intended to circulate, and heat exchange elements connected to these tubes.
On distingue habituellement des échangeurs de chaleur de type brasé et de type mécanique selon leur procédé de fabrication.  Brazed and mechanical type heat exchangers are usually distinguished by their manufacturing process.
Dans un échangeur de chaleur de type mécanique, les éléments d'échange de chaleur, appelés dans ce cas « ailettes », sont reliés aux tubes de la façon suivante. Tout d'abord, on forme dans les ailettes des trous de passage des tubes. Ces trous de passage sont généralement délimités chacun par un bord tombé formant un col. Puis, on dispose les ailettes sensiblement parallèlement entre elles et on enfile chaque tube dans une série de trous alignés des ailettes. Enfin, on provoque une expansion radiale des tubes en passant un outil d'expansion à l'intérieur de ces tubes de façon à lier mécaniquement les tubes et les ailettes par sertissage, les cols délimitant les trous de passage des tubes formant alors des collets serrés autour les tubes.  In a mechanical type heat exchanger, the heat exchange elements, referred to in this case as "fins", are connected to the tubes in the following manner. First, the holes are formed in the fins passage tubes. These passage holes are generally delimited each by a fallen edge forming a neck. Then, the fins are arranged substantially parallel to each other and each tube is threaded into a series of aligned holes of the fins. Finally, it causes a radial expansion of the tubes by passing an expansion tool inside these tubes so as to mechanically bind the tubes and fins by crimping, the necks defining the passage holes of the tubes then forming tight collars around the tubes.
Afin d'augmenter l'échange de chaleur entre les ailettes et le flux d'air, on ménage habituellement sur les ailettes, qui ont une forme générale plane rectangulaire, des rangées de persiennes formant déflecteur, intercalées entre les tubes d'une même rangée de tubes. Ainsi, le coefficient d'échange convectif est augmenté.  In order to increase the heat exchange between the fins and the flow of air, the vanes, which have a generally flat rectangular shape, are usually fitted with rows of louvers forming a deflector, interposed between the tubes of the same row. of tubes. Thus, the convective exchange coefficient is increased.
Dans l'art antérieur, le rapport entre le nombre de persiennes et la largeur de chaque ailette est le plus souvent choisi en fonction des possibilités offertes par les outils de fabrication des ailettes et non des performances de l'échangeur de chaleur.  In the prior art, the ratio between the number of louvers and the width of each fin is most often chosen according to the possibilities offered by the tools for manufacturing the fins and not the performance of the heat exchanger.
L'invention a pour but de proposer un échangeur de chaleur dont les performances d'échange de chaleur sont améliorées.  The object of the invention is to propose a heat exchanger whose heat exchange performance is improved.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un échangeur de chaleur comprenant :  For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a heat exchanger comprising:
- au moins une rangée de tubes,  at least one row of tubes,
- au moins une ailette disposée transversalement à ladite rangée de tubes, les tubes étant reliés à l'ailette par serrage des tubes dans un collet ménagé dans l'ailette ; et  at least one fin disposed transversely to said row of tubes, the tubes being connected to the fin by clamping the tubes in a collar formed in the fin; and
- au moins une rangée de persiennes, ménagée dans l'ailette et intercalée entre deux tubes de la rangée de tubes,  - at least one row of louvers, formed in the fin and inserted between two tubes of the row of tubes,
caractérisé en ce que, l'ailette étant de forme générale plane rectangulaire, le rapport entre le nombre de persiennes et la largeur de l'ailette est compris entre 0.73 et On a constaté, de façon surprenante, qu'un rapport entre le nombre de persiennes et la largeur de l'ailette choisi dans cet intervalle précis permet d'augmenter de façon significative les performances d'échange de chaleur, tout en limitant les pertes de charge. characterized in that, the fin having a generally flat rectangular shape, the ratio between the number of louvers and the width of the fin is between 0.73 and It has surprisingly been found that a ratio between the number of louvers and the width of the fin chosen in this precise range makes it possible to significantly increase the heat exchange performance, while limiting the losses of charge.
En effet, en-deçà de 0,73, on a observé que la puissance d'échange de chaleur n'est pas satisfaisante. En revanche, au-delà de 1 , 13, le gain de performance n'est pas intéressant compte tenu de l'augmentation des pertes de charge.  In fact, below 0.73, it has been observed that the heat exchange power is not satisfactory. However, beyond 1, 13, the performance gain is not interesting given the increase in pressure losses.
De préférence, le rapport entre le nombre de persiennes et la largeur de l'ailette est compris entre 0,87 et 1 , en étant de préférence 0,93.  Preferably, the ratio between the number of louvers and the width of the fin is between 0.87 and 1, preferably being 0.93.
Le rapport de 0,93 apparaît comme un bon compromis entre puissance de l'échange de chaleur et perte de charge.  The ratio of 0.93 appears as a good compromise between the power of heat exchange and pressure drop.
Selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention, l'échangeur comprenant des première et deuxième ailettes superposées, chaque première ailette comprend un trou oblong pour le passage d'un tube et au moins une entretoise d'espacement avec la deuxième ailette, la longueur de chaque rangée de persiennes de chaque ailette étant égale à la longueur du trou oblong, et chaque rangée de persiennes de chaque ailette comprenant une extrémité dite étroite s'étendant entre le trou oblong et l'entretoise d'espacement, le nombre de persiennes de l'extrémité étroite étant un entier.  According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the exchanger comprising first and second superimposed fins, each first fin comprises an oblong hole for the passage of a tube and at least one spacing spacer with the second fin, the length of each row of louvers of each fin being equal to the length of the oblong hole, and each row of louvers of each fin comprising a so-called narrow end extending between the oblong hole and the spacing spacer, the number of louvers the narrow end being an integer.
Ceci permet d'améliorer les performances d'échange de chaleur en insérant le plus de persiennes possible dans l'espace entre les entretoises et le tube.  This improves the heat exchange performance by inserting as many louvers as possible in the space between the spacers and the tube.
Selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention, l'échangeur comprenant des première et deuxième ailettes superposées, chaque première ailette comprenant un trou oblong pour le passage d'un tube et au moins une entretoise d'espacement avec la deuxième ailette, chaque rangée de persiennes de chaque ailette comprenant une extrémité dite étroite s'étendant entre le trou oblong et l'entretoise d'espacement et une extrémité dite large, les extrémités étroites de deux rangées de persiennes consécutives sont agencées respectivement à proximité de bords opposés de l'ailette.  According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the exchanger comprising first and second superimposed fins, each first fin comprising an oblong hole for the passage of a tube and at least one spacing spacer with the second fin, each row of louvers of each fin having a so-called narrow end extending between the oblong hole and the spacing spacer and a so-called wide end, the narrow ends of two rows of consecutive louvers are respectively arranged near opposite edges of the 'fin.
Ceci permet de consacrer une partie plus importante de la surface de l'ailette aux persiennes, ce qui permet d'augmenter encore davantage l'échange thermique entre le flux d'air et l'ailette.  This allows to devote a larger portion of the fin surface to the louvers, which allows to further increase the heat exchange between the air flow and the fin.
Selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention, au moins une entretoise comprend deux languettes planes parallèles entre elles.  According to a particular embodiment of the invention, at least one spacer comprises two flat tabs parallel to each other.
Selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention, un angle entre un vecteur d'orientation et un vecteur de référence est compris entre -10 degrés et 20 degrés, le vecteur d'orientation étant un vecteur ayant pour direction une direction sensiblement parallèle à une languette et sensiblement parallèle à l'ailette et ayant pour sens le sens allant de l'extrémité étroite vers l'extrémité large, et un vecteur de référence étant un vecteur ayant pour direction une direction transversale de l'ailette et pour sens le sens allant de l'extrémité étroite vers l'extrémité large, l'angle devenant négatif lorsque le flux d'air, qui est orienté dans le même sens que le vecteur de référence, a tendance à s'écarter de la rangée de persiennes, et devenant positif dans le cas contraire. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, an angle between an orientation vector and a reference vector is between -10 degrees and 20 degrees, the orientation vector being a vector whose direction is a direction substantially parallel to a tongue and substantially parallel to the fin and having a direction from the narrow end to the wide end, and a reference vector being a vector having a direction transverse direction of the fin and for direction the direction from the narrow end to the wide end, the angle becoming negative when the air flow, which is oriented in the same direction as the vector reference, tends to deviate from the row of louvers, and becoming positive in the opposite case.
Dans l'art antérieur, l'angle entre les vecteurs de référence et d'orientation ainsi définis est en général inférieur à -15 degrés, ce qui correspond à une configuration dans laquelle le flux d'air redirigé par une entretoise est dirigé vers le tube le plus proche.  In the prior art, the angle between the reference and orientation vectors thus defined is generally less than -15 degrees, which corresponds to a configuration in which the air flow redirected by a spacer is directed towards the nearest tube.
Or, on a constaté qu'orienter chaque entretoise davantage vers la rangée de persiennes, et non vers le tube le plus proche, permet d'augmenter encore davantage l'échange thermique entre le flux d'air et l'ailette.  However, it has been found that orienting each spacer more towards the row of louvers, and not towards the nearest tube, makes it possible to further increase the heat exchange between the air flow and the fin.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins dans lesquels :  The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the drawings in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une partie d'une ailette et de tubes d'un échangeur de chaleur selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention; - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a fin and tubes of a heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 2 est une vue de dessus de l'ailette de la figure 1 ; - Figure 2 is a top view of the fin of Figure 1;
- la figure 3 est une vue de dessus d'une rangée de persiennes de l'échangeur de chaleur de la figure 1 ;  - Figure 3 is a top view of a row of louvers of the heat exchanger of Figure 1;
- la figure 4 est une vue similaire à la figure 3 montrant une rangée de persiennes d'un échangeur de chaleur selon un deuxième mode de réalisation ;  - Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 showing a row of louvers of a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment;
- la figure 5 est une vue schématique d'un échangeur selon l'invention.  - Figure 5 is a schematic view of an exchanger according to the invention.
On a représenté sur la figure 5 un échangeur de chaleur 1 de type mécanique destiné à équiper un véhicule automobile.  There is shown in Figure 5 a heat exchanger 1 of the mechanical type for equipping a motor vehicle.
L'échangeur de chaleur comprend une rangée de tubes 2 (représentés tronqués pour des raisons de clarté), dans lesquels un fluide caloporteur classique est destiné à circuler, et des ailettes 4 superposées (dont une seule a été représentée pour des raisons de clarté) reliées à ces tubes 2.  The heat exchanger comprises a row of tubes 2 (shown truncated for the sake of clarity), in which a heat transfer fluid is intended to circulate, and fins 4 superimposed (only one has been shown for reasons of clarity) connected to these tubes 2.
Les tubes 2 sont reliés aux ailettes 4 par serrage des tubes dans des collets 6 ménagés dans les ailettes 4. A cet effet, les ailettes 4 sont munies de trous 8 de passage des tubes. Ces trous de passage 8 ont une forme générale oblongue. Dans la suite, on les appellera trous oblongs 8.  The tubes 2 are connected to the fins 4 by clamping the tubes in collars 6 formed in the fins 4. For this purpose, the fins 4 are provided with holes 8 for passage of the tubes. These passage holes 8 have a generally oblong shape. In the following, we will call them oblong holes 8.
Dans l'exemple décrit, les tubes 2 ont chacun une forme générale allongée et comportent une section sensiblement oblongue. Les tubes 2 sont agencés sensiblement parallèlement entre eux, de façon à former une rangée unique.  In the example described, the tubes 2 each have a generally elongate shape and have a substantially oblong section. The tubes 2 are arranged substantially parallel to each other, so as to form a single row.
Les ailettes 4 ont une forme générale rectangulaire, sensiblement plane, et sont agencées dans l'échangeur de chaleur 1 de façon sensiblement parallèle entre elles et perpendiculaire aux directions longitudinales des tubes 2. The fins 4 have a generally rectangular shape, substantially flat, and are arranged in the heat exchanger 1 substantially parallel to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal directions of the tubes 2.
L'échangeur 1 est prévu pour être traversé par un flux d'air d'amont en aval, les ailettes 4 étant destinées à s'étendre à travers ce flux. On a représenté par des flèches F la direction de circulation du flux.  The exchanger 1 is provided to be traversed by an upstream stream of air downstream, the fins 4 being intended to extend through this flow. Arrows F represent the flow direction of flow.
Pour augmenter l'échange thermique entre le flux F et les ailettes 4, l'échangeur 1 comprend également des rangées 10 de persiennes 12, ménagées dans chaque ailette 4 et intercalées chacune entre deux tubes 2.  To increase the heat exchange between the flow F and the fins 4, the exchanger 1 also comprises rows of louvers 12, formed in each fin 4 and each interposed between two tubes 2.
Dans les modes de réalisation présentés aux figures 1 à 4, le rapport entre le nombre de persiennes 12 et la largeur de l'ailette 4 est compris entre 0,73 et 1 ,13. Le rapport est exprimé en persienne par mm.  In the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 4, the ratio between the number of louvers 12 and the width of the fin 4 is between 0.73 and 1.13. The ratio is expressed in louver per mm.
De préférence, ce rapport est compris entre 0,87 et 1 , et est par exemple égal à 0,93. Ce dernier choix constitue un bon compromis entre performances de l'échangeur de chaleur 1 et pertes de charge.  Preferably, this ratio is between 0.87 and 1, and is for example equal to 0.93. This last choice constitutes a good compromise between performance of the heat exchanger 1 and pressure drops.
En effet, des tests ont par exemple permis d'observer qu'avec un rapport au-delà de 1 ,13, le gain de performance par rapport à un rapport de 0,93 est de 0,4%, ce qui n'est pas intéressant par rapport à l'augmentation de pertes de charges externe qui est de 3,4%.  For example, tests have shown that with a ratio above 1, 13, the performance gain over a ratio of 0.93 is 0.4%, which is not not interesting compared to the increase in external losses which is 3.4%.
A l'inverse, d'autres tests ont permis de constater qu'avec un rapport inférieur à 0,73 on n'obtient pas une puissance d'échangeur de chaleur satisfaisante car celle-ci diminue, par rapport à un rapport de 0,93, de 3,6%.  Conversely, other tests have shown that with a ratio of less than 0.73, a satisfactory heat exchanger power is not obtained because it decreases with respect to a ratio of 0, 93, 3.6%.
A l'aide de ces tests, on a déterminé qu'un rapport particulièrement satisfaisant était de 0,93. Au-delà de 1 ,13, on gagne en puissance mais le coût en termes de pertes de charges est trop important. A l'inverse, en deçà de 0,73 le niveau de puissance est insuffisant.  Using these tests, a particularly satisfactory ratio was determined to be 0.93. Beyond 1, 13, one gains in power but the cost in terms of losses of charges is too important. Conversely, below 0.73 the power level is insufficient.
L'échangeur de chaleur 1 comprend également des entretoises 13 d'espacement entre deux ailettes 4 superposées.  The heat exchanger 1 also comprises spacers 13 spacing between two fins 4 superimposed.
Plus particulièrement, les entretoises 13 comprennent deux languettes 14 planes parallèles entre elles.  More particularly, the spacers 13 comprise two tabs 14 plane parallel to each other.
Les entretoises 13 sont par exemple issues d'un crevé de l'ailette 4.  The spacers 13 are for example from a puncture of the fin 4.
Dans l'exemple représenté sur les figures, les languettes 14 ont chacune une forme générale de demi-disque.  In the example shown in the figures, the tabs 14 each have a general shape of a half-disk.
Dans les modes de réalisation présentés aux figures 1 à 4, la longueur de la rangée 10 de persiennes est égale à la longueur des trous oblongs 8 de passage des tubes 2.  In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the length of the row 10 of louvers is equal to the length of the oblong holes 8 through which the tubes 2 pass.
Chaque rangée 10 de persiennes de l'ailette 4 comprend une extrémité 16 dite étroite s'étendant entre le trou oblong 8 et l'entretoise 13 d'espacement.  Each row 10 of louvers of the fin 4 comprises a narrow end 16 extending between the oblong hole 8 and the spacing spacer 13.
Du fait de la présence des entretoises 13, les persiennes 18 de l'extrémité étroite 16 sont moins longues que toutes les autres persiennes 12 de la rangée 10. Due to the presence of the spacers 13, the louvers 18 of the narrow end 16 are shorter than all other louvers 12 in row 10.
Pour chaque rangée 10 de persiennes, le nombre de persiennes 18 d'extrémité étroite s'étendant entre le trou 8 et les entretoises 14 est un entier.  For each row of louvers, the number of narrow end louvers 18 extending between the hole 8 and the spacers 14 is an integer.
Par exemple, comme on peut le voir à la figure 2, exactement trois persiennes 18 d'extrémité étroite s'étendent entre un trou oblong 8 et une entretoise 13.  For example, as can be seen in FIG. 2, exactly three narrow end louvers 18 extend between an oblong hole 8 and a spacer 13.
Par ailleurs, chaque rangée 10 de persiennes 10 de l'ailette 4 comprend une extrémité 20 dite large, dans laquelle dont les persiennes 22 sont plus longues que celles de l'extrémité étroite 16.  Furthermore, each row 10 of louvers 10 of the fin 4 comprises a so-called wide end, in which the louvers 22 are longer than those of the narrow end 16.
Ainsi, sur l'exemple représenté, l'ailette 4 est munie d'une seule entretoise 13 entre deux tubes 2 consécutifs de la rangée de tubes 2, et non deux entre deux tubes 2 consécutifs comme dans l'art antérieur.  Thus, in the example shown, the fin 4 is provided with a single spacer 13 between two consecutive tubes 2 of the row of tubes 2, and not two between two consecutive tubes 2 as in the prior art.
Les extrémités étroites 16 de deux rangées 10 de persiennes consécutives sont plus particulièrement agencées respectivement à proximité de bords 24 opposés de l'ailette 4, comme on peut le voir aux figures 1 et 2.  The narrow ends 16 of two rows 10 of consecutive louvers are more particularly arranged respectively close to opposite edges 24 of the fin 4, as can be seen in Figures 1 and 2.
Comme illustré sur les figures 3 et 4, on définit un vecteur d'orientation O comme étant un vecteur ayant pour direction une direction sensiblement parallèle à une languette 14 et l'ailette 4 et ayant pour sens le sens allant de l'extrémité étroite 16 vers l'extrémité large 17.  As illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, an orientation vector O is defined as being a vector whose direction is a direction substantially parallel to a tongue 14 and the fin 4 and having as meaning the direction from the narrow end 16 towards the wide end 17.
On définit également un vecteur de référence R comme un vecteur ayant pour direction la direction transversale de l'ailette 4 et pour sens le sens allant de l'extrémité étroite 16 vers l'extrémité large 17.  A reference vector R is also defined as a vector having direction for the transverse direction of the fin 4 and for direction the direction going from the narrow end 16 towards the wide end 17.
Dans tous les modes de réalisations représentés sur les figures, l'angle a entre le vecteur d'orientation O et le vecteur de référence R est compris entre -10 degrés et 20 degrés.  In all the embodiments shown in the figures, the angle α between the orientation vector O and the reference vector R is between -10 degrees and 20 degrees.
On considérera dans ce qui suit que l'angle a devient négatif lorsque le flux d'air It will be considered in the following that the angle a becomes negative when the air flow
F, qui est orienté dans le même sens que le vecteur de référence, a tendance à s'écarter de la rangée 10 de persiennes adjacente, c'est-à-dire vers le tube 2 le plus proche de l'entretoise 13 dans les exemples représentés. F, which is oriented in the same direction as the reference vector, tends to deviate from the row 10 of adjacent louvers, that is to say to the tube 2 closest to the spacer 13 in the examples shown.
En particulier, dans le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention illustré aux figures 1 à 3, cet angle a est nul. Ainsi, les languettes 14 des entretoises 13 sont sensiblement parallèles à la direction transversale de l'ailette 4.  In particular, in the first embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, this angle a is zero. Thus, the tabs 14 of the spacers 13 are substantially parallel to the transverse direction of the fin 4.
L'angle a devient au contraire positif lorsque le flux d'air F redirigé par les entretoises 13 a tendance à se diriger davantage vers la rangée 10 de persiennes adjacente, comme c'est le cas sur la figure 4 qui illustre un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.  On the contrary, the angle a becomes positive when the air flow F redirected by the spacers 13 tends to move more towards the row 10 of adjacent louvers, as is the case in FIG. 4 which illustrates a second embodiment of embodiment of the invention.
Dans ce deuxième mode de réalisation, l'angle a entre vecteurs d'orientation O et de référence R, est, selon la convention définie ci-dessus, égal à 15 degrés. Cette dernière configuration donne de bons résultats quant aux performances de l'échangeur de chaleur 1 . In this second embodiment, the angle α between vectors of orientation O and reference R is, according to the convention defined above, equal to 15 degrees. This last configuration gives good results as regards the performance of the heat exchanger 1.
L'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation présentés et d'autres modes de réalisation apparaîtront clairement à l'homme du métier.  The invention is not limited to the embodiments presented and other embodiments will become apparent to those skilled in the art.
En particulier, une combinaison des différents modes de réalisation peut également être envisagée pour obtenir les effets recherchés.  In particular, a combination of the different embodiments can also be envisaged to obtain the desired effects.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Echangeur de chaleur comprenant : 1. Heat exchanger comprising:
- au moins une rangée de tubes (2),  at least one row of tubes (2),
- au moins une ailette (4) disposée transversalement à ladite rangée de tubes (2), les tubes étant reliés à l'ailette (4) par serrage des tubes (2) dans un collet (6) ménagé dans l'ailette (4) ; et  - At least one fin (4) disposed transversely to said row of tubes (2), the tubes being connected to the fin (4) by clamping the tubes (2) in a collar (6) formed in the fin (4). ); and
- au moins une rangée (10) de persiennes (12), ménagée dans l'ailette (4) et intercalée entre deux tubes (2) de la rangée de tubes,  - at least one row (10) of louvers (12), formed in the fin (4) and interposed between two tubes (2) of the row of tubes,
caractérisé en ce que, l'ailette (4) étant de forme générale plane rectangulaire, le rapport entre le nombre de persiennes (12) et la largeur de l'ailette (4) est compris entre 0,73 et 1 ,13.  characterized in that, the fin (4) being of generally flat rectangular shape, the ratio between the number of louvers (12) and the width of the fin (4) is between 0.73 and 1, 13.
2. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel le rapport entre le nombre de persiennes (12) et la largeur de l'ailette (4) est compris entre 0,87 et 1 , en étant de préférence égal à 0,93. 2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the ratio between the number of louvers (12) and the width of the fin (4) is between 0.87 and 1, preferably being equal to 0.93. .
3. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, comprenant des première et deuxième ailettes (4) superposées, chaque première ailette (4) comprenant un trou oblong (8) pour le passage d'un tube (2) et au moins une entretoise (13) d'espacement avec la deuxième ailette (4), 3. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, comprising first and second fins (4) superimposed, each first fin (4) comprising an oblong hole (8) for the passage of a tube (2) and at least one spacer (13) spacing with the second fin (4),
dans lequel la longueur de chaque rangée de persiennes (12) de chaque ailette wherein the length of each row of louvers (12) of each fin
(4) est égale à la longueur du trou oblong (8), et chaque rangée (10) de persiennes de chaque ailette (4) comprend une extrémité (16) dite étroite s'étendant entre le trou oblong (8) et l'entretoise (13) d'espacement, le nombre de persiennes (12) de l'extrémité étroite (16) étant un entier. (4) is equal to the length of the oblong hole (8), and each row (10) of louvers of each fin (4) comprises a so-called narrow end (16) extending between the oblong hole (8) and the spacer (13) spacing, the number of louvers (12) of the narrow end (16) being an integer.
4. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant des première et deuxième ailettes (4) superposées, chaque première ailette (4) comprenant un trou oblong (8) pour le passage d'un tube (2) et au moins une entretoise (13) d'espacement avec la deuxième ailette (4), 4. Heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising first and second fins (4) superimposed, each first fin (4) comprising an oblong hole (8) for the passage of a tube (2) and to at least one spacing spacer (13) with the second fin (4),
dans lequel chaque rangée (10) de persiennes de chaque ailette (4) comprend une extrémité (16) dite étroite s'étendant entre le trou oblong (8) et l'entretoise (13) d'espacement et une extrémité (17) dite large,  wherein each row (10) of louvers of each fin (4) comprises a so-called narrow end (16) extending between the oblong hole (8) and the spacing spacer (13) and a so-called end (17) large,
les extrémités étroites (16) de deux rangées (10) de persiennes consécutives étant agencées respectivement à proximité de bords (15) opposés de l'ailette (4).  the narrow ends (16) of two rows (10) of consecutive louvers being respectively arranged near opposite edges (15) of the fin (4).
5. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 3 ou 4, dans lequel au moins une entretoise (13) comprend deux languettes (14) planes parallèles entre elles. 5. Heat exchanger according to claim 3 or 4, wherein at least one spacer (13) comprises two tabs (14) plane parallel to each other.
6. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 5, dans lequel un angle (a) entre un vecteur d'orientation (O) et un vecteur de référence (R) est compris entre -10 degrés et 20 degrés, The heat exchanger according to claim 5, wherein an angle (a) between an orientation vector (O) and a reference vector (R) is between -10 degrees and 20 degrees,
le vecteur d'orientation (O) étant un vecteur ayant pour direction une direction sensiblement parallèle à une languette (14) et sensiblement parallèle à l'ailette (4) et ayant pour sens le sens allant de l'extrémité étroite (16) vers l'extrémité large (17), et le vecteur de référence (R) étant un vecteur ayant pour direction une direction transversale de l'ailette (4) et pour sens le sens allant de l'extrémité étroite (16) vers l'extrémité large (17),  the orientation vector (O) being a vector having for direction a direction substantially parallel to a tongue (14) and substantially parallel to the fin (4) and having the direction from the narrow end (16) to the the wide end (17), and the reference vector (R) being a vector having a direction transverse direction of the fin (4) and for direction the direction from the narrow end (16) to the end wide (17),
l'angle (a) devenant négatif lorsque le flux d'air (F), qui est orienté dans le même sens que le vecteur de référence (R), a tendance à s'écarter de la rangée (10) de persiennes, et devenant positif dans le cas contraire.  the angle (a) becoming negative when the airflow (F), which is oriented in the same direction as the reference vector (R), tends to deviate from the row (10) of louvers, and becoming positive in the opposite case.
EP16734698.0A 2015-07-17 2016-07-06 Fin heat exchanger comprising improved louvres Active EP3325909B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1556760A FR3038977B1 (en) 2015-07-17 2015-07-17 HEAT EXCHANGER WITH FINS COMPRISING IMPROVED PERSIANS
PCT/EP2016/065918 WO2017012867A1 (en) 2015-07-17 2016-07-06 Fin heat exchanger comprising improved louvres

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EP3325909A1 true EP3325909A1 (en) 2018-05-30
EP3325909B1 EP3325909B1 (en) 2019-10-16

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EP (1) EP3325909B1 (en)
CN (1) CN108369076A (en)
BR (1) BR112018000878A2 (en)
FR (1) FR3038977B1 (en)
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MX2018000660A (en) 2018-09-06
US10914530B2 (en) 2021-02-09
BR112018000878A2 (en) 2018-09-11
US20180266772A1 (en) 2018-09-20
FR3038977A1 (en) 2017-01-20
FR3038977B1 (en) 2019-08-30
CN108369076A (en) 2018-08-03
EP3325909B1 (en) 2019-10-16

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