EP3325910B1 - Fin heat exchanger comprising improved louvres - Google Patents

Fin heat exchanger comprising improved louvres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3325910B1
EP3325910B1 EP16736111.2A EP16736111A EP3325910B1 EP 3325910 B1 EP3325910 B1 EP 3325910B1 EP 16736111 A EP16736111 A EP 16736111A EP 3325910 B1 EP3325910 B1 EP 3325910B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
row
edge
fin
louvers
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EP16736111.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3325910A1 (en
Inventor
Erwan ETIENNE
Patrick Boisselle
Samuel BRY
Nicolas FRANCOIS
Christophe LENORMAND
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F28F1/325—Fins with openings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a motor vehicle comprising a heat exchanger as defined in claim 1.
  • a heat exchanger generally comprises tubes, in which a heat transfer fluid is intended to circulate, and heat exchange elements connected to these tubes.
  • brazed-type and mechanical-type heat exchangers according to their manufacturing process.
  • the heat exchange elements are connected to the tubes as follows. First of all, holes for the passage of the tubes are formed in the fins. These passage holes are generally each delimited by a flanged edge forming a neck. Then, the fins are arranged substantially parallel to each other and each tube is threaded into a series of aligned holes of the fins. Finally, a radial expansion of the tubes is caused by passing an expansion tool inside these tubes so as to mechanically link the tubes and the fins by crimping, the necks delimiting the passage holes of the tubes then forming tight collars. around the tubes.
  • Such exchangers are traversed by an air flow, the fins extending through the flow.
  • each louver comprises a blade provided with a free edge and a connecting edge connecting the louver to the fin.
  • the louvers are arranged in two groups of successive louvers in the row.
  • the free edge of the slats forms the upstream edge with respect to the air flow, the connecting edge forming the downstream edge.
  • the connecting edge of the blades of the louvers forms the upstream edge with respect to the air flow, the free edge forming the downstream edge.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the performance of the heat exchanger by choosing a configuration of the louvers which makes it possible to limit the appearance of these ineffective areas.
  • the document US 4,709,753 discloses, of course, a heat exchanger (10) comprising: - at least one row of tubes (30), - at least one fin (40) arranged transversely to said row of tubes, the tubes being connected to the fin by clamping tubes in a collar (46) formed in the fin; and- at least one row of louvers (50), formed in the fin and interposed between two tubes of the row of tubes, each louver comprising a blade provided with a free edge and a connecting edge connecting the louver to the fin, the exchanger having only one row of tubes.
  • the exchanger of this prior art document is used in the opposite way to that claimed in this application. The advantages of the arrangement according to the claim are explained below.
  • the exchanger has only one row of tubes and the connecting edges of all the blades in the row form an upstream edge with respect to the air flow, the free edge of the blades forming the downstream edge.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a row of tubes 2 (shown truncated for clarity on the figures 1 and 2 ), in which a conventional heat transfer fluid is intended to circulate, and fins 4 (only one of which has been shown for reasons of clarity) connected to these tubes 2.
  • the tubes 2 are connected to the fins 4 by clamping the tubes in collars 6 formed in the fins 4.
  • the fins 4 are provided with holes 8 for the passage of the tubes. These passage holes 8 have a generally oblong shape.
  • the tubes 2 each have a generally elongated shape and have a substantially oblong section.
  • the tubes 2 are arranged substantially parallel to each other, so as to form a single row.
  • the fins 4 have a generally rectangular, substantially planar shape, and are arranged in the heat exchanger 1 in a manner that is substantially parallel to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal directions of the tubes 2.
  • the fins 4 are intended to extend through an air flow from upstream to downstream itself passing through the exchanger.
  • the direction of flow of the flow is represented by arrows F.
  • the exchanger 1 also comprises rows 10 of louvers 12, formed in each fin 4 and each interposed between two tubes 2.
  • Each shutter 12 comprises a blade 14 comprising a free edge 16 and a connecting edge 18 connecting the shutter 12 to the fin 4.
  • the connecting edge 18 of the blade 14 of at least the first louver 12 of the row 10 forms the upstream edge with respect to the flow F, the free edge 16 of the blade 14 forming the downstream edge.
  • the connecting edges 18 of all the blades 14 of row 10 form the upstream edge relative to the air flow F, the free edge 16 of the blades 14 forming the downstream edge.
  • the free edge 16 of at least the last blade 14 of row 10 forms an upstream edge with respect to the air flow F, its connecting edge 18 forming the downstream edge.
  • row 10 comprises two groups of louvers 12 preferably comprising the same number of louvers 12, louvers 12 of the second group succeeding the louvers of the first group in row 10 of louvers.
  • row 10 is formed of fourteen louvers 12 divided into two groups of seven louvers 12, arranged on either side of a junction blade 20 connecting the free edge 16 of the last blade 14 of the first group to the free edge 16 of the first blade 14 of the second group.
  • the connecting edge 18 of each blade 14 forms an upstream edge with respect to the air flow F and the free edge 16 forms the downstream edge.
  • the free edge 16 of each blade 14 forms the upstream edge with respect to the air flow F, and the connecting edge 18 forms the downstream edge.
  • the junction blade 20 forms a bridge substantially parallel to the surface of the fin 4 between the two groups of the row 10.
  • substantially parallel is meant that the bridge is located in a plane offset with respect to the surface of the. fin.
  • the dimension of the junction blade 22 between the free edge 16 of the blade 14 of the last louver 12 of the first group and the free edge 16 of the blade 14 of the first louver 12 of the second group is less than 3 mm .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un véhicule automobile comprenant un échangeur de chaleur tel que défini en revendication 1.The present invention relates to a motor vehicle comprising a heat exchanger as defined in claim 1.

Un échangeur de chaleur comprend généralement des tubes, dans lesquels un fluide caloporteur est destiné à circuler, et des éléments d'échange de chaleur reliés à ces tubes.A heat exchanger generally comprises tubes, in which a heat transfer fluid is intended to circulate, and heat exchange elements connected to these tubes.

On distingue habituellement des échangeurs de chaleur de type brasé et de type mécanique selon leur procédé de fabrication.A distinction is usually made between brazed-type and mechanical-type heat exchangers according to their manufacturing process.

Dans un échangeur de chaleur de type mécanique, les éléments d'échange de chaleur, appelés dans ce cas « ailettes », sont reliés aux tubes de la façon suivante. Tout d'abord, on forme dans les ailettes des trous de passage des tubes. Ces trous de passage sont généralement délimités chacun par un bord tombé formant un col. Puis, on dispose les ailettes sensiblement parallèlement entre elles et on enfile chaque tube dans une série de trous alignés des ailettes. Enfin, on provoque une expansion radiale des tubes en passant un outil d'expansion à l'intérieur de ces tubes de façon à lier mécaniquement les tubes et les ailettes par sertissage, les cols délimitant les trous de passage des tubes formant alors des collets serrés autour les tubes.In a mechanical type heat exchanger, the heat exchange elements, called in this case “fins”, are connected to the tubes as follows. First of all, holes for the passage of the tubes are formed in the fins. These passage holes are generally each delimited by a flanged edge forming a neck. Then, the fins are arranged substantially parallel to each other and each tube is threaded into a series of aligned holes of the fins. Finally, a radial expansion of the tubes is caused by passing an expansion tool inside these tubes so as to mechanically link the tubes and the fins by crimping, the necks delimiting the passage holes of the tubes then forming tight collars. around the tubes.

De tels échangeurs sont traversés par un flux d'air, les ailettes s'étendant à travers le flux.Such exchangers are traversed by an air flow, the fins extending through the flow.

Afin d'augmenter l'échange de chaleur entre les ailettes et le flux d'air, on ménage habituellement sur les ailettes des déflecteurs formés de rangées de persiennes, les rangées étant intercalées entre les tubes d'une même rangée de tubes. Généralement, chaque persienne comprend une lame munie d'un bord libre et d'un bord de liaison reliant la persienne à l'ailette.In order to increase the heat exchange between the fins and the air flow, deflectors formed of rows of louvers are usually provided on the fins, the rows being interposed between the tubes of the same row of tubes. Generally, each louver comprises a blade provided with a free edge and a connecting edge connecting the louver to the fin.

Dans l'art antérieur, les persiennes sont arrangées en deux groupes de persiennes successifs dans la rangée. Pour les persiennes du premier groupe, auquel appartient la première persienne de la rangée, le bord libre des lames forme bord amont par rapport au flux d'air, le bord de liaison formant bord aval. A l'inverse, pour les persiennes du second groupe, auquel appartient la dernière persienne de la rangée, le bord de liaison des lames des persiennes forme bord amont par rapport au flux d'air, le bord libre formant bord aval.In the prior art, the louvers are arranged in two groups of successive louvers in the row. For the louvers of the first group, to which the first louver in the row belongs, the free edge of the slats forms the upstream edge with respect to the air flow, the connecting edge forming the downstream edge. Conversely, for the louvers of the second group, to which the last louver in the row belongs, the connecting edge of the blades of the louvers forms the upstream edge with respect to the air flow, the free edge forming the downstream edge.

Il s'avère que cette configuration a pour effet de générer des zones inefficaces au contact de persiennes dans lesquelles la circulation d'air est freinée, si bien que l'échange thermique entre l'ailette et le flux d'air est réduit.It turns out that this configuration has the effect of generating ineffective zones in contact with louvers in which the air flow is slowed down, so that the heat exchange between the fin and the air flow is reduced.

L'invention a pour but d'améliorer les performances de l'échangeur de chaleur en choisissant une configuration des persiennes qui permette de limiter l'apparition de ces zones inefficaces.The object of the invention is to improve the performance of the heat exchanger by choosing a configuration of the louvers which makes it possible to limit the appearance of these ineffective areas.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un véhicule automobile tel que défini en revendication 1. Le document US 4,709,753 divulgue, certes, un échangeur de chaleur (10) comprenant :- au moins une rangée de tubes (30),- au moins une ailette (40) disposée transversalement à ladite rangée de tubes, les tubes étant reliés à l'ailette par serrage des tubes dans un collet (46) ménagé dans l'ailette ; et- au moins une rangée de persiennes (50), ménagée dans l'ailette et intercalée entre deux tubes de la rangée de tubes, chaque persienne comprenant une lame munie d'un bord libre et d'un bord de liaison reliant la persienne à l'ailette, l'échangeur ne comportant qu'une seule rangée de tubes. Néanmoins, l'échangeur de ce document de l'état de la technique est utilisé de manière opposée à celle revendiquée dans cette demande. Les avantages de la disposition selon la revendication sont expliqués ci-dessous.To this end, the invention relates to a motor vehicle as defined in claim 1. The document US 4,709,753 discloses, of course, a heat exchanger (10) comprising: - at least one row of tubes (30), - at least one fin (40) arranged transversely to said row of tubes, the tubes being connected to the fin by clamping tubes in a collar (46) formed in the fin; and- at least one row of louvers (50), formed in the fin and interposed between two tubes of the row of tubes, each louver comprising a blade provided with a free edge and a connecting edge connecting the louver to the fin, the exchanger having only one row of tubes. However, the exchanger of this prior art document is used in the opposite way to that claimed in this application. The advantages of the arrangement according to the claim are explained below.

On a constaté, de façon surprenante, que la configuration dans laquelle le bord de liaison de la lame d'au moins la première persienne forme bord amont par rapport au flux d'air traversant l'ailette et son bord libre forme bord aval, rend le flux d'air qui traverse les persiennes moins turbulent. Ceci a pour effet de limiter l'apparition de zones inefficaces, et donc d'augmenter l'échange thermique entre les persiennes et le flux d'air.It has been found, surprisingly, that the configuration in which the connecting edge of the blade of at least the first louver forms the upstream edge with respect to the air flow passing through the fin and its free edge forms the downstream edge, makes the air flow passing through the louvers less turbulent. This has the effect of limiting the appearance of ineffective zones, and therefore of increasing the heat exchange between the louvers and the air flow.

A cet égard, des tests ont permis de constater une augmentation de l'échange thermique de 3% pour une perte de charge équivalente par rapport aux configurations de l'art antérieur.In this regard, tests have made it possible to observe an increase in heat exchange of 3% for an equivalent pressure drop compared to the configurations of the prior art.

Selon l'invention, l'échangeur ne comporte qu'une seule rangée de tubes et les bords de liaison de toutes les lames de la rangée forment bord amont par rapport au flux d'air, le bord libre des lames formant bord aval.According to the invention, the exchanger has only one row of tubes and the connecting edges of all the blades in the row form an upstream edge with respect to the air flow, the free edge of the blades forming the downstream edge.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une ailette d'un échangeur de chaleur selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'une ailette d'un échangeur de chaleur selon un mode de réalisation non conforme à l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en perspective d'un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of a fin of a heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view of a fin of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment not according to the invention;
  • the figure 3 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to the invention.

On a représenté à la figure 3 un échangeur de chaleur 1 de type mécanique destiné à équiper un véhicule automobile.We have represented at the figure 3 a heat exchanger 1 of mechanical type intended to equip a motor vehicle.

L'échangeur de chaleur comprend une rangée de tubes 2 (représentés tronqués pour des raisons de clarté sur les figures 1 et 2), dans lesquels un fluide caloporteur classique est destiné à circuler, et des ailettes 4 (dont une seule a été représentée pour des raisons de clarté) reliées à ces tubes 2.The heat exchanger comprises a row of tubes 2 (shown truncated for clarity on the figures 1 and 2 ), in which a conventional heat transfer fluid is intended to circulate, and fins 4 (only one of which has been shown for reasons of clarity) connected to these tubes 2.

Les tubes 2 sont reliés aux ailettes 4 par serrage des tubes dans des collets 6 ménagés dans les ailettes 4. A cet effet, les ailettes 4 sont munies de trous 8 de passage des tubes. Ces trous de passage 8 ont une forme générale oblongue.The tubes 2 are connected to the fins 4 by clamping the tubes in collars 6 formed in the fins 4. For this purpose, the fins 4 are provided with holes 8 for the passage of the tubes. These passage holes 8 have a generally oblong shape.

Dans l'exemple décrit, les tubes 2 ont chacun une forme générale allongée et comportent une section sensiblement oblongue. Les tubes 2 sont agencés sensiblement parallèlement entre eux, de façon à former une rangée unique.In the example described, the tubes 2 each have a generally elongated shape and have a substantially oblong section. The tubes 2 are arranged substantially parallel to each other, so as to form a single row.

Les ailettes 4 ont une forme générale rectangulaire, sensiblement plane, et sont agencées dans l'échangeur de chaleur 1 de façon sensiblement parallèle entre elles et perpendiculaire aux directions longitudinales des tubes 2.The fins 4 have a generally rectangular, substantially planar shape, and are arranged in the heat exchanger 1 in a manner that is substantially parallel to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal directions of the tubes 2.

Les ailettes 4 sont destinées à s'étendre à travers un flux d'air d'amont en aval lui-même traversant l'échangeur. On a représenté par des flèches F la direction de circulation du flux.The fins 4 are intended to extend through an air flow from upstream to downstream itself passing through the exchanger. The direction of flow of the flow is represented by arrows F.

Pour augmenter l'échange thermique entre le flux F et les ailettes 4, l'échangeur 1 comprend également des rangées 10 de persiennes 12, ménagées dans chaque ailette 4 et intercalées chacune entre deux tubes 2.To increase the heat exchange between the flow F and the fins 4, the exchanger 1 also comprises rows 10 of louvers 12, formed in each fin 4 and each interposed between two tubes 2.

Chaque persienne 12 comprend une lame 14 comprenant un bord libre 16 et un bord de liaison 18 reliant la persienne 12 à l'ailette 4.Each shutter 12 comprises a blade 14 comprising a free edge 16 and a connecting edge 18 connecting the shutter 12 to the fin 4.

Dans le mode de réalisation selon l'invention (voir figure 1) et dans le mode de réalisation non conforme à l'invention (voir figure 2), le bord de liaison 18 de la lame 14 d'au moins la première persienne 12 de la rangée 10 forme bord amont par rapport au flux F, le bord libre 16 de la lame 14 formant bord aval.In the embodiment according to the invention (see figure 1 ) and in the embodiment not according to the invention (see figure 2 ), the connecting edge 18 of the blade 14 of at least the first louver 12 of the row 10 forms the upstream edge with respect to the flow F, the free edge 16 of the blade 14 forming the downstream edge.

Plus particulièrement, dans le mode de réalisation selon l'invention représenté à la figure 1, les bords de liaison 18 de toutes les lames 14 de la rangée 10 forment bord amont par rapport au flux d'air F, le bord libre 16 des lames 14 formant bord aval.More particularly, in the embodiment according to the invention shown in figure 1 , the connecting edges 18 of all the blades 14 of row 10 form the upstream edge relative to the air flow F, the free edge 16 of the blades 14 forming the downstream edge.

Dans le mode de réalisation non conforme à l'invention représenté à la figure 2, le bord libre 16 d'au moins la dernière lame 14 de la rangée 10 forme bord amont par rapport au flux d'air F, son bord de liaison 18 formant bord aval.In the embodiment not according to the invention shown in figure 2 , the free edge 16 of at least the last blade 14 of row 10 forms an upstream edge with respect to the air flow F, its connecting edge 18 forming the downstream edge.

Plus particulièrement, dans ce deuxième mode de réalisation, la rangée 10 comprend deux groupes de persiennes 12 comprenant de préférence un même nombre de persiennes 12, les persiennes 12 du second groupe succédant aux persiennes du premier groupe dans la rangée 10 de persiennes.More particularly, in this second embodiment, row 10 comprises two groups of louvers 12 preferably comprising the same number of louvers 12, louvers 12 of the second group succeeding the louvers of the first group in row 10 of louvers.

Sur l'exemple représenté sur la figure 2, la rangée 10 est formée de quatorze persiennes 12 répartis en deux groupes de sept persiennes 12, disposées de part et d'autre d'une lame de jonction 20 reliant le bord libre 16 de la dernière lame 14 du premier groupe au bord libre 16 de la première lame 14 du deuxième groupe.In the example shown in figure 2 , row 10 is formed of fourteen louvers 12 divided into two groups of seven louvers 12, arranged on either side of a junction blade 20 connecting the free edge 16 of the last blade 14 of the first group to the free edge 16 of the first blade 14 of the second group.

Pour toutes les persiennes 12 du premier groupe, le bord de liaison 18 de chaque lame 14 forme bord amont par rapport au flux d'air F et le bord libre 16 forme bord aval.For all the louvers 12 of the first group, the connecting edge 18 of each blade 14 forms an upstream edge with respect to the air flow F and the free edge 16 forms the downstream edge.

A l'inverse, pour les persiennes 12 du second groupe, le bord libre 16 de chaque lame 14 forme bord amont par rapport au flux d'air F, et le bord de liaison 18 forme bord aval.Conversely, for the louvers 12 of the second group, the free edge 16 of each blade 14 forms the upstream edge with respect to the air flow F, and the connecting edge 18 forms the downstream edge.

La lame de jonction 20 forme un pont sensiblement parallèle à la surface de l'ailette 4 entre les deux groupes de la rangée 10. Par sensiblement parallèle, on entend que le pont est situé dans un plan décalé par rapport à la surface de l'ailette. De préférence, la dimension de la lame de jonction 22 entre le bord libre 16 de la lame 14 de la dernière persienne 12 du premier groupe et le bord libre 16 de la lame 14 de la première persienne 12 du second groupe est inférieure à 3 mm.The junction blade 20 forms a bridge substantially parallel to the surface of the fin 4 between the two groups of the row 10. By substantially parallel is meant that the bridge is located in a plane offset with respect to the surface of the. fin. Preferably, the dimension of the junction blade 22 between the free edge 16 of the blade 14 of the last louver 12 of the first group and the free edge 16 of the blade 14 of the first louver 12 of the second group is less than 3 mm .

L'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation présentés et d'autres modes de réalisation apparaîtront clairement à l'homme du métier.The invention is not limited to the embodiments presented and other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (1)

  1. Motor vehicle comprising a heat exchanger comprising:
    - at least one row of tubes (2),
    - at least one fin (4) disposed transversely to said row of tubes (2),
    the tubes being connected to the fin (4) by clamping the tubes (2) in a collar (6) formed in the fin (4); and
    - at least one row (10) of louvers (12), said row (10) being formed in the fin (4) and interposed between two tubes (2) in the row of tubes, each louver (12) comprising a blade (14) provided with a free edge (16) and a connecting edge (18) connecting the louver (12) to the fin (4),
    characterized in that it has only one row of tubes (2) and in that the connecting edges (18) of all the blades (14) in the row (10) form an upstream edge with respect to the air flow, the free edge (16) of the blades (18) forming the downstream edge.
EP16736111.2A 2015-07-17 2016-07-06 Fin heat exchanger comprising improved louvres Active EP3325910B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1556759A FR3038976B1 (en) 2015-07-17 2015-07-17 HEAT EXCHANGER WITH FINS COMPRISING IMPROVED PERSIANS
PCT/EP2016/065922 WO2017012868A1 (en) 2015-07-17 2016-07-06 Fin heat exchanger comprising improved louvres

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3325910A1 EP3325910A1 (en) 2018-05-30
EP3325910B1 true EP3325910B1 (en) 2021-08-11

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EP16736111.2A Active EP3325910B1 (en) 2015-07-17 2016-07-06 Fin heat exchanger comprising improved louvres

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US (1) US20180299209A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3325910B1 (en)
CN (1) CN108431537A (en)
BR (1) BR112018000879A2 (en)
FR (1) FR3038976B1 (en)
MX (1) MX2018000659A (en)
WO (1) WO2017012868A1 (en)

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FR3038976B1 (en) 2019-08-09
EP3325910A1 (en) 2018-05-30
WO2017012868A1 (en) 2017-01-26
CN108431537A (en) 2018-08-21
FR3038976A1 (en) 2017-01-20
US20180299209A1 (en) 2018-10-18
MX2018000659A (en) 2018-09-06
BR112018000879A2 (en) 2018-09-11

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