EP3325673B1 - Convertisseur d'inclinaison - Google Patents

Convertisseur d'inclinaison Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3325673B1
EP3325673B1 EP16757075.3A EP16757075A EP3325673B1 EP 3325673 B1 EP3325673 B1 EP 3325673B1 EP 16757075 A EP16757075 A EP 16757075A EP 3325673 B1 EP3325673 B1 EP 3325673B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
suspension elements
container
converter
converter according
suspension
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16757075.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3325673A1 (fr
Inventor
Alfredo Poloni
Marco Ansoldi
Yuri RAFFAGLIO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Danieli and C Officine Meccaniche SpA
Original Assignee
Danieli and C Officine Meccaniche SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Danieli and C Officine Meccaniche SpA filed Critical Danieli and C Officine Meccaniche SpA
Publication of EP3325673A1 publication Critical patent/EP3325673A1/fr
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Publication of EP3325673B1 publication Critical patent/EP3325673B1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4633—Supporting means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4673—Measuring and sampling devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4673—Measuring and sampling devices
    • C21C2005/468—Means for determining the weight of the converter
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/44—Refractory linings
    • C21C5/441—Equipment used for making or repairing linings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an oxygen tilting converter provided with a suspension system for the converter container, connecting said container to a trunnion ring.
  • the main functions of the oxygen converter also known as B.O.F. (Basic Oxygen Furnace) are to decarburize and remove phosphorus from the cast iron and optimize the temperature of the steel so that further treatments can be implemented prior to casting with minimum heating and cooling of the steel.
  • B.O.F. Basic Oxygen Furnace
  • the exothermic oxidation reactions occurring in the converter produce much heat energy, more than is necessary to reach the set temperature of steel. This extra heat is used to melt scrap and/or additions of iron ore.
  • the B.O.F. container being substantially a furnace, is also subject to strong thermal expansion.
  • the converter consists of a container, defining the reactor and having generally a central cylindrical body, hemispherical bottom or substantially truncated cone bottom and a substantially truncated cone upper zone provided with a loading mouth.
  • the container or vessel is supported by an annular support structure (trunnion ring), which coaxially surrounds it and is suitably spaced apart therefrom.
  • the trunnion ring has two diametrically opposite supporting pins (trunnion pins), which define a rotation axis of the entire system to allow both the loading of the material to be melted (or of the already molten cast iron coming from upstream processes) and the tapping of the molten material and all the other activities related to steel production.
  • the whole system is supported by two supports anchored to the ground.
  • the rotation control of the container is keyed on one of the two trunnion pins.
  • Suspension elements are suitably provided for the container of the converter, connecting the container to the trunnion ring.
  • tie-rods are arranged in a distributed manner along the trunnion ring and the axis of the tie-rods being preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis of the container, orthogonal to the ground, and therefore vertically when the container is arranged with the loading mouth facing upwards.
  • the tie-rods could also be arranged with a certain angle with respect to the ground, other than 90°.
  • the solution with lamellae provides for the single lamellae or the lamellae packs being arranged in a distributed manner below the trunnion ring, considering the converter in its straight position with the loading mouth facing upwards.
  • the single lamellae or the lamellae packs are generally arranged tilted by an angle of about 20-25° with respect to a respective vertical plane containing the longitudinal axis defined by the converter.
  • the single lamellae or the lamellae packs are instead arranged parallel to a respective vertical plane containing the longitudinal axis of the converter.
  • the present invention therefore aims to achieve the objects outlined above by implementing a tilting converter which, according to claim 1, comprises:
  • the monitoring system of the deformation of suspension elements aims at quantifying the deformation of the vertical suspension elements of a BOF, whether they are tie-rods or lamellae, preferably through the use of measuring instruments of the deformations to which the surface of the suspension element to which they are applied is subjected.
  • a preferred solution of the invention contemplates the use of strain gauges or similar devices applied to the tie-rods or to the lamellae.
  • Strain gauges are measuring instruments used to detect dimensional deformations of a body subjected to stress. Strain gauges have the property of varying their internal resistance depending on the deformation to which the surface to which they are applied is subjected. They consist of a circuit made of a sensitive element, usually a very fine wire of metal or semiconductor material, which varies its resistance according to the deformation it receives from the body to which it is applied. Measuring the above resistance variations by means of a Wheatstone bridge or other similar devices, it is possible to derive the extent of the deformation which caused them.
  • Strain gauges suitable for temperatures up to 250 °C, can for example be glued onto the tie-rods or on the lamellae which connect the trunnion ring to the vessel walls.
  • Such a converter 1 comprises:
  • a plane Y-Z is defined which can be considered an "equatorial" plane of the converter, and a plane X-Z, both orthogonal to plane X-Y.
  • container 2 comprises a central cylindrical zone 20 and two truncated cone zones 21, 22, each truncated cone zone being arranged laterally to said central cylindrical zone.
  • a first truncated cone zone 21 is welded at one end to said central cylindrical zone 20 while at the other end it comprises the loading mouth 4 of the container.
  • the side discharge hole is provided in said first truncated cone zone 21.
  • a second truncated cone zone 22 is welded at one end to said central cylindrical zone 20, on the side opposite to the first truncated cone zone 21, while at the other end it comprises bottom 2' of container 2.
  • the second zone 22 comprises a truncated cone section closed by a hemispherical bottom.
  • a further alternative contemplates that the second area 22 is totally hemispherical.
  • the trunnion ring 3, arranged at the central zone 20 of container 2, is hollow and preferably has a rectangular cross section.
  • Ring 3 has a surface 10 facing towards the part of the container comprising the loading mouth 4; a surface 11, opposite to surface 10, facing towards the part of container 2 comprising its bottom 2'; an inner surface facing towards the central part of the container; an outer surface opposite to the inner surface.
  • Such a converter includes:
  • each group 12 may consist of two or three or more than four suspension elements 7.
  • the four groups 12 of suspension elements 7 may be arranged at a same angular distance between one group and the next one (90°) so as to obtain a balanced distribution of loads for each group 12 of suspension elements 7.
  • Groups 12 of suspension elements 7 are arranged symmetrically with respect to plane X-Z and plane X-Y.
  • the four groups 12 of suspension elements 7 can be arranged still symmetrically but closer to the trunnion pins. Therefore, the groups are no longer spaced apart from one another by 90°.
  • three groups of vertical suspension elements may be provided, arranged at a same angular distance between one group and the next one (120°).
  • the vertical suspension elements 7 for the vertical suspension of the converter are longitudinal bars interlocked at a first end to container 2, preferably at a cantilever shelf of said container, and interlocked at a second end to the trunnion ring 3, preferably to the upper zone or surface 10 of said trunnion ring.
  • the longitudinal bars 7 are locked at the ends to prevent the presence of parts with relative motion, and since there are no parts subject to wear, maintenance works are eliminated or at least greatly reduced.
  • Bars 7, acting as tie-rods or struts can be adjusted to compensate for any unevenness in the length of the bars, thus ensuring a correct positioning thereof during assembly.
  • Bars 7 are suitably sized to operate as elastic support means to absorb expansions.
  • Said bars 7 preferably have a circular section. However, other section shapes may be contemplated according to the design longitudinal extension of the bars.
  • an advantageous configuration of the converter includes:
  • Each suspension device 8 is provided in the space between two groups of elastic bars 7 and arranged in the vicinity of the first surface 10 of ring 3 ( Figure 2 ). Alternatively, each suspension device 8 may be arranged in the vicinity of the second surface 11 of the ring.
  • the four groups of elastic bars 7 are arranged so that two pairs of groups of bars 7 are arranged mutually symmetrically with respect to plane X-Y.
  • Another advantageous configuration (not shown) of the converter includes two pairs of suspension devices 8, a first pair of suspension devices 8 being arranged at a first side of plane Y-Z and a second pair of suspension devices 8 being arranged at a second side of plane Y-Z.
  • the suspension devices 8 are further arranged symmetrically with respect to plane X-Z. Considering the converter in vertical position, bars 7 are in vertical position while the suspension devices 8 are in horizontal position. Bars 7 orthogonally cross plane Y-Z.
  • the suspension devices 8 are instead parallel to plane Y-Z and cross plane X-Y.
  • a pair of suspension devices 8 is arranged at a first side of plane Y-Z, i.e.
  • All suspension devices 7, 8 are arranged, in plan, substantially along a circumference. Therefore, they are arranged substantially along the side surface of a cylinder.
  • the elastic bars 7 of groups 12 are constrained at one end to container 2 by blocking them on the fixing supports 14. They are instead constrained at the other end by blocking them directly on the first surface 10 of the trunnion ring 3.
  • the constraint is an interlocking (interlocked beam).
  • Both the fixing supports 14, welded or bolted to container 2, and the first surface 10 of ring 3 have through holes in which the elastic bars 7 are inserted; the ends of such bars are threaded and the blocking thereof on supports 14 and on the first surface 10 of the ring is by means of a self-aligning locking system and nuts.
  • the elastic bars 7 cross, at least with an end thereof, the cavity of ring 3, optionally within a respective sleeve having the function of delimiting the passage channel of the respective bar 7.
  • a single fixing support 14 may be provided for each group 12 of elastic bars 7.
  • the elastic bars 7 are attached to container 2 in a position below the trunnion ring 3, i.e. below plane Y-Z; while they are attached to ring 3 directly on the first surface 10 of the latter, i.e. above plane Y-Z.
  • the suspension devices 8 may be, for example, of the type (half) shown in Figure 3 , comprising a central structure 8' attached to a container 2; a first side structure 29 arranged at a side of said central structure 8' and attached to surface 10 of the trunnion ring 3 of the container; a second side structure (not shown) arranged at a second side of said central structure 8', opposite the first side and attached on said surface 10 of the trunnion ring 3; wherein two wedge-shaped elements 15 are provided, each wedge-shaped element 15 being arranged between the central structure 8' and a respective side structure and configured so as to slide on two sliding surfaces of the central structure 8' and of the respective side structure, respectively; wherein each wedge-shaped element 15 is crossed by at least one tie-rod 16 connected thereto; and wherein the elastic means associated to the at least one tie-rod 16 or said at least one tie-rod with its intrinsic elasticity are configured to produce a constant wedging of the wedge-shaped element 15 so that an automatic adjustment of the suspension device 8
  • the suspension elements 7 are lamellae arranged tilted with respect to axis X.
  • the tilting with respect to axis X is by an angle preferably comprised between 10° and 20°.
  • the suspension means 7 are lamellae arranged parallel with respect to axis X.
  • Each suspension element 7 is constrained at a first end to container 2 and at a second end to the trunnion ring 3 by blocking it on respective fixing supports 13, 14, such as brackets, by fixing means such as through screws, shear pin bushes, keys, tabs or other equivalent means.
  • a single fixing support 13 and a single fixing support 14 may be provided for fixing the ends of the suspension elements 7 of each group 12.
  • the fixing support 13 is integral to surface 11 of the trunnion ring 3 facing towards bottom 2' of the container; while the fixing support 14 is integral to the truncated cone zone 22 or integral to both said truncated cone zone 22 and to bottom 2' of container 2.
  • the horizontal suspension means 8 are arranged parallel to plane Y-Z, orthogonal to the first axis X and symmetrically with respect to plane X-Z.
  • the suspension means 8 cross plane X-Y and are arranged in the vicinity of surface 10 and/or surface 11 of the trunnion ring 3.
  • the horizontal suspension means 8 which can be used may be of various types, such as those described above with reference to Figure 3 , or other types already known in the art.
  • the two trunnion pins 6, actuated by at least one tilting mechanism, allow the rotation of the converter about axis Y.
  • the converter usually switches from a first position, in which it is in its vertical position with the loading mouth 4 facing upwards ( Figures 3 and 5 ) to a second position tilted by an angle of about 45° from the vertical, through a rotation of the trunnion pins 6 in a rotation direction. In this second position, the liquid cast iron and the scrap is loaded through mouth 4. After loading, the converter returns to the first position shown in Figures 3 and 5 .
  • the converter switches from first position shown in Figures 3 and 5 to a third position tilted by an angle of about 90° from the vertical, through a rotation of the trunnion pins 6 in a direction opposite to said previous rotation direction.
  • the liquid steel is discharged through the discharge hole provided in the container of the converter.
  • the load determined by the sum of the weights of container 2, of the liquid cast iron and of the scrap, is discharged to the ground through the trunnion ring 3, the vertical suspension elements 7, the horizontal suspension devices or elements, the trunnion pins 6 and the relative supports.
  • the configuration of the suspension elements 7 and of the suspension elements 8 allows to absorb the weight for any inclination of container 2.
  • the suspension means 7 mainly act as tie-rods for a tilting angle of the converter from the vertical equal to 0°, while they mainly act as struts for a tilting angle equal to 180°, and gradually both as tie-rods and as struts for angles other than 0° and 180°.
  • the position with tilting angle equal to 180°, with loading mouth 4 facing downwards, is used for cleaning the container, when emptied.
  • the suspension means 8 ensure optimal support, stability and rigidity of the container.
  • Said suspension elements 8 mainly serve for supporting the load component orthogonal to axis X of the converter.
  • the load on the suspension means 7 gradually switches from a maximum value with converter in vertical position to a minimum value with converter in horizontal position, while the load on the suspension elements 8 switches gradually from a substantially zero value to a maximum value when the converter switches from the vertical position to the horizontal position.
  • the moments which are generated with the rotation of the converter about axis X are perfectly absorbed by the configurations of the suspension elements 7 and of the suspension elements 8.
  • the suspension system of the converter according to the present invention is provided with deformation detecting means adapted to detect in real time the deformations to which the suspension means 7 are subjected during all the steps described above, including the smelting step.
  • Said deformation detecting means comprise deformation measuring instruments 30 applied in at least one zone of each of the suspension elements 7, whether in the form of tie-rods ( Figures 2 and 3 ) or lamellae ( Figures 4 and 5 ).
  • Said deformation measuring instruments 30 are applied at least in an upper zone and/or a lower zone of each of said suspension elements 7, considering the container 2 with the loading mouth 4 facing upwards ( Figure 1 ).
  • the measuring instruments 30 may also be applied in a central zone of each of the suspension elements 7.
  • the deformation measuring instruments 30 are strain gauges, preferably glued in said zones of the suspension elements 7.
  • an acquisition device 31 adapted to acquire data on the deformations suffered by the suspension elements 7 and at least one calculation unit 32 for processing said data.
  • At least one storage device 33 of said data is also provided.
  • the circumference of container 2, seen from above, is divided into four quadrants (see for example Figure 4 ).
  • Each quadrant contains a group consisting of "n" vertical suspension elements 7, suitably provided with measuring instruments 30, preferably strain gauges, applied thereto and preferably insulated in a known manner.
  • the strain gauges 30 are applied in a number of four on each of the two/three zones of the suspension elements 7.
  • four strain gauges 30 are applied in the upper zone, in the middle and in the lower zone of the suspension elements 7, respectively.
  • strain gauges 30 are detected through the acquisition device 31 and they allow to calculate the magnitude of the load acting on the tie-rods or lamellae.
  • the next step relates to data management: through at least one calculation unit 32, which may be on board the converter or communicating therewith, such as via Wi-Fi, a "map" can be built which shows the deformations of the suspension elements 7 and therefore the differential deformations between vessel 2 and trunnion ring 3.
  • This data set provides real time indication of the situation of the stresses on the suspension system, allowing direct control over the conditions of the suspension system and the converter.
  • the storage device 33 it is possible to define how the converter behaves by monitoring the suspension system over time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Un convertisseur d'inclinaison comprenant :
    un contenant (2), définissant un premier axe longitudinal X, ayant un fond (2') ;
    un anneau à tourillon (3), coaxial au contenant (2) et espacé dudit contenant, pourvu de deux broches à tourillon (6) diamétralement opposées, définissant un deuxième axe Y orthogonal au premier axe X, conçu pour permettre une rotation du convertisseur autour dudit deuxième axe Y ;
    un système de suspension, raccordant ledit contenant (2) audit anneau à tourillon (3), comprenant des éléments de suspension (7) ou des groupes d'éléments de suspension (7), lesdits éléments de suspension (7) ou lesdits groupes d'éléments de suspension (7) étant agencés le long d'une surface latérale de cône cylindrique ou tronconique, coaxiale au premier axe X,
    dans lequel des moyens de détection de déformation sont prévus, conçus pour détecter en temps réel les déformations auxquelles les éléments de suspension sont soumis,
    et dans lequel lesdits moyens de détection de déformation comprennent des instruments de mesure de déformation appliqués dans au moins une zone de chacun desdits éléments de suspension (7).
  2. Un convertisseur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel lesdits instruments de mesure de déformation sont appliqués dans une zone supérieure et une zone inférieure de chacun desdits éléments de suspension (7).
  3. Un convertisseur selon la revendication 2, dans lequel lesdits instruments de mesure de déformation sont également appliqués dans une zone centrale de chacun desdits éléments de suspension (7).
  4. Un convertisseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel lesdits instruments de mesure de déformation sont des jauges de contrainte.
  5. Un convertisseur selon la revendication 4, dans lequel lesdites jauges de contrainte sont collées auxdits éléments de suspension (7).
  6. Un convertisseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel un dispositif d'acquisition est prévu, conçu pour acquérir des données sur les déformations subies par lesdits éléments de suspension (7).
  7. Un convertisseur selon la revendication 6, dans lequel est prévue au moins une unité de calcul pour traiter lesdites données.
  8. Un convertisseur selon la revendication 6 ou la revendication 7, dans lequel est prévu au moins un dispositif de stockage pour stocker lesdites données.
  9. Un convertisseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel lesdits éléments de suspension (7) ou lesdits groupes d'éléments de suspension (7) sont dans une position entre l'anneau à tourillon (3) et le fond (2').
  10. Un convertisseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel lesdits éléments de suspension (7) sont des tirants ou des lamelles.
  11. Un convertisseur selon la revendication 10, dans lequel lesdits tirants sont contraints au niveau d'une première extrémité de ceux-ci contre le contenant (2) en les bloquant sur des supports de fixation (14) faisant saillie à partir du contenant (2), et sont contraints au niveau d'une deuxième extrémité de ceux-ci en les bloquant directement sur une surface supérieure (10) de l'anneau à tourillon (3).
  12. Un convertisseur selon la revendication 10, dans lequel lesdites lamelles sont contraintes au niveau d'une première extrémité de celles-ci contre le contenant (2) et au niveau d'une deuxième extrémité de celles-ci à l'anneau à tourillon (3) en les bloquant sur des supports de fixation respectifs (13, 14).
EP16757075.3A 2015-07-17 2016-07-15 Convertisseur d'inclinaison Active EP3325673B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITUB2015A002291A ITUB20152291A1 (it) 2015-07-17 2015-07-17 Convertitore ribaltabile
PCT/IB2016/054227 WO2017013554A1 (fr) 2015-07-17 2016-07-15 Convertisseur d'inclinaison

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3325673A1 EP3325673A1 (fr) 2018-05-30
EP3325673B1 true EP3325673B1 (fr) 2020-02-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16757075.3A Active EP3325673B1 (fr) 2015-07-17 2016-07-15 Convertisseur d'inclinaison

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3325673B1 (fr)
IT (1) ITUB20152291A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017013554A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4209747A1 (fr) * 2022-01-11 2023-07-12 Danieli Corus BV Ensemble de traitement métallurgique

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4135915A (en) * 1973-12-12 1979-01-23 Gec Mechanical Handling Limited Kinetic energy monitor
JPS589912A (ja) * 1981-07-10 1983-01-20 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 転炉の重心装置監視装置
JPH02179811A (ja) * 1988-12-28 1990-07-12 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 金属精錬炉における金属溶解検出装置
EP2674503A1 (fr) * 2012-06-15 2013-12-18 Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH Appui horizontal pour un convertisseur à bascule et procédé de transformation d'un convertisseur à bascule

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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Publication number Publication date
ITUB20152291A1 (it) 2017-01-17
EP3325673A1 (fr) 2018-05-30
WO2017013554A1 (fr) 2017-01-26

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