EP3323131B1 - Varistor avec separateur - Google Patents

Varistor avec separateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3323131B1
EP3323131B1 EP16748065.6A EP16748065A EP3323131B1 EP 3323131 B1 EP3323131 B1 EP 3323131B1 EP 16748065 A EP16748065 A EP 16748065A EP 3323131 B1 EP3323131 B1 EP 3323131B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
varistor
contact
detachment means
set forth
electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16748065.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3323131A1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Durth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3323131A1 publication Critical patent/EP3323131A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3323131B1 publication Critical patent/EP3323131B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H01C7/126—Means for protecting against excessive pressure or for disconnecting in case of failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/08—Terminals; Connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
    • H01H2037/762—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit using a spring for opening the circuit when the fusible element melts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2235/00—Springs
    • H01H2235/01—Spiral spring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/32—Insulating body insertable between contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a varistor with a disconnection device.
  • Such varistor is out JP H02 267902 A known.
  • surge arresters and in particular varistors, are subject to aging which cannot be neglected (also known as degradation) due to the high energy inputs. It can be determined that different factors have an impact on aging. In particular, however, the prevailing environmental conditions as well as the number, frequency and strength of energy inputs have an impact on aging. With increasing aging, for example, leakage currents occur, which lead to (continuous) heating of the surge arrester.
  • thermal isolating devices are therefore often used in which the surge arrester is electrically contacted by means of a spring system, the spring system being soldered to the surge arrester with a thermally softenable solder or adhesive. If an inadmissible heating occurs, the solder or the adhesive becomes soft, so that the energy stored in the spring system releases the direct electrical contact to the surge arrester.
  • a major disadvantage of this system is that the sudden interruption of the already flowing leakage current leads to a sharp increase in the voltage at the contact point itself. As a result, the insulation of the system is subjected to high loads, so that arcing can occur and the entire system in turn fails.
  • the reason for this is the magnetic energy that is stored in the electrical network at the time of separation by the current that is already flowing. This energy stored in the supply lines must be dissipated. The faster the current is interrupted, the greater the voltage at the point of separation.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing an improved and cost-effective varistor with a disconnection device which avoids one or more disadvantages from the prior art.
  • a varistor 1 with a disconnection device A is shown in the figures.
  • the varistor has at least a first connection 2 and a second connection 3.
  • the disconnection device A is designed such that it can interrupt the current flow through the varistor 1 in the event of a fault.
  • a fault is to be understood in general and can include both thermal overloading due to leakage currents and high fault currents.
  • the disconnecting device A has a connection contact 5.
  • the connection contact 5 establishes an electrical contact with a first connection 2 of the varistor 1.
  • connection contact 5 is secured by a thermally softenable holding device 4, so that the connection contact 5 remains electrically conductively connected to the first connection 2 of the varistor in normal operation.
  • the separating device A also has a detaching means 6, which is biased by means of an energy store 7 in normal operation.
  • an energy storage support 8 can be provided on the varistor 1 or on a housing (not shown) around the varistor and / or the separating device or another element of the separating device A.
  • the varistor 1 and / or the holding device 4 and / or other components in the thermal vicinity heat up, as a result of which the thermally softenable holding device is heated indirectly and / or immediately to such an extent that the thermally softenable holding device 4 softens.
  • the connection contact 5 is mechanically separated from the first connection 2 of the varistor 1 with the aid of the detachment means 6.
  • the separating device / the releasing means 6 is now designed to be resistive. The result of this is that a current still flowing through the varistor 1 is limited to non-hazardous values and at the same time the formation of arcs is prevented.
  • the outer shape of the release means 6 is wedge-shaped at least in sections, so that the insertion (and possible separation) is particularly simple.
  • plastic and / or ceramic materials can be used in a particularly simple and inexpensive manner with good electrical and mechanical properties. These can themselves have an appropriate electrical conductivity inherent or by filling with electrically conductive substances and, alternatively or additionally, can be equipped with an electrically conductive surface.
  • the electrical resistance that is exerted on a current flow is dependent on the relative path of the release means 6 with respect to the first connection 2 of the varistor 1 and / or the connection contact 5. If the release agent 6 is pushed in further (such as in Figure 5 shown), the current via the connection contact 5 to the first connection 2 has to cover a longer resistive path via the stripping means 6 than in a state directly when stripping. This means that the resistance can be changed (continuously) with the displacement path, which means that a low resistance is effectively available at the beginning, for example An arc is first avoided, and then the resistance is increased so that the current can be limited to non-hazardous sizes.
  • either a (wedge-shaped) gap 9 remains or, alternatively, the (wedge-shaped) gap 9 can be filled by a correspondingly designed electrically insulating section. This can be advantageous, for example, in order to achieve improved electrical and / or mechanical properties.
  • the detachment means 6 has a section 9 or a plurality of sections 9 which extend in sections transversely to the connecting line between the contact 2 and the terminal contact 5 shown in dashed lines in the figures, and which have a lower conductance than other sections of the detachment means, so that the electrical resistance of the release agent 6 changes depending on the relative current path.
  • the disconnection device A further has an electrical disconnection means 10, which electrically disconnects the connection contact 5 from the connection 2 of the varistor 1 after a resistively impeded current flow has initially been achieved in the event of a fault.
  • Figure 5 which shows a tripped state of the disconnection device A, the current flow is no longer possible since the insulating wedge 10 is now pushed between the connection contact 5 and the otherwise resistive release means 6.
  • the softenable holding device 4 can have an electrically conductive solder or an electrically conductive adhesive.
  • the detachment means 6 also has a further electrical contact 11, the further electrical contact 11 being arranged such that the resistive material of the detachment means 6 is in contact with the first contact 2 and the connection contact 5 Voltage divider is provided.
  • the upper part of the release means 6 now forms between the further electrical contact 11 and the connection contact 5 a first resistor and between the first connection 2 and the further electrical contact 11 a second resistor.
  • a voltage divider is thus available at the further electrical contact 11, so that (for example even after tripping in the event of a fault) a voltage is available at the additional contact 11 which can be used for further functions such as analysis and signaling.
  • this voltage divider is only relevant until the connection contact 5 has been electrically separated from the connection 2 of the varistor 1 by means of the electrical disconnection means 10. In this case, for example, the absence of a voltage at the further electrical contact 11 can be used as a sign of disconnection.
  • the resistive behavior of the release agent 6 can be of different types.
  • it in addition to a linear resistive behavior, it can also have a non-linear resistive behavior, for example the release means 6 can have a varistor-like characteristic or a temperature-dependent characteristic, e.g. that of a PTC resistor.
  • the invention proposes to reduce the energy still stored in the network over a certain period of time.
  • the separation point is not suddenly changed from electrically conductive to a high-resistance case, but the invention allows a current to continue flowing for a certain period of time, which can be determined by the time for the displacement of the release agent 6, but now no arc more arises.
  • a suitable resistor can also be formed in a surrounding housing, or in and by internal housing or mechanical fixing components.
  • the necessary electrical contact can also be made, in particular, by overmolding live parts with resistive plastics.
  • connection contact 5 and the first connection 2 changes during the separation, for example starting with a low resistance to a high resistance.
  • This can be achieved, for example, by sliding contacts or by sliders. It can be ensured that the ohmic contact acts simultaneously with the opening of the separation point, and thus the flowing current is ohmically limited. As a result, the magnetic energy can be dissipated, so that the voltage at the separation point cannot increase sharply, as in conventional devices.
  • the resistance or the resistance curve can be selected such that at the time of the disconnection by means of the disconnection means 10 the current flow is already reduced to such an extent that disconnection can now be provided without the risk of an arc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Details Of Resistors (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Varistor (1) pourvu d'un dispositif de déconnexion (A), dans un cas de défaut, le dispositif de déconnexion (A) étant susceptible d'interrompre le flux de courant électrique à travers le varistor (1), le dispositif de déconnexion (A) comportant un contact à borne (5), qui établit un contact électrique sur une première borne (2) du varistor (1), le contact électrique étant bloqué par un système de retenue (4) thermiquement ramollissable, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de déconnexion (A) comporte par ailleurs un moyen de désolidarisation (6), qui est contraint au moyen d'un accumulateur d'énergie (7) et en ce que dans un cas de défaut, lorsque le système de retenue (4) thermiquement ramollissable ramollit, déconnecte mécaniquement le contact à borne (5) de la première borne (2) du varistor (1), le moyen de désolidarisation (6) étant réalisé en version résistive, pour limiter le courant électrique à travers le varistor (1) et pour éviter des arcs électriques.
  2. Varistor (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de désolidarisation (6) atteint la déconnexion par un intercalage mécanique et reste de ce fait en contact électrique durable avec la première borne (2) et / ou le contact à borne (5).
  3. Varistor (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la forme extérieure du moyen de désolidarisation (6) est cunéiforme au moins par endroits.
  4. Varistor (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de désolidarisation (6) comporte de la matière plastique et / ou de la céramique.
  5. Varistor (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la résistance électrique qui est exercée sur un flux de courant électrique est dépendante du chemin relatif du moyen de désolidarisation (6) en rapport à la première borne (2) du varistor (1) et / ou au contact à borne (5).
  6. Varistor (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de désolidarisation (6) comporte un ou plusieurs segments (9), qui par endroits s'étendent à la transversale de la ligne de liaison entre le premier contact (2) et le contact à borne (5) et qui font preuve d'une conductance plus faible que d'autres segments, de telle sorte que la résistance électrique du moyen de désolidarisation (6) varie en fonction du chemin de courant relatif.
  7. Varistor (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de déconnexion (A) comporte par ailleurs un moyen de déconnexion (10) électrique, qui déconnecte électriquement le contact à borne (5) de la première borne (2) du varistor (1), une fois que dans un premier temps, un flux de courant résistivement empêché ait été atteint en cas de défaut.
  8. Varistor (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le système de retenue (4) ramollissable comporte une soudure conductrice d'électricité ou un agent adhésif conducteur d'électricité.
  9. Varistor (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de désolidarisation (6) comporte par ailleurs un contact électrique (11) supplémentaire, le contact électrique (11) supplémentaire étant placé de telle sorte, qu'en rapport à la première borne (2) et au contact à borne (5) pourvu de la matière résistive du moyen de désolidarisation (6), un diviseur de tension soit mis à disposition.
  10. Varistor (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de désolidarisation (6) fait preuve d'un comportement résistif non linéaire.
EP16748065.6A 2015-07-13 2016-07-13 Varistor avec separateur Active EP3323131B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015213050.9A DE102015213050A1 (de) 2015-07-13 2015-07-13 Varistor mit einer Abtrennvorrichtung
PCT/EP2016/066580 WO2017009355A1 (fr) 2015-07-13 2016-07-13 Varistance pourvue d'un dispositif de coupure

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3323131A1 EP3323131A1 (fr) 2018-05-23
EP3323131B1 true EP3323131B1 (fr) 2020-06-17

Family

ID=56611220

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16748065.6A Active EP3323131B1 (fr) 2015-07-13 2016-07-13 Varistor avec separateur

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US10229774B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3323131B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107820632B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015213050A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2668232C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017009355A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017210473B4 (de) * 2017-06-22 2019-09-05 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzgerät mit Anschlusselementen und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben
DE102018212690A1 (de) * 2018-07-30 2020-01-30 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Bauraumoptimierte Abtrennvorrichtung
DE102018131975B4 (de) 2018-12-12 2021-01-14 Dehn Se + Co Kg Thermisch auslösbare Anzeige- oder Schalteinrichtung sowie Überspannungsableiteranordnung mit einer thermisch auslösbaren Anzeige- oder Schalteinrichtung
US11557451B1 (en) * 2021-12-07 2023-01-17 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation High voltage high current fuse with arc interrupter

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017009355A1 (fr) 2017-01-19
US10229774B2 (en) 2019-03-12
CN107820632B (zh) 2019-07-23
EP3323131A1 (fr) 2018-05-23
RU2668232C1 (ru) 2018-09-27
CN107820632A (zh) 2018-03-20
US20180190414A1 (en) 2018-07-05
DE102015213050A1 (de) 2017-01-19

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