EP3309392B1 - Method for producing a sliding block of a hydrostatic displacement machine - Google Patents
Method for producing a sliding block of a hydrostatic displacement machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3309392B1 EP3309392B1 EP17193761.8A EP17193761A EP3309392B1 EP 3309392 B1 EP3309392 B1 EP 3309392B1 EP 17193761 A EP17193761 A EP 17193761A EP 3309392 B1 EP3309392 B1 EP 3309392B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sliding shoe
- component
- sliding
- ball joint
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 241000309551 Arthraxon hispidus Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B1/2014—Details or component parts
- F04B1/2035—Cylinder barrels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/122—Details or component parts, e.g. valves, sealings or lubrication means
- F04B1/124—Pistons
- F04B1/126—Piston shoe retaining means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B1/2014—Details or component parts
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a sliding shoe of a hydrostatic displacement machine, in particular an axial piston machine, which can be articulated to a pressurized piston and supports the piston on a stroke-generating running surface, the sliding shoe consisting of a ball joint head with which the sliding shoe is articulated to the piston is, a sliding shoe plate with which the sliding shoe is supported on the running surface, and a sliding shoe neck, which is formed between the ball joint head and the sliding shoe plate.
- Hydrostatic displacement machines in particular axial piston machines, have a sliding bearing point in the region of the support of the pistons on a running surface that generates a stroke.
- the pistons are supported on a running surface that generates a stroke using sliding shoes as support elements.
- the sliding shoes are each articulated to the pressurized piston by means of a ball joint. Due to the high pressing forces resulting from the application of pressure to the pistons, hydrostatic relief can also be formed at the sliding bearing point between the sliding shoes and the running surface.
- Known sliding shoes consist of a ball joint head with which the sliding shoe is attached to the piston in an articulated manner, a sliding shoe plate with which the sliding shoe is supported on the running surface and on which the tribologically favorable layer can be applied, and a sliding shoe neck between the ball joint head and the Slide shoe plate is formed.
- the ball joint head, the sliding shoe neck and the sliding shoe plate are formed from a one-piece steel body.
- the sliding shoes consist of a solid material. If necessary, a tribologically favorable material can be joined to the steel body on the end face of the slide shoe plate.
- Such sliding blocks which are made of solid material and are therefore one-piece, lead to high inertial forces when the displacement machine is in operation with a rotating cylinder drum in which the pistons with the sliding blocks are arranged to be longitudinally displaceable. Due to the high inertia forces, high centrifugal forces occur on the sliding shoes at higher speeds of the cylinder drum when the displacement machine is in operation, which can lead to the sliding shoes tipping off the running surface. Tipping the sliding shoes off the running surface can damage the displacement machine.
- the inertial forces of the sliding shoes can be reduced if the sliding shoe is made of a material with a lower density and lower strength, for example aluminum.
- a sliding shoe made of aluminum leads to a lower power density of the displacement machine, since the pistons can only be subjected to lower pressures.
- the DE 10 2012 108 014 A1 discloses a hydrostatic displacement unit in which the pistons are supported on a stroke-generating running surface by means of sliding shoes which are hingedly attached to the pistons.
- the sliding shoes are designed as hollow bodies to reduce the inertia forces and centrifugal forces.
- the sliding shoe designed as a hollow body can also be made in several parts and the components of the sliding shoe can be welded to one another, for example by means of electron beam welding, laser welding or friction welding.
- the EP 1 262 269 A1 discloses joining two components of a vehicle frame, which have a large axial overlap area, by means of magnetic pulse welding by energizing several coils one after the other.
- the present invention is based on the object of providing a method for producing a sliding shoe of the type mentioned at the outset, with which a sliding shoe can be produced with little manufacturing effort which has low inertia forces at high speeds.
- the sliding shoe is formed from several components of different densities, the components being connected to form the sliding shoe by magnetic pulse welding.
- the sliding shoe which consists of the ball joint head, the sliding shoe plate and the sliding shoe neck, is formed by several and thus at least two components which have different densities.
- the components and thus materials of different densities are welded to form a sliding shoe by magnetic pulse welding. With magnetic pulse forming, a magnetic pulse is generated, through whose energy input components and thus materials of different densities can be welded together with little manufacturing effort.
- Magnetic pulse welding of several components of different densities to form a sliding shoe makes it possible to manufacture a lightweight sliding shoe with little manufacturing effort, on which only low inertia and centrifugal forces act at high speeds.
- the sliding shoe according to the invention the inertial forces acting on the sliding shoe at high speeds are reduced, whereby the running of the sliding shoes according to the invention on the running surface can be improved and tilting of the sliding shoes from the running surface can be prevented.
- the sliding shoe is formed from a first component, on which the ball joint head is formed, and from a second component, on which the sliding shoe neck and the sliding shoe plate are formed, wherein the first component and the second component are connected to the sliding shoe by magnetic pulse welding and thus welded.
- the sliding shoe is formed from a first component on which the ball joint head and the sliding shoe neck are formed, and from a second component on which the sliding shoe plate is formed, the first component and the second component through Magnetic pulse welding connected to the slide shoe and thus welded.
- the second component can, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, be formed as a circular plate or as an annular disc.
- the first component consists of a material of higher strength, in particular steel
- the second component consists of a material of lower strength, in particular brass or aluminum.
- the first component which is provided with the ball joint head and consists of a material of higher strength
- a high level of strength is achieved on the ball joint between the piston and sliding shoe, so that the pistons can be subjected to high pressures and thus a high power density of the displacement machine is achieved can be.
- the second component which consists of a material with lower strength and lower density, it is possible to reduce the inertia forces acting on the sliding shoe at high speeds of the displacement machine.
- a hydrostatic displacement machine 1 with sliding shoes 6 of the prior art is shown in a longitudinal section.
- the illustrated embodiment shows an axial piston machine with a swash plate design as an example of a hydrostatic displacement machine 1.
- the displacement machine 1 has a cylinder drum 3 rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation 2, which is provided with several piston recesses 4 arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation 2, which are preferably formed by cylinder bores and in each of which a piston 5 is longitudinally displaceable.
- the pistons 5 are supported in the area protruding from the cylinder drum 3 by means of a sliding shoe 6 as a support element on a stroke-generating running surface 7, which is formed by a swash plate 8 arranged in a rotationally fixed manner about the axis of rotation 2.
- the swash plate 8 can be attached to a housing 9 of the displacement machine 1 - as in FIG Figure 1 is shown - be integrally formed or non-rotatably attached, the displacement machine 1 having a fixed displacement volume.
- the cylinder drum 3 is supported in the axial direction of the displacement machine 1 opposite the running surface 7 on a housing-side distributor 10, which forms a control surface 11.
- the control surface 11 is provided with kidney-shaped control recesses which enable an inlet channel 14 and an outlet channel 13 in the housing 9 to be connected to the piston recesses 4.
- the distributor 10 can be formed by a disk-shaped component which is fastened in a rotationally fixed manner to the housing 9, for example a housing cover 9a of the housing 9.
- the distributor 10 can be integrally formed on the housing 9, for example a housing cover 9a of the housing 9, so that the function of the control surface 11 is integrated into the housing 9, 9a.
- control surface 11 can as in the Figure 1 shown be flat or spherical.
- the cylinder drum 3 is penetrated by a central bore through which a drive shaft 15 arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation 2 passes through the cylinder drum 3 is led.
- the drive shaft 15 is rotatably mounted in the housing 9, 9a by means of bearings 16, 17.
- the cylinder drum 3 is non-rotatably connected to the drive shaft 15 by means of driving teeth 18, but is axially displaceable. Also shown is a pressure spring 19 which presses and supports the cylinder drum 3 in the axial direction on the control surface 11.
- the sliding shoes 6 are connected in an articulated manner to the respective piston 5 by means of a sliding shoe joint designed as a ball joint 25.
- the ball joint 25 between the piston 5 and the sliding block 6 consists of a ball 26 and a dome 27.
- the ball 26 is fastened in the dome 27, for example, by a positive connection in which an edge area of the dome 27 is deformed around the ball 26 to enclose form-fitting.
- the sliding shoes 6 consist of a ball joint head 6a with which the sliding shoe 6 is articulated to the piston 5, a sliding shoe plate 6b with which the sliding shoe 6 is supported on the running surface 7, and a sliding shoe neck 6c, which is located between the ball joint head 6a and the Slide shoe plate 6b is formed.
- the ball joint head 6a, the sliding shoe neck 6c and the sliding shoe plate 6b are formed from a one-piece steel body, so that the sliding shoe 6 consists of a solid material.
- the sliding shoes 6 and the running surface 7 form a sliding bearing point at which a relative movement occurs between the sliding shoes 6 rotating with the cylinder drum 3 and the piston 5 and the running surface 7 that is non-rotatably attached to the housing 9.
- a bearing metal layer 28 for example a brass plate, can be joined as a tribologically favorable bearing metal material to the end face of the sliding shoe plate 6b facing the running surface 7.
- the sliding shoes 6 on the running surface 7 are hydrostatically relieved.
- the hold-down device 20 is designed as a hold-down disk which interacts with contact surfaces on the slide shoe 6.
- the sliding shoes 6 according to the invention in the Figures 2 to 4 are formed by several components B1, B2, of different densities in the illustrated exemplary embodiments, which are connected by magnetic pulse welding to form the sliding block 6 and are thus welded.
- the components B1, B2 are welded to one another by weld seams SW by means of magnetic pulse welding.
- the ball joint head 6a is formed on the first component B1 and the slide shoe neck 6c and the slide shoe plate 6b are formed on the second component B2.
- the two components B1, B2 are connected to one another to form the sliding shoe 6 with a weld SW, which is arranged on the facing end faces between the ball joint head 6a and the sliding shoe neck 6c.
- the ball joint head 6a and the sliding shoe neck 6c are formed on the first component B1 and the sliding shoe plate 6b is formed on the second component B2.
- the second component B2 is designed as a circular plate 30.
- the two components B1, B2 are connected to one another to form the sliding shoe 6 with a weld SW, which is arranged on the facing end faces between the sliding shoe neck 6c and the sliding shoe plate 6b designed as a circular plate 30.
- the second component B2 is designed as an annular disc 31 which is provided with a bore 32 into which the first component B1 with the pin-shaped sliding shoe neck 6c can be inserted.
- the two components B1, B2 with a weld seam SW, which between the outer surface of the sliding shoe neck 6c and the inner wall of the Bore 32 of the slide shoe plate 6b designed as an annular disk 31 is arranged, connected to one another to form the slide shoe 6.
- the first component B1 consists of a material of higher strength, for example steel, and the second component B2 of a material with lower strength, for example brass or aluminum.
- the ball joint head 6a of the sliding blocks 6 is designed as a ball 26 of the ball joint 25.
- the spherical cap 27 of the ball joint 25 is then as in FIG Figure 1 shown, arranged on the piston 5.
- the invention is not limited to this arrangement of the ball 26 and spherical cap 27.
- the ball joint head 6 a of the sliding shoes 6 can be designed as a spherical cap 27 of the ball joint 25.
- the ball 26 of the ball joint 25 is then arranged on the piston 5.
- a contact surface 35 for a hold-down device 20 is also formed in each case.
- the first component B1 on which the ball joint head 6a is arranged consists of a material of higher strength and higher density
- high strength is achieved at the ball joint 25 between piston 5 and sliding shoe 6, see above that the pistons 5 can be subjected to high pressures and thus a high power density of the displacement machine 1 can be achieved.
- the second component B2 consists of a material with lower strength and lower density
- the running of the sliding shoes 6 on the running surface 7 can be improved and the risk of the sliding shoes 6 tipping over from the running surface 7 can be reduced.
- the components B1, B2 of different strengths and different densities can be made into sliding shoes 6 with little manufacturing effort are welded, so that bimetallic and lightweight sliding shoes 6 according to the invention can be produced with little manufacturing effort.
- the two components B1, B2 are inserted into an annular coil in the area of the joint, on which a magnetic field (electromagnetic pulse) is generated during magnetic pulse welding.
- a magnetic field electromagnettic pulse
- the weld seam SW is produced between the two components B1, B2.
- Sliding shoes 6 produced according to the invention can also be used in axial piston machines of bent axis design or in radial piston machines.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gleitschuhs einer hydrostatischen Verdrängermaschine, insbesondere einer Axialkolbenmaschine, der an einem druckbeaufschlagten Kolben gelenkig befestigbar ist und den Kolben an einer huberzeugenden Lauffläche abstützt, wobei der Gleitschuh aus einem Kugelgelenkkopf, mit dem der Gleitschuh an dem Kolben gelenkig befestigt ist, einer Gleitschuhplatte, mit der der Gleitschuh an der Lauffläche abgestützt ist, und einem Gleitschuhhals besteht, der zwischen dem Kugelgelenkkopf und der Gleitschuhplatte ausgebildet ist.The invention relates to a method for producing a sliding shoe of a hydrostatic displacement machine, in particular an axial piston machine, which can be articulated to a pressurized piston and supports the piston on a stroke-generating running surface, the sliding shoe consisting of a ball joint head with which the sliding shoe is articulated to the piston is, a sliding shoe plate with which the sliding shoe is supported on the running surface, and a sliding shoe neck, which is formed between the ball joint head and the sliding shoe plate.
Hydrostatische Verdrängermaschinen, insbesondere Axialkolbenmaschinen, weisen im Bereich der Abstützung der Kolben an einer huberzeugenden Lauffläche eine Gleitlagerstelle auf. Diese Abstützung der Kolben an einer huberzeugenden Lauffläche erfolgt über Gleitschuhe als Abstützelemente. Die Gleitschuhe sind an den druckbeaufschlagten Kolben jeweils mittels eines Kugelgelenks gelenkig befestigt. Aufgrund der hohen anpressenden und aus der Druckbeaufschlagung der Kolben resultierenden Kräfte kann zusätzlich eine hydrostatische Entlastung an der Gleitlagerstelle zwischen den Gleitschuhen und der Lauffläche ausgebildet sein. Um die Gleiteigenschaften des Gleitschuhs bei der Relativbewegung an der drehfesten Lauffläche zu verbessern und einen geringen Verschleiß zu erzielen, vor allem in einer Anlaufphase bis zum Aufbau einer hydrostatischen Entlastung, ist es bereits bekannt, an den Stirnflächen der Gleitschuhe, mit denen der entsprechende Gleitschuh an der Lauffläche als Gegenpart abgestützt ist, eine tribologisch günstige Schicht vorzusehen, die mit dem Werkstoff der Lauffläche eine für die Gleiteigenschaften günstige Paarung bildet.Hydrostatic displacement machines, in particular axial piston machines, have a sliding bearing point in the region of the support of the pistons on a running surface that generates a stroke. The pistons are supported on a running surface that generates a stroke using sliding shoes as support elements. The sliding shoes are each articulated to the pressurized piston by means of a ball joint. Due to the high pressing forces resulting from the application of pressure to the pistons, hydrostatic relief can also be formed at the sliding bearing point between the sliding shoes and the running surface. In order to improve the sliding properties of the sliding shoe during the relative movement on the non-rotatable running surface and to achieve low wear, especially in a start-up phase until the build-up of hydrostatic relief, it is already known that the end faces of the sliding shoes with which the corresponding sliding shoe is attached the running surface is supported as a counterpart to provide a tribologically favorable layer which forms a pairing which is favorable for the sliding properties with the material of the running surface.
Bekannte Gleitschuhe bestehen aus einem Kugelgelenkkopf, mit dem der Gleitschuh an dem Kolben gelenkig befestigt ist, einer Gleitschuhplatte, mit der der Gleitschuh an der Lauffläche abgestützt ist und an der die tribologisch günstige Schicht aufgebracht sein kann, und einem Gleitschuhhals, der zwischen dem Kugelgelenkkopf und der Gleitschuhplatte ausgebildet ist. Bei bekannten Gleitschuhen ist der Kugelgelenkkopf, der Gleitschuhhals und die Gleitschuhplatte von einem einteiligen Stahlkörper gebildet. Die Gleitschuhe bestehen somit aus einem Vollmaterial. Sofern erforderlich, kann an der Stirnseite der Gleitschuhplatte noch ein tribologisch günstiges Material auf den Stahlkörper gefügt werden.Known sliding shoes consist of a ball joint head with which the sliding shoe is attached to the piston in an articulated manner, a sliding shoe plate with which the sliding shoe is supported on the running surface and on which the tribologically favorable layer can be applied, and a sliding shoe neck between the ball joint head and the Slide shoe plate is formed. In known sliding shoes, the ball joint head, the sliding shoe neck and the sliding shoe plate are formed from a one-piece steel body. The sliding shoes consist of a solid material. If necessary, a tribologically favorable material can be joined to the steel body on the end face of the slide shoe plate.
Derartige aus Vollmaterial bestehende und somit einteilige Gleitschuhe führen im Betrieb der Verdrängermaschine bei einer rotierenden Zylindertrommel, in der die Kolben mit den Gleitschuhen längsverschiebbar angeordnet sind, zu hohen Massenkräften. Aufgrund der hohen Massenkräfte treten an den Gleitschuhen bei höheren Drehzahlen der Zylindertrommel im Betrieb der Verdrängermaschine hohe Fliehkräfte auf, die zum Abkippen der Gleitschuhe von der Lauffläche führen können. Das Abkippen der Gleitschuhe von der Lauffläche kann zu Beschädigungen an der Verdrängermaschine führen. Die Massenkräfte der Gleitschuhe können verringert werden, wenn der Gleitschuh aus einem Material mit geringerer Dichte und geringerer Festigkeit hergestellt wird, beispielsweise Aluminium. Da jedoch an dem Kugelgelenk zwischen Kolben und Gleitschuh aufgrund der Kräfte an den druckbeaufschlagten Kolben hohe Belastungen auftreten, führt ein aus Aluminium hergestellter Gleitschuh zu einer geringeren Leistungsdichte der Verdrängermaschine, da die Kolben nur von geringeren Drücken beaufschlagt werden können.Such sliding blocks, which are made of solid material and are therefore one-piece, lead to high inertial forces when the displacement machine is in operation with a rotating cylinder drum in which the pistons with the sliding blocks are arranged to be longitudinally displaceable. Due to the high inertia forces, high centrifugal forces occur on the sliding shoes at higher speeds of the cylinder drum when the displacement machine is in operation, which can lead to the sliding shoes tipping off the running surface. Tipping the sliding shoes off the running surface can damage the displacement machine. The inertial forces of the sliding shoes can be reduced if the sliding shoe is made of a material with a lower density and lower strength, for example aluminum. However, since high loads occur on the ball joint between the piston and sliding shoe due to the forces on the pressurized piston, a sliding shoe made of aluminum leads to a lower power density of the displacement machine, since the pistons can only be subjected to lower pressures.
Die
Aus der
Die
Aus der
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gleitschuhs der eingangs genannten Gattung zur Verfügung zu stellen, mit dem bei geringem Herstellaufwand ein Gleitschuh hergestellt werden kann, der bei hohen Drehzahlen geringe Massenkräfte aufweist.The present invention is based on the object of providing a method for producing a sliding shoe of the type mentioned at the outset, with which a sliding shoe can be produced with little manufacturing effort which has low inertia forces at high speeds.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass der Gleitschuh von mehreren Bauteilen unterschiedlicher Dichte gebildet wird, wobei die Bauteile durch Magnetpulsschweißen zu dem Gleitschuh verbunden werden. Erfindungsgemäß wird somit der Gleitschuh, der aus dem Kugelgelenkkopf, der Gleitschuhplatte und dem Gleitschuhhals besteht, von mehreren und somit mindestens zwei Bauteilen gebildet, die unterschiedliche Dichte aufweisen. Die Bauteile und somit Materialen unterschiedlicher Dichte werden erfindungsgemäß durch Magnetpulsschweißen zu einem Gleitschuh verschweißt. Beim Magnetpulsumformen wird ein magnetischer Puls erzeugt, durch dessen Energieeintrag Bauteile und somit Materialen unterschiedlicher Dichte mit geringem Herstellaufwand miteinander verschweißt werden können. Durch das Magnetpulsschweißen mehrerer Bauteile unterschiedlicher Dichte zu einem Gleitschuh wird es ermöglicht, einen leichten Gleitschuh, auf den bei hohen Drehzahlen nur geringe Massenkräfte und Fliehkräfte wirken, mit geringem Herstellaufwand herzustellen. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Gleitschuh werden die bei hohen Drehzahlen auf den Gleitschuh wirkenden Massenkräfte verringert, wodurch der Lauf der erfindungsgemäßen Gleitschuhe auf der Lauffläche verbessert werden kann und ein Abkippen der Gleitschuhe von der Lauffläche verhindert werden kann.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the sliding shoe is formed from several components of different densities, the components being connected to form the sliding shoe by magnetic pulse welding. According to the invention, the sliding shoe, which consists of the ball joint head, the sliding shoe plate and the sliding shoe neck, is formed by several and thus at least two components which have different densities. According to the invention, the components and thus materials of different densities are welded to form a sliding shoe by magnetic pulse welding. With magnetic pulse forming, a magnetic pulse is generated, through whose energy input components and thus materials of different densities can be welded together with little manufacturing effort. Magnetic pulse welding of several components of different densities to form a sliding shoe makes it possible to manufacture a lightweight sliding shoe with little manufacturing effort, on which only low inertia and centrifugal forces act at high speeds. In the sliding shoe according to the invention, the inertial forces acting on the sliding shoe at high speeds are reduced, whereby the running of the sliding shoes according to the invention on the running surface can be improved and tilting of the sliding shoes from the running surface can be prevented.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird der Gleitschuh aus einem ersten Bauteil, an dem der Kugelgelenkkopf ausgebildet ist, und aus einem zweiten Bauteil gebildet, an dem der Gleitschuhhals und die Gleitschuhplatte ausgebildet sind, wobei das erste Bauteil und das zweite Bauteil durch Magnetpulsschweißen zu dem Gleitschuh verbunden und somit verschweißt werden.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the sliding shoe is formed from a first component, on which the ball joint head is formed, and from a second component, on which the sliding shoe neck and the sliding shoe plate are formed, wherein the first component and the second component are connected to the sliding shoe by magnetic pulse welding and thus welded.
Gemäß einer alternativen und ebenfalls vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird der Gleitschuh aus einem ersten Bauteil, an dem der Kugelgelenkkopf und der Gleitschuhhals ausgebildet sind, und aus einem zweiten Bauteil gebildet, an dem die Gleitschuhplatte ausgebildet ist, wobei das erste Bauteil und das zweite Bauteil durch Magnetpulsschweißen zu dem Gleitschuh verbunden und somit verschweißt werden.According to an alternative and also advantageous embodiment of the invention, the sliding shoe is formed from a first component on which the ball joint head and the sliding shoe neck are formed, and from a second component on which the sliding shoe plate is formed, the first component and the second component through Magnetic pulse welding connected to the slide shoe and thus welded.
Bei einem derartigen Gleitschuh, bei dem an dem zweiten Bauteil nur die Gleitschuhplatte ausgebildet ist, kann das zweite Bauteil gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungsform der Erfindung als kreisförmige Platte oder als ringförmige Scheibe ausgebildet sein.In such a sliding shoe, in which only the sliding shoe plate is formed on the second component, the second component can, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, be formed as a circular plate or as an annular disc.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungsform bestehen das erste Bauteil aus einem Material höherer Festigkeit, insbesondere Stahl, und das zweite Bauteil aus einem Material mit niedrigerer Festigkeit, insbesondere Messing oder Aluminium. An dem ersten Bauteil, das mit dem Kugelgelenkkopf versehen ist und aus einem Material höherer Festigkeit besteht, wird an dem Kugelgelenk zwischen Kolben und Gleitschuh eine hohe Festigkeit erzielt, so dass die Kolben von hohen Drücken beaufschlagt werden können und somit eine hohe Leistungsdichte der Verdrängermaschine erzielt werden kann. Mit dem zweiten Bauteil, das aus einem Material mit niedrigerer Festigkeit und niedrigerer Dichte besteht, wird es ermöglicht, die auf den Gleitschuh bei hohen Drehzahlen der Verdrängermaschine wirkenden Massenkräfte zu verringern.According to an advantageous embodiment, the first component consists of a material of higher strength, in particular steel, and the second component consists of a material of lower strength, in particular brass or aluminum. On the first component, which is provided with the ball joint head and consists of a material of higher strength, a high level of strength is achieved on the ball joint between the piston and sliding shoe, so that the pistons can be subjected to high pressures and thus a high power density of the displacement machine is achieved can be. With the second component, which consists of a material with lower strength and lower density, it is possible to reduce the inertia forces acting on the sliding shoe at high speeds of the displacement machine.
Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand der in den schematischen Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigt
- Figur 1
- eine hydrostatisches Verdrängermaschine des Standes der Technik in einem Längsschnitt,
- Figur 2
- eine erste Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Gleitschuhs,
Figur 3- eine zweite Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Gleitschuhs und
Figur 4- eine dritte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Gleitschuhs.
- Figure 1
- a hydrostatic displacement machine of the prior art in a longitudinal section,
- Figure 2
- a first embodiment of a sliding shoe produced according to the invention,
- Figure 3
- a second embodiment of a sliding shoe produced according to the invention and
- Figure 4
- a third embodiment of a sliding shoe produced according to the invention.
In der
Die Verdrängermaschine 1 weist eine um eine Drehachse 2 drehbar gelagerte Zylindertrommel 3 auf, die mit mehreren konzentrisch zur Drehachse 2 angeordneten Kolbenausnehmungen 4 versehen ist, die bevorzugt von Zylinderbohrungen gebildet sind und in denen jeweils ein Kolben 5 längsverschiebbar gelagert ist.The displacement machine 1 has a
Die Kolben 5 stützen sich in dem aus der Zylindertrommel 3 herausragenden Bereich mittels jeweils eines Gleitschuhs 6 als Abstützelements auf einer huberzeugenden Lauffläche 7 ab, die von einer um die Drehachse 2 drehfest angeordneten Schrägscheibe 8 gebildet ist.The pistons 5 are supported in the area protruding from the
Die Schrägscheibe 8 kann an einem Gehäuse 9 der Verdrängermaschine 1 - wie in der
Es ist alternativ möglich, die Schrägscheibe 8 in der Neigung verstellbar anzuordnen, wodurch die Verdrängermaschine 1 ein veränderbares Verdrängungsvolumen aufweist.Alternatively, it is possible to arrange the inclination of the
Die Zylindertrommel 3 stützt sich in axialer Richtung der Verdrängermaschine 1 gegenüberliegend zu der Lauffläche 7 an einem gehäuseseitigen Verteiler 10 ab, der eine Steuerfläche 11 bildet. Die Steuerfläche 11 ist mit nierenförmigen Steuerausnehmungen versehen, die die Verbindung eines Einlasskanals 14 und eines Auslasskanals 13 im Gehäuse 9 mit den Kolbenausnehmungen 4 ermöglichen.The
Der Verteiler 10 kann von einem scheibenförmigen Bauteil gebildet werden, das an dem Gehäuse 9, beispielsweise einem Gehäusedeckel 9a des Gehäuses 9, drehfest befestigt ist. Alternativ kann der Verteiler 10 an dem Gehäuse 9, beispielsweise einem Gehäusedeckel 9a des Gehäuses 9 einstückig angeformt werden, so dass die Funktion der Steuerfläche 11 in das Gehäuse 9, 9a integriert ist.The
Die Steuerfläche 11 kann wie in der
Die Zylindertrommel 3 ist von einer zentrischen Bohrung durchsetzt, durch die eine konzentrisch zur Drehachse 2 angeordnete Triebwelle 15 durch die Zylindertrommel 3 geführt ist. Die Triebwelle 15 ist mittels Lagerungen 16, 17 im Gehäuse 9, 9a drehbar gelagert.The
Die Zylindertrommel 3 ist mittels einer Mitnahmeverzahnung 18 mit der Triebwelle 15 drehfest, jedoch axial verschiebbar verbunden. Weiterhin dargestellt ist eine Anpressfeder 19, die die Zylindertrommel 3 in axialer Richtung an die Steuerfläche 11 anpresst und abstützt.The
Die Gleitschuhe 6 sind mittels eines als Kugelgelenk 25 ausgebildeten Gleitschuhgelenks mit dem jeweiligen Kolben 5 gelenkig verbunden.The sliding
Das Kugelgelenk 25 zwischen dem Kolben 5 und dem Gleitschuh 6 besteht aus einer Kugel 26 und einer Kalotte 27. Die Befestigung der Kugel 26 in der Kalotte 27 erfolgt beispielsweise durch eine formschlüssige Verbindung, in dem ein Randbereich der Kalotte 27 verformt wird, um die Kugel 26 formschlüssig zu umschließen.The ball joint 25 between the piston 5 and the sliding
Die Gleitschuhe 6 bestehen aus einem Kugelgelenkkopf 6a, mit dem der Gleitschuh 6 an dem Kolben 5 gelenkig befestigt ist, einer Gleitschuhplatte 6b, mit der der Gleitschuh 6 an der Lauffläche 7 abgestützt ist, und einem Gleitschuhhals 6c, der zwischen dem Kugelgelenkkopf 6a und der Gleitschuhplatte 6b ausgebildet ist. Bei bekannten Gleitschuhen 6 des Standes der Technik ist der Kugelgelenkkopf 6a, der Gleitschuhhals 6c und die Gleitschuhplatte 6b von einem einteiligen Stahlkörper gebildet, so dass der Gleitschuh 6 aus einem Vollmaterial besteht.The sliding
Im Betrieb der Verdrängermaschine 1 bei rotierender Zylindertrommel 3 bilden die Gleitschuhe 6 und die Lauffläche 7 eine Gleitlagerstelle, an der zwischen den mit der Zylindertrommel 3 und den Kolben 5 mitrotierenden Gleitschuhen 6 und der drehfest am Gehäuse 9 befestigten Lauffläche 7 eine Relativbewegung auftritt. Zur Verringerung der Reibung und des Verschleißes kann an der der Lauffläche 7 zugewandten Stirnseite der Gleitschuhplatte 6b jeweils eine Lagermetallschicht 28, beispielsweise eine Messingplatte, als tribologisch günstiger Lagermetallwerkstoff gefügt werden. Zusätzlich sind die Gleitschuhe 6 an der Lauffläche 7 hydrostatisch entlastet.When the displacement machine 1 is in operation with the
Ein Abheben und/oder Abkippen der Gleitschuhe 6 von der Lauffläche 7 wird durch eine Niederhaltevorrichtung 20 vermieden. Die Niederhaltevorrichtung 20 ist im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel als Niederhaltescheibe ausgebildet, die mit Anlageflächen an dem Gleitschuh 6 zusammenwirkt.Lifting off and / or tilting of the sliding
In den
Die erfindungsgemäßen Gleitschuhe 6 in den
In dem Ausführungsbeispiel der
In den Ausführungsbeispielen der
In dem Ausführungsbeispiel der
In dem Ausführungsbeispiel der
Bei den Gleitschuhen der
In den
An den zweiten Bauteilen B2, an denen die Gleitschuhplatte 6b ausgebildet ist, ist in den Ausführungsbeispielen der
Bei den erfindungsgemäßen, bimetallischen Gleitschuhen 6, bei denen das erste Bauteil B1, an dem der Kugelgelenkkopf 6a angeordnet ist, aus einem Material höherer Festigkeit und höherer Dichte besteht, wird an dem Kugelgelenk 25 zwischen Kolben 5 und Gleitschuh 6 eine hohe Festigkeit erzielt, so dass die Kolben 5 von hohen Drücken beaufschlagt werden können und somit eine hohe Leistungsdichte der Verdrängermaschine 1 erzielt werden kann. Bei den erfindungsgemäßen, bimetallischen Gleitschuhe 6, bei denen das zweiten Bauteil B2 aus einem Material mit niedrigerer Festigkeit und niedrigerer Dichte besteht, wird es ermöglicht, die auf den Gleitschuh 6 bei hohen Drehzahlen der Verdrängermaschine 1 wirkenden Massenkräfte zu verringern. Durch die verringerten Massenkräfte an den erfindungsgemäßen Gleitschuhen 6 kann der Lauf der Gleitschuhe 6 an der Lauffläche 7 verbessert werden und die Gefahr des Abkippens der Gleitschuhe 6 von der Lauffläche 7 verringert werden.In the case of the bimetallic sliding
Durch Magnetpulsschweißen können die Bauteile B1, B2 unterschiedlicher Festigkeit und unterschiedlicher Dichte mit geringem Herstellaufwand zu Gleitschuhen 6 verschweißt werden, so dass erfindungsgemäße bimetallische und leichte Gleitschuhe 6 mit geringem Herstellaufwand hergestellt werden können.By means of magnetic pulse welding, the components B1, B2 of different strengths and different densities can be made into sliding
Die beiden Bauteile B1, B2 werden hierzu im Bereich der Fügestelle in eine ringförmige Spule eingeführt, an der beim Magnetpulsschweißen ein Magnetfeld (elektromagnetischer Puls) erzeugt wird. Durch Aufbringen des Magnetfeldes beim Magnetpulsumformen wird die Schweißnaht SW zwischen den beiden Bauteilen B1, B2 erzeugt.For this purpose, the two components B1, B2 are inserted into an annular coil in the area of the joint, on which a magnetic field (electromagnetic pulse) is generated during magnetic pulse welding. By applying the magnetic field during magnetic pulse forming, the weld seam SW is produced between the two components B1, B2.
Erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Gleitschuhe 6 können ebenfalls bei Axialkolbenmaschine in Schrägachsenbauweise oder bei Radialkolbenmaschinen Verwendung finden.Sliding
Claims (5)
- Method for producing a sliding shoe (6) of a hydrostatic positive-displacement machine (1), in particular of an axial piston machine, which can be fastened to a pressure-loaded piston (5) in an articulated manner and supports the piston (5) on a stroke-generating running surface (7), wherein the sliding shoe (6) consists of a ball joint head (6a), with which the sliding shoe (6) is fastened to the piston (5) in an articulated manner, a sliding shoe plate (6b), with which the sliding shoe (6) is supported on the running surface (7), and a sliding shoe neck (6c), which is configured between the ball joint head (6a) and the sliding shoe plate (6b), characterized in that the sliding shoe (6) is formed by a plurality of components (B1, B2) of differing density, wherein these components (B1, B2) are connected to form the sliding shoe (6) by magnetic pulse welding.
- Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sliding shoe (6) is formed from a first component (B1), on which the ball joint head (6a) is configured, and from a second component (B2), on which the sliding shoe neck (6c) and the sliding shoe plate (6b) are configured, wherein the first component (B1) and the second component (B2) are connected to form the sliding shoe (6) by magnetic pulse welding.
- Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sliding shoe (6) is formed from a first component (B1), on which the ball joint head (6a) and the sliding shoe neck (6c) are configured, and from a second component (B2), on which the sliding shoe plate (6b) is configured, wherein the first component (B1) and the second component (B2) are connected to form the sliding shoe (6) by magnetic pulse welding.
- Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the second component (B2) is configured as a circular plate (30) or as a ring-shaped disc (31).
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first component (B1) consists of a material of higher strength, in particular steel, and the second component (B2) consists of a material of lower strength, in particular brass or aluminium.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102016119415.8A DE102016119415A1 (en) | 2016-10-12 | 2016-10-12 | Method for producing a sliding block of a hydrostatic displacement machine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3309392A1 EP3309392A1 (en) | 2018-04-18 |
EP3309392B1 true EP3309392B1 (en) | 2021-11-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP17193761.8A Active EP3309392B1 (en) | 2016-10-12 | 2017-09-28 | Method for producing a sliding block of a hydrostatic displacement machine |
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EP (1) | EP3309392B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016119415A1 (en) |
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CH716310B1 (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2023-03-15 | Urben & Kyburz Ag | Component for a piston engine and method for manufacturing the component. |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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IL149873A0 (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2002-11-10 | Dana Corp | Method for performing a magnetic pulse welding operation |
DE10306792B4 (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2007-03-22 | Valeo Compressor Europe Gmbh | Piston, in particular for an axial piston compressor, and method for producing the same |
DE102008012761B4 (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2016-07-07 | Ab Skf | Component of a rolling bearing and Verfehren for producing the device |
DE102012108014A1 (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-06 | Linde Hydraulics Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sliding shoe for hydrostatic axial piston machine, has central tube portion that is surrounded by cavity extending from the ball joint to pressure pocket |
-
2016
- 2016-10-12 DE DE102016119415.8A patent/DE102016119415A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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