EP3309327A1 - Transport anchor - Google Patents

Abstract

Transport anchor (20) for double walls, comprising a bow-shaped body, with an arcuate central portion (24) for suspending stop means, two of the central portion (24) outgoing, substantially parallel to each other extending armature leg (26), one between the armature legs (26) arranged pressure element (28). According to the invention, the pressure element (28) consists of a castable hardening material, preferably concrete.

Description

• einen bügelförmigen Grundkörper mit
  • einem bogenförmigen Zentralabschnitt zum Einhängen von Anschlagmitteln,
  • zwei vom Zentralabschnitt ausgehenden, sich im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander erstreckenden Ankerschenkeln,
• ein zwischen den Ankerschenkeln angeordnetes Druckelement.

The present invention relates to a transport anchor for double walls, comprising

• a bow-shaped body with
  • an arcuate central section for suspending stop means,
  • two anchor legs extending from the central section and extending substantially parallel to one another,
• an arranged between the anchor legs pressure element.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing such a transport anchor.

Such transport and installation anchors are used for the transport of so-called double walls. They are usually poured into the precast concrete industry in concrete walls and serve on the one hand as a transport device to the stop means can be hung, on the other hand as a spacer during the concreting process.

During the transport process great forces act on the transport anchor. In order to avoid that the armature legs move toward each other and in the worst case, detach themselves from the walls, the pressure element for absorbing forces is arranged between them.

For example, from the document DE 100 38 249 B4 a transport anchor known in which the pressure element is formed of steel and welded onto the anchor legs. The mentioned large forces act on the transport of the double walls on this weakened area, whereby the risk of tearing of the welds, and thus the subsequent excessive deformation of the lifting anchor is very high. A similar pressure element made of steel goes from the publication EP 3 029 220 A1 out. In this, the pressure element is preferably used by spot welding. The welding process also locally changes and weakens the surrounding material, which also reduces stability. In both cases, the welded joints can break out lead the transport anchor from the concrete, which in turn can cause the crash of the precast concrete part.

For this reason, transport anchors are known, which instead of a pressure element not made of steel, but of a resilient material, such as wood. Wood is able to absorb the forces that occur, but does not detach itself from the anchor legs. The disadvantage, however, is that wood can absorb liquid, which leads to a rotting of the printing element on the one hand, but can also freeze and expand on the other hand. Both is disadvantageous because then in the aftermath still damage in the double wall or the precast concrete part can be adjusted.

The object of the invention is to provide a lifting anchor, which does not have the above-mentioned disadvantages. The transport anchor should still be inexpensive to produce and enable safe use. Furthermore, the transport anchor should not lead to damage or disadvantages even if it remains in the double wall later. The object is further to propose a method for producing such a transport anchor.

The object of the invention is achieved in that the pressure element consists of a castable curing material. An inventive method for issuing such a transport anchor results from the independent method claim.

The pressure element according to the invention is poured individually and adapted to the transport anchor to be manufactured. Castable materials are understood as meaning those which, on curing, change from a liquid or pasty phase into a solid phase. In particular, offer the use of concrete, since then the pressure element is made of the same material as the double walls, in which it is cast. Thus, even after installation of the double walls no physical differences or disadvantages between the double walls and the pressure element. In the following, the invention will be explained by way of example for the use of concrete as a production material for the pressure element.

Advantageously, the pressure element is connected in the same way with the anchor legs, as well as the double walls themselves. This has the advantage that occurring forces act equally and be distributed. In contrast to a very stiff steel or even a pressure element made of wood, there are no deviating conditions in the transition region between the armature legs and the pressure element. In contrast, the use of steel or wood pressure elements causes a very rigid and stiff behavior in this transition region, which in turn can lead to compensating movements of the armature legs and thus to a detachment from the double walls. The local welding-induced local change in the weld area and the breaking of welds is usually excluded.

The pressure element of concrete according to the invention is also waterproof, a transition of moisture through the pressure element from a double wall to the other is thus prevented. This is not the case in particular with pressure elements made of wood and with tubular, inside hollow pressure elements made of steel.

In principle, the pressure element may have any desired cross-section, in particular round, oval, right-angled or triangular cross-sections are suitable.

The pressure element may be made entirely of concrete, but it may also be offset with a reinforcing material. For example, corresponding fibers, nets or other elements of steel or a tensile alternative material may be provided.

The pressure element can be arranged in the region of the transport anchor, in which the anchor legs extend substantially parallel to each other. Preferably, however, the pressure element can also be arranged in a transition region between the arcuate central section and the anchor legs extending parallel to one another. Finally, an arrangement within the arcuate central portion is conceivable.

The central portion may be formed by two straight, mutually running leg portions which are connected to each other via a relatively short arc. Thus, the central portion has a total of approximately a triangular Shape up. Alternatively, starting from the transition region, the arcuate base body can also run curved over its entire length.

The anchor legs may be made straight over their entire length, but alternatively they may also have free end portions formed from the otherwise straight extension of the anchor legs. The deformation can take place in all directions, for example, toward each other, away from each other, or parallel to each other, or in different directions.

The main body is usually formed of steel. According to the invention, however, this can also consist of a wire or wire rope. It is preferable to use a stainless steel cable, such as a galvanized steel cable, but it is also conceivable to use a sufficiently strong rope, such as Kevlar or carbon. The use of a cable or rope makes manufacturing easier and faster due to its flexibility. Since a wire or steel cable consists of a plurality of strands or wires, the use of the transport anchor according to the invention is safer. Usually not all strands break at the same time, but individually, so that there is often time left to settle the double walls before the rope breaks completely.

In addition, the production of such a transport anchor is easy and inexpensive, a process that uses only a single material is basically logistical and manufacturing technology advantageous.

According to the invention, the pressure element may have a length which does not protrude beyond a maximum width of the base body. The pressure element is thus arranged between the two anchor legs. For this purpose, the pressure element can have grooves at its two free ends, through which in each case an armature leg extends.

In a second variant of the invention, the pressure element may have a length which exceeds the maximum width of the base body. In this case, therefore, the free ends of the pressure element protrude laterally beyond the base body. The pressure element can each anchor leg a have through opening, through which the respective armature leg extends through, alternatively, correspondingly deep grooves are conceivable.

Preferably, the openings for the passage of the main body or the anchor legs can be oblique or offset from each other, so that the armature legs are passed at an angle through the pressure element and not parallel to each other. In the direction of their free ends, the distance of the two armature legs increases towards each other. This is particularly advantageous if the base body is formed by a flexible steel cable. In this case, the arcuate central portion deforms above the pressure element during lifting of the component to be transported. The arcuate central section is stretched. Under load, the armature legs thus run straight through the pressure element due to the oblique openings.

Furthermore, it can be provided according to the invention that the pressure element is either stationary, so immovably connected to the body, but it can also be provided that this along the armature leg at least to each other.

The main body of a transport anchor according to the invention can preferably be shortened by the fact that the free ends have cross-sectional reinforcements, for example in the form of pipe sections or cylindrical bodies. As a result, the connection of the main body or the armature leg is improved with the respective double wall. The cross-sectional reinforcements can also be made of a different material.

In order to prevent the anchor legs floating during installation in the double wall, may advantageously be additionally provided a fixedly connected or removable fixing element, which runs approximately parallel to the pressure element. This can also be made of steel, but also made of plastic or other suitable material.

Alternatively, it may also be advantageous if the free ends of the anchor legs taper. This facilitates the insertion of the anchors in the double walls, especially if they have a Stahlbewährung.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment variant, the pressure element in its course on a separating body, which divides the pressure element, so to speak, into two areas. This separating element can cause a thermal decoupling, which in turn is advantageous for the durability of the transport anchor, in particular after installation of the double walls. The separator is made of a material that is able to absorb the high forces. In particular, for example, offers a disk of a correspondingly resistant plastic, which has a low thermal conductivity.

The preparation of a transport anchor according to the invention may preferably be carried out in that the pressure element is first prefabricated and then connected to the base body. In a particularly advantageous embodiment variant, the method step of manufacturing the printing element can also be combined with the assembly with the base body. Thus, in only one method step, the pressure element is manufactured, arranged in the base body and fixed with this. The production of the printing element can be done with the help of a losierbaren and a captive form. The shape can be made in several parts or in one piece.

The pressure element can preferably be produced by filling a tubular, cylindrical basic shape with concrete. After curing of the concrete, the basic shape, which consists for example of plastic, remain on the pressure element. Even before filling with concrete, the basic shape is preferably connected to the main body or with the anchor legs. This method is quick and easy, but has the disadvantage that when filling or pouring the basic form liquid concrete material can flow through the openings for the body. This is particularly due to the fact that the openings must have a slightly larger diameter than the anchor legs.

In an alternative embodiment, the cylindrical basic shape is made in several parts. To a cylindrical base body close to the end of each cover elements with openings for the passage of the anchor legs. The cover elements are substantially cup-shaped and are attached with their open side to the ends of the cylindrical base body. An essential The advantage is that the three elements are easier to produce than a single basic shape.

The free end surfaces of the cylindrical base body can be made parallel to each other and arranged, but they can also run obliquely to each other. In the latter case, the plug-in cover elements also have inclined surfaces on their side facing the base body, so that in the assembled state of the three elements a consistently straight shape results. Preferably, the openings for the passage of the main body or the anchor legs are arranged obliquely or offset from one another, so that the armature legs are passed at an angle through the pressure element and not parallel to each other.

The invention relates to the use of concrete, but in principle also other materials can be used, which consist of concrete according to a material that passes from a liquid or wet phase into a solid phase.

Fig. 1:

Zwei Ausführungsvarianten eines erfindungsgemäßen Transportankers in perspektivischer Darstellung,

Fig. 2:

die Transportanker aus Figur 1 in Draufsicht,

Fig. 3:

eine zweite Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen Transportankers in perspektivischer Darstellung,

Fig. 4:

den Transportanker aus Figur 3 in Draufsicht,

Fig. 5

eine dritte Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Transportankers in perspektivischer Darstellung,

Fig. 6

den Transportanker aus Figur 5 in Draufsicht,

Fig. 7:

eine vierte Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Transportankers in perspektivischer Darstellung,

Fig. 8:

den Transportanker aus Figur 7 in Draufsicht,

Fig. 9:

eine fünfte Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Transportankers in perspektivischer Darstellung,

Fig. 10:

den Transportanker aus Figur 9 in Draufsicht,

Fig. 11:

eine sechste Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Transportankers in perspektivischer Darstellung,

Fig. 12:

den Transportanker aus Figur 11 in Draufsicht,

Fig. 13:

eine siebte Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Transportankers in perspektivischer Darstellung.

Fig. 14:

den Transportanker aus Figur 13 in Draufsicht.

Fig. 15:

eine achte Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Transportankers in perspektivischer Darstellung,

Fig 16:

eine Ausschnittvergrößerung des Bereichs A aus Fig. 15,

Fig. 17:

einen erfindungsgemäßen Transportanker mit Fixierungselement in perspektivischer Darstellung,

Fig. 18:

den Transportanker aus Fig. 17 in Draufsicht,

Fig. 19:

eine neunte Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Transportankers in perspektivischer Darstellung,

Fig. 20:

den Transportanker aus Figur 18 in Draufsicht,

Fig. 21:

eine weitere Variante eines erfindungsgemäßen Transportankers.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures. These show various embodiments of a transport anchor according to the invention, wherein further forms are conceivable. Show it:

Fig. 1:

Two variants of a transport anchor invention in perspective,

Fig. 2:

the transport anchors off FIG. 1 in plan view,

3:

a second embodiment of a transport anchor according to the invention in a perspective view,

4:

the transport anchor off FIG. 3 in plan view,

Fig. 5

a third embodiment of the transport anchor according to the invention in a perspective view,

Fig. 6

the transport anchor off FIG. 5 in plan view,

Fig. 7:

a fourth embodiment of the invention transport anchor in perspective view,

Fig. 8:

the transport anchor off FIG. 7 in plan view,

Fig. 9:

a fifth embodiment of the transport anchor according to the invention in a perspective view,

Fig. 10:

the transport anchor off FIG. 9 in plan view,

Fig. 11:

a sixth embodiment of the transport anchor according to the invention in a perspective view,

Fig. 12:

the transport anchor off FIG. 11 in plan view,

Fig. 13:

a seventh embodiment of the transport anchor according to the invention in a perspective view.

Fig. 14:

the transport anchor off FIG. 13 in plan view.

Fig. 15:

an eighth embodiment of the transport anchor according to the invention in a perspective view,

Fig. 16:

a detail enlargement of the area A from Fig. 15 .

Fig. 17:

a transport anchor according to the invention with fixing element in perspective,

Fig. 18:

the transport anchor off Fig. 17 in plan view,

Fig. 19:

a ninth embodiment of the invention transport anchor in perspective view,

Fig. 20:

the transport anchor off FIG. 18 in plan view,

Fig. 21:

a further variant of a transport anchor according to the invention.

The FIGS. 1 to 20 show different variants of a transport anchor 20. This has a main body with an arcuate central portion 24 and adjoining, mutually parallel armature legs 26. Furthermore, a pressure element 28 arranged between the armature legs 26 is shown.

The Figures 1 and 2 illustrate further that a length L of the pressure element 28 in the illustrated embodiment exceeds a minimum width B of the transport armature 20 and the body. Alternatively, however, the pressure element 28 may also be designed such that it does not exceed the width B of the transporter 20.

According to the invention, the base body is preferably made of steel, a steel cable or a rope of another resistant, suitable material. The pressure element 28 is formed of concrete.

The pressure element 28 may be arranged according to the invention at different points in the course of the body. The Figures 1 and 2 show exemplary two positioning possibilities, namely in a transition region 30 between the armature legs 26 and the arcuate central portion, or between the mutually parallel armature legs 26. Regardless of the embodiments shown, the pressure element 28 may also be at a greater distance to the transition region 30 between the armature legs 26 or be arranged within the arcuate central portion 24.

The arcuate central portion 24 may have a substantially triangular shape formed by two straight leg portions 32 which merge into a relatively narrow arc 34. Alternatively, the arcuate central portion 24 may also be performed overall arcuate, such as in the FIGS. 3 to 6 shown.

The armature legs 26 may be performed conically or tapered at one end at their free ends, but also cross-sectional reinforcements 36 may be provided at the free ends. The FIGS. 5 to 12 show various embodiments of such cross-sectional reinforcements 36 in combination with different arcuate central sections 24. It is explicitly noted that further combinations are conceivable and useful. The cross-sectional reinforcements 36 may be made of the same material as the main body, but they may also be made of other materials.

The FIGS. 13 and 14 illustrate a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention. In the course of the pressure element 28, a separating body 38 is provided, which divides the pressure element 28 into two separate regions, a first pressure element section 40 and a second pressure element section 42. The separating body 38 serves in particular for the thermal decoupling of the two pressure element sections 40, 42. This effectively prevents an undesired cold bridge between the two double walls.

By way of example, the show FIGS. 15 and 16 the use of a reinforcing element within the pressure element 28. Shown is a wire body 46, each surrounding an armature leg 26. The wire body 46 reinforced on the one hand the pressure element 28, but also causes a better attachment to the armature leg 26. In addition to the wire body 46 or alternatively to this, the pressure element 28 may have further elements for reinforcement, such as braids, fibers made of steel or plastic.

The FIGS. 17 and 18 show a fixing element 48 which extends substantially parallel to the pressure element 28 and the two armature legs 26 in their position or this under bias to each other. By connecting, preferably welding the fixing element 48 with the two armature legs 26, the total length of the armature leg 26 and thus the entire lifting armature 20 can be shortened.

By way of example, the show FIGS. 19 and 20 a variant in which the free ends of the armature legs 26 are formed out of the substantially straight extending direction of the armature legs 26. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the armature legs 26 each have an end section 50 extending transversely to the actual course of the armature legs. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the end sections 50 extend at right angles in different directions, but alternatively they can also taper towards one another or at other angles away from the armature legs 26.

FIG. 21 shows a further advantageous embodiment of the invention. The pressure element 28 is formed in a basic shape, which is designed in three parts. The basic shape is filled with concrete and remains on the transport anchor 20, it has a base body 60 and two cover elements 62.

To the cylindrical base body 60, the cover members 62 close with openings 52 for the passage of the armature legs 26 at the end. The cover elements 62 are designed essentially cup-shaped and are attached with their open side to the ends of the cylindrical base body 60.

The free end surfaces of the cylindrical base body 60 extend in the embodiment shown at an angle to each other. In the latter case, the plug-in cover elements 62 also have inclined surfaces on their side facing the base body 60, so that in the assembled state of the three elements 60, 62 a consistently straight shape results. The openings 52 through which the anchor legs 26 extend obliquely or offset from each other, so that the armature legs 26 are passed at an angle through the pressure element 28 and not parallel to each other. In the illustrated embodiment, the base body is formed of a steel cable.

The figures show various advantageous embodiments of the invention. The combinations shown are not exhaustive, but they can be combined with each other in any way. For example, any type of arcuate central portion 24 can be combined with all the different variants of the arrangement of the pressure element 28 or even different reinforcing elements or end portions 50.

In the exemplary embodiments shown, the armature legs 26 extend through openings 52 of the respective pressure element 28. Alternatively, it is also possible for end-shaped grooves (not shown) to be provided.

Claims (18)

Transport anchor (20) for double walls, comprising - A bow-shaped body, with - An arcuate central portion (24) for suspending stop means, two armature legs (26) extending from the central section (24) and extending essentially parallel to each other, a pressure element (28) arranged between the armature legs (26), characterized in that the pressure element (28) consists of a castable hardening material, preferably concrete. Transport anchor (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure element (28) has a cross-sectional shape from the group round, oval, rectangular or triangular. Transport anchor (20) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressure element (28) in a transition region (30) between the central portion (24) and the armature legs (26) is arranged. Transport anchor (20) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressure element (28) in the course of mutually parallel armature legs (26) is arranged. Transport anchor (20) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a length L of the pressure element (28) is shorter than a width B of the transport anchor (20). Transport anchor (20) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the length L of the pressure element (28) is greater than the width B of the transport armature (20), so that the pressure element (28) projects laterally beyond the base body. Transport anchor (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pressure element (28) has openings (52) through which extends in each case an armature leg (26). Transport anchor (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pressure element (28) has at its end in each case a groove through which in each case an armature leg (26) extends. Transport anchor (20) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pressure element (28) comprises reinforcing means. Transport anchor (20) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in the course of the pressure element (28) a thermally insulating separating body (38) is provided, the pressure element (28) in a first pressure element section (40) and a second pressure element section (42). Transport anchor (20) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the base body is formed of steel. Transport anchor (20) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the base body is formed of steel cable. Transport anchor (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a fixing element (48) is provided which extends substantially parallel to the pressure element (28) and the anchor legs (26) fixed in position. Transport anchor (20) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the anchor legs (26) at their free ends cross-sectional reinforcements (36). Transport anchor (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the armature legs (26) at their free ends each have an end portion (50) extending transversely to the substantially straight extension of the armature leg (26). Method for producing a transport anchor (20), characterized by the method steps - Producing a bow-shaped base body with an arcuate central portion (24) and two from the central portion (24) outgoing, substantially parallel to each other extending armature legs (26), Producing a pressure element (28) from a castable hardening material, preferably concrete, - Arranging and connecting the pressure element (28) with the main body. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the pressure element (28) is prefabricated and then connected to the base body. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the production of the pressure element (28) and the connection of the pressure element (28) with the base body in a single process step.

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