EP2478163B1 - Embeddable anchor rail - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a pourable anchor rail, the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.

Such anchor channels are used to create flexible attachment points on a cast component, eg. As concrete, previously in the formwork of the component, eg. As a wall or a ceiling, inserted and poured in the casting of the component in this. Fastening elements are fixed directly to the anchor channels by means of rail nuts, rear grip parts or hammer head bolts. The loads are transferred via the rail geometry and the anchor elements into the hardened component.

From the DE 35 31 998 A1 is a pourable anchor rail with a rail body and anchored thereto anchor elements known. The rail body has a extending in the longitudinal extent of the rail body, rectangular receiving space which is accessible via a limited opening edges of mounting and laterally from opposite side walls and opposite the mounting opening is bounded by a rear wall. The side walls enclose a right angle with a plane defined by the mounting opening.

In addition to tensile forces acting perpendicular to the plane defined by the mounting hole level and which are easily introduced via the anchor elements in the component, transverse forces acting on an armature rail cast in the component and lateral forces acting obliquely on the anchor rail loads acting in one of the Mounting opening clamped plane act.

A disadvantage of the known solution is that, in particular in an arrangement of the anchor rail in an edge region of the component under transverse force load a failure crack occurs, starting from the transition of the side wall to the rear wall runs obliquely to the edge of the component and generates a correspondingly large outbreak (floe) in the component.

Further anchor channels for concrete are from the GB 1 020 471 A , of the US Pat. No. 3,156,450 A , of the US Pat. No. 1,502,766 A , of the US 1 260 331 A , of the US 1 710 422 A , of the GB 892 555 A , of the US 3,364,641 A and the US 3,375,623 A. known. These known anchor rails have on their rail body on the outside projections or edges.

The object of the invention is to provide a pourable anchor rail, which has an improved carrying capacity with respect to transverse forces.

The object is solved by the features of the independent claim. Advantageous developments are set forth in the subclaims.

According to the invention, a crack initiator means is provided on at least one of the sidewalls.

By the crack initiator means two cracks are generated in a near-edge arrangement of the anchor rail and under load by lateral forces in the component instead of a crack, which do not intersect and therefore do not affect each other. In this case, the crack initiator means arranged on the at least one side wall ensures a controlled formation of the first crack and thus also of the second crack. By the first of the second crack formation different cracking two independent break-off cone are generated. With respect to the second crack (failure crack), the position of the significant pressure resultant is displaced away from the surface by a distance defined by the crack initiator means into the component. This results in the eruption in the near-edge region of the component a larger fracture surface than is the case with an anchor rail, is formed in the transverse force load only a crack. As a result, with the same load, the anchor rail according to the invention can be positioned closer to the edge of the component or, with the same edge distance, a higher transverse force can be applied to the cast anchor rail.

At the same time by the defined formation of the cracks a scattering z. B. due to the material properties of the component or the anchor rail or by the distance of the cast anchor rail to the edge of the component or due to inaccuracies in the installation is reduced.

Advantageously, both, opposite side walls are each provided with a crack initiator means, so that in the positioning of the anchor rail in the component no special orientation of the same with respect to the edge of the component is taken into account. In such an embodiment of the anchor rail, the crack initiator means on the side walls are advantageously formed similar.

Preferably, the mounting aperture biases one plane and the crack initiator means is spaced from that plane by a maximum of 0.75 times the overall height of the rail body. Thus arise in accordance with the expected loads, the desired and optimum for the structural behavior cracks, with which the anchor rail can be positioned closer to the edge of the component at the same lateral force compared to the known solutions or at the same edge distance has a higher load capacity with respect to lateral forces.

The crack initiator means is preferably formed by a material reduction provided in regions in the at least one side wall, which forms a joint in the corresponding side wall of the rail body. By this joint deflecting forces are generated under load of the anchor rail, which act on the component and are crack initiation due to the generated splitting effect. The material reduction is provided for example on one side or both sides of the corresponding side wall of the rail body. In a two-sided arrangement, the material reductions are advantageously arranged symmetrically to each other and advantageously designed the same. The material reinforcement is, for example, during molding of the rail body, z. B. in a rolling process, formed directly on the material portion which forms the corresponding side wall in the formed state.

In an alternative embodiment or in addition thereto, the crack initiator means is formed by a material reinforcement provided in regions in the at least one side wall, whereby a notch effect is exerted on the material of the component in the region of the crack initiator means. This notch effect is advantageous, especially in brittle materials, such as concrete, crack initiation. Particularly advantageously, the material reinforcement in cross section has a triangular configuration, so that its tip defines the starting point of the first crack. The material reinforcement is provided for example on one side or on both sides of the corresponding side wall of the rail body. In a two-sided arrangement, the material reinforcements are advantageously arranged symmetrically to each other and advantageously designed the same. The material reinforcement is, for example, during molding of the rail body, z. B. in a rolling process, formed directly on the material portion which forms the corresponding side wall in the formed state. Alternatively, for example, a separate profile with the corresponding cross-sectional configuration of the corresponding side wall material technology, z. B. by welding or soldering, fixed to this.

Furthermore, differently shaped crack initiator means may also be provided on the side walls on a rail body. In addition, at the One type of crack initiator means is provided on the receiving space side of the side walls and another type of crack initiator is arranged on the side of the side walls facing away from the receiving space.

Preferably, the crack initiator is provided on the side facing away from the receiving space of the rail body side of at least one side wall, which on the one hand an advantageous notch effect in the material of the component and thus an advantageously defined formation of the first crack is ensured and on the other hand, the receiving space of the rail body not by inwardly projecting Elements, e.g. B. for the arrangement of Anbindeteile restricted.

In an alternative embodiment, the crack initiator is formed by varying the wall thickness of the at least one side wall, wherein advantageously in the region of the side wall with the lowest material thickness, a joint is formed, which is crack initiating. By varying the wall thickness over the extension of the corresponding side wall of the power flow can be adjusted so that when the deformation of the rail body under load locally increased pressure in the component arise, which initiate the first crack. Further, this makes optimum use of the material of the rail body in relation to transverse and tensile load. The variation of the wall thickness of the corresponding side wall may be additionally combined with another type of crack initiator means to further influence the initiation of the first crack. The variation of the wall thickness of the at least one side wall, for example, during molding of the rail body, z. B. in a rolling process, formed directly on the material portion which forms the corresponding side wall in the formed state.

In a further alternative embodiment, the crack initiator means is an edge on the side facing away from the receiving space of the rail body of the at least one side wall, which is formed by a first wall portion of the at least one side wall and a second wall portion of the at least one side wall, wherein the first wall portion and the second Wall section in each case with respect to a plane spanned by the mounting hole level include different angles with this. Due to the deflecting forces arising when loading the anchor rail, in addition to the notch effect as a result of the edge, a splitting effect is created, which has an increased crack-initiating effect.

Preferably, the first, inner angle of the first, adjoining the edges of the mounting opening wall portion of the at least one side wall 75 ° to 135 °, whereby an advantageous notch effect and splitting force generated by the deflection forces will be superimposed and crack initiate act. Furthermore, due to this inclination of the first wall sections of the corresponding side wall, an advantageous bearing behavior of the anchor rail, so that a simple optimization of the wall thicknesses of the rail body is possible, which leads to advantageous material savings in the production of the rail body and thus the anchor rail.

Advantageously, in this embodiment corresponds to the anchor rail, the first angle 90 ° to 120 °, whereby the force is introduced substantially in the region of the first wall portion of the side wall in the component. This force acts in the direction of the surface of the component, which leads to an earlier formation of the first crack and thus a rapid release of the near-surface portion of the component under transverse force.

Preferably, the second, inner angle of the second, adjoining the first wall section wall portion of the at least one side wall 20 ° to 70 °, wherein the angle is selected according to the main load of the anchor rail. In an anchor rail to create attachment points z. B. for curtain wall elements (Curtain Wall applications) is advantageously a second angle in a shallower area, starting from 20 ° selected. Such an anchor rail has a high load capacity with respect to the lateral force, which usually occurs in this application. In an anchor rail to create attachment points z. B. for centric suspensions, such as suspensions for pipe installations and the like, a second angle is advantageously chosen in a steeper area, against 70 °. Such an anchor rail has a high load capacity with respect to the tensile force, which usually occurs in this application.

Since superimpose different loads on the anchor rail in practice, results in a force resultant, which is derived in an advantageous manner from an anchor rail with a second wall portion of the side wall in the ground, with the plane spanned by the mounting hole level a second angle of 40 ° 50 ° includes. Such an anchor rail is universally applicable.

Advantageously, the first wall sections and / or the second wall sections of the opposite side walls enclose the same first or second angle with the plane defined by the mounting opening, with which the receiving space and thus the rail body has a substantially symmetrical configuration.

In an alternative embodiment, for. As for special applications in which the forces are to be derived via specially shaped rail body, can the first wall sections and / or the second wall sections are aligned differently with respect to the plane defined by the mounting opening. Furthermore, the wall sections and, in particular, the first wall sections of the mutually opposite side walls can be aligned inclined to the mounting opening and parallel to one another. Thus, the region of the receiving space adjoining the mounting opening has a substantially diamond-shaped configuration.

Preferably, the rail body is in one piece, whereby this is easy to manufacture and allows a good diversion of the forces occurring through the rail body. The rail body is advantageously made of a flat base material, for. B. made of a steel strip. Particularly advantageously, the rail body is brought in a rolling process in the appropriate form. Depending on the nature and design of the crack initiator means this z. B. be formed during rolling in the base material.

Advantageously, the wall portions of the side walls are linear, which ensures a simple production of the anchor rail and in particular of the rail body.

As an alternative to a linear course, at least the second wall section of one of the side walls can also run along a curvature, with which the force curve in the rail body can additionally be optimized for deriving the force via the anchor element into the component. Particularly advantageously, the second wall section extends along a circular arc. The inclination of a curved wall section is determined in this context by the inclination of a tangent through the middle point of the circular arc. This tangent forms an angle with the plane defined by the mounting opening, which angle corresponds to the first or the second angle, depending on the wall section to which it relates.

Threaded on the rail body are advantageously provided for fixing the anchor elements, in which the corresponding anchor element can be screwed. As a result of this type of fixing of the anchor elements, the rail body can be manufactured separately from the anchor elements and, in a further production step, can simply fix the anchor element to it. Thus, the anchor rail in comparison to anchor rails, in which the anchor elements are arranged directly, a much lower transport volume, which, especially in a global production of the rail body and the anchor elements or the anchor rail, significantly reduces transport costs. Further, differently shaped anchor members may be required on a type of rail body in a simple manner be determined. Advantageously, the bolted anchor element is fixed in the mounted position with a securing means, such as an additional element or a caulking on the rail body. Advantageously, the thread is a rail body, z. B. in a passage, provided internal thread, in which a provided on the anchor element external thread can be screwed. Alternatively, the thread on the rail body is designed as an external thread and the thread on the anchor element is a correspondingly formed internal thread, which can be brought into engagement with the external thread on the rail body.

Advantageously, an additional part, such as a rivet nut, provided on the rail body, which has the thread for fixing the anchor elements and which is fixed in a previously created on the rail body perforation. In this context, the term "rivet nut" is understood to mean a rivet whose free end inserted through the perforation for widening the rivet nut is widened or flanged on the rail body and which has an internally threaded portion as fixing means for fixing the anchor elements to the rail body. The thread is advantageously an internally threaded portion which is provided in a bore which advantageously completely penetrates the rivet nut. The rivet nut is advantageously arranged in the receiving space and embraces the free edges of the hole advantageously completely from the outside, so that corrosion protection of the free edge of a created in a corrosion-protected rail body perforation is guaranteed.

Fig. 1

Ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Ankerschiene in Seitenansicht;

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt durch die Ankerschiene gem. Linie II-II in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Ankerschiene im Querschnitt analog Fig.2;

Fig. 4

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Ankerschiene im Querschnitt analog Fig.2; und

Fig. 5

ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Ankerschiene im Querschnitt analog Fig.2;

Fig. 6

eine Variante eines Rissinitiatormittels im vergrösserten Detailschnitt;

Fig. 7

eine weitere Variante eines Rissinitiatormittels im vergrösserten Detailschnitt; und

Fig. 8

eine im Bauteil eingegossene Ankerschiene im Schnitt.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1

A first embodiment of an anchor rail in side view;

Fig. 2

a cross section through the anchor rail acc. Line II-II in Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

a second embodiment of an anchor rail in cross section analog Fig.2 ;

Fig. 4

a third embodiment of an anchor rail in cross section analog Fig.2 ; and

Fig. 5

a fourth embodiment of an anchor rail in cross section analog Fig.2 ;

Fig. 6

a variant of a crack initiator means in enlarged detail section;

Fig. 7

Another variant of a crack initiator means in an enlarged detail section; and

Fig. 8

an anchor rail cast in the component in section.

Basically, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.

The in the Figures 1 and 2 illustrated pourable anchor rail 11 has a rail body 12 and anchoring elements 21 fixed thereto.

The rail body 12 has an extending in the longitudinal extent of the rail body 12 receiving space 13 for a fastening element 6, which is fixed via a rear engagement part as Anbindeteil 7 on the anchor rail 11. The receiving space 13 is accessible via a mounting opening 15 bounded by edges 14 and bounded laterally by mutually opposite side walls 16 facing one another. Each of the side walls 16 has a first, adjacent to the edges 14 wall portion 17 which includes a first, inner angle (alpha) with the plane defined by the mounting opening 15 plane E, and a second, adjoining the first wall portion 17 wall portion 18, which encloses a second angle (beta) with the plane defined by the mounting opening 15 plane E. The first angle (alpha) is greater than the second angle (beta). The first angle (alpha) corresponds to 115 ° in this embodiment. The second angle (beta) corresponds to 45 ° in this embodiment. Both side walls 16 are of identical design and the first wall section 17 and the second wall section 18 each enclose the same angle with the plane E spanned by the mounting opening 15. The rail body 12 is thus formed symmetrically.

For an advantageous introduction of force from the anchor rail 11 into the component in the region of the mounting opening 15, the rail body 12 has a width B which corresponds to 1.1 times to 1.65 times the total height H of the rail body 12. In this example, the corresponding width B of the rail body 12 corresponds to 1.3 times the total height H of the rail body 12.

To clarify and clarify which angle of the first and second wall sections 17 and 18 is meant in this context, in the figures the plane E spanned by the mounting opening 15 has been extended beyond the rail body 12.

At the region of the rail body 12 opposite the mounting opening 15, a rear wall 19 is provided, which linearly connects the second wall sections 18 of the side walls 16 with each other. The anchor elements 21 are advantageously fixed to the rear wall 19. Due to the trapezoidal region of the receiving space 13, which is formed adjacent to the rear wall 19, an additional space for fixing elements for fixing the anchor elements 21 on the rail body 12 is provided. This can be an impairment the area of the receiving space, which is provided for the Anbindeteile 7 of the fasteners 6, are avoided by any projecting into the receiving space 13 locking elements for the anchor elements 21.

On both side walls 16 a crack initiator means 26 is provided, which is arranged at a distance A to the plane defined by the mounting hole 15 plane E, the maximum of 0.75 times and in this example 0.55 times the total height H of the rail body 12 corresponds.

The crack initiator means 26 are each formed by a arranged on the receiving space 13 of the rail body 12 side facing away from the corresponding side wall 16 edge 27. The edge 27 corresponds to the section line of the first wall section 17 with the second wall section 18 of the corresponding side wall 16.

The anchor rail 31 acc. Fig. 3 has a rail body 32 with a rectangular cross-section. The receiving space 33 of the rail body 32 has a rectangular receiving area for receiving conventional, already on the market Anbindeteilen. The rail body 32 has a width B which corresponds to 1.35 times the total height H of the rail body 32. As a crack initiator 46 are on the side walls 36 each an outwardly projecting, on the receiving space 33 side facing away from the side wall 36 material reinforcement 47 in the form of a bulge and an inwardly projecting, on the receiving space 33 side facing the side wall 36 Materialreduzktion 48 in Form of a constriction. The crack initiator means 46 are arranged at a distance A to the plane defined by the mounting hole 35 plane E to the rail body 32, which corresponds to 0.45 times the total height H of the rail body 32.

The rail body 52 of the anchor rail 51 acc. Fig. 4 has side walls 56, in which the first wall portion 57 with the plane defined by the mounting opening 55 plane E a first angle (alpha) of 90 ° and in which the second wall portion 58 with the plane defined by the mounting hole 55 plane E a second angle (beta ) of 40 °. The second wall section 58 extends along a circular arc and thus along a curve. The second included angle (beta) of the second wall portion 58 with the plane E spanned by the mounting aperture 55 is determined by the tangent 60 at the central point of the arc. The second wall portions 58 of the side walls 56 are directly connected to each other, which is why this anchor rail 51 has no rail body 52 with a rear wall. The rail body 52 has a width B which corresponds to 1.5 times the total height H of the rail body 52. The Anchoring elements 61 are fixed in a transition region of the two second wall sections 58.

As crack initiator 66 are provided on the second wall portions 58 of the side walls 36 each outwardly projecting material reinforcements 67 which are triangular in cross section and arranged on the side facing away from the receiving space 53 side of the side wall 56. The crack initiator means 66 are integral with the rail body 52 z. B. formed in a rolling or stamping process. The crack initiator means 66 are arranged at a distance A to the plane defined by the mounting opening 55 plane E to the rail body 52, which corresponds to 0.7 times the total height H of the rail body 52.

The anchor rail 71 acc. Fig. 5 has side walls 76, in which the first wall portion 77 with the plane defined by the mounting opening 75 plane E a first angle (alpha) of 100 ° and in which the second wall portion 78 with the plane defined by the mounting hole 75 plane E a second angle (beta ) of 50 °. At the region of the rail body 72 opposite the mounting opening 75, a rear wall 79 is provided, which connects the second wall sections 78 of the side walls 76 to one another. The first wall sections 77 have a varying wall thickness W1, which decreases in this example, starting from the edges 74 in the direction of the second wall sections 78. The second wall sections 78 likewise have a varying wall thickness W2, which in this example increases starting from the rear wall 79 in the direction of the first wall sections 77.

The rear wall 79 has a section projecting outwardly with respect to the receiving space 73 with a perforation in which a riveting nut 80 is fixed. The rivet nut 80 is provided in the receiving space 73 and surrounds the edges of the hole completely from the outside. The riveting nut 80 as a fixing element for an anchor element 81 has a bore with an internally threaded portion into which the anchoring elements 81 having an external thread section can be screwed to fix them to the rail body 72.

The anchor rail 71 has, as a crack initiator means 86, on the one hand in each case an edge 87 on the side of the corresponding side wall 76 facing away from the receiving space 73 of the rail body 72. This edge 87 corresponds in each case to the line of intersection of the first wall section 77 with the second wall section 78 of the corresponding side wall 76. Further, by varying the wall thicknesses of the side walls 76, the crack-generating effect of the crack initiator means 86 is additionally enhanced or optimized. The Crack initiator means 86 are arranged at a distance A to the plane E spanned by the mounting opening 75 on the rail body 72, which corresponds to 0.4 times the total height H of the rail body 72.

The edges 74 of the mounting hole 75 are upset, causing a material hardening along the mounting hole and thus the rail body partially stiffened. The upturned edges 74 of the mounting hole 75 have at their free ends in each case in the direction of the receiving space 73 extending height, which decreases in the direction of the adjacent side wall 76 down to the actual material thickness of the rail body 72, so that a ramp-shaped, enlarged stop surface for a Tying part of a fastener is present.

The cut in the FIG. 6 shown side wall 96 has on one side a material reduction 107 as a crack initiator means 106. A variant is shown dashed, which provides a second, the first material reduction 107 opposite material reduction 108 on the side wall 96. The first material reduction 107 or the first material reduction 107 and the second material reduction 108 form a joint in the side wall 96, which acts to initiate cracking under load of the anchor rail.

In the neckline in the FIG. 7 shown side wall 116, a material reinforcement 127 is provided as a crack initiator means 126 on one side. Dashed lines here a variant is shown, which provides a second, the first material reinforcement 127 opposite material reinforcement 128 on the side wall 116. The first material reinforcement 127 or the first material reinforcement 127 and the second material reinforcement 128 likewise form a joint in the side wall 116, which acts as a crack initiation element when the anchor rail is loaded.

In the FIG. 8 the anchor rail 31 is shown in the cast-in state, which is arranged near the edge 9 of the molded component 8. If a transverse force load of the anchor rail 31 occurs in a direction 131 that runs parallel to the plane E spanned by the mounting opening 35, a first crack 132 is created by the crack initiator 46 provided on the side wall 46. The first crack 132 first results in a first breakout 133 in the component 8. In the case of a further or sustained transverse force load, the point of application of the resultant force is displaced away from the surface 10 into the component 8, so that the second crack 134 (failure crack) deeper in the component is produced. The first crack 132 and the second crack 134 do not overlap or intersect.

Dashed is in the FIG. 8 further shown a variant with an anchor rail 11, which in cross section according to the FIG. 2 is trained. The edge 27 as crack initiator means 26 of the anchor rail 11 generates a first crack 142 under shear force load which is generated earlier compared to that of the crack initiator means 46 of the anchor rail 31 and produces a much smaller cutout 143 in the component 8. The second crack generated by transverse load on the anchor rail 11 (failure crack) essentially corresponds in its position to the second crack 134, as it is generated by the anchor rail 31.

Claims (10)

1. An embeddable anchor rail comprising a rail body (12; 32; 52; 72) having a space (13; 33; 53; 73) which extends in longitudinal direction of the rail body (12; 32; 52; 72) for receiving a fastening element (6) and which can be accessed via an assembly opening (15; 35; 55; 75) delimited by flanges (14; 74) and delimited laterally by side walls (16; 36; 56; 76) located opposite one another and facing one another, said anchor rail also comprising anchor elements (21; 61; 81) which can be secured to the rail body (12; 32; 52; 72), characterized in that crack initiator means (26; 46; 66; 86; 106; 126) are provided on at least one ofthe side walls (16; 36; 56; 76).
2. An anchor rail according to Claim 1, characterized in that the assembly opening (15; 35; 55; 75) extends along a plane (E), and the crack initiator means are located at a distance (A) from said plane (E) which corresponds to a maximum of 0.75 times the overall height (H) of the rail body (12; 32; 52; 72).
3. An anchor rail according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the crack initiator means (46; 106) are formed by a reduction in the material (48; 107, 108) in certain areas in the at least one side wall (36; 96).
4. An anchor rail according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the crack initiator means (46; 66; 126) are formed by reinforcement of the material (47; 67; 127, 128) in certain areas in the at least one side wall (36; 56; 116).
5. An anchor rail according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the crack initiator means (26; 46; 66; 86; 107, 108; 127, 128) are provided on the side ofthe at least one side wall (16; 36; 56; 76; 106; 116) facing away from the receiving space (13; 33; 53; 73) ofthe rail body (12; 32; 52; 72).
6. An anchor rail according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the crack initiator means (86) are formed by a variation in the wall thickness (W1, W2) of the at least one side wall (76).
7. An anchor rail according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the crack initiator means (16; 86) consist of a corner (27; 87) formed on the side of the at least one side wall (16; 76) facing away from the receiving space (13; 73) of the rail body (12; 72), said corner being formed by a first wall portion (17; 77) of the at least one side wall (16; 76) and a second wall portion (18; 78) of the at least one side wall (16; 76) and the first wall portion (17; 77) and the second wall portion (18; 78) each forming a different angle (alpha, beta) with the plane (E) spanned by the assembly opening (15; 75).
8. An anchor rail according to Claim 7, characterized in that the first, internal angle (alpha) of the first wall portion (17; 77) of the at least one side wall (16; 76) adjoining the flanges (14; 74) ofthe assembly opening (15; 75) corresponds to 75° to 135°, and preferably 90° to 120°.
9. An anchor rail according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the second, internal angle (beta) of the second wall portion (18; 78) adjoining the first wall portion (17; 77) of the at least one side wall (16; 76) corresponds to 20° to 70°, and preferably 40° to 50°.
10. An anchor rail according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the rail body (12; 32; 52; 72) is made in one piece.

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