EP3306746A1 - Strahlungselement in einem hohlraum, und strahlungsnetz, das mindestens zwei strahlungselemente umfasst - Google Patents

Strahlungselement in einem hohlraum, und strahlungsnetz, das mindestens zwei strahlungselemente umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3306746A1
EP3306746A1 EP17194500.9A EP17194500A EP3306746A1 EP 3306746 A1 EP3306746 A1 EP 3306746A1 EP 17194500 A EP17194500 A EP 17194500A EP 3306746 A1 EP3306746 A1 EP 3306746A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
elliptical
cavity
planar
radiating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17194500.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3306746B1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Bosshard
Jean-Baptiste Schrottenloher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thales SA
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Publication of EP3306746A1 publication Critical patent/EP3306746A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3306746B1 publication Critical patent/EP3306746B1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/17—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel cavity radiating element architecture and a radiating network having at least two radiating elements. It applies in particular to the space domain and for single-beam or multi-beam applications.
  • the mass and bulk of the RF radio frequency chains is a critical point in the field of space antennas intended to be installed on satellites and in particular in the lower frequency domain such as the C-band.
  • the frequency domains high for example Ka-band or Ku-band
  • the object of the invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the known radiating elements and to produce a new compact radiating element having a bandwidth sufficiently wide to allow operation in two separate transmission and reception frequency bands in transmission bands. low frequencies including the band C and also allowing operation in two orthogonal circular polarizations, respectively right and left.
  • the invention relates to a radiating element comprising a rotationally symmetrical cavity around a Z axis and a power source, the cavity being delimited by lateral metal walls and a lower metal wall.
  • the radiating element further comprises a central metal core extending axially in the center of the cavity and N different successive metallic elliptical planar elements, stacked one above the other, parallel to the lower wall of the cavity, the core center comprising a lower end fixed to the lower metal wall of the cavity and a free upper end, each elliptical metallic planar element being centered in the cavity and integral with the central core, the N elliptical planar elements being regularly spaced and having dimensions monotonically decreasing between the lower end and the upper end of the central core, where N is an integer greater than 2.
  • the N planar elliptical elements have exponentially decreasing dimensions.
  • the N planar elliptical elements have decreasing dimensions according to a polynomial function.
  • the power source may consist of a coaxial line connected to the first elliptical planar element located closest to the lower end of the central core and the N successive elliptical planar elements may be progressively staggered in rotation. compared to others, around the central soul.
  • the power source may consist of two coaxial lines connected, at two different connection points, to the first elliptical planar element located closest to the lower end of the central core, the two connection points being respectively placed in two directions of the first planar element elliptical, perpendicular to each other, and the N elliptical planar elements may all be aligned in a common direction.
  • the invention also relates to a radiating network comprising at least two radiating elements.
  • the radiating elements of the radiating network can be arranged next to each other on a common support plate.
  • the adjacent radiating elements of the radiating network may be arranged spatially so that their respective elliptical planar elements are respectively oriented in two directions orthogonal to each other.
  • the radiating network may further comprise absorbing dielectric elements disposed between two adjacent radiating elements.
  • the radiating element 10 represented on the Figures 1a, 1b , 1 C comprises a cavity 11 with symmetry of revolution about an axis Z, a central core 12 extending axially in the center of the cavity 11 and N different metallic planar elements 131, 132,..., 13N, stacked at each above the others, parallel to each other and parallel to a lower metal wall 14 of the cavity 11, also called the bottom of the cavity, N being an integer greater than 2, the N planar metal elements being centered in the cavity and integral with the central core 12.
  • the central core 12 has a lower end 15 fixed to the lower metal wall 14 of the cavity and an upper end 16 free.
  • Each planar metallic element 131, 132, ..., 13N has an elliptical contour whose orientation and dimensions are defined by the orientation and the dimensions of the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse. corresponding.
  • the dimensions of the major axis and the minor axis of the same elliptical contour are different, the ratio between the length of the minor axis and the length of the major axis being preferably less than 0.99, and preferably less than 0.9.
  • the N planar elliptical elements 131, 132, ..., 13N are regularly spaced along the central core 12 and have monotonically decreasing dimensions between the lower end 15 and the upper end 16 of the central core. .
  • the monotony of the decay is strict.
  • the dimensions of some elliptical planar elements may be equal, the elliptical planar elements can not all have the same dimensions.
  • the dimensions of the N planar elliptical elements are exponentially decreasing, namely decreasing according to the exponential function.
  • the dimensions of the N planar elliptic elements are decreasing according to a polynomial function.
  • the cavity 11 is delimited by the lower metal wall 14 and by lateral metal walls 17 and is filled with air.
  • the radiating element 10 further comprises at least one power supply constituted by a coaxial line 18 connected to the first elliptical planar element 131 located closest to the lower end 15 of the central core 12.
  • the first elliptical planar element 131 radiates a radiofrequency wave which propagates in the cavity and generates currents on the surface of the other elliptical planar elements 132, ..., 13N which are then coupled step by step by induced electromagnetic coupling.
  • the first elliptical planar element 131 is therefore a planar exciter element.
  • the major axes of the elliptical shapes corresponding to the different elliptical planar elements can all be oriented in a single common direction or in different directions.
  • the N elliptical planar elements can all be housed inside the cavity as illustrated on the Figures 1a, 1b , 1 C , but this is not mandatory and alternatively, some elliptical planar elements corresponding to the smallest dimensions and the highest frequencies, may protrude from the cavity as shown in FIG. figure 1 d.
  • the various elliptical planar elements 131, 132,..., 13N can be progressively shifted in rotation relative to one another, around the central core 15, as represented for example on the figure 1b .
  • the major axes of the elliptical shapes corresponding to different planar elliptical elements are then oriented in different directions.
  • the offset of the different elliptical planar elements in rotation makes it possible to obtain a radiation of the radiating element in circular polarization.
  • the radiating axis of the radiating element corresponds to the Z axis.
  • the graph of the figure 2 shows the two curves 21, 22 of the radiation of a radiating element according to the invention, as a function of the frequency, the radiating element being fed by a single coaxial line and having elliptical planar elements progressively offset in rotation, some by compared to others as to Figures 1a, 1b , 1c, 1d .
  • the shift in rotation between the first and N-th elliptic planar members is about 90 °.
  • the first curve 21 corresponds to the radiation of the radiating element according to a first direct direction circular polarization and the second curve 22 corresponds to the radiation of the radiating element according to a second circular polarization of opposite direction.
  • the radiating element operates in two very wide different bandwidths between 3.7GHz and 6.4GHZ and in each bandwidth, the polarizations are different and reversed. In each bandwidth, the cross-polarization gain levels are less than -15 dB relative to the gain levels of the corresponding operating bias.
  • This radiating element therefore allows operation in two different distinct frequency bands, for example transmission and reception, with different polarizations and a good gain level.
  • the electric field corresponding to the highest frequencies is reflected by the lower wall 14 of the cavity and is reemitted to the top of the cavity after inversion of the direction of polarization.
  • the electric field corresponding to the low frequencies is directly transmitted towards the top of the cavity without reflection and without inversion of the direction of the polarization.
  • FIGS. Figures 3a and 3b On which four radiating elements of the network are represented.
  • the different radiating elements are arranged next to one another and their respective cavities are interconnected by a common metal support plate 30 forming a metal ground plane.
  • the radiating network is not limited to four radiating elements, but may have any number of radiating elements greater than two.
  • the radiating elements since the radiating elements have an opening reduced to half a central wavelength of operation, at the bottom of the emission frequency band, the radiating elements couple with each other with large field levels which have the effect of alter the purity of polarization.
  • absorbent elements 31 made in a dielectric material have been added between the adjacent radiating elements, and fixed on the metal support plate 30.
  • the absorbent elements are dielectric volumes that can have any shape, and can be positioned at junction points between four adjacent radiating elements as shown on Figures 3a and 3b .
  • the height of the absorbent elements may vary according to their position in the network and the frequency of parasitic coupling to be eliminated.
  • the dielectric material may for example consist of a material such as silicon carbide SiC.
  • the adjacent radiating elements are arranged spatially so that their respective elliptical planar elements are respectively oriented parallel to two orthogonal directions X, Y between each other. That is, the directions of the major axes of their respective elliptical planar elements are orthogonal to each other, as illustrated in FIG. figure 3b . Thanks to the superposition of several orthogonal field ellipses with one another, this sequential spatial arrangement of the successive radiating elements makes it possible to improve the purity of the two circular polarizations generated by the different radiating elements of the grating and to significantly reduce the levels of cross polarization in the the radiation axis of the network.
  • the different elliptical planar elements of each radiating element are not offset in rotation with respect to each other, but the major axes of their respective elliptical shapes are all aligned in a common direction.
  • each radiating element 10 comprises two coaxial supply lines 18, 28 connected to the first elliptical planar element 131 located closest to the lower end of FIG. the central soul.
  • the two coaxial supply lines 18, 28 are respectively connected at two different connection points of the first elliptical planar element 131, the two connection points being placed in two different directions of the first elliptical planar element 131, perpendicular to each other, the two directions that correspond for example to the directions of the major axis and the minor axis of the elliptical shape of the first elliptical planar element 131.
  • the radiating element 10 can only operate in a single frequency band and bi-polarization because it is not possible in this case to select both a frequency band and a single polarization.
  • the Figures 4a and 4b illustrate an example of a network comprising radiating elements according to this second embodiment of the invention.
  • the adjacent radiating elements are arranged spatially so that their respective elliptical planar elements are respectively oriented in two directions X, Y orthogonal to one another, that is to say that the directions of the major axes of their respective elliptic planar elements are orthogonal between them.
  • the networks of radiating elements are not limited to four radiating elements but may have a number of radiating elements greater than two.
EP17194500.9A 2016-10-04 2017-10-03 Strahlungselement in einem hohlraum, und strahlungsnetz, das mindestens zwei strahlungselemente umfasst Active EP3306746B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1601432A FR3057109B1 (fr) 2016-10-04 2016-10-04 Element rayonnant en cavite et reseau rayonnant comportant au moins deux elements rayonnants

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3306746A1 true EP3306746A1 (de) 2018-04-11
EP3306746B1 EP3306746B1 (de) 2023-04-05

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EP17194500.9A Active EP3306746B1 (de) 2016-10-04 2017-10-03 Strahlungselement in einem hohlraum, und strahlungsnetz, das mindestens zwei strahlungselemente umfasst

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10573973B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3306746B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2981333A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2943121T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3057109B1 (de)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5010348A (en) * 1987-11-05 1991-04-23 Alcatel Espace Device for exciting a waveguide with circular polarization from a plane antenna
US20120062440A1 (en) * 2010-09-14 2012-03-15 Hitachi Cable, Ltd. Mobile communication base station antenna
US20120112977A1 (en) * 2010-11-09 2012-05-10 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Antenna simply manufactured according to frequency characteristic
WO2017100126A1 (en) * 2015-12-09 2017-06-15 Viasat, Inc. Stacked self-diplexed multi-band patch antenna

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6856300B2 (en) * 2002-11-08 2005-02-15 Kvh Industries, Inc. Feed network and method for an offset stacked patch antenna array

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5010348A (en) * 1987-11-05 1991-04-23 Alcatel Espace Device for exciting a waveguide with circular polarization from a plane antenna
US20120062440A1 (en) * 2010-09-14 2012-03-15 Hitachi Cable, Ltd. Mobile communication base station antenna
US20120112977A1 (en) * 2010-11-09 2012-05-10 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Antenna simply manufactured according to frequency characteristic
WO2017100126A1 (en) * 2015-12-09 2017-06-15 Viasat, Inc. Stacked self-diplexed multi-band patch antenna

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KOUTSOUPIDOU MARIA ET AL: "A microwave breast imaging system using elliptical uniplanar antennas in a circular-array setup", 2015 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGING SYSTEMS AND TECHNIQUES (IST), IEEE, 16 September 2015 (2015-09-16), pages 1 - 4, XP032791411, DOI: 10.1109/IST.2015.7294522 *
RAWAT SANYOG ET AL: "Stacked elliptical patches for circularly polarized broadband performance", 2014 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SIGNAL PROPAGATION AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY (ICSPCT 2014), IEEE, 12 July 2014 (2014-07-12), pages 232 - 235, XP032631327, DOI: 10.1109/ICSPCT.2014.6884942 *
WEILY A R ET AL: "Circularly Polarized Ellipse-Loaded Circular Slot Array for Millimeter-Wave WPAN Applications", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, IEEE SERVICE CENTER, PISCATAWAY, NJ, US, vol. 57, no. 10, 1 October 2009 (2009-10-01), pages 2862 - 2870, XP011271562, ISSN: 0018-926X, DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2009.2029305 *
XIN ZHANG ET AL: "Design of circularly polarized stacked microstrip antennas", ANTENNAS, PROPAGATION AND EM THEORY, 2008. ISAPE 2008. 8TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON, IEEE, PISCATAWAY, NJ, USA, 2 November 2008 (2008-11-02), pages 11 - 14, XP031398978, ISBN: 978-1-4244-2192-3 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2943121T3 (es) 2023-06-09
FR3057109B1 (fr) 2018-11-16
US10573973B2 (en) 2020-02-25
EP3306746B1 (de) 2023-04-05
FR3057109A1 (fr) 2018-04-06
CA2981333A1 (en) 2018-04-04
US20180097292A1 (en) 2018-04-05

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