EP3305514A1 - Machine for forming bases or lids for prism-shaped boxes by folding and joining die-cut sheets - Google Patents
Machine for forming bases or lids for prism-shaped boxes by folding and joining die-cut sheets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3305514A1 EP3305514A1 EP16806930.0A EP16806930A EP3305514A1 EP 3305514 A1 EP3305514 A1 EP 3305514A1 EP 16806930 A EP16806930 A EP 16806930A EP 3305514 A1 EP3305514 A1 EP 3305514A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bending
- parallel
- fixed
- base
- die cut
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 248
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000114 Corrugated plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/60—Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping
- B31B50/62—Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping by adhesives
- B31B50/624—Applying glue on blanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/26—Folding sheets, blanks or webs
- B31B50/44—Folding sheets, blanks or webs by plungers moving through folding dies
- B31B50/46—Folding sheets, blanks or webs by plungers moving through folding dies and interconnecting side walls
- B31B50/48—Folding sheets, blanks or webs by plungers moving through folding dies and interconnecting side walls by folding or tucking in locking flaps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/60—Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/26—Folding sheets, blanks or webs
- B31B50/44—Folding sheets, blanks or webs by plungers moving through folding dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/26—Folding sheets, blanks or webs
- B31B50/44—Folding sheets, blanks or webs by plungers moving through folding dies
- B31B50/46—Folding sheets, blanks or webs by plungers moving through folding dies and interconnecting side walls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B2100/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers made by folding single-piece sheets, blanks or webs
- B31B2100/002—Rigid or semi-rigid containers made by folding single-piece sheets, blanks or webs characterised by the shape of the blank from which they are formed
- B31B2100/0024—Rigid or semi-rigid containers made by folding single-piece sheets, blanks or webs characterised by the shape of the blank from which they are formed having all side walls attached to the bottom
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B2110/00—Shape of rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B31B2110/30—Shape of rigid or semi-rigid containers having a polygonal cross section
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B2120/00—Construction of rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B31B2120/10—Construction of rigid or semi-rigid containers provided with covers, e.g. lids
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids from bending and attaching initially planar die cut plates made of a sheet of relatively rigid material, such as, for example, cardboard, corrugated cardboard, plastic, corrugated plastic, and the like. In one of its possible applications, known in the sector as a "bag in box", the mentioned prismatic boxes are usable for containing hermetically sealed and optionally pasteurized flexible sacks or bags filled with a liquid, ground or shredded product.
- Machines for forming boxes or box lids, generally having a rectangular base, by bending and attaching initially planar die cut plates made of a sheet of relatively rigid material, such as cardboard, corrugated cardboard, plastic, corrugated plastic, and the like, are known.
- Patent documents
ES 235835 US 2798416 describe respective examples of machines for forming boxes having a rectangular base by bending and attaching die cut plates essentially comprising a molding cavity that is fixed with respect to a structure and provided with an inlet opening on which the die cut plates are placed one by one, and a plunger moved in a guided manner by a drive mechanism along a path with respect to the structure between an extracted position, in which the plunger is outside the molding cavity, and an introduced position, in which the plunger is inside the molding cavity. In its movement between the extracted position and the introduced position, the plunger presses against a portion of the die cut plate which is arranged on the inlet opening of the molding cavity and inserts it into the molding cavity, so different parts of the die cut plate are bent and attached in cooperation with several either inert or active elements of the molding cavity to form a box or a box lid. - In the machines of the mentioned patent documents
ES 235835 US 2798416 , the molding cavity has, on two of its opposite sides, two corresponding pairs of elements, and the two elements of each pair are mounted in a sliding manner on a guide and have nuts fixed thereto coupled respectively to two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of a spindle parallel to the guide, such that a rotation of the spindle causes a mutual approaching or distancing of the two elements of each pair to adapt the molding cavity to boxes having different dimensions. Nevertheless, these machines are not capable of forming bases or lids for prismatic boxes having six, eight or more sides by bending and attaching die cut plates. - In turn, patent documents
DE 202004005667 U1 ,ES 2394186 T3 ES 1057235 U - According to the mentioned patent documents
DE 202004005667 U1 ,ES 2394186 T3 ES 1057235 U - Automatic machines for forming prismatic box bases or lids from die cut plates such as the one described, for example, in mentioned patent document
ES 2394186 T3 - The present invention contributes to mitigating the preceding and other drawbacks by providing a machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids by bending and attaching die cut plates where each of the die cut plates comprises a base wall in the form of a polygon with an even number of sides greater than four, a plurality of simple side walls and composite side walls alternating with one another and connected to the sides of the base wall by respective bending lines, and attachment flaps connected to opposite side edges of the composite side walls.
- The machine of the present invention comprises a structure, a molding cavity that is fixed with respect to the structure, the molding cavity having an inlet opening and side elements defining a polygon having an even number of sides greater than four consistent with the die cut plate, a plunger moved in a guided manner by a drive mechanism along a path parallel to a first direction Z with respect to the structure between an extracted position, in which the plunger is outside the molding cavity and an introduced position, in which the plunger is inside the molding cavity.
- During operation, and more specifically when the plunger is operated from the extracted position to the introduced position, the plunger presses against a portion of an initially planar die cut plate arranged on the inlet opening of the molding cavity and inserts the die cut plate into the molding cavity, thereby causing different parts of the die cut plate to be bent and attached in cooperation with the side elements of the molding cavity to form a prismatic box base or lid. The first direction Z in which the plunger moves is usually a vertical direction, although this is not an essential condition.
- The side elements of the molding cavity of the machine of the present invention comprise an integer number greater than two of simple wall bending elements arranged around the path of the plunger, an equal integer number greater than two of composite wall bending elements also arranged around the path of the plunger in positions intercalated between the simple wall bending elements, and an equal integer number greater than two of pairs of pressure blades arranged such that the pressure blades of each pair flank one of the composite wall bending elements.
- Each simple wall bending element has an inlet bending surface bending a simple side wall of the die cut plate and a front surface parallel to the first direction Z keeping this simple side wall in a position perpendicular to a base wall of the die cut plate. Each composite wall bending element has an inlet bending surface bending a composite side wall of the die cut plate and a front surface parallel to the first direction Z keeping this composite side wall in a position perpendicular to the base wall of the die cut plate.
- The mentioned pressure blades are moved by blade actuators between a retracted position, in which the pressure blades are approximately aligned with or more withdrawn than the front surface of the adjacent composite wall bending elements, and a pressure position, in which the pressure blades are approximately aligned with or more advanced than the front surface of the adjacent simple wall bending elements. With the movement from the retracted position to the pressure position, the pressure blades bend attachment flaps extending from opposite side edges of each composite side wall of the die cut plate and/or press these attachment flaps against the simple side walls of the die cut plate, with the interposition of glue, in cooperation with anvil surfaces of the plunger.
- The mentioned front surfaces of the simple wall bending elements and of the composite wall bending elements intercalated with one another define a polygon having an even number of sides, which is twice the mentioned integer number greater than two. For example, if the integer number greater than two is three, the polygon will have six sides, in other words, it will be a hexagon, and the molding cavity will be useful for forming bases or lids for prismatic boxes having a hexagonal cross-section; if the integer number greater than two is four, the polygon will have eight sides, in other words, it will be an octagon, and the molding cavity will be useful for forming bases or lids for prismatic boxes having an octagonal cross-section, and so on and so forth.
- The plunger will obviously be configured according to the number of sides of the polygon and the die cut plate will be configured accordingly. Although theoretically there is no limit to the number of sides of the polygon, six and eight are considered suitable numbers, and particularly a polygon having eight faces is the most preferred because it facilitates implementing regulations in the molding cavity in second and third directions X, Y perpendicular to one another and perpendicular to the first direction Z adapting the molding cavity to bases and lids having different dimensions. Furthermore, prismatic boxes having an octagonal cross-section are widely used in different logistics applications.
- Therefore, in a preferred embodiment the molding cavity includes four simple wall bending elements and four composite wall bending elements intercalated with one another, and four pairs of pressure blades flanking the composite wall bending elements. Two of the composite wall bending elements are arranged with their front surfaces facing one another and parallel to the mentioned second direction X, and the other two composite wall bending elements are arranged with their front surfaces facing one another and parallel to the mentioned third direction Y. The four simple wall bending elements are arranged with their front surfaces inclined at obtuse angles with respect to the front surfaces of the composite wall bending elements oriented in both the second and third directions. These obtuse angles are conventionally angles of 135 degrees, although other angles are possible.
- In a more complex version of the preferred embodiment, each of the composite wall bending elements is divided into two halves. The two halves of each of the two composite wall bending elements having their front surfaces parallel to the second direction X have respective first guide followers fixed thereto and coupled in a sliding manner to a first guide parallel to the second direction X, and the two halves of each of the two composite wall bending elements having their front surfaces parallel to the third direction Y have respective second guide followers fixed thereto and coupled in a sliding manner to a second guide parallel to the third direction Y.
- Thus, the halves of the composite wall bending elements can be moved and fixed in selected positions along the corresponding first and second guides to adapt the molding cavity to bases and lids having different dimensions.
- Preferably, the two halves of each of the two composite wall bending elements having their front surfaces parallel to the second direction X furthermore have respective first nuts fixed thereto and coupled respectively to two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of a first spindle parallel to the first guide, and the two halves of each of the two composite wall bending elements having their front surfaces parallel to the third direction Y have respective second nuts fixed thereto and coupled respectively to two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of a second spindle parallel to the second guide.
- Thus, a rotation of the mentioned first spindle causes a mutual approaching or distancing of the two halves of the composite wall bending element having its front surfaces parallel to the second direction X along the first guide parallel to the second direction X, and a rotation of the mentioned second spindle causes a mutual approaching or distancing of the two halves of the composite wall bending element having its front surfaces parallel to the third direction Y along the second guide parallel to the third direction Y to adapt the molding cavity to bases and lids having different dimensions.
- In one embodiment, the rotation of the first and second spindles is performed manually by means of cranks or the like, although rotation could alternatively be performed by means of electric motors or motors of another type. The coupling between the nuts and spindles is irreversible, such that when the rotation of the first and second spindles is stopped, the halves of the composite wall bending elements are immobilized by the first and second spindles in selected fixed positions along the corresponding first and second guides.
- In the structure of the machine and on two sides of the molding cavity opposite in the second direction X, two first base guides are fixed parallel to the third direction Y, two first carriages have first base guide followers fixed at the ends thereof and coupled in a sliding manner to the two first base guides, and one of the two first guides, together with the corresponding first spindle and the two halves of the corresponding composite wall bending element having its front surfaces parallel to the second direction X are installed on each of the two first carriages.
- Similarly, in the structure of the machine and on two sides of the molding cavity opposite in the third direction Y, two second base guides are fixed parallel to the second direction X, two second carriages have second base guide followers fixed at the ends thereof and coupled in a sliding manner to the two second base guides, and one of the two second guides, together with the corresponding second spindle and the two halves of the corresponding composite wall bending element having its front surfaces parallel to the third direction Y are installed on each of the two second carriages.
- Thus, the two first carriages and the two second carriages, carrying the corresponding first and second guides, first and second spindles, and halves of the composite wall bending elements, can be moved and fixed in desired positions along the corresponding first and second base guides to adapt the molding cavity to bases and lids having different dimensions.
- Preferably, two corresponding first base spindles are installed in positions parallel and adjacent to the first base guides, and two corresponding second base spindles are installed in positions parallel and adjacent to the second base guides, where each of the first and second base spindles has two threaded sections having opposite thread directions.
- The two first carriages furthermore have respective first base nuts fixed at the ends thereof and coupled respectively to the two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of the two first base spindles, and the two second carriages furthermore have respective second base nuts fixed at the ends thereof and coupled respectively to the two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of the two second base spindles.
- Thus, a rotation of the two first base spindles in unison causes a mutual approaching or distancing of the two first carriages along the first base guides parallel to the third direction Y resulting in a mutual approaching or distancing of the composite wall bending elements having their front surfaces parallel to the second direction X and being located on sides of the molding cavity opposite in the third direction Y, and a rotation of the two second base spindles in unison causes a mutual approaching or distancing of the two second carriages resulting in a mutual approaching or distancing of the composite wall bending elements having their front surfaces parallel to the third direction Y and being located on sides of the molding cavity opposite in the second direction X.
- In one embodiment, the rotation of the first and second base spindles is performed manually by means of cranks or the like, although rotation could alternatively be performed by means of electric motors or motors of another type. Preferably, the two first base spindles are kinematically linked to one another by one or more transmission chains or belts such that the mentioned rotation of both in unison is obtained by acting on one of them, and similarly the two second base spindles are kinematically linked to one another by one or more transmission chains or belts such that the mentioned rotation of both in unison is obtained by acting on one of them.
- The coupling between the nuts and the spindles is irreversible, such that when the rotation of the first and second base spindles is stopped, the first and second carriages are immobilized by the first and second base spindles in selected fixed positions along the corresponding first and second base guides.
- Preferably, each of the mentioned pressure blades and its corresponding blade actuator are installed on one of the two halves of each composite wall bending element, such that they move together with the corresponding half of the composite wall bending element along the first or second guide.
- In one embodiment, each of the two halves of each composite wall bending element comprises a base support having fixed thereto the mentioned first or second guide follower, the mentioned first or second nut, and one or more members providing the mentioned inlet bending surface and the mentioned front surface. One of the pressure blades is mounted on this base support such that it can move with respect to the base support in cooperation with guiding means between the mentioned retracted position and the mentioned pressure position. For example, an active support movable with respect to the base support is mounted on the base support in cooperation with the mentioned guiding means, and the pressure blade is fixed to this active support. The corresponding blade actuator is connected to the base support and to the pressure blade or to the active support. Thus, activation of the blade actuator moves the pressure blade with respect to the base support between the retracted position and the pressure position.
- In a specific embodiment, the guiding means comprise a shaft parallel to the first direction Z pivotally connecting the pressure blade or the active support to the base support, and the blade actuator, which can be, for example, a dynamic fluid piston and cylinder assembly, when activated pivots the pressure blade around the mentioned shaft between the retracted position and the pressure position. Alternatively, the guiding means can include one or more straight or curved guides. Alternatively, the blade actuator can be an electric motor or a motor of another type.
- Each of the simple wall bending elements has a guide follower fixed thereto. Two of the guide followers fixed to two of the simple wall bending elements are coupled in a sliding manner to one of the previously mentioned first guides, and the other two guide followers fixed to the other two simple wall bending elements are coupled in a sliding manner to the other one of the first guides. Therefore, the simple wall bending elements can be moved and fixed in desired positions along the corresponding first guides to adapt the molding cavity to bases and lids having different dimensions.
- Preferably, each of the simple wall bending elements furthermore has a nut fixed thereto. Two of the nuts fixed to two of the simple wall bending elements are coupled respectively to two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of an auxiliary spindle parallel to the first guides, and the other two nuts fixed to the other two simple wall bending elements are coupled respectively to two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of another auxiliary spindle parallel to the first guides. Thus, a rotation of each of the auxiliary spindles causes a mutual approaching or distancing in the second direction X of the two simple wall bending elements having their nuts coupled to the same auxiliary spindle.
- Each of the simple wall bending elements comprises a first support bearing one or more members providing the mentioned inlet bending surface and the mentioned front surface and a second support having the guide follower and the nut fixed thereto. This second support furthermore has a first clamp fixed thereto and gripping a first regulating arm parallel to the third direction Y fixed to the first support. The first clamp has a first regulating element, such as a clamping screw or the like, fixing said first regulating arm to the first clamp in a selected position in the third direction Y.
- Preferably, the first regulating arm is in turn fixed to a second clamp gripping a second regulating arm extending from the first support, for example in a direction perpendicular to the first direction Z and inclined with respect to the second and third directions X, Y. The second clamp has a second regulating element, such as a clamping screw or the like, fixing said second regulating arm to the second clamp in a selected position in a direction perpendicular to the first direction Z and forming an angle with both second and third directions X, Y.
- An active bending member providing at least part of the inlet bending surface is mounted on the first support of each of the simple wall bending elements. This active bending member is movable with respect to the first support in cooperation with guiding means, and an inlet actuator is connected to the first support and to the active bending member. Activation of the inlet actuator therefore moves the active bending member with respect to the first support in cooperation with the guiding means between a standby position, in which the active bending member does not interfere with the simple side wall of the die cut plate, and a bending position, in which the active bending member pushes the simple side wall and bends it with respect to the base wall of the die cut plate in cooperation with the plunger.
- In one embodiment, the mentioned guiding means comprise a shaft perpendicular to the first direction Z pivotally connecting the active bending member to the first support, and the inlet actuator can be, for example, a dynamic fluid piston and cylinder assembly. Thus, activation of the inlet actuator pivots the active bending member around the mentioned shaft between the standby position and the bending position.
- The action of the active bending member is used for bending the simple side walls of the die cut plate in cooperation with the plunger in advance of the bending of the composite side walls done by the composite wall bending elements, which are inert, in cooperation with the plunger. This results in the attachment flaps extending from opposite side edges of the composite side walls being able to be subsequently bent and pressed against an outer surface of the simple side walls by the pressure blades.
- In an alternative embodiment, the active bending members are associated with the composite wall bending elements, in which case the composite side walls of the die cut plate are bent before the simple side walls, and the attachment flaps are arranged on the inner side of the base or lid and are bent and pressed against an inner surface of the simple side walls by the action of the pressure blades on the simple side walls.
- Alternatively, the bending in advance of the simple side walls or of the composite side walls can be determined by arranging inert inlet bending surfaces both in the simple wall bending elements and in the composite wall bending elements, but providing different configurations and/or arranging these inert inlet bending surfaces at different heights.
- An arm having a retaining catch fixed at one end thereof is installed on the first support of each of the simple wall bending elements. This arm is movable in a guided manner, for example pivoting around a shaft perpendicular to the first direction Z and parallel to the front surface of the corresponding simple wall bending element, between a retaining position determined by a stop, in which said retaining catch projects from the front surface, and a withdrawn position, in which the retaining catch does not project from the front surface. An elastic element is connected to the arm and to the first support such that it permanently pushes the lever towards the retaining position.
- The plunger comprises a pressure element providing a pressure surface perpendicular to the first direction. This pressure element has an outer contour consistent with the polygon defined by the simple wall bending elements and composite wall bending elements of the molding cavity, and consistent with the outer contour of the base wall of the die cut plate. The plunger further comprises anvil walls providing the mentioned anvil surfaces, which are parallel to the front surfaces of the simple wall bending elements, and a connection element which is connected to a moving member of said drive mechanism of the plunger.
- When the plunger is moved from the extracted position to the introduced position, the pressure element of the plunger presses against the base wall of the die cut plate and introduces it into the molding cavity, thereby causing the bending of the single and composite side walls in cooperation with the simple wall bending elements and composite wall bending elements, respectively, of the molding cavity.
- When the plunger is in the introduced position inside the molding cavity, the anvil surfaces of the plunger are facing and close to the front surfaces of the simple wall bending elements, with the simple side walls of the die cut plate interposed between both. When the pressure blades are then moved to the pressure position and while the plunger is in the introduced position, the anvil walls of the plunger withstand the pressure exerted by the pressure blades against the attachment flaps and against the simple side walls of the die cut plate.
- When the die cut plate is introduced by the plunger into the molding cavity, the lower edges of the box slip on inclined surfaces of the mentioned retaining catches, such that the retaining catches and their arms move out of the molding cavity against the force of the corresponding elastic elements until an upper edge of the bent simple side walls of the die cut plate surpass the position of the retaining catches, at which time the elastic elements return the retaining catches to their retaining positions.
- In this situation, the upper edges of the simple side walls of the already bent die cut plate are below a lower surface of the retaining catches, and said lower surface of the retaining catches act as a stop, preventing the die cut plate from moving upwards when the pressure blades act. Finally, an additional stroke of the plunger expels the box through an outlet opening, opposite the inlet opening, of the molding cavity.
- In one embodiment, the plunger further comprises a structural element, which can optionally have an outer contour consistent with the polygon, and the anvil walls have a first end fixed to the pressure element and a second end, opposite the first end, fixed to the structural element. Both the pressure element and the structural element have a central opening, and the connection element is fixed to a support bridge having opposite ends connected respectively to two of the opposite anvil walls.
- Optionally, the mentioned opposite ends of the support bridge are fixed to respective slides coupled in a sliding manner to bridge guides, parallel to the first direction Z, fixed to the two opposite anvil walls. Regulating elements, such as clamping screws, fix the slides in a selected position along the bridge guides, thereby allowing regulation of the position of the plunger with respect to its drive mechanism in the first direction Z.
- Preferably, in the structure of the machine is installed a glue applicator device depositing glue on predetermined areas of each die cut plate before the die cut plate is placed on the inlet opening of the molding cavity. These predetermined areas of the die cut plate on which glue is placed are conventionally the attachment flaps, although they could alternatively be areas of the simple side walls envisaged for being placed on and attached to the attachment flaps.
- The mentioned glue applicator device can be a hot glue applicator device or a cold glue applicator device. The use of hot glue has the advantage of providing, while bending and attaching the die cut plate to form the base or lid, faster adhesion compared to the use of cold glue, which allows comparatively higher production rates. Nevertheless, the drawback of hot glue is that it melts at extremely high environmental temperatures, such as temperatures that can be reached due to exposure to the sun in the summer in warm climates, for example, while it crystallizes at extremely low environmental temperatures, such as temperatures that can be reached in a refrigeration chamber, for example. In contrast, cold glue neither melts nor crystallizes at these extreme environmental temperatures.
- For this reason, in one embodiment the glue applicator device comprises a hot glue applicator unit having one or more hot glue application elements depositing hot glue on the die cut plates and a cold glue applicator unit having one or more cold glue application elements depositing cold glue on the die cut plates. The mentioned hot glue and cold glue application elements can be, for example, hot glue and cold glue discharge nozzles. The hot glue and cold glue applicator units can be controlled to act alternatively to apply hot glue or cold glue, whichever is appropriate, or to act simultaneously to apply cold glue and hot glue in combination.
- The use of cold glue and hot glue in combination has the advantage that the hot glue allows relatively high production rates, whereas the cold glue, which completely sets a time after the base or lid has been formed, provides the base or lid with good mechanical strength characteristics.
- In one embodiment, on the structure of the machine there are furthermore installed a sheet loader having a plurality of die cut plates stored therein and a conveyor device which conveys the die cut plates one by one from the sheet loader to an initial position on the inlet opening of the molding cavity. In this case, the glue applicator device is arranged between the sheet loader and the molding cavity such that it deposits glue on the die cut plates while the die cut plates are conveyed by said conveyor device.
- The foregoing and other features and advantages will be better understood from the following detailed description of merely illustrative and non-limiting exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
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Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids by bending and attaching die cut plates according to one embodiment of the present invention, with a plunger in an extracted position outside a molding cavity; -
Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the machine ofFigure 1 , with the plunger in the introduced position inside the molding cavity; -
Figure 3 is a top view of elements defining the molding cavity according to one embodiment suitable for forming bases or lids having an octagonal cross-section; -
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a plunger configured for cooperating with the molding cavity ofFigure 3 ; -
Figure 5 is a cross-section view of the plunger ofFigure 4 taken along a plane perpendicular to a first direction Z; -
Figure 6 is a front view of a die cut plate from which the machine forms the bases or lids having an octagonal cross-section using the molding cavity ofFigure 3 in cooperation with the plunger ofFigure 4 ; -
Figure 7 is a top view of a base or lid having an octagonal cross-section obtained from the die cut plate ofFigure 6 ; -
Figure 8 is a perspective view of the base or lid ofFigure 7 ; -
Figure 9 is a top view of elements defining the molding cavity according to another embodiment suitable for forming bases or lids having a hexagonal cross-section; -
Figure 10 is a cross-section view of a plunger configured for cooperating with the molding cavity ofFigure 9 taken along a plane perpendicular to the first direction Z; -
Figure 11 is a front view of a die cut plate from which the machine forms the bases or lids having a hexagonal cross-section using the molding cavity ofFigure 9 in cooperation with the plunger ofFigure 10 ; -
Figure 12 is a top view of a base or lid having a hexagonal cross-section obtained from the die cut plate ofFigure 11 ; -
Figure 13 is a top view of elements defining an adjustable molding cavity according to one embodiment suitable for forming bases or lids having an octagonal cross-section of different dimensions, in a contracted situation; -
Figure 14 is a top view of the elements defining the adjustable molding cavity ofFigure 13 in an expanded situation; -
Figure 15 is a perspective view of the elements defining the adjustable molding cavity ofFigures 13 and14 together with their regulating means, taken from an upper point of view; -
Figure 16 is a perspective view of the elements ofFigure 15 taken from a lower point of view; -
Figure 17 is a perspective view of one half of a composite wall bending element and of a pressure blade forming part of the elements of the molding cavity ofFigures 15 and16 ; -
Figure 18 is a perspective view of a simple wall bending element including an active bending member forming part of the elements of the molding cavity ofFigures 15 and16 ; -
Figure 19 is a side view of the simple wall bending element ofFigure 18 ; and -
Figure 20 is a perspective view of a simple wall bending element including an inert bending member according to another embodiment of the present invention. - First in reference to
Figures 1 and 2 ,reference number 100 generally designates a machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids by bending and attaching die cut plates according to one embodiment of the present invention. Themachine 100 is suitable for forming bases orlids 6 having an octagonal cross-section, such as the one shown by way of example inFigures 7 and 8 , fromdie cut plates 5, such as the one shown by way of example inFigure 6 . - The die cut
plate 5 ofFigure 6 is made from a single piece of a sheet of a relatively rigid material, such as, for example, cardboard, corrugated cardboard, plastic, corrugated plastic, and the like, and comprises an octagon-shapedbase wall 1, foursimple side walls 2 and fourcomposite side walls 3, alternating with one another, connected to the eight sides of thebase wall 1 by respective bending lines, andattachment flaps 4 connected to opposite side edges of thecomposite side walls 3. - In the base or
lid 6 ofFigures 7 and 8 , thesimple side walls 2 and thecomposite side walls 3 are bent along the respective bending lines to positions perpendicular to thebase wall 1, and the attachment flaps 4 are bent along the respective bending lines and superimposed on and adhered by means of glue to outer surfaces of thesimple side walls 2. In an alternative embodiment (not shown), the attachment flaps 4 are superimposed on and adhered by means of glue to inner surfaces of thesimple side walls 2. The bases orlids 6 are stackable. - As schematically shown in
Figures 1 and 2 , themachine 100 comprises astructure 10 bearing asheet loader 86, aconveyor device 80, aglue applicator device 81, amolding cavity 11 and aplunger 70. Thesheet loader 86 houses a stack ofdie cut plates 5 arranged at one end of theconveyor device 80, and theconveyor device 80 comprises, for example, anendless belt 87 provided with one ormore drive elements 88 interfering with the die cutplate 5 located on the lower level of the stack in thesheet loader 86 and transporting it until arranging the die cutplate 5 in an initial position on an inlet opening of the molding cavity (Figure 1 ). - The
glue applicator device 81 is located on the path of theconveyor device 80 between thesheet loader 86 and themolding cavity 11 and comprises a hotglue applicator unit 82 having one or more hotglue application elements 83 depositing hot glue on the attachment flaps 4 or on selected areas of thesimple side walls 2 of thedie cut plates 5, and a coldglue applicator unit 84 having one or more coldglue application elements 85 depositing cold glue on the attachment flaps 4 or on selected areas of thesimple side walls 2 of thedie cut plates 5 while the die cut plates are moved by theconveyor device 80. - Alternatively, the
glue applicator device 81 could include only the hotglue applicator unit 82 or only the coldglue applicator unit 84, and/or theglue applicator device 81 could be arranged below theconveyor device 80 to apply glue to the lower face of thedie cut plates 5. - The
molding cavity 11 has side elements defining an octagonal cavity consistent with the shape of thebase wall 1 of thedie cut plates 5. Theplunger 70 is installed such as it can move along aguide 79 fixed to thestructure 10. Theguide 79 defines a path parallel to a first direction Z which, in the embodiment shown, is a vertical direction. The path of theplunger 70 is aligned and centered with respect to a central line of themolding cavity 11. A drive mechanism (not shown) moves theplunger 70 along the mentioned path between an extracted position (Figure 1 ), in which theplunger 70 is outside themolding cavity 11, and an introduced position (Figure 2 ), in which theplunger 70 is inside themolding cavity 11. - With the movement from the extracted position to the introduced position, the
plunger 70 presses thebase wall 1 of the die cutplate 5 which is located on the inlet opening of themolding cavity 11 and inserts it into themolding cavity 11, so thesimple side walls 2 and thecomposite side walls 3 of the die cutplate 5 are bent to a position perpendicular to thebase wall 1 in cooperation with some of the mentioned side elements of themolding cavity 11. While theplunger 70 remains inside themolding cavity 11, the attachment flaps 4 of the die cutplate 5 with glue previously applied thereto are bent and attached to thesimple side walls 2 in cooperation with other side elements of the molding cavity to form a prismatic box base orlid 6. - The mentioned side elements of the
molding cavity 11 are now described in relation toFigure 3 . The side elements of themolding cavity 11 comprise four simplewall bending elements 12 arranged around said path of the plunger, four compositewall bending elements wall bending elements 12, and four pairs ofpressure blades 14 arranged such that thepressure blades 14 of each pair flank one of said compositewall bending elements - Each simple
wall bending element 12 has aninlet bending surface 12a bending asimple side wall 2 of the die cutplate 5 in cooperation with the action of theplunger 70 and afront surface 12b parallel to the first direction Z keeping thesimple side wall 2 in a position perpendicular to thebase wall 1 of the die cutplate 5. Each compositewall bending element inlet bending surface 13a bending acomposite side wall 3 of the die cutplate 5 in cooperation with the action of theplunger 70 and afront surface 13b parallel to the first direction Z keeping thecomposite side wall 3 in a position perpendicular to thebase wall 1 of the die cutplate 5. - Two of the composite
wall bending elements 13X are arranged with theirfront surfaces 13b facing one another and parallel to a second direction X perpendicular to the first direction Z, the other two compositewall bending elements 13Y are arranged with theirfront surfaces 13b facing one another and parallel to a third direction Y perpendicular to the first direction Z and to the second direction X, and the simplewall bending elements 12 are arranged with theirfront surfaces 12b inclined at obtuse angles, in this case, angles of 135 degrees, with respect to thefront surfaces 13b of the compositewall bending elements front surfaces 12b of the four simplewall bending elements 12 and thefront surfaces 13b of the four compositewall bending elements base wall 1 of the die cutplate 5. - The
pressure blades 14 are moved byblade actuators 15 between a retracted position (depicted by means of solid lines inFigure 3 ), in which thepressure blades 14 are approximately aligned with or more withdrawn than thefront surface 13b of adjacent compositewall bending elements Figure 3 ), in which thepressure blades 14 are approximately aligned with or more advanced than thefront surface 12b of adjacent simplewall bending elements 12. - The movement of the
pressure blades 14 while theplunger 70 is still in the introduced position bends the attachment flaps 4 of the die cutplate 5 and presses them against thesimple side walls 2 of the die cutplate 5 in cooperation with anvil surfaces of theplunger 70. -
Figures 4 and 5 show theplunger 70 cooperating with themolding cavity 11 ofFigure 3 . Theplunger 70 comprises apressure element 71 consisting of a plate providing a pressure surface perpendicular to the first direction Z and having an outer contour consistent with the octagonal shape of thebase wall 1 of the die cutplate 5, and fouranvil walls 72 associated with four alternating sides of the octagonal shape of thepressure element 71. Theseanvil walls 72 provide the mentioned anvil surfaces, which are perpendicular to thepressure element 71 and parallel to thefront surfaces 12b of the simplewall bending elements 12 of themolding cavity 11. - The plunger further comprises a
structural element 74 which, in the embodiment shown inFigure 4 , has a configuration similar to thepressure element 71 and is parallel to same. Theanvil walls 72 have a first end fixed to thepressure element 71 and a second end, opposite the first end, fixed to thestructural element 74. Both thepressure element 71 and thestructural element 74 have a central opening, and between two of theopposite anvil walls 72 there is arranged asupport bridge 75 having aconnection element 73 fixed thereto which is connected to a moving member of the drive mechanism of the plunger. - Bridge guides 77 are fixed to the two
opposite anvil walls 72 parallel to the first direction Z and, slides 76 coupled in a sliding manner to the bridge guides 77 are fixed at opposite ends of thesupport bridge 75. Regulatingelements 78, such as clamping screws installed in corresponding holes of theanvil walls 72, allow fixing theslides 76 in a selected position along the bridge guides 77. - When the plunger is moved from the extracted position to the introduced position, the
pressure element 71 presses thebase wall 1 of the die cutplate 5 and introduces it into themolding cavity 11. When the plunger is in the introduced position, theanvil walls 72 withstand the pressure exerted by thepressure blades 14. -
Figure 9 shows the side elements of amolding cavity 11 according to another embodiment suitable for forming bases orlids 6 having a hexagonal cross-section, such as that shown by way of example inFigure 12 , fromdie cut plates 5, such as that shown by way of example inFigure 11 . - The die cut
plate 5 ofFigure 11 is made of a single piece of a sheet of relatively rigid material, such as, for example, cardboard, corrugated cardboard, plastic, corrugated plastic, and the like, and comprises abase wall 1 having the shape of a hexagon, threesimple side walls 2 and threecomposite side walls 3, alternating with one another, connected to the six sides of thebase wall 1 by respective bending lines, andattachment flaps 4 connected to opposite side edges of thecomposite side walls 3. - In the base or
lid 6 ofFigure 12 , thesimple side walls 2 and thecomposite side walls 3 are bent along the respective bending lines to positions perpendicular to thebase wall 1, and the attachment flaps 4 are bent along the respective bending lines, and placed on and adhered by means of glue to outer surfaces of thesimple side walls 2. In an alternative embodiment (not shown), the attachment flaps 4 are placed on and adhered by means of glue to inner surfaces of thesimple side walls 2. - The side elements of the molding cavity of
Figure 9 comprise three simplewall bending elements 12 arranged around the path of the plunger, three compositewall bending elements 13 arranged around the path of the plunger in positions intercalated between the simplewall bending elements 12, and three pairs ofpressure blades 14 arranged such that thepressure blades 14 of each pair flank one of the compositewall bending elements 13. - The configuration and the operation of the simple
wall bending elements 12, compositewall bending elements 13, andpressure blades 14 is similar to that described above in relation toFigure 3 . Nevertheless, in this embodiment thefront surfaces 12b, of the three simplewall bending elements 12 and thefront surfaces 13b of the three compositewall bending elements 13 define a hexagon consistent with the hexagonal shape of thebase wall 1 of the die cutplate 5. - The
plunger 70 ofFigure 10 cooperates with themolding cavity 11 ofFigure 9 , and comprises apressure element 71 consisting of a plate providing a pressure surface perpendicular to the first direction Z and having an outer contour consistent with the hexagonal shape of thebase wall 1 of the die cutplate 5 and threeanvil walls 72 associated with three alternating sides of the hexagonal shape of thepressure element 71. Theseanvil walls 72 provide the anvil surfaces perpendicular to thepressure element 71 and parallel to thefront surfaces 12b of the simplewall bending elements 12 of themolding cavity 11. -
Figures 13 and14 show the side elements of amolding cavity 11 according to yet another embodiment suitable for forming bases orlids 6 having an octagonal cross-section, such as that shown by way of example inFigures 7 and 8 , fromdie cut plates 5, such as that shown by way of example inFigure 6 . - The
molding cavity 11 ofFigures 13 and14 is in all aspects similar to the embodiment described above in relation toFigure 3 , except that here each of the two compositewall bending elements 13X having theirfront surfaces 13b parallel to the second direction X is divided into twohalves wall bending elements 13Y having theirfront surfaces 13b parallel to the third direction Y is divided into twohalves wall bending elements 12 are movable in directions that are a combination of the second direction X and the third direction Y. -
Figure 13 shows the simplewall bending elements 12 and thehalves wall bending elements Figure 14 shows the simplewall bending elements 12 and thehalves wall bending elements -
Figures 15 and16 illustrate mechanical regulating means whereby the positions of the simplewall bending elements 12 and thehalves wall bending elements - On two opposite sides of the
molding cavity 11 there are installed two first base guides 26 parallel to the third direction Y fixed to thestructure 10, and two correspondingfirst base spindles 30 parallel to the first base guides 26, where eachfirst base spindle 30 has two threaded sections having opposite thread directions. Twofirst carriages 24 have firstbase guide followers 28 fixed at the ends thereof and coupled in a sliding manner to the mentioned first base guides 26. The twofirst carriages 24 also havefirst base nuts 32 fixed at the ends thereof and coupled respectively to the two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of thefirst base spindles 30. The twofirst base spindles 30 are linked to one another by a movement transmission, such as afirst roller chain 56 mounted on gear wheels. Thus, a rotation in unison of the twofirst base spindles 30 causes a mutual approaching or distancing of the twofirst carriages 24. - On two other opposite sides of the
molding cavity 11 there are installed two second base guides 27 parallel to the second direction X fixed to thestructure 10, and two correspondingsecond base spindles 31 parallel to the second base guides 27, where eachsecond base spindle 31 has two threaded sections having opposite thread directions. Twosecond carriages 25 have second base guidefollowers 29 fixed at the ends thereof and coupled in a sliding manner to the mentioned second base guides 27. Twosecond carriages 25 also havesecond base nuts 33 fixed at the ends thereof and coupled respectively to the two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of thesecond base spindles 31. The twosecond base spindles 31 are linked to one another by a movement transmission, such as asecond roller chain 57 mounted on gear wheels. Thus, a rotation in unison of the twosecond base spindles 31 causes a mutual approaching or distancing of the twosecond carriages 25. - On each of the two
first carriages 24 there are installed afirst guide 16 parallel to the second direction X and afirst spindle 20 parallel to thefirst guide 16, where the mentionedfirst spindle 20 has two threaded sections having opposite thread directions. Each of the twohalves wall bending elements 13X having theirfront surfaces 13b parallel to the second direction X has fixed thereto a respectivefirst guide follower 18 coupled in a sliding manner to the correspondingfirst guide 16 and a respectivefirst nut 22 coupled to one of the two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of thefirst spindle 20. Thus, a rotation of thefirst spindle 20 causes a mutual approaching or distancing in the second direction X of the twohalves wall bending element 13X having theirfront surfaces 13b parallel to the second direction X. - On each of the two
second carriages 25 there are installed asecond guide 17 parallel to the third direction Y and asecond spindle 21 parallel to thesecond guide 17, where the mentionedsecond spindle 21 has two threaded sections having opposite thread directions. Each of the twohalves wall bending elements 13Y having theirfront surfaces 13b parallel to the third direction Y has fixed thereto a respectivesecond guide follower 19 coupled in a sliding manner to the correspondingsecond guide 17 and a respectivesecond nut 23 coupled to one of the two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of thesecond spindle 21. Thus, a rotation of thesecond spindle 21 causes a mutual approaching or distancing in the third direction Y of the twohalves wall bending element 13Y having theirfront surfaces 13b parallel to the third direction Y. -
Figure 17 shows one of the twohalves 132X of one of the compositewall bending elements 13X having theirfront surfaces 13b parallel to the second direction X, which comprises abase support 48 having thefirst guide follower 18, thefirst nut 22, and a member in the form of a bent plate providing theinlet bending surface 13a and thefront surface 13b fixed thereto. Anactive support 49 is pivotally connected to thebase support 48 by means of ashaft 50 parallel to the first direction Z, and one of thepressure blades 14 is fixed to theactive support 49. One of theblade actuators 15 is connected to thebase support 48 and to theactive support 49 such that activation of theblade actuator 15 makes theactive support 49 and thepressure blade 14 rotate with respect to thebase support 48 around theshaft 50 between the retracted position (depicted by means of solid lines inFigures 13 and14 ) and the pressure position (depicted by means of discontinuous lines inFigures 13 and14 ). - The other one of the two
halves 131X of each of the compositewall bending elements 13X has a construction that is symmetrical to that shown inFigure 17 . The twohalves wall bending elements 13Y having theirfront surfaces 13b parallel to the third direction Y have the same elements described in relation toFigure 17 arranged symmetrically, although they are placed at different heights so as to not interfere with the guides and spindles installed in themolding cavity 11. - Again with reference to
Figures 15 and16 , anauxiliary spindle 35 parallel to the first guides 16 is furthermore installed on each of the twofirst carriages 24, where the mentionedauxiliary spindle 35 has two threaded sections having opposite thread directions. Each of the simplewall bending elements 12 has aguide follower 34 and anut 36 fixed thereto. Theguide followers 34 fixed to two of the simplewall bending elements 12 are coupled in a sliding manner to one of the first guides 16 and theguide followers 34 fixed to the other two simplewall bending elements 12 are coupled in a sliding manner to the other one of the first guides 16. The nuts 36 fixed to two of the simplewall bending elements 12 are coupled respectively to the two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of one of theauxiliary spindles 35, and the nuts 36 fixed to the other two simplewall bending elements 12 are coupled respectively to the two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of the otherauxiliary spindle 35. Thus, a rotation of each of theauxiliary spindles 35 causes a mutual approaching or distancing in the second direction X of the two simplewall bending elements 12 which have theirnuts 36 coupled to thisauxiliary spindle 35. - In the embodiment shown in
Figures 15 and16 , all the spindles can be manually actuated by means of acrank 58. Preferably, thefirst spindles 20, one of thefirst base spindles 30, one of thesecond base spindles 31, and theauxiliary spindles 35 have a coupling at one end. Thesecond spindles 21 are linked by a movement transmission, such as anauxiliary roller chain 59, toauxiliary shafts 60 borne in supports fixed to the respectivesecond carriages 25. Each of theauxiliary shafts 60 has a coupling at one end. The crank 58 can be coupled to and decoupled from any one of the mentioned couplings. - As best shown in
Figure 18 , each of the simplewall bending elements 12 comprises afirst support 42 and asecond support 37 connected to one another by regulating means. Thefirst support 42 bears a member providing part of theinlet bending surface 12a and thefront surface 12b. Thesecond support 37 has theguide follower 34 and thenut 36 fixed thereto. Thesecond support 37 furthermore has afirst clamp 38 fixed thereto gripping afirst regulating arm 39 parallel to the third direction Y. Thisfirst clamp 38 has afirst regulating element 40, such as a clamping screw, fixing thefirst regulating arm 39 to thefirst clamp 38 in a selected position in the third direction Y. Thefirst regulating arm 39 is fixed to asecond clamp 41 gripping asecond regulating arm 43 fixed to thefirst support 42 and extending from same. Thissecond clamp 41 has asecond regulating element 44, such as a clamping screw, fixing thesecond regulating arm 43 to thesecond clamp 41 in a selected position in a direction perpendicular to the first direction Z and forming an angle with both second and third directions X, Y. - Thus, by acting on the first and
second regulating elements second clamps wall bending element 12 in a direction which is combination of the second direction X and the third direction Y. In an alternative embodiment (not shown), the simplewall bending element 12 includes means for further regulating the inclination of itsfront surface 12b with respect to both second and third directions X, Y, for example by means of an articulation between thesecond support 37 and thefirst clamp 38 or between thefirst regulating arm 39 and thesecond clamp 41, and locking means, such as a clamping screw, for example, to lock said articulation in a desired angular position. -
Figures 18 and 19 further show anactive bending member 45 mounted on thefirst support 42 of the simplewall bending element 12. This active bendingmember 45 provides another part of theinlet bending surface 12a and is connected to thefirst support 42 by means of ashaft 46 perpendicular to the first direction Z, such that the active bendingmember 45 can pivot with respect to thefirst support 42 around theshaft 46. Aninlet actuator 47 is connected to thefirst support 42 and to the active bendingmember 45. - Thus, an activation of the
inlet actuator 47 moves the active bendingmember 45 between a standby position (depicted by means of discontinuous lines inFigure 19 ), in which the active bendingmember 45 does not interfere with thesimple side wall 2 of the die cutplate 5, and a bending position (depicted by means of solid lines inFigure 19 ), in which the active bendingmember 45 pushes thesimple side wall 2 of the die cutplate 5 to bend it with respect to thebase wall 1 in cooperation with theplunger 70. The movement of the active bendingmember 45 causes thesimple side walls 2 of the die cutplate 5 to be bent before thecomposite side walls 3. Alternatively, the active bendingmember 45 could be installed on each of thehalves wall bending elements composite side walls 3 before thesimple side walls 2. -
Figure 20 shows an alternative embodiment of the simplewall bending element 12, in which thefirst support 42 of the simplewall bending element 12 has an inert member in the form of a bent plate fixed thereto providing theinlet bending surface 12a and thefront surface 12b, with the particularity that theinlet bending surface 12a has a different curvature and a greater height than theinlet bending surface 13a of thehalves wall bending elements simple side walls 2 of the die cutplate 5 to be bent before thecomposite side walls 3 without requiring an actuator. Alternatively, theinlet bending surface 13a of thehalves wall bending elements inlet bending surface 12a to cause the bending of thecomposite side walls 3 before thesimple side walls 2. -
Figures 19 and 20 further show anarm 51 installed on thefirst support 42 of the simplewall bending element 12 such that it can pivot with respect to ashaft 52 perpendicular to the first direction Z. A retainingcatch 53 is fixed to an end of thearm 51 opposite theshaft 52. Thearm 51 abuts with the member in the form of a bent plate providing thefront surface 12b such that the rotation of thearm 51 towards the inside of themolding cavity 11 is limited to a retaining position (depicted by means of solid lines inFigures 19 and 20 ) determined by this stop, in which the retainingcatch 53 projects from thefront surface 12b towards the inside of themolding cavity 11. Nevertheless, thearm 51 can rotate freely in the opposite direction to a withdrawn position (depicted by means of discontinuous lines inFigures 19 and 20 ), in which the retainingcatch 53 does not project from thefront surface 12b. Anelastic element 54, such as a compression coil spring, is connected to thearm 51 and to asupport 55 fixed to thefirst support 42 such that theelastic element 54 pushes thearm 51 towards the retaining position. - The retaining
catch 53 has an inclined surface on the upper side thereof, such that thearm 51 is moved from the retaining position to the withdrawn position by the die cutplate 5 when the latter is introduced in themolding cavity 11 by theplunger 70, and when the already bentsimple side walls 2 surpass the position of the retainingcatch 53, the latter returns to the retaining position by the action of theelastic element 54 preventing the already bentdie cut plate 5 from moving upwards.
Claims (22)
- A machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids by bending and attaching die cut plates, comprising:a structure (10);a molding cavity (11) that is fixed with respect to said structure (10), said molding cavity (11) having an inlet opening and side elements defining a polygon with an even number of sides greater than four;a plunger (70) moved in a guided manner by a drive mechanism along a path parallel to a first direction (Z) with respect to the structure (10) between an extracted position in which said plunger (70) is outside said molding cavity (11), and an introduced position in which the plunger (70) is inside the molding cavity (11);where the plunger (70), when operated, presses against a portion of a die cut plate (5) arranged on said inlet opening of the molding cavity (11) and inserts it into the molding cavity (11) thereby bending and attaching different parts of the die cut plate (5) in cooperation with said side elements of the molding cavity to form a base or lid (6) of a prismatic box,characterized in that the side elements of the molding cavity (11) comprise:an integer number greater than two of simple wall bending elements (12) arranged around said path of the plunger, each simple wall bending element (12) having an inlet bending surface (12a) bending a simple side wall (2) of the die cut plate (5) and a front surface (12b) parallel to said first direction (Z) keeping said simple side wall (2) in a position perpendicular to a base wall (1) of the die cut plate (5);an equal integer number greater than two of composite wall bending elements (13, 13X, 13Y) an arranged around the path of the plunger in positions intercalated between said simple wall bending elements (12), each composite wall bending element (13, 13X, 13Y) having an inlet bending surface (13a) bending a composite side wall (3) of the die cut plate (5) and a front surface (13b) parallel to said first direction (Z) keeping said composite side wall (3) in a position perpendicular to said base wall (1) of the die cut plate (5), said front surfaces (12b, 13b) of the simple wall bending elements (12) and composite wall bending elements (13, 13X, 13Y) defining said polygon; andan equal integer number greater than two of pairs of pressure blades (14) arranged such that the pressure blades (14) of each pair flank one of said composite wall bending elements (13, 13X, 13Y),where said pressure blades (14) are moved by blade actuators (15) between a retracted position, in which the pressure blades (14) are approximately aligned with or more withdrawn than the front surface (13b) of the adjacent composite wall bending elements (13, 13X, 13Y), and a pressure position, in which the pressure blades (14) are approximately aligned with or more advanced than said front surface (12b) of the adjacent simple wall bending elements (12) for bending attachment flaps (4) extending from opposite side edges of each composite side wall (3) of the die cut plate (5) and/or pressing said attachment flaps (4) against the simple side walls (2) of the die cut plate (5), with the interposition of glue, in cooperation with anvil surfaces of the plunger (70).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 1, characterized in that said integer number greater than two of simple wall bending elements (12), of composite wall bending elements (13X, 13Y) and of pairs of pressure blades (14) is four, and in that two of the composite wall bending elements (13X) are arranged with their front surfaces (13b) facing one another and parallel to a second direction (X) perpendicular to the first direction (Z), the other two composite wall bending elements (13Y) are arranged with their front surfaces (13b) facing one another and parallel to a third direction (Y) perpendicular to the first direction (Z) and to said second direction (X), and the simple wall bending elements (12) are arranged with their front surfaces (12b) inclined at obtuse angles with respect to both second and third directions (X, Y).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 2, characterized in that each of the two composite wall bending elements (13X) having their front surfaces (13b) parallel to the second direction (X) is divided into two halves (131X, 132X) having fixed thereto respective first guide followers (18) coupled in a sliding manner to a first guide (16) parallel to the second direction (X), and each of the two composite wall bending elements (13Y) having their front surfaces (13b) parallel to the third direction (Y) is divided into two halves (131Y, 132Y) having fixed thereto respective second guide followers (19) coupled in a sliding manner to a second guide (17) parallel to the third direction (Y).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 3, characterized in that said two halves (131X, 132X) of each of the two composite wall bending elements (13X) having their front surfaces (13b) parallel to the second direction (X) furthermore have fixed thereto respective first nuts (22) coupled respectively to two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of a first spindle (20) parallel to said first guide (16), such that a rotation of said first spindle (20) causes a mutual approaching or distancing in the second direction (X) of the two halves (131X, 132X) of the composite wall bending element (13X) having its front surfaces (13b) parallel to the second direction (X), and said two halves (131Y, 132Y) of each of the two composite wall bending elements (13Y) having their front surfaces (13b) parallel to the third direction (Y) furthermore have fixed thereto respective second nuts (23) coupled respectively to two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of a second spindle (21) parallel to said second guide (17), such that a rotation of said second spindle (21) causes a mutual approaching or distancing in the third direction (Y) of the two halves (131Y, 132Y) of the composite wall bending element (13Y) having its front surfaces (13b) parallel to the third direction (Y).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 4, characterized by comprising two first carriages (24) having first base guide followers (28) fixed at the ends thereof coupled in a sliding manner to two first base guides (26) parallel to the third direction (Y) fixed to the structure (10) on two opposite sides of the molding cavity (11), where one of the two first guides (16), together with the corresponding first spindle (20) and the two halves (131X, 132X) of the corresponding composite wall bending element (13X) having its front surfaces (13b) parallel to the second direction (X) are installed on each of said two first carriages (24), and two second carriages (25) having second base guide followers (29) fixed at the ends thereof coupled in a sliding manner to two second base guides (27) parallel to the second direction (X) fixed to the structure (10) on two other opposite sides of the molding cavity (11), where one of the two second guides (17), together with the corresponding second spindle (21) and the two halves (131Y, 132Y) of the corresponding composite wall bending element (13Y) having its front surfaces (13b) parallel to the third direction (Y) are installed on each of said two second carriages (25).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 5, characterized in that the two first carriages (24) furthermore have respective first base nuts (32) fixed at the ends thereof and coupled respectively to two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of two corresponding first base spindles (30) parallel to said first base guides (26), such that a rotation of said two first base spindles (30) in unison causes a mutual approaching or distancing of the two first carriages (24), and the two second carriages (25) furthermore have respective second base nuts (33) fixed at the ends thereof and coupled respectively to two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of two corresponding second base spindles (31) parallel to said second base guides (27), such that a rotation of said two second base spindles (31) in unison causes a mutual approaching or distancing of the two second carriages (25).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that each of the two halves (131X, 132X; 131Y, 132Y) of each composite wall bending element (13X, 13Y) comprises a base support (48) having fixed thereto said first or second guide follower (18, 19), said first or second nut (22, 23), and at least one member providing said inlet bending surface (13a) and said front surface (13b), and one of said pressure blades (14) is mounted on said base support (48) in a movable manner with respect to the base support (48) in cooperation with guiding means, and one of said blade actuators (15) is connected to the base support (48) and to the pressure blade (14) such that activation of the blade actuator (15) moves the pressure blade (14) with respect to the base support (48) in cooperation with said guiding means between said retracted position and said pressure position.
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 7, characterized in that said guiding means comprise a shaft (50) parallel to the first direction (Z) pivotally connecting an active support (49) to the base support (48), and the pressure blade is fixed to said active support (49), such that activation of the blade actuator (15) pivots the pressure blade (14) around said shaft (50) between the retracted position and the pressure position.
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that each of the simple wall bending elements (12) has fixed thereto a guide follower (34), where said guide followers (34) fixed to two of the simple wall bending elements (12) are coupled in a sliding manner to one of the first guides (16) and the guide followers (34) fixed to the other two simple wall bending elements (12) are coupled in a sliding manner to the other one of the first guides (16).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 9, characterized in that each of the simple wall bending elements (12) furthermore has a nut (36) fixed thereto, where said nuts (36) fixed to two of the simple wall bending elements (12) are coupled respectively to two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of an auxiliary spindle (35) parallel to the first guides (16), and the nuts (36) fixed to the other two simple wall bending elements (12) are coupled respectively to two threaded sections having opposite thread directions of another auxiliary spindle (35) parallel to the first guides (16), such that a rotation of each of said auxiliary spindles (35) causes a mutual approaching or distancing in the second direction (X) of the two simple wall bending elements (12) which have their nuts (36) coupled to the auxiliary spindle (35).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 10, characterized in that each of the simple wall bending elements (12) comprises a first support (42) bearing at least one member providing said inlet bending surface (12a) and said front surface (12b) and a second support (37) having the guide follower (34) and the nut (36) fixed thereto, where said second support (37) furthermore has a first clamp (38) fixed thereto gripping a first regulating arm (39) parallel to the third direction (Y) fixed to said first support (42), and where said first clamp (38) has a first regulating element (40) fixing said first regulating arm (39) to the first clamp (38) in a selected position in the third direction (Y).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 11, characterized in that said first regulating arm (39) has a second clamp (41) fixed thereto gripping a second regulating arm (43) extending from said first support (42), where said second clamp (41) has a second regulating element (44) fixing said second regulating arm (43) to the second clamp (41) in a selected position in a direction perpendicular to the first direction (Z) and forming an angle with both second and third directions (X, Y).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that each of the simple wall bending elements (12) comprises a first support (42) on which an active bending member (45) providing at least part of said inlet bending surface (12a) is mounted, where said active bending member (45) is movable with respect to said first support (42) in cooperation with guiding means, and an inlet actuator (47) is connected to the first support (42) and to the active bending member (45) such that activation of said inlet actuator (47) moves the active bending member (45) with respect to the first support (42) in cooperation with said guiding means between a standby position, in which the active bending member (45) does not interfere with the simple side wall (2) of the die cut plate (5), and a bending position, in which the active bending member (45) pushes the simple side wall (2) to bend it with respect to the base wall (1) of the die cut plate (5) in cooperation with the plunger (70).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 13, characterized in that said guiding means comprise a shaft (46) perpendicular to the first direction (Z) pivotally connecting the active bending member (45) to the first support (42), such that activation of the inlet actuator (47) pivots the active bending member (45) around said shaft (46) between said standby position and said bending position.
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that each of the simple wall bending elements (12) comprises a first support (42) on which there is installed an arm (51) having a retaining catch (53) fixed at one end and being movable in a guided manner between a retaining position determined by a stop, in which said retaining catch (53) projects from the front surface (12b), and a withdrawn position, in which the retaining catch (53) does not project from the front surface (12b), and an elastic element (54) connected to said arm (51) and to the first support (42) pushes the arm (51) towards said retaining position.
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 1, characterized in that said plunger (70) comprises a pressure element (71) providing a pressure surface perpendicular to the first direction (Z) and having an outer contour consistent with the polygon, anvil walls (72) providing said anvil surfaces, which are parallel to the front surfaces (12b) of the simple wall bending elements (12), and a connection element (73) which is connected to a moving member of said drive mechanism of the plunger, where said pressure element (71) presses against the base wall (1) of the die cut plate (5) and introduces it into the molding cavity (11) when the plunger is moved from said extracted position to said introduced position, and where said anvil walls (72) withstand the pressure exerted by the pressure blades (14) when the plunger (70) is in the introduced position.
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 16, characterized in that the anvil walls (72) of the plunger (70) have a first end fixed to the pressure element (71) and a second end opposite said first end fixed to a structural element (74).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that both the pressure element (71) and said structural element (74) have a central opening, and said connection element (73) is fixed to a support bridge (75) having opposite ends connected to two of the opposite anvil walls (72).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that said support bridge (75) has slides (76) fixed thereto at said opposite ends and coupled in a sliding manner to bridge guides (77) parallel to the first direction (Z) fixed to said two opposite anvil walls (72), and a regulating elements (78) fixing said slides (76) in a selected position along said bridge guides (77) in the first direction (Z).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a glue applicator device (81) is installed in the structure (10), wherein said glue applicator device (81) deposits glue on predetermined areas of each die cut plate (5) before the die cut plate (5) is arranged on the inlet opening of the molding cavity (11).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that said glue applicator device (81) comprises a hot glue applicator unit (82) having at least one hot glue application element (83) depositing hot glue on the die cut plates (5) and a cold glue applicator unit (84) having at least one cold glue application element (85) depositing cold glue on the die cut plates (5).
- The machine for forming prismatic box bases or lids according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that a sheet loader (86) and a conveyor device (80) are installed in the structure (10), wherein said conveyor device (80) conveys the die cut plates one by one (5) from said sheet loader (86) to an initial position on the inlet opening of the molding cavity (11), and said glue applicator device (81) deposits glue on the die cut plates (5) while the die cut plates (5) are conveyed by said conveyor device (80).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES201530802A ES2593823B1 (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2015-06-08 | Machine forming bases or covers of prismatic boxes by folding and joining of die-cut plates |
PCT/ES2016/000065 WO2016198708A1 (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2016-06-02 | Machine for forming bases or lids for prism-shaped boxes by folding and joining die-cut sheets |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3305514A1 true EP3305514A1 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
EP3305514A4 EP3305514A4 (en) | 2019-04-10 |
EP3305514B1 EP3305514B1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
Family
ID=57503076
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16806930.0A Active EP3305514B1 (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2016-06-02 | Machine for forming bases or lids for prism-shaped boxes by folding and joining die-cut sheets |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3305514B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2015213265B2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2593823B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016198708A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112454990A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-09 | 陈恒杨 | Paper box board cutting and flanging processing machine and processing method |
CN113022953A (en) * | 2021-03-14 | 2021-06-25 | 苏州希派智能科技有限公司 | Automatic boxing and packaging equipment for blocky products |
WO2022009062A3 (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-02-24 | G.D S.P.A. | Forming unit and method for forming a container and packing apparatus with such a forming unit |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107234832A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-10-10 | 上海彼得家餐饮管理有限公司 | The paper meal and its production method being convenient for carrying |
ES2717723B2 (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2019-10-28 | Telesforo Gonzalez Maqu S L U | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE FORMATION OF REINFORCED BODIES OF LAMINARY MATERIAL, AND REINFORCED BODY OBTAINED |
ES2666269A1 (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-05-03 | Telesforo Gonzalez Maquinaria S. L. U. | METHOD AND MACHINE FOR THE FORMATION OF REINFORCED BODIES OF LAMINAR MATERIAL, AND REINFORCED BODY OBTAINED (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
ES2782049B2 (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2021-01-25 | Telesforo Gonzalez Maqu Slu | METHOD AND MACHINE FOR THE FORMATION OF TRAYS OR PRISMATIC BOXES BY BENDING AND JOINING DIE-CUTTING PLATES |
ES2798000B2 (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2021-04-20 | Telesforo Gonzalez Maqu Slu | MALE FOR BOX FORMING MACHINE, AND MACHINE AND METHOD FOR BOX FORMING |
ES2839552B2 (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2022-03-31 | Telesforo Gonzalez Maqu Slu | MACHINE AND METHOD FOR FORMING CARDBOARD BOXES FROM DIE-CUT FLAT SHEETS, AND CARDBOARD BOX |
ES2851679B2 (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2022-03-02 | Telesforo Gonzalez Maqu Slu | MACHINE FOR THE FORMATION OF BOXES WITH EDGES LOCATED IN THE UPPER PART OF THE SIDE WALLS OF THE SAME AND BENDED TOWARDS THE OUTSIDE OF SAID BOXES |
ES2903292B2 (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2023-02-15 | Telesforo Gonzalez Maqu Slu | MOLD OF MACHINE FOR THE FORMATION OF CARDBOARD AND/OR PLASTIC BOXES AND METHOD FOR THE FORMATION OF CARDBOARD AND/OR PLASTIC BOXES |
ES2933250A1 (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2023-02-02 | Telesforo Gonzalez Maqu S L U | MACHINE FOR THE FORMATION OF BOXES INTENDED TO BE NESTED AND WITH EDGES LOCATED IN THE UPPER PART OF THE SIDE WALLS AND FOLDED OUTWARDS OF THESE (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
ES2958117A1 (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2024-02-01 | Boix Maquinaria Spain Slu | OCTAGONAL CARDBOARD TRAY ASSEMBLY MACHINE |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2696612A (en) * | 1951-08-08 | 1954-12-14 | Hat Corp America | Boxmaking machine |
US3283673A (en) * | 1964-03-26 | 1966-11-08 | Waldorf Paper Prod Co | Apparatus for forming bulk packages |
JP2682501B2 (en) * | 1995-02-20 | 1997-11-26 | 王子製紙株式会社 | Box-making machine for packaging boxes reinforced with an octagonal inner cylinder |
JP5041939B2 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2012-10-03 | 有限会社木村木型 | Crease forming device |
JP5541589B2 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2014-07-09 | レンゴー株式会社 | Case assembling method and apparatus |
ES1073027Y (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-02-08 | Boix Maquinaria Sa | MACHINE TO ASSEMBLE CARTON BOXES |
-
2015
- 2015-06-08 ES ES201530802A patent/ES2593823B1/en active Active
- 2015-08-11 AU AU2015213265A patent/AU2015213265B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2016
- 2016-06-02 WO PCT/ES2016/000065 patent/WO2016198708A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-06-02 EP EP16806930.0A patent/EP3305514B1/en active Active
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022009062A3 (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-02-24 | G.D S.P.A. | Forming unit and method for forming a container and packing apparatus with such a forming unit |
CN112454990A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-09 | 陈恒杨 | Paper box board cutting and flanging processing machine and processing method |
CN112454990B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-04-15 | 仙桃市雅都纸品包装有限公司 | Paper box board cutting and flanging processing machine and processing method |
CN113022953A (en) * | 2021-03-14 | 2021-06-25 | 苏州希派智能科技有限公司 | Automatic boxing and packaging equipment for blocky products |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3305514A4 (en) | 2019-04-10 |
WO2016198708A1 (en) | 2016-12-15 |
ES2593823A8 (en) | 2016-12-30 |
ES2593823A1 (en) | 2016-12-13 |
ES2593823B1 (en) | 2017-09-19 |
EP3305514B1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
AU2015213265B2 (en) | 2021-02-11 |
AU2015213265A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 |
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