EP3296643A1 - Radiating and convective electrical heating device - Google Patents

Radiating and convective electrical heating device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3296643A1
EP3296643A1 EP17191759.4A EP17191759A EP3296643A1 EP 3296643 A1 EP3296643 A1 EP 3296643A1 EP 17191759 A EP17191759 A EP 17191759A EP 3296643 A1 EP3296643 A1 EP 3296643A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
substrate
support wall
glass
wall
heating element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17191759.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3296643B1 (en
Inventor
Marina BARLET
Richard Wolff
Edouard JOINVILLE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
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Publication of EP3296643A1 publication Critical patent/EP3296643A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/04—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy with heat radiated directly from the heating element
    • F24C7/043—Stoves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/06—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating elements
    • F24C7/062—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating elements on stoves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/002—Air heaters using electric energy supply

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric heating device providing energy dissipation at least by radiation and convection, comprising at least one glass or glass-ceramic wall constituting a heating body.
  • the invention will be more particularly described with regard to an electric heating device for a dwelling.
  • the radiant panels or heating body thus consist of glass substrates having on one of their faces, a thin-film (nanometric) type electroconductive coating of metal oxides or a heating resistor film.
  • a heating system proposed from a heated glass wall comprises a metal honeycomb grid which is spaced apart from the glass wall.
  • the power is mainly dissipated by radiation, while a part is dissipated by convection due to the air confined between the glass wall and the metal grid.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a heating device whose heating body consists of a glass substrate coated with an electrical resistance, which does not have the drawbacks of the prior art, and provides radiation heating. and convection while possessing thermal inertia.
  • the electrical electric heating device comprises a first glass or glass-ceramic substrate provided on one of its faces with a Joule heating element (the substrate constituting a heating element as such).
  • a support wall adapted to carry the first substrate while providing a space between said first substrate and the support wall, the heating element being arranged on the face of the first substrate disposed opposite the support wall, and a second glass or glass-ceramic substrate, devoid of Joule heating element, the second substrate forming the front of the device and being disposed opposite the support wall and at a distance from the first substrate.
  • the second glass substrate is fully electrically insulating.
  • the heating device provides heating not only by radiation (from the first substrate and through the second substrate) and convection (spaced between the wall and the first glass substrate and between the two glass substrates) but also has thermal inertia, the second facade glass substrate storing energy that is redistributed when the radiator is cut.
  • the facade glass structure is insulating and thus shields the substrate with the heating resistor, avoiding access to the heating body.
  • this facade glass substrate brings aesthetics to the radiator by the very nature of the material, the glass, and by the shaping and design that can be applied to it, such as screen-printed patterns, a colored glass, etc. .
  • the heater is radiative, convective and thermal inertia.
  • the spaces between the support wall and the first glass substrate and between the two glass substrates allow to dissipate more energy without exceeding the temperature values defined by standards such as the NF EN60335-1 standard with regard to the permissible surface temperatures for a heating element.
  • the second substrate has a thickness greater than that of the first glass substrate, in particular between 5 and 15 mm, such as 6, 8 or 12 mm.
  • the first and second substrates are parallel and are spaced apart by a distance of between 10 and 20 mm, such as of the order of 15 mm.
  • the space between the support wall (face of the wall parallel to the substrate) and the first substrate is preferably between 5 and 40 mm, in particular of the order of 15 mm.
  • the support wall has on its periphery four peripheral edges which project to the second substrate, perpendicular or inclined with respect to the general plane of the support wall, and which encloses the space between the first and second glass substrates.
  • the upper peripheral edge comprises a multitude of holes and the lower peripheral edge comprises a aperture or apertures such that air entering through the aperture or apertures of the lower peripheral edge, passes between the first and second substrates and heats adjacent the first substrate, and rises to escape through the multitude of holes from the upper peripheral edge.
  • the support wall forms a cover, in particular a metal cover, whose peripheral edges join the second substrate, the lower and upper edges being provided respectively with at least one opening and with holes in order to respectively allow the entry of cold air from the opening and exit of hot air out of the holes, the peripheral edges preferably having a beveled shape so that the cover is not visible when the radiator is seen from the front.
  • the support wall plays the roles of supporting the two glass substrates, protecting the electrical elements and accentuating the convective component of the heating.
  • the support wall comprises means for fixing the first substrate, which is preferably removably assembled to said support wall, the fixing means comprising in particular on the one hand two opposite lateral guides, arranged vertically in mounted position of the device, in which the first substrate is slidably introduced, and secondly a continuous low stop or at least two low stops, against which or relies the (lower) edge of the first substrate.
  • the device comprises a removable cover which is arranged at the opening in the lower peripheral edge of the support wall of the device, the cover comprising lights facing said opening, the cover preferably further comprising at least two abutments projecting towards the inside of the device and against which the (lower) edge of the first substrate rests.
  • the support wall has on its so-called outer face, opposite to that facing the first substrate, means for fixing the device against a wall, such as notches.
  • the support wall comprises, in the extension of the peripheral edges, a peripheral return, the second substrate being attached and fixed against the peripheral return of the peripheral edges of the support wall, preferably by gluing.
  • the Joule heating element comprises an electroconductive thin layer, of the transparent metal oxide (s) type, deposited on the glass and preferably a low emissivity, or a plastic film provided with an electrical resistance and attached by gluing against the glass, the Joule effect element being designed to dissipate in particular between 2000 and 4000 W / m 2 .
  • the low emissivity layer makes it possible to direct the heat emitted by radiation towards the second facade substrate and consequently towards the room to be heated.
  • the support wall further comprises, above the upper edge of the first substrate a protective blade of the first substrate to protect the heating element, which is electrically conductive, the risk of splashing. water.
  • the first glass substrate is, for example, colorless or colored glass, of the hardened soda-lime silico-calcium type, or of the unhardened borosilicate type.
  • the second glass substrate is quenched, preferably a monolithic glass. It can be colorless or colored.
  • the outer face of this second substrate may be smooth or textured or may present patterns or aesthetic decorations for example by screen printing.
  • This face may also be coated with functional layers, in particular anti-fouling or self-cleaning layers, in particular based on photocatalytic titanium oxide.
  • the device has a generally rectangular or square shape. It has dimensions such as between 500 mm and 1800 mm, in particular between 700 mm and 1600 mm. Its thickness including the support wall and the two glass substrates is less than 50 mm.
  • the radiator is therefore very compact in thickness, aesthetic by its glass structure, while providing effective radiative and convective heating with the very advantageous combination of an inertia radiator.
  • the heating device of the invention can be used in all types of rooms, bedrooms, living rooms, bathrooms ...
  • the device according to the invention can be provided with regard to the outer face of the second substrate of at least one horizontal bar, for example for hanging towels.
  • the horizontal bar may for example be fixed by means of jaws secured to the support wall (the cover), or be directly attached to the wall or the wall against which the device is attached.
  • the device according to the invention can then be used as a towel radiator.
  • the heating element may be in a single part covering substantially the entire surface of one of the faces of the first substrate (opposite side of the support wall), except on at least the two vertical sides in a margin of 1 order for example of 10 mm, the safety standards impose 8 mm to avoid any risk of conducting electricity with the support wall when it is metallic.
  • the heating element is advantageously composed of several independent parts, for example two or three, which makes it possible to obtain different temperatures according to the zones of the first wall.
  • independent parts means distinct areas that can be electrically powered independently of one another. This characteristic is particularly advantageous in the case of a towel-drying radiator: the power distributed in the part of the heating element which is situated opposite the towel can be reduced, while the power distributed in the part of the towel Heating element that is not located next to the towel may remain the same or be increased. It is thus possible to avoid local overheating due to the presence of towels, while not penalizing the heating of the room.
  • the device preferably comprises means for regulating the electrical power as a function, for example, of the temperature of the part to be heated and / or of the first substrate provided with the heating element. It may be typically thermostatic control means.
  • the device may further comprise means for controlling or displaying the temperature and / or the electrical power.
  • the control means preferably comprise sensitive keys disposed on the outer face of the second substrate when the second substrate has a thickness of less than 12 mm, for example when it has a thickness of 6 or 8 mm.
  • sensitive keys disposed on the outer face of the second substrate when the second substrate has a thickness of less than 12 mm, for example when it has a thickness of 6 or 8 mm.
  • the wall is used as the dielectric of a capacitor.
  • the contact of a finger (the latter serving as a reinforcement of the capacitor) makes it possible to modify the capacity of the capacitor, this change being detected.
  • the control circuit is located on the side of the inner face of the second substrate.
  • the heating device 1 of the invention illustrated in the schematic figures 1 and 2 comprises a support wall 2, forming the bottom of the device and intended to allow the attachment of the device against a wall, a first glass substrate 3 having a Joule heating element 4, and a second insulating glass substrate 5.
  • the first substrate 3 endowed of the heating element 4 is said thereafter heating substrate.
  • the second substrate 5 is hereinafter referred to as a façade substrate.
  • the support wall 2 maintains in position and at a distance the heating substrate 3 and the facing substrate 5 with a spacing between the support wall 2 and the heating substrate 3 and a gap between the heating substrate 3 and the facing substrates 5.
  • the support wall 2 has an inner face 20 facing the first substrate 3 and an opposite outer face 21 intended to be applied against a wall wall.
  • the support wall 2 has on its outer face 21, opposite to that facing the first substrate, means for fixing the device against a wall, such as notches 21A ( figure 3 ).
  • the support wall 2 has a generally planar surface and four peripheral edges 22 to 25 on the periphery of this flat surface, each of the edges being inclined so that the support wall 2 forms a cover.
  • the facade substrate 5 is arranged in a lug against the end of the peripheral edges 22 to 25 at a vertical plane P.
  • the distance separating the plane of the inner face 20 of the support wall 2 and the plane P is of the order of 40 to 50 mm, defining the depth of the hood.
  • the peripheral edges 22 to 25 extend by a peripheral return 2A against which is fixed by bonding the facade substrate 5.
  • the depth of the hood is adapted to accommodate the heating substrate 3 while providing the respective spacings between the heating substrate 3, and on the one hand the support wall 2, and on the other hand the façade substrate 5.
  • the entire heating device 1 from the plane of the outer face 21 to the front plane of the facade substrate 5 presents a size such that the thickness is of the order of 55 mm in the particular example of the invention.
  • the support wall 2 comprises detachably fastening means 6 of the heating substrate 3 and fastening means 7 of the second substrate 5.
  • the fastening means 6 removably comprise two retaining slides 60 and 61 vertical and spaced from the width of the heating substrate 3, and a lower bottom stop 62 formed by a portion of the lower peripheral edge 24 of the wall 2 or preferably by a cover 62A (shown on the Figures 6a, 6b, and 7 ) removably attached, for example by screwing, at the lower peripheral edge 24 which is partially perforated along an opening 26 ( figure 4 and 5 ).
  • the cover 62A comprises two spaced apart elements projecting from the face intended to be turned towards the inside of the cover, these elements forming two low stops 62.
  • the cover furthermore comprises lights 62B allowing the air to be introduced at level of the opening 26 via these lights.
  • the heating substrate 3 is mounted in the hood by being inserted between the holding rails 60 and 61 so as to rest by its lower edge against the lower stop 62.
  • the lower edge 24 of the support wall 2 comprises the oblong opening 26 extending in length over almost the entire lower edge of the support wall 2 and having a width such that it can be facing spacing both between the two glass substrates 3 and 5 and between the heating substrate 3 and the vertical face 21 of the support wall 2.
  • the heating substrate 3 can slightly bend under the effect of heat, it can be provided ( figure 5 ) a removable tab 63 fixed on the inner face 21 of the support wall in the upper part which holds the upper edge of the heating substrate 3.
  • the upper edge 25 of the support wall 2 comprises a multitude of holes 27 which are opposite the spacing spaces between the two glass substrates and between the heating substrate and the vertical face of the support wall.
  • the air returning from the lower opening 26 is heated in the spacing spaces via the heating radiation from the heating element 4, and rises to escape through the holes 27, heating the air of the room by convection.
  • the heating element by Joule effect 4 is disposed on almost all of the so-called rear face 30 of the heating substrate 3, face facing the inner face 20 of the support wall 2.
  • Said rear face 30 of the heating substrate 3 is devoid of heating element along at least its two vertical edges in contact with the retaining slides 60 and 61, according to a margin of the order of 3.5 mm, ensuring electrical safety.
  • the arrangement of the heating element 4 turned towards the support wall 2 and the hooded shape of the wall 2 make it possible to receive the heating substrate 3 in complete safety, avoiding to the user any access to the electric heating element .
  • the heating element 4 consists of a transparent electroconductive thin film forming an electrical resistance, and advantageously constituting a low-emissivity layer so as to return a large part of the radiation towards the opposite of the layer, c that is to say towards the second substrate 5, called the facade substrate.
  • the power supply of the heating element 4 is supplied via two electrically conductive collectors, such as strips of serigraphed silver pastes extending along the two opposite vertical edges at the edge of the layer.
  • electric cables 40 are connected to the electrically conductive collectors of the heating element 4, and emerge externally to the device via the slots 62B of the lower cover 62A.
  • the device further comprises above the heating substrate 3, above its upper edge, and under and away from the perforated upper peripheral edge, a lamella 28 remotely covering the edge of the first substrate to protect the heating element that is electrically conductive, risk of splashing water.
  • the facade glass substrate 5 constitutes an electrically insulating element. It consists of a tempered monolithic glass. It has a thickness greater than that of the heating substrate. Preferably, its thickness is between 5 and 15 mm.
  • the facade substrate 5 plays a radiative role by dissipating the radiation from the heating element 4 of the heating substrate and provides a thermal inertia.
  • the thickness of the facade substrate 5 is adapted to ensure the desired thermal inertia compared to the power of the radiator, while ensuring, depending on the other dimensions of the radiator (length and width) not to be too heavy.
  • the heating device of the invention thus provides a radiator that dissipates energy by radiation, convection and inertia, while being aesthetic and compact in thickness, preferably at most 55 mm.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de chauffage électrique (1) comportant : - un premier substrat en verre ou vitrocéramique (3) doté sur l'une de ses faces d'un élément chauffant par effet Joule (4), - une paroi de support (2) apte à porter le premier substrat (3) tout en ménageant un espace entre ledit premier substrat (3) et la paroi de support (2), l'élément chauffant (4) étant agencé sur la face du premier substrat (3) disposée en regard de la paroi de support (2), et - un second substrat (5) en verre ou vitrocéramique, dépourvu d'élément chauffant par effet Joule, le second substrat (5) formant la façade du dispositif et étant disposé à l'opposé de la paroi de support (2) par rapport au premier substrat (2) et à distance du premier substrat (3).The invention relates to an electric heating device (1) comprising: a first glass or glass-ceramic substrate (3) provided on one of its faces with a heating element by Joule effect (4), - a support wall (2) adapted to carry the first substrate (3) while providing a space between said first substrate (3) and the support wall (2), the heating element (4) being arranged on the face the first substrate (3) arranged opposite the support wall (2), and a second substrate (5) made of glass or glass-ceramic, devoid of a Joule heating element, the second substrate (5) forming the front of the device and being disposed opposite the support wall (2) relative to the first substrate (2) and away from the first substrate (3).

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif de chauffage électrique procurant une dissipation de l'énergie au moins par rayonnement et convection, comprenant au moins une paroi en verre ou vitrocéramique constituant un corps de chauffe.The invention relates to an electric heating device providing energy dissipation at least by radiation and convection, comprising at least one glass or glass-ceramic wall constituting a heating body.

L'invention sera plus particulièrement décrite en regard d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique pour une habitation.The invention will be more particularly described with regard to an electric heating device for a dwelling.

De plus en plus, le verre est utilisé comme moyen de chauffage. Les panneaux rayonnants ou corps de chauffe sont ainsi constitués de substrats en verre dotés sur l'une de leurs faces, d'un revêtement électro-conducteur du type couche mince (nanométrique) d'oxydes métalliques ou d'un film à résistance chauffante.More and more, glass is used as a heating medium. The radiant panels or heating body thus consist of glass substrates having on one of their faces, a thin-film (nanometric) type electroconductive coating of metal oxides or a heating resistor film.

Pour cumuler le chauffage par rayonnement et convection, un système de chauffage proposé à partir d'une paroi en verre chauffante, comporte une grille métallique à trous en nid d'abeille qui est disposée à distance de la paroi en verre. La puissance est majoritairement dissipée par rayonnement, tandis qu'une partie est dissipée par convection due à l'air confiné entre la paroi en verre et la grille métallique.To accumulate radiant and convection heating, a heating system proposed from a heated glass wall comprises a metal honeycomb grid which is spaced apart from the glass wall. The power is mainly dissipated by radiation, while a part is dissipated by convection due to the air confined between the glass wall and the metal grid.

Cependant un tel dispositif n'a aucune inertie : lorsque le chauffage est stoppé, le verre refroidit et le rayonnement cesse. En outre, ce dispositif est peu esthétique en raison de la grille métallique située en façade.However, such a device has no inertia: when the heating is stopped, the glass cools and the radiation ceases. In addition, this device is unattractive because of the metal grid located on the front.

L'invention a donc pour but de proposer un dispositif de chauffage dont le corps de chauffe est constitué d'un substrat verrier revêtu d'une résistance électrique, qui ne présente pas les inconvénients de l'art antérieur, et procure un chauffage par rayonnement et convection tout en possédant de l'inertie thermique.The object of the invention is therefore to propose a heating device whose heating body consists of a glass substrate coated with an electrical resistance, which does not have the drawbacks of the prior art, and provides radiation heating. and convection while possessing thermal inertia.

Selon l'invention, le dispositif de chauffage électrique de chauffage électrique comporte un premier substrat en verre ou vitrocéramique doté sur l'une de ses faces d'un élément chauffant par effet Joule (le substrat constituant en tant que tel un corps de chauffe), une paroi de support apte à porter le premier substrat tout en ménageant un espace entre ledit premier substrat et la paroi de support, l'élément chauffant étant agencé sur la face du premier substrat disposée en regard de la paroi de support, et un second substrat en verre ou vitrocéramique, dépourvu d'élément chauffant par effet Joule, le second substrat formant la façade du dispositif et étant disposé à l'opposé de la paroi de support et à distance du premier substrat.According to the invention, the electrical electric heating device comprises a first glass or glass-ceramic substrate provided on one of its faces with a Joule heating element (the substrate constituting a heating element as such). a support wall adapted to carry the first substrate while providing a space between said first substrate and the support wall, the heating element being arranged on the face of the first substrate disposed opposite the support wall, and a second glass or glass-ceramic substrate, devoid of Joule heating element, the second substrate forming the front of the device and being disposed opposite the support wall and at a distance from the first substrate.

Le second substrat en verre est totalement isolant électriquement.The second glass substrate is fully electrically insulating.

Ainsi, le dispositif de chauffage assure un chauffage non seulement par rayonnement (depuis le premier substrat et à travers le second substrat) et convection (mise à distance entre la paroi et le premier substrat verrier et entre les deux substrats verriers) mais possède en outre de l'inertie thermique, le second substrat verrier de façade emmagasinant de l'énergie qui est redistribuée lorsque le radiateur est coupé. De plus, la structure verrière de façade est isolante et fait donc écran au substrat doté de la résistance chauffante, évitant tout accès au corps de chauffe. Enfin, ce substrat verrier de façade apporte l'esthétique au radiateur par la nature même du matériau, le verre, et par la mise en forme et le design qui peut lui être appliqué, tel que des motifs sérigraphiés, un verre de couleur, etc.Thus, the heating device provides heating not only by radiation (from the first substrate and through the second substrate) and convection (spaced between the wall and the first glass substrate and between the two glass substrates) but also has thermal inertia, the second facade glass substrate storing energy that is redistributed when the radiator is cut. In addition, the facade glass structure is insulating and thus shields the substrate with the heating resistor, avoiding access to the heating body. Finally, this facade glass substrate brings aesthetics to the radiator by the very nature of the material, the glass, and by the shaping and design that can be applied to it, such as screen-printed patterns, a colored glass, etc. .

Par conséquent, le dispositif de chauffage est radiatif, convectif et à inertie thermique.Therefore, the heater is radiative, convective and thermal inertia.

De plus, les espaces entre la paroi de support et le premier substrat verrier ainsi qu'entre les deux substrats verriers permettent de dissiper davantage d'énergie sans dépasser les valeurs de températures définies par les normes telles que la norme NF EN60335-1 au regard des températures limites admissibles en surface pour un corps de chauffe.In addition, the spaces between the support wall and the first glass substrate and between the two glass substrates allow to dissipate more energy without exceeding the temperature values defined by standards such as the NF EN60335-1 standard with regard to the permissible surface temperatures for a heating element.

Dans la suite de la description, les termes « externe » et « interne », s'entendent en qualifiant des éléments situés respectivement, sur l'extérieur et à l'intérieur du dispositif.In the remainder of the description, the terms "external" and "internal" are understood by qualifying elements respectively located on the outside and inside of the device.

Dans la suite de la description, les termes « horizontal », « vertical », « supérieur », « inférieur », « haut », « bas », s'entendent en qualifiant des éléments dans le cadre d'une installation normale du dispositif fixé à une paroi murale.In the remainder of the description, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "upper", "lower", "high", "low", are qualified by qualifying the elements as part of a normal installation of the device. attached to a wall wall.

Selon une caractéristique, le second substrat présente une épaisseur supérieure à celle du premier substrat en verre, notamment comprise entre 5 et 15 mm, telle que 6, 8 ou 12 mm.According to one characteristic, the second substrate has a thickness greater than that of the first glass substrate, in particular between 5 and 15 mm, such as 6, 8 or 12 mm.

Avantageusement, les premier et second substrats sont parallèles et sont espacés d'une distance comprise entre 10 et 20 mm, telle que de l'ordre de 15 mm.Advantageously, the first and second substrates are parallel and are spaced apart by a distance of between 10 and 20 mm, such as of the order of 15 mm.

L'espace entre la paroi de support (face de la paroi parallèle au substrat) et le premier substrat est de préférence compris entre 5 et 40 mm, notamment de l'ordre de 15 mm.The space between the support wall (face of the wall parallel to the substrate) and the first substrate is preferably between 5 and 40 mm, in particular of the order of 15 mm.

Selon une autre caractéristique, la paroi de support comporte sur son pourtour quatre bords périphériques qui s'avancent jusqu'au deuxième substrat, perpendiculairement ou de manière inclinée par rapport au plan général de la paroi de support, et qui chapeaute l'espace entre les premier et deuxième substrats en verre.According to another feature, the support wall has on its periphery four peripheral edges which project to the second substrate, perpendicular or inclined with respect to the general plane of the support wall, and which encloses the space between the first and second glass substrates.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le bord périphérique supérieur comporte une multitude de trous et le bord périphérique inférieur comporte une ouverture ou des orifices de sorte que l'air entrant par l'ouverture ou les orifices du bord périphérique inférieur, passe entre les premier et deuxième substrats et chauffe au voisinage du premier substrat, et monte pour s'échapper à travers la multitude de trous du bord périphérique supérieur.According to another characteristic, the upper peripheral edge comprises a multitude of holes and the lower peripheral edge comprises a aperture or apertures such that air entering through the aperture or apertures of the lower peripheral edge, passes between the first and second substrates and heats adjacent the first substrate, and rises to escape through the multitude of holes from the upper peripheral edge.

En particulier, la paroi de support forme un capot, notamment métallique, dont les bords périphériques viennent rejoindre le second substrat, les bords inférieur et supérieur étant pourvus respectivement d'au moins une ouverture et de trous afin de permettre respectivement l'entrée d'air froid depuis l'ouverture et la sortie d'air chaud hors des trous, les bords périphériques possédant de préférence une forme biseautée de manière à ce que le capot ne soit pas visible lorsque le radiateur est vu de face.In particular, the support wall forms a cover, in particular a metal cover, whose peripheral edges join the second substrate, the lower and upper edges being provided respectively with at least one opening and with holes in order to respectively allow the entry of cold air from the opening and exit of hot air out of the holes, the peripheral edges preferably having a beveled shape so that the cover is not visible when the radiator is seen from the front.

La paroi de support (le capot) joue les rôles de supporter les deux substrats en verre, de protéger les éléments électriques et d'accentuer la composante convective du chauffage.The support wall (the cover) plays the roles of supporting the two glass substrates, protecting the electrical elements and accentuating the convective component of the heating.

Selon une autre caractéristique, la paroi de support comporte des moyens de fixation du premier substrat, qui est de préférence assemblé de manière amovible à ladite paroi de support, les moyens de fixation comprenant notamment d'une part deux glissières latérales opposées, agencées verticalement en position montée du dispositif, dans lesquelles le premier substrat est introduit par coulissement, et d'autre part une butée basse continue ou au moins deux butées basses, contre laquelle ou lesquelles s'appuie le chant (inférieur) du premier substrat.According to another characteristic, the support wall comprises means for fixing the first substrate, which is preferably removably assembled to said support wall, the fixing means comprising in particular on the one hand two opposite lateral guides, arranged vertically in mounted position of the device, in which the first substrate is slidably introduced, and secondly a continuous low stop or at least two low stops, against which or relies the (lower) edge of the first substrate.

De préférence, le dispositif comporte un cache amovible qui est agencé au niveau de l'ouverture ménagée dans le bord périphérique inférieur de la paroi de support du dispositif, le cache comprenant des lumières en regard de ladite ouverture, le cache comprenant en outre de préférence au moins deux butées en saillie vers l'intérieur du dispositif et contre lesquelles s'appuie le chant (inférieur) du premier substrat.Preferably, the device comprises a removable cover which is arranged at the opening in the lower peripheral edge of the support wall of the device, the cover comprising lights facing said opening, the cover preferably further comprising at least two abutments projecting towards the inside of the device and against which the (lower) edge of the first substrate rests.

La paroi de support comporte sur sa face dite externe, opposée à celle en regard du premier substrat, des moyens de fixation du dispositif contre une paroi murale, telle que des encoches.The support wall has on its so-called outer face, opposite to that facing the first substrate, means for fixing the device against a wall, such as notches.

Selon une autre caractéristique, la paroi de support comporte, dans le prolongement des bords périphériques, un retour périphérique, le second substrat étant rapporté et fixé en applique contre le retour périphérique des bords périphériques de la paroi de support, de préférence par collage.According to another feature, the support wall comprises, in the extension of the peripheral edges, a peripheral return, the second substrate being attached and fixed against the peripheral return of the peripheral edges of the support wall, preferably by gluing.

L'élément chauffant à effet Joule comprend une couche mince électro-conductrice, du type à oxyde(s) métalliques transparent(s), déposée sur le verre et de préférence basse émissive, ou un film plastique pourvu d'une résistance électrique et rapporté par collage contre le verre, l'élément à effet Joule étant conçu pour dissiper notamment entre 2000 et 4000 W/m2. La couche basse émissive permet d'orienter la chaleur émise par radiation vers le second substrat de façade et par conséquent vers la pièce à chauffer.The Joule heating element comprises an electroconductive thin layer, of the transparent metal oxide (s) type, deposited on the glass and preferably a low emissivity, or a plastic film provided with an electrical resistance and attached by gluing against the glass, the Joule effect element being designed to dissipate in particular between 2000 and 4000 W / m 2 . The low emissivity layer makes it possible to direct the heat emitted by radiation towards the second facade substrate and consequently towards the room to be heated.

Selon une autre particularité, la paroi de support comporte en outre, au-dessus du chant supérieur du premier substrat une lamelle de protection du premier substrat afin de protéger l'élément chauffant, qui est électro-conducteur, des risques d'éclaboussures d'eau.According to another feature, the support wall further comprises, above the upper edge of the first substrate a protective blade of the first substrate to protect the heating element, which is electrically conductive, the risk of splashing. water.

Selon une autre particularité, le premier substrat en verre est par exemple en verre incolore ou coloré, du type silico-sodo-calcique trempé, ou du type borosilicate non trempé.According to another feature, the first glass substrate is, for example, colorless or colored glass, of the hardened soda-lime silico-calcium type, or of the unhardened borosilicate type.

Selon une autre particularité, le second substrat en verre est trempé, de préférence un verre monolithique. Il peut être incolore ou coloré.In another feature, the second glass substrate is quenched, preferably a monolithic glass. It can be colorless or colored.

La face externe de ce second substrat, c'est-à-dire la face en regard de l'environnement extérieur, peut être lisse ou texturée ou encore présenter des motifs ou décors esthétiques par exemple par sérigraphie. Cette face peut également être revêtue de couches fonctionnelles, en particulier de couches anti-salissures ou autonettoyantes, notamment à base d'oxyde de titane photocatalytique.The outer face of this second substrate, that is to say the face facing the outside environment, may be smooth or textured or may present patterns or aesthetic decorations for example by screen printing. This face may also be coated with functional layers, in particular anti-fouling or self-cleaning layers, in particular based on photocatalytic titanium oxide.

Le dispositif présente une forme générale de préférence rectangulaire ou carrée. Il présente des dimensions telles que comprises entre 500 mm et 1800 mm, notamment entre 700 mm et 1600 mm. Son épaisseur incluant la paroi de support et les deux substrats verriers est inférieure à 50 mm. Le radiateur est par conséquent très peu encombrant en épaisseur, esthétique par sa structure verrière, tout en procurant un chauffage radiatif et convectif efficace avec la combinaison très avantageuse d'un radiateur à inertie.The device has a generally rectangular or square shape. It has dimensions such as between 500 mm and 1800 mm, in particular between 700 mm and 1600 mm. Its thickness including the support wall and the two glass substrates is less than 50 mm. The radiator is therefore very compact in thickness, aesthetic by its glass structure, while providing effective radiative and convective heating with the very advantageous combination of an inertia radiator.

Le dispositif de chauffage de l'invention peut être utilisé dans tous types de pièces, chambres, séjour, salles de bain... Dans ce dernier cas en particulier, le dispositif selon l'invention peut être muni au regard de la face externe du second substrat d'au moins une barre horizontale, destinée par exemple à suspendre des serviettes. La barre horizontale peut par exemple être fixée à l'aide de mâchoires solidarisées à la paroi de support (le capot), ou être directement fixée sur la cloison ou le mur contre lequel est fixé le dispositif. Le dispositif selon l'invention peut alors servir de radiateur sèche-serviette.The heating device of the invention can be used in all types of rooms, bedrooms, living rooms, bathrooms ... In the latter case in particular, the device according to the invention can be provided with regard to the outer face of the second substrate of at least one horizontal bar, for example for hanging towels. The horizontal bar may for example be fixed by means of jaws secured to the support wall (the cover), or be directly attached to the wall or the wall against which the device is attached. The device according to the invention can then be used as a towel radiator.

L'élément chauffant peut être en une seule partie couvrant substantiellement la totalité de la surface de l'une des faces du premier substrat (face en regard de la paroi de support), hormis sur au moins les deux côtés verticaux selon une marge de l'ordre par exemple de 10 mm, les normes de sécurité imposant 8 mm pour éviter tout risque de conduite de l'électricité avec la paroi de support lorsque celle-ci est métallique.The heating element may be in a single part covering substantially the entire surface of one of the faces of the first substrate (opposite side of the support wall), except on at least the two vertical sides in a margin of 1 order for example of 10 mm, the safety standards impose 8 mm to avoid any risk of conducting electricity with the support wall when it is metallic.

En variante, l'élément chauffant est avantageusement composé de plusieurs parties indépendantes, par exemple deux ou trois, ce qui permet d'obtenir des températures différentes selon les zones de la première paroi. Par « parties indépendantes », on entend des zones distinctes susceptibles d'être alimentées électriquement indépendamment les unes des autres. Cette caractéristique est particulièrement avantageuse dans le cas d'un radiateur sèche-serviette : la puissance distribuée dans la partie de l'élément chauffant qui se situe en regard de la serviette peut être diminuée, tandis que la puissance distribuée dans la partie de l'élément chauffant qui ne se situe pas en regard de la serviette peut rester identique ou être augmentée. Il est ainsi possible d'éviter les surchauffes locales dues à la présence de serviettes, tout en ne pénalisant pas le chauffage de la pièce.In a variant, the heating element is advantageously composed of several independent parts, for example two or three, which makes it possible to obtain different temperatures according to the zones of the first wall. "Independent parts" means distinct areas that can be electrically powered independently of one another. This characteristic is particularly advantageous in the case of a towel-drying radiator: the power distributed in the part of the heating element which is situated opposite the towel can be reduced, while the power distributed in the part of the towel Heating element that is not located next to the towel may remain the same or be increased. It is thus possible to avoid local overheating due to the presence of towels, while not penalizing the heating of the room.

Le dispositif comprend de préférence des moyens de régulation de la puissance électrique en fonction par exemple de la température de la pièce à chauffer et/ou du premier substrat doté de l'élément chauffant. Il peut s'agir typiquement de moyens de régulation thermostatique.The device preferably comprises means for regulating the electrical power as a function, for example, of the temperature of the part to be heated and / or of the first substrate provided with the heating element. It may be typically thermostatic control means.

Le dispositif peut comprendre en outre des moyens de commande ou de visualisation de la température et/ou de la puissance électrique. Les moyens de commande comprennent de préférence des touches sensitives disposées sur la face externe du second substrat lorsque ce second substrat présente une épaisseur inférieure à 12 mm, par exemple lorsqu'il présente une épaisseur de 6 ou 8 mm. En particulier, il est possible d'utiliser une technique de détection capacitive, dans laquelle la paroi est utilisée comme diélectrique d'un condensateur. Le contact d'un doigt (ce dernier servant d'armature du condensateur) permet de modifier la capacité du condensateur, cette modification étant détectée. Le circuit de commande est situé du côté de la face interne du second substrat.The device may further comprise means for controlling or displaying the temperature and / or the electrical power. The control means preferably comprise sensitive keys disposed on the outer face of the second substrate when the second substrate has a thickness of less than 12 mm, for example when it has a thickness of 6 or 8 mm. In particular, it is possible to use a capacitive sensing technique, in which the wall is used as the dielectric of a capacitor. The contact of a finger (the latter serving as a reinforcement of the capacitor) makes it possible to modify the capacity of the capacitor, this change being detected. The control circuit is located on the side of the inner face of the second substrate.

La présente invention est maintenant décrite à l'aide d'exemples uniquement illustratifs et nullement limitatifs de la portée de l'invention, et à partir des illustrations ci-jointes, dans lesquelles :

  • La figure 1 représente une vue schématique en coupe verticale d'un dispositif de chauffage selon l'invention dans sa partie médiane ;
  • La figure 2 est une vue en coupe et de dessus du dispositif de chauffage selon l'invention ;
  • La figure 3 est une vue en perspective de la face externe ou arrière de la paroi de support ;
  • La figure 4 est une vue en perspective plongeante et de face de la paroi de support du dispositif ;
  • La figure 5 montre une vue en perspective plongeante et de face de la paroi de support du dispositif avec uniquement le premier substrat monté, le second substrat n'étant pas rapporté ;
  • Les figure 6a et 6b sont des vues partielles en perspective, respectivement de côté et de dessus, d'un moyen d'appui et de support pour le chant inférieur du premier substrat ;
  • La figure 7 est vue en perspective de la partie inférieure de la paroi de support.
The present invention is now described with the aid of examples which are only illustrative and in no way limit the scope of the invention, and from the attached illustrations, in which:
  • The figure 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a heating device according to the invention in its middle part;
  • The figure 2 is a sectional view from above of the heating device according to the invention;
  • The figure 3 is a perspective view of the outer or rear face of the support wall;
  • The figure 4 is a perspective plunging view and front of the support wall of the device;
  • The figure 5 shows a plunging and front perspective view of the support wall of the device with only the first substrate mounted, the second substrate not being reported;
  • The Figure 6a and 6b are partial perspective views, respectively from the side and from above, of a support and support means for the lower edge of the first substrate;
  • The figure 7 is perspective view of the lower part of the support wall.

Les figures ne sont pas à l'échelle pour en faciliter la lecture.The figures are not scaled for easy reading.

Le dispositif de chauffage 1 de l'invention illustré sur les figures schématiques 1 et 2 comporte une paroi de support 2, formant le fond du dispositif et destinée permettre la fixation du dispositif contre une paroi murale, un premier substrat 3 verrier doté d'un élément chauffant par effet Joule 4, et un second substrat 5 verrier isolant. Le premier substrat 3 doté de l'élément chauffant 4 est dit par la suite substrat chauffant. Le second substrat 5 est dit par la suite substrat de façade.The heating device 1 of the invention illustrated in the schematic figures 1 and 2 comprises a support wall 2, forming the bottom of the device and intended to allow the attachment of the device against a wall, a first glass substrate 3 having a Joule heating element 4, and a second insulating glass substrate 5. The first substrate 3 endowed of the heating element 4 is said thereafter heating substrate. The second substrate 5 is hereinafter referred to as a façade substrate.

La paroi de support 2 maintient en position et à distance le substrat chauffant 3 et le substrat de façade 5 avec un écartement entre la paroi de support 2 et le substrat chauffant 3 et un écartement entre le substrat chauffant 3 et le substrats de façade 5.The support wall 2 maintains in position and at a distance the heating substrate 3 and the facing substrate 5 with a spacing between the support wall 2 and the heating substrate 3 and a gap between the heating substrate 3 and the facing substrates 5.

La paroi de support 2 comporte une face interne 20 en regard du premier substrat 3 et une face opposée externe 21 destinée à être en applique contre une paroi murale.The support wall 2 has an inner face 20 facing the first substrate 3 and an opposite outer face 21 intended to be applied against a wall wall.

La paroi de support 2 comporte sur sa face externe 21, opposée à celle en regard du premier substrat, des moyens de fixation du dispositif contre une paroi murale, telle que des encoches 21A (figure 3).The support wall 2 has on its outer face 21, opposite to that facing the first substrate, means for fixing the device against a wall, such as notches 21A ( figure 3 ).

En regard des figures 3 et 4, la paroi de support 2 présente une surface générale plane et quatre bords périphériques 22 à 25 sur le pourtour de cette surface plane, chacun des bords étant incliné de façon à ce que la paroi de support 2 forme un capot. Le substrat de façade 5 est agencé en applique contre l'extrémité des bords périphériques 22 à 25 au niveau d'un plan P vertical. La distance séparant le plan de la face interne 20 de la paroi de support 2 et le plan P est de l'ordre de 40 à 50 mm, définissant la profondeur du capot. De préférence, les bords périphériques 22 à 25 se prolongent par un retour périphérique 2A contre lequel est fixé par collage le substrat de façade 5.With regard to Figures 3 and 4 , the support wall 2 has a generally planar surface and four peripheral edges 22 to 25 on the periphery of this flat surface, each of the edges being inclined so that the support wall 2 forms a cover. The facade substrate 5 is arranged in a lug against the end of the peripheral edges 22 to 25 at a vertical plane P. The distance separating the plane of the inner face 20 of the support wall 2 and the plane P is of the order of 40 to 50 mm, defining the depth of the hood. Preferably, the peripheral edges 22 to 25 extend by a peripheral return 2A against which is fixed by bonding the facade substrate 5.

La profondeur du capot est adaptée pour loger le substrat chauffant 3 tout en procurant les écartements respectifs entre le substrat chauffant 3, et d'une part la paroi de support 2, et d'autre part le substrat de façade 5. L'ensemble du dispositif de chauffage 1 depuis le plan de la face externe 21 jusqu'au plan de façade du substrat de façade 5 présente un encombrement tel que l'épaisseur est de l'ordre de 55 mm dans l'exemple particulier de l'invention.The depth of the hood is adapted to accommodate the heating substrate 3 while providing the respective spacings between the heating substrate 3, and on the one hand the support wall 2, and on the other hand the façade substrate 5. The entire heating device 1 from the plane of the outer face 21 to the front plane of the facade substrate 5 presents a size such that the thickness is of the order of 55 mm in the particular example of the invention.

A titre d'exemple préférentiel nullement limitatif, les dimensions en épaisseur sont les suivantes :

  • Le substrat chauffant 2 présente une épaisseur de verre de l'ordre de 4 mm ;
  • Le substrat verrier de façade 5 présente une épaisseur de verre de l'ordre de 6,8mm ;
  • le substrat chauffant 3 est espacé de la face interne 20 de la paroi 2 de l'ordre de 15 mm, tandis qu'il est espacé du substrat de façade 5 de l'ordre de 15 mm.
By way of non-limiting preferential example, the thickness dimensions are as follows:
  • The heating substrate 2 has a glass thickness of the order of 4 mm;
  • The facade glass substrate 5 has a glass thickness of the order of 6.8 mm;
  • the heating substrate 3 is spaced from the inner face 20 of the wall 2 of the order of 15 mm, while it is spaced from the facade substrate 5 of the order of 15 mm.

La paroi de support 2 comporte des moyens de fixation 6 de façon amovible du substrat chauffant 3 et des moyens de fixation 7 du second substrat 5.The support wall 2 comprises detachably fastening means 6 of the heating substrate 3 and fastening means 7 of the second substrate 5.

En regard des figures 3 et 5, les moyens de fixation 6 de façon amovible comportent deux glissières de maintien 60 et 61 verticales et espacées de la largeur du substrat chauffant 3, et une butée basse inférieure 62 formée par une partie du bord périphérique inférieur 24 de la paroi 2 ou de préférence par un cache 62A (illustré sur les figures 6a, 6b, et 7) rapporté de manière amovible, par exemple par vissage, au niveau du bord périphérique inférieur 24 qui est en partie troué selon une ouverture 26 (figure 4 et 5).With regard to figures 3 and 5 , the fastening means 6 removably comprise two retaining slides 60 and 61 vertical and spaced from the width of the heating substrate 3, and a lower bottom stop 62 formed by a portion of the lower peripheral edge 24 of the wall 2 or preferably by a cover 62A (shown on the Figures 6a, 6b, and 7 ) removably attached, for example by screwing, at the lower peripheral edge 24 which is partially perforated along an opening 26 ( figure 4 and 5 ).

En regard des figures 6a et 6b, le cache 62A comporte deux éléments espacés en saillie de la face destinée à être tournée vers l'intérieur du capot, ces éléments formant deux butées basses 62. Le cache comporte en outre des lumières 62B permettant à l'air de s'introduire au niveau de l'ouverture 26 via ces lumières.With regard to Figures 6a and 6b , the cover 62A comprises two spaced apart elements projecting from the face intended to be turned towards the inside of the cover, these elements forming two low stops 62. The cover furthermore comprises lights 62B allowing the air to be introduced at level of the opening 26 via these lights.

Le substrat chauffant 3 est monté dans le capot en étant inséré entre les glissières de maintien 60 et 61 de sorte à reposer par son chant inférieur contre la butée basse 62.The heating substrate 3 is mounted in the hood by being inserted between the holding rails 60 and 61 so as to rest by its lower edge against the lower stop 62.

Le bord inférieur 24 de la paroi de support 2 comprend l'ouverture 26 oblongue s'étendant en longueur sur la quasi-totalité du bord inférieur de la paroi de support 2 et ayant une largeur telle qu'elle puisse être en regard des espaces d'écartement à la fois entre les deux substrats verriers 3 et 5 et entre le substrat chauffant 3 et la face verticale 21 de la paroi de support 2.The lower edge 24 of the support wall 2 comprises the oblong opening 26 extending in length over almost the entire lower edge of the support wall 2 and having a width such that it can be facing spacing both between the two glass substrates 3 and 5 and between the heating substrate 3 and the vertical face 21 of the support wall 2.

Pour garantir une fixation en partie supérieure du substrat chauffant, le substrat chauffant 3 pouvant légèrement se courber sous l'effet de la chaleur, il peut être prévu (figure 5) une patte amovible 63 fixée sur la face interne 21 de la paroi de support en partie supérieure qui retient le bord supérieur du substrat chauffant 3.In order to guarantee attachment to the upper part of the heating substrate, since the heating substrate 3 can slightly bend under the effect of heat, it can be provided ( figure 5 ) a removable tab 63 fixed on the inner face 21 of the support wall in the upper part which holds the upper edge of the heating substrate 3.

Le bord supérieur 25 de la paroi de support 2 comporte une multitude de trous 27 qui sont en regard des espaces d'écartement entre les deux substrats verriers et entre le substrat chauffant et la face verticale de la paroi de support. Ainsi, l'air rentrant depuis l'ouverture inférieure 26 se réchauffe dans les espaces d'écartement via le rayonnement chauffant issu de l'élément chauffant 4, et s'élève pour s'échapper par les trous 27, réchauffant l'air de la pièce par convection.The upper edge 25 of the support wall 2 comprises a multitude of holes 27 which are opposite the spacing spaces between the two glass substrates and between the heating substrate and the vertical face of the support wall. Thus, the air returning from the lower opening 26 is heated in the spacing spaces via the heating radiation from the heating element 4, and rises to escape through the holes 27, heating the air of the room by convection.

L'élément chauffant par effet Joule 4 est disposé sur la quasi-totalité de la face dite arrière 30 du substrat chauffant 3, face en regard de la face interne 20 de la paroi de support 2. Ladite face arrière 30 du substrat chauffant 3 est dépourvue d'élément chauffant le long au moins de ses deux bords verticaux en contact avec les glissières de maintien 60 et 61, selon une marge de l'ordre de 3,5 mm, garantissant la sécurité électrique.The heating element by Joule effect 4 is disposed on almost all of the so-called rear face 30 of the heating substrate 3, face facing the inner face 20 of the support wall 2. Said rear face 30 of the heating substrate 3 is devoid of heating element along at least its two vertical edges in contact with the retaining slides 60 and 61, according to a margin of the order of 3.5 mm, ensuring electrical safety.

L'agencement de l'élément chauffant 4 tourné vers la paroi de support 2 et la forme en capot de la paroi 2 permettent d'accueillir le substrat chauffant 3 en toute sécurité, évitant à l'utilisateur tout accès à l'élément électrique chauffant.The arrangement of the heating element 4 turned towards the support wall 2 and the hooded shape of the wall 2 make it possible to receive the heating substrate 3 in complete safety, avoiding to the user any access to the electric heating element .

De préférence, l'élément chauffant 4 est constitué d'une couche mince transparente électro-conductrice formant une résistance électrique, et constituant avantageusement une couche à basse émissivité de manière à renvoyer une grande partie du rayonnement vers l'opposé de la couche, c'est-à-dire vers le second substrat 5, dit substrat de façade. L'alimentation électrique de l'élément chauffant 4 est amenée via deux collecteurs électro-conducteurs tels que des bandes de pâtes d'argent sérigraphiées s'étendant le long des deux bords verticaux opposés en bordure de la couche. En regard des figures 5 et 7, des câbles électriques 40 sont connectés aux collecteurs électro-conducteurs de l'élément chauffant 4, et ressortent extérieurement au dispositif via les lumières 62B du cache 62A inférieur.Preferably, the heating element 4 consists of a transparent electroconductive thin film forming an electrical resistance, and advantageously constituting a low-emissivity layer so as to return a large part of the radiation towards the opposite of the layer, c that is to say towards the second substrate 5, called the facade substrate. The power supply of the heating element 4 is supplied via two electrically conductive collectors, such as strips of serigraphed silver pastes extending along the two opposite vertical edges at the edge of the layer. With regard to Figures 5 and 7 , electric cables 40 are connected to the electrically conductive collectors of the heating element 4, and emerge externally to the device via the slots 62B of the lower cover 62A.

En regard de la figure 5, le dispositif comporte en outre au-dessus du substrat chauffant 3, au-dessus de son chant supérieur, et sous et à distance du bord périphérique supérieur 25 troué, une lamelle 28 couvrant à distance le chant du premier substrat afin de protéger l'élément chauffant qui est électro-conducteur, des risques d'éclaboussures d'eau.With regard to the figure 5 the device further comprises above the heating substrate 3, above its upper edge, and under and away from the perforated upper peripheral edge, a lamella 28 remotely covering the edge of the first substrate to protect the heating element that is electrically conductive, risk of splashing water.

Le substrat verrier de façade 5 constitue un élément isolant électriquement. Il est constitué d'un verre monolithique trempé. Il présente une épaisseur supérieure à celle du substrat chauffant. De préférence, son épaisseur est comprise entre 5 et 15 mm.The facade glass substrate 5 constitutes an electrically insulating element. It consists of a tempered monolithic glass. It has a thickness greater than that of the heating substrate. Preferably, its thickness is between 5 and 15 mm.

Le substrat de façade 5 joue un rôle radiatif en dissipant le rayonnement issu de l'élément chauffant 4 du substrat chauffant et apporte une inertie thermique.The facade substrate 5 plays a radiative role by dissipating the radiation from the heating element 4 of the heating substrate and provides a thermal inertia.

L'épaisseur du substrat de façade 5 est adaptée pour assurer l'inertie thermique recherchée par rapport à la puissance du radiateur, tout en veillant, en fonction des autres dimensions du radiateur (longueur et largeur) à ne pas être trop lourd.The thickness of the facade substrate 5 is adapted to ensure the desired thermal inertia compared to the power of the radiator, while ensuring, depending on the other dimensions of the radiator (length and width) not to be too heavy.

Le dispositif de chauffage de l'invention procure ainsi un radiateur qui dissipe de l'énergie par radiation, convection et inertie, tout en étant esthétique et de faible encombrement en épaisseur, de préférence d'au plus 55 mm.The heating device of the invention thus provides a radiator that dissipates energy by radiation, convection and inertia, while being aesthetic and compact in thickness, preferably at most 55 mm.

Enfin, lorsqu'il s'agit de changer le substrat chauffant 3, par exemple en cas de vérification ou de défectuosité électrique, les étapes sont les suivantes :

  • débrancher électriquement le radiateur ;
  • saisir le radiateur et le positionner horizontalement ;
  • dévisser le cache inférieur 62A ;
  • translater le substrat chauffant 3 le long des glissières 60 et 61 pour le sortir hors du dispositif ;
  • introduire un nouveau substrat chauffant :
  • remonter le cache 62A en faisant sortir les câbles électriques via les lumières 62B ;
  • remettre le radiateur en position verticale.
Finally, when it comes to changing the heating substrate 3, for example in the case of verification or electrical failure, the steps are as follows:
  • electrically disconnect the radiator;
  • grasp the radiator and position it horizontally;
  • unscrew the lower cover 62A;
  • translating the heating substrate 3 along the slides 60 and 61 out of the device;
  • introduce a new heating substrate:
  • refit the cover 62A by pulling out the electric cables via the lights 62B;
  • return the radiator to the upright position.

Claims (13)

Dispositif de chauffage électrique (1) comportant : - un premier substrat (3) en verre ou vitrocéramique doté sur l'une de ses faces d'un élément chauffant par effet Joule (4), - une paroi de support (2) apte à porter le premier substrat (3) tout en ménageant un espace entre ledit premier substrat (3) et la paroi de support (2), l'élément chauffant (4) étant agencé sur la face du premier substrat (3) disposée en regard de la paroi de support (2), et - un second substrat (5) en verre ou vitrocéramique, dépourvu d'élément chauffant par effet Joule, le second substrat (5) formant la façade du dispositif et étant disposé à l'opposé de la paroi de support (2) par rapport au premier substrat (3), et à distance du premier substrat (3). Electric heater (1) comprising: a first glass or glass-ceramic substrate (3) provided on one of its faces with a Joule heating element (4), - a support wall (2) adapted to carry the first substrate (3) while providing a space between said first substrate (3) and the support wall (2), the heating element (4) being arranged on the face the first substrate (3) arranged opposite the support wall (2), and a second substrate (5) made of glass or glass-ceramic, devoid of a Joule heating element, the second substrate (5) forming the front of the device and being disposed opposite the support wall (2) relative to the first substrate (3), and away from the first substrate (3). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel, le second substrat (5) présente une épaisseur supérieure à celle du premier substrat (3), notamment comprise entre 5 et 15 mm, tel que 6, 8 ou 12 mm.Device according to claim 1, wherein the second substrate (5) has a thickness greater than that of the first substrate (3), in particular between 5 and 15 mm, such as 6, 8 or 12 mm. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel, les premier et second substrats (3, 5) sont parallèles et sont espacés d'une distance comprise entre 10 et 20 mm, tel que de l'ordre de 15 mm.Device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first and second substrates (3, 5) are parallel and are spaced apart by a distance of between 10 and 20 mm, such as of the order of 15 mm. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la paroi de support (2) comporte sur son pourtour quatre bords périphériques (22, 23, 24, 25) qui s'avancent jusqu'au deuxième substrat (5), perpendiculairement ou de manière inclinée par rapport au plan général de la paroi de support, et qui chapeaute l'espace entre les premier et deuxième substrats en verre (3, 5).Device according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the support wall (2) has on its periphery four peripheral edges (22, 23, 24, 25) which project towards the second substrate (5), perpendicularly or inclined relative to the general plane of the support wall, and which encloses the space between the first and second glass substrates (3, 5). Dispositif selon la revendication 4, dans lequel, le bord périphérique supérieur (25) comporte une multitude de trous (27) et le bord périphérique inférieur (23) comporte une ouverture (26) ou des orifices de sorte que l'air entrant par l'ouverture (26) ou les orifices du bord périphérique inférieur (23), passe entre les premier et deuxième substrats (3, 5) et chauffe au voisinage du premier substrat (3), et monte pour s'échapper à travers la multitude de trous (27) du bord périphérique supérieur (25).An apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the upper peripheral edge (25) has a plurality of holes (27) and the lower peripheral edge (23) has an opening (26) or orifices such that the air entering through the opening (26) or the orifices of the lower peripheral edge (23) passes between the first and second substrates (3, 5) and heats in the vicinity of the first substrate (3), and rises to escape through the multitude of holes (27) of the upper peripheral edge (25). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, la paroi de support (2) comporte des moyens de fixation (6) du premier substrat (3) qui est de préférence assemblé de manière amovible à ladite paroi de support (6), les moyens de fixation comprenant notamment d'une part deux glissières latérales opposées (60, 61), agencées verticalement en position montée du dispositif, dans lesquelles le premier substrat (3) est introduit par coulissement, et d'autre part une butée basse continue (24) ou au moins deux butées basses, contre laquelle ou lesquelles s'appuie le chant inférieur du premier substrat (3).Device according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the support wall (2) comprises means (6) for fixing the first substrate (3) which is preferably removably connected to said support wall (6) , the fixing means comprising in particular on the one hand two opposite lateral slides (60, 61), arranged vertically in the mounted position of the device, in which the first substrate (3) is slidably inserted, and on the other hand a low stop continuous (24) or at least two low stops, against which or which rests the lower edge of the first substrate (3). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, la paroi de support (2) comporte sur sa face dite externe (21), opposée à celle en regard du premier substrat, des moyens de fixation du dispositif contre une paroi murale, telle que des encoches (21A).Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the support wall (2) has on its so-called outer face (21), opposite to that facing the first substrate, means for fixing the device against a wall wall, such as notches (21A). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 7, dans lequel, la paroi de support (2) comporte, dans le prolongement des bords périphériques (22, 23, 24, 25), un retour périphérique (2A), le second substrat (5) étant rapporté et fixé en applique contre le retour périphérique (2A) des bords périphériques (22, 23, 24, 25) de la paroi de support (2), de préférence par collage.Device according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein, the support wall (2) comprises, in the extension of the peripheral edges (22, 23, 24, 25), a peripheral return (2A), the second substrate (5) being attached and fixed against the circumferential return (2A) of the peripheral edges (22, 23, 24, 25) of the support wall (2), preferably by gluing. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, l'élément chauffant à effet Joule (4) comprend une couche mince électro-conductrice, du type à oxyde(s) métalliques, déposée sur le verre et de préférence basse émissive, ou un film plastique pourvu d'une résistance électrique et rapporté par collage contre le verre, l'élément chauffant à effet Joule étant conçu pour dissiper notamment entre 2000 et 4000 W/m2.Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the Joule heating element (4) comprises an electroconductive thin film, of the metal oxide (s) type, deposited on the glass and preferably low emissivity, or a plastic film provided with an electrical resistance and reported by gluing against the glass, the Joule heating element being designed to dissipate in particular between 2000 and 4000 W / m 2 . Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la paroi de support (2) comporte en outre, au-dessus du chant supérieur du premier substrat (3) une lamelle (28) de protection du premier substrat (3).Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support wall (2) further comprises, above the upper edge of the first substrate (3) a lamella (28) for protecting the first substrate (3). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, le second substrat (5) est un verre monolithique trempé incolore ou coloré.Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second substrate (5) is a colorless, colorless, quenched monolithic glass. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, le second substrat (5) présente sur sa face externe, disposée à l'opposé du premier substrat (3), des motifs ou décors esthétiques, et/ou est revêtu de couches fonctionnelles, en particulier de couches anti-salissures ou auto-nettoyantes, notamment à base d'oxyde de titane photocatalytique.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, in which, the second substrate (5) has, on its outer face, arranged opposite the first substrate (3), aesthetic patterns or decorations, and / or is coated with layers functional, in particular anti-fouling or self-cleaning layers, in particular based on photocatalytic titanium oxide. Utilisation d'un dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, en tant que radiateur dans un bâtiment, notamment en tant que radiateur sèche-serviettes, le dispositif pouvant être muni en regard de la face externe du second substrat (5) d'au moins une barre horizontale fixée à la paroi de support ou directement fixée sur la cloison ou le mur contre lequel est fixé le dispositif.Use of a device according to any one of the preceding claims, as a radiator in a building, in particular as a towel radiator, the device being able to be provided facing the external face of the second substrate (5). at least one horizontal bar fixed to the support wall or directly fixed to the wall or wall against which the device is fixed.
EP17191759.4A 2016-09-20 2017-09-19 Radiating and convective electrical heating device Active EP3296643B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1658830A FR3056285B1 (en) 2016-09-20 2016-09-20 RADIATION AND CONVICTIVE ELECTRICAL HEATING DEVICE

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EP3296643A1 true EP3296643A1 (en) 2018-03-21
EP3296643B1 EP3296643B1 (en) 2020-09-09

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FR (1) FR3056285B1 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3009800A1 (en) * 1980-03-14 1981-09-24 Bischoff Glastechnik GmbH & Co KG, 7518 Bretten Electric heating unit for use in building - comprises three parallel glass plates with one outer member bearing thin copper film connected to power supply
JPS63156935A (en) * 1986-12-19 1988-06-30 Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd Electric room heater
WO1996027271A1 (en) * 1995-03-01 1996-09-06 Compagnie Generale D'innovation Et De Developpement Cogidev Electric heating element of the convection or convection-radiation type
EP1030130A1 (en) * 1999-02-19 2000-08-23 Seb S.A. Towel drier with glass panel
EP2431669A1 (en) * 2010-09-21 2012-03-21 Vismaravetro S.r.l. Electrically heated glass panel

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3009800A1 (en) * 1980-03-14 1981-09-24 Bischoff Glastechnik GmbH & Co KG, 7518 Bretten Electric heating unit for use in building - comprises three parallel glass plates with one outer member bearing thin copper film connected to power supply
JPS63156935A (en) * 1986-12-19 1988-06-30 Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd Electric room heater
WO1996027271A1 (en) * 1995-03-01 1996-09-06 Compagnie Generale D'innovation Et De Developpement Cogidev Electric heating element of the convection or convection-radiation type
EP1030130A1 (en) * 1999-02-19 2000-08-23 Seb S.A. Towel drier with glass panel
EP2431669A1 (en) * 2010-09-21 2012-03-21 Vismaravetro S.r.l. Electrically heated glass panel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3296643B1 (en) 2020-09-09
FR3056285A1 (en) 2018-03-23
FR3056285B1 (en) 2019-08-02

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