EP3292293B1 - Culasse destinée à un moteur a combustion interne - Google Patents

Culasse destinée à un moteur a combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3292293B1
EP3292293B1 EP16736760.6A EP16736760A EP3292293B1 EP 3292293 B1 EP3292293 B1 EP 3292293B1 EP 16736760 A EP16736760 A EP 16736760A EP 3292293 B1 EP3292293 B1 EP 3292293B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channel
cooling
cylinder head
flow
outlet valve
Prior art date
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Application number
EP16736760.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3292293A1 (fr
Inventor
Christof Knollmayr
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AVL List GmbH
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AVL List GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P1/00—Air cooling
    • F01P1/06—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts
    • F01P1/08—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts for cooling intake or exhaust valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/12—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts
    • F01P3/14—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts for cooling intake or exhaust valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/243—Cylinder heads and inlet or exhaust manifolds integrally cast together
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/38—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling the cylinder heads being of overhead valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/40—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling cylinder heads with means for directing, guiding, or distributing liquid stream 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F01P2003/024—Cooling cylinder heads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine with liquid cooling with at least two outlet valves for controlling outlet openings and at least one inlet valve for controlling at least one inlet opening per cylinder, with at least one cooling jacket through which coolant flows, with an outlet valve bridge between two adjacent outlet valves and between at least one outlet valve and an adjacent inlet valve each have an inlet / outlet valve bridge, and a first cooling channel is arranged in the area of at least one outlet valve bridge, and a second cooling channel is arranged in the area of at least one inlet / outlet valve bridge, and the first and second cooling channels are in a central cooling area of the Cylinder are flow-connected to one another and the first cooling channel is flow-connected to the second cooling channel only via the central cooling area, at least one second cooling channel having a flow dividing device which divides the second cooling channel at least in sections into a first partial channel and a second partial channel, at least one flow interruption device being arranged at least in an area diametrically opposite the first and / or second cooling channel with respect
  • the AT 506 473 B1 describes a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders with a coolant jacket which surrounds the outlet valves and which has a coolant collecting duct extending in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head on the outlet side. Cooling channels are arranged in the area of the outlet valve bridge and in the area of the inlet / outlet valve bridges. Since the coolant flow into the area of the cooling channel of the inlet / outlet valve bridge occurs on both sides of each outlet valve, flow stagnation and thus overheating in the area of the inlet / outlet valve bridges and the outlet valve guides can occur.
  • the DE 10 2005 050510 A1 describes a cylinder head for a water-cooled internal combustion engine with two inlet valves and two outlet valves per cylinder, the cooling duct being bifurcated after the inflow opening in the area of the outlet valves, so that the cooling duct forms a first pair of glasses and a second pair of glasses around the outlet valves that are arranged above these first glasses.
  • the second pair of glasses which are arranged geodetically higher, merge again into the geodetically lower lying first glasses shortly before the ignition device.
  • the JP 2002-256966 A1 discloses an internal combustion engine with liquid cooling with two inlet valves and two outlet valves per cylinder, a first cooling channel being arranged in the area of an outlet valve bridge and a second cooling channel being arranged in the area of an inlet / outlet valve bridge. No cooling duct is provided between the inlet valves.
  • the DE 10 2008 047 185 A1 describes a coolant flow path arrangement of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, a first cooling channel in the area of an exhaust valve bridge and a second cooling channel in the area of an inlet / outlet valve bridge being connected to one another via a central cooling area.
  • a flow interruption device is arranged in an area diametrically opposite the first cooling channel with respect to the outlet opening.
  • the DE 10 2007 030 482 A1 shows a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine with two exhaust valves and two intake valves per cylinder, an exhaust valve bridge being arranged between two adjacent exhaust valves and an intake / exhaust valve bridge in each case between an exhaust valve and an adjacent intake valve.
  • a first cooling channel is arranged in the area of the outlet valve bridge and a second cooling channel is arranged in each case in the area of the inlet / outlet valve bridges.
  • the first and second cooling channels are flow-connected to one another in a central cooling area of the cylinder.
  • a similar cooling arrangement is from the document CN 103 835 830 A known.
  • the EP 1 884 647 A2 shows a liquid-cooled cylinder head for an internal combustion engine, which has two exhaust valves and two intake valves per cylinder.
  • the purpose of first and second flow guide ribs in the area of an outlet valve bridge running between two adjacent outlet valves and a gap that forms between them is that relatively little coolant flows geodetically upwards into the coolant channel, so that the critical foot area is more strongly flown with coolant and cooled with water.
  • the pamphlet DE 699 10 249 T2 shows a cylinder head for a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine, a cooling space on the outlet side and a cooling space on the inlet side being brought together between two cylinders in the area of the transverse engine planes.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the cooling in the area of the inlet / outlet valve bridges and in the area of the outlet valve guides.
  • the first sub-channel and the second sub-channel are preferably brought together both upstream and downstream of the flow dividing device.
  • the first and second partial channels are brought together in the area of the first cooling channel.
  • the connecting duct located in the area of an engine transverse plane between two adjacent cylinders or on at least one end face of the cylinder head connects two outlet-side and / or two inlet-side cooling jacket sections of two adjacent cylinders and / or at least one outlet-side cooling jacket section with an inlet-side cooling jacket section.
  • the flow division of the second cooling channel thus takes place essentially only in the area of the inlet / outlet valve bridge.
  • the coolant flow in the area of the inlet / outlet valve bridge is thus divided into two partial flows, the first partial flow flowing through the first partial channel around the outlet valves and thus cooling the corresponding outlet valve seat.
  • the second partial flow of the second partial channel cools the transition area between the inlet and outlet valves.
  • the two sub-channels enable a directed flow and precise cooling of thermally highly stressed areas of the inlet / outlet valve bridge and in particular of the adjacent outlet valve seat.
  • a flow interruption is understood to mean both a complete interruption of the cooling channel, for example by material entry or a cover device, and a throttle point or device that interrupts the flow. It is particularly advantageous if the first cooling channel and at least one second cooling channel - preferably the first cooling channel and the first partial channel - together surround at least one outlet valve guide over an angular range between 180 ° and 300 °, preferably approximately 210 ° to 240 °. The second cooling duct is thus exposed to the first cooling duct in an area facing the outlet longitudinal side wall of the cylinder head by the flow interruption device. A complete flow around the exhaust valves is thus prevented.
  • the cylinder head can have an integrated coolant collecting duct extending over at least two cylinders and / or at least one integrated exhaust gas collector extending over at least two cylinders, which is at least partially surrounded by an exhaust gas cooling jacket.
  • the first cooling channel of each cylinder can be connected to the coolant collecting channel and / or to the exhaust gas cooling jacket via at least one transfer channel.
  • the main flow from or to the coolant collecting or coolant distribution channel or from or to the exhaust gas cooling jacket of the exhaust manifold takes place via the transfer channel connected to the first cooling channel.
  • the coolant can flow in the conventional way via flow transfer openings in the area of the cylinder head level from the cooling jacket of the cylinder block into the cooling jacket of the cylinder head or - as is usual with so-called top-down cooling systems - flow from the cooling jacket of the cylinder head into the cooling jacket of the cylinder block.
  • the manufacturing outlay can be kept extremely small if the flow dividing device and / or the flow interrupting device is formed by a cast wall section of the cylinder head.
  • the flow dividing device and the flow interrupting device are thus formed by the casting material of the cylinder head itself, with only minor modifications of the casting mold or the casting cores being required.
  • the flow splitting device and / or the flow interrupting device can be used to significantly improve the heat dissipation from thermally highly stressed areas of the valve bridges, in particular the inlet / outlet valve bridges, and the outlet valve guides, particularly in high-performance internal combustion engines.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cooling jacket system 1 of an internal combustion engine with several cylinders 2, which has a cooling jacket 3 of a cylinder head 4 for cooling thermally critical areas such as fire deck 5, valve guides 14a, 14b, valve seats 14b, 15b, exhaust valve bridges 7 between the exhaust valves, inlet / outlet valve bridges 8 between Has inlet valves and outlet valves, outlet channels 9, etc. ( Fig. 5 ).
  • the cooling jacket 3 of the cylinder head 4 is in flow connection with a block cooling jacket 10 of a cylinder block (not shown).
  • FIG. 5 In the area of the cylinder head sealing plane 11 there are flow transfer openings 12, 13 on the outlet and / or inlet side per cylinder 2 between the cooling jacket 3 of the cylinder head 4 and the block cooling jacket 10, as shown in FIG Fig. 5 emerges.
  • the cylinder head 4 has two outlet valves and two inlet valves per cylinder 2, of which only the clearances 14 in the cooling jacket 3 for the outlet openings and the clearances 15 in the cooling jacket 3 for the inlet openings and - in Fig. 5 the outlet valve guides 14a or inlet valve guides 15a and outlet valve seats 14b and inlet valve seats 15b are shown.
  • the exhaust valve guides 14a are also in the Figures 6 to 8 drawn.
  • the cylinder head 4 has an integrated exhaust manifold 16 (see Fig. 5 ), which is at least partially surrounded by an exhaust gas cooling jacket 17.
  • the exhaust gas cooling jacket 17 stands with each cylinder 2 via a transfer channel 6 the cooling jacket 3 of the cylinder head 4 in flow connection, the transfer channel 6 per cylinder 2 being connected to a first cooling channel 18 arranged in the area of the exhaust valve bridge 7 between two exhaust valve openings 14.
  • a second cooling channel 19 is arranged, which is connected to the first cooling channel 18 in a central cooling area 20 that is close to the cylinder axis.
  • the cooling jacket 3 of the cylinder head 4 has an outlet-side cooling jacket section 3a and an inlet-side cooling jacket section 3b, which are flow-connected to one another in the area of transverse engine planes 23 between adjacent cylinders 2 and at the end faces 4a, 4b of the cylinder head 4 via connecting channels 22.
  • Engine transverse plane 23 here denotes a plane running normal to the engine longitudinal plane 2b between adjacent cylinders 2 spanned by the cylinder axes 2a.
  • the second cooling channel 19 is designed to be divided in the region of each inlet / outlet valve bridge 8, a first sub-channel 19a and a second sub-channel 19b being arranged on one side of a flow dividing device 21.
  • the flow dividing device 21 for example, sickle-shaped or kidney-shaped, thus divides the second cooling channel 19 into two sub-channels - namely into one Fig.
  • the outlet channel 9 drawn first partial channel 19a and a second partial channel 19b arranged in the figures obliquely below the first partial channel 19a, the partial channels 19a, 19b extending upstream of the flow dividing device 21 from the common flow path and downstream of the flow dividing device 21 again into a common flow path flow out.
  • the first sub-channel 19a is arranged in the shape of a circular sector partially around the foreign valve guide 14a, as a result of which optimal cooling of the outlet valve guide is achieved.
  • the second sub-channel 19b is arranged in the area of the outlet valve seat 14b very specifically dissipates heat from this area of the inlet / outlet valve bridge 8.
  • the first and second partial channels 19a, 19b are each brought together on the one hand in the area of the first cooling channel 18 and on the other hand in the area of the adjacent connecting channel 22 of the cooling jacket 3.
  • Each connecting channel 22 is designed such that it fluidly connects two outlet-side cooling jacket sections 3a and / or two inlet-side coolant sections 3b of two adjacent cylinders 2 and / or at least one outlet-side cooling jacket section 3a with an inlet-side cooling jacket section 3b.
  • the flow occurs from the first cooling channel 18 into the second cooling channel 19 or from the second cooling channel 19 into the first cooling channel 18.
  • the flow occurs at least in the areas of the transverse engine planes 23 essentially transversely to the engine longitudinal plane 2b spanned by the cylinder axes 2a.
  • the first cooling channel 18 is flow-connected to the second cooling channel 19 only via the central cooling area 20, wherein in an area diametrically opposite the first 18 and / or second cooling channel 19 with respect to the outlet opening 14 Cylinder head 2 a flow interruption device 24 is arranged (see FIGS. 6 to 8 ).
  • the flow interruption device 24 is, for example, a blockage or interruption of an area of the second cooling channel 19 surrounding the outlet valves, or a connection between the first 18 and the second cooling channel 19.
  • a throttle point or other types of flow interruptions can also be provided.
  • bypass flows between the first 18 and second cooling duct 19 around the outlet valve on the side of the outlet valve guide 14a facing away from the first cooling duct 18 can be avoided.
  • a defined radial flow in the longitudinal direction of the engine with high speeds and throughputs thus occurs locally in the area of every second cooling channel 19.
  • the cooling in the area of the corresponding inlet / outlet valve bridge 8 can be improved both with the flow dividing device 21 and with the flow interruption device 24. Particularly good heat dissipation can be achieved with a combination of the flow dividing device 21 and the flow interrupting device 24.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Culasse (4) de moteur à combustion interne à refroidissement par liquide comprenant au moins deux soupapes d'échappement pour commander les orifices d'échappement (14) et au moins une soupape d'admission pour commander au moins un orifice d'admission (15) par cylindre (2) ayant,
    - au moins une chemise (3) de refroidissement traversée par un agent de refroidissement,
    - un pont soupape d'échappement (7) entre deux soupapes d'échappement voisines, et chaque fois un pont d'admission/échappement (8) entre au moins une soupape d'échappement et une soupape d'admission voisine, et
    - un premier canal de refroidissement (18) dans la zone d'au moins un pont de soupape d'échappement (7), et un second canal de refroidissement (19), dans la zone d'au moins un pont admission/échappement (8), le premier et le second canal de refroidissement (18, 19) étant reliés de façon à communiquer l'un avec l'autre dans la zone centrale de refroidissement (20) du cylindre (2) et le premier canal de refroidissement (18) étant relié au second canal de refroidissement (19) pour communiquer, seulement par la zone centrale de refroidissement (20),
    au moins un second canal de refroidissement (19) avec une installation de division de flux (21) qui subdivise le second canal de refroidissement (19) au moins par segment, en une première partie de canal (19a) et une seconde partie de canal (19b), et
    au moins dans une zone diamétralement opposée par rapport à l'orifice d'échappement (14) du premier et/ou de second canal de refroidissement (18, 19) au moins une installation de coupure de flux (24),
    culasse caractérisée en ce que
    le premier canal partiel (19a) et le second canal partiel (19b) sont réunis dans la zone d'un canal de liaison (22) de la chemise de refroidissement (3) qui est dans la zone d'un plan transversal de moteur (23) entre deux cylindres voisins (2) et dans une zone d'au moins une face frontale (4a, 4b) de la culasse (4),
    de préférence le premier canal partiel (19a) se trouve dans la zone du passage d'une soupape d'échappement (14a) et le second canal partiel (19b) se trouve dans une zone d'une soupape d'échappement (14b) de la soupape d'échappement voisine.
  2. Culasse (4) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le premier et le second canal partiel (19a, 19b) sont réunis à la fois en amont et en aval de l'installation de division du flux (21).
  3. Culasse (4) selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le premier canal partiel (19a) et le second canal partiel (19b) sont réunis dans la zone du premier canal de refroidissement (18).
  4. Culasse (4) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le canal de liaison (22) relie entre eux deux segments de chemise de refroidissement côté sortant (3a) et/ou deux segments de chemise de refroidissement (3b) côté admission de la chemise de refroidissement (3).
  5. Culasse (4) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le canal de liaison (22) relié l'un à l'autre de façon à communiquer au moins un segment côté extérieur de segment (3a) de la chemise de refroidissement (3) avec un segment d'enveloppe de chemise (3b) côté admission.
  6. Culasse (4) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, comportant un collecteur de liquide de refroidissement intégré, s'étendant sur deux cylindres (2) et/ou au moins un collecteur de gaz d'échappement (16) intégré, s'étendant sur au moins deux cylindres (2), et qui est entouré au moins partiellement d'une chemise de refroidissement de gaz d'échappement (17),
    culasse caractérisée en ce que
    le premier canal de refroidissement (18) de chaque cylindre (2) est relié au canal collecteur d'agent de refroidissement et/ou à la chemise de refroidissement de gaz d'échappement (17) de préférence par au moins un canal de passage (6).
  7. Culasse (4) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    au moins un premier canal de refroidissement (18) et un second canal de refroidissement (19) relié à celui-ci - de préférence le premier canal partiel (19a) du second canal de refroidissement (19) - entourent ensemble au moins un passage de soupape d'échappement (14a) sur une plage angulaire (β) comprise entre 180° et 300°, de préférence entre environ 210° et 240°.
  8. Culasse (4) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'installation de division de flux (21) et/ou d'installation de coupure de flux (24) sont formées par un segment de paroi coulé, de la culasse (4).
EP16736760.6A 2015-05-07 2016-05-04 Culasse destinée à un moteur a combustion interne Active EP3292293B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50376/2015A AT517127B1 (de) 2015-05-07 2015-05-07 Zylinderkopf für eine brennkraftmaschine
PCT/AT2016/050127 WO2016176710A1 (fr) 2015-05-07 2016-05-04 Culasse destinée à un moteur a combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3292293A1 EP3292293A1 (fr) 2018-03-14
EP3292293B1 true EP3292293B1 (fr) 2020-12-30

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EP16736760.6A Active EP3292293B1 (fr) 2015-05-07 2016-05-04 Culasse destinée à un moteur a combustion interne

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10655559B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3292293B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107667214B (fr)
AT (1) AT517127B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016176710A1 (fr)

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CN107667214A (zh) 2018-02-06
CN107667214B (zh) 2020-01-14
WO2016176710A1 (fr) 2016-11-10
AT517127B1 (de) 2019-12-15
AT517127A1 (de) 2016-11-15
EP3292293A1 (fr) 2018-03-14
US10655559B2 (en) 2020-05-19
US20180106213A1 (en) 2018-04-19

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