EP3292287B1 - Dispositif d'injection d'eau d'un moteur à combustion interne et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un tel dispositif d'injection d'eau - Google Patents

Dispositif d'injection d'eau d'un moteur à combustion interne et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un tel dispositif d'injection d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3292287B1
EP3292287B1 EP16716874.9A EP16716874A EP3292287B1 EP 3292287 B1 EP3292287 B1 EP 3292287B1 EP 16716874 A EP16716874 A EP 16716874A EP 3292287 B1 EP3292287 B1 EP 3292287B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
internal combustion
combustion engine
heating element
injection device
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EP16716874.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3292287A1 (fr
Inventor
Ingmar Burak
Peter Schenk
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B47/00—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
    • F02B47/02—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/025—Adding water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
    • F02D41/064—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting at cold start

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a water injection device. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for operating such a water injection device.
  • a problem with known water injection systems is possible icing up of water-carrying components of the water injection system.
  • a heating element is used to operate the system at temperatures below the freezing point of the water used in the water injection system.
  • the disadvantage of this heating element is that the heat is reduced to a small area around the heating element. This can result in sub-optimal thawing of the iced components of the water injection system.
  • the heating element may lose contact with the water that is still frozen. This is known as the "ice cave effect".
  • the internal combustion engine according to the invention with water injection device with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that iced components of the water injection device can be thawed safely and quickly. Furthermore, the so-called ice cave effect is avoided, which could otherwise lead to a considerable reduction in the efficiency of the heating element.
  • a water injection device of an internal combustion engine which comprises a water tank for storing water, at least one water injector, a conveying element for conveying the water, which is connected to the water tank via a suction line and a return line, and a first heating element which is at least partially arranged on the suction line.
  • the first heating element is set up to thaw frozen water in the water tank and / or in the suction line in order to convey the thawed water in the suction line back into the water tank via the return line.
  • the heat generated by the heating element is evenly distributed in the water tank. This enables the water injection device to be ready for operation earlier at temperatures below the freezing point of the water and to allow the entire amount of water in the water tank to be thawed safely and quickly.
  • the requirements for the first heating element can be reduced, which leads to a cost-effective and compact design of the water injection device.
  • the conveying element is also set up to be operated during an active water injection during the thawing process that a minimum amount of thawed water remains in the water tank.
  • a minimum amount of thawed water remains in the water tank.
  • the water injection device preferably also has a second heating element which is at least partially arranged on the return line.
  • the second heating element is set up to additionally heat the water thawed by the first heating element.
  • the second heating element can be switched on if water in the return line is frozen.
  • the water in the return line can be thawed by the waste heat from the second heating element in addition to the heat introduced in the water that has already thawed.
  • the water injection device preferably comprises a delivery line, via which the delivery element is connected to the water injector, and on which a third heating element is at least partially arranged.
  • the third heating element can have a supporting effect on the first heating element and / or the second heating element.
  • the water injection device further preferably comprises a fourth heating element which is arranged in the water tank.
  • a fourth heating element By providing the fourth heating element, a faster thawing of the iced water tank is achieved.
  • the first heating element and / or the second heating element and / or the third heating element and / or the fourth heating element can preferably be designed as a unit.
  • the first heating element and / or the second heating element and / or the third heating element and / or the fourth heating element particularly preferably has an electrical heating element and / or a hydraulic heat exchanger.
  • An electrical heating element offers the advantage of simple control.
  • a hydraulic heat exchanger can be adapted to the respective space and design requirements, which leads to an optimal heat transfer to the frozen water.
  • the hydraulic heat exchanger is preferably set up to use cooling water from the internal combustion engine to thaw the frozen water. In this way, the heat that is contained in the cooling water due to the cooling of the internal combustion engine can be reused.
  • the conveying element is advantageously set up to be operated at a non-optimal operating point of the conveying element in order to generate heat.
  • the non-optimal operating point is to be understood as the operating point at which part of the electrical power is converted into heat in a drive of the conveying element.
  • the delivery element is designed as a pump, it is desirable to operate the pump at a lower speed than that at an optimal operating point, so that the heat generated by the delivery element is transferred to the water.
  • the internal combustion engine is set up to be operated with gasoline and according to the Otto principle.
  • Such an internal combustion engine is to be understood as the internal combustion engine in which gasoline or gasoline-air mixture is burned by external ignition in the form of a spark plug. Since in such an internal combustion engine the ignition point is precisely predetermined by the spark ignition and the combustion is improved by the water injection, a fail-safe functioning of the internal combustion engine is achieved by the circulation of the water thawed by the at least one provided heating element in the water injection device.
  • the water injection device according to the invention is used in an internal combustion engine with direct injection and turbocharging.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for operating a water injection device with at least one water injector, and a conveying element for conveying the water, which is connected to a water tank via a suction line and a return line.
  • a water injection device with at least one water injector, and a conveying element for conveying the water, which is connected to a water tank via a suction line and a return line.
  • water located in the water tank and / or in the suction line which is frozen is thawed by a first heating element.
  • the thawed water in the suction line is returned to the water tank via the return line Water injection device promoted.
  • the conveying element is operated during the thawing process in such a way that a minimum amount of thawed water remains in the water tank.
  • the conveying element is preferably operated at a non-optimal operating point of the conveying element in order to generate heat.
  • a water injection device 1 of an internal combustion engine 2 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 is operated according to the Otto principle and with gasoline direct injection.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 which has a plurality of cylinders, and part of the water injection device 1 according to the invention is shown schematically.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 comprises a combustion chamber 20 per cylinder, in which a piston 21 can be moved back and forth.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 preferably has two inlet valves 25 per cylinder, each with an inlet channel 22, via which air is supplied to the combustion chamber 20.
  • Exhaust gas is discharged via an exhaust gas duct 23.
  • an outlet valve 26 is arranged on the exhaust gas duct 23.
  • the reference numeral 24 also denotes a fuel injection valve.
  • two water injectors 6 are provided per cylinder, which leads to better treatment or to an increase in the maximum amount of water that can be injected per combustion cycle.
  • one water injector can be arranged per cylinder.
  • the water injection device 1 comprises a pump designed as a pump Delivery element 3 and an electric drive 4 for driving the pump. Furthermore, a water tank 5 is provided, which is connected to the conveying element 3 by a suction line 7. A delivery line 8 connects the delivery element 3 to a distributor 9 or a rail to which a plurality of water injectors 6 are connected.
  • water is supplied from the water tank 5 through the conveying element 3 into the water injectors 6.
  • a condensate from an evaporator (not shown) of an air conditioning system is preferably used, for which purpose the water injection device 1 according to the invention has an inlet line 11.
  • deionized water can be conveyed into the water tank 5 via a refill line 12.
  • a sieve can optionally be provided in the refill line 12.
  • a pre-filter 16 is arranged in the first line 7 and a fine filter 17 is arranged in the delivery line 8, which can optionally be heated.
  • a pressure regulator 15 in the form of a diaphragm is arranged in a return line 13 which connects the delivery line 8 to the water tank 5.
  • a check valve can be used as the pressure regulator 15 instead of a diaphragm.
  • a pressure sensor 14 is also provided in the delivery line 8 for pressure regulation.
  • the water injection device 1 is used at temperatures below the freezing point of the water of the water injection device 1, the water tank 5 and / or the suction line 7 can freeze up. This area of the water injection device 1 can be sensitive, even when the internal combustion engine 1 is in operation, since this area can be remote from the combustion chamber 22.
  • a temperature or fill level sensor 18 can be used, for example.
  • a first heating element 19a is arranged in the suction line 7.
  • the first heating element 19a is set up to thaw the frozen water in the water tank 5 and / or in the suction line 7.
  • the conveying element 3 is also set up to convey the thawed water in the suction line 7 and / or the water tank 5 back into the water tank 5 via the return line 13.
  • the first heating element 19a can be designed as an electrical heating element such as an electrical resistor and / or as a hydraulic heat exchanger.
  • the hydraulic heat exchanger can be set up to use cooling water from the internal combustion engine 2 to thaw the frozen water.
  • a small portion of the water in the water tank 5 and / or in the suction line 7 of the conveying element 3 is first thawed. As soon as this water volume has thawed, the conveying element 3 is switched on when the water injection is still inactive, i.e. when the water injectors 6 are closed. The thawed water is then fed to the water tank 5 via the return line 13 via the pressure regulator 15.
  • the conveying element 3 can be operated at a non-optimal operating point.
  • the conveying element 3 can preferably be operated deliberately in a speed range in which the heat losses of the conveying element 3 increase. That is, the efficiency of the conveying element 3 is not optimum operating point is not maximum. This leads to a further warming of the circulating water, which facilitates the thawing of the still frozen water.
  • a water injection by the internal combustion engine 2 is requested during this optimized thawing process, a water injection quantity is first permitted so that enough thawed water still remains in the partially iced water tank 5. This means that the defrosting process can take place without interruption.
  • the permitted water injection quantity is insufficient for the combustion-relevant injection, i.e. if the water injection quantity available for injection is less than a minimum water injection quantity required for combustion, the power of internal combustion engine 2 is reduced.
  • problems in the operation of the internal combustion engine 2, such as knocking, due to the reduced amount of water injection can be avoided.
  • the water injection device 1 can be used to thaw the frozen water in the water tank 5 and in the suction line 7 more quickly.
  • the water injection device 1 is ready for operation earlier.
  • the water injection device 1 In order to support the thawing of the frozen water, the water injection device 1 according to a second exemplary embodiment ( Figure 3 ) also have a second heating element 19b.
  • the second heating element 19b is arranged on the return line 13. The water that has already thawed can thus be heated further during its circulation in order to introduce more heat into the water tank 5.
  • the second heating element 19b can also be helpful if the return line 13 is completely or partially iced up.
  • the Figure 4 Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the third exemplary embodiment differs from the second exemplary embodiment in that a third heating element 19c is arranged in the delivery line 8. This means that more heat can be transferred to the thawed water.
  • the third heating element 19c is preferably arranged upstream of the return line 13 in the conveying direction of the water.
  • the water injection device 1 has a fourth heating element 19d.
  • the fourth heating element 19d is arranged inside the water tank 5. By providing a fourth heating element, the frozen water in the water tank 5 can be thawed more quickly. Thus, the water injection device 1 can be operational earlier.
  • the heating elements 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d can form a heating unit.
  • the heating elements 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d are designed as hydraulic heat exchangers, the heat can be transferred to the water in a unitary circuit.
  • heating elements 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d can also serve as the heating for the heated filter elements 16 and 17.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Moteur à combustion interne comprenant un dispositif d'injection d'eau (1), le dispositif d'injection d'eau (1) du moteur à combustion interne (2) comprenant :
    - un réservoir d'eau (5) pour le stockage d'eau,
    - au moins un injecteur d'eau (6), qui injecte de l'eau dans un canal d'entrée (22) du moteur à combustion interne (2),
    - un élément de transport (3) pour le transport de l'eau, qui est relié au réservoir d'eau (5) par l'intermédiaire d'une conduite d'aspiration (7) et par l'intermédiaire d'une conduite de retour (13), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'injection d'eau (1) comprend en outre :
    - un premier élément chauffant (19a), qui est agencé au moins partiellement au niveau de la conduite d'aspiration (7),
    - le premier élément chauffant (19a) étant conçu pour dégeler de l'eau, qui est gelée, se trouvant dans le réservoir d'eau (5) et/ou dans la conduite d'aspiration (7), et
    - l'élément de transport (3) étant conçu pour ramener dans le réservoir d'eau (5), par l'intermédiaire de la conduite de retour (13), l'eau dégelée dans la conduite d'aspiration (7),
    - l'élément de transport (3) étant conçu pour être exploité lors d'une injection d'eau active pendant le processus de dégel, de telle sorte qu'une quantité minimale d'eau dégelée reste dans le réservoir d'eau (5), de telle sorte que le dégel de l'eau gelée résiduelle puisse avoir lieu sans interruption.
  2. Moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le dispositif d'injection d'eau (1) du moteur à combustion interne comprend en outre un deuxième élément chauffant (19b), qui est agencé au moins partiellement au niveau de la conduite de retour (13) .
  3. Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le dispositif d'injection d'eau (1) du moteur à combustion interne comprend en outre une conduite de transport (8), par l'intermédiaire de laquelle l'élément de transport (3) est relié avec l'injecteur d'eau (6), et au niveau de laquelle un troisième élément chauffant (19c) est au moins partiellement agencé.
  4. Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le dispositif d'injection d'eau (1) du moteur à combustion interne comprend en outre un quatrième élément chauffant (19d), qui est agencé dans le réservoir d'eau (5) .
  5. Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le premier élément chauffant (19a) et/ou le deuxième élément chauffant (19b) et/ou le troisième élément chauffant (19c) et/ou le quatrième élément chauffant (19d) comprennent un élément chauffant électrique et/ou un échangeur de chaleur hydraulique.
  6. Moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 5, dans lequel l'échangeur de chaleur hydraulique est conçu pour utiliser de l'eau de refroidissement du moteur à combustion interne (2) pour le dégel de l'eau gelée.
  7. Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'élément de transport (3) est conçu pour être exploité à un point d'exploitation non optimal de l'élément de transport (3), afin de générer de la chaleur.
  8. Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, qui est conçu pour être exploité avec de l'essence et selon le principe d'Otto.
  9. Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, qui est conçu pour être exploité avec une puissance réduite lorsqu'une quantité d'eau réduite disponible pour l'injection est inférieure à une quantité d'injection d'eau minimale qui est nécessaire pour la combustion.
  10. Procédé d'exploitation d'un dispositif d'injection d'eau (1) avec au moins un injecteur d'eau (6), qui injecte de l'eau dans un canal d'entrée (22) d'un moteur à combustion interne (2), et un élément de transport pour le transport de l'eau, qui est relié à un réservoir d'eau (5) par l'intermédiaire d'une conduite d'aspiration (7) et par l'intermédiaire d'une conduite de retour (13),
    de l'eau, qui est gelée, se trouvant dans le réservoir d'eau (5) et/ou dans la conduite d'aspiration (7) étant dégelée par un premier élément chauffant (19a), qui est agencé au moins partiellement dans la conduite d'aspiration (7), et l'eau dégelée dans la conduite d'aspiration (7) étant ramenée dans le réservoir d'eau (5) par l'intermédiaire de la conduite de retour (13), l'élément de transport (3) étant conçu pour être exploité lors d'une injection d'eau active pendant le processus de dégel, de telle sorte qu'une quantité minimale d'eau dégelée reste dans le réservoir d'eau (5), de telle sorte que le dégel de l'eau gelée résiduelle puisse avoir lieu sans interruption.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, dans lequel l'élément de transport (3) est exploité à un point d'exploitation non optimal de l'élément de transport (3), afin de générer de la chaleur.
EP16716874.9A 2015-05-07 2016-04-18 Dispositif d'injection d'eau d'un moteur à combustion interne et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un tel dispositif d'injection d'eau Active EP3292287B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015208480.9A DE102015208480A1 (de) 2015-05-07 2015-05-07 Wassereinspritzvorrichtung einer Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen Wassereinspritzvorrichtung
PCT/EP2016/058502 WO2016177557A1 (fr) 2015-05-07 2016-04-18 Dispositif d'injection d'eau d'un moteur à combustion interne et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un tel dispositif d'injection d'eau

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3292287A1 EP3292287A1 (fr) 2018-03-14
EP3292287B1 true EP3292287B1 (fr) 2021-06-09

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EP16716874.9A Active EP3292287B1 (fr) 2015-05-07 2016-04-18 Dispositif d'injection d'eau d'un moteur à combustion interne et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un tel dispositif d'injection d'eau

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3292287B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107624145B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015208480A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016177557A1 (fr)

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DE102020207469A1 (de) 2020-06-17 2021-12-23 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Kraftfahrzeug mit Wassereinspritzungssystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit Wassereinspritzungssystem
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DE102015208480A1 (de) 2016-11-10
WO2016177557A1 (fr) 2016-11-10
CN107624145B (zh) 2020-05-05
EP3292287A1 (fr) 2018-03-14
CN107624145A (zh) 2018-01-23

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