EP3286398B1 - Window and system of windows comprising an acoustic damping device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The invention relates to a window system for acoustic damping. The invention belongs to the field of openings, more particularly, but not exclusively, that of windows or French windows used to close the openings made in the facade of a building.

STATE OF THE ART

The use of a window with multiple glazing, implemented from precise technical profiles and dimensionally stable for the constitution of the opening and the window frame of said window, makes it possible to ensure perfect sealing of said window and a factor high sound insulation when the window is closed.

However, the opening, even with a moderate cracking of the opening of said windows, significantly degrades this sound insulation. This is particularly unpleasant for dwellings or offices located in noisy streets or near traffic lanes, particularly in upper floors where the effect of noise barriers is reduced. Thus, the occupants of such premises cannot open the windows for more than a few minutes without intolerably suffering the effects of outside noise. The document DE 100 52 093 A1 describes a window and a device for the acoustic improvement of a partially open window, according to the preamble of claim 1

The document US 2010 02662138 describes an example of active noise control in a closed room. This type of active control requires the installation of loudspeakers in the room and the optimization of their positioning. Also, this device of the prior art is not suitable for use aimed at the general public.

STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

• un silencieux acoustique passif comprenant deux lames parallèles acoustiquement absorbantes, s'étendant dans un plan moyen normal à la surface ouverte, sur une distance de 25 cm, l'une étant fixée à l'ouvrant et l'autre étant fixée au dormant, le déplacement de l'ouvrant par rapport au dormant créant entre lesdites lames une fente d'une épaisseur égale à l'ouverture de la fenêtre.

The invention aims to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to this end relates to a window, in particular a sliding window, closing an open surface in a wall separating the interior from the exterior, and comprising a opening and a frame, characterized in that it comprises:

• a passive acoustic silencer comprising two acoustically absorbing parallel blades, extending in a normal plane normal to the open surface, over a distance of 25 cm, one being fixed to the sash and the other being fixed to the frame, the displacement of the opening relative to the frame creating between said blades a slit of a thickness equal to the opening of the window.

Thus the slot created during the opening of the window produces an acoustic damper for noise included in frequencies between 1000 Hz and 5000 Hz approximately. The slats are adapted to be attached to any existing window, more particularly, but not exclusively, a sliding window.

The invention is advantageously implemented according to the embodiments and the variants set out below, which are to be considered individually or according to any technically operative combination.

Advantageously, the blades each consist of a U-shaped profile applied against the frame of the opening or the frame and filled with an acoustic absorbing material. This embodiment is easy to carry out. The nature of the profile is adapted to the nature of the chassis.

According to the invention, the blades extend 25 cm in the direction normal to the open surface. This configuration presents a good compromise between the efficiency of the device which is the subject of the invention and its aesthetic impact on the window.

• un haut-parleur placé dans une des lames ;
• un microphone ;
• un module électronique de contrôle comprenant des moyens pour analyser le signal capté par le microphone et générer un signal émis par le haut-parleur constituant une contre-onde acoustique au signal capté par le microphone.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the window which is the subject of the invention comprises an active acoustic damping system comprising:

• a speaker placed in one of the blades;
• a microphone ;
• an electronic control module comprising means for analyzing the signal picked up by the microphone and generating a signal emitted by the loudspeaker constituting an acoustic counter-wave to the signal picked up by the microphone.

So the active damping system completes the system passive damping for frequencies below 1000 Hz.

According to a first embodiment, the microphone is placed in the blade linked to the door and the speaker is placed in the blade linked to the frame. Thus, the active damping system is included in the blades so that the device which is the subject of the invention is adaptable to any existing window.

According to an alternative or complementary embodiment, the window which is the subject of the invention comprises a microphone fixed to the frame on the interior side. Thus placed this microphone captures precisely the raw exterior conveyed inside. The proximity of this microphone to the interior end of the acoustic silencer allows it to pick up a signal filtered by said silencer and improves the efficiency of the active acoustic treatment.

According to variant embodiments, the window which is the subject of the invention comprises a loudspeaker fixed to the opening and facing outwards, or a loudspeaker linked to the opening and facing towards the slot between two blades, these two variants are not mutually exclusive.

Advantageously, the window which is the subject of the invention comprises a plurality of speakers. Thus, the emission of the opposite acoustic signal is optimized by directing the signal to the appropriate loudspeakers according to the frequency ranges.

Also, according to an exemplary embodiment of the window which is the subject of the invention, a plurality of loudspeakers is capable of emitting a signal in a frequency range extending below 250 Hz and a plurality of loudspeakers is capable of emit an acoustic signal of frequency greater than 250 Hz.

Advantageously, the loudspeakers are spaced at a pitch less than or equal to 1/2 wavelength of the highest frequency f of the effectiveness of the active damping. Thus, the number of loud speakers intended for low frequencies is reduced.

Advantageously, the object window comprises a plurality of microphones. This arrangement allows a more precise capture of the acoustic field. Advantageously, the microphones of said plurality are spaced apart by a step less than or equal to 1/2 wavelength corresponding to the maximum frequency f of the effectiveness of the active damping.

• capter le bruit extérieur au moyen d'un microphone ;
• générer une onde acoustique contraire au signal capté dans la gamme de fréquence comprise entre 80 Hz et 1000 Hz.

The invention also relates to a method for damping outside noise in an indoor room comprising a window according to the invention, which method comprises the steps consisting in:

• capture outside noise using a microphone;
• generate an acoustic wave contrary to the signal picked up in the frequency range between 80 Hz and 1000 Hz.

Thus, this method combines passive damping for high frequencies and active damping for low frequencies, which allows it to be effective in attenuating external noise up to openings of the order of 10 cm. from the window.

• une lame, destinée à être fixée au dormant d'une fenêtre, constituée d'un profilé en U rempli d'un matériau acoustiquement absorbant, et comprenant un haut-parleur ;
• une lame, destinée à être fixée à l'ouvrant d'une fenêtre, constituée d'un profilé en U rempli d'un matériau acoustiquement absorbant ;
• un microphone ;
• un module électronique de contrôle comprenant des moyens de calcul, des moyens aptes à générer un signal à destination du haut-parleur et des moyens de réception du signal provenant du microphone ;
• des moyens d'alimentation électrique du module électronique.

The invention also relates to a preconstituted assembly, or kit, comprising:

• a blade, intended to be fixed to the window frame, consisting of a U-shaped profile filled with an acoustically absorbent material, and comprising a loudspeaker;
• a blade, intended to be fixed to the opening of a window, consisting of a U-shaped profile filled with an acoustically absorbent material;
• a microphone ;
• an electronic control module comprising calculation means, means capable of generating a signal intended for the loudspeaker and means for receiving the signal coming from the microphone;
• electrical supply means of the electronic module.

This kit can be adapted to an existing window to improve its acoustic performance when it is ajar.

• des moyens photovoltaïques connectés aux moyens d'alimentation électrique.

Advantageously, the kit which is the subject of the invention comprises:

• photovoltaic means connected to the power supply means.

Thus said kit works independently and does not require connection to the mains.

• lesdites première et deuxième fenêtres obturent respectivement lesdites surfaces interne et externe,
• au moins une desdites première et deuxième fenêtres comporte au moins un silencieux acoustique passif comprenant deux lames parallèles et acoustiquement absorbantes, s'étendant dans un plan moyen normal aux surfaces interne et externe, l'une étant fixée audit au moins un ouvrant extrêmal et l'autre étant fixée à la partie du dormant liée audit au moins un ouvrant extrêmal, le déplacement dudit au moins un ouvrant extrêmal par rapport au dormant créant entre lesdites lames une fente d'une épaisseur égale à l'ouverture de la fenêtre.

The invention also relates to a system of windows, in particular sliding windows, for acoustic damping, said system closing off an open space in a wall separating the interior from the exterior, said space open comprising an open internal surface and an open external surface, and said system comprising a first window and a second window, each window comprising at least one opening, called an extreme opening, cooperating with part of a frame. In addition, said system is configured so that:

• said first and second windows respectively seal said internal and external surfaces,
• at least one of said first and second windows comprises at least one passive acoustic silencer comprising two parallel and acoustically absorbing blades, extending in a normal plane normal to the internal and external surfaces, one being fixed to said at least one extreme opening and the the other being fixed to the part of the frame linked to said at least one end opening, the displacement of said at least one end opening relative to the frame creating between said blades a slit with a thickness equal to the opening of the window.

Thus the slot created during the opening of one of said first and second windows at an extreme opening provides an acoustic damper for noise included in frequencies between approximately 1000 Hz and 5000 Hz. The blades are adapted to be attached to any existing window, more particularly, but not exclusively, a window comprising at least one sliding opening.

The window system is advantageously implemented according to the embodiments and the variants set out below, which are to be considered individually or according to any technically effective combination.

In a particular embodiment, at least one of said first and second windows comprises two extreme openings cooperating respectively with two distinct parts of its frame.

In a particular embodiment, each window comprises two extreme openings cooperating respectively with two distinct parts of the window frame of said window. Such a configuration advantageously makes it possible to have respective openings of the first and second windows contained in identical or separate medium planes depending on ventilation needs and / or noise reduction.

In a particular embodiment, the first and second windows respectively comprise a first and a second passive acoustic silencer, the blades of said first and second passive acoustic silencers extending respectively in two distinct mean planes. Thus, when the windows are respectively opened in two parallel directions and in opposite directions, the path of the noise to penetrate from the outside to the inside comprises a baffle through said first and second passive acoustic silencers, so that the performance of 'acoustic damping are significantly improved compared to the use of a single window.

In a particular embodiment, the first and second windows respectively comprise a first and a second passive acoustic silencer, the blades of said first and second passive acoustic silencers extending in a common mean plane. This embodiment allows good ventilation of the interior while ensuring efficient and improved acoustic damping compared to the use of a single window.

In a particular embodiment, each window comprises a first and a second passive acoustic silencer, the blades respectively of the first passive acoustic silencer of the first window and of the first passive acoustic silencer of the second window extending in a first common mean plane , the blades respectively of the second passive acoustic silencer of the first window and of the second passive acoustic silencer of the second window extending in a second common mean plane, said first and second common mean planes being distinct. This embodiment makes it possible to advantageously carry out all the possible configurations of opening and acoustic damping according to the need for ventilation of the interior and reduction of noise.

In a particular embodiment, said system comprises at least one intermediate opening positioned between said two end opening of the same window. This configuration allows you to adapt the size from the first and second windows to large open spaces and / or to increase the number of openings.

• un haut-parleur placé dans une des lames dudit au moins un silencieux acoustique passif ;
• un microphone ;
• un module électronique de contrôle comprenant des moyens pour analyser un signal capté par le microphone et générer un signal émis par le haut-parleur, ledit signal émis constituant une contre-onde acoustique au signal capté par le microphone (160, 360).

In a particular embodiment, at least one passive acoustic silencer of the window system also includes an active acoustic damping system comprising:

• a loudspeaker placed in one of the blades of said at least one passive acoustic silencer;
• a microphone ;
• an electronic control module comprising means for analyzing a signal picked up by the microphone and generating a signal emitted by the loudspeaker, said emitted signal constituting an acoustic counter-wave to the signal picked up by the microphone (160, 360).

Thus the active damping system completes the passive damping system for frequencies below 1000 Hz.

• entrebâiller les première et deuxième fenêtres ;
• capter le bruit de l'extérieur au moyen d'un microphone ;
• générer une onde acoustique contraire au signal capté dans une gamme de fréquences comprises entre 80 Hz et 1000 Hz.

The invention also relates to a method for damping outside noise in an indoor room comprising a window system according to the invention, characterized in that it comprises the steps consisting in:

• ajar the first and second windows;
• capture outside noise using a microphone;
• generate an acoustic wave contrary to the signal received in a frequency range between 80 Hz and 1000 Hz.

Thus, this process combines passive damping for high frequencies and active damping for low frequencies, which allows it to be effective in attenuating external noise up to openings between 10 cm and 20 cm of each of said first and second windows.

In a particular embodiment, the first and second windows are respectively ajar in two parallel directions and in opposite directions. Such an implementation advantageously makes it possible to obtain an attenuation of the external noise belonging to the interval [30 dB, 35 dB] when the windows of the window system are ajar, thus allowing the user of such a window system. to benefit from ventilation without being subjected to external noise pollution.

PRESENTATION OF THE FIGURES

• la figure 1 représente selon une vue partielle et schématique un exemple de réalisation d'une fenêtre selon une coupe par un plan horizontal perpendiculaire à la surface ouverte occultée par la fenêtre ;
• la figure 2 est une vue de face, côté extérieur de la lame fixée au dormant de la fenêtre ;
• la figure 3 est une vue schématique de principe, selon la même coupe que la figure 1, d'un kit d'équipement d'une fenêtre ;
• la figure 4 montre selon une vue schématique en coupe un exemple de réalisation d'un dispositif expérimental pour mesurer l'efficacité d'une fenêtre en termes d'atténuation acoustique ;
• la figure 5 est un exemple de diagramme d'atténuation acoustique obtenu au moyen du dispositif de la figure 4 ;
• la figure 6 représente un exemple schématique de réalisation d'un système de fenêtres coulissantes pour amortissement acoustique ;
• la figure 7 représente schématiquement une variante de réalisation du système de fenêtres de la figure 6, dans lequel les lames des silencieux acoustiques passifs s'étendent dans un plan moyen commun ;
• la figure 8 représente schématiquement un mode particulier de réalisation du système de fenêtres de la figure 6 ou de la figure 7, dans lequel chaque fenêtre comporte un premier et un deuxième silencieux acoustiques passifs ;
• la figure 9 représente schématiquement une variante de réalisation du système de fenêtres dans lequel la première fenêtre comporte deux ouvrants extrêmaux, et dans lequel la deuxième fenêtre comporte un seul ouvrant extrêmal ;
• la figure 10 représente schématiquement une variante de réalisation du système de fenêtres dans lequel chacune desdites première et deuxième fenêtres comportent un unique ouvrant extrêmal.

The invention is set out below according to its preferred, non-limiting embodiments, and with reference to Figures 1 to 10 , in which :

• the figure 1 shows a partial and schematic view of an embodiment of a window in section through a horizontal plane perpendicular to the open surface obscured by the window;
• the figure 2 is a front view, external side of the blade fixed to the window frame;
• the figure 3 is a schematic view of principle, according to the same section as the figure 1 , a window equipment kit;
• the figure 4 shows in a schematic sectional view an exemplary embodiment of an experimental device for measuring the efficiency of a window in terms of acoustic attenuation;
• the figure 5 is an example of an acoustic attenuation diagram obtained using the device of the figure 4 ;
• the figure 6 represents a schematic example of embodiment of a sliding window system for acoustic damping;
• the figure 7 schematically represents an alternative embodiment of the window system of the figure 6 , in which the blades of the passive acoustic silencers extend in a common mean plane;
• the figure 8 schematically represents a particular embodiment of the window system of the figure 6 or from figure 7 , wherein each window has first and second passive acoustic silencers;
• the figure 9 schematically represents an alternative embodiment of the window system in which the first window has two end openings, and in which the second window has a single end opening;
• the figure 10 schematically represents a variant of embodiment of the window system in which each of said first and second windows comprises a single end opening.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

Figure 1 , according to an exemplary embodiment, the window object of the invention is a sliding window comprising a frame (110) dormant linked to a facade (101), and an opening (120) supporting a glazing (121), obscuring a surface ( 102) open in said facade (101). According to this exemplary embodiment, the uprights of the frame (110) and of the opening (120) consist of aluminum profiles with thermal break, however, the invention is adaptable to any type of carpentry. Likewise, the invention is adaptable to any type of opening: sliding, striking, guillotine.

A first blade (130) is fixed to the frame (110) and, according to an exemplary embodiment, this blade (130) is hidden in the wall (101) constituting the facade. A second blade (140) is fixed to the opening (120) opposite the first blade (130), so that when the window is ajar, said blades (140, 130) delimit a slot of a thickness (103) equal to this gap. According to this exemplary embodiment, each blade consists of a U-shaped profile (131, 141), for example an aluminum alloy profile filled with an acoustically absorbent material, for example, a porous or fibrous material. According to exemplary embodiments (not shown) the surfaces of the blades (130, 140) are covered with an acoustically transparent coating for aesthetic needs, or else, the walls of the blades (130, 140) inside the slot are pierced with a plurality of holes constituting as many Helmotz resonators and cooperating with the acoustically absorbent material (132, 142) to damp certain frequency bands.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the blades (130, 140) extend normally to the surface (102) open over a distance (105) of the order of 25 cm. According to this exemplary embodiment, the blade (140) linked to the opening (120) is of a thickness (104) of the order of 6 cm. The slot created between the two blades (130, 140) produces an acoustic silencer, effective in the mid-frequency range, from 1000 Hz to 5000 Hz, when the window is ajar with an opening (103) up to 10 cm. Beyond that, the efficiency decreases rapidly with increasing openness.

In order to process the low frequencies, according to an improvement of the window which is the subject of the invention, an active damping device is installed in the blades (130, 140). This device comprises at least one loudspeaker (150) preferably placed in the blade (130) linked to the frame (110). In fact, this fixed blade (130) is advantageously made with a thickness (106) greater than that of the blade (140) linked to the opening, to allow said speaker and possibly the electronic module to be accommodated therein. control (not shown) or other components of this active damping device. According to this exemplary embodiment, the loudspeaker (150) is turned towards the outside of the facade. Alternatively, said speaker is turned towards the slot formed by the two blades (130, 140) when the window is ajar. According to this exemplary embodiment, at least one microphone (160) is placed in the blade (140) linked to the opening. According to an exemplary implementation, said microphone (160) is turned towards the slot or towards the outside in order to pick up the so-called primary acoustic field, that is to say prevailing outside. Alternatively or additionally, the primary sound field is measured by one or more microphones (161) fixed to the frame of the frame inside. Advantageously, this field is picked up by a plurality of microphones (161) spaced apart by a distance less than or equal to the 1/2 wavelength of the highest frequency f damped by the active damping device. According to a nonlimiting example, f = 500 Hz.

The primary acoustic field is picked up by the microphone (160, 161) or the plurality of microphones, and the electronic module (not shown) calculates an opposite acoustic wave making it possible to cancel this primary field. The corresponding electrical signal is amplified and sent to the loudspeaker (150) which diffuses the secondary acoustic field countering the primary acoustic field. Thus, the active acoustic control device makes it possible to extend the efficiency of the window which is the subject of the invention towards the low frequencies. According to an example of implementation, the window object of the invention is sized so that the active damping device is mainly effective in the frequency band between 80 Hz and 500 Hz, while the passive acoustic silencer, formed by the slit between the absorbent strips (130, 140), is mainly effective in the frequency band between 500 Hz and 5000 Hz. The window which is the subject of the invention advantageously comprises a sensor, in the form of a contact (not shown), making it possible to automatically deactivate the active damping device when said window is closed.

The entire active device is advantageously included in one of the two blades (130, 140) or in the two blades (130, 140) so that the blades thus equipped constitute a kit adaptable to a large number of existing windows.

Figure 2 , in order to maintain the size of the device in the two blades, the active device advantageously uses a plurality of speakers. According to an exemplary embodiment, a reduced number of loud speakers (150, 251, 252) is used for the emission of low frequencies, for example for frequencies below 250 Hz. These larger speakers volume are for example capable of transmitting in a frequency range extending between 80 Hz and 10 5000 Hz. A plurality of speakers (255) of reduced size is used for the emission of higher frequencies in order to densify the field secondary in frequencies above 250 Hz. These loudspeakers intended for the highest frequencies are for example capable of emitting a signal in a frequency range between 250 Hz and 5000 Hz. The loudspeakers (250, 251, 252) are arranged at a pitch (201) less than or equal to the 1/2 wavelength of the highest frequency, denoted f, targeted by the active damping. For example, a step of 34 cm for a frequency f of 500 Hz.

Figure 3 , according to an exemplary embodiment, in order to make such a kit autonomous, the electronic control module (370), placed in the blade (330) intended to be fixed to the frame, is advantageously powered by a battery (310) which is charged by a photovoltaic panel (305) placed in an appropriate manner, for example on the facade. The electronic module (370) includes an input port (371) capable of receiving a digital signal from an acquisition device (380). According to an exemplary embodiment, said digital signal is transmitted from the acquisition device (380) to the electronic module (370) via a short distance radio signal, for example according to one of the WIFI®, Bluetooth protocols ® or ZigBee®. A calculation module (372) makes it possible to calculate a wave contrary to the signal received on said input port (371). An amplification module (373) makes it possible to generate the signal supplying the loudspeaker (350) to generate the secondary acoustic field. The electronic control module (370) comprises adjustment means for adapting the generation of the secondary acoustic field to the configuration of the window on which the kit is used. Advantageously, this adjustment is carried out via the radio interface (371) using a series of programmed transmissions and measurements, by controlling the device via a computer terminal. Thus, the adjustment protocol is advantageously programmed for automatic adjustment on an application, for example for a smartphone.

Of course, it is obvious that the invention as described in Figures 1, 2 and 3 applies equally to windows with one or two openings, as well as one or two passive acoustic silencers each comprising an active acoustic damping system.

Figure 4 , according to an example of an experimental device, an acoustic box (400) is closed by a window (410) according to the invention provided with a damping device by acoustic silencer and with an active damping device, such as those described above. A noise is generated inside said box (400) for example by means of a loudspeaker (350). A sound level meter (491) is placed inside the box and another sound level meter (492) is placed in front of the window (410) outside the box (400). The measurement at a given instant of the acoustic power captured on the two sound level meters (491, 492) makes it possible to measure the sound attenuation provided by the window (410) according to different configurations.

Figure 5 , the measurement is first carried out with the window closed and shows in a diagram having for abscissa (510) the frequency on the ordinate (502), the attenuation in dB, the attenuation (510) provided by the window when it is closed. A control curve (511) is produced by measuring the attenuation provided by a window, not equipped with passive and active damping devices, when said window is ajar by 10 cm. Finally the third curve shows the attenuation provided by the window object of the invention, equipped with active and passive acoustic damping devices, when the latter is ajar by 10 cm. This curve (512) clearly shows the zone (513) of effectiveness of active damping at frequencies significantly below 500 Hz.

According to another aspect, the invention relates to a window system.

The figure 6 shows a schematic embodiment of a sliding window system for acoustic damping, said system closing an open space in a wall separating the interior from the exterior.

The open space has an open inner surface (102a) and an open outer surface (102b). By internal (102a) and external (102b) open surfaces is meant surfaces facing respectively the interior and exterior. In addition, said system comprises a first window and a second window, each window comprising at least one opening (120a, 120b, 120c, 120d), said extremal opening, cooperating with part of a frame (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d). In addition, each window supports glazing (121a, 121b, 121c, 121d).

The window system is configured such that said first and second windows close said inner (102a) and outer (102b) surfaces, respectively.

In the following description, we adopt the convention that the concepts of left, right, above, front and back of the window system correspond respectively to the concepts of left, right, above, front and behind for anyone facing said first and second interior windows. To this end, the figure 6 corresponds to a top view of said window system.

In a preferred embodiment, illustrated by the figure 6 by way of non-limiting example, each of said first and second windows comprises two extreme openings (120a, 120b, 120c, 120d) cooperating respectively with two distinct parts (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) of the frame of said window. More specifically, each window has a right extremal opening (120c, 120d) and a left extremal opening (120a, 120b), said right extremal opening (120c, 120d) (respectively left extremal opening (120a, 120b)) being configured so sliding along, and in front of, said left extremal opening (120a, 120b) (respectively right extremal opening (120c, 120d)). In addition, the relative movement of the right extremal opening (120c, 120d) of a window relative to the left extremal opening (120a, 120b) of said window is limited by stop means (170a, 170b, 170c , 170d), such as for example two rods, fixedly mounted respectively on said right (120c, 120d) and left (120a, 120b) extreme openings, and adapted to cooperate with each other. In addition, the window frame of each window has a vertical right part (110c, 110d) and a left part (110a, 110b), said right extremal opening (120c, 120d) (respectively left extremal opening (120a, 120b)) being adapted. to cooperate with said right part (110c, 110d) of the frame (said left part (110a, 110b) of the frame).

However, nothing precludes having windows configured so that their respective right extreme openings slide behind their respective left extreme openings.

The window system is also configured so that at least one of said first and second windows has at least one passive acoustic silencer comprising two blades (130a, 140b, 130b, 130c, 140c, 130d, 140d) which are parallel and acoustically absorbent. , extending in a normal plane to the internal (102a) and external (102b) surfaces, one being fixed to said at least one extremal opening (120a, 120b, 120c, 120d) and the other being fixed to the part of the frame (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) linked to said at least one extremal leaf (120a, 120b, 120c, 120d), the displacement of said at least one extremal leaf (120a, 120b, 120c, 120d) relative to the frame ( 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) creating between said blades a slit with a thickness (103) equal to the opening of the window.

In the following description, said at least one passive acoustic silencer of said window system comprises one or more of the characteristics, taken in isolation or according to all technically possible combinations, of the passive acoustic silencer described above in the case of a single window comprising a single passive acoustic silencer, and illustrated by way of example in no way limiting by the Figures 1, 2 and 3 . Thus, the embodiments described below are in no way limiting.

Preferably, each of said first and second windows comprises a passive acoustic silencer, the blades of the passive acoustic silencers respectively of the first window and of the second window extending in two distinct mean planes. For example, and as illustrated by the figure 6 in no way limiting, the first window (respectively the second window) comprises a passive acoustic silencer comprising two blades (130a, 140a) (respectively (130d, 140d)) fixed respectively to the left extremal opening (120a) (respectively the opening right extremal (120d)) and left frame (110a) (respectively right frame (110d)) of said first window (respectively second window).

Such a configuration is advantageous because it makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the acoustic damping of noise coming from the outside with regard to a configuration comprising a single window comprising a passive acoustic silencer. Indeed, when the first and second windows are ajar, for example 10cm respectively, at their respective passive acoustic silencers, the noise first undergoes a first acoustic damping by passing between the blades (130d, 140d) passive acoustics of the second window. Then, the damped noise, and leaving the passive acoustic silencer of the second window, then undergoes a second acoustic damping passing between the blades (130a, 140a) of the passive acoustic silencer of the first window. In addition, said two mean planes being distinct, when said windows are ajar at their respective passive acoustic silencers, the path of the noise to penetrate from the outside to the inside comprises a baffle. For example, and as illustrated by the figure 6 , the noise enters on the right side of the second window, and damped spring on the left side of the first window. Also, this chicane effect contributes to increasing the reduction of noise between the exterior and the interior by making the path traveled by the noise more complex compared to a configuration where the two windows are open on the same side.

However, nothing precludes having other configurations, such as example a first window and a second window each comprising two extreme openings, said first window comprising a passive acoustic silencer on the right side, and said second window comprising a passive acoustic silencer on the left side.

• un haut-parleur (150, 251, 252, 255, 350) placé dans une des lames dudit au moins un silencieux acoustique passif ;
• un microphone (160, 360) ;
• un module électronique (370) de contrôle comprenant des moyens pour analyser un signal capté par le microphone (160, 360) et générer le signal émis par le haut-parleur, ledit signal émis constituant une contre-onde acoustique au signal capté par le microphone (160, 360).

In addition, the window system is configured so that at least one passive acoustic silencer also includes an active acoustic damping system comprising:

• a loudspeaker (150, 251, 252, 255, 350) placed in one of the blades of said at least one passive acoustic silencer;
• a microphone (160, 360);
• an electronic control module (370) comprising means for analyzing a signal picked up by the microphone (160, 360) and generating the signal emitted by the loudspeaker, said emitted signal constituting an acoustic counter-wave to the signal picked up by the microphone (160, 360).

In the following description, said active acoustic damping system comprises one or more of the characteristics, taken in isolation or in all technically possible combinations, of the active acoustic system described above in the case of a single window comprising a single active acoustic system, and illustrated by way of nonlimiting example by the Figures 1, 2 and 3 .

In the example illustrated in no way limiting by the figure 6 , the passive acoustic silencers respectively of the first and second windows each comprise an active acoustic damping system. The active damping system of the first window (respectively second window) comprises a loudspeaker (150a) (respectively (150d)) facing the slot formed by the two blades (130a, 140a) (respectively (130d, 140d) ) when said first window (respectively second window) is ajar. According to this exemplary embodiment, a microphone (160a) (respectively (160d)) is placed in the blade (140a) (respectively (140d)) linked to the left extremal opening (120a) of the first window (respectively right extremal opening (120d) from the second window).

The figure 7 schematically represents an alternative embodiment of the window system figure 6 , wherein each of said first and second windows comprises a passive acoustic silencer comprising an active damping system, the blades (130a, 140a, 130b, 140b) of the passive acoustic silencers of the first window and of the second window extending respectively in a common medium plane. For example, the first window (respectively the second window) comprises a passive acoustic silencer comprising two blades (130a, 140a) (respectively 130b, 140b) respectively fixed to the right extremal opening (120a) and to the right frame (110a) of said first window (respectively to the left extremal opening (120b) and to the left frame (110b) of said second window). In addition, the active damping systems of the first window and the second window respectively each include a loudspeaker (150a, 150b) and a microphone (160a, 160b) configured as those of the figure 6 . Such a configuration of the window system makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the acoustic damping of noise coming from the outside with regard to a configuration comprising a single window comprising a passive acoustic silencer (as described for example in the figure 1 ), but nevertheless offers reduced performance compared to a window system comprising two passive acoustic silencers respectively equipped with active damping systems, and in which the medium planes containing the blades (130a, 140a, 130b, 140b) of the first and second windows are separate. This is in particular due to the fact that the noise path, from the outside to the inside, does not include a baffle.

The figure 8 schematically represents a particular embodiment of the window system of the figure 6 or from figure 7 , in which each window comprises a first and a second passive acoustic silencer, the blades (130a, 140a, 130b, 140b) respectively of the first passive acoustic silencer of the first window and of the first passive acoustic silencer of the second window extending in a first common medium plane, left side, and the blades (130c, 140c, 130d, 140d) respectively of the second passive acoustic silencer of the first window and of the second passive acoustic silencer of the second window extending in a second common medium plane , right side. Therefore, we understands that said first and second common mean plans are distinct. In addition, each of said passive acoustic silencers comprises an active damping system comprising a loudspeaker (150a, 150b, 150c, 150d) and a microphone (160a, 160b, 160c, 160d) configured as those of the figure 6 . Such a configuration advantageously makes it possible to optimally reduce the noise coming from the outside when the first and second windows are respectively open in two parallel directions and in opposite directions in order to impose a baffle on the path of the noise between the windows. In addition, such a configuration also offers a user the possibility of opening the first and second windows on the same side in order to favor, for example, increased ventilation at the expense of reduced acoustic performance.

However, nothing precludes having other configurations with a different number of passive acoustic silencers and active damping systems. For example, according to an example not detailed here, the first window comprises two passive acoustic silencers positioned on the right and left extremities respectively of said first window, and the second window comprises a single passive acoustic silencers positioned on the right or extremal opening left of said second window.

In a variant (not shown) of the window system of the figure 6 , an intermediate opening is positioned, in a manner known to those skilled in the art, between the two extreme openings (120a, 120c) of the first window (respectively the two extreme openings (120b, 120d) of the second window). Such a configuration is advantageous when the respective sizes of said internal and external surfaces are large. In other words, the window system is adaptable to any type of open space in a wall.

The figure 9 shows schematically an alternative embodiment of the window system in which the first window comprises two end opening (120a, 120c) cooperating respectively with the left (110a) and right (110c) parts of its frame, and in which the second window comprises a single extremal opening (120b) cooperating with the left part (110b) of its frame. In addition, each extremal opening (120a, 120c) of said first window includes a passive acoustic silencer comprising an active damping system. Said second window, for its part, is configured so that it opens in the extension of said external surface (102b), by sliding in an opening (180b) of the wall, said opening (180b) being positioned on the right side of the window. In addition, said second window includes a passive acoustic silencer comprising an active damping system, on the left side. Each active damping system includes a speaker (150a, 150b, 150c) and a microphone (160a, 160b, 160c) configured like those of the figure 6 .

The figure 10 shows schematically an alternative embodiment of the window system in which each of said first and second windows comprises a single extremal opening (120a, 120b). The first window (respectively the second window) is configured so that it opens in the extension of said internal surface (102a) (respectively external surface (102b)), by sliding in an opening (180a) (respectively (180b )) of the wall, said opening (180a) (respectively (180b)) being positioned on the left side of said first window (respectively on the right side of said second window). Furthermore, said first window (respectively second window) comprises a passive acoustic silencer comprising an active damping system, on the right side (respectively on the left side), but nothing excludes that said passive acoustic silencer of the first window is on the left side ( respectively from the second window on the right). Each active damping system includes a speaker (150a, 150b) and a microphone (160a, 160b) configured like those of the figure 6 .

Note that in an alternative embodiment, it is of course possible to have a window system in which only the first window (respectively the second window) comprises at least one passive acoustic silencer, said at least one passive acoustic silencer preferably comprising a active acoustic silencer.

The present invention also relates to a method for damping outside noise in an indoor room comprising a window system as described above.

To this end, the method comprises a first step consisting in opening the first and second windows.

In a preferred embodiment of said first step, the first and second windows are respectively open in two parallel directions and in opposite directions, so as to impose on outside noise a route comprising a baffle before arriving in the interior room.

In a second step, noise from the outside is picked up by means of a first microphone (160, 360) and a second microphone from the first and second windows respectively.

Then in a third step, an acoustic wave contrary to the received signal is generated in a frequency range between 80 Hz and 1000 Hz.

It should be noted that the kit described above, and illustrated in no way limiting by the figure 3 , in the case of the realization of a single window with acoustic damping, is clearly adaptable to a system of windows comprising a plurality of extreme opening. Such a kit is then used for each of said extreme openings.

The above description and the exemplary embodiments show that the invention achieves the aim aimed at, and makes it possible to obtain an attenuation of the external noise belonging to the interval [30dB, 35dB] when the windows of the window system are ajar. , thus allowing the user of such a window system to benefit from ventilation without suffering external noise pollution. In addition, said system also provides excellent, excellent attenuation of external noise belonging to the interval [40dB, 50dB] when the windows of the window system are closed.

Claims (20)

1. Sliding window, blocking an open surface (102) in a wall separating the inside from the outside, and comprising a sash (120) and a frame (110), characterized in that it comprises:

   - a passive acoustic silencer comprising two acoustically absorbent parallel plates (130, 330, 340, 140), extending by 25 cm in a median plane normal to the open surface (102), one of them being secured to the sash (120) and the other being secured to the frame (110), the displacement of the sash with respect to the frame creating a gap between said plates, the gap having a thickness (103) equal to the opening of the window.
2. Window as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the plates (130, 140) consists of a U-shaped profile (131, 141) applied against the body of the sash or of the frame and filled with an acoustic absorbent material (132, 142).
3. Window as claimed in claim 1, comprising:

   - an active acoustic damping system comprising:

   - a loudspeaker (150, 251, 252, 255, 350) placed in one of the plates;

   - a microphone (160, 360);

   - an electronic control module (370) comprising means of analyzing the signal picked up by the microphone (160, 360) and generating a signal emitted by the loudspeaker, said signal constituting an acoustic counterwave to the signal picked up by the microphone (160, 360).
4. Window as claimed in claim 3, wherein the microphone (160, 360) is placed in the plate (140, 340) connected to the sash and the loudspeaker is placed in the plate (130, 330) connected to the frame.
5. Window as claimed in claim 3, comprising a microphone (161) secured to the frame on the inside.
6. Window as claimed in claim 3, comprising a loudspeaker (150) placed in the plate connected to the frame and turned toward the outside.
7. Window as claimed in claim 3, comprising a loudspeaker placed in the plate connected to the frame and turned toward the plate connected to the sash.
8. Window as claimed in claim 3, comprising a plurality of loudspeakers (150, 251, 252, 255).
9. Window as claimed in claim 8, comprising a plurality of loudspeakers (150, 251, 252) able to emit a signal in a frequency extending into frequencies below 250 Hz, and a plurality of loudspeakers (255) able to emit an acoustic signal of frequency higher than 250 Hz.
10. Window as claimed in claim 4 or claim 5, comprising a plurality of microphones.
11. Window as claimed in claim 10, able to generate an active damping up to a maximum frequency f, and comprising a plurality of microphones secured to the frame on the inside, said microphones being spaced by a distance less than or equal to half wavelength corresponding to the frequency f.
12. Window as claimed in claim 9, wherein the loudspeakers (150, 251, 252) are spaced by an interval (201) less than or equal to half wavelength of the highest frequency f of the active damping.
13. System of sliding windows, for acoustic damping, said system blocking an open space in a wall separating the inside from the outside, said open space comprising an open internal surface (102a) and an open external surface (102b), and said system comprising a first window and a second window as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, each window comprising at least one sash (120a, 120b, 120c, 120d), said end panel, cooperating with a portion of a frame (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d), characterized in that:

    - said first and second windows respectively block said internal (102a) and external (102b) surfaces,

    - each of said first and second windows comprises at least one passive acoustic silencer comprising two parallel and acoustically absorbent plates (130a, 140a, 130b, 140b, 130c, 140c, 130d, 140d), extending in a median plane normal to the internal (102a) and external (102b) surfaces, one of which is secured to said at least one end panel (120a, 120b, 120c, 120d) and the other is secured to the portion of the frame (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d) connected to said at least one end panel, the displacement of said at least one end panel with respect to the frame creating between said plates a gap with a thickness (103) equal to the opening of the window.
14. System as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that at least one of said first and second windows comprises two end panels (120a, 120b, 120c, 120d) cooperating respectively with two distinct portions of its frame (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d).
15. System as claimed in one of claims 13 to 14, characterized in that each window comprises two end panels (120a, 120b, 120c, 120d) cooperating respectively with two distinct portions of the frame of said window (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d).
16. System as claimed in one of claims 14 to 15, characterized in that each of said first and second windows comprises a passive acoustic silencer, the plates (130a, 140a, 130d, 140d) of the passive acoustic silencers of the first window and the second window extending respectively in two distinct median planes, so that when said windows are partly ajar in the area of their respective passive acoustic silencers, the path of the noise in penetrating from the outside to the inside constitutes a maze.
17. System as claimed in one of claims 14 to 15, characterized in that each of said first and second windows comprises a passive acoustic silencer, the plates (130a, 140a, 130b, 140b) of the passive acoustic silencers of the first window and the second window respectively extending in a common median plane.
18. System as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that each window comprises a first and a second passive acoustic silencer, the plates (130a, 140a, 130b, 140b) of the first passive acoustic silencer of the first window and of the first passive acoustic silencer of the second window respectively extending in a first common median plane, the plates (130c, 140c, 130d, 140d) of the second passive acoustic silencer of the first window and of the second passive acoustic silencer of the second window respectively extending in a second common median plane, said first and second common median planes being different.
19. System as claimed in one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that it comprises at least one intermediate sash positioned between said two end panels of a window (120a, 120b, 120c, 120d).
20. System as claimed in one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that at least one passive acoustic silencer of the system of windows also comprises an active acoustic damping system comprising:

    - a loudspeaker (150, 251, 252, 255, 350) placed in one of the plates of said at least one passive acoustic silencer;

    - a microphone (160, 360);

    - an electronic control module (370) comprising means of analyzing the signal picked up by the microphone (160, 360) and generating a signal emitted by the loudspeaker, said emitted signal constituting an acoustic counterwave to the signal picked up by the microphone (160, 360).

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