EP3283733A1 - Guide vane adjusting device and turbomachine - Google Patents

Guide vane adjusting device and turbomachine

Info

Publication number
EP3283733A1
EP3283733A1 EP16712909.7A EP16712909A EP3283733A1 EP 3283733 A1 EP3283733 A1 EP 3283733A1 EP 16712909 A EP16712909 A EP 16712909A EP 3283733 A1 EP3283733 A1 EP 3283733A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vane
guide
vanes
coupled
drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16712909.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3283733B1 (en
Inventor
Lennart Leopold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Energy Solutions SE
Original Assignee
MAN Diesel and Turbo SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Diesel and Turbo SE filed Critical MAN Diesel and Turbo SE
Publication of EP3283733A1 publication Critical patent/EP3283733A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3283733B1 publication Critical patent/EP3283733B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
    • F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
    • F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
    • F01D17/162—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for axial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially perpendicular to the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
    • F01D9/041—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector using blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/50—Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position
    • F05D2260/57—Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position using servos, independent actuators, etc.

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Leitschaufelverstellvortechnische for a turbomachine and a turbomachine with a Leitschaufelverstellvortechnische.
  • Turbomachines known from practice have a rotor and a stator.
  • the rotor of a turbomachine comprises a shaft and several rotor blades rotating together with the shaft, wherein the rotor blades form at least one rotor blade ring.
  • the stator of a turbomachine comprises a housing and a plurality of stationary vanes, wherein the vanes form at least one vane ring.
  • the known from practice vanes are made in one piece. From practice, it is already known to adjust the one-piece vanes of a blade ring of a turbomachine via a Leitschaufelverstellvorraumraum such that the vanes are rotatable about an extending in the radial direction of the rotor vane rotation axis.
  • Leitschaufelverstell- known from practice have a drive shaft to which a drive motor can be coupled and which is driven by the drive motor.
  • the rotation of the drive shaft via the drive motor with the aid of a control ring on all vanes of a vane ring is transferred, so therefore all vanes of a vane ring indirectly adjusted or rotated starting with the interposition of the control ring from the drive shaft.
  • each guide blade has in each case a front blade part and a rear blade part, which are each rotatable relative to one another about a common axis of rotation, namely the respective guide blade rotational axis.
  • the drive shaft is directly coupled to one of the vanes of the vane ring such that the vane parts of this vane ring vane are directly rotatable from the drive shaft without interposition of the control ring.
  • the drive shaft is indirectly coupled to the other vanes of the vane ring, such that the vane parts of the other vanes of the vane ring are indirectly rotatable from the drive shaft with the interposition of the control ring.
  • a drive lever engages in each case on a bearing journal of the front blade part and a bearing journal of the rear blade part of each guide blade, the drive levers of the blade parts of the guide blades being coupled to each other via a coupling device such that the blade parts of the guide blades can be rotated synchronously.
  • the vane adjusting device allows the rotation of multi-part Leitschau- fine to radially extending guide vane rotation axes, namely such that a front blade portion and a rear blade portion of each vane are synchronously rotated about a common axis of rotation.
  • the synchronous rotation of the blade parts of each vane to each other can be proportional or non-proportional.
  • Blade parts of a Leitschaufei are directly rotatable without the interposition of the control ring from the drive shaft, whereas the blade parts of the other vanes are rotatable indirectly with the interposition of the control ring of the drive shaft.
  • the control ring is preferably displaceable in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction and fixed exclusively in the radial direction.
  • Showfileile multi-part vanes of a vane ring can be rotated synchronously with the vane adjusting device according to the invention under attack of low friction and Torsionsbelastung.
  • the respective coupling device in the region of each vane, is coupled to one of the drive levers about an axis parallel to the respective vane rotation axis, whereas the respective coupling device is coupled to the other drive lever via a pin in a guide groove of the respective other drive lever and is guided in a guide groove of a housing structure of the vane ring.
  • a single of the drive lever, which engage the bearing journal of the blade parts of the respective vane, is coupled to the control ring in the region of each vane. This allows a particularly advantageous displacement of the rotation initiated by the drive shaft rotation of the blade parts of the vanes on all vanes of the vane ring.
  • control ring is displaceable in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction, so that forces at coupling points between the control ring and the drive levers pivotally coupled to the control ring are perpendicular to the drive levers. Forces at the coupling points between the control ring and the drive levers coupled to the control ring are always perpendicular to the drive levers. In this way it can be ensured that bearings of the guide blades or guide blade parts are not loaded by parasitic force components. Ultimately, this reduces the load on the vane parts and bearings, whereby the vane adjusting is exposed to lower loads and therefore can be dimensioned with less space requirement.
  • turbomachine is defined in claim 10. Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:
  • FIG. 1 a perspective section of a turbomachine in the region of a vane ring and a Leitschaufelverstellvorrich- device for multi-part vanes of the vane ring; a plan view of the arrangement of Figure 1 in a first state. a plan view of the arrangement of Figure 1 in a second state. a perspective view of the arrangement of Fig. 3; the arrangement of Figure 1 with fully closed vanes in a 90 ° position to block a flow. the arrangement of Figure 1 with fully open vanes in a 0 ° position to produce a swirl-free flow. the arrangement of Figure 1 with partially open vanes in a 45 ° position to produce a flow with Vordrall.
  • the present invention relates to a Leitschaufelverstellvorutter for a turbomachine and a turbomachine with at least one such Leitschaufelverstellvortechnisch.
  • the basic structure of a turbomachine is familiar to the person mentioned here.
  • a turbomachine comprises a rotor with rotor-side rotor blades and a stator with stator-side stator blades.
  • the blades of the rotor form at least one blade ring, wherein the or each blade ring rotates together with a shaft of the rotor.
  • the vanes of the stator form at least one vane ring which is connected to a stator-side housing.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 to 8 each show a perspective section of a turbomachine, namely a perspective view of a so-called inlet guide of a turbomachine, by means of which the flow of a process gas can be selectively influenced before entering an impeller.
  • a vane ring 20 of a plurality of vanes each vane 21 is a plurality of parts of a front blade portion 22 and a rear blade portion 23 is formed.
  • each guide vane 21 In the region of each guide vane 21, the two vane parts 22, 23 are rotatable relative to each other about a common axis of rotation which extends in the radial direction and is referred to as the vane rotation axis, so that the parting plane of the vane parts 22, 23 of each vane 21 passes through the common guide vane axis of rotation of the vanes extends.
  • the bearing pin 24 of the front vane parts 22 are designed as hollow shafts and the bearing pin 25 of the rear vane parts 23 as solid waves, namely such that the hollow shaft formed as bearing journals 24 of the front blade parts 22 concentrically enclose the solid shaft bearing pin 25 of the rear blade parts 23.
  • the bearing pin of the front blade parts as solid waves
  • the bearing pin of the rear blade parts can be designed as hollow shafts, which in turn are concentric with each other.
  • the vane adjusting device according to the invention for the multi-part vanes 21 of the vane ring 20, by means of which the vane parts 22, 23 of each vane 21 can be rotated about guide axis axes extending in the radial direction, comprises a drive shaft 38 (shown dashed in FIG a drive motor, not shown, can be coupled and which can be driven by the drive motor.
  • the drive shaft 38 is directly coupled to one of the guide vanes 21 of the vane ring 20, namely such that the vane parts 22, 23 of these directly connected to the drive shaft 38 Leitschau- fei 21 starting from the drive shaft 38 without the interposition of a control ring 27 are directly rotatable.
  • the drive shaft 38 preferably runs coaxially with the bearing journals 24, 25 of this guide blade 21 and thus preferably coaxially with the guide-blade rotation axis of this directly rotatable guide blade 21.
  • the drive shaft 38 is indirectly coupled via the control ring 27, namely such that the blade parts 22, 23 of these other vanes 21 of the vane ring 20, starting from the drive shaft 38 with the interposition of the control ring 27 are indirectly rotatable.
  • each vane 21 On the bearing pin 24 of the front blade part 22 and on the bearing pin 25 of the rear blade part 23 of each vane 21 engages in each case a drive lever 28 or 29 at.
  • the drive lever 28 engages the hollow shaft designed as a journal 24 of the front blade portion 22 and the drive lever 29 on the designed as a solid shaft bearing pin 25 of the rear blade portion 23 at.
  • the drive levers 28, 29 of the blade parts 22, 23 are coupled to one another via a coupling device 30 in such a way that the blade parts 22, 23 of each guide blade 21 can be rotated synchronously with one another.
  • the respective coupling device 30 which is designed as a coupling rod, is coupled to one of the drive levers about an axis extending parallel to the respective vane rotation axis.
  • the respective coupling device 30 is coupled to the drive lever 28, which is bonded to the bearing journal 24 of the respective front blade part 22, about the axis 31 extending parallel to the respective guide blade axis of rotation.
  • the respective other drive lever namely in the illustrated embodiment with the drive lever 29 which is connected to the bearing pin 25 of the rear blade part 23
  • the respective coupling device 30 is coupled via a pin 32 which engages in a guide groove 33 of the respective other drive lever 29 and is guided in this guide groove 33.
  • the pin 32 engages with an opposite end in a guide groove 34 of the housing structure 26 of the vane ring.
  • the guide groove 33 of the respective drive lever 29 for the pin 32 is designed as a rectilinear slot and the guide groove 34 of the housing structure 26 designed as an arcuate slot.
  • the shape of the guide groove 34 in the housing structure 26 determines the ratio of the angles of rotation between the respective front blade portion 22 and the respective rear blade portion 23, thus determining, inter alia, whether the blade portions 22, 23 of each blade are rotated proportionally or non-proportionally to each other.
  • the drive lever 29 for the respective rear vane part 23 of the respective vane 21, which acts on the bearing journal 25 of this vane part 23, is coupled to the control ring 27.
  • a joint 35 is formed between the respective drive lever 29 and the control ring 27, via which the respective drive lever 29 engages on the control ring 27 in an articulated manner.
  • each vane 21 in each case a single one of the drive levers, namely the drive lever 29, which acts on the journal 25 of the rear vane portion 23 of the respective vane 21, coupled to the control ring 27, wherein the control ring 27 in the circumferential direction and axial direction ge - Can be displaced relative to the housing structure 26, but is fixed in the radial direction.
  • Forces at the coupling points between the control ring 27 and the drive levers 29 pivotally coupled to the control ring 27 are perpendicular to the drive levers 29, so that they are not strained by parasitic force components. This is a particularly advantageous rotation of the blade parts 22, 23 of each vane 21 relative to each other possible.
  • those drive levers 28, 29 are shown which serve to rotate the blade parts 22, 23 of those guide blades 21 relative to one another, which are rotatable indirectly from the drive shaft.
  • the drive levers 28, 29 of that guide vane 21, whose vane parts are rotatable directly from the drive shaft carried out in an analogous manner.
  • each drive lever which is coupled in an articulated manner to the control ring 27 via the respective joint 35, is designed as a multipart drive lever.
  • this is the drive lever 29, with which the bearing journal 25 of the rear blade part 23 of the respective guide blade 21 is coupled.
  • a first segment 36 of each of these drive levers 29 is rigidly coupled to the respective vane part 23 of the respective vane 21, namely with the bearing pin 25 of this vane part 23.
  • a second segment 27 of this drive lever 29 articulates on the control ring 27 via the respective joint 35.
  • the two segments 36, 37 of the respective drive lever 29 are coupled to one another in an articulated manner.
  • the other drive levers 28 which act on the respective other blade part 22 of the respective vane 21 or on the journal 24 of the same, are formed as one-piece lever, wherein at this, as already stated, the respective coupling element 30 via the parallel to the respective blade axis of rotation axis 31st hinged attacks.
  • the present invention therefore proposes a vane adjusting device for a vane ring 20, the vanes 21 of which are made in several parts, such that each vane 21 comprises a front vane part 22 and a rear vane part 23, which are rotated about a common vane rotation axis relative to one another can, wherein the parting plane of the respective blade parts 22, 23 extends through this guide vane rotation axis.
  • Each drive blade 28 or 29 is coupled to each blade part 22, 23 of each guide blade 21, the drive levers 28, 29 of each guide blade 21 being coupled to one another by a coupling element 30 designed as a coupling rod.
  • the respective coupling rod 30 is pivotally connected, namely about an axis extending parallel to the guide vane axis 31st With a pin 32, the respective coupling rod 30 is guided both in a guide groove 33 of the other drive lever 29 and in a guide groove 34 of the housing structure 26.
  • the vane parts 22, 23 of each vane 21 can be rotated synchronously with each other.
  • One of the drive levers of each vane 21 is coupled to the control ring 27 which is displaceably arranged on the housing structure 26 in the circumferential and axial directions.
  • the rotation of the guide blade field 21 can be initiated via the drive shaft 38, wherein a guide blade 21 can be rotated directly from the drive shaft 38, whereas the other guide blades 21 or their blade parts 22, 23 can be rotated indirectly via the control ring 27 from the drive shaft 38 , 5 to 8 show the vane ring 20 in different relative positions of the vane 21 and the blade parts 22, 23 thereof.
  • the guide vanes 21 or the blade parts 22, 23 thereof assume a so-called 90 ° position, in which the flow through the guide blade rim 20 is maximally closed.
  • FIG. 5 the guide vanes 21 or the blade parts 22, 23 thereof assume a so-called 90 ° position, in which the flow through the guide blade rim 20 is maximally closed.
  • the guide vanes 21 or their blade parts 22, 23 are transferred into the so-called 0 ° position, in which the flow through the guide vane ring 20 is maximally released.
  • no swirl is imparted to the flow in FIG. 7 and 8 show further relative positions of the guide vanes 21 and of the blade parts 22, 23, wherein in the so-called 45 ° position of the guide blade 21 according to FIG. 7 a so-called pre-twist and in the so-called 30 ° position of the guide blade 21 according to FIG 8, a so-called counter-rotation can be applied to the flow through the guide vane ring 20.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a guide vane adjusting device for a turbomachine, namely for rotating multiple guide vanes grouped into a guide vane assembly about guide vane rotational axes of the guide vanes of the guide vane assembly, said rotational axes extending in the radial direction. The device comprises a driveshaft (38), to which a drive motor can be coupled and which can be driven via the drive motor, and a control ring (27), which transmits a rotation of the driveshaft (38) to the guide vanes (21) in order to rotate the guide vanes of the guide vane assembly (20). Each guide vane (21) has a front vane part (22) and a rear vane part (23), each of which can be rotated relative to each other about a common rotational axis, namely the respective guide vane rotational axis. The driveshaft (38) is directly coupled to one of the guide vanes (21) of the guide vane assembly (20) such that the vane parts (22, 23) of said guide vane (21) of the guide vane assembly can be directly rotated on the basis of the driveshaft (38) without the interposition of the control ring (27). The driveshaft (38) is indirectly coupled to the other guide vanes (21) of the guide vane assembly (20) such that the guide vane parts (22, 23) of the other guide vanes of the guide vane assembly can be rotated indirectly on the basis of the driveshaft (38) with the interposition of the control ring (27). A respective drive lever (28, 29) acts on a bearing pin (24) of the front vane part (22) and a bearing pin (25) of the rear vane part (23) of the guide vane (21), and the drive lever (28, 29) of the vane parts of each guide vane (21) are coupled together via a respective coupling device (30) such that the vane parts (22, 23) of each guide vane (21) can be rotated in a synchronized manner.

Description

Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung und Strömungsmaschine  Guide vane adjusting device and turbomachine
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung für eine Strömungsmaschine und eine Strömungsmaschine mit einer Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung. The invention relates to a Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung for a turbomachine and a turbomachine with a Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung.
Aus der Praxis bekannte Strömungsmaschinen verfügen über einen Rotor und einen Stator. Der Rotor einer Strömungsmaschine umfasst eine Welle sowie mehre- re zusammen mit der Welle rotierende Laufschaufeln, wobei die Laufschaufeln zumindest einen Laufschaufelkranz ausbilden. Der Stator einer Strömungsmaschine umfasst ein Gehäuse sowie mehrere feststehende Leitschaufeln, wobei die Leitschaufeln mindestens einen Leitschaufelkranz ausbilden. Die aus der Praxis bekannten Leitschaufeln sind dabei einteilig ausgeführt. Aus der Praxis ist es be- reits bekannt, die einteiligen Leitschaufeln eines Lautschaufelkranzes einer Strömungsmaschine über eine Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung derart zu verstellen, dass die Leitschaufeln um eine sich in radialer Richtung des Rotors erstreckende Leitschaufeldrehachse drehbar sind. Aus der Praxis bekannte Leitschaufelverstell- vorrichtungen verfügen dabei über eine Antriebswelle, an die ein Antriebsmotor koppelbar ist und die über den Antriebsmotor antreibbar ist. Bei aus der Praxis bekannten Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtungen wird die Verdrehung der Antriebswelle über den Antriebsmotor mit Hilfe eines Steuerrings auf alle Leitschaufeln eines Leitschaufelkranzes übertragen, sodass demnach alle Leitschaufeln eines Leitschaufelkranzes indirekt unter Zwischenschaltung des Steuerrings ausgehend von der Antriebswelle verstellt bzw. verdreht werden. Um Strömungsdruckverluste an einem Leitschaufelkranz zu verringern und den Wirkungsgrad zu steigern, ist es wünschenswert, mehrteilige Leitschaufeln an Leitschaufelkränzen einzusetzen. Es sind jedoch bislang keine Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtungen bekannt, mit denen mehrteilige Leitschaufeln eines Leitschaufelkranzes einfach unter Anfall geringer Reibung und unter Anfall geringer Torsionsbelastung verdreht werden können. Hievon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine neuartige Leit- schaufelverstellvorrichtung und eine Strömungsmaschine mit einer solchen Leit- schaufelverstellvorrichtung zu schaffen. Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Leitschau- felverstellvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Erfindungsgemäß weist jede Leit- schaufei jeweils einen vorderen Schaufelteil und einen hinteren Schaufelteil auf, die jeweils um eine gemeinsame Drehachse, nämlich die jeweilige Leitschaufeldrehachse, relativ zueinander verdrehbar sind. Die Antriebswelle ist mit einer der Leitschaufeln des Leitschaufelkranzes direkt gekoppelt, derart, dass die Schaufelteile dieser Leitschaufel des Leitschaufelkranzes ausgehend von der Antriebswelle ohne Zwischenschaltung des Steuerrings direkt verdrehbar sind. Die Antriebswelle ist mit den anderen Leitschaufeln des Leitschaufelkranzes indirekt gekoppelt, derart, dass die Schaufelteile der anderen Leitschaufeln des Leitschaufelkranzes ausgehend von der Antriebswelle unter Zwischenschaltung des Steuerrings indirekt verdrehbar sind. An einem Lagerzapfen des vorderen Schaufelteils und einem Lagerzapfen des hinteren Schaufelteils einer jeden Leitschaufel greift jeweils ein Antriebshebel an, wobei die Antriebshebel der Schaufelteile der Leitschaufeln untereinander über jeweils eine Koppeleinrichtung derart gekoppelt sind, dass die Schaufelteile der Leitschaufeln synchron verdrehbar sind. Die erfindungsgemäße Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung ermöglicht die Verdrehung mehrteiliger Leitschau- fein um sich in radialer Richtung erstreckende Leitschaufeldrehachsen, nämlich derart, dass ein vorderes Schaufelteil und ein hinteres Schaufelteil einer jeden Leitschaufel jeweils um eine gemeinsame Drehachse synchron verdrehbar sind. Die synchrone Verdrehung der Schaufelteile einer jeden Leitschaufel zueinander kann dabei proportional oder nicht-proportional erfolgen. Schaufelteile einer Leit- schaufei sind dabei direkt ohne Zwischenschaltung des Steuerrings von der Antriebswelle aus verdrehbar, wohingegen die Schaufelteile der anderen Leitschaufeln indirekt unter Zwischenschaltung des Steuerrings von der Antriebswelle aus verdrehbar sind. Der Steuerring ist dabei vorzugsweise in Umfangsrichtung und in Axialrichtung verlagerbar und ausschließlich in Radialrichtung festgelegt. Schau- feiteile mehrteiliger Leitschaufeln eines Leitschaufelkranzes können mit der erfindungsgemäßen Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung unter Anfall geringer Reibung sowie Torsionsbelastung synchron verdreht werden. Nach einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist im Bereich jeder Leitschaufel die jeweilige Koppeleinrichtung mit einem der Antriebshebel um eine parallel zur jeweiligen Leitschaufeldrehachse verlaufende Achse gekoppelt, wohingegen die jeweilige Koppeleinrichtung mit dem anderen Antriebshebel über einen Zapfen gekoppelt ist, der in einer Führungsnut des jeweiligen anderen Antriebshebels und in einer Führungsnut einer Gehäusestruktur des Leitschaufelkranzes geführt ist. Hiermit ist eine besonders vorteilhafte Kopplung der Verdrehung der Schaufelteile einer jeden Leitschaufel des Leitschaufelkranzes möglich. Die Bewegung der Schaufelteile der Leitschaufeln zueinander ist durch die beteiligten Baugruppen eindeutig bestimmt. Turbomachines known from practice have a rotor and a stator. The rotor of a turbomachine comprises a shaft and several rotor blades rotating together with the shaft, wherein the rotor blades form at least one rotor blade ring. The stator of a turbomachine comprises a housing and a plurality of stationary vanes, wherein the vanes form at least one vane ring. The known from practice vanes are made in one piece. From practice, it is already known to adjust the one-piece vanes of a blade ring of a turbomachine via a Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung such that the vanes are rotatable about an extending in the radial direction of the rotor vane rotation axis. Leitschaufelverstell- known from practice have a drive shaft to which a drive motor can be coupled and which is driven by the drive motor. In Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtungen known from practice, the rotation of the drive shaft via the drive motor with the aid of a control ring on all vanes of a vane ring is transferred, so therefore all vanes of a vane ring indirectly adjusted or rotated starting with the interposition of the control ring from the drive shaft. In order to reduce flow pressure losses on a vane ring and to increase the efficiency, it is desirable to use multi-part vanes on vane rings. However, there are so far no Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtungen known with which multipart vanes of a vane ring can be easily twisted under attack low friction and under attack low torsional load. On this basis, the object of the invention is to provide a novel vane adjusting device and a turbomachine with such a vane adjusting device. This object is achieved by a Leitschau- felverstellvorrichtung according to claim 1. According to the invention, each guide blade has in each case a front blade part and a rear blade part, which are each rotatable relative to one another about a common axis of rotation, namely the respective guide blade rotational axis. The drive shaft is directly coupled to one of the vanes of the vane ring such that the vane parts of this vane ring vane are directly rotatable from the drive shaft without interposition of the control ring. The drive shaft is indirectly coupled to the other vanes of the vane ring, such that the vane parts of the other vanes of the vane ring are indirectly rotatable from the drive shaft with the interposition of the control ring. A drive lever engages in each case on a bearing journal of the front blade part and a bearing journal of the rear blade part of each guide blade, the drive levers of the blade parts of the guide blades being coupled to each other via a coupling device such that the blade parts of the guide blades can be rotated synchronously. The vane adjusting device according to the invention allows the rotation of multi-part Leitschau- fine to radially extending guide vane rotation axes, namely such that a front blade portion and a rear blade portion of each vane are synchronously rotated about a common axis of rotation. The synchronous rotation of the blade parts of each vane to each other can be proportional or non-proportional. Blade parts of a Leitschaufei are directly rotatable without the interposition of the control ring from the drive shaft, whereas the blade parts of the other vanes are rotatable indirectly with the interposition of the control ring of the drive shaft. The control ring is preferably displaceable in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction and fixed exclusively in the radial direction. Showfileile multi-part vanes of a vane ring can be rotated synchronously with the vane adjusting device according to the invention under attack of low friction and Torsionsbelastung. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in the region of each vane, the respective coupling device is coupled to one of the drive levers about an axis parallel to the respective vane rotation axis, whereas the respective coupling device is coupled to the other drive lever via a pin in a guide groove of the respective other drive lever and is guided in a guide groove of a housing structure of the vane ring. This makes a particularly advantageous coupling of the rotation of the blade parts of each vane of the vane ring possible. The movement of the blade parts of the guide vanes relative to one another is uniquely determined by the assemblies involved.
Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist im Bereich jeder Leitschaufel jeweils ein einziger der Antriebshebel, die an den Lagerzapfen der Schaufelteile der jeweiligen Leitschaufel angreifen, mit dem Steuerring gekoppelt ist. Dies ermöglicht eine besonders vorteilhafte Verlagerung der durch die Antriebswelle initiierten Verdrehung der Schaufelteile der Leitschaufeln auf alle Leitschaufeln des Leitschaufelkranzes. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a single of the drive lever, which engage the bearing journal of the blade parts of the respective vane, is coupled to the control ring in the region of each vane. This allows a particularly advantageous displacement of the rotation initiated by the drive shaft rotation of the blade parts of the vanes on all vanes of the vane ring.
Vorzugsweise ist der Steuerring in Umfangsrichtung und in Axialrichtung verlager- bar, sodass Kräfte an Kopplungspunkten zwischen dem Steuerring und den gelenkig mit dem Steuerring gekoppelten Antriebshebeln senkrecht zu den Antriebshebeln verlaufen. Kräfte an den Kopplungspunkten zwischen dem Steuerring und dem mit dem Steuerring gekoppelten Antriebshebeln verlaufen stets senkrecht zu den Antriebshebeln. Hierdurch kann gewährleistet werden, dass Lager der Leit- schaufeln bzw. Leitschaufelteile nicht durch parasitäre Kraftkomponenten belastet werden. Letztendlich wird hierdurch die Belastung der Leitschaufelteile und Lager reduziert, wodurch die Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung auch geringeren Belastungen ausgesetzt ist und daher mit geringerem Bauraumbedarf dimensioniert werden kann. Preferably, the control ring is displaceable in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction, so that forces at coupling points between the control ring and the drive levers pivotally coupled to the control ring are perpendicular to the drive levers. Forces at the coupling points between the control ring and the drive levers coupled to the control ring are always perpendicular to the drive levers. In this way it can be ensured that bearings of the guide blades or guide blade parts are not loaded by parasitic force components. Ultimately, this reduces the load on the vane parts and bearings, whereby the vane adjusting is exposed to lower loads and therefore can be dimensioned with less space requirement.
Die Strömungsmaschine ist in Anspruch 10 definiert. Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt: The turbomachine is defined in claim 10. Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:
einen perspektivischen Ausschnitt aus einer Strömungsmaschine im Bereich eines Leitschaufelkranzes und einer Leitschaufelverstellvorrich- tung für mehrteilige Leitschaufeln des Leitschaufelkranzes; eine Draufsicht auf die Anordnung der Fig. 1 in einem ersten Zustand; eine Draufsicht auf die Anordnung der Fig. 1 in einem zweiten Zustand; eine perspektivische Ansicht der Anordnung der Fig. 3; die Anordnung der Fig. 1 bei vollständig geschlossenen Leitschaufeln in einer 90°-Stellung zur Blockierung einer Strömung; die Anordnung der Fig. 1 bei vollständig geöffneten Leitschaufeln in einer 0°-Stellung zur Erzeugung einer drallfreien Strömung; die Anordnung der Fig. 1 bei teilweise geöffneten Leitschaufeln in einer 45°-Stellung zur Erzeugung einer Strömung mit Vordrall ; die Anordnung der Fig. 1 bei teilweise geöffneten Leitschaufeln in einer 30°-Stellung zur Erzeugung einer Strömung mit Gegendrall; einen teilweisen Querschnitt durch die Anordnung der Fig. 1 im Bereich einer Leitschaufel; und einen weiteren teilweisen Querschnitt durch die Anordnung der Fig. 1 im Bereich einer Leitschaufel. a perspective section of a turbomachine in the region of a vane ring and a Leitschaufelverstellvorrich- device for multi-part vanes of the vane ring; a plan view of the arrangement of Figure 1 in a first state. a plan view of the arrangement of Figure 1 in a second state. a perspective view of the arrangement of Fig. 3; the arrangement of Figure 1 with fully closed vanes in a 90 ° position to block a flow. the arrangement of Figure 1 with fully open vanes in a 0 ° position to produce a swirl-free flow. the arrangement of Figure 1 with partially open vanes in a 45 ° position to produce a flow with Vordrall. the arrangement of Figure 1 with partially open vanes in a 30 ° position to generate a flow with counter-rotation. a partial cross section through the arrangement of Figure 1 in the region of a vane. and a further partial cross section through the arrangement of Fig. 1 in the region of a guide vane.
Die hier vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung für eine Strömungsmaschine und eine Strömungsmaschine mit mindestens einer solchen Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung. Der grundsätzliche Aufbau einer Strömungsmaschine ist dem hier angesprochenen Fachmann geläufig. Es sei an dieser Stelle der Vollständigkeit halber ausgeführt, dass eine Strömungsmaschine einen Rotor mit rotorseitigen Laufschaufeln und einen Stator mit statorseitigen Leitschaufeln umfasst. Die Laufschaufeln des Rotors bilden mindestens einen Laufschaufelkranz, wobei der oder jeder Laufschaufelkranz zusammen mit einer Welle des Rotors rotiert. Die Leitschaufeln des Stators bilden mindestens einen Leitschaufelkranz, der an einem statorseitigen Gehäuse angebunden ist. The present invention relates to a Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung for a turbomachine and a turbomachine with at least one such Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung. The basic structure of a turbomachine is familiar to the person mentioned here. For the sake of completeness, it should be stated here that a turbomachine comprises a rotor with rotor-side rotor blades and a stator with stator-side stator blades. The blades of the rotor form at least one blade ring, wherein the or each blade ring rotates together with a shaft of the rotor. The vanes of the stator form at least one vane ring which is connected to a stator-side housing.
Fig. 1 sowie Fig. 5 bis 8 zeigen jeweils einen perspektivischen Ausschnitt aus einer Strömungsmaschine, nämlich eine perspektivische Ansicht eines sogenannten Eintrittleitapparats einer Strömungsmaschine, mit Hilfe dessen die Strömung eines Prozessgases vor Eintritt in ein Laufrad gezielt beeinflusst werden kann. So verfügt der in Fig. 1 , 5 bis 8 gezeigte Eintrittsleitapparat einen Leitschaufelkranz 20 aus mehreren Leitschaufeln, wobei jede Leitschaufel 21 mehrteilig aus einem vorderen Schaufelteil 22 und einem hinteren Schaufelteil 23 ausgebildet ist. Im Bereich jeder Leitschaufel 21 sind dabei die beiden Schaufelteile 22, 23 um eine gemeinsame Drehachse, die sich in radialer Richtung erstreckt und als Leitschaufeldrehachse bezeichnet wird, relativ zueinander verdrehbar, sodass sich demnach die Trennebene der Schaufelteile 22, 23 einer jeden Leitschaufel 21 durch die gemeinsame Leitschaufeldrehachse der Leitschaufeln erstreckt. Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 to 8 each show a perspective section of a turbomachine, namely a perspective view of a so-called inlet guide of a turbomachine, by means of which the flow of a process gas can be selectively influenced before entering an impeller. Thus, the Eintrittsleitapparat shown in Fig. 1, 5 to 8, a vane ring 20 of a plurality of vanes, each vane 21 is a plurality of parts of a front blade portion 22 and a rear blade portion 23 is formed. In the region of each guide vane 21, the two vane parts 22, 23 are rotatable relative to each other about a common axis of rotation which extends in the radial direction and is referred to as the vane rotation axis, so that the parting plane of the vane parts 22, 23 of each vane 21 passes through the common guide vane axis of rotation of the vanes extends.
Im Bereich jeder Leitschaufel 21 sind die Schaufelteile 22, 23 über Lagerzapfen 24, 25 in einer Gehäusestruktur 26 der Strömungsmaschine gelagert, wobei im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel die Lagerzapfen 24 der vorderen Schaufelteile 22 als Hohlwellen und die Lagerzapfen 25 der hinteren Schaufelteile 23 als Vollwellen ausgeführt sind, nämlich derart, dass die als Hohlwellen ausgebildeten Lagerzapfen 24 der vorderen Schaufelteile 22 die als Vollwellen ausgebildeten Lagerzapfen 25 der hinteren Schaufelteile 23 konzentrisch umschließen. Es sei an dieser Stelle darauf hingewiesen, dass selbstverständlich auch die Lagerzapfen der vorderen Schaufelteile als Vollwellen, die Lagerzapfen der hinteren Schaufelteile als Hohlwellen ausgeführt sein können, die wiederum konzentrisch zueinander verlaufen. Die erfindungsgemäße Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung für die mehrteiligen Leitschaufeln 21 des Leitschaufelkranzes 20, mit Hilfe derer die Schaufelteile 22, 23 einer jeden Leitschaufel 21 um sich in radialer Richtung erstreckende Leitschau- feldrehachsen verdreht werden können, umfasst eine in Fig. 1 gestrichelt gezeigte Antriebswelle 38, die an einen nicht gezeigten Antriebsmotor koppelbar ist und die vom Antriebsmotor aus antreibbar ist. Die Antriebswelle 38 ist mit einer der Leitschaufeln 21 des Leitschaufelkranzes 20 direkt gekoppelt, nämlich derart, dass die Schaufelteile 22, 23 dieser direkt mit der Antriebswelle 38 gekoppelten Leitschau- fei 21 ausgehend von der Antriebswelle 38 ohne Zwischenschaltung eines Steuerrings 27 direkt verdrehbar sind. In Fig. 1 handelt es sich bei derjenigen Leitschaufel 21 , deren Schaufelteile ausgehend von der Antriebswelle ohne Zwischenschaltung des Steuerrings 27 direkt verdrehbar sind, und diejenige Leitschaufel, die in Fig. 1 in etwa an der Ein-Uhr-Position des gezeigten Leitschaufelkranzes 20 posi- tioniert ist. Die Antriebswelle 38 verläuft vorzugsweise koaxial zu den Lagerzapfen 24, 25 dieser Leitschaufel 21 und damit vorzugsweise koaxial zur Leitschaufeldrehachse dieser direkt verdrehbaren Leitschaufel 21 . Mit den anderen Leitschaufeln 21 des Leitschaufelkranzes 20 ist die Antriebswelle 38 indirekt über den Steuerring 27 gekoppelt, nämlich derart, dass die Schaufelteile 22, 23 dieser anderen Leitschaufeln 21 des Leitschaufelkranzes 20, ausgehend von der Antriebswelle 38 unter Zwischenschaltung des Steuerrings 27 indirekt verdrehbar sind. In the region of each vane 21, the vane parts 22, 23 via bearing pins 24, 25 mounted in a housing structure 26 of the turbomachine, wherein in the illustrated embodiment, the bearing pin 24 of the front vane parts 22 are designed as hollow shafts and the bearing pin 25 of the rear vane parts 23 as solid waves, namely such that the hollow shaft formed as bearing journals 24 of the front blade parts 22 concentrically enclose the solid shaft bearing pin 25 of the rear blade parts 23. It should be noted at this point that, of course, the bearing pin of the front blade parts as solid waves, the bearing pin of the rear blade parts can be designed as hollow shafts, which in turn are concentric with each other. The vane adjusting device according to the invention for the multi-part vanes 21 of the vane ring 20, by means of which the vane parts 22, 23 of each vane 21 can be rotated about guide axis axes extending in the radial direction, comprises a drive shaft 38 (shown dashed in FIG a drive motor, not shown, can be coupled and which can be driven by the drive motor. The drive shaft 38 is directly coupled to one of the guide vanes 21 of the vane ring 20, namely such that the vane parts 22, 23 of these directly connected to the drive shaft 38 Leitschau- fei 21 starting from the drive shaft 38 without the interposition of a control ring 27 are directly rotatable. In FIG. 1, that guide vane 21 whose vane parts are directly rotatable, starting from the drive shaft without the interposition of the control ring 27, and the vane, which in FIG. 1 is approximately at the one o'clock position of the illustrated vane ring 20, are posi - tioniert is. The drive shaft 38 preferably runs coaxially with the bearing journals 24, 25 of this guide blade 21 and thus preferably coaxially with the guide-blade rotation axis of this directly rotatable guide blade 21. With the other vanes 21 of the vane ring 20, the drive shaft 38 is indirectly coupled via the control ring 27, namely such that the blade parts 22, 23 of these other vanes 21 of the vane ring 20, starting from the drive shaft 38 with the interposition of the control ring 27 are indirectly rotatable.
An dem Lagerzapfen 24 des vorderen Schaufelteils 22 sowie an dem Lagerzapfen 25 des hinteren Schaufelteils 23 einer jeden Leitschaufel 21 greift jeweils ein An- triebshebel 28 bzw. 29 an. So greift der Antriebshebel 28 an dem als Hohlwelle ausgebildeten Lagerzapfen 24 des vorderen Schaufelteils 22 und der Antriebshebel 29 an dem als Vollwelle ausgeführten Lagerzapfen 25 des hinteren Schaufelteils 23 an. Im Bereich jeder Leitschaufel 21 sind die Antriebshebel 28, 29 der Schaufelteile 22, 23 untereinander über jeweils eine Koppeleinrichtung 30 gekop- pelt, und zwar derart, dass die Schaufelteile 22, 23 einer jeden Leitschaufel 21 synchron zueinander verdrehbar sind. Im Bereich jeder Leitschaufel 21 ist die jeweilige Koppeleinrichtung 30, die als Koppelstange ausgeführt ist, mit einem der Antriebshebel um eine parallel zur jeweiligen Leitschaufeldrehachse verlaufende Achse gekoppelt. Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die jeweilige Koppeleinrichtung 30 mit dem Antriebshebel 28, der an den Lagerzapfen 24 des jeweiligen vorderen Schaufelteils 22 gebunden ist, um die parallel zur jeweiligen Leitschaufeldrehachse verlaufende Achse 31 gekoppelt. Mit dem jeweiligen anderen Antriebshebel, nämlich im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel mit dem Antriebshebel 29, der an den Lagerzapfen 25 des hinteren Schaufelteils 23 angebunden ist, ist die jeweilige Koppeleinrichtung 30 über einen Zapfen 32 gekoppelt, der in eine Führungsnut 33 des jeweiligen anderen Antriebshebels 29 eingreift und in dieser Führungsnut 33 geführt ist. Ferner greift der Zapfen 32 mit einem gegenüberliegenden Ende in eine Führungsnut 34 der Gehäusestruktur 26 des Leitschaufelkranzes ein. On the bearing pin 24 of the front blade part 22 and on the bearing pin 25 of the rear blade part 23 of each vane 21 engages in each case a drive lever 28 or 29 at. Thus, the drive lever 28 engages the hollow shaft designed as a journal 24 of the front blade portion 22 and the drive lever 29 on the designed as a solid shaft bearing pin 25 of the rear blade portion 23 at. In the region of each guide blade 21, the drive levers 28, 29 of the blade parts 22, 23 are coupled to one another via a coupling device 30 in such a way that the blade parts 22, 23 of each guide blade 21 can be rotated synchronously with one another. In the region of each vane 21, the respective coupling device 30, which is designed as a coupling rod, is coupled to one of the drive levers about an axis extending parallel to the respective vane rotation axis. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the respective coupling device 30 is coupled to the drive lever 28, which is bonded to the bearing journal 24 of the respective front blade part 22, about the axis 31 extending parallel to the respective guide blade axis of rotation. With the respective other drive lever, namely in the illustrated embodiment with the drive lever 29 which is connected to the bearing pin 25 of the rear blade part 23, the respective coupling device 30 is coupled via a pin 32 which engages in a guide groove 33 of the respective other drive lever 29 and is guided in this guide groove 33. Further, the pin 32 engages with an opposite end in a guide groove 34 of the housing structure 26 of the vane ring.
Die Führungsnut 33 des jeweiligen Antriebshebels 29 für den Zapfen 32 ist dabei als geradlinig verlaufendes Langloch und die Führungsnut 34 der Gehäusestruktur 26 als bogenförmig verlaufendes Langloch ausgeführt. The guide groove 33 of the respective drive lever 29 for the pin 32 is designed as a rectilinear slot and the guide groove 34 of the housing structure 26 designed as an arcuate slot.
Die Form der Führungsnut 34 in der Gehäusestruktur 26 legt dabei das Verhältnis der Drehwinkel zwischen dem jeweiligen vorderen Schaufelteil 22 und dem jeweiligen hinteren Schaufelteil 23 fest, bestimmt also unter anderem, ob die Schaufelteile 22, 23 einer jeden Leitschaufel proportional oder nichtproportional zueinander verdreht werden. The shape of the guide groove 34 in the housing structure 26 determines the ratio of the angles of rotation between the respective front blade portion 22 and the respective rear blade portion 23, thus determining, inter alia, whether the blade portions 22, 23 of each blade are rotated proportionally or non-proportionally to each other.
Im Bereich jeder Leitschaufel 21 ist jeweils einer der Antriebshebel, im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel der Antriebshebel 29 für das jeweilige hintere Schaufelteil 23 der jeweiligen Leitschaufel 21 , welche an dem Lagerzapfen 25 dieses Schaufelteils 23 angreift, mit dem Steuerring 27 gekoppelt. Dabei ist zwischen dem jeweiligen Antriebshebel 29 und dem Steuerring 27 ein Gelenk 35 ausgebildet, über wel- ches der jeweilige Antriebshebel 29 am Steuerring 27 gelenkig angreift. Wie bereits ausgeführt ist im Bereich jeder Leitschaufel 21 jeweils ein einziger der Antriebshebel, nämlich der Antriebshebel 29, der an dem Lagerzapfen 25 des hinteren Schaufelteils 23 der jeweiligen Leitschaufel 21 angreift, mit dem Steuerring 27 gekoppelt, wobei der Steuerring 27 in Umfangsrichtung und Axialrichtung ge- genüber der Gehäusestruktur 26 verlagerbar ist, jedoch in Radialrichtung festgelegt ist. Kräfte an den Kopplungspunkten zwischen dem Steuerring 27 und den gelenkig mit dem Steuerring 27 gekoppelten Antriebshebeln 29 verlaufen senkrecht zu den Antriebshebeln 29, sodass dieselben durch parasitäre Kraftkomponenten nicht belastet werden. Hiermit ist ein besonders vorteilhaftes Verdrehen der Schaufelteile 22, 23 einer jeden Leitschaufel 21 relativ zueinander möglich. In the region of each vane 21, one of the drive levers, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the drive lever 29 for the respective rear vane part 23 of the respective vane 21, which acts on the bearing journal 25 of this vane part 23, is coupled to the control ring 27. In this case, a joint 35 is formed between the respective drive lever 29 and the control ring 27, via which the respective drive lever 29 engages on the control ring 27 in an articulated manner. As already stated, in the region of each vane 21, in each case a single one of the drive levers, namely the drive lever 29, which acts on the journal 25 of the rear vane portion 23 of the respective vane 21, coupled to the control ring 27, wherein the control ring 27 in the circumferential direction and axial direction ge - Can be displaced relative to the housing structure 26, but is fixed in the radial direction. Forces at the coupling points between the control ring 27 and the drive levers 29 pivotally coupled to the control ring 27 are perpendicular to the drive levers 29, so that they are not strained by parasitic force components. This is a particularly advantageous rotation of the blade parts 22, 23 of each vane 21 relative to each other possible.
In den gezeigten Figuren sind diejenigen Antriebshebel 28, 29 gezeigt, die der Verdrehung der Schaufelteile 22, 23 derjenigen Leitschaufeln 21 relativ zueinander dienen, die indirekt von der Antriebswelle aus verdrehbar sind. Vorzugsweise sind die Antriebshebel 28, 29 derjenigen Leitschaufel 21 , deren Schaufelteile direkt von der Antriebswelle aus verdrehbar sind, auf analoge Art und Weise ausgeführt. In the figures shown, those drive levers 28, 29 are shown which serve to rotate the blade parts 22, 23 of those guide blades 21 relative to one another, which are rotatable indirectly from the drive shaft. Preferably, the drive levers 28, 29 of that guide vane 21, whose vane parts are rotatable directly from the drive shaft, carried out in an analogous manner.
Im Bereich jeder Leitschaufel 21 ist derjenige Antriebshebel, der gelenkig mit dem Steuerring 27 über das jeweilige Gelenk 35 gekoppelt ist, als mehrteiliger Antriebshebel ausgebildet. Hierbei handelt es sich im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel um den Antriebshebel 29, mit dem Lagerzapfen 25 des hinteren Schaufelteils 23 der jeweiligen Leitschaufel 21 gekoppelt ist. In the area of each guide blade 21, that drive lever, which is coupled in an articulated manner to the control ring 27 via the respective joint 35, is designed as a multipart drive lever. In the exemplary embodiment shown, this is the drive lever 29, with which the bearing journal 25 of the rear blade part 23 of the respective guide blade 21 is coupled.
Ein erstes Segment 36 jedes dieser Antriebshebel 29 ist starr mit dem jeweiligen Schaufelteil 23 der jeweiligen Leitschaufel 21 gekoppelt, nämlich mit dem Lagerzapfen 25 dieses Schaufelteils 23. Ein zweites Segment 27 dieser Antriebshebel 29 greift gelenkig am Steuerring 27 über das jeweilige Gelenk 35 an. Ferner sind die beiden Segmente 36, 37 der jeweiligen Antriebshebel 29 untereinander gelen- kig gekoppelt. Die anderen Antriebshebel 28, die am jeweils anderen Schaufelteil 22 der jeweiligen Leitschaufel 21 bzw. am Lagerzapfen 24 derselben angreifen, sind als einteilige Hebel ausgebildet, wobei an diesem, wie bereits ausgeführt, das jeweilige Koppelelement 30 über die parallel zur jeweiligen Schaufeldrehachse verlaufende Achse 31 gelenkig angreift. A first segment 36 of each of these drive levers 29 is rigidly coupled to the respective vane part 23 of the respective vane 21, namely with the bearing pin 25 of this vane part 23. A second segment 27 of this drive lever 29 articulates on the control ring 27 via the respective joint 35. Furthermore, the two segments 36, 37 of the respective drive lever 29 are coupled to one another in an articulated manner. The other drive levers 28 which act on the respective other blade part 22 of the respective vane 21 or on the journal 24 of the same, are formed as one-piece lever, wherein at this, as already stated, the respective coupling element 30 via the parallel to the respective blade axis of rotation axis 31st hinged attacks.
Die hier vorliegende Erfindung schlägt demnach eine Leitschaufelverstellvorrich- tung für einen Leitschaufelkranz 20 vor, deren Leitschaufeln 21 mehrteilig ausgeführt sind, nämlich derart, dass jede Leitschaufel 21 einen vorderen Schaufelteil 22 und einen hinteren Schaufelteil 23 umfasst, die um eine gemeinsame Leitschaufeldrehachse relativ zueinander verdreht werden können, wobei sich die Trennebene der jeweiligen Schaufelteile 22, 23 durch diese Leitschaufeldrehachse erstreckt. Mit jedem Schaufelteil 22, 23 einer jeden Leitschaufel 21 ist jeweils ein Antriebshebel 28 bzw. 29 gekoppelt, wobei die Antriebshebel 28, 29 einer jeden Leitschaufel 21 durch ein als Koppelstange ausgebildetes Koppelelement 30 untereinander gekoppelt sind. Mit jeweils einem der Antriebshebel 28 ist die jeweilige Koppelstange 30 gelenkig verbunden, nämlich um eine sich zur Leitschaufeldrehachse parallel erstreckende Achse 31 . Mit einem Zapfen 32 ist die jeweilige Koppelstange 30 sowohl in einer Führungsnut 33 des anderen Antriebshebels 29 als auch in einer Führungsnut 34 der Gehäusestruktur 26 geführt. Über diese Kopplung der Antriebshebel 28, 29 der Schaufelteile 22, 23 einer jeden Leitschaufel 21 können die Schaufelteile 22, 23 einer jeden Leitschaufel 21 synchron zueinander verdreht werden. Einer der Antriebshebel einer jeden Leitschaufel 21 ist mit dem Steuerring 27 gekoppelt, der auf der Gehäusestruktur 26 in Umfangsrichtung und Axialrichtung verlagerbar angeordnet ist. Der jeweilige Antriebshebel 29, der mit dem Steuerring 27 verbunden ist, greift dabei gelenkig am Steuerring 27 an. Über die Antriebswelle38 ist die Verdrehung der Leitschaufeld 21 initiierbar, wobei eine Leitschaufel 21 direkt von der Antriebswelle 38 aus drehbar ist, wohingegen die anderen Leitschaufeln 21 bzw. deren Schaufelteile 22, 23 indirekt über den Steu- erring 27 von der Antriebswelle 38 aus verdrehbar sind. Fig. 5 bis 8 zeigen den Leitschaufelkranz 20 in unterschiedlichen Relativpositionen der Leitschaufel 21 bzw. der Schaufelteile 22, 23 derselben. In Fig. 5 nehmen die Leitschaufeln 21 bzw. die Schaufelteile 22, 23 derselben eine sogenannte 90°- Stellung ein, in welcher die Strömung durch den Leitschaufelkranz 20 maximal verschlossen ist. In Fig. 6 hingegen sind die Leitschaufeln 21 bzw. deren Schaufelteile 22, 23 in die sogenannte 0°-Stellung überführt, in welcher die Strömung durch den Leitschaufelkranz 20 maximal freigegeben wird. Dabei wird in Fig. 6 auf die Strömung kein Drall aufgeprägt. Fig. 7 und 8 zeigen weitere Relativpositionen der Leitschaufeln 21 bzw. der Schaufelteile 22, 23, wobei in der sogenannten 45°- Stellung der Leitschaufel 21 gemäß Fig. 7 ein sogenannter Vordrall und in der sogenannten 30°-Stellung der Leitschaufel 21 gemäß Fig. 8 ein sogenannter Gegendrall auf die den Leitschaufelkranz 20 durchströmende Strömung aufgebracht werden kann. The present invention therefore proposes a vane adjusting device for a vane ring 20, the vanes 21 of which are made in several parts, such that each vane 21 comprises a front vane part 22 and a rear vane part 23, which are rotated about a common vane rotation axis relative to one another can, wherein the parting plane of the respective blade parts 22, 23 extends through this guide vane rotation axis. Each drive blade 28 or 29 is coupled to each blade part 22, 23 of each guide blade 21, the drive levers 28, 29 of each guide blade 21 being coupled to one another by a coupling element 30 designed as a coupling rod. With each one of the drive lever 28, the respective coupling rod 30 is pivotally connected, namely about an axis extending parallel to the guide vane axis 31st With a pin 32, the respective coupling rod 30 is guided both in a guide groove 33 of the other drive lever 29 and in a guide groove 34 of the housing structure 26. By means of this coupling of the drive levers 28, 29 of the blade parts 22, 23 of each vane 21, the vane parts 22, 23 of each vane 21 can be rotated synchronously with each other. One of the drive levers of each vane 21 is coupled to the control ring 27 which is displaceably arranged on the housing structure 26 in the circumferential and axial directions. The respective drive lever 29, which is connected to the control ring 27, thereby engages articulated on the control ring 27. The rotation of the guide blade field 21 can be initiated via the drive shaft 38, wherein a guide blade 21 can be rotated directly from the drive shaft 38, whereas the other guide blades 21 or their blade parts 22, 23 can be rotated indirectly via the control ring 27 from the drive shaft 38 , 5 to 8 show the vane ring 20 in different relative positions of the vane 21 and the blade parts 22, 23 thereof. In FIG. 5, the guide vanes 21 or the blade parts 22, 23 thereof assume a so-called 90 ° position, in which the flow through the guide blade rim 20 is maximally closed. In contrast, in FIG. 6, the guide vanes 21 or their blade parts 22, 23 are transferred into the so-called 0 ° position, in which the flow through the guide vane ring 20 is maximally released. In this case, no swirl is imparted to the flow in FIG. 7 and 8 show further relative positions of the guide vanes 21 and of the blade parts 22, 23, wherein in the so-called 45 ° position of the guide blade 21 according to FIG. 7 a so-called pre-twist and in the so-called 30 ° position of the guide blade 21 according to FIG 8, a so-called counter-rotation can be applied to the flow through the guide vane ring 20.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung für eine Strömungsmaschine, nämlich zur Verdrehung mehrerer zu einem Leitschaufelkranz gruppierter Leitschaufeln um sich in radialer Richtung erstreckende Leitschaufeldrehachsen der Leitschaufeln des Leitschaufelkranzes, mit Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung for a turbomachine, namely for rotating a plurality of vanes grouped to a vane ring about radially extending guide vane axes of rotation of the vanes, with the guide vanes
einer Antriebswelle (38), an die ein Antriebsmotor koppelbar ist und die über den Antriebsmotor antreibbar ist;  a drive shaft (38) to which a drive motor is coupled and which is drivable via the drive motor;
einem Steuerring (27), der eine Verdrehung der Antriebswelle (38) zur Verdrehung von Leitschaufeln (21 ) des Leitschaufelkranz (20) auf dieselben überträgt;  a control ring (27) which transmits a rotation of the drive shaft (38) for rotation of vanes (21) of the vane ring (20) thereon;
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
jede Leitschaufel (21 ) jeweils einen vorderen Schaufelteil (22) und einen hinteren Schaufelteil (23) aufweist, die jeweils um eine gemeinsame Drehachse, nämlich die jeweilige Leitschaufeldrehachse, relativ zueinander verdrehbar sind;  each vane (21) each has a front vane portion (22) and a rear vane portion (23) each rotatable relative to each other about a common axis of rotation, viz., the respective vane rotational axis;
die Antriebswelle (38) mit einer der Leitschaufeln (21 ) des Leitschaufelkranzes (20) direkt gekoppelt ist, derart, dass die Schaufelteile (22, 23) dieser Leitschaufel (21 ) des Leitschaufelkranzes ausgehend von der Antriebswelle (38) ohne Zwischenschaltung des Steuerrings (27) direkt verdrehbar sind;  the drive shaft (38) is directly coupled to one of the vanes (21) of the vane ring (20), such that the vane parts (22, 23) of said vane ring vane (21) proceed from the drive shaft (38) without interposition of the control ring (FIG. 27) are directly rotatable;
die Antriebswelle (38) mit den anderen Leitschaufeln (21 ) des Leitschaufelkranzes (20) indirekt gekoppelt ist, derart, dass die Schaufelteile (22, 23) der anderen Leitschaufeln des Leitschaufelkranzes ausgehend von der Antriebswelle (38) unter Zwischenschaltung des Steuerrings (27) indirekt verdrehbar sind;  the drive shaft (38) is indirectly coupled to the other vanes (21) of the vane ring (20), such that the vane parts (22, 23) of the other vane ring vanes proceed from the drive shaft (38) with the interposition of the control ring (27). are indirectly rotatable;
an einem Lagerzapfen (24) des vorderen Schaufelteils (22) und einem Lagerzapfen (25) des hinteren Schaufelteils (23) der Leitschaufel (21 ) jeweils ein Antriebshebel (28, 29) angreift, wobei die Antriebshebel (28, 29) der Schaufelteile der jeweiligen Leitschaufel (21 ) untereinander über jeweils eine Koppeleinrichtung (30) derart gekoppelt sind, dass die Schaufelteile (22, 23) der jeweiligen Leitschaufel (21 ) synchron verdrehbar sind.  on a bearing journal (24) of the front blade part (22) and a bearing journal (25) of the rear blade part (23) of the guide blade (21) in each case a drive lever (28, 29) engages, wherein the drive lever (28, 29) of the blade parts of respective guide vane (21) are coupled to each other via a respective coupling device (30) such that the vane parts (22, 23) of the respective vane (21) are synchronously rotatable.
Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Lagerzapfen (24) des vorderen Schaufelteils (22) einer jeden Leitschaufel (21 ) als Vollwelle und der Lagerzapfen (25) des hinteren Schaufelteils (23) einer jeden Leitschaufel (21 ) als Hohlwelle oder alternativ der Lagerzapfen (24) des vorderen Schaufelteils (22) einer jeden Leitschaufel (21 ) als Hohlwelle und der Lagerzapfen (25) des hinteren Schaufelteils (23) einer jeden Leitschaufel (21 ) als Vollwelle ausgebildet ist, die jeweils konzentrisch zueinander verlaufen. A vane adjusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing journal (24) of each vane (21) as a solid shaft and the journal (25) of the rear vane portion (23) of each vane (21) as a hollow shaft or alternatively the bearing journal (24) of the front blade part (22) of each vane (21) is formed as a hollow shaft and the bearing journal (25) of the rear blade part (23) of each vane (21) is a solid shaft, each concentric with each other.
Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich der Leitschaufeln (21 ) die jeweilige Koppeleinrichtung (30) mit einem der Antriebshebel (28) um eine parallel zur jeweiligen Leitschaufeldrehachse verlaufende Achse (31 ) gekoppelt ist, wohingegen die jeweilige Koppeleinrichtung (30) mit dem anderen Antriebshebel (29) über einen Zapfen (32) gekoppelt ist, der in einer Führungsnut (33) des jeweiligen anderen Antriebshebels (29) und in einer Führungsnut (34) einer Gehäusestruktur (26) des Leitschaufelkranzes geführt ist. Guide vane adjusting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the region of the guide vanes (21) the respective coupling device (30) is coupled to one of the drive levers (28) about an axis parallel to the respective vane rotation axis (31), whereas the respective coupling device ( 30) is coupled to the other drive lever (29) via a pin (32) which is guided in a guide groove (33) of the respective other drive lever (29) and in a guide groove (34) of a housing structure (26) of the vane ring.
Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Form der jeweiligen Führungsnut (34) der Gehäusestruktur (26) das Verhältnis der Drehwinkel zwischen dem jeweiligen vorderen Schaufelteil (22) und dem jeweiligen hinteren Schaufelteil (23) festlegt. A vane adjusting device according to claim 4, characterized in that the shape of the respective guide groove (34) of the housing structure (26) determines the ratio of the rotational angles between the respective front blade part (22) and the respective rear blade part (23).
Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich der Leitschaufeln (21 ) jeweils einer der Antriebshebel (29), die an den Lagerzapfen der Schaufelteile der jeweiligen Leitschaufel angreifen, mit dem Steuerring (27) gekoppelt ist. Guide vane adjusting device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the region of the guide vanes (21) each one of the drive lever (29) which engage the bearing journal of the vane parts of the respective vane, with the control ring (27) is coupled.
Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Steuerring (27) in Umfangsrichtung und in Axialrichtung verlagerbar ist, sodass Kräfte an Kopplungspunkten zwischen dem Steuerring (27) und den gelenkig mit dem Steuerring (27) gekoppelten Antriebshebeln (29) senkrecht zu den Antriebshebeln (29) verlaufen. Guide vane adjusting device according to claim 5, characterized in that the control ring (27) in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction is displaceable, so that forces at coupling points between the control ring (27) and the articulated with the control ring (27) coupled to drive levers (29) perpendicular to the drive levers (29).
Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich der direkt von der Antriebswelle antreibbaren Leitschaufel (21 ) eines der Schaufelteile mit dem Steuerring (27) über einen der Antriebshebel (29) der Leitschaufel gelenkig gekoppelt ist; und dass im Bereich der indirekt von der Antriebswelle antreibbaren Leitschaufeln (21 ) jeweils eines der Schaufelteile mit dem Steuerring (27) ebenfalls über einen der Antriebshebel (29) der jeweiligen Leitschaufel gelenkig gekoppelt ist. Guide vane adjusting device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that in the region of the directly driven by the drive shaft guide vane (21) of the blade parts with the control ring (27) via one of the drive lever (29) of the guide vane is articulated coupled; and in that in the region of the guide vanes (21) which can be indirectly driven by the drive shaft, one of the blade parts is also pivotably coupled to the control ring (27) via one of the drive levers (29) of the respective guide blade.
Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antriebshebel (29), über welche ein erstes der Schaufelteile der Leitschaufeln (21 ) mit dem Steuerring (27) gekoppelt sind, als mehrteilige Hebel ausgebildet sind, wobei ein erstes Segment (36) derselben starr mit dem jeweiligen Schaufelteil der jeweiligen Leitschaufel (21 ) gekoppelt ist, wobei ein zweites Segment (37) derselben gelenkig mit dem Steuerring (27) gekoppelt ist, und wobei das erste Segment (36) mit dem zweiten Segment (37) derselben gelenkig gekoppelt ist. Guide vane adjusting device according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the drive lever (29) via which a first of the blade parts of the guide vanes (21) are coupled to the control ring (27) are designed as multi-part lever, wherein a first segment ( 36) thereof is rigidly coupled to the respective vane portion of the respective vane (21), a second segment (37) of which is pivotally coupled to the control ring (27), and wherein the first segment (36) is coupled to the second segment (37). the same is articulated coupled.
Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antriebshebel (28), die am jeweils anderen Schaufelteil angreifen, als einteilige Hebel ausgebildet sind. Guide vane adjusting device according to claim 8, characterized in that the drive lever (28), which act on the respective other blade part, are formed as one-piece lever.
10. Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Antriebsmotor ein Servomotor ist. 10. Guide vane adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive motor is a servomotor.
1 1 . Strömungsmaschine, mit einem Laufschaufeln aufweisenden Rotor und mit einem Leitschaufeln aufweisenden Stator, wobei die Leitschaufeln mindestens einen Leitschaufelkranz bilden, und wobei mindestens die Leitschaufeln mindestens eines Leitschaufelkranzes durch eine Leitschaufelverstellvorrichtung verstellbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leitschaufelverstellvor- richtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 ausgebildet ist. 1 1. A turbomachine comprising a rotor having rotor blades and a stator having vanes, the vanes forming at least one vane ring, and wherein at least the vanes of at least one vane ring are adjustable by a vane adjusting device, characterized in that the vane adjusting device according to one of claims 1 to 9 is formed.
EP16712909.7A 2015-04-15 2016-03-31 Variable guide vane actuating device and turbomachine Active EP3283733B1 (en)

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DE102015004649.7A DE102015004649A1 (en) 2015-04-15 2015-04-15 Guide vane adjusting device and turbomachine
PCT/EP2016/057083 WO2016165950A1 (en) 2015-04-15 2016-03-31 Guide vane adjusting device and turbomachine

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JP (1) JP6499314B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101985130B1 (en)
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EP3283733B1 (en) 2019-05-15
KR20170135944A (en) 2017-12-08
JP2018511737A (en) 2018-04-26
RU2666260C1 (en) 2018-09-06
DE102015004649A1 (en) 2016-10-20
CN107810311A (en) 2018-03-16
US10400622B2 (en) 2019-09-03
US20180119566A1 (en) 2018-05-03
WO2016165950A1 (en) 2016-10-20
JP6499314B2 (en) 2019-04-10
DK3283733T3 (en) 2019-08-05
KR101985130B1 (en) 2019-05-31
CN107810311B (en) 2020-01-03

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