EP1816401B1 - Turbomachine - Google Patents

Turbomachine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1816401B1
EP1816401B1 EP07100491.5A EP07100491A EP1816401B1 EP 1816401 B1 EP1816401 B1 EP 1816401B1 EP 07100491 A EP07100491 A EP 07100491A EP 1816401 B1 EP1816401 B1 EP 1816401B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turbomachine
half shell
shell
rotor
bottom half
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07100491.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1816401A2 (en
EP1816401A3 (en
Inventor
Bogdan Trbojevic
Stevica Furdek
Urs Benz
Anna Maria Olsson
Elisabetta Carrea
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General Electric Technology GmbH
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Alstom Technology AG
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Publication of EP1816401A2 publication Critical patent/EP1816401A2/en
Publication of EP1816401A3 publication Critical patent/EP1816401A3/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23RGENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/50Combustion chambers comprising an annular flame tube within an annular casing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23RGENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/60Support structures; Attaching or mounting means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316Impeller making
    • Y10T29/4932Turbomachine making

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a turbomachine with a combustion chamber, in particular a gas turbine.
  • the invention also relates to a method for disassembling an element of the turbomachine.
  • Turbomachines such as gas turbines
  • Turbomachines are now widely used in power plant engineering, and particularly economically, when running continuously.
  • Longer downtimes and frequent startup or shutdown of the turbine have a negative effect on the service life of the turbine, since the material load is particularly high during startup and shutdown, on the other hand require longer downtime, for example by maintenance, high costs or Revenue loss.
  • the material load is particularly high during startup and shutdown, on the other hand require longer downtime, for example by maintenance, high costs or Revenue loss.
  • the costs as low as possible, it is anxious to use the turbomachinery in continuous operation.
  • a temporary shutdown of the turbomachine due to maintenance to be performed can not be avoided, but these downtime should be as short as possible.
  • the publication DE-198 21 889-A discloses a cost-saving device and a corresponding method for maintenance work in the inner housing of a multi-shell turbomachine.
  • the invention deals with the problem of specifying for a turbomachine of the type mentioned an embodiment which is characterized by a high ease of maintenance, in particular with regard to the combustion chamber components, and thus significantly reduced downtime and as a result reduced maintenance costs.
  • the invention is based on the general idea constructively construct a turbomachine with a combustion chamber so that in the case of maintenance on the components can be easily and quickly accessed for the purpose of viewing, maintenance, the replacement or replacement of the components.
  • a closable maintenance opening is provided on the housing at least in the region of the combustion chamber, which can be opened easily and quickly and, in the opened state, gives access to an outer support, an inner support and a front panel.
  • the outer support, the inner support and the front panel together limit the combustion chamber and are thus exposed to high temperatures. These Temperature load in turn requires an interval maintenance, in which the functioning of said parts is checked and the parts may be renewed or replaced.
  • the outer support, the inner support and the front panel are formed as annular shell elements, each having a lower half-shell and an upper half-shell connectable therewith.
  • these In order to mount the outer support, the inner support and the front panel easy and accurate, these have axially acting connection contours, which allow a simple and quick release or connection of the said parts by moving in the axial direction.
  • the annular shell elements By dividing the annular shell elements in each case a lower and thus connectable upper half-shell, the half-shells can be assembled and disassembled by the example mounted on the top maintenance opening, whereby the maintenance can be significantly reduced.
  • At least one of the connecting contours is designed as an axially open circumferential groove or as a peripheral spring interacting with this circumferential groove.
  • the tongue and groove effect achieved on the one hand facilitates the disassembly or assembling of the turbomachine and on the other hand ensures a precisely fitting joining of the combustion chamber delimiting shell elements.
  • other connecting contours in particular in the form of mutually complementary projections or recesses conceivable, which also offer the advantages just mentioned.
  • the upper half shells are formed so that they are axially displaceable for disassembly with respect to a rotor of the turbomachine and then radially removable.
  • the upper half shells For disassembly of the upper half shells thus releasing the same from the corresponding lower half-shell or from a housing is required, whereupon the upper Half shells axially displaced and thus the connection contours can be detached from each other.
  • the upper half shells for example by means of a lifting tool, can be removed radially with respect to the rotor.
  • the assembly of the upper half shells takes place in the reverse order, so that they are initially approximated radially to the rotor and are moved parallel to the rotor before reaching their final installation position such that the connecting contours engage one another positively or rest against each other.
  • a simple dismantling of the upper half-shell is made possible, which facilitates in particular maintenance.
  • the lower half-shells are designed so that they are axially displaceable for their disassembly by means of an auxiliary tool, which is rotatably connected to the rotor, and rotatable about the rotor axis or with the rotor upwards.
  • an auxiliary tool which is rotatably connected to the rotor, and rotatable about the rotor axis or with the rotor upwards.
  • the lower half shell After loosening any existing connection means with which the lower half shell is attached to the housing and / or another lower half shell, the lower half shell can be moved for example by means of two movably arranged on the auxiliary tool carriage parallel to the rotor and thus out of the connection contour.
  • the auxiliary tool By turning the rotor axis again by 180 °, the auxiliary tool can be turned upwards again and removed after loosening the connecting means between the auxiliary tool and the rotor of the latter.
  • the half shells mentioned can be half shells of the front panel, the outdoor wearer or be the interior carrier. Overall, this greatly simplifies the assembly and disassembly process of the two half-shells.
  • Corresponding Fig. 1 has a combustion chamber 1 of a turbomachine 2, not shown otherwise an external support 3, a front panel 4 and an inner support 5 on. Both the outer support 3 and the front plate 4 and the inner support 5 are provided to the combustion chamber 1 out with a heat-resistant coating 6 and limit the combustion chamber 1.
  • the inner support 5 and the front panel 4 in mounted Condition via axially releasable connection contours 7 and 7 'with each other and / or connected to a housing 8.
  • the connecting contours 7 are symbolized by circles and can be formed, for example, as axially open circumferential grooves 9 and as cooperating with this peripheral groove 9 circumferential spring 10.
  • Axial means parallel to a rotor 11.
  • connecting contours 7 are formed as grooves and springs.
  • All connecting contours 7 have in common that they provide an axial connection between the outer support 3, the inner support 5 and the front panel 4 and the housing 8.
  • Both the outer support 3, and the inner support 5 and the front plate 4 are inventively designed as annular shell elements 13, each having a lower half-shell 14 and an upper half-shell 15 connectable thereto (see Fig. 2 to 6 ).
  • the upper half shells 15 are formed so that they are for disassembly with respect to the rotor 11 of Turbomachine 2 axially displaceable and then radially removable.
  • the lower half shells 14 are formed so that they for their disassembly by means of an auxiliary tool 16 (see Fig. 4 ), which is rotatably connected to the rotor 11, axially displaceable and rotatable with the rotor 11 upwards.
  • Fig. 2 is an axial front view of a turbomachine 2, which is circumferentially closed by the housing 8.
  • the housing 8 is opened in the region of the combustion chamber 1, so that access to the outer support 3 or its upper half shell 15 is released.
  • the rotor axis 11 and the rotor 11 is in the Fig. 2 to 6 perpendicular to the image plane.
  • the upper half-shell 15 can be detached from the lower half-shell 14, and axially, that is according to Fig. 2 to 6 be moved out of the picture plane or into the picture plane.
  • the axial displacement causes a moving apart of the connecting contours 7, which release the upper half-shell 15 in the radial direction. After this release takes place a decrease in a substantially radial direction.
  • Fig. 4 the upper half-shell 15 of the outer support 3 is already removed and an auxiliary tool 16 rotatably connected via corresponding connecting means 17 to the rotor 11 of the turbomachine 2.
  • the auxiliary tool 16 is connected via axially displaceable adapter slides 18 arranged therein to the lower half-shell 15 in such a way that they are displaced axially, ie out of the image plane or into the image plane can.
  • a release of the same takes place from the axial connecting contours 7, which in Fig. 1 are shown.
  • the lower half shell 14 is rotated with the rotor 11 by approximately 180 °, until the lower half shell 14 essentially follows the position of the removed upper half shell 15 in accordance with FIG Fig. 3 occupies.
  • the turning process is in Fig. 5 shown.
  • the rotation is completed and the lower half-shell 14 has taken the position of the previously removed upper half-shell 15.
  • the upwardly twisted lower half-shell 14 can be released from the auxiliary tool 16 and radially outward, for example, by a lifting tool in the form of a crane, be removed.
  • the turbomachine 2 according to the invention or the method according to the invention for dismantling the outer carrier 3 and / or the inner carrier 5 or the front plate 4 have several fundamental advantages.
  • the housing 8 must have only a maintenance opening in the region of the combustion chamber 1 or be designed such that an upper housing part 8 'can be removed. As a result, the access to the upper half-shells 15 of the outer support 3, the inner support 5 and the front panel 4 is freed.
  • a removal of a lower housing half 8 " can be omitted as well as the removal of the rotor 11th
  • the inventive turbomachine 2 or the method according to the invention considerably simplifies maintenance, that is disassembly or replacement and reassembly of the outer support 3, the front panel 4 and the inner support 5, thereby reducing maintenance and thus also maintenance costs and associated downtimes the turbomachine 2 can be significantly reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Strömungsmaschine mit einer Brennkammer, insbesondere eine Gasturbine. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Verfahren zur Demontage eines Elementes der Strömungsmaschine.The present invention relates to a turbomachine with a combustion chamber, in particular a gas turbine. The invention also relates to a method for disassembling an element of the turbomachine.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Strömungsmaschinen, wie beispielsweise Gasturbinen, sind heutzutage in der Kraftwerkstechnik weit verbreitet und insbesondere dann wirtschaftlich, wenn sie kontinuierlich laufen. Längere Stillstandszeiten sowie ein häufiges Hoch- bzw. Herunterfahren der Turbine wirken sich zum einen negativ auf die Lebensdauer der Turbine aus, da die Materialbelastung insbesondere beim Hoch- und Herunterfahren besonders hoch ist, zum anderen bedingen längere Stillstandszeiten, beispielsweise durch Wartungsarbeiten, hohe Kosten bzw. Einnahmenausfall. Um einerseits also die Materialbelastung und andererseits die Kosten so gering wie möglich zu halten, ist man bestrebt, die Strömungsmaschinen im Dauerbetrieb einzusetzen. Selbstverständlich lässt sich ein temporäres Stilllegen der Strömungsmaschine aufgrund von durchzuführenden Wartungsarbeiten nicht vermeiden, wobei jedoch diese Stillstandszeiten so kurz wie möglich sein sollten.Turbomachines, such as gas turbines, are now widely used in power plant engineering, and particularly economically, when running continuously. Longer downtimes and frequent startup or shutdown of the turbine have a negative effect on the service life of the turbine, since the material load is particularly high during startup and shutdown, on the other hand require longer downtime, for example by maintenance, high costs or Revenue loss. On the one hand so as to keep the material load and on the other hand, the costs as low as possible, it is anxious to use the turbomachinery in continuous operation. Of course, a temporary shutdown of the turbomachine due to maintenance to be performed can not be avoided, but these downtime should be as short as possible.

Auf die Länge der Stillstandszeiten hat insbesondere Einfluss, wie wartungsfreundlich die Strömungsmaschine aufgebaut ist, das heißt, wie einfach und schnell sie gewartet werden kann. Dabei verlängern komplizierte und aufwändige Konstruktionen die Stillstandszeit und verteuern die Wartung.On the length of downtime in particular affects how easy maintenance the turbomachine is built, that is, how easy and fast it can be maintained. At the same time, complicated and time-consuming designs extend downtime and make maintenance more expensive.

Der Druckschrift DE-198 21 889-A offenbart eine kostensparende Vorrichtung und ein entsprechendes Verfahren für Wartungsarbeiten im Innengehäuse einer mehrschaligen Turbomaschine.The publication DE-198 21 889-A discloses a cost-saving device and a corresponding method for maintenance work in the inner housing of a multi-shell turbomachine.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Hier setzt die Erfindung an. Die Erfindung, wie sie in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet ist, beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem, für eine Strömungsmaschine der eingangs erwähnten Art eine Ausführungsform anzugeben, die sich durch eine hohe Wartungsfreundlichkeit, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Brennkammerkomponenten, auszeichnet und damit erheblich reduzierte Stillstandszeiten und in deren Folge reduzierte Wartungskosten ermöglicht.This is where the invention starts. The invention, as characterized in the claims, deals with the problem of specifying for a turbomachine of the type mentioned an embodiment which is characterized by a high ease of maintenance, in particular with regard to the combustion chamber components, and thus significantly reduced downtime and as a result reduced maintenance costs.

Dieses Problem wird durch die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This problem is solved by the subject matters of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, eine Strömungsmaschine mit einer Brennkammer konstruktiv so aufzubauen, dass im Wartungsfalle auf deren Komponenten einfach und schnell zugegriffen werden kann zum Zwecke der Besichtigung, der Wartung, des Aus- oder des Wiedereinbaus der Komponenten. Hierzu ist am Gehäuse zumindest im Bereich der Brennkammer eine verschließbare Wartungsöffnung vorgesehen, welche einfach und schnell zu öffnen ist und in geöffnetem Zustand einen Zugang zu einem Außenträger, einem Innenträger und einer Frontplatte freigibt. Der Außenträger, der Innenträger und die Frontplatte begrenzen zusammen die Brennkammer und sind dadurch hohen Temperaturen ausgesetzt. Diese Temperaturbelastung wiederum bedingt eine intervallmäßige Wartung, bei der die Funktionstüchtigkeit der genannten Teile überprüft wird und die Teile ggf. erneuert oder ausgetauscht werden. Der Außenträger, der Innenträger und die Frontplatte sind als ringförmige Schalenelemente ausgebildet, die jeweils eine untere Halbschale und eine damit verbindbare obere Halbschale aufweisen. Um den Außenträger, den Innenträger und die Frontplatte einfach und passgenau montieren zu können, weisen diese axial wirkende Verbindungskonturen auf, welche ein einfaches und schnelles Lösen bzw. Verbinden der genannten Teile durch Verschieben in axialer Richtung erlauben. Durch die Aufteilung der ringförmigen Schalenelemente in jeweils eine untere und eine damit verbindbare obere Halbschale lassen sich die Halbschalen durch die z.B. an der Oberseite angebrachte Wartungsöffnung montieren und demontieren, wodurch der Wartungsaufwand erheblich gesenkt werden kann.The invention is based on the general idea constructively construct a turbomachine with a combustion chamber so that in the case of maintenance on the components can be easily and quickly accessed for the purpose of viewing, maintenance, the replacement or replacement of the components. For this purpose, a closable maintenance opening is provided on the housing at least in the region of the combustion chamber, which can be opened easily and quickly and, in the opened state, gives access to an outer support, an inner support and a front panel. The outer support, the inner support and the front panel together limit the combustion chamber and are thus exposed to high temperatures. These Temperature load in turn requires an interval maintenance, in which the functioning of said parts is checked and the parts may be renewed or replaced. The outer support, the inner support and the front panel are formed as annular shell elements, each having a lower half-shell and an upper half-shell connectable therewith. In order to mount the outer support, the inner support and the front panel easy and accurate, these have axially acting connection contours, which allow a simple and quick release or connection of the said parts by moving in the axial direction. By dividing the annular shell elements in each case a lower and thus connectable upper half-shell, the half-shells can be assembled and disassembled by the example mounted on the top maintenance opening, whereby the maintenance can be significantly reduced.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung ist zumindest eine der Verbindungskonturen als axial offene Umfangsnut oder als mit dieser Umfangsnut zusammenwirkende Umfangsfeder ausgebildet. Die so erzielte Nut- und Federwirkung erleichtert einerseits das Auseinanderbauen bzw. das Zusammenbauen der Strömungsmaschine und gewährleistet andererseits ein passgenaues Aneinanderfügen der die Brennkammer begrenzenden Schalenelemente. Darüber hinaus sind auch andere Verbindungskonturen, insbesondere in Form von komplementär zueinander ausgebildeten Vorsprüngen bzw. Ausnehmungen denkbar, welche ebenfalls die eben genannten Vorteile bieten.In a preferred embodiment of the solution according to the invention, at least one of the connecting contours is designed as an axially open circumferential groove or as a peripheral spring interacting with this circumferential groove. The tongue and groove effect achieved on the one hand facilitates the disassembly or assembling of the turbomachine and on the other hand ensures a precisely fitting joining of the combustion chamber delimiting shell elements. In addition, other connecting contours, in particular in the form of mutually complementary projections or recesses conceivable, which also offer the advantages just mentioned.

Vorzugsweise sind die oberen Halbschalen so ausgebildet, dass sie zur Demontage bezüglich eines Rotors der Strömungsmaschine axial verschiebbar und anschließend radial abnehmbar sind. Zur Demontage der oberen Halbschalen ist somit ein Lösen derselben von der entsprechenden unteren Halbschale bzw. von einem Gehäuse erforderlich, woraufhin die oberen Halbschalen axial verschoben und somit die Verbindungskonturen voneinander gelöst werden können. Nach dem Lösen der axialen Verbindungskonturen können die oberen Halbschalen, beispielsweise mittels eines Hebewerkzeuges, radial bezüglich des Rotors abgenommen werden. Die Montage der oberen Halbschalen erfolgt dabei in umgekehrter Reihenfolge, so dass diese zunächst radial an den Rotor angenähert werden und vor Erreichen ihrer endgültigen Einbauposition parallel zum Rotor derart verschoben werden, dass die Verbindungskonturen formschlüssig ineinander greifen bzw. aneinander anliegen. Hierdurch wird ein einfaches Abbauen der oberen Halbschale ermöglicht, was insbesondere Wartungsarbeiten erleichtert.Preferably, the upper half shells are formed so that they are axially displaceable for disassembly with respect to a rotor of the turbomachine and then radially removable. For disassembly of the upper half shells thus releasing the same from the corresponding lower half-shell or from a housing is required, whereupon the upper Half shells axially displaced and thus the connection contours can be detached from each other. After loosening the axial connection contours, the upper half shells, for example by means of a lifting tool, can be removed radially with respect to the rotor. The assembly of the upper half shells takes place in the reverse order, so that they are initially approximated radially to the rotor and are moved parallel to the rotor before reaching their final installation position such that the connecting contours engage one another positively or rest against each other. As a result, a simple dismantling of the upper half-shell is made possible, which facilitates in particular maintenance.

Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung sind die unteren Halbschalen so ausgebildet, dass sie zu ihrer Demontage mittels eines Hilfswerkzeugs, welches drehfest mit dem Rotor verbindbar ist, axial verschiebbar und um die Rotorachse bzw. mit dem Rotor nach oben verdrehbar sind. Nach der Demontage der oberen Halbschale ist der Zugang zur unteren Halbschale frei, woraufhin besagtes Hilfswerkzeug einerseits drehfest mit dem Rotor und andererseits fest mit der unteren Halbschale verbunden werden kann. Nach dem Lösen von etwa vorhandenen Verbindungsmitteln, mit welchen die untere Halbschale am Gehäuse und/oder an einer anderen unteren Halbschale befestigt ist, kann die untere Halbschale z.B. mittels zweier beweglich am Hilfswerkzeug angeordneter Schlitten parallel zum Rotor und damit aus der Verbindungskontur heraus verschoben werden. Nach dem Verschieben kann die untere Halbschale mit dem Rotor um ca. 180° nach oben gedreht werden und dann einfach mit einem Hebewerkzeug, beispielsweise einem Kran, abgenommen werden. Durch nochmaliges Drehen der Rotorachse um 180° kann auch das Hilfswerkzeug wiederum nach oben gedreht werden und nach dem Lösen der Verbindungsmittel zwischen Hilfswerkzeug und Rotor von letzterem abgenommen werden. Die erwähnten Halbschalen können dabei Halbschalen der Frontplatte, des Außenträgers oder des Innenträgers sein. Ingesamt wird dadurch der Montage- bzw. Demontageprozess der beiden Halbschalen stark vereinfacht.In a further advantageous embodiment of the solution according to the invention, the lower half-shells are designed so that they are axially displaceable for their disassembly by means of an auxiliary tool, which is rotatably connected to the rotor, and rotatable about the rotor axis or with the rotor upwards. After disassembly of the upper half-shell access to the lower half-shell is free, whereupon said auxiliary tool on the one hand rotatably connected to the rotor and on the other hand firmly connected to the lower half-shell. After loosening any existing connection means with which the lower half shell is attached to the housing and / or another lower half shell, the lower half shell can be moved for example by means of two movably arranged on the auxiliary tool carriage parallel to the rotor and thus out of the connection contour. After moving the lower half-shell with the rotor can be rotated by about 180 ° upwards and then easily with a lifting tool, such as a crane, removed. By turning the rotor axis again by 180 °, the auxiliary tool can be turned upwards again and removed after loosening the connecting means between the auxiliary tool and the rotor of the latter. The half shells mentioned can be half shells of the front panel, the outdoor wearer or be the interior carrier. Overall, this greatly simplifies the assembly and disassembly process of the two half-shells.

Weitere wichtige Merkmale und Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Strömungsmaschine ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, aus den Zeichnungen und aus der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen.Other important features and advantages of the turbomachine according to the invention will become apparent from the subclaims, from the drawings and from the associated description of the figures with reference to the drawings.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert, wobei sich gleiche Bezugszeichen auf gleiche oder ähnliche oder funktional gleiche Komponenten beziehen.Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail in the following description, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar or functionally identical components.

Es zeigen, jeweils stark schematisiert,

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt durch eine Brennkammer,
Fig. 2
eine Axialansicht auf eine Strömungsmaschine bei geschlossenem Gehäuse,
Fig. 3
eine Darstellung wie in Fig. 2, jedoch bei geöffnetem Gehäuse im Bereich der Brennkammer und sichtbarer oberer Halbschale des Außenträgers,
Fig. 4
eine Darstellung wie in Fig. 3, jedoch bei entfernter oberer Halbschale des Außenträgers und am Rotor angeordnetem Hilfswerkzeug,
Fig. 5
eine Darstellung wie in Fig. 4, jedoch bei leicht verdrehtem Rotor,
Fig. 6
eine Darstellung wie in Fig. 4, jedoch bei um 180° gedrehten Rotor.
It shows, each highly schematized,
Fig. 1
a cross section through a combustion chamber,
Fig. 2
an axial view of a turbomachine with the housing closed,
Fig. 3
a representation like in Fig. 2 but with the housing open in the area of the combustion chamber and visible upper half shell of the outer support,
Fig. 4
a representation like in Fig. 3 but with the upper half shell of the outer support removed and the auxiliary tool arranged on the rotor,
Fig. 5
a representation like in Fig. 4 , but with a slightly twisted rotor,
Fig. 6
a representation like in Fig. 4 , but with rotor rotated by 180 °.

Entsprechend Fig. 1 weist eine Brennkammer 1 einer im übrigen nicht dargestellten Strömungsmaschine 2 einen Außenträger 3, eine Frontplatte 4 sowie einen Innenträger 5 auf. Sowohl der Außenträger 3 als auch die Frontplatte 4 und der Innenträger 5 sind zur Brennkammer 1 hin mit einer hitzebeständigen Beschichtung 6 versehen und begrenzen die Brennkammer 1. In den mit Kreisen markierten Bereichen sind der Außenträger 3, der Innenträger 5 und die Frontplatte 4 im montierten Zustand über axial voneinander lösbare Verbindungskonturen 7 bzw. 7' miteinander und/oder mit einem Gehäuse 8 verbunden. Die Verbindungskonturen 7 sind durch Kreise symbolisiert und können dabei beispielsweise als axial offene Umfangsnuten 9 und als mit dieser Umfangsnut 9 zusammenwirkende Umfangsfeder 10 ausgebildet sein. Axial bedeutet parallel zu einem Rotor 11. Neben einer Ausbildung der einen Verbindungskonturen 7 als Nuten und Federn ist auch denkbar, dass die anderen Verbindungskonturen 7, z.B. als Stufe 12 ausgebildet sind. Alle Verbindungskonturen 7 haben dabei gemein, dass sie eine axiale Verbindungsmöglichkeit zwischen dem Außenträger 3, dem Innenträger 5 und der Frontplatte 4 bzw. dem Gehäuse 8 schaffen.Corresponding Fig. 1 has a combustion chamber 1 of a turbomachine 2, not shown otherwise an external support 3, a front panel 4 and an inner support 5 on. Both the outer support 3 and the front plate 4 and the inner support 5 are provided to the combustion chamber 1 out with a heat-resistant coating 6 and limit the combustion chamber 1. In the marked areas with circles of the outer support 3, the inner support 5 and the front panel 4 in mounted Condition via axially releasable connection contours 7 and 7 'with each other and / or connected to a housing 8. The connecting contours 7 are symbolized by circles and can be formed, for example, as axially open circumferential grooves 9 and as cooperating with this peripheral groove 9 circumferential spring 10. Axial means parallel to a rotor 11. In addition to a formation of a connecting contours 7 as grooves and springs is also conceivable that the other connecting contours 7, for example, as a step 12 are formed. All connecting contours 7 have in common that they provide an axial connection between the outer support 3, the inner support 5 and the front panel 4 and the housing 8.

Sowohl der Außenträger 3, als auch der Innenträger 5 und die Frontplatte 4 sind erfindungsgemäß als ringförmige Schalenelemente 13 ausgebildet, welche jeweils eine untere Halbschale 14 und eine damit verbindbare obere Halbschale 15 aufweisen (vergleiche Fig. 2 bis 6). Die oberen Halbschalen 15 sind dabei so ausgebildet, dass sie zur Demontage bezüglich des Rotors 11 der Strömungsmaschine 2 axial verschiebbar und anschließend radial abnehmbar sind. Demgegenüber sind die unteren Halbschalen 14 so ausgebildet, dass sie zu ihrer Demontage mittels eines Hilfswerkzeugs 16 (vergleiche Fig. 4), welches drehfest mit dem Rotor 11 verbindbar ist, axial verschiebbar und mit dem Rotor 11 nach oben verdrehbar sind.Both the outer support 3, and the inner support 5 and the front plate 4 are inventively designed as annular shell elements 13, each having a lower half-shell 14 and an upper half-shell 15 connectable thereto (see Fig. 2 to 6 ). The upper half shells 15 are formed so that they are for disassembly with respect to the rotor 11 of Turbomachine 2 axially displaceable and then radially removable. In contrast, the lower half shells 14 are formed so that they for their disassembly by means of an auxiliary tool 16 (see Fig. 4 ), which is rotatably connected to the rotor 11, axially displaceable and rotatable with the rotor 11 upwards.

Im Folgenden soll anhand der Fig. 2 bis 6 ein Verfahren zur Demontage eines Elementes einer Strömungsmaschine 2 näher erläutert werden.The following is based on the Fig. 2 to 6 a method for disassembly of an element of a turbomachine 2 will be explained in more detail.

In Fig. 2 ist eine axiale Frontansicht auf eine Strömungsmaschine 2 gezeigt, welche umlaufend durch das Gehäuse 8 verschlossen ist. Zur Demontage des Außenträgers 3 wird zunächst gemäß Fig. 3 das Gehäuse 8 im Bereich der Brennkammer 1 geöffnet, so dass ein Zugang zum Außenträger 3 bzw. dessen oberer Halbschale 15 freigegeben wird. Die Rotorachse 11 bzw. der Rotor 11 steht in den Fig. 2 bis 6 senkrecht zur Bildebene. Nachdem der Zugang zum Außenträger 3 durch Entfernen einer oberen Gehäusehälfte 8' bzw. durch Öffnen einer nicht dargestellten verschließbaren Wartungsöffnung freigeben ist, kann die obere Halbschale 15 von der unteren Halbschale 14 gelöst werden, und axial, das heißt gemäß den Fig. 2 bis 6 aus der Bildebene heraus bzw. in die Bildebene hinein verschoben werden. Das axiale Verschieben bewirkt dabei ein Auseinanderfahren der Verbindungskonturen 7, welche die obere Halbschale 15 in radialer Richtung freigeben. Nach dieser Freigabe erfolgt ein Abnehmen in im wesentlichen radialer Richtung.In Fig. 2 is an axial front view of a turbomachine 2, which is circumferentially closed by the housing 8. For disassembly of the outer carrier 3 is first according to Fig. 3 the housing 8 is opened in the region of the combustion chamber 1, so that access to the outer support 3 or its upper half shell 15 is released. The rotor axis 11 and the rotor 11 is in the Fig. 2 to 6 perpendicular to the image plane. After the access to the outer support 3 is released by removing an upper half of the housing 8 'or by opening a closable maintenance opening, not shown, the upper half-shell 15 can be detached from the lower half-shell 14, and axially, that is according to Fig. 2 to 6 be moved out of the picture plane or into the picture plane. The axial displacement causes a moving apart of the connecting contours 7, which release the upper half-shell 15 in the radial direction. After this release takes place a decrease in a substantially radial direction.

In Fig. 4 ist die obere Halbschale 15 des Außenträgers 3 bereits abgenommen und ein Hilfswerkzeug 16 drehfest über entsprechende Verbindungsmittel 17 mit dem Rotor 11 der Strömungsmaschine 2 verbunden. Gleichzeitig wird das Hilfswerkzeug 16 über darin angeordnete axial verschiebbare Adapterschlitten 18 mit der unteren Halbschale 15 derart verbunden, dass diese axial, das heißt aus der Bildebene heraus bzw. in die Bildebene hinein, verschoben werden kann. Durch diese axiale Verschiebung der unteren Halbschale 14 erfolgt ein Lösen derselben aus den axialen Verbindungskonturen 7, welche in Fig. 1 dargestellt sind.In Fig. 4 the upper half-shell 15 of the outer support 3 is already removed and an auxiliary tool 16 rotatably connected via corresponding connecting means 17 to the rotor 11 of the turbomachine 2. At the same time, the auxiliary tool 16 is connected via axially displaceable adapter slides 18 arranged therein to the lower half-shell 15 in such a way that they are displaced axially, ie out of the image plane or into the image plane can. By this axial displacement of the lower half-shell 14, a release of the same takes place from the axial connecting contours 7, which in Fig. 1 are shown.

Im nächsten Demontageschritt erfolgt ein Verdrehen der unteren Halbschale 14 mit dem Rotor 11 um ca. 180°, bis die untere Halbschale 14 im wesentlichen die Position der entfernten oberen Halbschale 15 gemäß Fig. 3 einnimmt. Der Drehvorgang wird dabei in Fig. 5 dargestellt. Gemäß Fig. 6 ist der Drehvorgang abgeschlossen und die untere Halbschale 14 hat die Position der zuvor entfernten oberen Halbschale 15 eingenommen. Nun kann die nach oben verdrehte untere Halbschale 14 vom Hilfswerkzeug 16 gelöst werden und radial nach außen, beispielsweise durch ein Hebewerkzeug in Form eines Krans, abgenommen werden.In the next disassembly step, the lower half shell 14 is rotated with the rotor 11 by approximately 180 °, until the lower half shell 14 essentially follows the position of the removed upper half shell 15 in accordance with FIG Fig. 3 occupies. The turning process is in Fig. 5 shown. According to Fig. 6 the rotation is completed and the lower half-shell 14 has taken the position of the previously removed upper half-shell 15. Now, the upwardly twisted lower half-shell 14 can be released from the auxiliary tool 16 and radially outward, for example, by a lifting tool in the form of a crane, be removed.

Die erfindungsgemäße Strömungsmaschine 2 bzw. das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Demontieren des Außenträgers 3 und/oder des Innenträgers 5 bzw. der Frontplatte 4 weisen dabei mehrere grundlegende Vorteile auf. Das Gehäuse 8 muss im Bereich der Brennkammer 1 lediglich eine Wartungsöffnung aufweisen bzw. derart ausgebildet sein, dass ein oberes Gehäuseteil 8' abnehmbar ist. Hierdurch wird der Zugang zu den oberen Halbschalen 15 des Außenträgers 3, des Innenträgers 5 und der Frontplatte 4 freigebeben. Durch die Ausbildung eben genannter Elemente mit jeweils zwei Schalen, nämlich der unteren Halbschale 14 und der oberen Halbschale 15, kann ein stückweises Abnehmen der Halbschalen 14, 15 erfolgen. Die zunächst im unteren Gehäuseabschnitt 8" verbleibende untere Halbschale 14 kann durch Anordnen und drehfestes Verbinden des Hilfswerkzeugs 16 mit dem Rotor 11 nach oben verdreht werden und danach ebenfalls einfach mittels Hebewerkzeugen aus dem Gehäuse 8 entnommen werden. Durch die Ausbildung von Adapterschlitten 18 am Hilfswerkzeug 16, welche einfach und schnell mit der jeweiligen unteren Halbschale 14 des Außenträgers 3, der Frontplatte 4 und des Innenträgers 5 verbindbar sind, ist zusätzlich ein axiales Verschieben eben genannter Elemente und dadurch ein Lösen derselben aus deren Verbindungskonturen 7 problemlos möglich. Prinzipiell erfolgt dabei eine Demontage der Elemente der Strömungsmaschine 2 in der Reihenfolge Außenträger 3, Frontplatte 4 und Innenträger 5. Ein Entfernen einer unteren Gehäusehälfte 8" kann dabei ebenso entfallen wie das Entfernen des Rotors 11.The turbomachine 2 according to the invention or the method according to the invention for dismantling the outer carrier 3 and / or the inner carrier 5 or the front plate 4 have several fundamental advantages. The housing 8 must have only a maintenance opening in the region of the combustion chamber 1 or be designed such that an upper housing part 8 'can be removed. As a result, the access to the upper half-shells 15 of the outer support 3, the inner support 5 and the front panel 4 is freed. By forming just mentioned elements, each with two shells, namely the lower half shell 14 and the upper half shell 15, a piecewise removal of the half shells 14, 15 take place. The lower half shell 14, which initially remains in the lower housing section 8 ", can be turned upwards by arranging and connecting the auxiliary tool 16 to the rotor 11 in a rotationally fixed manner and then likewise removed from the housing 8 by means of lifting tools , which easily and quickly with the respective lower half-shell 14 of the outer support 3, the Front plate 4 and the inner support 5 are connectable, in addition, an axial displacement of just mentioned elements and thereby releasing them from their connection contours 7 is easily possible. In principle, a disassembly of the elements of the turbomachine 2 in the order outer carrier 3, front plate 4 and inner carrier 5. A removal of a lower housing half 8 "can be omitted as well as the removal of the rotor 11th

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Strömungsmaschine 2 bzw. das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren vereinfacht sich die Wartung, das heißt ein Auseinanderbauen bzw. Austauschen und Wiederzusammenbauen des Außenträgers 3, der Frontplatte 4 und des Innenträgers 5, erheblich, wodurch der Wartungsaufwand und damit auch die Wartungskosten sowie damit verbundene Stillstandszeiten der Strömungsmaschine 2 deutlich reduziert werden können.The inventive turbomachine 2 or the method according to the invention considerably simplifies maintenance, that is disassembly or replacement and reassembly of the outer support 3, the front panel 4 and the inner support 5, thereby reducing maintenance and thus also maintenance costs and associated downtimes the turbomachine 2 can be significantly reduced.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Brennkammercombustion chamber
22
Strömungsmaschineflow machine
33
Außenträgerbalconnet
44
Frontplattefront panel
55
Innenträgerinternal support
66
Beschichtung / hitzebeständige SchichtCoating / heat-resistant layer
7, 7'7, 7 '
Verbindungskonturconnection Silhouette
88th
Gehäusecasing
8'8th'
obere Gehäusehälfteupper half of the housing
8"8th"
untere Gehäusehälftelower half of the housing
99
Umfangsnutcircumferential groove
1010
Umfangsfedercircumferential spring
1111
Rotorrotor
11'11 '
Rotorachserotor axis
1212
als Stufe ausgebildete Verbindungskontur 7formed as a step connection contour 7
1313
Schalenelementshell element
1414
untere Halbschalelower half shell
1515
obere Halbschaleupper half shell
1616
Hilfswerkzeugauxiliary tool
1717
Verbindungsmittelconnecting means
1818
Adapterschlittenadapter sled

Claims (8)

  1. Turbomachine (2) with a combustion chamber (1), in particular a gas turbine,
    - having a casing (8) which has a closable maintenance opening at least in the region of the combustion chamber (1), which maintenance opening, in the open state, provides access to an outer support (3), an inner support (5) and a front plate (4), which together define the combustion chamber (1),
    - the outer support (3), the inner support (5) and the front plate (4) being designed as annular shell elements (13),
    - the shell elements (13) having a respective bottom half shell (14) and a respective top half shell (15) which can be connected thereto, characterized in that
    - the outer support (3), the inner support (5) and the front plate (4), in the assembled state, are connected to one another and/or to the casing (8) via connecting contours (7) which are axially releasable from one another.
  2. Turbomachine according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the connecting contours (7) is designed as an axially open circumferential groove (9) or as a circumferential tongue (10) interacting with this circumferential groove (9).
  3. Turbomachine according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the connecting contours (7) is designed as a step (12).
  4. Turbomachine according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the top half shells (15) are designed in such a way that, for dismantling, they can be displaced axially and then removed radially relative to a rotor (11) of the turbomachine (2).
  5. Turbomachine according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bottom half shells (14) are designed in such a way that, for their dismantling, they can be axially displaced and rotated upward about the rotor axis (11) by means of an auxiliary tool (16) which can be connected to the rotor (11) in a rotationally fixed manner.
  6. Turbomachine according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the inner support (5), the outer support (3) and the front plate (4) each carry a heat-resistant layer (6).
  7. Method of dismantling an element of a turbomachine (2), namely an outer support (3) and/or an inner support (5) and/or a front plate (4), in particular according to one of Claims 1 to 6, the respective element being designed as an annular shell element (13) consisting of a respective bottom half shell (14) and a respective top half shell (15) which can be connected thereto, comprising the following method steps:
    7.1 opening a casing (8) of the turbomachine (2) in the region of a combustion chamber (1),
    7.2 releasing the top half shell (15) from the bottom half shell (14),
    7.3 axial displacement of the top half shell (15) and subsequent removal of the same in essentially the radial direction,
    7.4 rotationally fixed connection of an auxiliary tool (16) to the rotor (11) of the turbomachine (2),
    7.5 connecting the auxiliary tool (16) to the bottom half shell (14) via axially displaceable adapter slides (18) arranged on said auxiliary tool (16),
    7.6 axial displacement of the bottom half shell (14) and thus release of the same from axial connecting contours (7),
    7.7 rotation of the bottom half shell (14) with the rotor (11) by approximately 180° until the bottom half shell (14) assumes essentially the position of the removed top half shell (15),
    7.8 release of the bottom half shell (14) rotated upward from the auxiliary tool (16) and removal of said bottom half shell (14).
  8. Method according to Claim 7, characterized in that the elements (14, 15) of the turbomachine (2) are dismantled in the sequence of outer support (3), front plate (4), inner support (5).
EP07100491.5A 2006-02-02 2007-01-12 Turbomachine Active EP1816401B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006004785A DE102006004785A1 (en) 2006-02-02 2006-02-02 flow machine

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EP1816401A3 EP1816401A3 (en) 2014-01-15
EP1816401B1 true EP1816401B1 (en) 2014-09-03

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DE (1) DE102006004785A1 (en)

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US8595930B2 (en) * 2010-03-24 2013-12-03 Dresser-Rand Company Press-fitting corrosion resistant liners in nozzles and casings
ITMI20101285A1 (en) * 2010-07-13 2012-01-14 Ansaldo Energia Spa METHOD AND TOOL FOR MAINTENANCE OF A GAS TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBER
US8834114B2 (en) 2011-09-29 2014-09-16 General Electric Company Turbine drum rotor retrofit
US9097123B2 (en) 2012-07-26 2015-08-04 General Electric Company Method and system for assembling and disassembling turbomachines
EP2706199B1 (en) 2012-09-10 2018-12-12 Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG Method and guide for removing an inner casing from a turbomachine
US9279342B2 (en) 2012-11-21 2016-03-08 General Electric Company Turbine casing with service wedge
US9260281B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2016-02-16 General Electric Company Lift efficiency improvement mechanism for turbine casing service wedge
CN112885759B (en) * 2021-01-14 2024-05-28 上海新昇半导体科技有限公司 Dismantling device and method for top connecting piece of round conveying box

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Publication number Publication date
EP1816401A2 (en) 2007-08-08
US7726022B2 (en) 2010-06-01
DE102006004785A1 (en) 2007-08-30
US20070175221A1 (en) 2007-08-02
EP1816401A3 (en) 2014-01-15

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