EP3280863B1 - Montagerahmendefinition einer gebäudeöffnung während bauarbeiten und kit in teilen mit solch einem montagerahmen - Google Patents

Montagerahmendefinition einer gebäudeöffnung während bauarbeiten und kit in teilen mit solch einem montagerahmen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3280863B1
EP3280863B1 EP16715328.7A EP16715328A EP3280863B1 EP 3280863 B1 EP3280863 B1 EP 3280863B1 EP 16715328 A EP16715328 A EP 16715328A EP 3280863 B1 EP3280863 B1 EP 3280863B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
construction
frame member
wall
construction frame
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EP16715328.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3280863A1 (de
Inventor
Magalie Munters
Hugo Crombez
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
    • E06B1/02—Base frames, i.e. template frames for openings in walls or the like, provided with means for securing a further rigidly-mounted frame; Special adaptations of frames to be fixed therein
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
    • E06B1/04—Frames for doors, windows, or the like to be fixed in openings
    • E06B1/26—Frames of plastics

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a lintel and a construction frame used as a lintel during construction works for defining an architectural opening.
  • the present invention particularly concerns a construction frame designed for receiving a building panel, such as a window or a door or a wall panel, therein.
  • the present invention concerns use of the construction frame as a lintel and as an appropriate total solution to nearly any issue concerning air- and watertightness, insulation properties and finishing as a result of apertures made in the building envelope.
  • the reason for the poor insulation/sealing properties in the zone is that architectural openings in carcass building are often oversized to fit in a window frame or door frame afterwards, whereby the remaining opening between the carcass and the window or door frame is filled with eg. PU foam that has a relative low insulation/sealing property.
  • a yet more advanced solution is described in eg. GB2250530 , GB2275061 , GB2341198 , EP2246512 and US2005072073 wherein a polymeric mounting frame is described to be installed during construction works and around which a wall is erected, thereby defining the architectural opening and covering the wall cavity and preventing water leaking into the wall cavity.
  • Such known mounting frames are pre-assembled and define the architectural opening very precisely, matching the dimensions of a window or door to be installed therein, such that no opening remains between the window and the frame. As such a good insulation of the zone between the window or door and carcass can be achieved and guaranteed.
  • these mounting frames do not provide solutions to typical problems of solid construction with cavity walls.
  • Such typical problems include; the bearing of the outer cavity leaf, the mounting of glass surfaces or windows protruding the bearing cavity leaf, the mounting of stone sills bridging widening cavities, the bearing of the inner cavity leaf and eventually a part of the floor or the roof, the application as a permanent formwork for casting concrete lintels or floors, or even as an autonomous structural building component.
  • the present invention addresses this need and concerns a construction frame providing high structural bearing properties -thereby avoiding post operations such as anchoring window frames directly into the carcass-, high insulation/sealing properties, making the need for insulation tapes redundant, and is easy to install during construction works.
  • the construction frame is manufactured in a particulate reinforced polymeric material preferably having a lambda value of maximum 2 W/mK, preferably maximum 1 W/mK, most preferably maximum 0,4 W/mK.
  • the polymeric material is chosen from the group comprising: polyethylene, polypropylene, polyoxymethylene, polyester, polyvinylchloride, acrylonitrile-butadieen-styreen, polysulfon, polymethylmethacrylaat, polylactic acid or admixtures thereof
  • the fibre material material is preferably chosen from the group comprising; glass fibres, carbon fibres, basalt fibres, aramid fibres, lignin fibres, cellulose fibres, polyester fibres like for example vectran or admixtures thereof.
  • the mounting frame comprises upstanding posts and horizontally extending posts.
  • the upstanding posts and horizontally extending posts of the mounting frame (in its position intended for use) can be manufactured from identical materials or material compositions or from different materials or material compositions.
  • the dimensions of the mounting frame are preferably such that the width (dimension perpendicular to the plane of the central aperture) is at least 5cm, preferably at least 15 cm, more preferably at least 25 cm, most preferably at least 35 cm.
  • through holes, dowels and/or connectors are provided in the second wall of each frame member for improving anchoring of the mounting frame in the carcass.
  • a moisture and/or vapor barrier seal is provided on the opposed surface of said frame members.
  • the base walls of the frame members preferably comprise a slanting edge at at least one of its longitudinal edges, which edges can be used as plaster edge beads during later finishing works.
  • Figure 1 shows a construction or mounting frame 1 comprising elongated frame members (or posts) 2, 2' defining a central aperture 3, each frame member having an L- or T-shaped cross section with a base wall 4 having a surface 4' facing the central aperture and an opposed surface 4" from which a second wall 5 protrudes.
  • a series of through holes 6 and/or dowels and/or connectors is provided in this second wall.
  • the frame members 2, 2' are manufactured in a fibre reinforced polymeric material.
  • At least one of said frame members (and preferably all of the frame members) having a maximum longitudinal deflection ratio of 1/250 and preferably 1/500 when a load of 1 kN/m, preferably 2kN/m, more preferably 4k/m, most preferably 5kN/m directed perpendicular on said frame member and parallel to the plane of the central aperture is applied thereon (cf. Fig. 23 ).
  • each of said frame members when taken individually have a E-modulus, perpendicular to the plane defined by the base wall 4, of at least 5 GPa, preferably at least 7 GPa, most preferably at least 15 GPa.
  • the polymeric material is chosen from the group comprising: polyethylene, polypropylene, polyoxymethylene, polyester, polyvinylchloride acrylonitrile-butadieen-styreen, polysulfon, polymethylmethacrylaat, polylactic acid or admixtures thereof, whereas the fibre material is preferably chosen from the group comprising; glass fibres, carbon fibres, basalt fibres, aramid fibres, lignin fibres, cellulose fibres, polyester fibres like for example vectran or admixtures thereof.
  • the fibres can be in the form of a web extending in the longitudinal direction of the frame members 2, 2' or in the form of continuous strands, potentially intertwined and generally extending in the longitudinal direction of the frame members 2, 2'.
  • the fibres can be uni- or multidirectional, in the form of strands, yarns, rovings, weavings, strand mats, ... They also can be knitted, braided, stitched, ...
  • the fibre reinforced polymeric material preferably has a lambda value of at maximum 2W/mK, more preferably maximum 1W/mK and most preferably maximum 0,4W/mK.
  • the construction frame comprises upstanding posts 2 and horizontally extending posts 2'.
  • the upstanding posts and horizontally extending posts of the construction frame (in its position intended for use) can be manufactured from identical materials or material compositions or from different materials or material compositions.
  • the frame members 4 are preferably manufactured by pultrusion and subsequently assembled into the construction frame having the desired and predetermined dimensions. Assembly of the construction frame is preferably performed in a controlled area allowing precise control of the dimensions and high quality links between the different frame members resulting in a structurally rigid frame (form stable) with a high load bearing capacity.
  • the thickness T2 of the base wall 4 is preferably smaller than 3 cm, more preferably smaller than 2 cm, most preferably smaller than 1 cm, whereas the thickness T1 of the second wall 5 is preferably smaller than 3 cm, more preferably smaller than 2 cm, most preferably smaller than 1 cm.
  • the base wall is chosen to have a width matching the width of the wall wherein it is intended to be applied, such that each of the frame members acts as a cavity closer, thereby allowing providing the functionality of cavity closer and reducing, if not making totally redundant, the need for using insulation tapes to prevent water ingress in the wall cavity.
  • the second wall on the other hand is made with an appropriate height and thickness of the second wall are chosen such as to make the members sufficiently stiff in accordance with the intended function. As illustrated in figure 12 , increasing the thickness and/or height of the second wall increases the stiffness of the concerned frame member. Alternatively, or in combination with varying the thickness and height of the second wall, side fins 14 can be provided between the base wall and second wall as represented in figure 13 , thereby further increasing the stiffness of the concerned frame member.
  • Figures 14, 15 and 16 show some alternative cross sections from a frame member to be used in a construction frame according to the present invention, whereby thickness variations in the base wall or second wall can either by achieved by pultruding the frame member is a specific cross section in a single material or material composition ( Fig. 14 and 15 ) or can be achieved by gluing extra material slabs on a extruded or pultruded frame member ( Fig. 15 and 16 ).
  • the frame members can be extruded or pultruded in a wide variety of materials such as stainless metal or fibre reinforced plastic materials and the add-on slabs, which are preferably glued to the frame members by a structural glue can be made of rovings, woven mats or extruded or pultruded slabs in either a same material composition as the frame members or in a different material composition.
  • Figure 17 schematically illustrates three alternatives of fixing the individual frame members to one another to create the construction frame.
  • the fixation between two adjacent frame members is achieved by gluing a L-shaped profile over the end portions of two adjacent frame members, whilst in figure 17B , two adjacent frame members both have a reduced thickness at their end portions and a solid L-shaped corner piece at fixed to both end portions, thereby defining and securing a corner of the construction frame.
  • the base wall of the frame members is manufactured as a hollow profile, whereby a corner piece is provided having an L-shape with at each leg a portion inserted in the hollow chamber of the concerned frame member profile.
  • a frame member with a T-shaped cross section comprises two profiles with a L-shaped cross section positioned next to one another such that one of their legs extend along one another in the longitudinal direction to define the second wall of the frame member, whereas the second legs extend in direction opposite one another to define the base wall of the T-shaped frame member.
  • Both L-shaped profiles (in metal of a fibre reinforced polymer) are preferably encased in a hollow enveloping profile (preferably in a polymeric material).
  • an insulation panel and/or reinforcing panel can be inserted between both legs of the L-shaped profiles defining the second wall of the T-shaped member.
  • Such construction allows using metal frame members with an insulating insert, thereby allowing the frame members have a thermal transmittance (U-value) of maximally 2 W/m 2 K, preferably maximally 1 W/m 2 K, more preferably maximally 0,4 W/m 2 K in a direction perpendicular to the central aperture.
  • FIG 19 yet another alternative embodiment of a frame member is shown, wherein second wall is executed as a hollow profile that can be filled with an insulating and/or reinforcing material slab.
  • the frame members are manufactured in a fibre reinforced polymeric material, taking full advantage of its material properties, on the basis of its specific geometry, as a function of realizing the least possible thermal transmittance.
  • FIGs 3 - 9 schematically illustrate the use of a construction frame during wall construction.
  • an inner wall 7 is erected using masonry, although any other known construction material could be used, leaving open an architectural opening.
  • a construction frame 1 according to the invention is provided in said architectural opening and secured to the inner wall 7 by means of bolts or screws applied in through the through holes 6 into the inner wall.
  • the frame can be used for architectural opening expanding over the entire height of a building store (ground to ceiling) allowing maximal flexibility in architectural design.
  • the construction frame is positioned in place and the remainder of the inner wall 7 is built around the construction frame while systematically fixing the construction frame to the erected inner wall. It is also possible to mount the frame in an existing aperture of an already existing wall and or by making a new aperture in an existing wall .(eg. renovation)
  • the construction frame is preferably part of the formwork before casting the concrete in the formwork such that the desired architectural opening is defined upon casting and that the concrete closely fits the outer surface 4" of the construction frame.
  • fixation of the construction frame to the inner wall 7 can be achieved by screws or bolts applied through the through holes 6 in the construction frame, however glue, mortar or other adhesives can be applied or the flange or second wall 5 can be positioned such that it becomes embedded in concrete during casting of the inner wall.
  • the through holes 6 are not mandatory.
  • the wall is further erected to a level above the construction frame, whereby the construction frame may have a supporting function for carrying part of the wall above the construction frame.
  • the wall part above the construction frame comprises a second architectural opening 20 for a second (vertical) window, while a second floor ceiling defines a third architectural opening 30 for providing a ceiling window or light street.
  • construction frames 21 and 31 according to the invention are provided in both the second and third architectural openings 20 and 30.
  • the wall under construction is further completed by applying layer 8 of insulation material 8 to the wall, such EPS, XPS panes around the construction frame 1 on the first building floor or by panes of insulation material such as closed cell PU panes, rock wool or the like around the construction frame 21 in the second architectural opening.
  • layer 8 of insulation material 8 to the wall, such EPS, XPS panes around the construction frame 1 on the first building floor or by panes of insulation material such as closed cell PU panes, rock wool or the like around the construction frame 21 in the second architectural opening.
  • the layer 8 of insulation material is subsequently covered ( Figure 8 ) by a finish such as decorative plaster 9 for the construction frame 1 on the first building floor or an outer wall 29 of, in this case, bricks, for the construction frame 21 on the second building floor, whereby both the insulation layer as the decorative outer wall are applied around the base wall 4 of the construction frame and closely fit to the outer surface 4" of said base wall.
  • the depth of the construction frame here defined by the width of the base wall 4 preferably matches the thickness of the wall wherein it is intended to be applied.
  • the base wall 4 of the mounting can act as a cavity closer closing protecting the space between inner and outer walls 7, 9.
  • Appropriate widths of the construction frame therefore start from 5 cm and are preferably even 15cm or 25cm or 35cm or more.
  • the construction frame is intended to be used in a wall whereon decorative plaster is to be applied on the inner wall and/or outer wall
  • the construction frame is provided with base walls 4 having slanting edges on its longitudinal sides that will function as plaster edge beads and render the edges of the construction frame nearly or entirely invisible after application of the plaster.
  • said slanting edges are provided with keying elements such as a roughened surface or a primer improving adherence of plaster to the slanting edge.
  • a window is installed in the construction frame, thereby finishing the wall.
  • the window is installed in the construction frame by first providing a profile mounting bead 10 on the inner surface 4' of the base wall 4 of the construction frame.
  • This mounting bead 10 can be fixed by for example gluing and/or screwing and allows subsequent insertion of a window or door frame with window or door pane in the construction frame.
  • the profile mounting bead 10 in this case comprises 4 elongated profiles fixed on the base walls 4 of each of the construction frame's members 2 to define a continuous abutment surface against which a window/door frame can be slided in the construction frame.
  • the window/door frame can subsequently be fastened by a profile applied or fixed to the construction frame base wall 4 such that the window/door frame is clamped between the profile mounting bead 10 and the additional profile 11 as schematically represented in figure 11 .
  • the additional profile is executed as a sill, such as a window sill or door sill on the bottom edge of the window or door and as a decorative or ventilation panel on the other edges of the window or door.
  • the window/door frame is clamped between the profile mounting bead 10 and the additional profile 11, other means of fastening such as clipping or gluing can be applied equally, moreover the profile mounting bead can be made part of the construction frame by extruding, pultruding or co-extruding it simultaneously. Due to the structural strength of the construction frame, the position of the window/door can be varied along the width of the inner surface 4' of the construction frame, while the construction frame provides sufficient support for the window/door even when subject to heavy wind loads.
  • Figure 20 to 22 illustrate different options for clamping a window/door frame in a construction frame of the present invention.
  • the clamping is achieved by a L-shaped mounting bead glued or screwed to the base wall of each of the frame members of the construction frame, whereby a first construction bead portion acts as a receiving zone for the window/door frame or glass panel and a second (upright) portion acts as a glass-bracket.
  • a second glass-bracket is clipsed to the bead portion defining the receiving zone of the mounting bead.
  • the second glass-bracket is made of a L-shaped profile glued or screwed on the construction frame, whereas in figure 22 , both glass-brackets are L-shaped profiles glued or screwed on the construction frame which also acts as glass pane or window profile receiving zone.
  • Figure 11 shows an alternative construction frame, wherein the construction frame is manufactured as a sandwich panel of two layers 12 with for example a fibre reinforced polymeric material 13 there between.
  • the construction frame is used as a lintel.
  • the lintel comprises:
  • the frame members can in this case be chosen from one of the above described embodiments (cf. Figures 2 and 13 to 19 ), whereby the first frame member spanning (the top of) the architectural opening is dimensioned longer than the second (lower) frame member and larger than the distance between both (upright) support frame members to effectively ensure support for the construction material on top of the first frame member.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Door And Window Frames Mounted To Openings (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Verwendung eines Montagerahmens, der längliche Rahmenglieder umfasst, die eine zentrale Öffnung definieren, wobei jedes Rahmenglied einen L- oder T-förmigen Querschnitt mit einer Grundwand aufweist, die eine Oberfläche aufweist, die zur zentralen Öffnung hin gerichtet ist, und eine gegenüberliegende Oberfläche, aus der eine zweite Wand hervorsteht, wobei die Rahmenglieder aus einem faserverstärkten Polymermaterial oder Metall und/oder einer Kombination aus Metall- und Polymermaterial gefertigt sind, wobei mindestens eines der Rahmenglieder ein maximales Biegungsverhältnis von 1/250 und vorzugsweise von 1/500 aufweisen, wenn eine Last von 1kN/m senkrecht auf das Rahmenglied gerichtet und parallel zur Ebene der zentralen Öffnung darauf, als Sturz, angewendet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rahmen umfasst:
    - ein erstes Rahmenglied, das dazu bestimmt ist, eine architektonische Öffnung zu überspannen;
    - ein zweites Rahmenglied, dass sich parallel zu, und in einem Abstand zum ersten Rahmenglied erstreckt;
    - mindestens zwei aufrechte Stützrahmenglieder, die sich senkrecht zu ersten und zweiten Rahmengliedern erstrecken, und das erste und zweite Rahmenglied verbinden, wodurch der Rahmen definiert wird;
    wobei das erste Rahmenglied länger als das zweite Rahmenglied bemessen ist, und breiter als der Abstand zwischen beiden Stützrahmengliedern ist.
  2. Sturz, umfassend:
    - ein erstes Rahmenglied, das dazu bestimmt ist, eine architektonische Öffnung zu überspannen;
    - ein zweites Rahmenglied, das sich parallel zu, und in einem Abstand zum ersten Rahmenglied erstreckt;
    - mindestens zwei aufrechte Stützrahmenglieder, die sich senkrecht zu ersten und zweiten Rahmengliedern erstrecken, und das erste und zweite Rahmenglied verbinden, wodurch ein Rahmen definiert wird;
    wobei jedes Rahmenglied einen L- oder T-förmigen Querschnitt mit einer Grundwand aufweist, die eine Oberfläche aufweist, die zur zentralen Öffnung hin gerichtet ist, und eine gegenüberliegende Oberfläche, aus der eine zweite Wand hervorsteht, wobei die Rahmenglieder aus einem faserverstärkten Polymermaterial oder Metall und/oder einer Kombination aus Metall- und Polymermaterial gefertigt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Rahmenglied länger als das zweite Rahmenglied bemessen ist, und breiter als der Abstand zwischen beiden Stützrahmengliedern ist; und dadurch, dass mindestens das erste Rahmenglied ein maximales Biegungsverhältnis von 1/250 und vorzugsweise 1/500 aufweist, wenn eine Last von 1 kN/m senkrecht auf das Rahmenglied gerichtet, und parallel zur Ebene der zentralen Öffnung darauf angewendet wird.
EP16715328.7A 2015-04-08 2016-04-08 Montagerahmendefinition einer gebäudeöffnung während bauarbeiten und kit in teilen mit solch einem montagerahmen Active EP3280863B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15162862.5A EP3078797A1 (de) 2015-04-08 2015-04-08 Montagerahmendefinition einer gebäudeöffnung während bauarbeiten und kit in teilen mit solch einem montagerahmen
PCT/EP2016/057863 WO2016162548A1 (en) 2015-04-08 2016-04-08 Construction frame defining an architectural opening during construction works; kit in parts comprising such construction frame and use of such construction frame

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3280863A1 EP3280863A1 (de) 2018-02-14
EP3280863B1 true EP3280863B1 (de) 2022-06-08

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15162862.5A Withdrawn EP3078797A1 (de) 2015-04-08 2015-04-08 Montagerahmendefinition einer gebäudeöffnung während bauarbeiten und kit in teilen mit solch einem montagerahmen
EP16715328.7A Active EP3280863B1 (de) 2015-04-08 2016-04-08 Montagerahmendefinition einer gebäudeöffnung während bauarbeiten und kit in teilen mit solch einem montagerahmen

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15162862.5A Withdrawn EP3078797A1 (de) 2015-04-08 2015-04-08 Montagerahmendefinition einer gebäudeöffnung während bauarbeiten und kit in teilen mit solch einem montagerahmen

Country Status (3)

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EP (2) EP3078797A1 (de)
BE (1) BE1023515B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2016162548A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190063146A1 (en) * 2017-08-25 2019-02-28 Guardian Glass, LLC Modular window assemblies and methods of installation and modification
CN110905342B (zh) * 2019-12-04 2021-03-02 南通科硕海洋装备科技有限公司 门附框内加强结构和门
NL2028875B1 (nl) * 2021-07-29 2023-02-08 Innodeen B V Kozijndeel en samenstel van dit kozijndeel met een ander kozijndeel

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2250530B (en) 1990-10-17 1994-08-24 Kayplan Windows Ltd Improvements in fixing frames for windows,doors and the like
GB2275061B (en) 1992-08-26 1996-02-14 Thomas John Wood Mounting frame and arrangement
GB2341198B (en) 1999-09-02 2000-08-09 Mumford & Wood Ltd Window frame with a cavity wall closure
US7165364B2 (en) * 2003-10-02 2007-01-23 Inelli John D Window sleeve for mounting framed windows
US8584410B2 (en) * 2009-04-23 2013-11-19 Milgard Manufacturing Incorporated Fixed frame window or door system

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Publication number Publication date
BE1023515A1 (nl) 2017-04-12
EP3280863A1 (de) 2018-02-14
EP3078797A1 (de) 2016-10-12
BE1023515B1 (nl) 2017-04-12
WO2016162548A1 (en) 2016-10-13

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