EP3279603B1 - Electromagnetic mobile active system - Google Patents

Description

Various embodiments generally relate to an electromagnetic mobile impact system for placement in a missile having a detonation-driven magnetic field compressor.

Modern weapons and reconnaissance and communication systems and related platforms are increasingly using highly integrated electrical and electronic components. For this purpose, the concept of an All-Electric Ships, which in addition to power distribution systems via electronic sensors (such as surveillance and fire control radars), communication equipment and electric drives and will have future weapons systems such as high-energy lasers and rail guns. A current example is the new American destroyers of the Zumwalt class. The same applies to stationary land-based systems such as radar systems, command and control systems (C2 systems) and anti-aircraft positions. A special feature is the highly mobile T-14 Armata main battle tanks, which are currently being developed in Russia and which, in addition to passive and reactive protection, can also feature modern active protection systems.

Hard-kill-based active protection systems such as AFGANIT use radar systems with multiple active phase grating antennas installed on the tower that can detect and track multiple targets simultaneously. Weapons such as multi-EFP active charges and a 12.7 mm rapid-fire cannon are integrated via the command and control system. In addition, further sensor systems for the detection of oncoming threats and for weather data and communication devices can come. In addition, other electro-optical Protective systems such as SHTORA-1 with laser sensors, sensors for the detection of the radiation of the control channel of antitank missiles and infrared lights be integrated.

This results in a broad field of application for electromagnetic active systems. The high packing density of today's electronic systems also significantly increases the sensitivity to electromagnetic attacks compared to previous analog circuits.

Conventional electrical systems based on high-performance Marx generators for continuous operation, for example, allow the temporary disruption of electronic components in comparatively small distances of a few meters. The main disadvantage of such systems is that the field strengths generated are too small to permanently destroy, for example, sensors and electronic components. This is even more true for hardened electronics. They are also not suitable, for example, for mobile shipments with missiles or UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), because, for example, the space required for power generation is too large.

Although explosive-based systems using magnetic field compression generate an electromagnetic pulse with the help of explosive charges, they have the disadvantage that a practicable military use is not possible.

The DE 195 28 112 C1 describes a non-lethal ammunition with a MHD generator as an energy source, a detonation charge, a coaxially disposed within this coaxial coil and a directional antenna.

The DE 199 16 952 A1 describes an active body with an enveloping body in the interior of a piezoelectric crystal and an axially adjacent to this detonator is arranged. The detonator has an explosive and an explosive accelerated by the explosives Activation mass for the deformation of the piezoelectric crystal. The piezoelectric crystal is connected via electrodes to a discharge circuit. The discharge circuit has a series connection of capacitances and inductances, wherein the inductance is realized in the form of a coil which surrounds the detonator and is arranged radially spaced therefrom. Furthermore, antennas for directional radiation may be present.

On this basis, it is an object of the invention to provide an active system which improves the disadvantages mentioned.

This object is achieved with a device having the features of claim 1 and a method according to claim 13. Exemplary embodiments are presented in the dependent claims. It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the devices also apply to embodiments of the method and arrangement of the device and vice versa.

The invention relates to an electromagnetic mobile operating system for accommodation in a missile with a detonation-driven magnetic field compressor. The magnetic field compressor has at least one stator coil. Furthermore, the magnetic field compressor has at least one fitting shell. The fitting shell is at least partially surrounded by the stator coil and radially spaced therefrom. The magnetic field compressor further has at least one explosive charge. The explosive charge is embedded in the fitting shell. More specifically, the explosive charge is at least largely surrounded by the fitting shell. The magnetic field compressor has at least one power source. To activate the detonation of the explosive charge is further provided a trigger system. The trigger system can be controlled by a current pulse from the current source as a function of a distance signal supplied by the missile. Due to the detonation, a high electrical energy can be generated in the stator coil. For directional radiation by the detonation of the explosive charge generated electrical energy, the active system on at least one directional antenna.

The stator coil and the valve cover, as a stator, form an electromagnetic generator or compressor. Through a current source, a magnetic field is built up in the stator coil.

The invention is based on the idea that the detonation of the explosive charge causes a magnetic field change in the stator coil, thereby indicating high electrical energy in the coil. This high electrical energy is emitted via the directional antenna directed to a target. The detonation takes place in response to a distance signal which is provided to the active system by, for example, a distance sensor of the missile in which the active system is installed. By accommodating the active system in a mobile missile and the distance effect, military use is only sensibly possible.

The dimensions, volumes, masses and energy requirements of the device are preferably such that the device is suitable for mobile transport with missiles, UAVs or similar mobile systems on land or underwater. Due to a sufficient miniaturization of all components of the electromagnetic active system in terms of space, mass and energy requirements, integration into mobile systems is only possible.

Due to the 1 / R ² law, omnidirectional radiation of the electromagnetic waves with increasing distances leads to drastically reduced power at the target. By means of, for example, corresponding antennas systems for focusing by directivity can lead to a significant increase in interference or Wirkentfernung. Here, for example, either the missile / UAV itself and / or the directional antenna to align the target. Among other things, electromagnetic systems offer the advantage in an urban environment, in the maritime coastal area and / or in port facilities where the use of traditional conventional weapon systems can be associated with major collateral damage to uninvolved civilians, vehicles and buildings. On the other hand, the effect of directed electromagnetic activity systems is primarily directed against electrical and electronic components, so that depending on the concept used, one can speak of non-lethal or low-lethal systems.

According to the invention, the stator coil has a high ductility. Due to a high ductility, the mechanical integrity of the stator coil during the detonation of the explosive charge and the subsequent expansion can be maintained as long as possible.

The radial distance of the fitting shell to the stator coil has the advantage of allowing a sufficient expansion of the stator coil as a result of the detonative conversion, so that a current in the coil can be induced as long as possible via the magnetic field change. The coil should remain intact for as long as possible (here in the microsecond range).

According to a preferred embodiment of the device, the stator coil has at least one winding. The stator coil has, for example, copper or another material which has a high electrical conductivity.

Alternatively, the stator coil and / or the armature sheath may comprise copper, gold, aluminum or comparable materials, or an alloy with one or more of the aforementioned materials. This has the advantage that the ductility of the stator coil is very high and the current conduction between the stator coil and the valve housing during the detonation can be maintained as long as possible.

According to a preferred embodiment, the fitting shell, for example, depressions, notches or the like, through which a controlled disassembly of the fitting shell is possible. According to a preferred embodiment, the fitting shell and / or the stator coil may be surrounded by inert, non-metallic materials such as plastics such as PVC, PTFE or others, and / or composites such as CFRP, GFRP or others. This has the advantage that the collateral damage area can be controlled by fragmentation, for example, and thus also reduced.

According to a preferred embodiment, the stator coil has a single-layer or multi-layer winding. The spacing of the windings of the stator coil preferably increases at least partially in the direction of the active system front. With the action system front, the current in the stator coil increases starting from the location of the initiation of the detonation, so that the stator coil preferably has a higher winding density with the direction of the active system front. By a heterogeneous structure of the stator coil, for example, over-ignition can be prevented.

According to a preferred embodiment, the current source comprises a Marx generator, capacitor banks, a dielectric generator and / or a ferroelectric generator. Preferably, the power source is a high-performance, pulsed power source that provides the initial magnetic flux density to the stator coil.

According to a preferred embodiment, the explosive charge has a detonator. Preferably, the explosive charge comprises an explosive mixture based on RDX (1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane), HMX (1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane), CL-20 (2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaza-isovurtzitane), TKX-50 (5,50-bistetrazole-1,10-diolate ), FOX-7 (1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene), TATB (triaminotrinitrobenzene), PETN (nitropenta or pentaerythrityl tetranitrate) and / or TNT (trinitrotoluene or 2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene ) or comparable explosives preferably having a high detonation rate.

According to a preferred embodiment, the active system has at least one switching device. The switching device is preferably set up to forward the electrical energy generated by the detonation in the stator coil to the directional antenna.

Furthermore, the active system according to a preferred embodiment, a cascade circuit and triggering for the targeted generation of a target-adapted waveform.

According to a preferred embodiment, the directional antenna serves to increase the distance effect, which radiates the power generated by the magnetic field compressor concentrated by electromagnetic waves against a target located at a distance. The electrical power released by the explosive in a short time is preferably delivered in corresponding pulses. For this purpose, a corresponding switching device or power electronics is advantageous, which can convert a short-time and high current pulse.

According to a preferred embodiment, the distance signal supplied by the missile is triggered as a function of a predetermined distance of the active system to the destination. By triggering the detonation at a predetermined distance from the target, the electromagnetic effect can be optimally utilized in accordance with the target to be combated. Depending on the nature of the target, the choice of spacing may extend the effect of a momentary disturbance of the electrical system to near complete destruction.

According to a preferred embodiment, the distance between the active system and the target, in which the active system is the detonation of the explosive charge, between 5 and 100 meters. Preferably, the distance is at least 5 to 100 meters, preferably at least 10 meters and, more preferably at least 30 meters. Depending on the target to be tackled, the maximum distance may be over 100 meters. This depends on the amount of explosive charge used and the type of target to be controlled. At a distance of detonation between 5 and 100 meters, for example, the sensors of modern active protection systems can be destroyed or at least effectively damaged, for example, to blind a modern weapon system such as a main battle tank. This is preferably done outside the control removal of modern active protection systems. With, for example, a subsequent volley shot by an anti-tank missile or multi-role missile can then be overcome, for example, modern reactive protection systems and passive armor protection.

According to a preferred embodiment, the active system has at least one application device. The application device is preferably configured to deliver the electromagnetic pulse generated by the detonation by direct contact or spark strike directly or over distances of, for example, up to 5 meters into a target. For example, the application device may have one or more coiled electrically conductive wire coil which are connected at one end to the active system and at the other end, for example, have an arrowhead. Shortly before the target, the arrowheads are fired at the target and provide an electrical connection to the active system via the electrically conductive wire. This has the advantage that, for example, escalation tactics can be realized in times of increasing political and military tensions by varying the effective distance to the target.

According to a preferred embodiment, the explosive charge is arranged in the form of a shaped charge. Alternatively and / or additionally, the explosive charge has means for generating a blast effect and / or fragmentation effect. This has the advantage that the overall performance of the active system can be increased.

According to a preferred embodiment, the active system has an electrically insulated sheath. The shell preferably has a magnetized and / or magnetizable material. This has the advantage that the magnetic flux in the system and thus the overall performance of the active system can be increased.

Furthermore, an active system arrangement is specified that has at least two previously described active systems. The effects of the at least two active systems are preferably simultaneously available for a cumulative effect. Further preferably, the at least two active systems are timed shortly after one another for a multiple effect.

Cascading and corresponding triggering makes it possible, for example, to adapt the waveform to the region susceptible to the sensor. For example, escalation tactics can be realized in times of increasing political and military tensions by the cumulative effects of multiple electromagnetic energy charges. The cascading of multiple generators therefore has the advantage, for example, of significantly increasing both the potential effective range and enabling the setting of an application-specific electromagnetic waveform.

Furthermore, a missile having at least one previously described active system or a previously described active system arrangement is specified.

Furthermore, a method for scalability of a generated electromagnetic effect in the target is specified. The method comprises the step of generating an electromagnetic effect by detonating at least one explosive charge in a previously described active system. Furthermore, the method comprises the step of triggering one or more explosive charges at the same time or at short intervals in succession. The detonation is preferably triggered as a function of a predetermined distance of the active system from the target. The amount of at least one charged charge is preferably preselected depending on the target to be hit.

According to the invention, a volley shot is subsequently carried out by means of at least one antitank missile and / or multi-role missile. With, for example, an anti-tank missile or multi-role missile can then be overcome, for example, modern reactive protection systems and passive armor protection.

FIG. 1

eine erste Ausführungsform des elektromagnetischen Wirksystems zeigt;

FIG. 2

eine weitere detailliertere Ausführungsform des elektromagnetischen Wirksystems zeigt;

Fig. 3

schematisch die Einwirkung einer Ausführungsform des elektromagnetischen Wirksystems auf ein Ziel zeigt;

FIG. 4

schematisch einen Wirkungsplot des Schadensbereichs eines elektromagnetischen Wirksystems zeigt; und

Fig. 5

schematisch ein Ablaufdiagramm eines Verfahrens zur Skalierbarkeit einer erzeugten elektromagnetischen Wirkung im Ziel zeigt.

In the drawings, like reference characters generally refer to the same parts throughout the several views. The drawings are not necessarily to scale; Instead, value is generally placed upon the illustration of the principles of the invention. In the following description, various embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the following drawings, in which:

FIG. 1

shows a first embodiment of the electromagnetic active system;

FIG. 2

shows a more detailed embodiment of the electromagnetic active system;

Fig. 3

schematically shows the action of an embodiment of the electromagnetic system on a target;

FIG. 4

schematically shows an action plot of the damage area of an electromagnetic active system; and

Fig. 5

schematically shows a flowchart of a method for scalability of a generated electromagnetic effect in the target.

The following detailed description makes reference to the accompanying drawings which, for purposes of illustration, show specific details and embodiments in which the invention may be practiced.

The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, case or illustration". Any embodiment or embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or embodiments.

In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. It should be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that the features of the various exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined with each other unless specifically stated otherwise. The following detailed description is therefore not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

As used herein, the terms "connected," "connected," and "coupled" are used to describe both direct and indirect connection, direct or indirect connection, and direct or indirect coupling. In the figures, identical or similar elements are provided with identical reference numerals, as appropriate.

In the methods described herein, the steps may be performed in almost any order without departing from the principles of the invention unless a temporal or functional sequence is expressly set forth. When it is stated in a claim that one step is performed first and then several other steps are performed sequentially, it is to be understood that the first step is performed before all other steps but the other steps are performed in any suitable order unless a sequence is set forth in the other steps. Parts of claims in which, for example, "Step A, Step B, Step C, Step D and Step E" are listed are to be understood so that Step A is executed first, Step E is executed last, and Steps B, C and D can be performed in any order between steps A and E, and that the sequence falls within the formulated scope of the claimed method. Furthermore, specified steps may be performed concurrently unless expressly stated in the claim that they are to be performed separately. For example, a step for performing X in the claim and a step for performing Y in the claim may be performed simultaneously within a single operation, and the resulting process falls within the formulated scope of the claimed method.

In FIG. 1 A first embodiment of the electromagnetic active system 100 is shown. The active system 100 includes a detonation-driven magnetic field compressor 101. Of the Magnetic field compressor 101 has a stator coil 102 and a fitting shell 103 in the illustrated embodiment. The fitting shell 103 is surrounded in the illustrated embodiment of the stator coil 102 and radially spaced therefrom. According to one embodiment, not shown, one or more stator coils also surround the fitting shell only partially. In the fitting shell 103 an explosive charge 104 is embedded. The stator coil 102 is electrically connected to a power source 105. In order to detonate the explosive charge 104, a triggering system 106 is provided, wherein the triggering system 106 can be controlled by a current pulse from the current source 105 as a function of a signal supplied by the missile (not shown). By the detonation of the explosive charge 104, a high electrical energy is generated in the stator coil 102. More specifically, the detonation of the explosive charge 104 causes a rapid change in the magnetic field built up in the stator coil 102 by the current source 105. In the illustrated embodiment, the active system 100 has a directional antenna 107 for the directed radiation of the electrical energy generated by the detonation of the explosive charge 104. In FIG. 2 another more detailed embodiment of an electromagnetic activity system 200 is shown. The active system 200 includes a detonation-driven magnetic field compressor 201. The magnetic field compressor 201 has a fitting shell 203 filled with an explosive charge 204, which is surrounded by a stator coil 202. The magnetic field compressor 201 is coupled to a current source 205, for example a capacitor bank, through which a magnetic field can be induced in the stator coil 202. The magnetic field compressor 201 is further connected to a triggering system 206. In response to a predetermined signal, the explosive charge 204 is initiated via the trigger system 206. The trigger system 206 may include, for example, a delay function. The initiation of the magnetic field in the stator coil 204 can also be controlled via the trigger system 206, for example. The detonation of the explosive charge 204 causes a change in the stator coil 202 established magnetic field causes the sudden generation of a large amount of electrical energy. This energy is conducted via a switching device 208, for example by a corresponding power electronics, to a transmitter 209, for this purpose, the stator coil 202 is electrically connected to the switching device 208 and the transmitter 209 is electrically coupled to the switching device. The transmitter 209 generates electromagnetic radiation emitted by the directional antenna 207 to a target.

In FIG. 3 FIG. 3 schematically shows the action 300 of an embodiment of the electromagnetic active system 301 on a target 302. The active system 301 is housed in a missile 303 in the illustrated embodiment. The active system 301 has a detonation-driven magnetic field compressor 304, which emits an electromagnetic radiation 306 to the target 302 to be controlled when a detonating charge is detonated via a directional antenna 305 in the missile 303. The detonation of the explosive charge takes place at a predetermined distance D of the missile 303 to the target 302.

In an embodiment of the active system, not shown, at least two or more previously described active systems may be provided, wherein the effects of the active systems are simultaneously available for a cumulative effect or timed in quick succession for a multiple effect. Here, individual components, such as the power source, the switching device, the trigger system and the directional antenna can also be provided in common for multiple active systems. For example, two or more active systems may have a common current source through which the magnetic field is induced in the stator coil. For example, the trigger system can be set up to ignite several explosive charges simultaneously or in quick succession. In this case, for example, in the case of a plurality of explosive charges, some explosive charges can be ignited at the same time and further explosive charges can be fired one after the other in chronological succession.

In an embodiment of the active system, not shown, for example, an application device can be provided, which is set up to emit the electromagnetic pulse generated by the detonation directly or over distances of up to 5 meters into the target D by conducting contact or sparking.

A detonation-powered magnetic field compressor 304 with about 8 kg of high-energy explosive, for example, is suitable for applications with about 12 to 18 kg of active material mass to combat specific sensors. A detonation-driven magnetic field compressor 304 with about 50 kg of high-energy explosive in cascade connection, for example, is suitable for applications with up to about 120 kg active mass.

The aim is, for example, to combat demanding targets with complex sensor systems whose electronics are destroyed or at least temporarily disturbed by the electromagnetic radiation generated during the detonation of the explosive charge 306. The effects of the active systems are simultaneously retrievable for a cumulative effect or ignited in quick succession for a multiple effect.

In FIG. 4 schematically shows an action plot 400 of the damage area of an electromagnetic active system. In this case, the distance of the active system to the target to be combatted is shown on the X-axis. The extent of the damage area is shown schematically on the Y-axis. In a target 1 401, the detonation of the explosive charge is initiated at a short distance from the target. At the target 2 402, the detonation of the explosive charge is initiated at a comparatively large distance.

For Objective 1 401 and Objective 2 402, different destruction limits were assumed (for example, the larger ellipse of damage area 2 404 with 50% and the smaller ellipse of damage area 1 403 with 100% damage probability). As an effect criteria can be used in addition to, for example, a physical destruction of the electronic components and electrical failure due to short circuits or a pure interference due to interference due to the interference.

In FIG. 5 schematically shows a flowchart 500 of a method for scaling a generated electromagnetic effect in the target.

The method for scaling a generated electromagnetic activity in the target comprises the step of generating an electromagnetic effect by detonating at least one explosive charge in an active system according to any one of the preceding claims 501. The method further comprises the step of initiating one or more explosive charges simultaneously or simultaneously short time interval one behind the other 502. The detonation is triggered in response to a predetermined distance of the active system from the target. The amount of at least one charged explosive charge is preselected depending on the target to be achieved.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to particular embodiments, it should be understood by those familiar with the art that numerous changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. as defined by the appended claims, to depart. The scope of the invention is thus determined by the appended claims, and it is therefore intended that all modifications, which fall under the literal meaning of the claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100, 200, 301

active system

101, 201, 304

magnetic compressor

102, 202

stator

103, 203

fitting shell

104, 204

explosive charge

105, 205

power source

106, 206

trigger system

107, 207, 305

directional antenna

208

switching device

209

transmitter

300

arrangement

302

aim

303

missile

306

electromagnetic radiation

400

Wirkungsplot

401

Objective 1

402

Objective 2

403

Damage area 1

404

Damage area 2

500

flow chart

501, 502

steps

D

distance

Claims (13)

1. Electromagnetic movable effector system (100) for accommodation in a missile comprising a detonation-operated magnetic field compressor (101) having:

   at least one stator coil (102);

   at least one armature sleeve (103), the armature sleeve (103) being enclosed at least in part by the stator coil (102) and spaced apart radially therefrom; and

   at least one explosive charge (104), the explosive charge (104) being embedded in the armature sleeve (103);

   at least one power source (105) to which the stator coil (102) is electrically connected;

   a trigger system (106) for detonating the explosive charge (104), the trigger system (106) being controllable by a current pulse from the power source (105) independently of a distance signal supplied by the missile;

   the detonation being capable of generating a high electric power in the stator coil (102);

   the stator coil (102) having a high ductility, so as to maintain the mechanical integrity of the stator coil (102) for as long as possible during the detonation of the explosive charge (104) and the subsequent expansion; and

   at least one directional antenna (107) for directed radiation of the electric power generated by the detonation of the explosive charge (104).
2. Effector system according to claim 1, wherein the stator coil (102) has at least one winding, and wherein the stator coil (102) comprises copper, gold, aluminium or another material which has high electric conductivity and mechanical properties so as to maintain the passage of current between the stator coil (102) and the armature sleeve (103) for as long as possible during the detonation; and/or
   wherein the armature sleeve (103) has depressions, notches or the like for controlled breakup of the armature sleeve.
3. Effector system according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the stator coil (102) has a single-layer or multilayer winding and wherein the distance of the windings of the stator coil (102) increases in at least some cases towards the effector system front.
4. Effector system according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the power source (105) comprises a Marx generator, capacitor banks, a dielectric generator and/or a ferroelectric generator.
5. Effector system according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the explosive charge (104) has a detonator and an explosive material mixture based on HMX, TKX-50, CL-20, RDX, FOX-7, TATB, PETN and/or TNT having a rapid rate of detonation.
6. Effector system according to any of the preceding claims, having at least one switching device (208) which is set up to pass on the electrical power generated in the stator coil (202) by the detonation to the directional antenna (207).
7. Effector system according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the distance signal is triggered as a function of a predetermined distance (D) of the effector system (301) from the target (302) .
8. Effector system according to claim 7, wherein the distance (D) between the effector system (301) and the target (302) is between 5 and 100 metres.
9. Effector system according to any of the preceding claims, having at least one application means which is set up to emit the electromagnetic pulse generated by the detonation into a target (D) through conductive contact or spark discharge, directly or over distance of up to 5 metres.
10. Effector system according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the explosive charge (104) is arranged in the form of a hollow charge and/or has means for generating a blast effect and/or splitter effect; and/or
    having an electrically insulated sleeve, the sleeve having a magnetised and/or magnetisable material.
11. Effector system arrangement, having at least two effector systems according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the effects of the at least two effector systems can be called on simultaneously for a cumulative effect or can be ignited in rapid temporal succession for a multiple effect.
12. Missile (303) having at least one effector system (301) or one effector system arrangement according to any of the preceding claims.
13. Method (400) for scalability of a generated electromagnetic effect in the target, having the steps of:

    generating an electromagnetic effect by detonating at least one explosive charge in an effector system according to any of the preceding claims (401); and

    triggering one or more explosive charges simultaneously or in succession at a short time interval (402);

    wherein the detonation is triggered as a function of a predetermined distance of the effector from the target;

    wherein the amount of the at least one explosive charge used is preselected as a function of the target to be struck; and

    wherein subsequently a salvo shot is performed using at least one anti-tank missile and/or multi-role missile.

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