EP4028715B1 - Underwater vehicle comprising two shaped charges arranged behind one another - Google Patents

Underwater vehicle comprising two shaped charges arranged behind one another Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4028715B1
EP4028715B1 EP20768544.7A EP20768544A EP4028715B1 EP 4028715 B1 EP4028715 B1 EP 4028715B1 EP 20768544 A EP20768544 A EP 20768544A EP 4028715 B1 EP4028715 B1 EP 4028715B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaped charge
watercraft
charge
shaped
effective direction
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EP20768544.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP4028715C0 (en
EP4028715A1 (en
Inventor
Christian HÜCKING
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ThyssenKrupp AG
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
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ThyssenKrupp AG
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
    • F42B12/18—Hollow charges in tandem arrangement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G7/00—Mine-sweeping; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63G7/02—Mine-sweeping means, Means for destroying mines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B19/00—Marine torpedoes, e.g. launched by surface vessels or submarines; Sea mines having self-propulsion means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G7/00—Mine-sweeping; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63G2007/005—Unmanned autonomously operating mine sweeping vessels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a watercraft with a shaped charge.
  • Such watercraft are regularly used to clear objects, especially mines, such as in the FR2779514 A1 described.
  • a mine is usually cleared by the explosives inside the mine being detonated by a charge from the outside.
  • a shaped charge is usually used for this purpose. It is important here, however, that the explosives used in a mine itself can be difficult to ignite and only the actual detonator contains highly explosive material. It is therefore necessary to achieve a high energy input into the explosives of the mine in a volume. For this reason, shaped charges are usually used to detonate the explosives in a mine.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a watercraft with which a mine can be safely cleared whose shell surrounding the explosive is not directly accessible.
  • the watercraft according to the invention with a first hollow charge has a second hollow charge, which is arranged behind the first hollow charge in the direction of action of the first hollow charge, the direction of action of the first hollow charge and the direction of action of the second hollow charge running towards a common target point.
  • the direction of action of the first hollow charge and the direction of action of the second hollow charge preferably run along a common line in the direction of the target point, ie they are coaxial.
  • the aim and effect of this arrangement is that initially the first shaped charge is ignited.
  • the first hollow charge is arranged in front of the second hollow charge. This generates a plasma lance, which causes the water placed between the watercraft and a mine to be vaporized. If necessary, this first plasma lance of the first shaped charge penetrates a first obstacle, for example a first wall of a double-walled mine, an ammunition box or the like.
  • the second shaped charge is ignited shortly thereafter, before the bubble created by the evaporation collapses again.
  • the second plasma lance created by the ignition of the second shaped charge can now reach the mine with considerably less weakening.
  • the second hollow charge can be designed and/or arranged in such a way that the second plasma lance is particularly narrow and therefore particularly fast. Under water, this would be particularly weakened at a greater distance, but this is prevented by the first plasma lance. Thus, the energy introduced into the mine can be maximized and the clearing success can be ensured.
  • At least one of the two shaped charges is movably arranged.
  • the first hollow charge and the second hollow charge are movably arranged, the distance between the first hollow charge and the second hollow charge being constant. Due to the mobility, an adjustment to a variable distance between watercraft and mine is possible.
  • the distance between the first shaped charge and the second shaped charge is selected to be large enough for the second plasma lance to be as focused and narrow as possible. Increasing the distance would therefore no longer have a positive effect. A shortening would lead to the fact that the focusing decreases and thus the energy input into the mine may be weakened.
  • the watercraft also has a distance sensor and evaluation and control electronics.
  • the distance sensor is designed to detect the distance between the watercraft and an object arranged in front of the watercraft.
  • the plasma lance must bridge this distance. It is therefore necessary to be able to determine this distance in order to be able to adjust the shaped charges accordingly in order to achieve an optimal effect.
  • the evaluation and control electronics are designed to process the distance between the watercraft and the object arranged in front of the watercraft, which is detected by the distance sensor.
  • the evaluation and control electronics are designed to move at least one of the two shaped charges as a function of the detected distance.
  • at least one of the two shaped charges is moved by the evaluation and control electronics with the aid of a motor which is controlled by the evaluation and control electronics and at least one of the two shaped charges, preferably both shaped charges together, moves.
  • the distance often cannot be set to a predetermined value under water, for example due to obstacles or currents, so it has proven advantageous to determine the actual distance and then adjust the position of at least one of the two shaped charges to the distance.
  • the direction of action of the first hollow charge and the direction of action of the second hollow charge run parallel.
  • the direction of action of the first hollow charge and the direction of action of the second hollow charge are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the watercraft. This enables a slim design.
  • a first gas space is arranged between the first hollow charge and the hull of the watercraft and a second gas space is arranged between the first hollow charge and the second hollow charge.
  • the length of the first gas space in the direction of action of the first hollow charge is less than the length of the second gas space in the direction of action of the second hollow charge.
  • the direction of action of the first hollow charge and the direction of action of the second hollow charge are not arranged parallel to one another.
  • the first gas space which is arranged upstream of the first hollow charge in the direction of action, should be chosen so short that the resulting plasma lance is wide enough for the direction of action of the second hollow charge to be within the opening angle of the plasma lance of the first hollow charge.
  • Advantages of this embodiment are, on the one hand, that the second hollow charge does not have to penetrate the rear wall of the first hollow charge and is therefore not weakened, and on the other hand a shorter design can be realized.
  • the disadvantage is that the first shaped charge generates a comparatively wide plasma lance and therefore has to evaporate a comparatively larger amount of water. Penetration can also be more difficult with a double-walled mine.
  • the first hollow charge has a first igniter and the second hollow charge has a second igniter.
  • the first igniter and the second igniter are connected to an igniter.
  • the ignition device has a delay device, the delay device causing the second igniter to be ignited later in time.
  • the delay device is also considered part of the igniter when the delay device forms part of the connection between the central core of the igniter and the second igniter.
  • the connection between the center core of the igniter and the second igniter may be longer than the connection between the center core of the igniter and the first igniter.
  • the first gas chamber arranged in front of the first hollow charge is shorter in the effective direction of the first hollow charge than the second gas chamber arranged in front of the second hollow charge in the effective direction of the second shaped charge. This ensures that the plasma lance of the first hollow charge is less focused than the plasma lance of the second hollow charge.
  • the watercraft 10 is shown in a schematic cross section.
  • the watercraft 10 has a battery 50, a motor 60 and a propeller 70 for propulsion.
  • the watercraft 10 can also have multiple motors 60 and propellers 70 .
  • a first hollow charge 21 and a second hollow charge 22 are arranged in the watercraft 10 and are aligned with the direction of action in the longitudinal direction of the watercraft and in the direction of travel of the watercraft 10 . It can be seen that the first gas space located between the first hollow charge 21 and the shell 40 is shorter than the second gas space, which is arranged between the second hollow charge 22 and the first hollow charge 21 . As a result, the second plasma jet of the second plasma charge 22 is more focused.
  • the watercraft 10 has an ignition device 100 for igniting the first hollow charge 21 and the second hollow charge 22 .
  • the ignition device 100 is arranged such that the central core of the ignition device 100 has a longer connection to the second shaped charge 22 than to the connection to the first shaped charge 21, so that the connection from the central core of the ignition device to the second shaped charge 22 functions as a delay device.
  • the watercraft 10 has a sonar 90 to determine the distance from the watercraft 10 to a mine.
  • This in 2 Watercraft 10 shown also has a threaded rod 30 with which the first hollow charge 21 and the second hollow charge 22 can be moved together. As a result, the widening of the plasma jet of the first hollow charge 21 can be changed. Due to the constant distance between the first hollow charge 21 and the second hollow charge 22, however, the shape of the second plasma jet remains unchanged.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Wasserfahrzeug mit einer Hohlladung. Solche Wasserfahrzeuge werden regelmäßig zur Räumung von Objekten, insbesondere Minen, eingesetzt, wie zum Beispiel in der FR2779514 A1 beschrieben.The invention relates to a watercraft with a shaped charge. Such watercraft are regularly used to clear objects, especially mines, such as in the FR2779514 A1 described.

Das Räumen einer Mine erfolgt üblicherweise dadurch, dass der innerhalb der Mine vorhandene Sprengstoff durch eine Ladung von außen gezündet wird. Üblicherweise wird hierfür eine Hohlladung verwendet. Wichtig hierbei ist jedoch, dass der in einer Mine verwendete Sprengstoff selber schwer zündbar sein kann und lediglich der eigentliche Zünder hochexplosives Material enthält. Es ist daher notwendig in ein Volumen einen hohen Energieeintrag in den Sprengstoff der Mine zu erreichen. Aus diesem Grund werden üblicherweise Hohlladungen zur Zündung des Sprengstoffs in einer Mine eingesetzt.A mine is usually cleared by the explosives inside the mine being detonated by a charge from the outside. A shaped charge is usually used for this purpose. It is important here, however, that the explosives used in a mine itself can be difficult to ignite and only the actual detonator contains highly explosive material. It is therefore necessary to achieve a high energy input into the explosives of the mine in a volume. For this reason, shaped charges are usually used to detonate the explosives in a mine.

In maritimer Umgebung ist es aufgrund der Anordnungen im dreidimensionalen Raum sowie innerhalb des Elementbereichs und weiterer in der Umgebung vorhandener Körper nicht in jedem Fall möglich, sich der Mine frei zu nähern. Hierdurch ist der Abstand zwischen dem zur Minenräumung verwendeten Wasserfahrzeug und der Mine einsatzabhängig. Hieraus ergibt sich das Problem, dass eine optimale Energieeinbringung in den Sprengstoff der Mine nicht in jedem Fall möglich ist, da Wasser und andere Sperrschichten, zum Beispiel die Hülle der Mine, eine abschwächende Wirkung auf die Wirkung der Hohlladung haben.In a maritime environment, it is not always possible to approach the mine freely due to the arrangements in three-dimensional space and within the element area and other bodies present in the environment. As a result, the distance between the watercraft used for mine clearance and the mine is operation-dependent. This gives rise to the problem that optimal energy input into the explosive of the mine is not always possible, since water and other barrier layers, for example the shell of the mine, have a weakening effect on the action of the shaped charge.

Es ist beim Räumen einer Mine unbedingt notwendig zu wissen, ob das Objekt, welches gesprengt werden sollte, sicher entschärft wurde. Die zuverlässigste und schnellste Möglichkeit dies sicherzustellen ist die Mine bei der Räumung zu zünden. Die Parameter beim Räumen sollten daher so sein, dass vorhandener Sprengstoff sicher und zuverlässig zur Zündung gebracht wird.It is essential when clearing a mine to know if the object to be detonated has been safely disarmed. The most reliable and quickest way to ensure this is to detonate the mine during clearance. The parameters during clearance should therefore be such that existing explosives are safely and reliably detonated.

Zusätzlich kann es vorkommen, dass die Mine nicht nur durch eine Hülle geschützt ist. Beispielsweise wurden nach dem zweiten Weltkrieg große Mengen Munition in Nordsee und Ostsee verklappt. Diese befinden sich teilweise in Behältnissen, wie Boxen, Kisten oder Käfigen. Weiter gibt es Minen, welche eine zweite Hülle und zwischen den Hüllen eine Wasserschicht aufweisen. In diesen Fällen kommt es zur Abschwächung des Plasmastrahls durch die Wasserschicht zwischen dem ersten Hindernis und der zweiten Hülle.In addition, it can happen that the mine is not only protected by a shell. For example, after the Second World War, large quantities of ammunition were dumped in the North Sea and Baltic Sea. Some of these are in containers such as boxes and crates or cages. There are also mines that have a second shell and a layer of water between the shells. In these cases, the plasma jet is weakened by the water layer between the first obstacle and the second shell.

Aus der DE 24 60 303 A1 ist ein kombiniertes Geschoss mit mehreren in Geschosslängsachse hintereinander angeordneten Hohlladungen zur Bekämpfung von Unterwasserfahrzeugen bekannt.From the DE 24 60 303 A1 a combined projectile with a plurality of shaped charges arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal axis of the projectile is known for combating underwater vehicles.

Aus der DE 35 40 021 A1 ist ein Geschoss mit einer Hauptladung und einer Zusatzladung bekannt.From the DE 35 40 021 A1 a projectile with a main charge and an additional charge is known.

Aus der DE 30 10 917 A1 ist ein Gefechtskopf mit einer Haupthohlladung und mindestens einer Vorhohlladung bekannt.From the DE 30 10 917 A1 a warhead with a main shaped charge and at least one pre-shaped charge is known.

Aus der DE 42 40 084 A1 ist ein Tandemgefechtskopf mit einer Hauptladung und einer Vorladung bekannt.From the DE 42 40 084 A1 a tandem warhead with a main charge and a subpoena is known.

Aus der DE 36 05 579 C1 ist ein Flugkörper mit einer verschwenkbaren Hohlladung bekannt.From the DE 36 05 579 C1 a missile with a pivotable shaped charge is known.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Wasserfahrzeug bereit zu stellen, mit dem eine Mine sicher geräumt werden kann, deren den Sprengstoff umgebende Hülle nicht direkt zugänglich ist.The object of the invention is to provide a watercraft with which a mine can be safely cleared whose shell surrounding the explosive is not directly accessible.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Wasserfahrzeug mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie den Zeichnungen.This problem is solved by a watercraft with the features specified in claim 1 . Advantageous developments result from the dependent claims, the following description and the drawings.

Das erfindungsgemäße Wasserfahrzeug mit einer ersten Hohlladung weist eine zweite Hohlladung auf, welche in Wirkrichtung der ersten Hohlladung hinter der ersten Hohlladung angeordnet ist, wobei die Wirkrichtung der ersten Hohlladung und die Wirkrichtung der zweiten Hohlladung auf einen gemeinsamen Zielpunkt verlaufen.The watercraft according to the invention with a first hollow charge has a second hollow charge, which is arranged behind the first hollow charge in the direction of action of the first hollow charge, the direction of action of the first hollow charge and the direction of action of the second hollow charge running towards a common target point.

Bevorzugt verlaufen die Wirkrichtung der ersten Hohlladung und die Wirkrichtung der zweiten Hohlladung entlang einer gemeinsamen Linie in Richtung Zielpunkt, sind also koaxial.The direction of action of the first hollow charge and the direction of action of the second hollow charge preferably run along a common line in the direction of the target point, ie they are coaxial.

Ziel und Wirkung dieser Anordnung ist es, dass zunächst die erste Hohlladung zur Zündung gebracht wird. Bei koaxialer Anordnung ist die erste Hohlladung vor der zweiten Hohlladung angeordnet. Diese erzeugt eine Plasmalanze, welche dazu führt, dass das zwischen dem Wasserfahrzeug und einer Mine angeordnete Wasser verdampft wird. Gegebenenfalls durchdringt diese erste Plasmalanze der ersten Hohlladung ein erstes Hindernis, beispielsweise eine erste Wand einer doppelwandigen Mine, eine Munitionskiste oder dergleichen. Zeitlich sehr kurz darauf bevor nun die durch das Verdampfen entstehende Blase wieder kollabiert wird die zweite Hohlladung gezündet. Die durch die Zündung der zweiten Hohlladung entstehende zweite Plasmalanze kann nun mit erheblich geringerer Abschwächung die Mine erreichen. Hierdurch kann insbesondere die zweite Hohlladung so ausgebildet und/oder angeordnet sein, dass die zweite Plasmalanze besonders schmal und dadurch besonders schnell ist. Unter Wasser würde diese bei größerem Abstand besonders stark abgeschwächt werden, was durch die erste Plasmalanze jedoch verhindert wird. Somit kann die in die Mine eingebrachte Energie maximiert werden und so der Räumerfolg gesichert werden.The aim and effect of this arrangement is that initially the first shaped charge is ignited. In the case of a coaxial arrangement, the first hollow charge is arranged in front of the second hollow charge. This generates a plasma lance, which causes the water placed between the watercraft and a mine to be vaporized. If necessary, this first plasma lance of the first shaped charge penetrates a first obstacle, for example a first wall of a double-walled mine, an ammunition box or the like. The second shaped charge is ignited shortly thereafter, before the bubble created by the evaporation collapses again. The second plasma lance created by the ignition of the second shaped charge can now reach the mine with considerably less weakening. As a result, in particular the second hollow charge can be designed and/or arranged in such a way that the second plasma lance is particularly narrow and therefore particularly fast. Under water, this would be particularly weakened at a greater distance, but this is prevented by the first plasma lance. Thus, the energy introduced into the mine can be maximized and the clearing success can be ensured.

Wenigstens eine der beiden Hohlladungen ist bewegbar angeordnet. Bevorzugt sind die erste Hohlladung und die zweite Hohlladung bewegbar angeordnet, wobei der Abstand zwischen der ersten Hohlladung und der zweiten Hohlladung konstant ist. Durch die Bewegbarkeit ist eine Anpassung an einen variablen Abstand zwischen Wasserfahrzeug und Mine möglich. Zusätzlich ist der Abstand zwischen der ersten Hohlladung und der zweiten Hohlladung so groß gewählt, dass die zweite Plasmalanze so fokussiert und schmal wie möglich ist. Eine Vergrößerung des Abstandes würde somit keinen positiven Effekt mehr haben. Eine Verkürzung würde dazu führen, dass die Fokussierung nachlässt und somit gegebenenfalls der Energieeintrag in die Mine geschwächt wird.At least one of the two shaped charges is movably arranged. Preferably, the first hollow charge and the second hollow charge are movably arranged, the distance between the first hollow charge and the second hollow charge being constant. Due to the mobility, an adjustment to a variable distance between watercraft and mine is possible. In addition, the distance between the first shaped charge and the second shaped charge is selected to be large enough for the second plasma lance to be as focused and narrow as possible. Increasing the distance would therefore no longer have a positive effect. A shortening would lead to the fact that the focusing decreases and thus the energy input into the mine may be weakened.

Das Wasserfahrzeug weist weiter einen Abstandssensor und eine Auswerte- und Steuerelektronik auf. Der Abstandssensor ist zur Erfassung des Abstands zwischen dem Wasserfahrzeug und einem vor dem Wasserfahrzeug angeordneten Objekt ausgebildet. Dieser Abstand muss die Plasmalanze überbrücken. Daher ist es notwendig, diesen Abstand ermitteln zu können, um die Hohlladungen entsprechend anpassen zu können, um eine optimale Wirkung zu erzielen. Die Auswerte- und Steuerelektronik ist zur Verarbeitung des von dem Abstandssensor erfassten Abstands zwischen dem Wasserfahrzeug und dem vor dem Wasserfahrzeug angeordneten Objekt ausgebildet. Weiter ist die Auswerte- und Steuerelektronik zur Bewegung wenigstens einer der beiden Hohlladungen in Abhängigkeit vom erfassten Abstand ausgebildet. Bevorzugt derfolgt das Bewegen wenigstens einer der beiden Hohlladungen durch die Auswerte- und Steuerelektronik mit Hilfe eines Motors, welcher durch die Auswerte- und Steuerelektronik angesteuert wird und wenigstens eine der beiden Hohlladungen, bevorzugt beide Hohlladungen zusammen, bewegt.The watercraft also has a distance sensor and evaluation and control electronics. The distance sensor is designed to detect the distance between the watercraft and an object arranged in front of the watercraft. The plasma lance must bridge this distance. It is therefore necessary to be able to determine this distance in order to be able to adjust the shaped charges accordingly in order to achieve an optimal effect. The evaluation and control electronics are designed to process the distance between the watercraft and the object arranged in front of the watercraft, which is detected by the distance sensor. Furthermore, the evaluation and control electronics are designed to move at least one of the two shaped charges as a function of the detected distance. Preferably, at least one of the two shaped charges is moved by the evaluation and control electronics with the aid of a motor which is controlled by the evaluation and control electronics and at least one of the two shaped charges, preferably both shaped charges together, moves.

Hierdurch ist es möglich, die Form der durch die erste Hohlladung erzeugte Plasmalanze an den Abstand anzupassen. Der Abstand kann unter Wasser oftmals beispielsweise aufgrund von Hindernissen oder Strömungen nicht beliebig auf einen vorbestimmten Wert eingestellt werden, sodass es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen hat, den realen Abstand zu ermitteln und anschließend die Position wenigstens einer der beiden Hohlladungen an den Abstand anzupassen.This makes it possible to adapt the shape of the plasma lance generated by the first hollow charge to the distance. The distance often cannot be set to a predetermined value under water, for example due to obstacles or currents, so it has proven advantageous to determine the actual distance and then adjust the position of at least one of the two shaped charges to the distance.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung verlaufen die Wirkrichtung der ersten Hohlladung und die Wirkrichtung der zweiten Hohlladung parallel. Insbesondere sind die Wirkrichtung der ersten Hohlladung und die Wirkrichtung der zweiten Hohlladung in Längsrichtung des Wasserfahrzeugs angeordnet. Hierdurch ist eine schlanke Bauweise möglich.In a further embodiment of the invention, the direction of action of the first hollow charge and the direction of action of the second hollow charge run parallel. In particular, the direction of action of the first hollow charge and the direction of action of the second hollow charge are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the watercraft. This enables a slim design.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist zwischen der ersten Hohlladung und der Hülle des Wasserfahrzeugs ein erster Gasraum angeordnet und zwischen der ersten Hohlladung und der zweiten Hohlladung ein zweiter Gasraum angeordnet. Die Länge des ersten Gasraumes ist in Wirkrichtung der ersten Hohlladungen geringer als die Länge des zweiten Gasraumes in Wirkrichtung der zweiten Hohlladung. Dieses führt dazu, dass die von der zweiten Hohlladung erzeugte zweite Plasmalanze fokussierter ist. Durch die breitere erste Plasmalanze wird somit eine größere Blase an verdampftem Wasser geschaffen, damit die zweite Plasmalanze nicht abgeschwächt wird.In a further embodiment of the invention, a first gas space is arranged between the first hollow charge and the hull of the watercraft and a second gas space is arranged between the first hollow charge and the second hollow charge. The length of the first gas space in the direction of action of the first hollow charge is less than the length of the second gas space in the direction of action of the second hollow charge. This leads to the fact that the second plasma lance generated by the second shaped charge is more focused. The wider first plasma lance thus creates a larger bubble of evaporated water so that the second plasma lance is not weakened.

In einer alternativen Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Wirkrichtung der ersten Hohlladung und die Wirkrichtung der zweiten Hohlladung nicht parallel zueinander angeordnet. In diesem Fall ist der erste Gasraum, welcher in Wirkrichtung vor der ersten Hohlladung angeordnet ist, so kurz zu wählen, dass die entstehende Plasmalanze ausreichend breit ist, sodass die Wirkrichtung der zweiten Hohlladung innerhalb des Öffnungswinkels der Plasmalanze der ersten Hohlladung befindet. Vorteile dieser Ausführungsform sind zum einen, dass die zweite Hohlladung nicht die Rückwand der ersten Hohlladung durchdringen muss und damit nicht abgeschwächt wird, zum anderen ist eine kürzere Bauform realisierbar. Nachteilig ist jedoch, dass die erste Hohlladung eine vergleichsweise breite Plasmalanze erzeugt und somit eine vergleichsweise größere Wassermenge verdampfen muss. Auch kann die Durchdringung bei einer doppelwandigen Mine erschwert sein.In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the direction of action of the first hollow charge and the direction of action of the second hollow charge are not arranged parallel to one another. In this case, the first gas space, which is arranged upstream of the first hollow charge in the direction of action, should be chosen so short that the resulting plasma lance is wide enough for the direction of action of the second hollow charge to be within the opening angle of the plasma lance of the first hollow charge. Advantages of this embodiment are, on the one hand, that the second hollow charge does not have to penetrate the rear wall of the first hollow charge and is therefore not weakened, and on the other hand a shorter design can be realized. The disadvantage, however, is that the first shaped charge generates a comparatively wide plasma lance and therefore has to evaporate a comparatively larger amount of water. Penetration can also be more difficult with a double-walled mine.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die erste Hohlladung einen ersten Zünder und die zweite Hohlladung einen zweiten Zünder auf. Der erste Zünder und der zweite Zünder sind mit einer Zündvorrichtung verbunden. Die Zündvorrichtung weist eine Verzögerungsvorrichtung auf, wobei die Verzögerungsvorrichtung eine zeitlich spätere Zündung des zweitens Zünders bewirkt. Die Verzögerungsvorrichtung wird auch als Bestandteil der Zündvorrichtung angesehen, wenn die Verzögerungsvorrichtung Bestandteil der Verbindung zwischen dem zentralen Kern der Zündvorrichtung und dem zweiten Zünder ist. Beispielsweise kann die Verbindung zwischen dem zentralen Kern der Zündvorrichtung und dem zweiten Zünder länger sein als die die Verbindung zwischen dem zentralen Kern der Zündvorrichtung und dem ersten Zünder.In a further embodiment of the invention, the first hollow charge has a first igniter and the second hollow charge has a second igniter. The first igniter and the second igniter are connected to an igniter. The ignition device has a delay device, the delay device causing the second igniter to be ignited later in time. The delay device is also considered part of the igniter when the delay device forms part of the connection between the central core of the igniter and the second igniter. For example, the connection between the center core of the igniter and the second igniter may be longer than the connection between the center core of the igniter and the first igniter.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der vor der ersten Hohlladung angeordnete erste Gasraum in Wirkrichtung der ersten Hohlladung kürzer als der vor der zweiten Hohlladung angeordnete zweite Gasraum in Wirkrichtung der zweiten Hohlladung. Hierdurch wird erreicht, das die Plasmalanze der ersten Hohlladung weniger fokussiert ist als die Plasmalanze der zweiten Hohlladung.In a further embodiment of the invention, the first gas chamber arranged in front of the first hollow charge is shorter in the effective direction of the first hollow charge than the second gas chamber arranged in front of the second hollow charge in the effective direction of the second shaped charge. This ensures that the plasma lance of the first hollow charge is less focused than the plasma lance of the second hollow charge.

Nachfolgend ist das erfindungsgemäße Wasserfahrzeug anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.

  • Fig. 1 Wasserfahrzeug
  • Fig. 2 Wasserfahrzeug mit beweglichen Hohlladungen
The watercraft according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment illustrated in the drawings.
  • 1 watercraft
  • 2 Watercraft with moving shaped charges

In Fig. 1 ist das Wasserfahrzeug 10 in einem schematischen Querschnitt gezeigt. Für den Antrieb weist das Wasserfahrzeug 10 eine Batterie 50, einen Motor 60 und einen Propeller 70 auf. Alternativ kann das Wasserfahrzeug 10 auch mehrere Motoren 60 und Propeller 70 aufweisen. Im Wasserfahrzeug 10 sind eine erste Hohlladung 21 und eine zweite Hohlladung 22 angeordnet, welche mit Wirkrichtung in Längsrichtung des Wasserfahrzeugs und in Fahrtrichtung des Wasserfahrzeugs 10 ausgerichtet sind. Erkennbar ist, dass der zwischen der ersten Hohlladung 21 und der Hülle 40 liegende erste Gasraum kürzer ist als der zweite Gasraum, welcher wischen der zweiten Hohlladung 22 und der ersten Hohlladung 21 angeordnet ist. Hierdurch ist der zweite Plasmastrahl der zweiten Plasmaladung 22 fokussierter. Zur Zündung der ersten Hohlladung 21 und der zweiten Hohlladung 22 weist das Wasserfahrzeug 10 eine Zündvorrichtung 100 auf. Im gezeigten Fall ist die Zündvorrichtung 100 so angeordnet, dass der zentrale Kern der Zündvorrichtung 100 eine längere Verbindung zur zweiten Hohlladung 22 aufweist als zur die Verbindung zur ersten Hohlladung 21, sodass die Verbindung vom zentralen Kern der Zündvorrichtung zur zweiten Hohlladung 22 als Verzögerungsvorrichtung funktioniert. Zusätzlich weist das Wasserfahrzeug 10 ein Sonar 90 auf, um den Abstand vom Wasserfahrzeug 10 zu einer Mine zu bestimmen.In 1 the watercraft 10 is shown in a schematic cross section. The watercraft 10 has a battery 50, a motor 60 and a propeller 70 for propulsion. Alternatively, the watercraft 10 can also have multiple motors 60 and propellers 70 . A first hollow charge 21 and a second hollow charge 22 are arranged in the watercraft 10 and are aligned with the direction of action in the longitudinal direction of the watercraft and in the direction of travel of the watercraft 10 . It can be seen that the first gas space located between the first hollow charge 21 and the shell 40 is shorter than the second gas space, which is arranged between the second hollow charge 22 and the first hollow charge 21 . As a result, the second plasma jet of the second plasma charge 22 is more focused. The watercraft 10 has an ignition device 100 for igniting the first hollow charge 21 and the second hollow charge 22 . In the case shown, the ignition device 100 is arranged such that the central core of the ignition device 100 has a longer connection to the second shaped charge 22 than to the connection to the first shaped charge 21, so that the connection from the central core of the ignition device to the second shaped charge 22 functions as a delay device. In addition, the watercraft 10 has a sonar 90 to determine the distance from the watercraft 10 to a mine.

Das in Fig. 2 gezeigte Wasserfahrzeug 10 weist zusätzlich eine Gewindestange 30 auf, mit der die erste Hohlladung 21 und die zweite Hohlladung 22 gemeinsam verschoben werden können. Hierdurch kann die Aufweitung des Plasmastrahls der ersten Hohlladung 21 verändert werden. Aufgrund des konstanten Abstands zwischen der ersten Hohlladung 21 und der zweiten Hohlladung 22 bleibt hingegen die Form des zweiten Plasmastrahls unverändert.This in 2 Watercraft 10 shown also has a threaded rod 30 with which the first hollow charge 21 and the second hollow charge 22 can be moved together. As a result, the widening of the plasma jet of the first hollow charge 21 can be changed. Due to the constant distance between the first hollow charge 21 and the second hollow charge 22, however, the shape of the second plasma jet remains unchanged.

BezugszeichenReference sign

1010
Wasserfahrzeugwatercraft
2121
erste Hohlladungfirst shaped charge
2222
zweite Hohlladungsecond shaped charge
3030
Gewindestangethreaded rod
4040
HülleCovering
5050
Batteriebattery
6060
Motorengine
7070
Propellerpropeller
9090
Sonarsonar
100100
Zündvorrichtungignition device

Claims (8)

  1. A watercraft (10) having a first shaped charge (21), wherein a second shaped charge (22) is arranged behind the first shaped charge (21) in the effective direction of the first shaped charge (21), wherein the effective direction of the first shaped charge (21) and the effective direction of the second shaped charge (22) run to a common target point, characterized in that at least one of the two shaped charges (21, 22) is arranged to be movable, wherein the watercraft (10) has a distance sensor and an electronic evaluation and control system, wherein the distance sensor is designed to detect the distance between the watercraft (10) and an object arranged in front of the watercraft, wherein the electronic evaluation and control system is designed to process the distance detected by the distance sensor, wherein the electronic evaluation and control system is designed to move at least one of the two shaped charges (21, 22), depending on the distance detected.
  2. The watercraft (10) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the effective direction of the first shaped charge (21) and the effective direction of the second shaped charge (22) run in parallel.
  3. The watercraft (10) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first gas chamber is arranged between the first shaped charge (21) and the casing (40) of the watercraft (10), wherein a second gas chamber is arranged between the first shaped charge (21) and the second shaped charge (22), wherein the length of the first gas chamber in the effective direction of the first shaped charges (21) is smaller than the length of the second gas chamber in the effective direction of the second shaped charge (22).
  4. The watercraft (10) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the effective direction of the first shaped charge (21) and the effective direction of the second shaped charge (22) are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the watercraft (10).
  5. The watercraft (10) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first shaped charge (21) and the second shaped charge (22) are arranged to be movable, wherein the distance between the first shaped charge (21) and the second shaped charge (22) is constant.
  6. The watercraft (10) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first shaped charge (21) has a first fuze, wherein the second shaped charge (22) has a second fuze, wherein the first fuze and the second fuze are connected to an ignition device (100), wherein the ignition device (100) has a delay device, wherein the delay device brings about a later ignition of the second fuze.
  7. The watercraft (10) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first gas chamber arranged in front of the first shaped charge (21) in the effective direction of the first shaped charge (21) is shorter than the second gas chamber arranged in front of the second shaped charge (22) in the effective direction of the second shaped charge (22).
  8. The watercraft (10) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance sensor is a sonar (90).
EP20768544.7A 2019-09-12 2020-09-04 Underwater vehicle comprising two shaped charges arranged behind one another Active EP4028715B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019213944.2A DE102019213944A1 (en) 2019-09-12 2019-09-12 Underwater vehicle with two shaped charges arranged one behind the other
PCT/EP2020/074733 WO2021048012A1 (en) 2019-09-12 2020-09-04 Underwater vehicle comprising two shaped charges arranged behind one another

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4028715A1 EP4028715A1 (en) 2022-07-20
EP4028715C0 EP4028715C0 (en) 2023-08-23
EP4028715B1 true EP4028715B1 (en) 2023-08-23

Family

ID=72432880

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20768544.7A Active EP4028715B1 (en) 2019-09-12 2020-09-04 Underwater vehicle comprising two shaped charges arranged behind one another

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US11821715B2 (en)
EP (1) EP4028715B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102019213944A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2021048012A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020202718A1 (en) 2020-03-03 2021-09-09 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Underwater vehicle

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2460303A1 (en) * 1974-12-20 1978-10-19 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Multiple charge underwater missile - has spike of primary charge producing air or cavitation bubble over target
DE3010917C2 (en) * 1980-03-21 1984-03-01 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Warhead with a main hollow charge and at least one pre-hollow charge
DE3540021A1 (en) * 1985-11-12 1987-05-21 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Multi-element shaped-charge lining
DE3605579C1 (en) * 1986-02-21 1987-05-07 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Missile for attacking targets underneath the flight path (trajectory) of the missile
DE3633535C1 (en) 1986-10-02 1996-09-26 Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag Warhead with initial and main hollow charges
DE4240084A1 (en) 1992-11-28 1994-06-01 Dynamit Nobel Ag Tandem warhead with piezoelectric impact fuses
FR2779514B1 (en) 1998-06-09 2001-01-26 Tda Armements Sas COUNTER-MEASURE AMMUNITION
ES2262302T3 (en) * 1999-09-27 2006-11-16 Saab Ab METHOD OF USE OF A MULTIPLE HOLLOW LOAD AND MULTIPLE HOLLOW LOAD TO IMPLEMENT SUCH METHOD.
DE102011121856A1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-27 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Combustion agent for clearing munitions, such as sea mines, underwater, ordnance clearance combination with unmanned underwater vehicle and such ordnance and apparatus for this purpose.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4028715C0 (en) 2023-08-23
DE102019213944A1 (en) 2021-03-18
US11821715B2 (en) 2023-11-21
US20220325994A1 (en) 2022-10-13
EP4028715A1 (en) 2022-07-20
WO2021048012A1 (en) 2021-03-18

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