EP3273304A1 - Part for clock movement - Google Patents

Part for clock movement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3273304A1
EP3273304A1 EP16180226.9A EP16180226A EP3273304A1 EP 3273304 A1 EP3273304 A1 EP 3273304A1 EP 16180226 A EP16180226 A EP 16180226A EP 3273304 A1 EP3273304 A1 EP 3273304A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
watch component
watch
component
copper alloy
chip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16180226.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3273304B1 (en
Inventor
Christian Charbon
Vincent Fays
Marco Verardo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nivarox Far SA
Original Assignee
Nivarox Far SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nivarox Far SA filed Critical Nivarox Far SA
Priority to EP16180226.9A priority Critical patent/EP3273304B1/en
Priority to EP16190278.8A priority patent/EP3273306A1/en
Priority to EP17157065.8A priority patent/EP3273307A1/en
Priority to US15/652,287 priority patent/US11092932B2/en
Priority to RU2017125745A priority patent/RU2763382C2/en
Priority to RU2017125734A priority patent/RU2767960C2/en
Priority to JP2017138777A priority patent/JP6591497B2/en
Priority to CN201710584247.6A priority patent/CN107632510B/en
Priority to US15/652,288 priority patent/US10761482B2/en
Priority to RU2017125759A priority patent/RU2752467C2/en
Priority to CN201710584919.3A priority patent/CN107632508B/en
Priority to JP2017138778A priority patent/JP6591498B2/en
Priority to JP2017138776A priority patent/JP6762275B2/en
Priority to CN202110652156.8A priority patent/CN113296382A/en
Priority to US15/652,283 priority patent/US11237520B2/en
Priority to CN201710584243.8A priority patent/CN107632507B/en
Publication of EP3273304A1 publication Critical patent/EP3273304A1/en
Priority to HK18107788.1A priority patent/HK1248327A1/en
Priority to HK18108135.9A priority patent/HK1248836A1/en
Priority to HK18108785.2A priority patent/HK1249200A1/en
Priority to JP2019118335A priority patent/JP2019203899A/en
Priority to JP2019118340A priority patent/JP2019197061A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3273304B1 publication Critical patent/EP3273304B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B29/00—Frameworks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
    • G04B1/16—Barrels; Arbors; Barrel axles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/021—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft
    • G04B13/022—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft with parts made of hard material, e.g. silicon, diamond, sapphire, quartz and the like
    • G04B13/026—
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/32—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B43/00—Protecting clockworks by shields or other means against external influences, e.g. magnetic fields
    • G04B43/007—Antimagnetic alloys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piece for a watch movement and in particular to a non-magnetic watch component for a mechanical clockwork movement and in particular to a non-magnetic balance shaft, an anchor rod and a non-magnetic escape pinion.
  • the manufacture of a watch component comprising at least one portion having the shape of a piece of revolution, such as a clockwise pivot axis, consists, from a hardenable steel bar, to perform machining operations by removing chips, such as bar turning, to define different active surfaces (bearing, shoulder, pivots etc.) and then subjecting the machined clock component to heat treatment operations comprising at least one quenching to improve the hardness of said component and a or more income to improve toughness.
  • the heat treatment operations may be followed by a rolling operation of the axes pivots, polishing the pivots to bring them to the required dimensions. During the rolling operation the hardness as well as the roughness of the pivots are further improved. Note that this rolling operation is very difficult or impossible to achieve with most materials whose hardness is low, that is to say less than 600HV.
  • the pivot axes for example the balance axes, conventionally used in mechanical watch movements are made in grades of free-cutting steels which are generally steels. carbon martensitics including lead and manganese sulphides to improve their machinability. A steel of this type designated 20AP is typically used for these applications.
  • This type of material has the advantage of being easily machinable, in particular being able to cut and has, after quenching and tempering treatments, high mechanical properties very interesting for the realization of clockwise pivot axes.
  • these steels exhibit high wear resistance and hardness after heat treatment.
  • the hardness of the pivots of an axis made of steel AP may reach a hardness exceeding 700 HV after heat treatment and rolling.
  • this type of material has the disadvantage of being magnetic and of being able to disrupt the running of a watch after being subjected to a magnetic field, and in particular when this material is used for producing a balance shaft cooperating with a balance spring of ferromagnetic material. This phenomenon is well known to those skilled in the art. It should also be noted that these martensitic steels are also susceptible to corrosion.
  • austenitic stainless steels which have the particular feature of being non-magnetic, that is to say of the paramagnetic or diamagnetic or antiferromagnetic type.
  • these austenitic steels have a crystallographic structure that does not allow them to be hardened and to reach hardnesses and therefore wear resistances that are compatible with the requirements required for the realization of clockwise pivot axes.
  • One way to increase the hardness of these steels is work hardening, however this hardening operation does not allow to obtain hardnesses greater than 500 HV. Therefore, in the context of parts requiring high resistance to frictional wear and having pivots having little or no risk of deformation, the use of this type of steel remains limited.
  • the pivots can be in the same material or steel. It is also possible to provide the deposition of an additional layer applied galvanically, chemically, or from the gas phase (for example in Cr, Rh, etc.). This additional layer presents a significant risk of delamination.
  • This document also describes a rocker shaft made entirely of curable bronze. However, no information is given on the manufacturing process of the pivots.
  • a piece made of curable bronze has a hardness less than 450 HV. Such hardness appears to those skilled in the art as insufficient to perform a rolling treatment.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the aforementioned disadvantages by providing a watch component that both limits the sensitivity to magnetic fields and to obtain an improved hardness compatible with the wear resistance requirements and shock in the field of watchmaking.
  • the invention also aims to provide a non-magnetic watch component having improved corrosion resistance.
  • the invention also aims to provide a non-magnetic watch component that can be manufactured simply and economically.
  • the invention relates to a watchmaking component for a watch movement comprising at least one part machined by chip removal.
  • said part is made of a non-magnetic copper alloy in order to limit its sensitivity to magnetic fields, said copper alloy comprising, by weight, between 10% and 20% of Ni, between 6% and 12% of Sn, X % additional elements, where X is between 0 and 5%, and the rest of Cu.
  • Such a clock component makes it possible to cumulate the advantages such as the low sensitivity to magnetic fields, as well as hardness and good resistance to corrosion while maintaining good general toughness. Moreover, the use of a non-magnetic copper alloy as defined above is advantageous insofar as the latter has good machinability.
  • At least the chip-machined part comprises a hardening layer deposited on an outer surface of said part.
  • At least one outer surface of said chip-machined portion is cured in depth relative to the core of the watch component to a predetermined depth.
  • the watch component allows, in addition to the advantages indicated above, to present, in the main stress zones, an improved hardness.
  • the invention relates to a watch movement comprising a watch component according to one of the preceding variants.
  • Said watch component is for example a pivot axis, the machined part being at least one pivot.
  • the watch component may be a balance shaft, an anchor rod and / or an escape pinion, or a screw, a winding stem, a pin, etc.
  • the processes of the invention may comprise, according to a first variant, a step d) of depositing a curing layer at least on an external surface of said machined part by chip removal.
  • the methods of the invention may comprise a step e) of diffusion of atoms at a predetermined depth at least in an external surface of said machined part by chip removal in order to deepen the watch component at the level of the main stress zones while keeping a high tenacity.
  • a surface area or the entire surface of the chip-machined portion is cured without having to deposit a second material over said part.
  • the hardening is done directly in the material of the watch component which advantageously allows according to the invention to avoid any subsequent delamination as may occur in the case of the deposition of a hard layer on the watch component.
  • non-magnetic material means a paramagnetic or diamagnetic or antiferromagnetic material whose magnetic permeability is less than or equal to 1.01.
  • chip removal machining refers to any material removal shaping operation intended to impart to a workpiece dimensions and surface condition within a given tolerance range. Such operations are for example bar turning, milling or any other technique known to those skilled in the art.
  • the invention relates to a piece for a watch movement and in particular a non-magnetic watch component, such as a pivot axis, for a mechanical clockwork movement.
  • axes watchmakers typically exhaust gears, or anchor rods.
  • the parts of this type have at the body diameters preferably less than 2 mm, and pivots of smaller diameter preferably 0.2 mm, with an accuracy of a few microns.
  • Other watchmaking components that can be envisaged are still screws, winding rods, studs, etc., and may have dimensions similar to those indicated above for the axes.
  • a balance shaft 1 which comprises a plurality of sections 2 of different diameters, preferably formed by machining or any other machining by chip removal technique, and classically defining bearing surfaces 2a and shoulders 2b arranged between two end portions defining two pivots 3. These pivots are intended to each rotate in a bearing, typically in a hole of a stone or ruby.
  • the invention solves both problems at the same time without compromise and providing other benefits.
  • at least the part 3 of the watch component 1 formed by machining by chip removal is made of a non-magnetic copper alloy in order to advantageously limit its sensitivity to magnetic fields, said copper alloy comprising by weight between 10% and 20% of Ni, between 6% and 12% of Sn, X% of additional elements, where X is between 0 and 5, and the remainder of Cu.
  • the nonmagnetic copper alloy comprises, by weight, between 11% and 18% of Ni, between 7% and 10% of Sn, X% of additional elements, where X is between 0 and 5, and the remainder of Cu.
  • the non-magnetic copper alloy comprises, by weight, between 12% and 17% of Ni, between 7% and 9% of Sn, X% of additional elements, where X is between 0 and 5, and the remainder of Cu.
  • the non-magnetic copper alloy comprises, by weight, between 14.5% and 15.5% of Ni, between 7.5% and 8.5% of Sn, X% of additional elements, where X is between 0 and 5, and the rest of Cu.
  • the proportions of the various elements of the alloys are chosen to give them non-magnetic properties and good machinability.
  • the non-magnetic copper alloy used according to the invention may be lead-free or may comprise lead, in an amount of less than or equal to 0.02% by weight.
  • the nonmagnetic copper alloy may be an alloy having a mass composition of between 14.5% and 15.5% Ni, between 7.5% and 8.5% Sn, 0.02% max Pb and the remainder Cu.
  • Such an alloy is marketed under the trademark Toughmet® by the company Materion.
  • nonmagnetic copper-based alloys corresponding to the definition of the invention are possible since the proportion of their constituents gives them non-magnetic properties and good machinability.
  • At least the part 3 of the watch component 1 has a hardness greater than 350 HV.
  • the part 3 made of a copper alloy as defined above can be rolled despite a hardness of less than 600 HV.
  • Such an additional layer may be a layer of TiN, diamond, DLC, Al 2 O 3 , Cr, Ni, NiP or any other suitable material deposited by PVD, CVD, ALD, galvanic processes. , or any other suitable method.
  • the hardness of at least the machined part 3 by removal of chips can be improved by providing that at least one external surface 5 of said part 3 ( Figure 2 ) is cured in depth with respect to the remainder of the watch component to a predetermined depth so as to offer, advantageously according to the invention, a high hardness at said outer surface while maintaining high toughness.
  • the predetermined depth is between 5% and 40% of the total diameter of the part 3, typically between 5 and 35 microns.
  • the hardened outer surface of the portion 3 thus treated may have a hardness greater than 600 HV.
  • a cure depth of between 5% and 40% of the total diameter of the portion 3 is sufficient for the application for example to a balance staff, the portion 3 then being a pivot.
  • the radius d / 2 is 50 ⁇ m
  • the depth of hardening is preferably around 15 ⁇ m around all part 3, such as the pivots.
  • a different cure depth between 5% and 80% of the total diameter d may be provided.
  • the hardened outer surface 5 of part 3 comprises diffused atoms of at least one chemical element.
  • Said chemical element is for example a non-metal chemical element such as nitrogen, argon and / or boron.
  • a superficial zone 5 is hardened in depth without having to deposit a second material over the part 3.
  • the hardening is carried out directly in the material 4 of the part 3 this which advantageously makes it possible to avoid any subsequent delamination during use. Therefore, according to this variant of the invention, the outer surface 5 of the part 3 comprises a hard surface layer but has no additional hardening layer deposited directly on said outer surface 5.
  • At least one surface area of part 3 is hardened, that is to say that the core of part 3 and / or the rest of watch component 1, can remain little or no change without significant modification of mechanical properties of said watch component 1.
  • This selective hardening of the chip-machined part 3 of the watch component 1 makes it possible to cumulate the advantages such as the low sensitivity to the magnetic fields, a hardness and a high tenacity, in the main stress zones while having good resistance to corrosion and fatigue.
  • the machinable chip removal element used in the present invention can be used in step a1) or a2) in an intermediate form in which it has only undergone the solution solution steps. and cold deformation.
  • the chip machining step c1) or b2) is then performed on a relatively soft chip machining element.
  • the spinodal decomposition hardening heat treatment is then performed on the machined element.
  • the machinable chip removal element used in the present invention can be used in step a1) or a2) in its final form in which it has undergone the three treatment steps, namely solution dissolution, cold deformation and heat treatment of spinodal decomposition curing.
  • the chip machining step c1) or b2) is then performed directly on a hard machinable machining member, which does not require a subsequent spinodal decomposition cure heat treatment.
  • the method of the invention may advantageously comprise, according to a first variant, a step d) of depositing a hardening layer at least on an external surface 5 of said portion 3.
  • step d) may consist of deposition by PVD, CVD, ALD, galvanic processes, or any other suitable method, of a TiN, diamond, DLC, Al 2 layer. O 3 , Cr, Ni, NiP or any other suitable material.
  • the process of the invention may advantageously comprise, according to a second variant, a step e) of diffusion of atoms at a predetermined depth at least in an external surface 5 of said Part 3 machined by chip removal in order to harden the watch component 1 in depth at the main stress zones while maintaining high toughness.
  • the predetermined depth preferably represents between 5% and 40% of the total diameter d of said machined part 3 by chip removal.
  • step e) may consist of a thermochemical diffusion treatment such as a boriding of several watch components and / or several blanks of watch components. It is understood that step e) may consist in interstitially diffusing in the non-magnetic copper alloy 4, atoms of at least one chemical element, for example a non-metal like nitrogen, argon and / or boron.
  • the compressive stresses of the process improve the fatigue resistance and the impact strength.
  • Step e) could also consist of an ion implantation process followed or not by a diffusion heat treatment.
  • This variant has the advantage of not limiting the type of diffused atoms and allowing a diffusion as well interstitial as substitutional.
  • the hardening depth of the outer surface 5 may advantageously be increased by means of a heat treatment carried out during or after the step b) ion implantation treatment.
  • the method of the invention may also include other steps of depositing a layer other than a curing layer.
  • the method of the invention may comprise a step of depositing a lubrication layer.
  • At least the chip-machined part 3 can undergo a rolling / polishing operation after step c1) or b2) when no further curing treatment is provided, or after step d) or e) in the case of additional curing treatment.
  • a rolling / polishing operation makes it possible to reach the final dimensions and the final surface state desired for the parts 3, in particular in the case of pivots.
  • This post-treatment rolling operation makes it possible to obtain watch components having improved wear and impact resistance compared to watch components whose machined parts have only undergone a hardening operation.
  • the watch component according to the invention may comprise parts machined by chip removal treated according to the invention and mounted on the body of the watch component or be made entirely of non-magnetic copper alloy as defined above according to one of the methods of the invention.
  • the curing treatment according to step d) or e) can be performed on the surface of the machined parts by chip removal or on all the surfaces of the watch component.
  • the watch component according to the invention can advantageously be produced by machining or any other machining technique by removing chips from non-magnetic copper alloy bars as defined above, with a diameter preferably of less than 3 mm, and preferably less than 2 mm.
  • Such bars do not currently exist in commerce and must be specifically prepared, demonstrating that the skilled person would turn away from the idea of using a non-magnetic copper alloy as defined above to form a watchmaking component by bar turning or any other machining process), possibly followed by rolling.
  • Copper alloys are known to those skilled in the art to be too soft to be rolled and for wear resistance in motion.
  • the use of such materials according to the invention makes it possible in a surprising and unexpected manner to provide pivoting axes for rolling and achieving a satisfactory life in motion.
  • one skilled in the art has had to overcome the prejudice of using a copper-based alloy to make a very small clock component by a process including a bar turning step (or any other machining by chip removal) and possibly a rolling step.
  • the method of the invention makes it possible to obtain a watchmaking component including at least the parts formed by machining (or any other machining process by chip removal) and possibly by rolling from a non-magnetic copper alloy as defined above.
  • the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example but is susceptible of various variations and modifications that will occur to those skilled in the art.
  • it can be envisaged to totally or almost totally treat the parts 3, that is to say treat a percentage greater than 80% of the diameter of the parts 3 even if this is not necessary for the application to watch components such as axes of watchmakers.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un composant horloger (1) comprenant au moins une partie (3) usinée par enlèvement de copeaux. Ladite partie (3) est réalisée en un alliage de cuivre amagnétique afin de limiter sa sensibilité aux champs magnétiques, ledit alliage de cuivre comprenant en poids entre 10% et 20% de Ni, entre 6% et 12% de Sn, X% d'éléments additionnels, où X est compris entre 0 et 5, et le reste de Cu. L'invention concerne le domaine des mouvements d'horlogerie.The invention relates to a watch component (1) comprising at least one part (3) machined by chip removal. Said part (3) is made of a non-magnetic copper alloy in order to limit its sensitivity to magnetic fields, said copper alloy comprising, by weight, between 10% and 20% of Ni, between 6% and 12% of Sn, X% d additional elements, where X is between 0 and 5, and the remainder of Cu. The invention relates to the field of watch movements.

Description

Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention

L'invention se rapporte à une pièce pour mouvement d'horlogerie et notamment à un composant horloger amagnétique pour un mouvement d'horlogerie mécanique et notamment à un axe de balancier, une tige d'ancre et un pignon d'échappement amagnétiques.The invention relates to a piece for a watch movement and in particular to a non-magnetic watch component for a mechanical clockwork movement and in particular to a non-magnetic balance shaft, an anchor rod and a non-magnetic escape pinion.

Arrière-plan de l'inventionBackground of the invention

La fabrication d'un composant horloger comprenant au moins une partie présentant la forme d'une pièce de révolution, tel qu'un axe de pivotement horloger, consiste, à partir d'une barre en acier trempable, à réaliser des opérations d'usinage par enlèvement de copeaux, telles que le décolletage, pour définir différentes surfaces actives (portée, épaulement, pivots etc.) puis à soumettre le composant horloger usiné à des opérations de traitement thermique comprenant au moins une trempe pour améliorer la dureté dudit composant et un ou plusieurs revenus pour en améliorer la ténacité. Dans le cas des axes de pivotement, les opérations de traitements thermiques peuvent être suivies d'une opération de roulage des pivots des axes, opération consistant à polir les pivots pour les amener aux dimensions requises. Au cours de l'opération de roulage la dureté ainsi que la rugosité des pivots sont encore améliorées. On notera que cette opération de roulage est très difficile voire impossible à réaliser avec la plupart des matériaux dont la dureté est faible c'est-à-dire inférieure à 600HV.The manufacture of a watch component comprising at least one portion having the shape of a piece of revolution, such as a clockwise pivot axis, consists, from a hardenable steel bar, to perform machining operations by removing chips, such as bar turning, to define different active surfaces (bearing, shoulder, pivots etc.) and then subjecting the machined clock component to heat treatment operations comprising at least one quenching to improve the hardness of said component and a or more income to improve toughness. In the case of pivot axes, the heat treatment operations may be followed by a rolling operation of the axes pivots, polishing the pivots to bring them to the required dimensions. During the rolling operation the hardness as well as the roughness of the pivots are further improved. Note that this rolling operation is very difficult or impossible to achieve with most materials whose hardness is low, that is to say less than 600HV.

Les axes de pivotement, par exemple les axes de balancier, utilisés classiquement dans les mouvements d'horlogerie mécaniques sont réalisés dans des nuances d'aciers de décolletage qui sont généralement des aciers martensitiques au carbone incluant du plomb et des sulfures de manganèse pour améliorer leur usinabilité. Un acier de ce type désigné 20AP est typiquement utilisé pour ces applications.The pivot axes, for example the balance axes, conventionally used in mechanical watch movements are made in grades of free-cutting steels which are generally steels. carbon martensitics including lead and manganese sulphides to improve their machinability. A steel of this type designated 20AP is typically used for these applications.

Ce type de matériau a l'avantage d'être facilement usinable, en particulier d'être apte au décolletage et présente, après des traitements de trempe et de revenu, des propriétés mécaniques élevées très intéressantes pour la réalisation d'axes de pivotement horlogers. Ces aciers présentent en particulier une résistance à l'usure et une dureté après traitement thermique élevées. Typiquement la dureté des pivots d'un axe réalisé en acier 20 AP peut atteindre une dureté dépassant les 700 HV après traitement thermique et roulage.This type of material has the advantage of being easily machinable, in particular being able to cut and has, after quenching and tempering treatments, high mechanical properties very interesting for the realization of clockwise pivot axes. In particular, these steels exhibit high wear resistance and hardness after heat treatment. Typically the hardness of the pivots of an axis made of steel AP may reach a hardness exceeding 700 HV after heat treatment and rolling.

Bien que fournissant des propriétés mécaniques satisfaisantes pour les applications horlogères décrites ci-dessus, ce type de matériau présente l'inconvénient d'être magnétique et de pouvoir perturber la marche d'une montre après avoir été soumis à un champ magnétique, et ce notamment lorsque ce matériau est utilisé pour la réalisation d'un axe de balancier coopérant avec un balancier spiral en matériau ferromagnétique. Ce phénomène est bien connu de l'homme du métier. On notera également que ces aciers martensitiques sont également sensibles à la corrosion.Although providing satisfactory mechanical properties for the horological applications described above, this type of material has the disadvantage of being magnetic and of being able to disrupt the running of a watch after being subjected to a magnetic field, and in particular when this material is used for producing a balance shaft cooperating with a balance spring of ferromagnetic material. This phenomenon is well known to those skilled in the art. It should also be noted that these martensitic steels are also susceptible to corrosion.

Des essais pour tenter de remédier à ces inconvénients ont été menés avec des aciers inoxydables austénitiques qui présentent la particularité d'être amagnétiques c'est -à-dire du type paramagnétique ou diamagnétique ou antiferromagnétique. Toutefois, ces aciers austénitiques présentent une structure cristallographique ne permettant pas de les tremper et d'atteindre des duretés et donc des résistances à l'usure compatibles avec les exigences requises pour la réalisation d'axes de pivotement horlogers. Un moyen d'augmenter la dureté de ces aciers est l'écrouissage, toutefois cette opération de durcissement ne permet pas d'obtenir des duretés supérieure à 500 HV. Par conséquent, dans le cadre de pièces nécessitant une grande résistance à l'usure par frottement et devant avoir des pivots ne présentant pas ou peu de risque de déformation, l'utilisation de ce type d'aciers reste limitée.Attempts to overcome these disadvantages have been carried out with austenitic stainless steels which have the particular feature of being non-magnetic, that is to say of the paramagnetic or diamagnetic or antiferromagnetic type. However, these austenitic steels have a crystallographic structure that does not allow them to be hardened and to reach hardnesses and therefore wear resistances that are compatible with the requirements required for the realization of clockwise pivot axes. One way to increase the hardness of these steels is work hardening, however this hardening operation does not allow to obtain hardnesses greater than 500 HV. Therefore, in the context of parts requiring high resistance to frictional wear and having pivots having little or no risk of deformation, the use of this type of steel remains limited.

Une autre approche pour tenter de remédier à ces inconvénients a consisté à déposer sur les axes de pivotements des couches dures de matériaux tels que le carbone amorphe connu sous la dénomination anglaise diamond like carbone (DLC). Or, on a constaté des risques importants de délamination de la couche dure et donc la formation de débris qui peuvent circuler à l'intérieur du mouvement horloger et venir perturber le fonctionnement de ce dernier, ce qui n'est pas satisfaisant.Another approach to try to overcome these disadvantages has been to deposit on the pivot axes of the hard layers of materials such as the amorphous carbon known as English diamond carbon (DLC). However, there have been significant risks of delamination of the hard layer and therefore the formation of debris that can circulate inside the watch movement and come to disrupt the operation of the latter, which is not satisfactory.

Une approche similaire, décrite dans le brevet FR 2 015 873 , prévoit de réaliser un axe de balancier dont au moins la partie principale est réalisé en certains matériaux amagnétiques. Les pivots peuvent être dans ce même matériau ou en acier. Il est également possible de prévoir le dépôt d'une couche supplémentaire appliquée par voie galvanique, chimique, ou à partir de la phase gazeuse (par exemple en Cr, Rh, etc.). Cette couche supplémentaire présente un risque important de délamination. Ce document décrit également un axe de balancier fabriqué entièrement en bronze durcissable. Toutefois, aucune information n'est donnée sur le procédé de fabrication des pivots. De plus, une pièce réalisée en bronze durcissable présente une dureté inférieure à 450 HV. Une telle dureté apparait pour l'homme du métier comme insuffisante pour réaliser un traitement par roulage.A similar approach, described in the patent FR 2 015 873 , provides to achieve a balance shaft at least the main part is made of certain non-magnetic materials. The pivots can be in the same material or steel. It is also possible to provide the deposition of an additional layer applied galvanically, chemically, or from the gas phase (for example in Cr, Rh, etc.). This additional layer presents a significant risk of delamination. This document also describes a rocker shaft made entirely of curable bronze. However, no information is given on the manufacturing process of the pivots. In addition, a piece made of curable bronze has a hardness less than 450 HV. Such hardness appears to those skilled in the art as insufficient to perform a rolling treatment.

On connait également de la demande EP 2 757 423 des axes de pivotements réalisés en alliage de cobalt ou de nickel du type austénitique et présentant une surface externe durcie selon une certaine profondeur. Toutefois, de tels alliages peuvent s'avérer difficiles à usiner par enlèvement de copeaux. De plus, ils sont relativement coûteux en raison du prix élevé du nickel et du cobalt.We also know the demand EP 2 757 423 pivoting pins made of cobalt or nickel alloy of the austenitic type and having an outer surface hardened to a certain depth. However, such alloys can be difficult to machine by chip removal. In addition, they are relatively expensive because of the high price of nickel and cobalt.

Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention

Le but de la présente invention est de pallier tout ou partie des inconvénients cités précédemment en proposant un composant horloger permettant à la fois de limiter la sensibilité aux champs magnétiques et d'obtenir une dureté améliorée compatible avec les exigences de résistance à l'usure et aux chocs dans le domaine horloger.The object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the aforementioned disadvantages by providing a watch component that both limits the sensitivity to magnetic fields and to obtain an improved hardness compatible with the wear resistance requirements and shock in the field of watchmaking.

L'invention a également pour but de fournir un composant horloger amagnétique ayant une résistance à la corrosion améliorée.The invention also aims to provide a non-magnetic watch component having improved corrosion resistance.

L'invention a encore pour but de fournir un composant horloger amagnétique qui puisse être fabriqué de manière simple et économique.The invention also aims to provide a non-magnetic watch component that can be manufactured simply and economically.

A cet effet, l'invention se rapporte à un composant horloger pour mouvement horloger comprenant au moins une partie usinée par enlèvement de copeaux.For this purpose, the invention relates to a watchmaking component for a watch movement comprising at least one part machined by chip removal.

Selon l'invention, ladite partie est réalisée en un alliage de cuivre amagnétique afin de limiter sa sensibilité aux champs magnétiques, ledit alliage de cuivre comprenant en poids entre 10% et 20% de Ni, entre 6% et 12% de Sn, X% d'éléments additionnels, où X est compris entre 0 et 5%, et le reste de Cu.According to the invention, said part is made of a non-magnetic copper alloy in order to limit its sensitivity to magnetic fields, said copper alloy comprising, by weight, between 10% and 20% of Ni, between 6% and 12% of Sn, X % additional elements, where X is between 0 and 5%, and the rest of Cu.

Un tel composant horloger permet de cumuler les avantages comme la faible sensibilité aux champs magnétiques, ainsi qu'une dureté et une bonne résistance à la corrosion tout en conservant une bonne ténacité générale. Par ailleurs l'utilisation d'un alliage de cuivre amagnétique tel que défini ci-dessus est avantageuse dans la mesure où ce dernier présente une bonne usinabilité.Such a clock component makes it possible to cumulate the advantages such as the low sensitivity to magnetic fields, as well as hardness and good resistance to corrosion while maintaining good general toughness. Moreover, the use of a non-magnetic copper alloy as defined above is advantageous insofar as the latter has good machinability.

Il est possible d'améliorer la dureté au moins de la partie usinée par enlèvement de copeaux. Dans ce cas, selon une première variante de réalisation, au moins la partie usinée par enlèvement de copeaux comprend une couche de durcissement déposée sur une surface externe de ladite partie.It is possible to improve the hardness of at least the machined part by removing chips. In this case, according to a first variant embodiment, at least the chip-machined part comprises a hardening layer deposited on an outer surface of said part.

Selon une autre variante de réalisation pour améliorer la dureté, au moins une surface externe de ladite partie usinée par enlèvement de copeaux est durcie en profondeur par rapport au coeur du composant horloger selon une profondeur prédéterminée.According to another alternative embodiment for improving the hardness, at least one outer surface of said chip-machined portion is cured in depth relative to the core of the watch component to a predetermined depth.

Par conséquent, une zone superficielle ou la totalité de la surface du composant horloger est durcie c'est-à-dire que le coeur du composant horloger peut rester peu ou pas modifié. Par ce durcissement sélectif de portions du composant horloger, le composant horloger permet, en plus des avantages indiqués ci-dessus, de présenter, dans les zones de contrainte principales, une dureté améliorée.As a result, a surface area or the entire surface of the watch component is cured, i.e., the heart of the watch component may remain little or not changed. By this selective curing of portions of the watch component, the watch component allows, in addition to the advantages indicated above, to present, in the main stress zones, an improved hardness.

De plus, l'invention se rapporte à un mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un composant horloger selon l'une des variantes précédentes. Ledit composant horloger est par exemple un axe de pivotement, la partie usinée par enlèvement de copeaux étant au moins un pivot. En particulier, le composant horloger peut être un axe de balancier, une tige d'ancre et/ou un pignon d'échappement, ou une vis, une tige de remontoir, un piton, etc...In addition, the invention relates to a watch movement comprising a watch component according to one of the preceding variants. Said watch component is for example a pivot axis, the machined part being at least one pivot. In particular, the watch component may be a balance shaft, an anchor rod and / or an escape pinion, or a screw, a winding stem, a pin, etc.

Enfin, l'invention se rapporte à un procédé de fabrication d'un composant horloger pour mouvement horloger comportant les étapes suivantes :

  • a1) se munir d'un élément usinable par enlèvement de copeaux, ledit élément étant réalisé en un alliage de cuivre amagnétique comprenant en poids entre 10% et 20% de Ni, entre 6% et 12% de Sn, X% d'éléments additionnels, où X est compris entre 0 et 5, et le reste de Cu.
  • b1) former ledit composant horloger
  • c1) usiner par enlèvement de copeaux ledit composant horloger pour former au moins une partie dudit composant horloger usinée par enlèvement de copeaux et réalisée en ledit alliage de cuivre amagnétique.
Finally, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a watchmaking component for a watch movement comprising the following steps:
  • a1) providing a machinable chip-removing element, said element being made of a non-magnetic copper alloy comprising, by weight, between 10% and 20% of Ni, between 6% and 12% of Sn, X% of elements additional, where X is between 0 and 5, and the rest of Cu.
  • b1) forming said clock component
  • c1) chip-machining said watch component to form at least a portion of said machined timepiece component made of said non-magnetic copper alloy.

L'invention se rapporte également à un procédé de fabrication d'un composant horloger pour mouvement horloger comportant les étapes suivantes :

  • a2) se munir d'un élément usinable par enlèvement de copeaux, ledit élément étant réalisé en un alliage de cuivre amagnétique comprenant en poids entre 10% et 20% de Ni, entre 6% et 12% de Sn, X% d'éléments additionnels, où X est compris entre 0 et 5, et le reste de Cu.
  • b2) usiner par enlèvement de copeaux ledit élément pour former au moins une partie dudit composant horloger
  • c2) former le composant horloger comprenant ladite partie obtenue à l'étape b2).
The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a watchmaking component for a watch movement comprising the following steps:
  • a2) providing a machinable chip removal element, said element being made of a non-magnetic copper alloy comprising by weight between 10% and 20% of Ni, between 6% and 12% of Sn, X% of elements additional, where X is between 0 and 5, and the rest of Cu.
  • b2) chip-cutting said element to form at least a part of said clock component
  • c2) forming the watch component comprising said part obtained in step b2).

Pour améliorer la dureté au moins de la partie usinée par enlèvement de copeaux, les procédés de l'invention peuvent comprendre selon une première variante une étape d) de dépôt d'une couche de durcissement au moins sur une surface externe de ladite partie usinée par enlèvement de copeaux.In order to improve the hardness of at least the machined portion by removing chips, the processes of the invention may comprise, according to a first variant, a step d) of depositing a curing layer at least on an external surface of said machined part by chip removal.

Selon une autre variante pour améliorer la dureté, les procédés de l'invention peuvent comprendre une étape e) de diffusion d'atomes selon une profondeur prédéterminée au moins dans une surface externe de ladite partie usinée par enlèvement de copeaux afin de durcir en profondeur le composant horloger au niveau des zones de contraintes principales tout en gardant une ténacité élevée.According to another variant for improving the hardness, the methods of the invention may comprise a step e) of diffusion of atoms at a predetermined depth at least in an external surface of said machined part by chip removal in order to deepen the watch component at the level of the main stress zones while keeping a high tenacity.

Par conséquent, par diffusion d'atomes dans l'alliage de cuivre utilisé dans la présente invention, une zone superficielle ou la totalité de la surface de la partie usinée par enlèvement de copeaux est durcie sans avoir à déposer un deuxième matériau par-dessus ladite partie. En effet, le durcissement est réalisé directement dans le matériau du composant horloger ce qui permet avantageusement selon l'invention d'éviter tout délaminage ultérieur comme cela peut se produire dans le cas du dépôt d'une couche dure sur le composant horloger.Therefore, by diffusion of atoms in the copper alloy used in the present invention, a surface area or the entire surface of the chip-machined portion is cured without having to deposit a second material over said part. Indeed, the hardening is done directly in the material of the watch component which advantageously allows according to the invention to avoid any subsequent delamination as may occur in the case of the deposition of a hard layer on the watch component.

Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres particularités et avantages ressortiront clairement de la description qui en est faite ci-après, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une représentation d'un composant horloger selon l'invention ; et
  • la figure 2 est une coupe partielle d'une partie usinée par enlèvement de copeaux du composant horloger selon une variante de l'invention après une opération de traitement de diffusion et après une opération de roulage ou de polissage.
Other particularities and advantages will emerge clearly from the description which is given hereinafter, by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a representation of a watch component according to the invention; and
  • the figure 2 is a partial section of a chip-machined part of the watch component according to a variant of the invention after a diffusion treatment operation and after a rolling or polishing operation.

Description détaillée des modes de réalisation préférésDetailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

Dans la présente description, le terme matériau « amagnétique » signifie un matériau paramagnétique ou diamagnétique ou antiferromagnétique, dont la perméabilité magnétique est inférieure ou égale à 1.01.In the present description, the term "non-magnetic" material means a paramagnetic or diamagnetic or antiferromagnetic material whose magnetic permeability is less than or equal to 1.01.

Le terme « usinage par enlèvement de copeaux » désigne toute opération de mise en forme par enlèvement de matière destinée à conférer à une pièce des dimensions et un état de surface situés dans une fourchette de tolérance donnée. De telles opérations sont par exemple le décolletage, le fraisage ou toute autre technique connue de l'homme du métier.The term "chip removal machining" refers to any material removal shaping operation intended to impart to a workpiece dimensions and surface condition within a given tolerance range. Such operations are for example bar turning, milling or any other technique known to those skilled in the art.

L'invention se rapporte à une pièce pour mouvement d'horlogerie et notamment à composant horloger amagnétique, tel qu'un axe de pivotement, pour un mouvement d'horlogerie mécanique.The invention relates to a piece for a watch movement and in particular a non-magnetic watch component, such as a pivot axis, for a mechanical clockwork movement.

L'invention sera décrite ci-après dans le cadre d'une application à un axe de balancier amagnétique 1. Bien évidemment, d'autres types d'axes de pivotement horlogers sont envisageables comme par exemple des axes de mobiles horlogers, typiquement des pignons d'échappement, ou encore des tiges d'ancre. Les pièces de ce type présentent au niveau du corps des diamètres inférieurs de préférence à 2 mm, et des pivots de diamètre inférieur de préférence à 0.2 mm, avec une précision de quelques microns. D'autres composants horlogers envisageables sont encore des vis, des tiges de remontoir, des pitons, etc., et peuvent présenter des dimensions similaires à celles indiquées ci-dessus pour les axes.The invention will be described below in the context of an application to a non-magnetic balance shaft 1. Of course, other types of clockwise pivot axes can be envisaged, for example axes watchmakers, typically exhaust gears, or anchor rods. The parts of this type have at the body diameters preferably less than 2 mm, and pivots of smaller diameter preferably 0.2 mm, with an accuracy of a few microns. Other watchmaking components that can be envisaged are still screws, winding rods, studs, etc., and may have dimensions similar to those indicated above for the axes.

En se référant à la figure 1 on peut voir un axe de balancier 1 selon l'invention qui comporte une pluralité de sections 2 de diamètres différents, formées de préférence par décolletage ou toute autre technique d'usinage par enlèvement de copeaux, et définissant classiquement des portées 2a et des épaulements 2b arrangés entre deux portions d'extrémité définissant deux pivots 3. Ces pivots sont destinés à venir chacun pivoter dans un palier, typiquement dans un orifice d'une pierre ou rubis.Referring to the figure 1 it is possible to see a balance shaft 1 according to the invention which comprises a plurality of sections 2 of different diameters, preferably formed by machining or any other machining by chip removal technique, and classically defining bearing surfaces 2a and shoulders 2b arranged between two end portions defining two pivots 3. These pivots are intended to each rotate in a bearing, typically in a hole of a stone or ruby.

Avec le magnétisme induit par les objets rencontrés au quotidien, il est important de limiter la sensibilité de l'axe de balancier 1 sous peine d'influencer la marche de la pièce d'horlogerie dans laquelle il est incorporé.With the magnetism induced by the objects encountered on a daily basis, it is important to limit the sensitivity of the pendulum axis 1, otherwise it will influence the operation of the timepiece in which it is incorporated.

De manière surprenante, l'invention permet de résoudre les deux problèmes en même temps sans compromis et en apportant d'autres avantages. Ainsi, au moins la partie 3 du composant horloger 1, formée par usinage par enlèvement de copeaux est réalisée dans un alliage de cuivre amagnétique afin de limiter de manière avantageuse sa sensibilité aux champs magnétiques, ledit alliage de cuivre comprenant en poids entre 10% et 20% de Ni, entre 6% et 12% de Sn, X% d'éléments additionnels, où X est compris entre 0 et 5, et le reste de Cu.Surprisingly, the invention solves both problems at the same time without compromise and providing other benefits. Thus, at least the part 3 of the watch component 1 formed by machining by chip removal is made of a non-magnetic copper alloy in order to advantageously limit its sensitivity to magnetic fields, said copper alloy comprising by weight between 10% and 20% of Ni, between 6% and 12% of Sn, X% of additional elements, where X is between 0 and 5, and the remainder of Cu.

De préférence, l'alliage de cuivre amagnétique comprend en poids entre 11% et 18% de Ni, entre 7% et 10% de Sn, X% d'éléments additionnels, où X est compris entre 0 et 5, et le reste de Cu.Preferably, the nonmagnetic copper alloy comprises, by weight, between 11% and 18% of Ni, between 7% and 10% of Sn, X% of additional elements, where X is between 0 and 5, and the remainder of Cu.

D'une manière particulièrement préférée, l'alliage de cuivre amagnétique comprend en poids entre 12% et 17% de Ni, entre 7% et 9% de Sn, X% d'éléments additionnels, où X est compris entre 0 et 5, et le reste de Cu.In a particularly preferred manner, the non-magnetic copper alloy comprises, by weight, between 12% and 17% of Ni, between 7% and 9% of Sn, X% of additional elements, where X is between 0 and 5, and the remainder of Cu.

D'une manière particulièrement avantageuse, l'alliage de cuivre amagnétique comprend en poids entre 14.5% et 15.5% de Ni, entre 7.5% et 8.5% de Sn, X% d'éléments additionnels, où X est compris entre 0 et 5, et le reste de Cu.In a particularly advantageous manner, the non-magnetic copper alloy comprises, by weight, between 14.5% and 15.5% of Ni, between 7.5% and 8.5% of Sn, X% of additional elements, where X is between 0 and 5, and the rest of Cu.

Les proportions des différents éléments des alliages sont choisies pour leur conférer des propriétés amagnétiques ainsi qu'une bonne usinabilité.The proportions of the various elements of the alloys are chosen to give them non-magnetic properties and good machinability.

De manière avantageuse, l'alliage de cuivre amagnétique utilisé selon l'invention peut être exempt de plomb ou peut comprendre du plomb, dans une quantité inférieure ou égale à 0.02% en poids.Advantageously, the non-magnetic copper alloy used according to the invention may be lead-free or may comprise lead, in an amount of less than or equal to 0.02% by weight.

D'une manière avantageuse, l'alliage de cuivre amagnétique peut être un alliage ayant pour composition massique entre 14.5% et 15.5% de Ni, entre 7.5% et 8.5% de Sn, 0.02% max de Pb et le reste de Cu. Un tel alliage est commercialisé sous la marque Toughmet® par la société Materion.Advantageously, the nonmagnetic copper alloy may be an alloy having a mass composition of between 14.5% and 15.5% Ni, between 7.5% and 8.5% Sn, 0.02% max Pb and the remainder Cu. Such an alloy is marketed under the trademark Toughmet® by the company Materion.

Bien évidemment, d'autres alliages à base de cuivre amagnétiques correspondant à la définition de l'invention sont envisageables dès lors que la proportion de leurs constituants leur confère des propriétés amagnétiques ainsi qu'une bonne usinabilité.Of course, other nonmagnetic copper-based alloys corresponding to the definition of the invention are possible since the proportion of their constituents gives them non-magnetic properties and good machinability.

Au moins la partie 3 du composant horloger 1 présente une dureté supérieure à 350 HV.At least the part 3 of the watch component 1 has a hardness greater than 350 HV.

D'une manière surprenante et inattendue, la partie 3 réalisée dans un alliage de cuivre tel que défini ci-dessus peut être roulée malgré une dureté inférieure à 600 HV.Surprisingly and unexpectedly, the part 3 made of a copper alloy as defined above can be rolled despite a hardness of less than 600 HV.

Afin d'améliorer la dureté d'au moins la partie 3 usinée par enlèvement de copeaux, il est possible, selon une première variante de l'invention, de prévoir une couche de durcissement déposée au moins sur une surface externe de ladite partie 3. Une telle couche supplémentaire peut être une couche de TiN, diamant, DLC, Al2O3, Cr, Ni, NiP ou tout autre matériau approprié, déposée par des procédés PVD, CVD, ALD, galvaniques, ou tout autre procédé approprié.In order to improve the hardness of at least machined part 3 by removing chips, it is possible, according to a first variant of the invention, to provide a hardening layer deposited at least on an outer surface of said portion 3. Such an additional layer may be a layer of TiN, diamond, DLC, Al 2 O 3 , Cr, Ni, NiP or any other suitable material deposited by PVD, CVD, ALD, galvanic processes. , or any other suitable method.

Selon une autre variante de l'invention, la dureté d'au moins la partie 3 usinée par enlèvement de copeaux peut être améliorée en prévoyant qu'au moins une surface externe 5 de ladite partie 3 (Figure 2) est durcie en profondeur par rapport au reste du composant horloger selon une profondeur prédéterminée afin d'offrir, avantageusement selon l'invention, une dureté élevée au niveau de ladite surface externe tout en gardant une ténacité élevée. La profondeur prédéterminée représente entre 5% et 40% du diamètre d total de la partie 3, typiquement entre 5 et 35 microns.According to another variant of the invention, the hardness of at least the machined part 3 by removal of chips can be improved by providing that at least one external surface 5 of said part 3 ( Figure 2 ) is cured in depth with respect to the remainder of the watch component to a predetermined depth so as to offer, advantageously according to the invention, a high hardness at said outer surface while maintaining high toughness. The predetermined depth is between 5% and 40% of the total diameter of the part 3, typically between 5 and 35 microns.

La surface externe durcie en profondeur de la partie 3 ainsi traitée peut présenter une dureté supérieure à 600 HV.The hardened outer surface of the portion 3 thus treated may have a hardness greater than 600 HV.

Il a été montré empiriquement qu'une profondeur de durcissement comprise entre 5% et 40% de diamètre d total de la partie 3 suffit pour l'application par exemple à un axe de balancier, la partie 3 étant alors un pivot. A titre d'exemple, si le rayon d/2 est de 50 µm, la profondeur de durcissement est préférentiellement autour de 15 µm tout autour de la partie 3, telle que les pivots. Bien évidemment, suivant les applications, une profondeur différente de durcissement comprise entre 5% et 80% du diamètre d total peut être prévue.It has been shown empirically that a cure depth of between 5% and 40% of the total diameter of the portion 3 is sufficient for the application for example to a balance staff, the portion 3 then being a pivot. By way of example, if the radius d / 2 is 50 μm , the depth of hardening is preferably around 15 μm around all part 3, such as the pivots. Of course, depending on the application, a different cure depth between 5% and 80% of the total diameter d may be provided.

Préférentiellement, la surface externe durcie en profondeur 5 de la partie 3 comporte des atomes diffusés d'au moins un élément chimique. Ledit élément chimique est par exemple un élément chimique non-métal comme de l'azote, l'argon et/ou le bore. En effet, comme expliqué ci-dessous, par sursaturation interstitielle d'atomes dans l'alliage de cuivre amagnétique 4, une zone superficielle 5 est durcie en profondeur sans avoir à déposer un deuxième matériau par-dessus la partie 3. En effet, le durcissement est réalisé directement dans le matériau 4 de la partie 3 ce qui permet avantageusement d'éviter tout délaminage ultérieur en cours d'utilisation. De ce fait, selon cette variante de l'invention, la surface externe 5 de la partie 3 comprend une couche superficielle dure mais ne présente aucune couche de durcissement supplémentaire déposée directement sur ladite surface externe 5.Preferably, the hardened outer surface 5 of part 3 comprises diffused atoms of at least one chemical element. Said chemical element is for example a non-metal chemical element such as nitrogen, argon and / or boron. Indeed, as explained below, by interstitial supersaturation of atoms in the nonmagnetic copper alloy 4, a superficial zone 5 is hardened in depth without having to deposit a second material over the part 3. Indeed, the hardening is carried out directly in the material 4 of the part 3 this which advantageously makes it possible to avoid any subsequent delamination during use. Therefore, according to this variant of the invention, the outer surface 5 of the part 3 comprises a hard surface layer but has no additional hardening layer deposited directly on said outer surface 5.

Par conséquent, au moins une zone superficielle de la partie 3 est durcie c'est-à-dire que le coeur de la partie 3 et/ou le reste du composant horloger 1, peut rester peu ou pas modifié sans modification notable des propriétés mécaniques dudit composant horloger 1. Ce durcissement sélectif de la partie 3 usinée par enlèvement de copeaux du composant horloger 1 permet de cumuler les avantages comme la faible sensibilité aux champs magnétiques, une dureté et une ténacité élevée, dans les zones de contrainte principales tout en ayant une bonne résistance à la corrosion et à la fatigue.Therefore, at least one surface area of part 3 is hardened, that is to say that the core of part 3 and / or the rest of watch component 1, can remain little or no change without significant modification of mechanical properties of said watch component 1. This selective hardening of the chip-machined part 3 of the watch component 1 makes it possible to cumulate the advantages such as the low sensitivity to the magnetic fields, a hardness and a high tenacity, in the main stress zones while having good resistance to corrosion and fatigue.

Il est bien évident que d'autres couches que des couches de durcissement peuvent être déposées, par exemple des couches de lubrification.It is obvious that other layers than hardening layers can be deposited, for example lubrication layers.

L'invention se rapporte également à un premier procédé de fabrication d'un composant horloger 1 comme expliqué ci-dessus. Le procédé comporte avantageusement selon l'invention les étapes suivantes :

  • a1) se munir d'un élément, tel qu'une barre, usinable par enlèvement de copeaux, ledit élément étant réalisé en un alliage de cuivre amagnétique comprenant en poids entre 10% et 20% de Ni, entre 6% et 12% de Sn, X% d'éléments additionnels, où X est compris entre 0 et 5, et le reste de Cu
  • b1) former le composant horloger 1
  • c1) usiner par enlèvement de copeaux ledit composant horloger pour former au moins une partie 3 dudit composant horloger 1 usinée par enlèvement de copeaux et réalisée en ledit alliage de cuivre amagnétique.
The invention also relates to a first method of manufacturing a watch component 1 as explained above. The process advantageously comprises according to the invention the following steps:
  • a1) providing an element, such as a bar, machinable by chip removal, said element being made of a non-magnetic copper alloy comprising by weight between 10% and 20% of Ni, between 6% and 12% of Sn, X% additional elements, where X is between 0 and 5, and the rest of Cu
  • b1) train the watch component 1
  • c1) chip machining said watch component to form at least a portion 3 of said machining component 1 machined by machining and made of said non-magnetic copper alloy.

L'invention se rapporte également à un deuxième procédé de fabrication d'un composant horloger 1 comme expliqué ci-dessus. Ce procédé comporte avantageusement selon l'invention les étapes suivantes :

  • a2) se munir d'un élément, tel qu'une barre, usinable par enlèvement de copeaux, ledit élément étant réalisé en un alliage de cuivre amagnétique comprenant en poids entre 10% et 20% de Ni, entre 6% et 12% de Sn, X% d'éléments additionnels, où X est compris entre 0 et 5, et le reste de Cu
  • b2) usiner par enlèvement de copeaux ledit élément pour former au moins une partie 3 dudit composant horloger 1
  • c2) former le composant horloger 1 comprenant ladite partie 3 obtenue à l'étape b2).
The invention also relates to a second method of manufacturing a watch component 1 as explained above. This method advantageously comprises according to the invention the following steps:
  • a2) providing an element, such as a bar, machinable by chip removal, said element being made of a non-magnetic copper alloy comprising by weight between 10% and 20% of Ni, between 6% and 12% of Sn, X% additional elements, where X is between 0 and 5, and the rest of Cu
  • b2) machining said element by chip removal to form at least a part 3 of said clock component 1
  • c2) forming the watch component 1 comprising said part 3 obtained in step b2).

Les alliages utilisés dans la présente invention sont durcissables par un traitement thermique dit de décomposition spinodale. Pour cela, l'élément usinable par enlèvement de copeaux doit subir les étapes suivantes de :

  • mise en solution
  • déformation à froid
  • traitement thermique de durcissement de décomposition spinodale (360°C-370°C pendant 2h à 4h.
The alloys used in the present invention are curable by a heat treatment called spinodal decomposition. For this purpose, the machinable chip removal element must undergo the following steps:
  • dissolution
  • cold deformation
  • Spinodal decomposition hardening heat treatment (360 ° C-370 ° C for 2h to 4h.

De ce fait, selon une première possibilité, l'élément usinable par enlèvement de copeaux utilisé dans la présente invention peut être utilisé à l'étape a1) ou a2) sous une forme intermédiaire dans laquelle il a seulement subi les étapes de mise en solution et de déformation à froid. L'étape c1) ou b2) d'usinage par enlèvement de copeaux s'effectue alors sur un élément usinable par enlèvement de copeaux relativement mou. Le traitement thermique de durcissement de décomposition spinodale est alors ensuite réalisé sur l'élément usiné.Therefore, according to a first possibility, the machinable chip removal element used in the present invention can be used in step a1) or a2) in an intermediate form in which it has only undergone the solution solution steps. and cold deformation. The chip machining step c1) or b2) is then performed on a relatively soft chip machining element. The spinodal decomposition hardening heat treatment is then performed on the machined element.

Selon une seconde possibilité, l'élément usinable par enlèvement de copeaux utilisé dans la présente invention peut être utilisé à l'étape a1) ou a2) sous sa forme finale dans laquelle il a subi les trois étapes de traitement, à savoir la mise en solution, la déformation à froid et le traitement thermique de durcissement de décomposition spinodale. L'étape c1) ou b2) d'usinage par enlèvement de copeaux s'effectue alors directement sur un élément usinable par enlèvement de copeaux dur, qui ne nécessite pas de traitement thermique de durcissement de décomposition spinodale ultérieur.According to a second possibility, the machinable chip removal element used in the present invention can be used in step a1) or a2) in its final form in which it has undergone the three treatment steps, namely solution dissolution, cold deformation and heat treatment of spinodal decomposition curing. The chip machining step c1) or b2) is then performed directly on a hard machinable machining member, which does not require a subsequent spinodal decomposition cure heat treatment.

Afin d'améliorer la dureté au moins de la partie 3, le procédé de l'invention peut comprendre avantageusement, selon une première variante, une étape d) de dépôt d'une couche de durcissement au moins sur une surface externe 5 de ladite partie usinée par enlèvement de copeaux 3. De préférence, l'étape d) peut consister en un dépôt par des procédés PVD, CVD, ALD, galvaniques, ou tout autre procédé approprié, d'une couche de TiN, diamant, DLC, Al2O3, Cr, Ni, NiP ou tout autre matériau approprié.In order to improve the hardness of at least part 3, the method of the invention may advantageously comprise, according to a first variant, a step d) of depositing a hardening layer at least on an external surface 5 of said portion 3. Preferably, step d) may consist of deposition by PVD, CVD, ALD, galvanic processes, or any other suitable method, of a TiN, diamond, DLC, Al 2 layer. O 3 , Cr, Ni, NiP or any other suitable material.

Afin d'améliorer la dureté au moins de la partie 3, le procédé de l'invention peut comprendre avantageusement, selon une deuxième variante, une étape e) de diffusion d'atomes selon une profondeur prédéterminée au moins dans une surface externe 5 de ladite partie 3 usinée par enlèvement de copeaux afin de durcir en profondeur le composant horloger 1 au niveau des zones de contraintes principales tout en gardant une ténacité élevée. La profondeur prédéterminée représente de préférence entre 5% et 40% du diamètre total d de ladite partie 3 usinée par enlèvement de copeaux.In order to improve the hardness of at least part 3, the process of the invention may advantageously comprise, according to a second variant, a step e) of diffusion of atoms at a predetermined depth at least in an external surface 5 of said Part 3 machined by chip removal in order to harden the watch component 1 in depth at the main stress zones while maintaining high toughness. The predetermined depth preferably represents between 5% and 40% of the total diameter d of said machined part 3 by chip removal.

Avantageusement selon l'invention, quel que soit le mode de réalisation choisi, le procédé peut être appliqué en vrac. Ainsi, l'étape e) peut consister en un traitement thermochimique de diffusion comme une boruration de plusieurs composants horlogers et/ou de plusieurs ébauches de composants horlogers. On comprend que l'étape e) peut consister à diffuser interstitiellement dans l'alliage de cuivre amagnétique 4, des atomes d'au moins un élément chimique, par exemple un non-métal comme de l'azote, de l'argon et/ou du bore. Enfin, avantageusement, les contraintes compressives du procédé améliorent la résistance à la fatigue et la tenue aux chocs.Advantageously according to the invention, whatever the embodiment chosen, the method can be applied in bulk. Thus, step e) may consist of a thermochemical diffusion treatment such as a boriding of several watch components and / or several blanks of watch components. It is understood that step e) may consist in interstitially diffusing in the non-magnetic copper alloy 4, atoms of at least one chemical element, for example a non-metal like nitrogen, argon and / or boron. Finally, advantageously, the compressive stresses of the process improve the fatigue resistance and the impact strength.

L'étape e) pourrait également consister en un processus d'implantation ionique suivi ou non d'un traitement thermique de diffusion. Cette variante possède l'avantage de ne pas limiter le type d'atomes diffusés et permettre une diffusion aussi bien interstitielle que substitutionnelle.Step e) could also consist of an ion implantation process followed or not by a diffusion heat treatment. This variant has the advantage of not limiting the type of diffused atoms and allowing a diffusion as well interstitial as substitutional.

Lorsque le traitement mis en oeuvre lors de l'étape e) est un processus d'implantation ionique, la profondeur de durcissement de la surface externe 5 peut avantageusement être augmentée à l'aide d'un traitement thermique effectué pendant ou après l'étape b) de traitement par implantation ionique.When the treatment implemented in step e) is an ion implantation process, the hardening depth of the outer surface 5 may advantageously be increased by means of a heat treatment carried out during or after the step b) ion implantation treatment.

Le procédé de l'invention peut également comprendre d'autres étapes de dépôt d'une couche autre qu'une couche de durcissement. Par exemple, le procédé de l'invention peut comprendre une étape de dépôt d'une couche de lubrification.The method of the invention may also include other steps of depositing a layer other than a curing layer. For example, the method of the invention may comprise a step of depositing a lubrication layer.

D'une manière avantageuse, au moins la partie 3 usinée par enlèvement de copeaux peut subir une opération de roulage/polissage après l'étape c1) ou b2) lorsqu'il n'est pas prévu de traitement complémentaire de durcissement, ou après l'étape d) ou e) en cas de traitement complémentaire de durcissement. De ce fait, au moins la surface externe 5 des parties 3 peut apparaitre roulée. Cette opération de roulage/polissage permet d'atteindre les dimensions et l'état de surface finaux désirés pour les parties 3, notamment dans le cas de pivots. Cette opération de roulage après traitement permet d'obtenir des composants horlogers présentant une résistance à l'usure et aux chocs améliorée par rapport à des composants horlogers dont les parties usinées par enlèvement de copeaux n'ont subi qu'une opération de durcissement.Advantageously, at least the chip-machined part 3 can undergo a rolling / polishing operation after step c1) or b2) when no further curing treatment is provided, or after step d) or e) in the case of additional curing treatment. As a result, at least the outer surface 5 of the parts 3 may appear rolled. This rolling / polishing operation makes it possible to reach the final dimensions and the final surface state desired for the parts 3, in particular in the case of pivots. This post-treatment rolling operation makes it possible to obtain watch components having improved wear and impact resistance compared to watch components whose machined parts have only undergone a hardening operation.

Le composant horloger selon l'invention peut comprendre des parties usinées par enlèvement de copeaux traitées selon l'invention et montées sur le corps du composant horloger ou être réalisé entièrement en alliage de cuivre amagnétique tel que défini ci-dessus selon l'un des procédés de l'invention. De plus, le traitement de durcissement selon l'étape d) ou e) peut être réalisé à la surface des parties usinées par enlèvement de copeaux ou sur la totalité des surfaces du composant horloger.The watch component according to the invention may comprise parts machined by chip removal treated according to the invention and mounted on the body of the watch component or be made entirely of non-magnetic copper alloy as defined above according to one of the methods of the invention. In addition, the curing treatment according to step d) or e) can be performed on the surface of the machined parts by chip removal or on all the surfaces of the watch component.

Le composant horloger selon l'invention peut être réalisé avantageusement par décolletage ou toute autre technique d'usinage par enlèvement de copeaux à partir de barres en alliage de cuivre amagnétique tel que défini ci-dessus, de diamètre de préférence inférieur à 3 mm, et préférentiellement inférieur à 2 mm. De telles barres n'existent pas dans le commerce actuellement et doivent être préparées spécifiquement, ce qui démontre que l'homme du métier se détournerait de l'idée à utiliser un alliage à base de cuivre amagnétique tel que défini ci-dessus pour former un composant horloger par décolletage ou toute autre technique d'usinage par enlèvement de copeaux), suivi éventuellement d'un roulage. Les alliages de cuivre sont connus de l'homme du métier pour être trop mous pour pouvoir être roulés et pour la tenue à l'usure en mouvement. Toutefois, l'utilisation de tels matériaux selon l'invention permet d'une manière surprenante et inattendue de réaliser des axes de pivotement permettant d'effectuer un roulage et d'atteindre une longévité satisfaisante en mouvement. Pour réaliser la présente invention, l'homme du métier a dû vaincre le préjugé à utiliser un alliage à base de cuivre pour réaliser un composant horloger de très faibles dimensions au moyen d'un procédé comprenant une étape de décolletage (ou toute autre technique d'usinage par enlèvement de copeaux) et éventuellement une étape de roulage.The watch component according to the invention can advantageously be produced by machining or any other machining technique by removing chips from non-magnetic copper alloy bars as defined above, with a diameter preferably of less than 3 mm, and preferably less than 2 mm. Such bars do not currently exist in commerce and must be specifically prepared, demonstrating that the skilled person would turn away from the idea of using a non-magnetic copper alloy as defined above to form a watchmaking component by bar turning or any other machining process), possibly followed by rolling. Copper alloys are known to those skilled in the art to be too soft to be rolled and for wear resistance in motion. However, the use of such materials according to the invention makes it possible in a surprising and unexpected manner to provide pivoting axes for rolling and achieving a satisfactory life in motion. In order to achieve the present invention, one skilled in the art has had to overcome the prejudice of using a copper-based alloy to make a very small clock component by a process including a bar turning step (or any other machining by chip removal) and possibly a rolling step.

Contre toute attente, le procédé de l'invention permet d'obtenir un composant horloger dont au moins les parties formées par décolletage (ou toute autre technique d'usinage par enlèvement de copeaux) et éventuellement par roulage à partir d'un alliage de cuivre amagnétique tel que défini ci-dessus.Against all expectations, the method of the invention makes it possible to obtain a watchmaking component including at least the parts formed by machining (or any other machining process by chip removal) and possibly by rolling from a non-magnetic copper alloy as defined above.

Bien entendu, la présente invention ne se limite pas à l'exemple illustré mais est susceptible de diverses variantes et modifications qui apparaîtront à l'homme de l'art. En particulier, il peut être envisagé de totalement ou quasi-totalement traiter les parties 3, c'est-à-dire traiter un pourcentage supérieur à 80% du diamètre d des parties 3 même si cela n'est pas nécessaire pour l'application à des composants horlogers tels que des axes de balanciers horlogers.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example but is susceptible of various variations and modifications that will occur to those skilled in the art. In particular, it can be envisaged to totally or almost totally treat the parts 3, that is to say treat a percentage greater than 80% of the diameter of the parts 3 even if this is not necessary for the application to watch components such as axes of watchmakers.

Claims (17)

Composant horloger (1) comprenant au moins une partie (3) usinée par enlèvement de copeaux, caractérisé en ce que ladite partie (3) est réalisée en un alliage de cuivre amagnétique afin de limiter sa sensibilité aux champs magnétiques, ledit alliage de cuivre comprenant en poids entre 10% et 20% de Ni, entre 6% et 12% de Sn, X% d'éléments additionnels, où X est compris entre 0 et 5, et le reste de Cu.Watch component (1) comprising at least one part (3) machined by chip removal, characterized in that said part (3) is made of a non-magnetic copper alloy in order to limit its sensitivity to magnetic fields, said copper alloy comprising by weight between 10% and 20% of Ni, between 6% and 12% of Sn, X% of additional elements, where X is between 0 and 5, and the remainder of Cu. Composant horloger (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit alliage de cuivre comprend du plomb, dans une quantité inférieure ou égale à 0.02% en poids.Watch component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said copper alloy comprises lead, in an amount less than or equal to 0.02% by weight. Composant horloger (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins la partie (3) usinée par enlèvement de copeaux comprend une couche de durcissement déposée sur une surface externe de ladite partie (3).Watch component (1) according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that at least the chip-machined part (3) comprises a hardening layer deposited on an outer surface of said part (3). Composant horloger (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une surface externe (5) de ladite partie (3) usinée par enlèvement de copeaux est durcie en profondeur par rapport au coeur du composant horloger (1) selon une profondeur prédéterminée.Watch component (1) according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that at least one outer surface (5) of said chip-machined part (3) is hardened in depth with respect to the heart of the watch component. (1) according to a predetermined depth. Composant horloger (1) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la profondeur prédéterminée représente entre 5% et 40% du diamètre total (d) de ladite partie usinée par enlèvement de copeaux (3).Watch component (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the predetermined depth is between 5% and 40% of the total diameter (d) of said machined part by chip removal (3). Composant horloger (1) selon l'une des revendications 4 et 5, caractérisé en ce que la surface externe (5) durcie en profondeur comporte des atomes diffusés d'au moins un élément chimique.Watch component (1) according to one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the outer surface (5) hardened in depth comprises diffused atoms of at least one chemical element. Composant horloger (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste en un axe de pivotement, la partie usinée par enlèvement de copeaux étant au moins un pivot, une vis, une tige de remontoir, un piton.Watch component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of a pivot axis, the machined part being at least a pivot, a screw, a winding stem, a pin. Mouvement pour pièce d'horlogerie, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un composant horloger (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes.Movement for a timepiece, characterized in that it comprises a timepiece component (1) according to one of the preceding claims. Procédé de fabrication d'un composant horloger (1) pour mouvement horloger comportant les étapes suivantes : a1) se munir d'un élément usinable par enlèvement de copeaux, ledit élément étant réalisé en un alliage de cuivre amagnétique comprenant en poids entre 10% et 20% de Ni, entre 6% et 12% de Sn, X% d'éléments additionnels, où X est compris entre 0 et 5, et le reste de Cu b1) former le composant horloger (1) c1) usiner par enlèvement de copeaux ledit composant horloger pour former au moins une partie (3) dudit composant horloger (1) usinée par enlèvement de copeaux et réalisée en ledit alliage de cuivre amagnétique. A method of manufacturing a watch component (1) for a watch movement comprising the following steps: a1) providing a machinable chip-removing element, said element being made of a non-magnetic copper alloy comprising, by weight, between 10% and 20% of Ni, between 6% and 12% of Sn, X% of elements additional, where X is between 0 and 5, and the remainder of Cu b1) forming the watch component (1) c1) chip machining said watch component to form at least a portion (3) of said machining component clockwise machined (1) made of said non-magnetic copper alloy. Procédé de fabrication d'un composant horloger (1) pour mouvement horloger comportant les étapes suivantes : a2) se munir d'un élément usinable par enlèvement de copeaux, ledit élément étant réalisé en un alliage de cuivre amagnétique comprenant en poids entre 10% et 20% de Ni, entre 6% et 12% de Sn, X% d'éléments additionnels, où X est compris entre 0 et 5, et le reste de Cu b2) usiner par enlèvement de copeaux ledit élément pour former au moins une partie (3) dudit composant horloger (1) c2) former le composant horloger (1) comprenant ladite partie (3) obtenue à l'étape b2). A method of manufacturing a watch component (1) for a watch movement comprising the following steps: a2) providing a machinable chip removal element, said element being made of a non-magnetic copper alloy comprising by weight between 10% and 20% of Ni, between 6% and 12% of Sn, X% of elements additional, where X is between 0 and 5, and the remainder of Cu b2) machining said element by chip removal to form at least a portion (3) of said clock component (1) c2) forming the watch component (1) comprising said part (3) obtained in step b2). Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 et 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape d) de dépôt d'une couche de durcissement au moins sur une surface externe (5) de ladite partie usinée par enlèvement de copeaux (3).Method according to one of claims 9 and 10, characterized in that it comprises a step d) of depositing a curing layer at least on an outer surface (5) of said machined part by removal of chips (3) . Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 et 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape e) de diffusion d'atomes selon une profondeur prédéterminée au moins dans une surface externe (5) de ladite partie (3) usinée par enlèvement de copeaux afin de durcir en profondeur le composant horloger (1) au niveau des zones de contraintes principales tout en gardant une ténacité élevée.Process according to one of Claims 9 and 10, characterized in that it comprises a step e) of diffusion of atoms at a predetermined depth at least into an external surface (5) of said machined part (3). chips in order to deepen the watch component (1) at the level of the main stress zones while keeping a high tenacity. Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la profondeur prédéterminée représente entre 5% et 40% du diamètre total (d) de ladite partie (3) usinée par enlèvement de copeaux.Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the predetermined depth is between 5% and 40% of the total diameter (d) of said machined part (3). Procédé selon l'une des revendications 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de diffusion comprend la diffusion d'atomes d'au moins un élément chimique.Process according to one of Claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the diffusion step comprises the diffusion of atoms of at least one chemical element. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 12 à 14, caractérisé en ce que l'étape e) consiste en un traitement thermochimique de diffusion.Process according to one of Claims 12 to 14, characterized in that step e) consists of a thermochemical diffusion treatment. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 12 à 14, caractérisé en ce que l'étape e) consiste en un processus d'implantation ionique suivi ou non d'un traitement de diffusion.Process according to one of Claims 12 to 14, characterized in that step e) consists of an ion implantation process followed or not by a diffusion treatment. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 16, caractérisé en ce que ladite partie (3) usinée par enlèvement de copeaux subit une opération de roulage/polissage après l'étape c1) ou b2) ou après l'étape d) ou e).Method according to one of claims 9 to 16, characterized in that said chip-machined part (3) undergoes a rolling / polishing operation after step c1) or b2) or after step d) or e ).
EP16180226.9A 2016-07-19 2016-07-19 Part for clock movement Active EP3273304B1 (en)

Priority Applications (21)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16180226.9A EP3273304B1 (en) 2016-07-19 2016-07-19 Part for clock movement
EP16190278.8A EP3273306A1 (en) 2016-07-19 2016-09-23 Part for clock movement
EP17157065.8A EP3273307A1 (en) 2016-07-19 2017-02-21 Part for clock movement
US15/652,283 US11237520B2 (en) 2016-07-19 2017-07-18 Component for a timepiece movement
RU2017125734A RU2767960C2 (en) 2016-07-19 2017-07-18 Clockwork component
JP2017138777A JP6591497B2 (en) 2016-07-19 2017-07-18 Components for watch movement
CN201710584247.6A CN107632510B (en) 2016-07-19 2017-07-18 Component for a timepiece movement
US15/652,288 US10761482B2 (en) 2016-07-19 2017-07-18 Component for a timepiece movement
RU2017125759A RU2752467C2 (en) 2016-07-19 2017-07-18 Clockwork mechanism component
CN201710584919.3A CN107632508B (en) 2016-07-19 2017-07-18 Component for a timepiece movement
US15/652,287 US11092932B2 (en) 2016-07-19 2017-07-18 Component for a timepiece movement
JP2017138776A JP6762275B2 (en) 2016-07-19 2017-07-18 Watch movement components
CN202110652156.8A CN113296382A (en) 2016-07-19 2017-07-18 Component for a timepiece movement
RU2017125745A RU2763382C2 (en) 2016-07-19 2017-07-18 Component for clockwork mechanism
CN201710584243.8A CN107632507B (en) 2016-07-19 2017-07-18 Component for a timepiece movement
JP2017138778A JP6591498B2 (en) 2016-07-19 2017-07-18 Components for watch movement
HK18107788.1A HK1248327A1 (en) 2016-07-19 2018-06-15 Component for a timepiece movement
HK18108135.9A HK1248836A1 (en) 2016-07-19 2018-06-25 Component for a timepiece movement
HK18108785.2A HK1249200A1 (en) 2016-07-19 2018-07-06 Component for a timepiece movement
JP2019118335A JP2019203899A (en) 2016-07-19 2019-06-26 Component for timepiece movement
JP2019118340A JP2019197061A (en) 2016-07-19 2019-06-26 Component for timepiece movement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP16180226.9A EP3273304B1 (en) 2016-07-19 2016-07-19 Part for clock movement

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EP3273304A1 true EP3273304A1 (en) 2018-01-24
EP3273304B1 EP3273304B1 (en) 2021-11-10

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EP (1) EP3273304B1 (en)
RU (2) RU2752467C2 (en)

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EP3885842A1 (en) 2020-03-26 2021-09-29 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Non-magnetic timepiece component with improved wear resistance

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WO2019145434A1 (en) 2018-01-26 2019-08-01 Richemont International Sa Pivoting pin of a regulator
EP3885842A1 (en) 2020-03-26 2021-09-29 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Non-magnetic timepiece component with improved wear resistance
US11762338B2 (en) 2020-03-26 2023-09-19 Nivarox-Far S.A. Non-magnetic watch component with improved wear resistance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US10761482B2 (en) 2020-09-01
RU2017125745A (en) 2019-01-18
RU2752467C2 (en) 2021-07-28
EP3273304B1 (en) 2021-11-10
RU2763382C2 (en) 2021-12-28
RU2017125759A3 (en) 2020-11-18
US20180024503A1 (en) 2018-01-25
RU2017125759A (en) 2019-01-21
RU2017125745A3 (en) 2020-11-16

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