EP3265732B1 - Méthode pour sécher des constructions - Google Patents

Méthode pour sécher des constructions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3265732B1
EP3265732B1 EP16711160.8A EP16711160A EP3265732B1 EP 3265732 B1 EP3265732 B1 EP 3265732B1 EP 16711160 A EP16711160 A EP 16711160A EP 3265732 B1 EP3265732 B1 EP 3265732B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
building layer
infrared radiator
accessible
temperature
layer
Prior art date
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Application number
EP16711160.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3265732A2 (fr
Inventor
Bertram Anderer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ires Infrarot Energiesysteme GmbH
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Ires Infrarot Energiesysteme GmbH
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Priority to PL16711160T priority Critical patent/PL3265732T3/pl
Publication of EP3265732A2 publication Critical patent/EP3265732A2/fr
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Publication of EP3265732B1 publication Critical patent/EP3265732B1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F26B3/30—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun from infrared-emitting elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/003—Small self-contained devices, e.g. portable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for drying buildings, in which an accessible building layer is heated in several iterations during a heating phase by means of an infrared heater directed at it, and then moisture from deeper building layers is drawn in during a rest phase.
  • Such a device is already from the DE 698 06 000 T3 previously known.
  • an infrared heater is provided, which is mounted in a housing and is placed with this housing at a point on the floor to be dried.
  • This floor area insofar as it lies below the infrared heater, is then periodically irradiated, while the air that is located inside the housing and is heated by the infrared heater over time and the moisture-absorbing air driven out of the building is removed with the aid of a suction device.
  • drying of a material to be dried is best carried out in such a way that it is first heated and the associated expulsion of moisture takes place for a certain time and then the irradiation with heat is exposed for a period of rest. During the rest period, the temperature in the building can equalize and the moisture can also be evenly distributed. The process is then repeated, so that the moisture that has then been drawn in is again removed in the second step until, in the end, more or less all of the moisture has been removed from the structure.
  • the above-mentioned document gives the ratio of radiation time to interruption time as "approximately 2: 4". This means that the radiation time and the interruption time are chosen more or less arbitrarily, which may represent a suitable solution for the building material in question on which the development of the invention was based. The user will therefore first of all set up the device and then decide on a setting for the radiation time and the interruption time based on his feeling.
  • Building drying is essentially about drying the more or less soaked parts of the building as quickly as possible and with as little energy as possible. In this respect, it seems sensible to optimize existing processes in order to achieve greater effectiveness.
  • air dehumidifiers which regularly only process the medium of the air to be dried and thus only indirectly reach the surface of the material concerned.
  • core moisture is not eliminated in this way, or only to a small extent, because a residue of residual moisture remains, which is unavoidable due to the insufficient energy expenditure on the drying wall. Due to flow blockages, especially in corners, for example in bay windows, etc., the air remains moist in these cases and the effect is reduced even further at these points. Larger and, above all, targeted energy inputs are required in order to achieve this core moisture and thus to bring about complete, ideal drying.
  • the wall loses a large part of its actual function, namely protection against wind and weather.
  • a wet or at least partially wet wall insulates much worse than a dry wall.
  • the drying can usually be carried out after the damage has occurred after removing wallpaper, wood paneling, plaster, etc. and the wall is thus in an ideal condition before the damage is removed. If, on the other hand, the drying is not carried out completely and the protective coverings are put back in place, then some of the core moisture that is still present can slowly pull in, especially in the case of time-shifted ideal conditions such as dry and warm air in the interior, thus leading to mold formation and damage to the protective cladding from the inside.
  • EP 0 997 378 A1 discloses a method for drying buildings, in which an accessible wall first experiences a number of heating phases by an infrared radiator and then, in a resting phase, moisture can be drawn in from a deeper layer of the wall.
  • the warm-up phases and rest phases are specified.
  • US 2014/302446 A1 discloses a method of curing a curable material.
  • the hardening is initiated by hardening parameters.
  • the curing parameters are based on the material data of the material. Temperature values are periodically recorded during the curing process.
  • the curing of the material is controlled based on the curing parameters and the measured temperature values.
  • the present invention is based on the object of creating a method for drying buildings which works much more efficiently and thereby achieves better drying both in a shorter time and with less energy consumption.
  • an infrared radiator is aimed at an accessible building layer and this is first heated for a heating phase. During a resting phase, the moisture can then pull in from deeper building layers.
  • the infrared heater is equipped with a control unit, which in turn is data-linked to a database.
  • the database contains material-specific data records which, depending on the material selected, specify at least one heating time during which the infrared radiator should irradiate the building layer and at least one rest period during which the building layer should not be irradiated.
  • the moisture can easily escape on the side facing the infrared heater.
  • the wall surface also cools there, because the further heat input is temporarily stopped and the evaporation cold on the surface ensures a heat difference directed from the inside to the outside, which supports the drawing in of the moisture.
  • the time that the respective building material needs to heat an effective layer varies and depends on the material.
  • the ideal value of the heating time provides the best drying times with the lowest possible energy input and thus sets the basis for the best trailing effects. It is also necessary to choose a suitable rest period. The determination of these times and, if necessary, the intensity of the respective energy input is the subject of continuous research and empirical values from which the aforementioned database is fed.
  • the next step is to determine the correct rest time in which the moisture from the inside of the material can follow. Due to the solid barriers, porosities and capillary effects, each type of material has different times in which it allows the moisture from the inside to move into the drier, accessible building layer to the outside.
  • the dry outer layer absorbs the moisture from the inside in a similar way as a sponge absorbs water, whereby the moisture and the temperature throughout the material strive to spread evenly.
  • the control device of the infrared heater now essentially takes over the heating time and the rest time stored there from the database and will irradiate an accessible building layer while observing these times.
  • the material-specific data record can also be assigned a nominal power consumption with which the infrared heater is operated during the heating time. Accordingly, the control unit will specify a corresponding target power consumption and limit the heating power accordingly for the infrared heater as required.
  • the surface temperature of the accessible building layer can with some advantage also be recorded with the help of a temperature sensor of the infrared heater, so that not only the emitted power is in the foreground, but rather the power that also arrives in the structure.
  • a predetermined temperature of the accessible building layer can be aimed for, so that in the end a control is set up in the control device that maintains the desired temperature on the surface of the accessible building layer over time.
  • a target temperature profile can also be specified in the material-specific data record, which provides for an adjustment of the target temperature over time.
  • the control device will adapt to the target temperature curve in question over time and switch the infrared heater on and off in such a way that the surface temperature of the accessible building layer follows the target temperature curve.
  • the accessible building layer can be irradiated with a defined Performance characteristics of an irradiation, a measurement of the temperature profile on the surface is carried out permanently with the aid of a temperature sensor. Since the temperature develops characteristically with a fixed input power of the infrared heater in different building materials, a conclusion about the material used can be drawn from such a temperature profile, so that the selection of the material-specific data set automatically by the system, in particular by the Control unit, can be done. This anticipates an arbitrary selection of a material data record by a user, so that operating errors can be avoided at this point.
  • the prescribed method in such a way that the information that initially came from the database is determined directly in the control unit or an evaluation device provided for this purpose on the basis of predetermined arithmetic operations after such a test measurement.
  • the various process operations as described above can optionally be followed, that is to say a fixed setpoint power consumption, temperature control or temperature profile control can be used.
  • the heated air will be discharged with some advantage, the heated air being discharged by convection or with the aid of a flow machine.
  • the convection can be increased, for example, in that the infrared radiator is positioned at an angle opposite the accessible building layer, so that an upper edge of the infrared radiator is closer to the accessible building layer than a lower edge. In this case, there will be a chimney effect which accelerates the heated air upwards and thus quickly removes it from the heated area.
  • the discharged air can be guided along an air guiding device, which additionally has a cooling device, so that the moisture from the air will at least partially condense on the cooled air guiding device.
  • the resulting condensate can then be collected in a collecting tank and thus removed from the system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the drying process according to the present invention, the elapsing time being plotted on the longitudinal axis, the relative humidity 3, the moisture loss 4 of the wall and the energy radiation 5 hitting the wall via the infrared heater on the vertical axis.
  • the energy radiation 5 swings quickly to a value after switching on and maintains this for as long as the infrared radiator is switched on.
  • the heating-up phase 1 the energy radiation 5 increases linearly and will remain constant at zero again in the subsequent rest phase 2.
  • a first heating phase 1 it can be determined that, on the one hand, the moisture 4 contained in the wall initially drops sharply in order to remain approximately constant in a first rest phase 2.
  • the end of the heating phase 1 and the duration of the resting phase 2 are each selected so that a given, material-dependent ideal value of the relative humidity 3 is achieved with as little power as possible in the shortest possible time.
  • a method for drying buildings is thus described above, in which a material-specific heating time and a material-specific rest time are specified in order to achieve the most effective drying possible with the aid of an infrared heater.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de séchage de constructions, dans lequel en plusieurs itérations, d'abord, pendant une phase de chauffage (1), une strate de construction accessible est chauffée au moyen d'un radiateur infrarouge dirigée sur celle-ci et ensuite, pendant une phase de repos (2), traîne de l'humidité depuis les strates de construction plus profondes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'au radiateur infrarouge est associé un appareil de commande possédant une liaison de données avec une base de données, lequel détermine, sur la base d'une sélection d'un bloc de données spécifique au matériau dans la base de données, au moins une période de chauffage durant laquelle le radiateur infrarouge doit irradier la strate de construction et au moins une période de repos pendant laquelle la strate de construction ne doit pas être irradiée, et
    en ce que la sélection du bloc de données spécifique s'effectue de telle sorte que, dans une étape en amont, une irradiation de la strate de construction accessible s'effectue à l'aide d'un radiateur infrarouge avec une caractéristique de puissance définie et une mesure de la courbe de température à la surface de la strate de construction accessible est mise en œuvre au moyen d'un capteur de température, un dispositif d'exploitation saisit la proportion de la puissance et de la température au cours du temps et sélectionne le bloc de données spécifique au matériau à l'aide de cette courbe et/ou d'un paramètre en dérivant.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'exploitation comprend en outre une puissance consommée de consigne, avec laquelle le radiateur infrarouge fonctionne pendant la période de chauffage.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'exploitation comprend en outre une température de consigne de la strate de construction accessible et l'appareil de commande allume et éteint, pendant la phase de chauffage (1), le radiateur infrarouge pour la période de chauffage de telle sorte qu'une température de surface de la strate de construction accessible saisie au moyen du capteur de température suit la température de consigne.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'exploitation comprend une courbe de température de consigne sur la strate de construction accessible au cours du temps, dans lequel le dispositif d'exploitation saisit un température de surface de la strate de construction accessible au moyen d'un capteur de température et allume et éteint le radiateur infrarouge de telle sorte que la température de surface de la strate de construction accessible suit la courbe de température de consigne.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'air se trouvant entre le radiateur infrarouge et la strate de construction accessible est évacué.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'air est évacué au moyen d'une turbomachine.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le radiateur infrarouge est disposé en diagonale par rapport à la strate de construction accessible de telle sorte qu'un bord supérieur du radiateur infrarouge est situé plus près de la strate de construction accessible qu'un bord inférieur, et l'air est ainsi évacué au moyen de l'effet de cheminée.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'air évacué est dérivé et refroidi à l'aide d'un moyen de guidage d'air, le condensat engendré étant recueilli dans un réservoir collecteur.
EP16711160.8A 2015-03-06 2016-03-07 Méthode pour sécher des constructions Active EP3265732B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16711160T PL3265732T3 (pl) 2015-03-06 2016-03-07 Sposób suszenia budowli

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015103351.8A DE102015103351A1 (de) 2015-03-06 2015-03-06 Verfahren zur Trocknung von Bauwerken
PCT/EP2016/054813 WO2016142347A2 (fr) 2015-03-06 2016-03-07 Procédé de séchage de bâtiments

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3265732A2 EP3265732A2 (fr) 2018-01-10
EP3265732B1 true EP3265732B1 (fr) 2021-05-05

Family

ID=55588219

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16711160.8A Active EP3265732B1 (fr) 2015-03-06 2016-03-07 Méthode pour sécher des constructions

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3265732B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107873067B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015103351A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL3265732T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016142347A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202017101995U1 (de) * 2017-04-04 2017-05-02 IRES Infrarot Energie Systeme GmbH Vorrichtung zur Trocknung von Bauwerken
HRP20220423T1 (hr) * 2018-11-24 2022-05-27 Sprint Sanierung Gmbh Upravljački uređaj za izvođenje postupka za sušenje prostora koji se treba osušiti u građevini, kao i postupak

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE882376C (de) * 1950-03-14 1954-03-08 Franz Hajek Waermebehandlung, insbesondere Trocknung, von Gebaeudeteilen
DE3707002C1 (en) * 1987-03-05 1988-07-21 Nickel Heinrich Process for preventing water from melted ice from being precipitated on internal surface areas on external parts of buildings and devices for carrying out the process
FI905484A (fi) * 1990-11-05 1992-05-06 Rakennustoimisto Jukka Napari Torkningsfoerfarande och -anordning.
FI105950B (fi) * 1997-04-09 2000-10-31 Antero Klemetti Menetelmä ja laite kosteuden ja/tai homeen poistamiseksi rakenteesta
FR2837211B1 (fr) * 2002-03-14 2004-05-21 Sunaero Procede de reparation de reservoirs
US6852183B2 (en) * 2002-03-14 2005-02-08 Sunaero Method of sealing a hollow structure, for example a fuel tank for an aircraft
JP2004044958A (ja) * 2002-07-15 2004-02-12 Kyoto Kikai Kk ガス赤外線バーナーの表面温度制御装置
US20080090193A1 (en) * 2006-10-11 2008-04-17 Soanes Frederick A Apparatus for heat treatment of materials and process for real time controlling of a heat treatment process
DK2281960T3 (da) * 2008-04-23 2021-09-20 FUTAEDA Inc. System til regulering af indeklimaet
US8693855B2 (en) * 2009-05-07 2014-04-08 Cambridge Engineering, Inc Infra-red heater assembly
US9631870B2 (en) * 2013-04-03 2017-04-25 The Boeing Company Cure control for curable materials
CN203810641U (zh) * 2013-09-29 2014-09-03 中铁电气化局集团北京建筑工程有限公司武昌分公司 一种大空间建筑温度控制装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107873067A (zh) 2018-04-03
WO2016142347A2 (fr) 2016-09-15
WO2016142347A3 (fr) 2016-11-03
DE102015103351A1 (de) 2016-09-08
EP3265732A2 (fr) 2018-01-10
PL3265732T3 (pl) 2021-11-08
CN107873067B (zh) 2020-01-03
WO2016142347A4 (fr) 2016-12-29

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