EP3265006A1 - Elektrochirurgie-generator - Google Patents
Elektrochirurgie-generatorInfo
- Publication number
- EP3265006A1 EP3265006A1 EP16707781.7A EP16707781A EP3265006A1 EP 3265006 A1 EP3265006 A1 EP 3265006A1 EP 16707781 A EP16707781 A EP 16707781A EP 3265006 A1 EP3265006 A1 EP 3265006A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- resonant circuit
- circuit
- detector
- slope
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
- A61B2018/1246—Generators therefor characterised by the output polarity
- A61B2018/126—Generators therefor characterised by the output polarity bipolar
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
- A61B2018/1286—Generators therefor having a specific transformer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/4815—Resonant converters
- H02M7/4818—Resonant converters with means for adaptation of resonance frequency, e.g. by modification of capacitance or inductance of resonance circuits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrosurgery generator to which an electrosurgical instrument can be connected or connected.
- Such electrosurgical generators typically include a resonant circuit and an output transformer, as well as a DC power supply unit for feeding the resonant circuit. It is important that the resonant circuit is clocked so fed with DC pulses, that the feeding of the DC pulses takes place synchronously to the voltage curve of the voltages in the resonant circuit.
- the DC pulses are generated at a fixed frequency and fed into the resonant circuit. This frequency should correspond to the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit at a given load. Therefore, such a DC power supply unit and the resonant circuit may need to be manually tuned to one another and under certain circumstances also retuned later.
- the excitation frequency can only coincide with the resonant frequency if the actual load is equal to the given load because the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit also changes as the load changes. This means that when changing the load, the excitation frequency no longer corresponds to the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit. This can lead to power losses and signal distortion.
- the invention has for its object to provide an electrosurgery generator, which realizes a synchronization of DC pulses as control pulses for exciting the resonant circuit with the resonant frequency.
- an electrosurgery generator which has a high-voltage direct-current power supply unit and a resonant circuit connected thereto.
- the resonant circuit has an output transformer whose primary winding is part of the resonant circuit and whose secondary winding is connected to terminals for an electrosurgical instrument.
- the resonant circuit is also connected to a drive circuit which is designed to indicate periodically drive pulses for exciting the resonant circuit with its resonant frequency.
- the drive circuit comprises a synchronization unit which is connected to the resonant circuit, comprises at least one gradient detector and is designed to synchronize drive pulses with a reversal point of the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit.
- the synchronization unit is designed to determine a respective reversal point of the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit by means of the gradient detector.
- the slope detector is designed to detect a change in the slope direction of the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit and output a synchronization signal, which causes the drive circuit to trigger a drive pulse for the resonant circuit.
- Such an electrosurgery generator makes manual tuning of the high-voltage direct current supply unit to the oscillating circuit superfluous because the output of the actuation pulses by the synchronization unit is automatically synchronized with the voltage profile of the voltages in the resonant circuit.
- the gradient detector has a differentiating circuit, which is designed to generate a derivative signal that corresponds to the derivative of the voltage profile of the voltage in the resonant circuit.
- the differentiating circuit is preferably connected to a zero-crossing detector, which is designed to detect a respective zero crossing of the derivative signal and then to trigger the synchronization signal.
- a zero crossing of the derivative signal corresponds to a change of the slope direction of the voltage profile of the voltage in the resonant circuit, so that the generated by the zero crossing detector synchronization signal is carried out regularly on the detection of a reversal point of the voltage waveform of the voltages in the resonant circuit out.
- the slope detector is preferably designed to scan the voltage profile of the frequency in the resonant circuit with a fixed sampling rate, which is a multiple of the frequency of the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit, and to compare successive, sampled voltage values with one another.
- the gradient detector is preferably designed to carry out the comparison of the respective successive sampled voltage values by subtraction and to trigger the synchronization signal when the sign of the difference changes.
- an electrosurgery generator in which the slope detector comprises a vibration passage detector, which is designed to detect a zero crossing of the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit.
- the synchronization unit is preferably designed to determine a respective reversal point of the voltage profile of the voltages in the resonant circuit by means of the zero-crossing detector and the slope detector and to output the synchronization signal.
- the gradient detector is designed to scan the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit at a sampling rate
- the differentiating circuit preferably has a differential amplifier which is connected as a differentiating element by means of an RC element and to which the voltage u in the oscillating circuit is fed as an input signal and which supplies the derivative signal as an output signal
- FIG. 3 shows an illustration of a vibration representing the voltage curve of the voltages in the oscillatory circuit, and shows therein the synchronization times for the drive pulses;
- FIG. 4 shows a flowchart for illustrating a possible mode of operation of a synchronization unit according to the invention for an electrosurgery generator according to the invention
- FIG. 6 shows a section of a voltage curve and an illustration of different gradients thereof
- FIG. 7 shows components of an embodiment variant of a synchronization unit according to the invention for determining a respective gradient of the voltage profile by subtraction of sample values
- Fig. 8 is an illustration of a differentiating element for a differentiating circuit as
- FIG. 9 shows a schematic representation of the main components of a first variant of a synchronization unit; and a schematic representation of the most important components of a second variant of the synchronization unit.
- Fig. 1 shows the essential components of an electrosurgical generator 10 with two terminals 12 and 14, to which an electrosurgical instrument can be connected or permanently connected.
- the electrosurgical generator 10 is designed to provide at the terminals 12 and 14 a high-frequency alternating voltage which is suitable, for example, for coagulation, ablation or for the electrosurgical cutting of body tissue.
- the electrosurgical generator 10 comprises a high-voltage direct current power supply unit 16, a resonant circuit 18 and an output transformer 20.
- the output transformer has a primary winding 22 and a secondary winding 24.
- the primary winding 22 together with a capacitor 26 forms the resonant circuit 18.
- the primary winding 22 of the output transformer 20 is simultaneously a coil in the resonant circuit 18.
- the terminals 12 and 14 are connected to the secondary winding 24 of the output transformer 20.
- the secondary winding 24 may under certain circumstances have several taps, so that the terminals 12 and / or 14 may possibly be connected to the secondary winding 24 by means of a switch or a switching matrix with respectively suitable taps in order to provide different output voltages.
- the electrosurgery generator 10 has a drive circuit 30, which is connected to the high-voltage direct-current power supply unit 16 and the resonant circuit 18 and is designed to periodically output drive pulses for exciting the resonant circuit 18 with its resonant frequency.
- the drive circuit 30 has a switch 32, which can be realized by any suitable electrical component, for example a transistor.
- a synchronization unit 34 is provided, which is connected to the resonant circuit 18 to tap the voltage u in the resonant circuit 18 and generate and output a synchronization signal sync in dependence on the voltage curve of this voltage u and with this synchronization signal sync the switch 32 to control so that it closes controlled by the synchronization signal sync and so feeds a respective drive pulse into the resonant circuit 18.
- FIG. 2 shows an alternative variant of an electrosurgical generator 10 ', which differs from the electrosurgical generator 10 of FIG. 1 in that the oscillating circuit 18' has, in addition to a capacitor 26, a resonant circuit coil 28, which in the illustrated exemplary embodiment the primary winding 22 of the output transformer 20 is connected in series, so that the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit 18 'of the oscillating circuit coil 28, the primary winding 22 and the capacitor (the capacitor) 26 is determined. Except for details of the grounding, the structure of electrosurgical Incidentally, the generator 10 'is similar to the structure of the electrosurgical generator 10 of FIG. 1.
- the drive pulses are triggered synchronously with a respective positive or negative maximum of the AC voltage in the resonant circuit 18.
- a respective positive or negative maximum of the AC voltage the slope of the voltage waveform of the AC voltage is 0; the voltage curve reverses there, that is, the drive pulses are to be synchronized with a respective (positive or negative) reversal point 42 of the voltage curve 40. This is illustrated in FIG.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a variant of how the synchronization unit 34 detects a respective reversal point 42 of the voltage curve 40 of the voltage in the oscillatory circuit 18 and then generates a respective synchronization signal.
- the process illustrated in FIG. 4 is triggered to generate a synchronization signal and generate a drive pulse as a follow-up pulse to a preceding drive pulse by a first drive pulse (start pulse) 52.
- Start pulse 52 is used to start a zero vibration detector 54 which is designed to generate either a positive drive pulse or to detect a negative zero crossing of the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit.
- the vibration zero crossing detector 54 is designed to detect a zero crossing from positive to negative (negative zero crossing) of the voltage curve of the voltage of the oscillating circuit 18. If such a zero crossing is detected, the zero-crossing detector 54 produces an output signal (yes).
- a slope detector 58 detects a respective slope of the voltage waveform of the voltage in the resonant circuit 18 and checks (step 60) whether this slope is less than zero. If so, the slope detector 58 then waits (step 62) until the slope is zero. As soon as this is the case, there is a reversal point of the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit 18 and a synchronization signal (yes) is triggered and a sequence pulse (64) is triggered.
- a zero oscillation of the oscillation is determined by means of a zero-crossing signal detector 54. Since the synchronization signal and thus the next drive pulse (sequence pulse 64) to the "lower" reversal point (270 °) of the voltage waveform from the voltage in the resonant circuit 18 is to take place, the However, sinusoidal voltage waveform has two zero-crossings, is checked in parallel or subsequently by the slope detector 58 in a step 60, whether the slope of the voltage waveform is negative.
- step 62 it is then waited in a step 62 until the next reversal point of the voltage curve of the voltage is reached in the resonant circuit 18, to which the next drive pulse (sequence pulse) is to be triggered.
- This reversal point is determined in step 62 by checking when the slope of the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit 18 is zero. If this is the case, in step 64, the synchronization signal and thus the next drive pulse can be triggered as a follow-up pulse. Then the process can start again.
- the slope detector 58 can determine the slope 70 of the sinusoidal voltage waveform from adjacent samples (voltage values) 72.1 and 72.2.
- the successive voltage values 72.1 and 72.2 have a time interval ⁇ and, if the instantaneous slope of the voltage profile is not zero, a difference ⁇ .
- the slope of the m t tangent 70 in the voltage curve 40 represents the instantaneous slope of the voltage profile.
- the slope m t of the tangent 70 corresponds to the slope of a secant through the points PO and P1, which can be determined from the samples 72.1 and 72.2 and at a constant ⁇ (ie constant sampling rate ) is described by the difference ⁇ of the samples.
- the accuracy of the tangent slope m t depends on how small ⁇ is.
- FIG. 6 illustrates how the slope can be described solely by a respective ⁇ if ⁇ is always constant.
- the scheme for determining ⁇ is shown as a measure of the slope m t .
- a current sample value 82 with a preceding sample value 84 is added to a differential amplifier 86. This forms the difference between a respective current sample and a respective previous sample.
- the voltage in the output of the differential amplifier 86 corresponds to this difference. If the voltage in the output of the differential amplifier 86 is equal to zero, this means that the slope of the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit 18 has reached a vertex and thus a reversal point.
- the reversal point of the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit 18 can thus be determined by comparing the successive samples (voltage values) of the voltage in the resonant circuit and a synchronization signal can be generated if this difference is zero, falls below a threshold value close to zero or if between two successively determined differences whose sign changes.
- the slope of the voltage curve 40 of the voltage in the resonant circuit 18 can be formed by forming the time derivative of the voltage profile.
- a measure of the slopes of a sinusoid is known to be its cosine:
- Fig. 8 it is shown that the sinusoidal voltage in the resonant circuit 18 as input voltage U e of a differentiating circuit 90 can be supplied to the output then a voltage U a is applied, the course of the time derivative of the voltage waveform 40 of the voltage in the resonant circuit 18 and thus forms a derivative signal.
- the differentiating circuit 90 has a differential amplifier 92 whose non-inverted input is connected to ground in the embodiment.
- the inventoried input of the differential amplifier 92 is preceded by a capacitor 94 and parallel to the difference amplifier 92, an ohmic resistor 96 is connected between the inventing input of the differential amplifier 92 and its output.
- the capacitor 94 and the ohmic resistor 96 form an RC element, which is to be tuned to the expected frequency range, ie the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit.
- the output voltage U a of the differentiating circuit 90 is zero when the input voltage U e and thus the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit 18 reaches the maximum value or the minimum value.
- the differentiating circuit 90 has an influence on the amplitude of the output voltage U a at the output of the differential amplifier 92. As a result, the output voltage U a may not reach its expected maximum amplitude. However, since it depends on the detection of the reversal points of the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit 18, the maximum value of the output voltage U a of the differentiating circuit 90 is not important, because the output voltage U a is zero in the reversal points of the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit 18.
- the differentiating circuit 90 which generates the synchronization signal at each (either positive or negative) zero crossing of the output voltage U a .
- the differentiating circuit 90 and such zero crossing detector 98 thus constitute a vertex detector 100. This is illustrated in FIG.
- FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of a synchronization unit 34 which has a vertex detector 100 which is formed by a differentiating circuit 90 and a zero-crossing detector 98 connected downstream of it.
- the synchronization unit 34 'can have, in addition to the vertex detector 100, an oscillation zero crossing detector 102 upstream of it, whose input signal is the voltage or the voltage profile of the voltage in the resonant circuit 18 and the one passage of the voltage profile the voltage in the resonant circuit 18 of positive to negative values (negative zero crossing) detected and then outputs an output signal.
- This output signal is fed to a frequency detector 104 and to a switch 108 which is connected upstream of the vertex detector 100 and its differentiating circuit 90.
- the switch 108 At a respective negative zero crossing of the voltage waveform of the voltage in the resonant circuit 18, the switch 108 is closed by the output signal of the zero oscillation detector 102 and thus the voltage in the resonant circuit 18 is supplied to the input of the differentiating circuit 90.
- the operation of the synchronization unit 34 'in FIG. 10 thus corresponds exactly to the procedure illustrated in FIG. 4.
- the output value of the synchronization unit 34 'from FIG. 10 is thus the voltage u in the resonant circuit 18.
- Output values of the synchronization unit 34' are not only the synchronization signal sync but also a signal f representing the frequency of the voltage curve of the voltage in the resonant circuit 18. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
- Oscillator I Idle-up detector 54, 102
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015204127.1A DE102015204127A1 (de) | 2015-03-06 | 2015-03-06 | Elektrochirurgie-Generator |
| PCT/EP2016/054544 WO2016142266A1 (de) | 2015-03-06 | 2016-03-03 | Elektrochirurgie-generator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3265006A1 true EP3265006A1 (de) | 2018-01-10 |
Family
ID=55453182
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16707781.7A Withdrawn EP3265006A1 (de) | 2015-03-06 | 2016-03-03 | Elektrochirurgie-generator |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10588685B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3265006A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP6639516B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN107249493B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102015204127A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2016142266A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116999153A (zh) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-11-07 | 上海理工大学 | 一种纳米刀控制结构 |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017112684A1 (de) * | 2017-06-08 | 2018-12-13 | Olympus Winter & Ibe Gmbh | Elektrochirurgie-Generator |
| DE102018116771A1 (de) * | 2018-07-11 | 2020-01-16 | Olympus Winter & Ibe Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines elektrochirurgischen Systems und Ultraschallgenerator |
| PL4124310T3 (pl) | 2021-07-26 | 2024-02-19 | Erbe Elektromedizin Gmbh | Generator z odzyskiwaniem energii |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4888821A (en) * | 1988-12-09 | 1989-12-19 | Honeywell Inc. | Synchronization circuit for a resonant flyback high voltage supply |
| GB9314391D0 (en) | 1993-07-12 | 1993-08-25 | Gyrus Medical Ltd | A radio frequency oscillator and an electrosurgical generator incorporating such an oscillator |
| GB9913652D0 (en) * | 1999-06-11 | 1999-08-11 | Gyrus Medical Ltd | An electrosurgical generator |
| US7799020B2 (en) | 2006-10-02 | 2010-09-21 | Conmed Corporation | Near-instantaneous responsive closed loop control electrosurgical generator and method |
| DE102007051097A1 (de) | 2007-10-24 | 2009-04-30 | Celon Ag Medical Instruments | HF-Chirurgiegerät und Verfahren für ein HF-Chirurgiegerät |
| DE102008039884A1 (de) * | 2008-08-27 | 2010-03-04 | Erbe Elektromedizin Gmbh | Elektrochirurgischer HF-Generator |
| GB2480498A (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2011-11-23 | Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc | Medical device comprising RF circuitry |
| US9039694B2 (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2015-05-26 | Just Right Surgical, Llc | RF generator system for surgical vessel sealing |
| US10842563B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2020-11-24 | Covidien Lp | System and method for power control of electrosurgical resonant inverters |
| US10729484B2 (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2020-08-04 | Covidien Lp | Electrosurgical generator with continuously and arbitrarily variable crest factor |
-
2015
- 2015-03-06 DE DE102015204127.1A patent/DE102015204127A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-03-03 EP EP16707781.7A patent/EP3265006A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-03-03 CN CN201680011087.XA patent/CN107249493B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-03-03 US US15/556,184 patent/US10588685B2/en active Active
- 2016-03-03 JP JP2017546943A patent/JP6639516B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-03-03 WO PCT/EP2016/054544 patent/WO2016142266A1/de not_active Ceased
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116999153A (zh) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-11-07 | 上海理工大学 | 一种纳米刀控制结构 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2018515154A (ja) | 2018-06-14 |
| JP6639516B2 (ja) | 2020-02-05 |
| CN107249493A (zh) | 2017-10-13 |
| WO2016142266A1 (de) | 2016-09-15 |
| DE102015204127A1 (de) | 2016-09-08 |
| CN107249493B (zh) | 2020-06-12 |
| US10588685B2 (en) | 2020-03-17 |
| US20180042660A1 (en) | 2018-02-15 |
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