EP3264431A1 - Bistabiler linearer elektromagnet - Google Patents

Bistabiler linearer elektromagnet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3264431A1
EP3264431A1 EP17178534.8A EP17178534A EP3264431A1 EP 3264431 A1 EP3264431 A1 EP 3264431A1 EP 17178534 A EP17178534 A EP 17178534A EP 3264431 A1 EP3264431 A1 EP 3264431A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
shuttle
coil
wall
electromagnet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17178534.8A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3264431B1 (de
Inventor
Guillaume Durand
Steve Coustenoble
Laurent MONSAINT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Landing Systems SAS
Original Assignee
Safran Landing Systems SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3264431A1 publication Critical patent/EP3264431A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3264431B1 publication Critical patent/EP3264431B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1872—Bistable or bidirectional current devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/17—Pivoting and rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1669—Armatures actuated by current pulse, e.g. bistable actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1684—Armature position measurement using coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1692—Electromagnets or actuators with two coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1844—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H01F2007/185—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits with armature position measurement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of monitoring the position of the rod of a bistable linear electromagnet.
  • a braking architecture for an aircraft wheel comprising a brake provided with at least one hydraulic brake wheel actuator, a pressure source capable of delivering a hydraulic fluid under high pressure, a normal braking hydraulic circuit and a hydraulic circuit of park.
  • the park hydraulic circuit conventionally comprises a park valve having an output port adapted to be selectively connected to either the pressure source or a low pressure return circuit relative to said high pressure.
  • the park valve is conventionally operated by a linear electromagnet comprising a rod sliding between an extended position and a retracted position.
  • the monitoring of the position of the rod is generally carried out by means of a pressure sensor which measures the pressure in the hydraulic circuit of the park.
  • the pressure sensor is bulky, heavy and expensive. It has been envisaged to monitor the position of the rod by integrating a position sensor directly on the rod. However, the presence of hydraulic fluid in the rod environment prevents such integration. In addition, the short stroke of the rod would probably not accurately detect the position of the rod in the most unfavorable configurations (temperature drift, rib chains, dilations, etc.).
  • the object of the invention is to provide a monitoring of the position of the rod of an electromagnet which does not have the disadvantages previously cited.
  • a linear bistable electromagnet comprising a hollow body having walls defining a first housing and a second housing aligned along an axis, a movable armature comprising a rod connected to a shuttle mounted slidably in the hollow body along the X axis between a first end position in which it abuts against a stop wall of the first housing and a second end position in which it abuts against a stop wall of the second housing, and a first positioned coil in the first housing and a second coil positioned in the second housing so that the shuttle slides toward the first extreme position when a first current flows in the first coil and in the second coil, and so that the shuttle slides towards the second extreme position when a second current flows in the first coil and in the second coil .
  • a cavity is formed in a measuring wall of one of the first housing or second housing, and the electromagnet comprises a magnetic field sensor positioned in the cavity and intended to measure a magnetic flux prevailing in a magnetic path formed by the walls of said first housing or second housing and by the shuttle to detect that the shuttle is moved towards or away from the abutment wall of said first housing or second housing.
  • the monitoring of the position of the rod of the electromagnet according to the invention is therefore performed by the magnetic field sensor integrated in the measuring wall of the hollow body of the electromagnet. This monitoring is done by means of space saving, light and inexpensive.
  • the field sensor magnet positioned in the cavity in the measuring wall is easily positioned in an environment free of hydraulic fluid.
  • the monitoring of the position of the rod by measuring the magnetic flux makes this robust monitoring including in case of adverse mechanical and thermal configurations of the rod.
  • the electromagnet according to the invention 1 is a linear electromagnet which comprises a hollow body 2 having a cylindrical outer shape of circular section and having a longitudinal axis X axis.
  • the hollow body 2 comprises a plurality of walls, among which a main wall 3 having a cylindrical surface having the X axis as its longitudinal axis, a first end wall 4 forming a first face of the hollow body 2, a second wall of end 5 forming a second face of the hollow body 2, a central wall 6 parallel to the first end wall 4 and the second end wall 5 and equidistant from the first end wall 4 and the second end wall 5, and a first abutment wall 7 and a second abutment wall 8.
  • the first abutment wall 7, which has an annular shape having its axis longitudinal X axis extends from the first end wall 4 inwardly of the hollow body 2.
  • the second abutment wall 8 which has an annular shape having the longitudinal axis X axis, extends from the second end wall 5 towards the inside of the hollow body 2.
  • the main wall 3, the first end wall 4, the first abutment wall 7 and the central wall 6 define a first housing 10 in the hollow body 2.
  • the main wall 3, the second end wall 5, the second abutment wall 8 and the central wall 6 define a second housing 11 in the hollow body 2.
  • the hollow body 2 (and therefore all of the walls that have just been mentioned) is manufactured here in martensitic stainless steel.
  • the martensitic stainless steel used is in this case a stainless steel type X30Cr13.
  • a permanent magnet 12, of annular shape, extends from the central wall 6 towards the axis X.
  • the central wall 6 and the permanent magnet 12 separate the first housing 10 and the second housing 11.
  • the permanent magnet 12 is here a neodymium magnet manufactured in SmCo5.
  • the first housing 10 comprises a first main coil 13 and a first auxiliary coil 14.
  • the second housing 11 comprises a second main coil 15 and a second auxiliary coil 16.
  • the first main coil 13 and the second main coil 15 are connected in series.
  • the first auxiliary coil 14 and the second auxiliary coil 16 are connected in series.
  • the electromagnet 1 further comprises a mobile armature 18 comprising a rod 19 and a shuttle 20.
  • the rod 19 has a longitudinal axis X '.
  • the shuttle 20 comprises a running portion 21 and a connecting portion 22.
  • the running portion 21 of the shuttle 20 has a cylindrical outer shape of circular section and having the longitudinal axis X 'axis.
  • the connecting portion 22 is a wall perpendicular to the axis X 'and located in the center of the running portion 21.
  • the rod 19 of the mobile armature 18 is made of aluminum here.
  • the shuttle 20 is manufactured here in martensitic stainless steel.
  • the martensitic stainless steel used is in this case a stainless steel type X30Cr13.
  • the rod 19 is fixed to the shuttle 20 so as to extend coaxially therewith.
  • the electromagnet 1 operates in the following manner.
  • a first control voltage a first current flows in a first direction in the first main coil 13 and in the second main coil 15, a first magnetic field is generated, under the effect of which the shuttle 20 slides in the hollow body 2 along the X axis and is close to the first abutment wall 7 of the first housing 10 to a first extreme position in which the shuttle 20 abuts against the first abutment wall 7 of the first housing 10.
  • the rod 19 is then in a retracted position.
  • the shuttle 20 is held in the first extreme position by the effect of a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 12.
  • the rod 19 is thus maintained in the retracted position (situation visible on the figure 1 ).
  • the electromagnet 1 is a bistable linear electromagnet.
  • the first auxiliary coil 14 and the second auxiliary coil 16 are arranged in the same way and play exactly the same role as the first main coil 13 and the second main coil 15.
  • the first auxiliary coil 14 and the second auxiliary coil 16 are used only when a fault (for example a short circuit or an open circuit) occurs on the first main coil 13 and / or on the second main coil 15.
  • the magnetic circuit of the electromagnet 1 is redundant.
  • the hollow body 2 of the electromagnet 1 comprises a measuring wall, which is in this case the first end wall 4.
  • the first wall end 4 comprises a cavity 25 which has the shape of a groove opening towards the outside of the hollow body 2.
  • the cavity does not open towards the inside of the cavity of the hollow body 2.
  • the thickness e of the first end wall 4, at the level of the cavity 25, is between 0.4mm and 1mm. This thickness e is here approximately equal to 0.7 mm.
  • a magnetic field sensor in this case a Hall effect sensor 26, is positioned inside the cavity 25.
  • the sensitive part of the Hall effect sensor 26 is positioned against the bottom of the cavity 25.
  • the Hall effect sensor 26 makes it possible to detect that the shuttle 20 is brought closer to the first abutment wall 7 of the first housing 10 or to the second abutment wall 8 of the second housing 11.
  • the Hall effect sensor 26 thus makes it possible, in particular, to detecting that the shuttle 20 is in the first extreme position or in the second extreme position, and therefore that the rod 19 is in the retracted position or in the extended position.
  • a magnetic flux resulting from the magnetic field generated by the first main coil 13 (or by the first auxiliary coil 14 if it is used) is mainly concentrated in a first magnetic path 30 formed by the walls of the first housing 10.
  • the magnetic flux is symbolized by magnetic field lines 31. It is observed that the magnetic field lines 31 are particularly concentrated in the first end wall 4 at the level of the cavity 25, and therefore that the magnetic flux is particularly important.
  • the Hall effect sensor 26 thus detects the magnetic field leaks at the bottom of the cavity 25, and measures a relatively large magnetic field.
  • Processing means connected to the Hall effect sensor 26 and not shown in the figures, acquire the measurements made by the Hall effect sensor 26 and detect, as a function of the measured magnetic field amplitude, that the shuttle 20 is brought closer together the first abutment wall 7 of the first housing 10, and, optionally, that the shuttle 20 abuts against the first abutment wall 7 of the first housing 10. The processing means then detect that the rod 19 is therefore in the retracted position.
  • the magnetic flux resulting from the magnetic field generated by the second main coil is mainly concentrated in a second magnetic path 32 formed by the walls of the second housing 11.
  • the Hall effect sensor 26 therefore measures a relatively weak magnetic field.
  • the processing means acquire the measurements made by the Hall sensor 26 and detect, as a function of the measured magnetic field amplitude, that the shuttle 20 is moved away from the first stop wall 7 of the first housing 10, and possibly , that the shuttle 20 is in abutment against the second abutment wall 8 of the second housing 11.
  • the rod 19 is therefore in the extended position.
  • the Hall effect sensor 26 may be a Hall-effect (or latch ) type sensor giving a binary information, or a Hall effect linear probe.
  • a Hall-effect (or latch ) type sensor giving a binary information
  • a Hall effect linear probe In the case of a linear probe, it is possible to perform a binary measurement by defining a threshold above which the measured magnetic field corresponds to the first extreme position of the shuttle 20, and below which the measured magnetic field corresponds at the second extreme position of the shuttle 20.
  • the threshold may optionally be adjusted at the time of manufacture of the electromagnet 1, or at the time of operating tests prior to delivery.
  • the processing means are positioned on an electrical board or in a computer used to power the electromagnet 1 (and thus to generate the control voltages applied across the coils). This reduces the costs and the size of the implementation of the monitoring of the position of the rod 19.
  • the field sensor Magnetic used is a Hall effect sensor, it is perfectly possible to use a different sensor (for example, a magnetoresistive sensor).
  • the sensor can obviously be integrated in a measuring wall of the second housing.
  • the measuring wall which includes the cavity or cavities, may also be a wall other than an end wall, for example a stop wall.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
EP17178534.8A 2016-07-01 2017-06-28 Bistabiler linearer elektromagnet Active EP3264431B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1656314A FR3053522B1 (fr) 2016-07-01 2016-07-01 Electro-aimant lineaire bistable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3264431A1 true EP3264431A1 (de) 2018-01-03
EP3264431B1 EP3264431B1 (de) 2022-04-20

Family

ID=57121308

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17178534.8A Active EP3264431B1 (de) 2016-07-01 2017-06-28 Bistabiler linearer elektromagnet

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US10176915B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3264431B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3053522B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3096635B1 (fr) 2019-06-03 2021-06-18 Safran Landing Systems Détection de l’état d’un organe de freinage de parc

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29703587U1 (de) * 1997-02-28 1998-06-25 FEV Motorentechnik GmbH & Co. KG, 52078 Aachen Elektromagnetischer Aktuator mit Näherungssensor
FR2940500A1 (fr) * 2008-12-22 2010-06-25 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Actionneur electromagnetique a double circuits de commande
DE102009042777A1 (de) * 2009-09-25 2011-04-07 Kendrion Magnettechnik Gmbh Elektromagnetischer Aktor
EP2587496A1 (de) * 2011-10-27 2013-05-01 MSG Mechatronic Systems GmbH Bistabiler Schaltmagnet mit Kolbenpositionsdetektor
EP2944521A1 (de) * 2014-03-24 2015-11-18 Messier-Bugatti-Dowty Elektromechanisches Stellglied für Bremse mit Parksperre für Luftfahrzeug

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4535193B2 (ja) * 2006-03-17 2010-09-01 三菱電機株式会社 状態把握装置およびこの状態把握装置を備えた開閉制御装置
DE102014113500A1 (de) * 2014-09-18 2016-03-24 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Bistabile elektromagnetische Aktorvorrichtung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29703587U1 (de) * 1997-02-28 1998-06-25 FEV Motorentechnik GmbH & Co. KG, 52078 Aachen Elektromagnetischer Aktuator mit Näherungssensor
FR2940500A1 (fr) * 2008-12-22 2010-06-25 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Actionneur electromagnetique a double circuits de commande
DE102009042777A1 (de) * 2009-09-25 2011-04-07 Kendrion Magnettechnik Gmbh Elektromagnetischer Aktor
EP2587496A1 (de) * 2011-10-27 2013-05-01 MSG Mechatronic Systems GmbH Bistabiler Schaltmagnet mit Kolbenpositionsdetektor
EP2944521A1 (de) * 2014-03-24 2015-11-18 Messier-Bugatti-Dowty Elektromechanisches Stellglied für Bremse mit Parksperre für Luftfahrzeug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20180005744A1 (en) 2018-01-04
EP3264431B1 (de) 2022-04-20
US10176915B2 (en) 2019-01-08
FR3053522B1 (fr) 2018-08-17
FR3053522A1 (fr) 2018-01-05

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