EP3258027A2 - Prefabricated concrete slab for the construction of parking garages, composite component for construction of parking garages and their use - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a flat prefabricated concrete part (4) for the construction of multi-storey car parks comprising at least one net-like, at least partially within the precast concrete part (4) arranged textile reinforcement (24) which is designed such that it completely on the precast concrete element (4) acting inner tensile stresses has, wherein the textile reinforcement (24) at least partially outside the precast concrete part (4) protruding fiber sheets (14). The invention has for its object to provide a flat precast concrete part and a composite component for the construction of multi-storey caravans, which is significantly reduced in weight from the known reinforced concrete components, which has a thinner wall thickness than known steel concrete finished components and which is also significantly more resistant to corrosion than it is even possible with the known reinforced concrete prefabricated components. The invention also relates to a composite component for the construction of parking garages with such a precast concrete part.

Description

The invention relates to a flat precast concrete part for the construction of parking garages according to the preamble of claim 1 and a composite component for the construction of parking garages according to the preamble of claim 2 and their use.

It is still common today to reinforce concrete parts, for example for the construction of buildings or bridges, with steel components. These are inserted into the shuttering, which is then finally filled with concrete. This is a slack reinforcement, with the concrete absorbing the compressive forces and the steel component absorbing the tensile forces. Due to the nature of concrete, the steel components embedded therein are subject to corrosion and thus lose their ability to absorb traction over time, resulting in unwanted cracks and damage to the building or bridge. Consequently, expensive refurbishment and maintenance measures are necessary.

In addition, the diameter of the steel components or steel mats the appropriate wall thickness and concrete cover (distance from the surface of the concrete component to the reinforcement) before the concrete formwork, so here always a large concrete volume is required for casting, which in combination with the respective steel component also to a high weight load on the building or bridge.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a flat precast concrete part and a composite component for the construction of parking garages, which is significantly reduced in weight from the known reinforced concrete components, which is a thinner Wall thickness has as known concrete-ready steel components and which is also significantly more resistant to corrosion, as it is even possible in the known reinforced concrete prefabricated components.

We have solved this object according to the features of claim 1 and claim 2.

The claim 1 relates to a flat precast concrete part for the construction of parking garages having at least one net-like, at least partially disposed within the precast concrete textile reinforcement, which is designed such that it completely absorbs the forces acting on the precast concrete inner tensile stresses.

The two-dimensional precast concrete element is advantageously designed as a precast concrete precast concrete and / or prefabricated wall concrete for building car parks, even more advantageous is the two-dimensional precast concrete as Gebautebetenbetonfertigteil and / or Gebäudewandbetonfertigteil and very particularly advantageous is the concrete precast element described here as Parkhausdeckenbetonfertigteil and / or Parkhauswandbetonfertigteil. This has proved to be advantageous since the construction of parking garages, including parking decks fall, often must be done quickly and inexpensively and at the same time high demands on stability, durability and serviceability and statics are provided.

The flat, described here precast concrete parts are advantageously prefabricated in the factory and then only on site at the site by Fugenverguss frictionally connected to each other and / or the support element, so that a shear-resistant connection is formed. In addition, it is advantageous to stabilize this operative connection in addition by adhesion between the textile reinforcement of the precast concrete part and composite strip, which is formed connected to the carrier element, by casting and curing with concrete. This results in a shear-resistant connection and a finished composite component on the site.

The two-dimensional precast concrete element has at least one net-like textile reinforcement, which has a multiplicity of passage openings in the form of meshes. The number and size of the mesh depends on the concrete used for the precast concrete part. The meshes of the textile reinforcement are designed such that when casting with liquid, homogeneous concrete whose homogeneity is maintained and no separation of the concrete components takes place. The textile reinforcement may also be understood to be two-dimensional (biaxial) and / or three-dimensional (multi-axial and multi-layered).

It has also proven to be particularly advantageous to also planarize the net-like textile reinforcement within the flat prefabricated concrete part, so that the reinforcement function is advantageously made possible within the entire area of the precast concrete part.

The textile reinforcement described here is used in the flat concrete part as well as in the composite component also described here.

By forming the reinforcement as a textile, advantageously from a plurality of fibers and / or fiber bundles, more advantageously from a variety of high-performance fibers and / or fiber bundles formed from high-performance fibers, the wall thickness of the precast concrete part can be significantly reduced compared to known precast reinforced concrete parts. Advantageously, the net-like, biaxial textile reinforcement itself has a thickness of about <1.0 mm to about 50 mm and quite larger. Particularly advantageous is a total thickness of the biaxial textile reinforcement in the range of 1 mm to 6 mm. The thickness of the textile reinforcement advantageously depends on the diameter and the number of fibers and / or fiber bundles used for the textile reinforcement.

For example, it is conceivable that the textile reinforcement is formed of individual fibers, wherein it has at least a first type of fibers, for example longitudinal fibers, and at least one second type of fibers, the second type of fibers at a predeterminable angle to the first type Fiber is arranged. In the simplest case, the second type of fibers is formed as transverse fibers, which is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal fibers. Longitudinal fibers and transverse fibers each form a fiber layer. The connection of the two fiber layers together can follow it by known binding methods, such as satin weave, linen weave or the like. But it is also possible that the fiber layers by or in addition by a kind of bonding with chemical coatings or resins non-positively and / or positively connected, similar to the welding of steel reinforcement mats.

This is of course not limiting, so that it is also conceivable to arrange the second type of fibers in a predeterminable angle of 30 °, 40 ° 50 °, 60 ° 70 ° 80 ° offset to the longitudinal fibers. This oblique arrangement of the fibers and / or fiber bundles, an additional stability of the net-like textile reinforcement can be achieved.

Furthermore, it is advantageous for higher force absorption and stability of the textile reinforcement to provide at least the first and second type of fibers (filaments) as a fiber bundle (called yarn or roving). Under fiber bundles are advantageously a variety of fibers, for example, 2 to 350,000 to understand. The fibers of the fiber bundles may be formed in their longitudinal course parallel to each other and / or twisted. By twisting an improved tensile force absorption can be achieved. It is also conceivable to wrap the fiber bundles of at least one fiber layer with other fibers so as to improve the Haftverbundeigenschafen between textile reinforcement and concrete.

The concrete used for the inventive, two-dimensional precast concrete element corresponds to DIN EN 206. Advantageously, the concrete of the flat precast concrete parts in a maximum particle size of 16 mm a particle size of 0.025 mm - 4.0 mm in the range of about 36% - 74% of the total grain composition, a particle size of> 4.0 mm - 8.0 mm in the range of about 14% - 24% of the total grain composition, and a grain size of> 8.0 mm - 16.0 mm in the range of about 12% - 40% of the total grain composition.

Furthermore, a composition with a maximum grain size of 32.0 mm is conceivable. Here, the concrete of the flat precast concrete parts has a particle size of 0.025 mm - 4.0 mm in the range of about 23% - 65% of the total grain composition, a particle size of> 4.0 mm - 8.0 mm in the range of about 12 % - 15% of the total grain composition, a grain size of> 8.0 mm - 16.0 mm in the range of about 12% - 24% of the total grain composition, and a grain size of> 16.0 mm - 32.0 mm im Range of about 11% - 38% of the total grain composition.

An essential point of the flat prefabricated concrete part is that the textile reinforcement can at least partially outside the precast concrete part have protruding fiber sheets.

The textile reinforcement is, as described above, arranged flat within the precast concrete part, which is not to be understood as a single textile reinforcement limiting. It is advantageous depending on the function of the precast concrete part and its material thickness to provide several textile reinforcements. These can then be arranged in the precast concrete part, for example, spaced parallel to each other. This is advantageous since the textile reinforcements arranged in the two-dimensional precast concrete element on the one hand provide surface reinforcement and also enable further active connections via the fiber arches projecting at least partially laterally beyond a portion of the precast concrete element, for example with a composite strip in order to pass on the absorbed force from the precast concrete part and derive from the textile reinforcement. The textile reinforcement is therefore predominantly internal, advantageously substantially parallel to the ground and / or top surface arranged the flat precast concrete. Depending on the design is conceivable to form the protruding fiber sheets such that they protrude beyond the edge of the base or top surface, which is due to an asymmetric shape of the precast concrete part. The protruding fiber sheets are. formed continuously from at least one fiber bundle and have at least one through opening

Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the textile reinforcement is formed at least by a first fiber layer and a second fiber layer, wherein the first fiber layer is formed of at least one transverse fiber bundle, which is laid in a meandering course in a first direction, and wherein the second fiber layer of a plurality formed at spaced-apart longitudinal fiber bundles and the transverse fiber bundles are arranged in a direction different from the first direction, wherein the at least one transverse fiber bundle of the first fiber layer is formed at least in lateral regions relative to the second fiber layer as laterally projecting fiber arcs. The arrangement of the two fiber layers results in the network structure of the textile reinforcement. Advantageously, the two fiber layers are fixed to each other at their intersection points fixed to each other, for example, Schlauft, linked or glued to at least one plastic.

In addition to this flat network structure, the textile reinforcement has fiber sheets on at least two sides. These can be designed to be alternating and / or continuous. The fiber sheets are arranged during reinforcement of the precast concrete part in this, that they at least partially, advantageously completely projecting from the cured precast concrete part and are formed without concrete. The net-like main part of the textile reinforcement is then cast within the precast concrete element and causes its planar reinforcement. The laterally protruding fiber sheets, however, serve advantageously as Linking elements with which further active compounds can be closed.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the textile reinforcement has a plurality of non-metallic fibers. These are advantageously high-performance fibers with a high modulus of elasticity, advantageously in the range of 70,000 to 320,000 MPa. The fibers may be formed as mineral fibers such as glass fibers or wollastonite fibers. Furthermore, it is also conceivable to form the fibers as carbon fibers, polymer fibers, polyolefin fibers, aramid fibers, basalt fibers, (non) oxidic ceramic fibers, such as consisting of aluminum oxide or silicon carbide, natural fibers. Of course, this is not limiting, so that it is also conceivable to form the respective fiber bundles with several types of listed high-performance fibers with high modulus, for example with a mixture of aramid fiber carbon fibers or a mixture of glass fiber carbon fibers, advantageously the carbon fiber content is selected in the range of 5% to 45% by weight.

In the simplest case, the different fiber types of a respective fiber bundle are randomly distributed in the fiber bundle. However, it has also been shown for increased stability and improved tensile strength that a controlled arrangement of a core-shell structure is advantageous. In this case, the carbon fibers are formed as a core, which is enclosed by the second type of fiber as a sheath.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the precast concrete part, each fiber sheet of the textile reinforcement has at least two attachment regions at which the fiber sheets of the first fiber layer are firmly connected to longitudinal fiber bundles of the second fiber layer. This is advantageous for the individual determination and fixation of size, diameter and / or outline of the fiber sheets. The additional fixation in the attachment areas reinforces the mesh structure of the textile reinforcement and improves the force absorption. The attachment can be done for example by other binding fibers, which the fiber sheets at their Fix intersection points with the second fiber layer at this point. Alternatively and / or additionally, fixing by means of adhesion or coating is conceivable, for example with a plastic and / or a silane-containing size. To improve the corrosion resistance, the entire textile reinforcement can also be formed with such a coating. Particularly advantageous thermoplastic resins are used for the plastic coating, such as epoxy resin or polyurethane resin used. In addition, solvent-containing or solvent-free polymer dispersions can also be used.

Particularly advantageously, the fiber sheets of the textile reinforcement are designed as continuous loops. These loops can be generated particularly easily and easily by the meandering laying form of the transverse fiber bundles. The continuous training ensures that mi other components also stable active compounds can be received in order to remove the absorbed by the textile reinforcement forces again from this.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the fiber sheets are U-shaped and / or drop-shaped. The U-shaped design of the fiber sheets represents the simplest embodiment. Each loop here has two legs, with which it is fixed to the adjacent longitudinal fiber bundle in the attachment areas. Both legs are spaced apart by a curved base formed Advantageously, the base and longitudinal fiber bundles are arranged opposite to each other and also spaced from each other by an opening. Particularly advantageous in the two legs formed symmetrically to each other. For improved tensile load absorption, the aspect ratio of leg to base in the ratio of 1.5: 1; 2: 1; 2.5: 1; 3: 1; 3.5: 1; 4: 1; 4.5: 1; 5: 1; 5.5: 1; or 6: 1 selected. Thus, the leg-base ratio also determines the size of the opening, more preferably its inner diameter. However, this is not limiting, as leg-to-base ratios of 1: 1.5; 1: 2; 1: 2.5; 1: 3; 1: 3.5; 1: 4; 1: 4.5; 1: 5; 1: 5.5 or 1: 6 are conceivable. All these relationships have in common that they are a sufficiently large Form opening between thighs, base and longitudinal fiber bundles. Particularly advantageous sizes have been found for the inner diameter of the U-shaped loops in the range of 0.5 to 12 cm.

A drop-shaped geometry of the loops is also advantageous for improved tensile load absorption and crack prevention in the concreted state. In this case, the attachment portions of the respective fiber sheet are arranged closer to each other than is the case in the U-shaped configuration of the loops. The formation of the loops as double loops, for example in the form of a standing "8" has proven by the additional fiber bundle crossing and fixing advantageous for crack prevention and power absorption.

Particularly advantageously, the at least one transverse fiber bundle, which has the meander-shaped course, is designed as an endless fiber bundle. If only one transverse fiber bundle is provided for forming the fiber sheets, then its meandering course always requires at least one defect between two fiber sheets. In concreted state, this means that, for example, on the left side of the precast concrete part, a fiber sheet is formed and at the same height, on the opposite right side a flaw is conditional and vice versa. This results in an alternating sequence of laterally protruding fiber sheets.

If particularly high demands are placed on the reinforcement, a further advantageous embodiment of the precast concrete part provides a textile reinforcement which, instead of the imperfections, has additional fiber bows, so that continuous rows of fiber bows result. For this purpose, a further, third fiber layer is arranged, which is also arranged in a meandering course, but gegenlegig to the first fiber layer. Due to the opposing arrangement of the third fiber layer, which also consists of fibers and / or at least one fiber bundle, the defects described above are filled up and formed a continuous array of fiber sheets. These other fiber sheets of the third fiber series are also advantageous in turn firmly connected to longitudinal fiber bundles of the second fiber layer, for example glued, looped or linked.

Thus, the textile reinforcement described here by its network structure and by the particular arrangement and / or formation of the fiber sheets is ideally suited to completely absorb the forces acting on the precast concrete tensile forces. The biaxial textile reinforcement described here is designed as an end anchorage.

Another component of the present invention is a composite component for the construction of car parks, which has at least one flat precast concrete part, as described above, wherein the precast concrete part has at least one net-like, at least partially disposed within the precast concrete textile reinforcement, which is formed so that they completely absorbs the internal precast stresses acting on precast concrete, the textile reinforcement at least partially outside the precast concrete part has protruding fiber sheets. Furthermore, the composite component has at least one carrier element for receiving the at least one precast concrete part. The support element is arranged below the flat prefabricated concrete part, so that it is formed superimposed on the support element. The carrier element is used for load transfer as well as for further force removal of the tensile forces in order to avoid cracks and damage of the flat precast concrete part. In the simplest case, the carrier element is designed as a steel beam or concrete in C-shape or as a double-T-beam. Particularly advantageously, the carrier element is designed such that two-dimensional precast concrete elements are formed auflagerbar thereon.

An essential point of the composite component is that it further has a composite strip for discharging the forces received by the at least one textile reinforcement, wherein the composite strip and textile reinforcement are operatively connected to one another by grouting for force transmission. Through this operative connection between composite strip and textile reinforcement can be ensured that the recorded by the textile reinforcement Tensile forces are forwarded from the precast concrete by the potting on the composite strip and thus be completely derived in the carrier element via the operative connection with the composite strip of this from the textile reinforcement. This results in the non-positive interaction of precast concrete and carrier as so-called. Composite component (carrier and precast concrete are non-positively in the composite).

Particularly advantageously, the composite strip is designed to be continuous, so that both a significantly better distributable tensile force absorption of the textile reinforcement and a significantly improved power dissipation is made possible in the carrier element. In addition, the life of such composite strips is significantly increased, since the material stress on force application and power dissipation is significantly reduced by the solid and / or one-piece design with the carrier element. The entire composite component is thus more stable and cracking in the concrete is minimized.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the operative connection between the composite strip and textile reinforcement is designed such that the textile reinforcement of the precast concrete part has at least partially outwardly beyond the precast concrete part protruding fiber sheets, which are at least partially, advantageously completely, led around the composite strip. This is advantageous because, due to the arrangement of the fiber sheets, advantageously the protruding loops of the textile reinforcement, they can be guided at least partially over and / or around the composite strip so that the active connection (composite effect) results. The fiber bows circulate continuously through the composite strip, so that as a result the force absorption by the composite strip takes place steadily and more reliably than is known from the prior art. Break points of the composite strip are also avoided, so that always a permanent and reliable force transfer via the composite strip in the carrier element. Furthermore, it is advantageous in particular for large carrier element lengths or curved carrier elements, several and / or to arrange broken composite strips, which are arranged, for example, to each other butt.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one composite strip has a first, lower section, which forms a common contact surface with the at least one carrier element and / or is firmly and / or integrally connected to the at least one carrier element. This first, lower portion of the composite strip represents the connecting piece of the composite strip with the support element. In the simplest case, the composite strip is formed of sheet steel and firmly welded to the at least one support element. Material thicknesses of the composite strip in the range of 3 mm to 20 mm have proved to be advantageous. As a result, sufficient stability is ensured with a small footprint. Furthermore, it is also conceivable that the composite strip is formed of other metal materials, ceramic or plastic. In addition to welding, gluing or clinching of individual components of the composite component described here is also conceivable.

However, it is also conceivable that carrier element and composite strip are already manufactured and formed in one piece, so that can be completely dispensed with welds or other fastening connections. Advantageously, the first, lower portion of the composite strip is designed as a stabilizing and kraftweiterleitender base section. It may have a cuboid shape, a trapezoidal shape or similar geometric formations. In particular, by a large common contact surface of the composite strip and the carrier element there is a good transfer of force from base section to the support element. The base portion is formed throughout.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one composite strip on a first section vertically offset from the second arranged portion for receiving the textile reinforcement. Both sections form the one-piece composite strip. The second section is thus above the first section arranged and serves to hold the textile reinforcement, advantageously the protruding fiber sheets of textile reinforcement, which protrude beyond the ceiling and / or base of the precast concrete part. Thus, the corresponding operative connection between the composite strip and textile reinforcement for Zugkraftbeanspruchungsableitung from the precast concrete part out successfully.

For this purpose, it has further proven to be particularly advantageous if the upper, second portion of the composite strip has a plurality of projections. In the simplest case, the projections are formed as elevations over which the fiber sheets of the textile reinforcement, advantageously the loops of textile reinforcement can be transferred and / or suppressed and are held by the corresponding projections and / or elevations in their transferred and / or everted position and thus forms an active compound.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the protruding fiber sheets are designed to be transferable and / or supposable via the composite strip. In the simplest embodiment, the fiber sheets of the textile reinforcement are advantageously designed fixed in size and / or outline. Each fiber sheet is advantageously formed as a loop and thus has at least one through opening. In this case, the diameter of the opening of each fiber sheet is made larger than the outer diameter of the projections, so that each fiber sheet can be loosely guided and / or laid over the respective projection.

In a further embodiment, it is conceivable to form the fiber sheets themselves in their size and / or outline so changeable that the fiber sheets are at least partially überstülpbar with their respective opening on the composite strip and thus fixed to this. Under superscribable is advantageous to understand the close guidance of a fiber sheet along a projection, possibly even under the expansion of the Fiber sheets, so that then the fiber sheet is held in the material rejuvenation.

In the simplest embodiment, the projections are arranged vertically aligned. This ensures that at the construction site, the fiber sheets can be easily and quickly passed over the projections, without the need for special equipment or large force application. The precast concrete element is thus particularly easy to install and then shed as a composite component.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the projections have a smaller diameter in a first region than in a second, free end region. As already stated above, the projections advantageously extend vertically upwards and are consequently arranged with their first end fixed to the lower portion of the composite strip or formed integrally therewith. Opposite the second, free end of the projections is arranged. In order to achieve an improved fixation of the fiber sheets, advantageously the loops, the projections have at least one material taper in a first region, which is advantageously formed circumferentially. As a result, after successfully slipping over and / or transferring the laterally at least partially protruding from the precast concrete fiber sheets, these no longer slip back and unintentionally detached from the projections.

As a particularly advantageous form of the projections has been found when the projections are formed in mushroom shape. This is advantageous because then the material taper is formed below an enlarged free end of the projection. The free end is rounded and / or formed with rounded edges, so that an easy plugging and / or slipping the fiber sheets is made possible on the projections. The arranged below the free rounded end of the projections material taper serves the corresponding fixation of the fiber sheets to the projections of the composite strip. An undesirable Slipping or detachment of the fiber sheets from the projections is thus avoided.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the projections are designed to be undulating in the vertical direction. Particularly advantageously, the undulation is designed as an S-curve. This S-curve of the projections in the vertical direction is particularly gentle on the material, since the rounded, undulating course fiber cracks are avoided during assembly. Nevertheless, this S-curve course provides a sufficient operative connection to the power dissipation of the textile reinforcement on the composite strip.

In a further advantageous embodiment, each projection is associated with at least one fiber sheet of the textile reinforcement. This is advantageous because it enables the best possible power dissipation under the best possible operative connection. However, it is not limitative, so that it is also conceivable, in particular in the case of three-dimensional textile reinforcements, that each projection is assigned more than one fiber sheet, for example two or three superimposed fiber sheets. This can. the active compound and the power transmission are significantly enhanced and reduced cracking or even avoided.

The flat prefabricated concrete element described here advantageously has on at least two sides the laterally projecting fiber arches formed by the textile reinforcement. The composite strip is formed with the carrier element fixed and / or in one piece and has the vertically upwardly extending projections.

On the construction site, the support element with composite strip arranged thereon is now initially provided. On the support element, such as a steel beam or concrete beams, at least one precast concrete part is half-stored. In particular, it is necessary in this case that the protruding fiber sheets of the textile reinforcement are guided over the projections of the composite strip and thus an operative connection is formed. Subsequently, the area of composite strip and fiber sheets may be potted or else another prefabricated concrete element, as just described, is supported on the other free half of the carrier element and the fiber sheets are arranged around the projections. Advantageously, then both precast concrete parts are cast together with the composite strip and / or the support element under adhesion and grouted.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the fiber sheets of the textile reinforcement are arranged in recesses of the precast concrete part. In addition to the simple embodiment that only the fiber sheets protrude laterally from the precast concrete part, it has proven particularly for the construction of parking garages advantageous to arrange the fiber sheets in recesses of the precast concrete part. Advantageously, the recesses are flat on one side, advantageously at the bottom. Thus, the simple slipping over and / or transferring the fiber sheets from the top of the underlying composite strip can always be ensured.

In this particular embodiment, the base surface of the precast concrete element, which is at least partially supported on the carrier element, consequently formed in sections shorter than the top surface, which spans and covers the base in the region of the recesses. Exactly in the space caused thereby the fiber sheets are arranged protruding. Depending on the force absorption, it is conceivable that the precast concrete element has at least two recesses, each recess extending as a lateral channel with fiber arches arranged therein. This is of course not to be understood as limiting, so that it is also conceivable that at least projecting fiber sheets are arranged on the end faces of the precast concrete part. These can also be provided in corresponding recesses.

It has proved to be particularly advantageous for the recesses to be grouted and / or potted with liquid concrete or another potting material, For example, plastic or asphalt, self-venting are formed. For this purpose, the recesses have at least one inclined plane, which is formed rising to the free edge of the precast concrete part. To form the composite part, it is necessary to shed the recesses of the precast concrete, for example, with liquid concrete to create the necessary adhesion between precast concrete element and support element.

If the potting material filled in the recesses, they are sealed from below by the support element. The liquid potting material fills the recess from bottom to top and thus also connects the composite strip with the fiber sheets. The oblique plane forms the ceiling area of the respective recess, so that the liquid potting material is slowly guided along the oblique plane and the recess is filled without air inclusions. Thus, when potting excess air volume along the inclined plane rise and be successfully dissipated.

Particularly advantageously, the inclined plane of the recess has a pitch in the range of 0.5 ° to 10 °, more advantageously in the range of 3 ° to 6 °. For complete filling of the recesses may further lateral shuttering elements may be provided, which limit the flow of potting material and allow a flush completion of the composite component.

For this purpose, shuttering elements and / or molded parts are already provided in the production of precast concrete, which are filled with liquid concrete to form the correspondingly shaped precast concrete with recesses and trained therein inclined plane.

Moreover, it is advantageous that the recesses trapezoidal, outwardly or internally, widening form. As a result, the casting can be done much faster. Depending on their training can also be in the composite component acting forces better of the composite strip in the composite component, such as a precast concrete element, and vice versa on or. be discharged.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the textile reinforcement is designed as a high-performance textile reinforcement, which is particularly suitable for park expansion.

Moreover, it has proven to be advantageous to use the composite component described here as a wall concrete slab and / or ceiling concrete slab in parking garage, building construction, bridge construction or general engineering and building construction. Furthermore, a use of precast concrete as part of wall concrete slabs and / or ceiling slabs in parking garage construction, building construction, bridge construction or general engineering and building construction advantage.

Advantages and expediencies can be found in the following description in conjunction with the drawing.

Fig. 1

eine seitliche Schnittansicht eines Teils eines Verbundbauteils;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen Teil eines Betonfertigteils mit Schlaufe der Textilbewehrung, Verbundleiste und Aussparung; und

Fig. 3

eine weitere seitliche Schnittansicht eines Verbundbauteils.

Hereby show:

Fig. 1

a side sectional view of a part of a composite component;

Fig. 2

a schematic plan view of a portion of a precast concrete with loop of the textile reinforcement, composite strip and recess; and

Fig. 3

another lateral sectional view of a composite component.

Fig. 1 shows a side sectional view of a composite, but not yet finally cast composite component 1. The precast concrete part 4 is formed supported on the support member 2. The support element 2 is formed in the simplest case as a steel beam or concrete beams.

In its longitudinal extent, the composite strip 6 is fixedly arranged on the carrier element 2, for example, welded to a weld seam 29 or already provided in one piece with the carrier element 2.

The composite strip 6 has a first, lower portion 8, which is formed fixedly connected to the carrier element 2. This lower portion 8 is formed as a continuous base portion and serves for force transmission into the support element. 2

In the vertical direction, offset from the first, lower portion 8, the composite strip 6 has a second, upper portion 10 which has a plurality of vertically upwardly extending projections 12. The projections 12 are spaced from each other, advantageously equidistant to allow a uniform force absorption.

Furthermore, the spacing of the projections 12 is sufficient such that between the projections 12, the fiber sheets 14 of the textile reinforcement can be performed. So that the fiber sheets 14 can also enter into a corresponding operative connection with the projections 12, the projections 12 have a material tapering 16, to which a free end 18 distributed in diameter adjoins. Particularly advantageous in this side view of the undulating, advantageously the S-curved course 20 of the projections is shown. As a result, the fiber sheets 14 can be performed very easily on the material thickening of the upper free end 18, to then below this free end 18 in the material taper 16 after casting z. B. enter with liquid concrete or mortar the active compound and kept sufficient. Advantageously, the fiber sheets 14 engage under the free ends 18.

To form the finished composite component 1, advantageously to form the adhesion between the composite strip and fiber sheets 14, the recesses 26 are filled with liquid potting material, such as concrete, which then hardens and the adhesion between the composite strip 6 and 4 precast concrete or the fiber sheets 14 allows. Only through this casting and thus resulting positive connection between precast concrete 4 and 2 beams, the forces in the precast concrete part 4 and 2 carriers can be brought through the composite strip 6 and loops 14 into the inner balance and in the textile reinforcement 24 and discharged. Thus, cracks and damage of the precast concrete part 4 and consequently also of the entire building can be almost completely avoided.

In Fig. 2 a corresponding schematic plan view of a composite component 1 is shown, wherein the same components as in Fig. 1 are marked with the same reference numerals.

Here it can be seen in an enlarged, schematic view that the composite strip 6 or its projections 12 are completely circulated by the fiber sheets 14 of the textile reinforcement 24. For ease of illustration only a fiber sheet 14 is shown, which is arranged sufficiently spaced from the projection 12 to be guided loosely about this. This is of course only one embodiment. Furthermore, it is also conceivable that the fiber sheet 14 runs directly along the projection 12 and forms a common peripheral contact surface therewith (not shown).

In addition, it is also apparent in this embodiment that the fiber sheets 14 are arranged in recesses 26, which then z. B. must be filled or poured with liquid concrete. The recesses 26 are formed interrupted in this embodiment, so that only one fiber sheet 14 is arranged in each recess 26. The shape of the recesses 26 is trapezoidal and widens outwardly. This is in addition to the oblique ceiling plane of the recess (not shown) for self-venting of the recess 26, which is additionally favored by the trapezoidal shape and air bubbles from the backfill material can flow more easily. In addition, pressure forces due to the advantageous trapezoidal design of the recess from the frictional Composite effect of both components, namely. Precast concrete 4 and 2, better from the carrier 2 in the precast concrete part or be discharged.

Finally shows Fig. 3 a schematic side view of a part of a composite component 1, wherein the same reference numerals correspond to the same components and are not explained again here.

It can be seen here that at least one, here two composite strips 6 fixedly arranged, for example welded to a weld seam 29, are on the support element 2. To the composite strips 6 and their second, upper portion 10, the fiber sheets are guided around. In this embodiment, the precast concrete part 4 on two textile reinforcements 24, which are advantageously arranged parallel to each other and spaced from each other in the precast concrete 4 surface. In particular, in Fig. 3 It can be seen that only a textile reinforcement 24 with the composite strip 6 enters into an operative connection, whereas the further textile reinforcement 24 is disposed above the first textile reinforcement 24 completely within the precast concrete part 4 and the pure reinforcement of the concrete is used.

So that now the adhesion can be successful, at first the fiber sheets 14 are guided over the projections 12 of the composite strip 6 and / or slipped on site. In order to enable a frictional connection, this operative connection must be in accordance with z. B. liquid concrete are filled. This can be done, for example, by the recess 26 laterally delimiting shuttering element (not shown).

Alternatively, it is also conceivable mirror-symmetrical to the first precast concrete part 4 shown here to arrange another precast concrete 4 on the free half of the support member 2. Advantageously, the recesses 26 of the two arranged on impact precast concrete elements 4 are then arranged opposite each other, so that a casting can be done with liquid concrete from above through the joint and the recesses 26 are filled in accordance with self-venting with liquid concrete. As a result, the desired frictional connection is formed.

Now, if the free space of the recess 26, in which the projections 12 and the fiber sheets 24 are arranged, shed with liquid concrete, so advantageously along the inclined plane 28 air from the recess 26 are discharged to the outside, so that unwanted formation of air bubbles avoided in the concrete becomes. Thus, a significantly improved adhesion for receiving compressive forces can be generated.

All disclosed in the application documents features are claimed as essential to the invention, provided they are new individually or in combination over the prior art.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

composite component

2

support element

4

Precast concrete

6

composite bar

8th

first, lower section

10

second, upper section

12

head Start

14

fiber sheet

16

material taper

18

free end

20

S-curve

22

molding

24

textile reinforcement

26

recess

28

sloping plane

29

Connection between composite strip and carrier element, here weld

Claims (22)

Flat prefabricated concrete part (4) for the construction of parking garages comprising at least one net-like, at least partially within the precast concrete part (4) arranged textile reinforcement (24) which is designed such that it completely absorbs the on the precast concrete element (4) acting inner tensile stresses,
characterized in that
the textile reinforcement (24) at least partially outside the precast concrete part (4) has protruding fiber sheets (14). A flat precast concrete element according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the textile reinforcement (24) is formed at least by a first fiber layer and a second fiber layer, wherein the first fiber layer is formed from at least one transverse fiber bundle, which is laid in a meandering course in a first direction (A), and wherein the second fiber layer of a A plurality of spaced apart longitudinal fiber bundles is formed and the transverse fiber bundles are arranged in a direction (B) different from the first direction (A), wherein the at least one transverse fiber bundle of the first fiber layer at least in lateral regions relative to the second fiber layer as laterally projecting fiber sheets (14 ) is trained. Sheet-like precast concrete element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
each fiber sheet (14) has at least two attachment regions at which the fiber sheets (14) of the first fiber layer are fixedly connected to longitudinal fiber bundles of the second fiber layer. Precast concrete element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the fiber sheets (14) are formed as loops. Prefabricated concrete element according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that
the fiber sheets (14) are U-shaped and / or drop-shaped. Prefabricated concrete element according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that
between at least one defect is formed between two adjacent fiber sheets (14) of the first fiber layer of the textile reinforcement. Precast concrete element according to claim 2,
characterized in that
the textile reinforcement (24) has at least one further, third fiber layer, which is arranged in a meandering pattern opposite to the first fiber layer. Composite component (1) for the construction of parking garages, at least comprising - A two-dimensional precast concrete part (4) for the construction of multi-storey car parks according to at least one of the preceding claims, which has at least one net-like, at least partially within the precast concrete part (4) arranged textile reinforcement (24) which is designed such that it on the precast concrete ( 4) completely absorbs internal tensile stresses, the textile reinforcement (24) having at least partially outside the precast concrete part protruding fiber sheets (14), a carrier element (2) for receiving the at least one precast concrete part (4), characterized in that
Furthermore, at least one composite strip (6) for discharging the of the
has at least one textile reinforcement (24) recorded forces, wherein composite strip (6) and textile reinforcement (24) are operatively connected to each other for transmitting power. Composite component according to claim 8,
characterized in that
the operative connection between composite strip (6) and textile reinforcement (24) is designed such that the textile reinforcement (24) at least partially outwardly beyond the precast concrete part (4) has fiber arches (14) which at least partially around the composite strip (6) around are. Composite component according to at least one of claims 8 to 9,
characterized in that
the at least one composite strip (6) has a first, lower section (8) which forms a common contact surface with the at least one carrier element (2) and / or is fixedly connected to the at least one carrier element (2). Composite component according to at least one of claims 8 to 9,
characterized in that
the at least one composite strip (6) has a second section (10) arranged vertically offset from the first section (8) for receiving the textile reinforcement (24). Composite component according to at least one of the preceding claims 8 to 11,
characterized in that
the upper, second portion (10) of the composite strip (6) has a plurality of projections (12). Composite component according to claim 12
characterized in that
the projections (12) are arranged vertically aligned. Composite component according to at least one of claims 12 or 13,
characterized in that
the projections (12) have a smaller diameter in a first region than at a second, free end region (18). Composite component according to at least one of the preceding claims 12 to 14,
characterized in that
the projections (12) are formed in mushroom shape. Composite component according to at least one of the preceding claims 12 to 15,
characterized in that the projections (12) are formed undulating in the vertical direction. Composite component according to at least one of claims 12 to 16,
characterized in that
Each projection (12) is associated with at least one fiber sheet (14) of the textile reinforcement (24). Composite component according to at least one of claims 12 to 16,
characterized in that
Each projection (12) is associated with at least one fiber sheet (14) of the textile reinforcement (24). Composite component according to at least one of the preceding claims 8 to 18,
characterized in that
the fiber sheets (14) of the textile reinforcement (24) in recesses (26) of the precast concrete part (4) are arranged. Composite component according to claim 19,
characterized in that
the recesses (26) are self-ventilating during grouting. Use of a composite component (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims as a wall concrete slab and / or ceiling concrete slab in parking garage construction, building construction and / or bridge construction. Use of a precast concrete part (4) according to at least one of the preceding claims as a component of wall concrete slabs and / or ceiling concrete slabs in multi-storey building, building construction and / or bridge construction, as well as in general engineering and building construction.

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