EP3251766A1 - Procédé et appareil d'extrusion d'un profilé en alliage métallique - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil d'extrusion d'un profilé en alliage métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3251766A1
EP3251766A1 EP17173634.1A EP17173634A EP3251766A1 EP 3251766 A1 EP3251766 A1 EP 3251766A1 EP 17173634 A EP17173634 A EP 17173634A EP 3251766 A1 EP3251766 A1 EP 3251766A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal alloy
profile
cylinder
extruder
die
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17173634.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rudolf Gradinger
Andreas Betz
Stefan Gneiger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LKR Leichtmetallkompetenzzentrum Ranshofen GmbH
Original Assignee
LKR Leichtmetallkompetenzzentrum Ranshofen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LKR Leichtmetallkompetenzzentrum Ranshofen GmbH filed Critical LKR Leichtmetallkompetenzzentrum Ranshofen GmbH
Publication of EP3251766A1 publication Critical patent/EP3251766A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/005—Continuous extrusion starting from solid state material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
    • B21C29/006—Gas treatment of work, e.g. to prevent oxidation or to create surface effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
    • B22D17/2038—Heating, cooling or lubricating the injection unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
    • B22D17/2061—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die using screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/02—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making reinforced articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/12—Making non-ferrous alloys by processing in a semi-solid state, e.g. holding the alloy in the solid-liquid phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a profile from a metal alloy, wherein the metal alloy is processed in the partially liquid state.
  • the invention relates to an extruder for producing a profile from a metal alloy, comprising a cylinder and at least one worm shaft, wherein the at least one worm shaft is arranged within the cylinder.
  • the known processes for processing material in the semi-solid or semisolid state are thixomolding processes.
  • a granulate of a metal alloy is partially melted in a barrel with a screw and subjected to a shear stress with the screw to bring the material in a thixotropic state. Subsequently, the material is injected into a mold or cavity by an axial stroke is performed with the screw.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned, with which it is possible to process chips, granules or the like from a metal alloy in only one step to a solid or semi-solid material.
  • Another object is to provide an extruder of the type mentioned, with which chips, granules or the like of a metal alloy are continuously processed.
  • the procedural object is achieved in that in a method of the type mentioned in particular in the form of chips present metal alloy is extruded continuously with an extruder, wherein grain fine particles are incorporated.
  • An advantage achieved with the invention is to be seen in particular in that high solid phase fractions can be processed in an extrusion process in the two-phase region.
  • the advantages of processing in the thixotropic state are combined with the advantages of continuous process control.
  • a strength of the profile produced by the method according to the invention is also increased.
  • the chips and particles are continuously processed into a profile with the application of shear forces in just one step.
  • the profile can be made solid or semi-solid.
  • a semi-solid or not completely solidified mass or profile can be used as a starting material;
  • the semi-solid and deformable profile can then be made into ingot molds.
  • a preparation of a starting material z. B.
  • solid phase fractions between 2% and 30%, in particular between 5% and 35%, particularly preferably between 8% and 50% processed.
  • solid phase fractions for example, between 70% and 97%, in particular between 65% and 95%, particularly preferably between 60% and 90%, processed.
  • any non-metallic, grain-fining particles or other advantageous additives can be processed together with the chips of a metal alloy.
  • the metal alloy may be in a different form, for example as granules.
  • the particles are either directly in the process fed or already mixed before the beginning of the process with the chips of a metal alloy and then added as a mixture to the process.
  • the chips or granules may in particular be formed from a magnesium alloy, zinc alloy or another alloy system.
  • a type of particle can be selected so that either the alloy component or matrix itself is grain-fined or a grain-fine pre-material is produced. A grain fine pre-material is subsequently added in the production of a different material than grain refiner.
  • particles of silicon carbide may be incorporated into a magnesium alloy for direct grain refining.
  • a grain fine pre-material can, for. B. titanium boride can be incorporated into a magnesium alloy.
  • a grain fine pre-material produced thereby can be used in particular for magnesium-containing aluminum alloys. Due to the robustness of the method of the invention, the immiscible particles are virtually unlimited.
  • the metal alloy and particles are processed by at least one worm shaft arranged in a cylinder, with a resulting partially liquid material being transported via the at least one worm shaft to a die.
  • chips made of a metal alloy and particles from above are fed via a funnel to the cylinder with the worm shaft, where they are brought into a thixotropic state with the application of shear forces and processed.
  • the grain-fining particles are fed directly to the chips in the hopper and then metered into the cylinder, where they are incorporated into the chips.
  • the worm shaft is in particular conical and is driven by a motor with preferably low rotational speeds to a rotational movement about its longitudinal axis.
  • a sufficiently high dynamic pressure is built up, so that pressing the material through the die creates a solid profile with a homogeneous structure. If a semi-solid profile which can be used as a starting material is to be produced, a die is not absolutely necessary since only a small dynamic pressure is necessary for the production of a semi-rigid profile.
  • the material is pressed continuously through the die to produce the profile.
  • the die is designed for this purpose so that it has a sufficiently high hardness for pushing through material made of a metal alloy.
  • the die is releasably secured to one end of the cylinder, being for attachment in particular screws are used from high-temperature tool steel.
  • a geometry, in particular a cross-section, of the profile is determined by a shape of the die.
  • the profile is made, for example, with a rectangular, circular or annular cross-section.
  • the profile produced can then be further processed, for example, this can be cut to pieces or further formed.
  • the metal alloy and particles are processed and transported with two worm shafts rotating in the cylinder, the worm shafts in particular being driven in synchronism.
  • the worm shafts rotate about their respective longitudinal axis.
  • the use of two screw shafts ensures a thorough mixing of the material components and, in addition, a shear necessary for the production of a thixotropic state is introduced into the material. This allows mixing of different particles directly in the funnel.
  • the conical worm shafts are driven in particular concurrently, but can also be driven in opposite directions. Conical worm shafts have a large axial distance, which is why a torque can be readily introduced.
  • Co-rotating worm shafts can be used for plasticizing, mixing, homogenizing and granulating.
  • the worm shafts are driven by a low-speed drive to ensure adequate mixing and application of shear forces. At too high speeds, the material is not sufficiently mixed, but only pushed further.
  • a rotational speed of the screw shafts may be, for example, about 10 rpm to 40 rpm, in particular 12 rpm to 35 rpm, more preferably 15 rpm to 30 rpm. The rotational speed depends on a size of the extruder.
  • a discharge mass of the profile from the cylinder or the die of the extruder can be at least about 8 kg / h, in particular about at least 10 kg / h, particularly preferably at least about 13 kg / h, and in the production of a solid profile per unit time a semi-solid starting material at least about 30 kg / h, in particular at least about 40 kg / h, more preferably at least about 45 kg / h.
  • the material is heated in the cylinder and partially melted. This wets the particles and partially melted material.
  • heating sleeves or other heating elements can be arranged on the cylinder.
  • insulating mats can be placed on the cylinder, so that heating accelerates and an exiting radiant heat is minimized.
  • the material is partially melted by the effect of temperature so that this is present in the partially liquid state. Subsequently, the material is conveyed by applying shear forces in the direction of the die and pressed continuously through the die, whereby the profile is formed.
  • the incorporated grain-fining particles are deagglomerated and forcibly wetted by the partially molten alloy chips or alloy granules.
  • the matrix material is zwbenbenetzt, which brings particular advantages for the grain-fining effect of the particles.
  • cooling is provided at the end of the cylinder, for example an air cooling, so that the material is cooled before passing through the die. With air cooling, a fire risk is kept as low as possible.
  • the profile is protected from oxidation by a protective gas curtain provided in front of a female mold. After exiting the cylinder or passing through the die, the profile is still hot.
  • a protective fumigation for several components of the extruder is provided so that the material throughout the production of the profile is continuously protected from oxidation.
  • the metal alloy present in particular as chips is partially fusible by the heating means, wherein grain fining particles can be supplied, whereby subsequently a semi-liquid material is formed, which due to appropriate formation of the extruder under application of shear forces is processable with this.
  • the shavings and particles can be fed, in particular via a funnel, to the cylinder with the worm shaft, where they can be mixed with partial melting and application of shearing forces.
  • the chips and particles can be efficiently partially melted.
  • heating heating elements such as heating sleeves can be arranged on the cylinder.
  • insulating mats can be provided on the cylinder, so that heating of the material can be accelerated and an exiting radiant heat can be limited.
  • a die can be arranged on the end side of the cylinder.
  • the semi-liquid material is conveyed in the direction of the die, which can be arranged detachably at the end of the cylinder.
  • the die is releasably secured to the cylinder with screws of high temperature tool steel.
  • cooling is provided at the end of the cylinder, for example an air cooling, so that the material can be cooled before it passes through the die. Subsequently, the material is continuously pressed by the die, whereby the profile is formed.
  • a heat exchanger or a heat exchanger is provided.
  • the extruder is designed to produce either a solid profile or a semi-solid or incompletely solidified profile. This is dependent, in particular, on a ratio of solid to liquid fractions in the material, a dynamic pressure built up in front of the die or end of the cylinder and a discharge velocity of the profile from the extruder. Consequently, a die is not absolutely necessary for the production of a semi-solid profile, since only a small back pressure has to be built up.
  • a semi-solid profile comes doughy from the extruder, where it falls by gravity in a container arranged on the ground. Subsequently, a semi-solid profile is reusable as a starting material.
  • the drive is designed in particular as a frequency-controlled AC motor. This drives the worm shafts concurrently or counter-rotating at low speed to mix the shavings of a metal alloy and the grain-fining particles with partial melting.
  • Fig. 1 shows an extruder E according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention.
  • the extruder E is designed to produce a profile 1 of a metal alloy and comprises a cylinder 2, in which at least one worm shaft 3 is arranged.
  • a die 4 is provided, through which a material of a metal alloy and grain fine particles is pressed.
  • the die 4 is releasably secured to the cylinder 2 with screws of high temperature tool steel.
  • a heating device 5 is provided with which the material in the cylinder 2 is heated and partially melted.
  • the worm shaft 3 is driven by a drive 6, which is designed in particular as a frequency-controlled AC motor. This drives the worm shaft 3 at low speed.
  • the extruder E comprises a funnel 7 and a heat exchanger 8 or heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger 8 is designed in particular as an oil-air heat exchanger.
  • two screw shafts 3 are provided, whereby the extruder E is designed as a so-called twin-screw extruder.
  • the worm shafts 3 are formed conically and are driven synchronously or counter-rotating, wherein the screw shafts 3 are arranged in the cylinder 2. For maintenance purposes, the screw shafts 3 can be removed from the cylinder 2.
  • the use of two screw shafts 3 allows a good mixing of the material and the penetration of the necessary shear in the same.
  • chips made of a metal alloy are fed to an extruder E, wherein grain-fining particles are incorporated.
  • the particles are in particular mixed directly in a funnel 7 with the chips.
  • the material is guided from chips and particles in the cylinder 2.
  • the cylinder 2 in particular two screw shafts 3 are arranged, which mix the material and bring in a necessary shear.
  • the material is further transported via the screw shafts 3 to a die 4.
  • the cylinder 2 with the screw shafts 3 is heated, so that the material is partially melted and a partially liquid state.
  • the mixed and partially melted material is forced through the die 4 under the action of shear forces, whereby the profile 1 is produced.
  • a cross section of the profile 1 is determined by a shape of the die 2.
  • the worm shafts 3 rotate in particular concurrently in the cylinder 2.
  • a protective gas curtain is provided to protect the still hot at the exit point profile 1 from oxidation.
  • the extruder E is formed without a die 4.
  • the dynamic pressure is built up at a different location of the extruder E. Consequently, the material can be withdrawn from the extruder E in a semi-solid state and used as a starting material.
EP17173634.1A 2016-05-31 2017-05-31 Procédé et appareil d'extrusion d'un profilé en alliage métallique Withdrawn EP3251766A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50488/2016A AT518822A1 (de) 2016-05-31 2016-05-31 Verfahren und Extruder zur Herstellung eines Profils aus einer Metalllegierung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3251766A1 true EP3251766A1 (fr) 2017-12-06

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Family Applications (1)

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EP17173634.1A Withdrawn EP3251766A1 (fr) 2016-05-31 2017-05-31 Procédé et appareil d'extrusion d'un profilé en alliage métallique

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EP (1) EP3251766A1 (fr)
AT (1) AT518822A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108817397A (zh) * 2018-07-16 2018-11-16 南方科技大学 一种增材制造装置及方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004035961A (ja) * 2002-07-04 2004-02-05 Japan Steel Works Ltd:The 多孔質金属体の製造方法
DE102005052470B3 (de) * 2005-11-03 2007-03-29 Neue Materialien Fürth GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffs oder eines Vorprodukts zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffs

Family Cites Families (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5040589A (en) * 1989-02-10 1991-08-20 The Dow Chemical Company Method and apparatus for the injection molding of metal alloys
US5787959A (en) * 1996-12-02 1998-08-04 General Motors Corporation Gas-assisted molding of thixotropic semi-solid metal alloy
JP2000326062A (ja) * 1999-05-21 2000-11-28 Kobe Steel Ltd 軽合金の射出成形方法及び装置とこれに用いるノズル
AUPR721501A0 (en) * 2001-08-23 2001-09-13 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Process and apparatus for producing shaped metal parts
US6860314B1 (en) * 2002-08-22 2005-03-01 Nissei Plastic Industrial Co. Ltd. Method for producing a composite metal product
AT512229B1 (de) * 2011-11-10 2014-10-15 Mold Thix Consulting Bueltermann Gmbh Vorrichtung, anlage und verfahren zum druckgiessen von metallischem material im thixotropen zustand

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004035961A (ja) * 2002-07-04 2004-02-05 Japan Steel Works Ltd:The 多孔質金属体の製造方法
DE102005052470B3 (de) * 2005-11-03 2007-03-29 Neue Materialien Fürth GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffs oder eines Vorprodukts zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffs

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108817397A (zh) * 2018-07-16 2018-11-16 南方科技大学 一种增材制造装置及方法

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Publication number Publication date
AT518822A1 (de) 2018-01-15

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