EP3251748B1 - Mobile abfallzerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit parallelem hybridantrieb - Google Patents

Mobile abfallzerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit parallelem hybridantrieb Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3251748B1
EP3251748B1 EP16172388.7A EP16172388A EP3251748B1 EP 3251748 B1 EP3251748 B1 EP 3251748B1 EP 16172388 A EP16172388 A EP 16172388A EP 3251748 B1 EP3251748 B1 EP 3251748B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
energy
shredding
motor
internal combustion
combustion engine
Prior art date
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EP16172388.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3251748A1 (de
Inventor
Manuel Lindner
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority to ES16172388T priority Critical patent/ES2880953T3/es
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP16172388.7A priority patent/EP3251748B1/de
Priority to PL16172388T priority patent/PL3251748T3/pl
Priority to US16/306,414 priority patent/US11097281B2/en
Priority to BR112018074645A priority patent/BR112018074645A2/pt
Priority to CN201780034398.2A priority patent/CN109414699B/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2017/062403 priority patent/WO2017207350A1/de
Publication of EP3251748A1 publication Critical patent/EP3251748A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3251748B1 publication Critical patent/EP3251748B1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details
    • B02C4/42—Driving mechanisms; Roller speed control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/30—Driving mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B02C18/0092—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage for waste water or for garbage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/24—Drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B02C21/02—Transportable disintegrating plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B02C21/02—Transportable disintegrating plant
    • B02C21/026—Transportable disintegrating plant self-propelled

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mobile shredding device with at least one shredding shaft and an internal combustion engine.
  • shredding and processing machines for various input materials (such as commercial waste, industrial waste, electronic scrap, metal scrap, plastic, composite materials, rubber, wood)
  • mobile machines for example with road approval, are often used.
  • the mobile shredding machines are usually used for different locations.
  • These shredding machines have one or more driven shredding shafts with which the input material is shredded.
  • Such a mobile shredding device is off US2012 / 234949 A1 known.
  • the mobile machines In contrast to the stationary shredding machines, it is common for the mobile machines to function independently, without any external power supply. Due to the mostly missing energy connection (e.g. electrical connection) it is necessary that these machines are equipped with their own energy supplier (preferably a diesel engine).
  • energy supplier preferably a diesel engine
  • the diesel engine (industrial diesel engine) delivers a speed in the range of 1500-2100 rpm, for example. This means that this speed is matched to the mostly significantly lower shredding shaft speed of up to 1000 rpm. can be adapted and a change in the direction of rotation that is easy to carry out is also possible, a "hydraulic gear" is usually used. Examples of commonly used shaft speeds are up to 80 rpm in a twin-shaft shredder; 5 to 200 or 90 to 500 rpm for a single-shaft shredding machine and 9 to 800 rpm for a (vertical) mill.
  • a hydraulic drive is used when one or more hydraulic pumps (directly on the diesel engine or flange-mounted via a transfer case), which in turn drive one or more hydraulic motors on or on the shredding shafts directly or via an auxiliary gear.
  • Both the pump (s) and the motor (s) are predominantly designed as axial swivel pump (s) or motor (s), which are inevitably associated with a high level of noise. With this constellation, the desired variability of the shredding shaft speed, shaft direction of rotation and shaft torque can easily be achieved.
  • the speed of the shredding shaft is mainly regulated as a function of pressure in such a way that the hydraulic motor is operated at the highest possible speed in proportion to the torque required for the shredding. This is why it is necessary that the highest possible throughput is achieved with a shredding system driven in this way.
  • the hydraulic drive components can also be designed very small with high speeds for cost efficiency, and the desired shredding shaft speed and torque can then be achieved via an auxiliary gear (reduction gear between hydraulic drive and shredding shaft (s)).
  • auxiliary gear reduction gear between hydraulic drive and shredding shaft (s)
  • the energy efficiency of hydraulic drives has a poor overall efficiency of approx. 0.14 to 0.24 (under the following exemplary but typical assumption: efficiency of the diesel engine 0.35 to 0.4 and efficiency of the hydraulic drive with part load ratio of 0.4 to 0.6 depending on the proportion of full or partial load operation).
  • the Fig. 1 shows in a measuring diagram the torques of such a shredding process, which change rapidly at short intervals, and the resulting rapid changes in the speed of the shredding shaft.
  • the direction of rotation of the shaft is changed for a short period of time, i.e. a reversing process is carried out, and then the normal shredding process is continued again.
  • Mobile shredding machines are therefore operated as standard with a diesel engine as the energy supplier.
  • the technical solution with a hydraulic drive which couples the diesel engine to the hydraulic drive (hydraulic pump (s) and hydraulic motor (s)) and optionally has an auxiliary gearbox, has established itself as cost-effective despite many disadvantages.
  • Mobile shredding machines in this design are very reliable and known from the prior art. Different versions of diesel-hydraulic drives are installed for the various applications in mobile shredding machines.
  • shredding technology e.g. for wood to produce so-called wood chips, and for breaking stone and concrete.
  • the hydraulic pump on the diesel or combustion engine is replaced by a generator to generate electrical energy.
  • the electrical energy generated in this way is then converted back into mechanical energy by an electric motor to drive the shredding tools.
  • these shredding units are only operated at an almost constant speed. There are only very slight fluctuations in speed between idling and operation of such shredders.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an energetically more efficient mobile waste shredding device.
  • the waste shredding device thus comprises a drive in which a first drive train and a second drive train are implemented in parallel.
  • the internal combustion engine is mechanically connected to the at least one shredding shaft, and it can drive this directly (with the exception of a possibly interposed clutch or one or more interposed gears).
  • mechanical energy of the internal combustion engine is converted via the energy converter into a form which, on the one hand, can be stored and, on the other hand, can be used to operate the at least one additional motor in order to also be able to drive the at least one shredding shaft.
  • the waste shredding device according to the invention can be developed as follows:
  • the second drive train can comprise a main gear on the at least one shredding shaft and / or a continuously variable transmission for changing the speed of the at least one shredding shaft.
  • the connection between the internal combustion engine and the at least one shredding shaft can be mechanically separated by means of the coupling.
  • the main transmission can connect the at least one shredding shaft to the second drive train. With the continuously variable transmission, the speed of the at least one shredding shaft can be changed continuously or adapted to a given shredding task.
  • the second drive train can comprise a first transmission for adapting the ratio of the rotational speeds of the internal combustion engine and the at least one shredding shaft.
  • a second transmission can be provided for adapting the ratio of the speed of the internal combustion engine and / or first transmission and the speed of the energy converter. In this way, the proportion of energy generation in the first drive train can be adjusted relative to the second drive train.
  • a third gear can be provided for adapting the ratio of the speed of the internal combustion engine and / or the first gear and the speed of the additional motor. In this way, the proportion of the energy supply in the first drive train to the at least one shredding shaft can be adjusted relative to the energy supply in the second drive train to the at least one shredding shaft.
  • the at least one energy converter and the at least one additional motor can form at least one energy converter / motor unit.
  • the at least one energy converter / motor unit can be coupled to the second drive train via a transmission.
  • the at least one energy converter and the at least one additional motor can alternatively form separate units, which are preferably coupled to the second drive train via a respective transmission.
  • the at least one energy converter can comprise at least one generator and the at least one additional motor can comprise at least one electric motor or the at least one energy converter / motor unit can comprise at least one generator / electric motor unit.
  • the first drive train includes electrical components.
  • the generator / electric motor unit is also referred to below as a generator / motor unit.
  • At least one AC / DC converter for converting alternating current from the at least one generator into direct current
  • one DC / AC converter for converting direct current into alternating current for the at least one electric motor
  • one between the AC / DC converter and the DC / AC converter arranged intermediate circuit with an energy management module for coupling the energy store, each electric motor being an AC motor.
  • the energy store can comprise at least one electrical energy store and / or a mechanical energy store, the electrical energy store in particular comprising a rechargeable battery and / or a capacitor and / or a superconducting magnetic energy store and / or a static uninterruptible power supply, UPS, and / or wherein the mechanical energy store comprises in particular a dynamic UPS and / or a flywheel store and / or a flywheel store, wherein in the case of a mechanical energy store, a converter device is preferably provided for converting electrical into mechanical and mechanical into electrical energy.
  • the at least one energy converter can comprise at least one hydraulic pump and the at least one additional motor can comprise at least one hydraulic motor or the at least one energy converter / motor unit can comprise at least one hydraulic pump / hydraulic motor unit.
  • the first drive train comprises hydraulic components.
  • a hydrostatic control unit can be provided.
  • the energy store can include at least one hydraulic store. Hydraulic energy generated by the hydraulic pump can be stored therein or hydraulic energy can be taken from it to supply the hydraulic pump.
  • the hydraulic accumulator can comprise a gas-filled pressure vessel, in particular a diaphragm accumulator and / or a bladder accumulator and / or a piston accumulator and / or a metal bellows accumulator and / or a spring accumulator.
  • the mobile waste shredding device can comprise several shredding shafts, in particular two, three or four shredding shafts, for example in the form of a two-shaft shredder with shredding shafts rotating in opposite directions.
  • the mobile waste shredding device can comprise an additional device for charging the energy store.
  • This can be, for example, a small diesel engine / hydraulic pump unit or diesel engine / electric motor unit that is provided and connected externally.
  • the power applied is preferably in the range from 10 to 40 kW.
  • Such an additional unit is particularly advantageous in the case of an energy converter / motor unit mentioned above, for example in order to charge the energy store for a starting process and to supply the energy converter / motor unit with energy.
  • a control device can also be provided.
  • the control unit can be designed to control the mobile waste shredding device in such a way that, during a starting process and with the clutch disengaged, the additional motor or the energy converter / motor unit drives the at least one shredding shaft by means of energy supply from the energy store until a synchronous speed with the first gearbox is reached, whereupon the clutch is closed and preferably the energy supply from the energy store is stopped; or during a starting process and with the clutch engaged, the additional motor or the energy converter / motor unit is started by means of energy supply from the energy storage device and the internal combustion engine drives the at least one shredding shaft and preferably then the energy supply from the energy storage device is stopped; and / or if the required torque for the comminution increases and thus the speed of the internal combustion engine falls below a minimum value, then the at least one comminution shaft is driven with the additional motor or the energy converter / motor unit while energy is supplied from the energy store; and / or if the torque provided is still insufficient or if the at least one shredding shaft is blocked,
  • the invention relates to a mobile shredding device with at least one shredding shaft, an internal combustion engine and a generator coupled to the internal combustion engine for converting mechanical energy of the internal combustion engine into electrical energy, and at least one electric motor for converting the electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive the shredding shaft (n), with and without the support of an electrical or mechanical energy storage device.
  • at least one clutch can be provided in the main drive train for mechanical coupling of the internal combustion engine via gear stages with the shredding shaft (s).
  • the generator on the internal combustion engine can be operated alternately as a generator and as a motor (generator / electric motor unit).
  • the internal combustion engine has at least one hydraulic pump for converting the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy, and at least one hydraulic motor for converting the hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to drive the shredding shaft (s), without and with the support of a hydraulic energy store.
  • the hydraulic pump on the internal combustion engine can be operated alternately as a hydraulic pump and as a hydraulic motor.
  • a continuously variable speed transmission in the main drive train in a further embodiment, a continuously variable speed transmission in the main drive train.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an energetically more efficient mobile waste shredding device.
  • the increase in efficiency is intended to enable the use of a smaller diesel engine or, with the diesel engine of the same size, an increase in throughput. This is also intended to reduce CO2 emissions, both absolutely and specifically in relation to throughput.
  • waste heat from the diesel engine such as the waste heat from the hydraulic pump and from the hydraulic motor is completely eliminated, and in the preferred embodiment only a small amount of waste heat is produced from the generator and electric motor and from the energy store. This enables a further increase in efficiency, since the drive power of the fan drive of the cooling device is reduced.
  • the efficiency of the diesel engine of 0.35-0.4 can even be improved with the more energy-efficient drive according to the invention, even if this actually does not seem possible due to the system. This results from the possibility of being able to choose a smaller type of diesel engine with better efficiency.
  • the diesel engine with the more energy-efficient drive according to the invention can also be operated with more constant power, since the power peaks and power troughs are largely compensated for by the energy store and only load the diesel engine to a small extent. A significant specific improvement in consumption can therefore be expected.
  • the electrical efficiency can be improved from 0.4-0.6 to 0.8-0.9 compared to the hydrostatic drive according to the current state of the art, which together with the improvement of the diesel engine will result in considerable savings of approx. 35 - 45% will result in specific throughput. Even in the embodiment according to the invention with a hydrostatic drive, there will still be savings of at least 35-40%.
  • the switch from hydraulic components according to the prior art to electrical and hydraulic drive components according to the invention is associated with a considerable reduction in noise emissions of at least 5 dB (A).
  • This mobile waste shredding device comprises in the embodiments at least one shredding shaft 90/91, an internal combustion engine 10, a clutch 30, a first and a second drive train between the internal combustion engine and the shredding shaft; a drive train between clutch 30 and gear 80 of the shredding shafts 90/91 as part of the second drive train, in one of the embodiments, a continuously variable transmission 40 in the drive train, a generator 20 coupled to the drive train in front of the clutch, an electric motor 70 coupled after the clutch, or one Generator / electric motor as a unit 73, in one of the embodiments, a hydraulic pump 22 and a hydraulic motor 72, or a hydraulic pump / motor as a unit 23, each for converting part of the mechanical energy of the internal combustion engine into electrical or hydrostatic energy, an energy store 50 and 52 for storing the electrical or hydrostatic energy generated by the generator 20 or the hydraulic pump 22 or hydraulic pump / motor unit 23 during idling or in the power peak valleys, as well as the control system 100 required to operate all these components with
  • an additional energy store 50 and 52 for storing the electrical or hydrostatic energy generated by the generator or the hydraulic pump when the shredder is idling or in the case of peak power valleys the electrical or hydrostatic energy generated in this way can be stored, and so when the shredder is started and during load peaks the electric motor 70, generator / motor unit 73, or hydraulic motor 72, pump / motor unit 23, to which the shredding shafts 90/91 are fed as additional mechanical energy.
  • Rechargeable capacitors so-called SuperCAPS
  • rechargeable batteries preferably based on lithium-ion cells, UVS or uninterruptible power supplies
  • hydraulic accumulators 52 e.g. bladder accumulators and electrical flywheel or compressed air accumulators, are preferably used as electrical energy storage 50.
  • the internal combustion engine 10 and the generator 20 or electric motor 70 or hydraulic pump 22 or motor 72 are in a parallel hybrid arrangement provided, wherein the shredding shaft 90/91 can be driven directly by the internal combustion engine 10 via a clutch 30, in particular is mechanically directly connected to the internal combustion engine 10, and the generator 20 or electric motor 70, or the hydraulic pump 22 and the hydraulic motor 72, in one parallel drive train, with which in the main train, before and after the clutch 30, draw their power for recharging the memory or can deliver it as additional power to the internal combustion engine.
  • the mobile waste shredding device according to the invention can be designed in such a way that a gear arrangement 11 and 60 is provided for adapting the ratio of the speeds of the internal combustion engine 10 and the shredding shaft 90/91.
  • the speed specified by the internal combustion engine 10 and the speed of the shredding shaft 90/91 can be coordinated with one another.
  • a change in direction of rotation when the shaft is blocked is usually not carried out via a gearbox, but instead is carried out directly by the electric or hydraulic motor provided in parallel (first) by changing the direction of rotation in the controller.
  • the gear arrangement can include a first gear 11 for adapting the ratio of the speeds of the internal combustion engine 10 and the generator 20 and the hydraulic pump 22, and / or a second gear 60 for adapting the ratio of the speeds of the electric motor 70 or hydraulic motor 72, the internal combustion engine 10 and of the shredding shaft 90/91.
  • Another embodiment is that the internal combustion engine 10 and the electric motor 70, generator / motor unit 73, hydraulic motor 72, and hydraulic pump / motor unit 23 are provided in a parallel hybrid arrangement, the shredding shaft 90/91 being connected to both the internal combustion engine 10, as well as with the electric motor 70, generator / motor unit 73, hydraulic motor 72, and hydraulic pump / motor unit 23, can be driven.
  • both the predominant part of the mechanical power of the internal combustion engine 10 as well the mechanical power of the electric motor 70, the generator / motor unit 73, hydraulic motor 72, and hydraulic pump / motor unit 23 can be used to drive the shredding shaft 90/91.
  • the second or third gear 80 can be a corresponding reduction gear.
  • the internal combustion engine 10 and the electric motor 70, generator / motor unit 73, hydraulic motor 72, and hydraulic pump / motor unit 23 are provided in a power-split hybrid arrangement, and the shredding shaft 90, both with the internal combustion engine 10 and with at least an electric motor 70, generator / motor unit 73, hydraulic motor 72, and hydraulic pump / motor unit 23 can be driven.
  • a continuously variable gear 40 for changing the speed is provided after the clutch 30 of the main drive train between the internal combustion engine and the gear 80 of the shredding shaft 90/91.
  • the speed of the shredding shaft 90/91 can be adapted to the task of shredding. This is preferably not about short-term speed changes that can be made, for example, with an electric or hydraulic motor, but about an intelligent or self-learning control of the continuous adaptation of the shaft speed to the shredding task.
  • the further embodiments 200, 210 and 220 comprise at least one shredding shaft 90/91; an internal combustion engine 10; a hydraulic pump 22 coupled to the internal combustion engine for converting mechanical energy of the internal combustion engine into hydraulic energy; or a hydraulic pump / motor unit 23, a hydraulic accumulator 52 for storing hydraulic energy generated by the hydraulic pump 22; and a hydraulic motor 72 or hydraulic pump / motor unit 23 supplied with the hydraulic energy for driving the at least one shredding shaft 90/91.
  • This hybrid solution is based on a hydraulic system in which a hydraulic accumulator 52 is provided. When the hydraulic accumulator is discharged, hydraulic energy (pressure * volume) can then be released.
  • the hydraulic accumulator 52 can comprise a pressure vessel filled with gas, in particular a diaphragm accumulator and / or a bladder accumulator and / or a piston accumulator and / or a metal bellows accumulator and / or a spring accumulator.
  • the clutch 30 in the drive train between the internal combustion engine and the transmission 80 of the shredding shaft 90/91 is opened.
  • the transmission 12 which drives the generator 20 or a hydraulic pump 22, is in the drive train before the clutch 30.
  • the clutch 30 which is still open and the internal combustion engine 10 that is in operation are intended to ensure that the generator 20 or the hydraulic pump 22 still charges the energy store until the energy store 50 or 52 has a Starting process of the shredder has the required energy content. In the embodiments 110 and 210 this is not provided.
  • the generator / electric motor unit 73 or the hydraulic pump / motor unit 23 is driven by the transmission 13 after the clutch 30, or outputs the stored and retrieved power again via this transmission.
  • a so-called AC / DC converter 21 is attached to the generator 20 and an AC / DC / DC / AC converter 74 or frequency converter is attached directly to the generator / electric motor unit 73, or is arranged separately.
  • This AC / DC 21 converter or frequency converter generates a so-called intermediate circuit as a direct current with a voltage of 200 to 800 V, preferably 650 V. With more than one generator, however, only one intermediate circuit is formed.
  • the electric motor and the generator form a structural unit in the form of a motor / generator unit 73.
  • the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor form a structural unit 23 in that the pump can optionally also be operated as a motor via the switching valve 31, depending on whether power has to be fed into the hydraulic accumulator 52 or output from it.
  • the AC / DC converter is also designed as a DC / AC converter, and thus as an AC / DC / DC / AC converter 74 or frequency converter.
  • the electric motor 70 emits the power after the clutch 30 back into the main drive train via the transmission 60.
  • the generator / electric motor unit 73 receives and outputs its power via the transmission 13 from / into the main drive train, but after the clutch 30.
  • an energy store 50 is connected to the intermediate circuit.
  • the energy store can be a capacitor, a battery or accumulator, an UVS uninterruptible power supply, or an electrical flywheel store.
  • a be hydraulic energy storage 52 In embodiments 200, 210 and 220, a be hydraulic energy storage 52. A corresponding management of the energy store 51 for loading and unloading is provided immediately in front of the electrical energy store or in the overall control. In the case of the hydraulic energy store, this function is achieved with control valves 31.
  • a combination of several identical or several different energy stores is also possible.
  • a battery energy store for starting the shredder and a capacitor to cover the peak load is also possible.
  • the actual starting process can begin.
  • the energy requirement is covered by the energy store 50 or 52, since the clutch 30 to the internal combustion engine 10 is still open.
  • the electric motor 70 or hydraulic motor 72 terminates the power supply via the transmission 60 to the main drive train. From this point in time, the shredding shafts 90/91 are only driven directly by the internal combustion engine 10.
  • the generator / motor unit 73 or the hydraulic pump / motor unit 23 is started as an electric or hydraulic motor while the clutch 30 is disengaged, and is brought into operation via the transmission 13 the power generated in this way in the main drive train to the gearbox 80, and so the shafts 90/91 to the preselected speed.
  • the comminution process takes place with strongly changing torques, and thus strongly changing power consumption of the internal combustion engine 10.
  • the graph clearly shows so-called load peaks and load troughs.
  • the nominal power of the system and thus of the diesel or internal combustion engine 10 is preferably designed in the middle between the load peaks and load troughs to be expected.
  • the internal combustion engine 10 cannot cover the load peaks with this design, additional energy must be supplied to the comminution system.
  • the energy required to cover the load peaks is made available by the energy store 50 or 52.
  • the internal combustion engine 10 is preferably operated in the rated load range.
  • the additional power required to cover the load peaks is applied by the energy store 50 or 52 and by the electric motor 70, or the generator / electric motor unit 73, or the hydraulic motor 72, or by the hydraulic pump / motor unit 23, as a power supply to the Transferring peak load coverage to the main drive train via the gears 13 or 60.
  • the graphic Fig. 2 illustrates the mode of operation of the embodiments according to the invention very clearly.
  • the graphic Fig. 2 shows the power limit of the internal combustion engine 10, preferably designed as a diesel engine. That is the maximum power that the diesel engine is able to deliver.
  • the graphic shows the performance limit of the entire hybrid system, i.e. the sum of the performance of the combustion diesel engine 10 and the electric motor 70, the hydraulic motor 72, the generator / motor unit 73, and the hydraulic pump / motor unit 23.
  • the curve contained in the graphic shows the Power requirement for the shredding task.
  • the power peaks is additionally generated by the additional power of the electric motor 70, or hydraulic motor 72, or the gerator / electric motor units 73, or from the hydraulic pump / motor unit 23, in addition to the internal combustion engine 10 covered.
  • the remaining part up to the performance limit can be used by the generator 20, the hydraulic pump 22, the generator / electric motor unit 73, the hydraulic pump / motor unit 23 to charge the energy stores 50 and 52 .
  • the direction of rotation of the electric motor 70, or the generator / electric motor unit 73, hydraulic motor 72, or the hydraulic pump / motor unit 23 is changed immediately. This also results in a change in the direction of rotation of the shredding shafts 90/91, and a so-called reversing process of the shafts 90/91 is thus initiated.
  • a so-called free movement of the shredding shaft 90/91 is to be achieved.
  • the control process described above determines the corresponding speed, maximum permissible power consumption of the electric motor 70, or the generator / electric motor unit 73, or the maximum pressure from the hydraulic motor 72, or the hydraulic pump / motor unit 23, and the duration of the changed direction of rotation, freely selectable by the control.
  • the continuously variable transmission 40 It is not necessarily intended to use the continuously variable transmission 40 to make rapid changes in the speed of the shredding shaft 90/91. Rather, the best speed and thus torque range of the shredding shaft 90/91 with the continuously variable transmission 40 should preferably be continuously and continuously adapted to the shredding task by means of an intelligent and self-learning control.
  • the embodiments 120 with the generator 20 and the electric motor 70, the embodiment 220 with the hydraulic pump 22 and the hydraulic motor 72, in connection with the continuously variable transmission 40 can also be developed in such a way that, as in the embodiment 110 with the generator / electric motor unit 73 , and in the embodiment 210 with hydraulic pump / motor unit 23, the continuously variable transmission 40 is used.
  • the drawings show exemplary embodiments 100, 110, 120, 200, 210 and 220.
  • 10 is the diesel or internal combustion engine
  • 11 is a reduction or transmission gear for adapting the speed of the internal combustion engine 10 to the main gear 80
  • 12 is the first gear for the output to the components 20, 22, 13, the further gear as input and output Outflow of components 23 and 73
  • 20 the generator 21 the AC / DC converter or frequency converter
  • 23 the hydraulic pump / motor unit
  • 30 the clutch
  • 40 the continuously variable transmission
  • 50 the electrical energy storage 51 the energy management required for this
  • 52 the hydraulic energy store
  • 60 the second gearbox for the output of the components 70 and 72
  • 70 the electric motor 71 the DC / AC converter
  • 72 the hydraulic motor
  • 73 the electric generator / motor unit
  • 80 the main gearbox
  • 90/91 the two shredding shafts 100 the control for all components.
  • gears 11, 12, 13 and 60 described in the various embodiments other transmission or transmission elements, such as V-belts or toothed belts, etc., can also be provided.
  • the training as a gear or spur gear is only an example here.
  • the drawings show exemplary embodiments 100, 110, 120, 200, 210 and 220.
  • 10 is the diesel or internal combustion engine
  • 11 is a reduction or transmission gear for adapting the speed of the internal combustion engine 10 to the main gear 80
  • 12 is the first gear for the output to the components 20, 22, 13, the further gear as input and output Outflow of components 23 and 73
  • 20 the generator 21 the AC / DC converter or frequency converter
  • 23 the hydraulic pump / motor unit
  • 30 the clutch
  • 40 the continuously variable transmission
  • 50 the electrical energy storage 51 the energy management required for this
  • 52 the hydraulic energy storage
  • 60 the second gearbox for the output of the components 70 and 72
  • 70 the electric motor 71 the DC / AC converter
  • 72 the hydraulic motor
  • 73 the electric generator / motor unit
  • 80 the main gear
  • 90/91 the two shredding shafts 100 the control for all components.
  • gears 11, 12, 13 and 60 described in the various embodiments other transmission or transmission elements, such as V-belts or toothed belts, etc., can also be provided.
  • the training as a gear or spur gear is only an example here.
  • the shredding shaft 90/91 an internal combustion engine (diesel engine) 10
  • a first gear 11 for adjusting the speed
  • another gear 12 for coupling with the generator
  • the generator 20 for converting mechanical energy of the internal combustion engine 10 into electrical energy
  • the AC / DC converter 21 the clutch 30
  • the internal combustion engine 10, the generator 20 and the electric motor 70 with gear 60 are provided in this exemplary embodiment 100 in a parallel hybrid arrangement, the shredding shaft 90/91 being drivable with both the electric motor 70 and the internal combustion engine 10 when the clutch 30 is closed.
  • the division of the power components or the torque components of the internal combustion engine 10 and the electric motor 70 can take place depending on the speed of the shredding shaft 90/91 with the clutch 30 engaged.
  • the first gear 11 is designed here as a spur gear in order to adapt the speed of the internal combustion engine 10 to the main gear 80.
  • the second gear 12 increases the speed of the generator 20.
  • the third gear 60 With the third gear 60, the speed of the electric motor 70 is reduced to the desired input speed of the gear 80. This enables a smaller design of the electric motor 70, since otherwise - without the third gear 60 the electric motor 70 would have to generate a large torque at comparatively low speeds, which can only be achieved by a larger design of the electric motor 70.
  • the third gear 60 can also be used to reverse the direction of rotation of the shredding shaft 90/91, the electric motor 70 being operated in the opposite direction of rotation when the clutch 30 is disengaged.
  • the mobile waste shredding device of the embodiment 100 furthermore comprises an AC / DC converter 21, and a DC / AC converter 71, an energy storage device (for example a rechargeable battery) 50 with energy storage management 51 for storing electrical energy generated by the generator 20.
  • the mobile waste shredding device 100 also includes a control device 100 for controlling the internal combustion engine 10, generator 20 and electric motor 70 in order to provide the required power or a required torque and speed for the shredding shaft 90/91, and for sufficient loading of the Energy storage 50 to ensure.
  • the control device 100 can also serve to control the energy store 50 if no separate energy management 51 is provided.
  • Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment 110 of the waste shredding device according to the invention.
  • the same reference symbols here denote the same components as in FIG. 100. Only the additional or modified components are described below.
  • the electric motor 70 and the generator 20 from the first embodiment 100 are designed here as a motor / generator unit 73.
  • the internal combustion engine 10 and the motor / generator unit 73 are each coupled to a transmission arrangement 13, this transmission being located after the gearbox 30 compared to the first embodiment 100.
  • This gear 13 is in turn coupled to the main gear 80 and this with the shredding shaft 90/91.
  • the internal combustion engine 10 and the motor / generator unit 73 with AC / DC / DC / AC converter 74 are in this embodiment 110 also in a parallel hybrid arrangement, which means that the shredding shaft 90/91 via the main gear 80, both with the Internal combustion engine 10, as well as with the motor / generator unit 73 can be driven.
  • both the predominant part of the mechanical power of the internal combustion engine 10 and the mechanical power of the motor / generator unit 73 can be used for driving the shredding shaft 90/91.
  • the energy store 50 can be charged via the energy management 51 by the motor / generator unit 73 generating electrical energy mechanically driven by the internal combustion engine 10 .
  • the energy store 50 is not charged by the generator 20, and the direction of rotation is not changed by the motor 70, but rather by the generator / motor unit 73.
  • embodiment 110 Since a generator / electric motor unit 73 is provided in embodiment 110 compared to embodiment 100, it is supplied with electrical energy from an AC / DC / DC / AC. Otherwise, embodiment 110 is implemented like embodiment 100.
  • FIG. 11 shows a third embodiment 120 of the mobile waste shredding device according to the invention, which is similar in structure to the first embodiment 100.
  • the same reference symbols denote the same components as in FIG Fig. 3 in embodiment 100. Therefore, only the additional components will be described below.
  • the mobile waste shredding device comprises a first transmission 11, a second transmission 12
  • the continuously variable transmission 40 is additionally provided, in which the translation and thus the speed at the input of the main gear 80, and thus at the shafts 90/91 can be continuously adjusted.
  • Fig. 6 shows a fourth embodiment 200 of the mobile waste shredding device according to the invention, analogous to the first embodiment 100, but which is based on a hydraulic and non-electric drive concept.
  • the mobile waste shredding device 200 comprises a shredding shaft 90/91; an internal combustion engine 10; a hydraulic pump 22 coupled to internal combustion engine 100 via transmission 12 for converting mechanical energy of internal combustion engine 10 into hydraulic energy; a hydraulic accumulator 52 for storing hydraulic energy generated by the hydraulic pump 22; and a hydraulic motor 72 supplied with this hydraulic energy, for driving the at least one shredding shaft 90/90, via the gears 60 and 80, and a hydrostatic control unit 31.
  • the hydraulic accumulator 52 preferably comprises a gas-filled pressure vessel in which a hydraulic fluid is stored under pressure and can release hydraulic energy when the pressure is released.
  • the internal combustion engine 10 and the hydraulic motor 72 are provided in a power-split hybrid arrangement.
  • the other components of embodiment 200 that is to say except for 22, 31, 72 and 52, are identical in function to embodiment 100.
  • Fig. 7 shows a fifth embodiment 210 of the mobile waste shredding device according to the invention, analogous to the second embodiment 110, but which is also based on a hydraulic and non-electric drive concept.
  • inventions 110 and 210 differ essentially in that the generator / motor unit 73 of embodiment 110 is replaced by a hydraulic pump / motor unit 23 in embodiment 210.
  • the energy store 50 is also a hydraulic hydraulic store 52.
  • the regulation and control units 31 in the energy storage circuit also change analogously Function includes.
  • Fig. 8 shows a further sixth embodiment 220 of the mobile waste shredding device according to the invention, analogous to the third embodiment 120, but which is based on a hydraulic and non-electric drive concept.
  • the same reference symbols denote the same components as in FIG Fig. 5 in embodiment 120. Therefore, only the additional components will be described below.
  • the embodiment 220 like the embodiment 120, contains a continuously variable transmission between the transmission 60 and the main transmission 80, but with a hydrostatic and non-hydraulic drive concept.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
EP16172388.7A 2016-06-01 2016-06-01 Mobile abfallzerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit parallelem hybridantrieb Active EP3251748B1 (de)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16172388.7A EP3251748B1 (de) 2016-06-01 2016-06-01 Mobile abfallzerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit parallelem hybridantrieb
PL16172388T PL3251748T3 (pl) 2016-06-01 2016-06-01 Ruchome urządzenie do rozdrabniania z równoległym napędem hybrydowym
ES16172388T ES2880953T3 (es) 2016-06-01 2016-06-01 Dispositivo triturador de residuos móvil con accionamiento híbrido paralelo
BR112018074645A BR112018074645A2 (pt) 2016-06-01 2017-05-23 dispositivo móvel para trituração de resíduos.
US16/306,414 US11097281B2 (en) 2016-06-01 2017-05-23 Mobile waste comminuting device comprising a parallel hybrid drive system
CN201780034398.2A CN109414699B (zh) 2016-06-01 2017-05-23 包括并联混合驱动装置的移动式废物切碎装置
PCT/EP2017/062403 WO2017207350A1 (de) 2016-06-01 2017-05-23 Mobile abfallzerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit parallelem hybridantrieb

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16172388.7A EP3251748B1 (de) 2016-06-01 2016-06-01 Mobile abfallzerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit parallelem hybridantrieb

Publications (2)

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EP3251748A1 EP3251748A1 (de) 2017-12-06
EP3251748B1 true EP3251748B1 (de) 2021-05-05

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US (1) US11097281B2 (pt)
EP (1) EP3251748B1 (pt)
CN (1) CN109414699B (pt)
BR (1) BR112018074645A2 (pt)
ES (1) ES2880953T3 (pt)
PL (1) PL3251748T3 (pt)
WO (1) WO2017207350A1 (pt)

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US11293155B2 (en) * 2018-10-10 2022-04-05 Maximum Density LLC Landfill compactor
GB2587218B (en) * 2019-09-18 2022-12-07 Terex Gb Ltd Machine with configurable power system
GB2617282B (en) * 2019-09-18 2024-05-15 Terex Gb Ltd Machine with configurable power system
CN112206895A (zh) * 2020-05-13 2021-01-12 青岛海鲸环境科技有限公司 一种撕碎机防堵料装置
IT202100006017A1 (it) * 2021-03-15 2022-09-15 Danieli Off Mecc Pressa cesoia per processare rottami metallici
DE102021116709A1 (de) * 2021-06-29 2022-12-29 Kleemann Gmbh Mineralbearbeitungsanlage

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US4624417A (en) * 1983-06-17 1986-11-25 Newest, Inc. Process for converting solid waste and sewage sludge into energy sources and separate recyclable by-products
CN2819637Y (zh) * 2005-09-15 2006-09-20 林中选 碎纸机
US7757987B2 (en) * 2007-12-13 2010-07-20 Vecoplan, Llc Mobile shredder
US9700896B1 (en) * 2013-02-16 2017-07-11 Organic Energy Corporation Systems and methods for processing mixed solid waste
US8517294B2 (en) * 2010-03-30 2013-08-27 Shred-Tech Corporation Motor vehicle for collecting paper and having battery to assist in propulsion
US9125347B2 (en) * 2010-12-23 2015-09-08 Michael D. Morey Waste processing system, machine and method thereof
CN202122998U (zh) * 2011-05-30 2012-01-25 长兴日月环保机械有限公司 多联装粉碎机
CN202590855U (zh) * 2012-04-17 2012-12-12 成都大宏立机器制造有限公司 一种破碎机动辊液压系统
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WO2014039603A1 (en) * 2012-09-06 2014-03-13 Newton Engine Corporation Drive apparatus
CN104014411B (zh) * 2014-06-23 2016-05-04 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司 一种电驱动的移动破碎站

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CN109414699B (zh) 2021-06-08
US20200316611A1 (en) 2020-10-08
US11097281B2 (en) 2021-08-24
ES2880953T3 (es) 2021-11-26
BR112018074645A2 (pt) 2019-03-06
PL3251748T3 (pl) 2021-09-27
EP3251748A1 (de) 2017-12-06
CN109414699A (zh) 2019-03-01
WO2017207350A1 (de) 2017-12-07

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