EP3250760B1 - Dispositif de retenue d'eau - Google Patents

Dispositif de retenue d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3250760B1
EP3250760B1 EP16701780.5A EP16701780A EP3250760B1 EP 3250760 B1 EP3250760 B1 EP 3250760B1 EP 16701780 A EP16701780 A EP 16701780A EP 3250760 B1 EP3250760 B1 EP 3250760B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dam
downstream
flexible jack
flexible
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP16701780.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3250760A1 (fr
Inventor
Alexandre LOCHU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electricite de France SA
Original Assignee
Electricite de France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Electricite de France SA filed Critical Electricite de France SA
Publication of EP3250760A1 publication Critical patent/EP3250760A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3250760B1 publication Critical patent/EP3250760B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
    • E02B7/02—Fixed barrages
    • E02B7/04—Dams across valleys
    • E02B7/08—Wall dams
    • E02B7/12—Arch dams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
    • E02B7/02—Fixed barrages
    • E02B7/04—Dams across valleys
    • E02B7/08—Wall dams

Definitions

  • the invention lies in the field of hydraulic restraints.
  • It relates more specifically to a water retaining device comprising a dam, a downstream comfort that bears against the downstream wall of the dam through a support device for controlling the forces exerted by the downstream wall of the dam on said comfort.
  • the invention therefore aims to solve the aforementioned drawbacks of the state of the art and to propose a technical solution that allows to control either autonomously or in a controlled manner, the forces exerted by the downstream wall of a dam hydraulic restraint on its downstream comfort, and in a simple way to model and monitor.
  • the invention also aims to provide a solution that can be implemented under water and is therefore applicable to dams with a downstream water level (such as the dam Vouglans, located on the river of the Ain in France).
  • An additional objective of the invention is to propose interface means which are less expensive than the devices known from the state of the art.
  • the invention is defined in claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a water retaining device comprising a dam and a comfort, disposed downstream of said dam, said "downstream comfort”.
  • this device comprises at least one flexible jack inserted between the downstream facing of said dam and the upstream facing said comfort, this flexible jack comprises a chamber inside which is stored water, this chamber being delimited at least in part by a deformable membrane, this chamber being maintained under pressure by pressurizing means.
  • the invention also relates to a water retaining device comprising a dam and a comfort, disposed downstream of said dam, said "downstream comfort”.
  • this device comprises at least one flexible jack inserted between said dam and said comfort
  • this flexible jack comprises a membrane which delimits a chamber inside which is stored water, this chamber being maintained under pressure by pressurizing means and said flexible jack is arranged so that one of its faces, called “upstream”, is in contact with the downstream face of said dam and that another of its faces, called “downstream” or in contact with the upstream face of said downstream comfort.
  • the water retaining device 1 comprises a dam 2 and a reinforcement 3.
  • the dam 2 is an arch dam, made of concrete, that is to say an arcuate dam, whose concavity is turned downstream and which allows to postpone a portion of the forces due to the thrust water on the banks, rather than on the dam itself.
  • the dam 2 rests on the ground S and has an upstream facing 21, facing the water E retained by the dam 2, and a downstream facing 22, located opposite.
  • the reinforcement 3 is a reinforcing structure preferably in concrete, disposed on the downstream side of the dam, generally but not necessarily of less height than the dam 2 and which aims to unload the dam of a portion of the hydrostatic pressure to which it is subjected by the water reservoir E.
  • the reinforcement 3 also rests on the ground S and has an upstream facing 31 and a downstream facing opposite 32.
  • upstream facing designates all the faces facing upstream (respectively downstream) of the structure (dam or reinforcement). , that it is the main face of this work which can possibly be curved or a face of an element (beam, sill) protruding from this main face.
  • At least one flexible jack 4 is disposed between the downstream face 22 of the dam 2 and the upstream face 31 of the reinforcement 3, (see FIG. figure 3 ).
  • the flexible jack also called “airbag”
  • the flexible jack also called “airbag”
  • the flexible jack comprises a deformable body consisting of a membrane 40.
  • the membrane 40 defines a chamber 41 inside which can be introduced a liquid, for example water .
  • the admission of liquid inside the chamber defined by the body of the flexible cylinder 4 allows to put it under pressure.
  • the flexible jack 4 is arranged so that one of its faces 401, called “upstream”, is in contact with the downstream face 22 of said dam (2) and another of its faces 402, called “downstream”, is in contact with the upstream facing 31 of said downstream comfort 3.
  • the deformable membrane 40 may be made of different materials able to deform elastically.
  • these materials have a thickness less than their other dimensions (length and width) and their bending stiffness is lower than their tensile rigidity.
  • an elastomer material such as rubber, a composite consisting of a textile support covered with elastomer and / or a plastic material or a metal sheet, for example a metal sheet.
  • steel able to deform elastically.
  • such a sheet is able to withstand elastic deformation.
  • the deformable membrane 40 is made entirely of a single material, such as one of those mentioned above.
  • a deformable membrane 40 composed of different materials.
  • the central part of the deformable membrane 40 (which corresponds substantially to that including its upstream face 401 and its downstream face 402), made of a first material, for example in the aforementioned metal sheet. and having the upper and lower ends of this membrane 40 made of a different material, for example in the aforementioned elastomer or composite.
  • the central portion of the membrane 40 made of a rigid material, for example a metal material, and to have only the ends of the membrane 40 made of an elastically deformable material.
  • the body of the flexible cylinder retains its deformable character that allows it to adapt to pressure variations.
  • upstream face 401 and the downstream face 402 of the flexible jack 4 can also be fixed indissolubly respectively to the downstream face 22 of the dam 2 and to the upstream face 31 of the downstream reinforcement 3.
  • a flexible jack 4 whose chamber 41 is delimited on the one hand by a portion of the downstream face 22 of the dam 2 and by a portion of the upstream face 31 of the reinforcement 3 and on the other hand by a membrane deformable 40 made in one of the aforementioned materials.
  • this membrane 40 has substantially the shape of a ribbon of material whose two ends are connected to form a ring.
  • downstream annular edge of this ring is fixed over its entire circumference to the upstream face 31 by fixing means 44, while its upstream annular edge is also fixed over its entire circumference to the downstream face 22 by the fastening means 45.
  • the membrane 40 is connected to a pipe 5 (or stitching) which passes through the thickness of the dam 2.
  • This pipe 5 opens at its upstream end 51 on the upstream face 21 of the dam 2, while its opposite end 52, called “end downstream ", is in fluid communication with the interior of the chamber 41 of the flexible jack 4.
  • a valve 53 is interposed between the end 52 of the duct and the flexible jack 4.
  • the value of the hydrostatic pressure is therefore directly related to the altitude at which one is under water, which explains why it is particularly strong at the base of the dam, where is the greatest height of water , (see arrows i the longest).
  • each flexible cylinder 4 Due to the communication of the flexible cylinder 4 with the water contained in the water reservoir, the counter-pressure exerted by each flexible cylinder 4 is equal to the hydrostatic pressure exerted on the upstream face 21 of the dam.
  • the flexible cylinders 4 are not disposed on the entire downstream face 22 of the dam but only on a portion of its surface.
  • the average pressure (represented by the arrows k) exerted on the downstream face 22 of the dam is only a percentage of the pressure in the cylinders 4 (which is equal to the hydrostatic pressure generated by the water reservoir in this first mode of realization) and this average pressure is determined by the ratio: (total width of the flexible jacks 4 at a given altitude) / (width of the downstream facing 22 at the same altitude).
  • the number and the distribution of the flexible cylinders will be adapted according to the efforts that one wishes to transmit between the dam 2 and its comfort 3.
  • downstream end 52 of the duct opens into the upper part of the chamber 41 delimited by the membrane 40.
  • the end 52 of the duct 5 can open into any part of the chamber 41 and this has no effect on the hydrostatic pressure prevailing at a given point in the chamber 41, since this This is related to the difference between the altitude of the surface of the water E in the reservoir and the altitude (depth) of this given point, as explained above.
  • the altitude at which the upstream end 51 of the conduit 5 opens determines the level of water E below which the hydraulic coupling between the water reservoir E and the flexible cylinder 4 no longer exists. If it is desired to maintain this coupling, it will be necessary to adjust the altitude of the end 51 taking into account the minimum level of water E in the reservoir during operation.
  • the pressurization of the flexible jack 4 with the aid of the duct 5 makes it possible to have an autonomous device which supplies, on the downstream side of the dam 2, an isobaric back pressure at the hydrostatic pressure prevailing on the upstream side of the dam.
  • the chamber 41 of each of them can be connected to a conduit 5 passing through the dam 2 (there are therefore as many ducts 5 as flexible cylinders 4 (see figure 3 )) or these chambers 41 can be connected to a single conduit 5 which feeds them all in liquid, or several ducts 5 can each supply several cylinders.
  • the flexible cylinders 4 can be pressurized by a hydraulic stitching 61 connected to an additional reservoir 6 other than the restraint of the dam (see figure 6 ).
  • This additional water reservoir 6 makes it possible to maintain the flexible jack 4 at a given hydrostatic pressure, which may be identical, higher or lower, than that prevailing at a given altitude in the water reservoir E, depending on the altitude of this tank and its level of filling.
  • the altitude of the surface of the water in the reservoir 6 is greater than that of the water reservoir E, which makes it possible to obtain a hydrostatic pressure in the cylinder 4 greater than that which could be obtained with the water reservoir via the pipe 5.
  • the flexible jack 4 can be pressurized with a pressurizing pump 7, via a pipe 71.
  • the altitude z 0 of the zero point of pressure corresponds to the level of the surface of the water reservoir E.
  • the point of zero pressure corresponds to the level of the surface of the reservoir. 6.
  • a pressure p 0 is imposed on the altitude of the pump z 0 , then it varies linearly according to the same formula over the height of the flexible cylinder 4.
  • the flexible jack 4 can be pressurized selectively either by the pipe 5, or by the additional water tank 6, or by the pump 7 and this, using a multi-way valve 8, here a four-way valve, connected to the cylinder by a pipe 44.
  • the reservoir 6 and the pump 7 can thus serve as backup means if the conduit 5 was closed for example.
  • the operation of the tank 6 and / or the pump 7 and the valve 8 can be achieved by a control device 9 (central unit) itself controlled by a sensor 90 for measuring the pressure upstream of the dam 2, (see figure 6 ).
  • means 42 for evacuating the air (purging) and means 43 for emptying can be provided respectively at the top and bottom of the flexible jack 4.
  • the emptying means 43 allow the cylinder 4 to be emptied either completely in the case of maintenance, or partially to regulate the pressure in the cylinder. They can also be actuated by the control device 9.
  • the flexible cylinders 4 are constituted by "strands" arranged vertically or substantially vertically, preferably but not necessarily over the entire height of the comfort 3 (the latter being visible only on the figure 5 ).
  • the spacing between two cylinders may be different from one to the other, as well as their width and height.
  • the flexible cylinders 4 can also be arranged horizontally (see for example the right half of the figure 8 ). They can also be arranged according to several horizontal rows or several vertical columns (see for example the left half of the Figure 8 ). On this same left part of the Figure 8 it can be seen that these flexible cylinders 4 can be arranged for example in staggered rows in different rows.
  • the flexible cylinders 4 are positioned so that one of their face is in direct contact with the downstream face 22 of the dam 2 and that their opposite face is in contact with the upstream face. 31 of the buttress 3.
  • at least one of the faces of the flexible jack could be arranged against a support beam, that is to say a concrete section integral with the dam 2 or the comfort 3 , or like any other rigid support device.
  • Such beams 33 secured to the reinforcement 3 and such beams 23 integral with the dam 2 are visible on the figure 3 .
  • such support beams can make it possible to flatten the bearing surface of the cylinders 4, and to make it vertical.
  • the use of support beams also makes it possible to reduce the space to be filled by the flexible jacks 4, it is ie their thickness once filled.
  • this allows for example to provide sufficient space between the facing of the dam and comfort to access the foot of the dam (well), while limiting the thickness of the flexible cylinders 4.
  • This is of particular interest for feasibility insofar as the tensile stresses prevailing in the diaphragm of the flexible cylinders are directly proportional to the thickness of the cylinders.
  • the invention has in particular the technical advantages mentioned below.
  • the monitoring of the flexible cylinders is easy and they can be implemented under water, which makes them applicable to dams with a water level downstream.
  • the use of flexible cylinders allows for a self-adaptive device.
  • the force transmitted between the dam 2 and the reinforcement 3 is constant and known and this, whatever their deformations and relative displacements, for example due to thermal expansion, creep or swelling.
  • the walls of the flexible jack can move away or closer to follow the movements of the dam 2 and the comfort 3, without affecting the effort transferred to the comfort 3.
  • the solution of the invention also has the following economic and environmental advantages: The total cost is reduced relative to the cost of the neoprene supports and their calibration and auscultation system.
  • the flexible cylinders can be put in place whatever the state of stress of the dam (induced in particular by the level of filling of the tank E, but also by the thermal state of the dam 2) when the reinforcement is put into service 3.
  • the state of stress of the dam induced in particular by the level of filling of the tank E, but also by the thermal state of the dam 2
  • the reinforcement is put into service 3.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to avoid significant operating losses and reduces the environmental impact associated with the emptying necessary with the solutions of the state of the art.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Barrages (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
EP16701780.5A 2015-01-27 2016-01-27 Dispositif de retenue d'eau Not-in-force EP3250760B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1550609A FR3031992B1 (fr) 2015-01-27 2015-01-27 Dispositif de retenue d'eau
PCT/EP2016/051721 WO2016120339A1 (fr) 2015-01-27 2016-01-27 Dispositif de retenue d'eau

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3250760A1 EP3250760A1 (fr) 2017-12-06
EP3250760B1 true EP3250760B1 (fr) 2018-10-24

Family

ID=52779899

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16701780.5A Not-in-force EP3250760B1 (fr) 2015-01-27 2016-01-27 Dispositif de retenue d'eau

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US10119235B2 (pt)
EP (1) EP3250760B1 (pt)
CN (1) CN107208392B (pt)
ES (1) ES2707367T3 (pt)
FR (1) FR3031992B1 (pt)
PT (1) PT3250760T (pt)
WO (1) WO2016120339A1 (pt)
ZA (1) ZA201704941B (pt)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR112020019220A2 (pt) * 2018-04-09 2021-01-12 Nk Trading And Engineering Gmbh Estrutura de suporte de parede de barragem de água para uma barragem e método para melhorar e/ou reparar uma barragem incluindo cessação de vazamentos de água
CN110258475A (zh) * 2019-06-04 2019-09-20 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 检修洞改建为生态供水洞的改建结构
CN112012242B (zh) * 2020-05-07 2022-06-03 中交公路规划设计院有限公司 沉管隧道推出式最终接头压接方法
CN114855709A (zh) * 2021-07-08 2022-08-05 张征骥 组合水坝与纾压法
CN113789759B (zh) * 2021-09-24 2022-06-21 中国矿业大学(北京) 一种煤矿地下水库装配式弧形人工坝体及其构筑方法

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US994666A (en) * 1910-07-12 1911-06-06 George J Bancroft Dam construction.
US1077791A (en) * 1913-03-26 1913-11-04 Geert Blaauw Cellular dam.
US1814509A (en) * 1929-05-11 1931-07-14 Groner Christian Fredrik Dam
US2226201A (en) * 1938-08-01 1940-12-24 Freyssinet Eugene Jack apparatus
DE969242C (de) * 1941-11-28 1958-05-14 Wayss & Freytag A G Verfahren zur Verstaerkung von Staumauern
FR1063324A (fr) * 1951-08-20 1954-05-03 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Barrage de retenue hydraulique en voûte
US3854291A (en) * 1972-12-26 1974-12-17 E Perkins Self-cleaning filter for hydrological regeneration
JPS6062315A (ja) * 1983-09-16 1985-04-10 Bando Chem Ind Ltd ゴム堰
SU1477825A1 (ru) * 1987-05-11 1989-05-07 Украинское отделение Всесоюзного проектно-изыскательского и научно-исследовательского института "Гидропроект" им.С.Я.Жука Плотина
CN101501277B (zh) * 2006-06-23 2011-11-23 汉斯·克里司汀·贝姆 用于水电站坝的可调堤堰
CN201439595U (zh) * 2009-06-08 2010-04-21 中国水电顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院 坝体下游坝趾区基岩的加固结构

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107208392B (zh) 2018-11-16
CN107208392A (zh) 2017-09-26
WO2016120339A1 (fr) 2016-08-04
ZA201704941B (en) 2019-06-26
ES2707367T3 (es) 2019-04-03
US20180119378A1 (en) 2018-05-03
FR3031992B1 (fr) 2017-02-24
US10119235B2 (en) 2018-11-06
FR3031992A1 (fr) 2016-07-29
EP3250760A1 (fr) 2017-12-06
PT3250760T (pt) 2019-02-04

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