Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
  • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
  • C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
  • A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
  • A23J1/006—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from vegetable materials
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
  • A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
  • A23J1/02—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from meat
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
  • A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
  • A23J1/04—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from fish or other sea animals

Definitions

• This invention relates to chemical technologies, more specifically, to liquid-phase extraction of target products from various types of raw materials, and can be used in various branches of science and technology.
• the raw material is crushed, treated with an alkaline solution, acid-deposited with agitation and separated from the solution, wherein, aiming at increasing the quality of the target product and its storage life, the alkaline solution treatment of the raw material is carried out at pH 10- 1 1 , acid is used to deposit the lipid-protein complex and the protein concentrate is separated by treating the deposited complex with a mixture of ethyl alcohol and a haloid-organic solvent at 10-20°C.
• Disadvantages of said known method are long process duration caused by non-optimum target product separation conditions and the use of solvents that are not approved for food production (acetone and ethyl acetate) which limits the applications of the target product.
• the technical task solved using the technical solution provided herein is developing a technology of obtaining a protein product from protein raw materials of animal or vegetable origin, said technology being suitable for use in the food industry.
• the technical result achieved using said technical solution is optimization of protein product process conditions leading to an acceleration of the process combined with broadening the application range of the target product making it suitable for the food industry.
• an extraction agent that is approved for use in the food industry allows the use of the target protein product obtained as per the process provided herein in the food industry because it does not contain any impurities that are not permitted in food products.
• the high pressure treatment of the protein raw material with an organic extraction agent significantly accelerates the extraction process.
• the grinding of said degreased and dehydrated protein raw material broadens its application range in the food industry.
• Said protein raw material can be fish, sea food, vegetable raw materials and animal raw materials, including processing waste of carcasses of birds and animals, including marine ones.
• said protein raw material before treatment with an extraction agent said protein raw material is cut into pieces of within 10 cm in size. This increases the area of contact between the protein raw material being treated and the extraction agent and hence improves the quality of processing combined with its acceleration.
• said treatment is carried out in perforated containers installed inside air-proof tanks, the pressure in said container being within 15 atm. Operation experience suggests that increasing pressure to above 15 atm. is not expedient.
• Said perforated container is preferably installed so as to provide a gap relative to the tank bottom. This gap is used for feeding a mixture comprising the fat of said protein raw material, water and said extraction agent. Following that said mixture is preferably directed to a separator for separation into the above three components, i.e. fat, water and extraction agent.
• Said extraction agent is preferably further directed for regeneration and then recycled back to the process.
• said extraction agent is hexane, heptane, various alcohols or dimethyl ether. This list does not limit the choice of reactants which can be used as extraction agents.
• the thickness of the raw material layer loaded into the process depends on a number of factors, yet typically it is within 1 m.
• the time of treatment process completion is usually identified by stopping of the accumulation of the water and fat phases carried by the extraction agent out of the treated raw material.
• Said production line comprises at least one tank capable of operation under pressures of within 15 atm. and at least one mill capable of grinding treated raw material to powder, wherein a perforated container is installed inside said tank, and said tank comprises a hatch for loading said protein raw material and unloading the degreased and dehydrated protein raw material, a port for feeding the organic reactant and ports for the removal of the liquid phase and fat.
• said container may further comprise a port for the removal of the extraction agent, fat and water mixture to a separator for the separation of said mixture into extraction agent, fat and water.
• said mixture can be removed through a loading/unloading hatch.
• the production line provided herein may further comprise a separator for the separation of said extraction agent, fat and water mixture.
• Said production line may further comprise a mill for preliminary crushing of the protein raw material.
• said production line comprises at least two or, more preferably, four tanks installed in parallel.
• Said production line may further comprise a device for pumping said extraction agent, fat and water mixture to said separator.
• said perforated container is installed so as to provide a gap relative to the tank bottom.
• said perforated container is made from metallic mesh.
• a percolator (an extractor) is loaded with 600 kg of raw material (chick carcasses) preliminarily crushed to 3-10 cm sized pieces.
• the extractor is pressurized.
• the extraction agent gaseous dimethyl ether
• the duration of the extraction cycle is 3 h.
• 90 kg water and 210 kg fat are extracted from the poultry raw material.
• the percolator contains poultry protein and a mineral residue in a total quantity of 300 kg.
• Dimethyl ether with extracted fat and water are directed for the separation of the extracted fat and water phases from each other and from the extraction agent.
• the output protein is directed for grinding to standard milling equipment.
• the final protein product can be used.
• a percolator (an extractor) is loaded with 500 kg of skinless and boneless raw material (pork, veal etc.). The extractor is pressurized. The extraction agent (gaseous hexane) is fed into the percolator (extractor) under an 8-10 atm. pressure. The duration of the extraction cycle is 4 h. During this time, 120 kg water and 200 kg animal fat are extracted from the animal raw material. Upon its completion the percolator (extractor) contains animal protein in a quantity of 180 kg. Hexane with extracted animal fat and water are directed for the separation of the extracted fat and water phases. The output protein is directed for grinding to standard milling equipment.
• the extraction agent gaseous hexane
• the final protein product can be used in various branches of the food industry.

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
• Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

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Publications (2)

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• 2015
  • 2015-08-03 EP EP15896472.6A patent/EP3244984A4/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2015-08-03 WO PCT/RU2015/000484 patent/WO2016209104A1/en active Application Filing

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