Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
  • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
  • B32B3/263—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer having non-uniform thickness
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
  • B41M3/06—Veined printings; Fluorescent printings; Stereoscopic images; Imitated patterns, e.g. tissues, textiles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
  • B41M3/18—Particular kinds of wallpapers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
  • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
  • B44F1/00—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects
  • B44F1/08—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects characterised by colour effects
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
  • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
  • B44F7/00—Designs imitating three-dimensional effects
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
  • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
  • B44F9/00—Designs imitating natural patterns
  • B44F9/08—Designs imitating natural patterns of crystalline structures, pearl effects, or mother-of-pearl effects
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
  • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
  • C09C1/0015—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D11/00—Inks
  • C09D11/02—Printing inks
  • C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
  • C09D11/037—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/40—Additives
  • C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
  • B41M3/14—Security printing

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for producing a three-dimensional appearing pattern in a coating, in particular for producing a directly visible, three-dimensional appearing pattern in a coating containing platelet-shaped effect pigments on a substrate, on one after such
• Decorative three-dimensional pattern-containing coatings on wallpaper, furniture decorating films or packaging materials are known and are preferably used for higher quality goods or luxury packaging, because they give the end products containing them a special charisma.
• the corresponding substrates and / or the coatings applied thereto are structured such that they have a tactile, three-dimensional surface structure. This effect is often very desirable, for example, to give furniture décor foils with wood grain in addition to the wood-like appearance and a corresponding feel.
• Such structuring generally takes place via elaborate embossing processes, which however require a high outlay on equipment and increased production costs.
• WO 2012/079674 has recently disclosed in particular for decorative packaging materials a process in which three-dimensional patterns are produced in coatings containing platelet-shaped effect pigments by applying a flowable coating composition, which may contain platelet-shaped effect pigments, to a substrate is applied and in still unsolidified state with a pressure form for the high pressure, such as a Flexod jerk form, brought into contact so that the high pressure form produced in the still unconsolidated coating composition extremely small depressions in the micrometer range, the coating thus treated is then subjected to an immediate solidification process ,
• the coatings obtained by the above method have a visible three-dimensional effect of high brilliance and depth because the slight spatial disorientation of the effect pigments results in a very noticeable three-dimensional effect in the coating.
• the method requires the transport of a still uncured coating within a printing line from one coating unit to another, over longer distances, the coated substrate can vibrate and a guide of the freshly coated substrate via deflection rollers is not possible. It would therefore be very advantageous for certain applications to be able to obtain similarly spectacular three-dimensional effects on substrates in which prefabricated, patterned substrates transported over longer distances, stored in wound form and can be provided at any time with a three-dimensional effect coating.
• a process for the production of colored decor paper foils known in which the films provided with a three-dimensional surface structure are provided by overpainting a first printing layer containing a paint repellent and having a pattern.
• the paint repelling agent results in differences in thickness in the overcoat that ultimately produce a perceptible three-dimensional pattern.
• a printing method is also known from US Pat. No. 3,811,915, in which a three-dimensional wood pattern is produced by printing on a primer layer as a pattern layer a printing ink which contains a paint-repellent silicone compound in addition to customary color pigments and the printing ink vehicle.
• the topcoat layer applied thereto has not only a visible three-dimensional pattern with wood structure due to the paint-repelling effect of the silicone-containing layer, but also a palpable three-dimensional deformation of the surface of the coating.
• US Pat. No. 6,150,009 describes a decorative article which has on a substrate a pattern of a paint-repelling material consisting of wax, oil or silicone and wherein the surface portions of the substrate not coated with the paint-repelling material are coated with a colored resin which has a greater surface tension than the paint-repellent material. Since the paint-repelling material repels the subsequent resin coating so that the resin layer does not adhere to the parts of the substrate coated with the paint-repellent agent, paint surfaces of different thickness and thus tactile three-dimensional structure are obtained.
• the resin layer may contain platelet-shaped effect pigments.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a three-dimensional pattern in an effect pigment-containing coating on a substrate, with which directly and without aids visible, three-dimensional
• the coating can be produced in a coating, wherein the coating has a smooth, unembossed surface and in the coating the optical effects of the effect pigments used come into their own, an in depth, attractive three-dimensional appearing pattern even with a very small layer thickness of the
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a
• Coating on an unembossed substrate the coating having a smooth, unembossed outer surface and a three-dimensional appearing pattern formed by platelet-shaped effect pigments.
• An additional object of the present invention is to demonstrate a use for coatings produced in this way.
• the object of the present invention is achieved by a method for producing a three-dimensional pattern in an effect pigment-containing coating on a substrate, wherein a surface of a substrate, which is provided in partial areas with surface elements that represent a two-dimensional pattern, with a platelet-shaped effect pigments coated coating composition and this coating composition is solidified, wherein the portions of the substrate, which are provided with the surface elements and portions of the substrate, which are not provided with the surface elements, mutually different surface tensions ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 have, and wherein the platelet effect effect pigment-containing coating composition has a surface tension ⁇ 3 that is less than the surface tensions ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2.
• the object of the present invention is also achieved by a coating containing platelet-shaped effect pigments on a substrate which has a visible, three-dimensional appearing pattern and is produced by the method described above.
• the object of the invention is also achieved by the use of such a coating in decorative materials, packaging materials, artifacts and safety products.
• a substrate is used, the surface of which (at least one surface of a flat substrate) is provided in subregions with surface elements representing a two-dimensional pattern.
• Such a pretreated substrate can be prepared immediately prior to the implementation of the method according to the invention, but may also already be prefabricated. Since the substrate used and the surface elements applied thereto are (are) solid and dry, a substrate prefabricated in this way can be stored and transported in roll form as needed, without the risk of damage to the applied surface elements.
• the two-dimensional pattern which is formed by the surface elements, already constitutes the two-dimensional basic pattern for the pattern, which should be present in three-dimensional form after the method according to the invention has been carried out.
• the surface elements are produced by applying and solidifying a flowable first coating composition on the substrate.
• This coating composition contains at least one binder which, after application to the substrate by cures and / or dries various processes, but may also contain solvents and various auxiliaries and / or additives.
• this coating composition can be carried out by any conventional coating method, but is applied in particular by means of a customary printing method so as to enable the production of mass products.
• additives in addition to the auxiliaries customarily used in coating compositions, such as, for example, carbon black,
• Fillers UV stabilizers, inhibitors, flame retardants, lubricants, dispersants, redispersing agents, defoamers, leveling agents, film formers, adhesion promoters, drying accelerators, drying retardants, photoinitiators, etc., in particular also coloring pigments or dyes in question.
• pigments it is possible to use organic or inorganic absorption pigments and / or effect pigments, in particular flake-form effect pigments.
• Organic and inorganic absorption pigments, as well as dyes are commercially available in a variety of forms. Since according to the invention the use of such color pigments and dyes is not particularly limited, as long as the
• primer compositions which are usually used for the pretreatment of substrates such as paper, cardboard, wallpaper etc.
• primer compositions are commercially available from a variety of suppliers and usually contain at least one binder as well as often a solvent, which may be water or an organic solvent or solvent mixture.
• Suitable binders are customary binders or binder systems which are usually used in coating processes of various kinds, for example aqueous or solvent-containing binders based on nitrocellulose, polyamide, acrylic, polyvinyl butyral, PVC, PUR or suitable mixtures thereof, as long as they produced surface elements meet the conditions of the invention with respect to the surface tension, which is easily determined by simple preliminary tests.
• aqueous or solvent-containing binders based on nitrocellulose, polyamide, acrylic, polyvinyl butyral, PVC, PUR or suitable mixtures thereof, as long as they produced surface elements meet the conditions of the invention with respect to the surface tension, which is easily determined by simple preliminary tests.
• Acrylate-based aqueous binder systems such as those sold by Schmid Rhyner AG, Switzerland, under the name GALACRYL®, have proven particularly suitable.
• organic solvents in the first coating composition for applying the surface elements for example branched or unbranched alcohols, aromatics or alkyl esters, such as ethanol, 1-methoxy-propanol, 1-ethoxy-2-propanol, ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate , Toluene or these containing
• the first coating composition can also be low in or completely free of solvents.
• the first coating composition contains no pigments, in particular no coloring pigments.
• the first coating composition contains dyes, absorption pigments and / or effect pigments which have a coloring effect and thus the optically perceptible color impression of the surface elements determine the substrate, since usually in the solidified state colorless and transparent binder systems are used.
• the surface elements on the substrate according to the first embodiment are colorless or, in the best case, perceived as a whitish coating on the substrate
• the surface elements of the second embodiment have a visible coloring which depends on the dyes and / or pigments used and their interactions is determined among each other.
• none of the embodiments mentioned is particularly preferred. Rather, it depends on the desired coloring of the three-dimensional appearing pattern whether the first or the second embodiment of the present invention is used for the application of the surface elements on the substrate.
• the substrate used are conventional flat substrates which can be coated with conventional coating methods, for example paper of various qualities, cardboard, wallpaper, laminates, tissue materials, wood, plastic bodies, plastic films, metal bodies, metal foils, glass or materials, the constituents contain several of these substances.
• the substrates can optionally be electrostatically or by
• Pre-treated applying primer or Satinier Anlagenen Often, common primer or satin coatings have a light or white color.
• Such pre-coated substrates are suitable per se as substrates for use in the method according to the invention, but the three-dimensional appearing that can be achieved with them
• the substrates have a black, dark or colored surface.
• This coloring of the substrate can vary depending on used substrate material and intended use of the finished product either by mass coloration of the substrate material, for example in plastic films, or by coating the substrate with a black, dark or colored coating.
• the latter can be applied in addition or as an alternative to priming or satinizing layers.
• a dark coating means gray, brown, blue, red, violet, or green coatings that have low brightness, commonly referred to as dark gray, dark brown, dark blue, dark red, dark purple, or dark green. They can, like colored coatings, be obtained by the addition of conventional colorants to corresponding coating compositions, optionally in combination with carbon black or other black colorants.
• the entire surface of the substrate to be coated is provided with such a black, dark or, alternatively, colored coating.
• a step preceding the method according to the invention subregions of a surface of a previously described substrate are coated with surface elements by the application of a first coating composition, which is preferably a primer composition, and the coating is solidified.
• a first coating composition which is preferably a primer composition
• the coating is solidified.
• These surface elements form a two-dimensional pattern on the substrate.
• each of the surface elements may already be a pattern per se and / or the entirety or parts of the surface elements may be a pattern with each other. It does not depend on the type of pattern, for example, it can be a fantasy pattern, a random pattern, a dot or dash pattern, an alphanumeric pattern, a pattern of concrete objects, or a combination of two or more of them.
• the surface elements which represent a two-dimensional pattern, are located only on subregions of the substrate and that, in addition, further subregions of the substrate Substrates are present, which are not coated with the surface elements, wherein portions which are coated with surface elements and portions that are not coated with surface elements, adjacent to each other, so that form boundary lines between the two types of subregions.
• the two-dimensional pattern formed by the surface elements is therefore present in a regular, irregular or random distribution on the surface of the substrate and can be limited to a portion of the substrate, so for example be stored centrally, as well as extended over the entire surface of the substrate ,
• the two-dimensional pattern formed by the surface elements represents a macroscopic pattern, wherein the individual surface elements have a size of at least 0.1 mm 2 , in particular of at least 1 mm 2 , but, depending on the coating technology, can also have sizes of several hundred square centimeters ,
• the surface elements have in the solidified state only a small layer thickness in the range of 0.5 to 10 .mu.m, in particular from 1 to 5 pm on.
• the surface tension ⁇ 1 of the substrate (which can be pretreated and / or black, dark or colored precoated, but hereinafter referred to as uncoated substrate) in the solid state and the surface tension of the substrate
• any conventional method suitable for the determination of surface tensions on solid surfaces can be used as long as the Determining the surface tensions the same procedure is used in each case, so that the obtained values of the surface tensions ⁇ 1 and o2 are directly comparable with each other.
• Particularly suitable methods are those with the help of which the total surface tension, but also the disperse and polar fraction of the total surface tension can be determined, whereby for each partial area the relationship
• the subregions of the substrate not coated with the surface elements or the subregions of the substrate coated with the surface elements have the nominally higher surface tension. It is essential to the invention that there is a measurable difference between the respective total surface tensions otoiai between the coated or uncoated subregions of the substrate and that this difference amounts to at least 1 mN / m.
• the difference between the total surface tensions may be 1 to 20 mN / m, preferably 1 to 10 mN / m, and more preferably 1 to 5 mN / m.
• the total surface tension on the subregions of the substrate coated with the surface elements is greater than the total surface tension on the uncoated subregions of the substrate.
• the coating composition for the coating of the surface elements a surface-active agent which reduces the polar fraction of the total surface tension of the solid surface elements. This addition exerts on the nominal total surface tension, which is obtained after solidification of the surface elements, a significantly lower influence than on the polar component of the total surface tension of these sections.
• the difference between the polar surface tensions o1 p0 Vietnamese and o2 p0 Vietnamese is according to the invention also in the range of 1 to 20 mN / m, but preferably in the range of 5 to 10 mN / m, and is in particular greater than the difference between the total surface tensions ⁇ 1 totally and o2totai.
• the liquid or flowable first coating composition which is used for applying the surface elements to the substrate in any case, has a surface tension o2a which is less than the surface tension ⁇ 1 (o1 total) of the uncoated substrate in order to ensure a good distribution of the Coating composition on the substrate to achieve a sharp boundary of the surface elements to be produced and their good adhesion to the substrate.
• the determination of the surface tension o2a takes place in the same way as the determination of the surface tension ⁇ 3, which is described below.
• the substrate used as the basis for the method according to the invention thus has on at least one of its surfaces a visible or nearly invisible two-dimensional pattern which consists of surface areas coated with surface areas and has boundary lines to uncoated part surfaces of the surface of the substrate, wherein the surface tension ⁇ 1 the uncoated Partial surfaces of the surface tension o2 of the surface elements coated with the partial surfaces is different.
• ⁇ 1 and o2 respectively, the total surface tensions ⁇ 1 total and o2totai are meant.
• the surface tension ⁇ 3 must be determined using a different method than the surface tensions ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2, because the surface tension ⁇ 3 is the value in a flowable coating composition.
• various methods are available to the person skilled in the art, for example the ring method according to Du Nouy, the method of the hanging drop and various others.
• the surface tensions ⁇ 3 specified according to the invention are determined from the supernatant of the coating composition after settling of the platelet-shaped effect pigments with the ring method according to Du Nouy.
• the surface tension of the coating composition ⁇ 3 containing platelet-shaped effect pigments is also lower than the surface tension o2a of the first coating composition determined using the same method, which is used to produce the surface elements.
• the difference in the surface tensions of the coating compositions enables a good distribution of the coating composition containing platelet-like effect pigments and their good adhesion both to the area-provided partial areas and to the uncoated partial areas of the substrate.
• the difference between the surface tensions of the two coating compositions o2a and ⁇ 3 (o2a-o3) is
• the coating composition comprising platelet-shaped effect pigments hereinafter also referred to as effect paint, contains at least one binder and at least one type of platelet-shaped effect pigments.
• the adjuvants and additives already described above can also be contained in the effect varnish. It is likewise possible to use the binder systems already mentioned in advance for the first coating composition as binders, it being important to note that the surface tension ⁇ 3 of the effect paint must be lower than the surface tension o 2 a of the first coating composition. Therefore, the ingredients of the effect paint must be selected so that they meet the conditions of the invention.
• the surface tensions of the two coating compositions can be easily determined in preliminary experiments by the methods described above.
• the effect coating it is possible according to the invention to select both solvent-based, aqueous and radiation-curing coating systems.
• such paint systems can be advantageously used here, which have relatively low viscosities.
• Particularly suitable according to the invention are UV-curable acrylic lacquers which are commercially available, for example, from Schmid Rhyner AG, Switzerland, under the name WESSCO®. Of these are also paint systems with relatively low viscosity, z. B. a according to DIN EN ISO 2431 in 4mm flow cup at 23 ° C certain viscosity of ⁇ 30 sec, preferably.
• the effect varnish also contains platelet-shaped effect pigments. In this case, the specific type of platelet-shaped effect pigments or optionally mixtures of different effect pigments by the desired optical effects of the resulting three-dimensional appearing pattern in the coating and optionally also of
• Colorants that are already contained in the surface units located on the substrate determined.
• platelet-like effect pigments pigments which are selected from the group consisting of pearlescent pigments, interference pigments, metallic effect pigments, liquid crystal pigments, platelet-shaped functional pigments, platelet-shaped structured pigments, or a mixture of two can be used in the coating composition containing platelet-effect pigments according to the present invention or more of these.
• These effect pigments are composed of one or more layers of possibly different materials and are platelet-shaped.
• platelet-shaped pigments or support materials when their outer shape corresponds to a flat structure having with its top and bottom two approximately parallel surfaces whose extension in length and width represents the largest dimension of the pigment or the support material.
• the distance between said surfaces, which represents the thickness of the plate, on the other hand, has a smaller extent.
• These pigments preferably have a platelet-shaped support which optionally comprises at least one coating of a metal, metal oxide, metal oxide hydrate or mixtures thereof, a metal mixed oxide, suboxide, oxynitride, metal fluoride or a polymer.
• Pearlescent pigments consist of transparent platelets with a high refractive index and show a characteristic pearlescence when oriented parallel through multiple reflection. Such pearlescent pigments, which additionally show interference colors, are referred to as interference pigments.
• platelet-shaped interference pigments or metallic effect pigments are preferably used as effect pigments which comprise on a platelet-shaped support at least one coating of a metal, metal oxide, Metal oxide hydrate or mixtures thereof, a metal mixed oxide, metal suboxide, metal oxynitride, metal fluoride or a polymer.
• the metallic effect pigments preferably have at least one metal carrier or one metal layer.
• the platelet-shaped support preferably consists of natural or synthetic mica, kaolin or another layered silicate, of glass, calcium-aluminum-borosilicate, S1O2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, polymer platelets, graphite platelets or of metal platelets, such as, for example, aluminum, titanium, Bronze, silver, copper, gold, steel or various metal alloys.
• platelet-shaped supports made of mica, glass, calcium-aluminum-borosilicate, graphite, S1O2, Al2O3 or of aluminum.
• the size of the platelet-shaped carrier is not critical per se.
• the carriers generally have a thickness between 0.01 and 5 ⁇ , in particular between 0.05 and 4.5 pm and more preferably from 0.1 to 1 pm.
• the extension in length or width is usually from 1 to 500 ⁇ , preferably from 1 to 200 ⁇ and in particular from 5 to 125 ⁇ . They usually have an aspect ratio (ratio of the average diameter to the mean particle thickness) of 2: 1 to 25000: 1, preferably from 3: 1 to 1000: 1 and in particular from 6: 1 to 250: 1.
• the dimensions mentioned for the platelet-shaped supports apply in principle also to the coated effect pigments used according to the invention, since the additional coatings are generally in the range of only a few hundred nanometers and thus do not significantly affect the thickness or length or width (particle size) of the pigments.
• a coating applied to the support consists of metals, metal oxides, metal mixed oxides, metal suboxides or metal fluorides and in particular of a colorless or colored metal oxide selected from T1O2, titanium suboxides, titanium oxynitrides, Fe203, Fe304, SnOa, SbaOs, S1O2, Al2O3, ZrO2 , B2O3, CnOz, ZnO, CuO, NiO or mixtures thereof.
• Coatings of metals are preferably made of aluminum, titanium, chromium, nickel, silver, zinc, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, palladium, copper, gold, platinum or alloys containing them.
• the metal fluoride used is preferably MgF.sub.2.
• effect pigments which have a platelet-shaped support of mica, glass, calcium-aluminum-borosilicate, graphite, SiO 2, Al 2 O 3, or of aluminum and at least one coating on the support, which consists of TiO 2, titanium suboxides, titanium oxynitrides, Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 , SnO 2, Sb 2 O, S1O 2, Al 2 O 3, MgF 2, ZrO 2, B 2 O 3, Cr 2 O 3, ZnO, CuO, NiO or mixtures thereof.
• the effect pigments can have a multilayer structure in which a plurality of layers are deposited on a metallic or non-metallic carrier. are located one above the other, which preferably consist of the aforementioned materials and have different refractive indices in such a way that in each case at least two layers of different refractive index are alternately on the support, wherein the refractive indices in the individual layers by at least 0.1 and preferably at differ by at least 0.3 from each other.
• the layers on the support can be both colorless and colored, predominantly transparent, semi-transparent or even opaque. Depending on the carrier material used and the type of layers applied, the resulting effect pigments are therefore also colorless or have a body color, or are predominantly transparent, semitransparent or opaque. Due to the single-layer or multi-layer system on the support, they are additionally able to produce more or less intense and shiny interference colors.
• LCPs Liquid Crystal Pigments
• holographic pigments polymer or metal flakes can be used as effect pigments.
• effect pigments described above can be present individually or as a mixture of two or more in the coating compositions used according to the invention (in the effect paint and optionally also in the first coating composition for the surface elements). Likewise, they may be mixed with organic and / or inorganic dyes or color pigments and / or in
• the proportion by weight of the platelet-shaped effect pigments in the respective binder-containing coating composition is generally between 1 and 20 percent by weight, and preferably between 3 and 15 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the coating composition.
• Suitable effect pigments are the commercially available functional pigments, interference pigments or pearlescent pigments which are marketed under the names Iriodin®, Colorstream®, Xirallic®,
• the platelet-shaped effect pigments in the coating composition which are otherwise aligned in the coating parallel to the surface of the substrate, are directed out of alignment such that they subsequently lie at an angle to the surface of the substrate which is oblique or perpendicular to the surface of the substrate runs.
• the shape of the two-dimensional pattern formed on the substrate by the surface elements as a basic shape of the three-dimensional pattern formed in the platelet-shaped effect pigment-containing coating composition by the effect pigments is replicated, combined with a three-dimensional effect exhibited by the previously described deflection of the platelet-shaped effect pigments is generated.
• the visible in the coating three-dimensional pattern is thus perceptible only on the visual effects made visible by the effect pigments. It is much more pronounced than the real deflection of the platelet-shaped effect pigments at the boundary lines would expect, because a deflection of the platelet-like effect pigments from the parallel position even by only a few degrees already a significant change in their reflection properties result in optically apparent depth the three-dimensional appearing pattern noticeable.
• effect pigments are preferably used with which visually very attractive printing results can be achieved which can not be obtained with conventional organic or inorganic dyes or color pigments alone.
• glossy intensive interference colors, metallic effects or printed images that show a play of colors and / or impressive light / dark effects (optically variable prints) are very popular in packaging printing.
• the glittering effect of the printed images is greater, the larger the particle size of the effect pigments.
• Such color and gloss impressions can only be achieved with platelet-shaped effect pigments.
• the platelet-shaped effect pigments used exhibit an optically variable behavior, this is of course in accordance with the invention
• the patterned coating produced can be perceived not only when the viewing angle is changed over the entire coated surface, but already when viewing the surface of the coated substrate from a single viewing angle, so that the generated three-dimensional pattern appears in different colors and / or different brightness gradations.
• the platelet-shaped effect pigments can also be used in a mixture with other, non-platelet-shaped pigments, as long as the proportion of platelet-shaped effect pigments is so large that a three-dimensional pattern produced therewith is still visible in the coating.
• the proportion of platelet-shaped effect pigments in a coating composition containing them should correspond to at least 50%, but preferably at least 70%, of the total pigment loading of the respective coating composition.
• the coating of the substrate with the coating composition containing platelet-like effect pigments can take place over the whole area, which is also preferred because of the simplicity of the method, at least on the surface parts of the substrate carrying the two-dimensional pattern of the surface elements. However, it may also be advantageous or desirable if the substrate is coated over part of its surface with the coating composition containing platelet-shaped effect pigments.
• Coating to be visible Whether the full-surface or partial coating takes place depends on the desired optical effect of the finished product.
• the coating composition containing platelet-shaped effect pigments can be applied to the pretreated substrate by any suitable coating method.
• suitable methods are, for example, conventional coating methods, including the usual printing methods, which are usually used to produce a coating on a substrate. Particular mention may be made here of printing processes such as screen printing, gravure printing, flexographic printing, offset printing, offset overprinting, paper coating, bar coating or intaglio printing processes, but also other coating processes such as doctoring, brushing, stamping, casting, flow processes, roll or screen application methods or application by means of airbrush.
• the present invention also provides a platelet-shaped effect pigments containing a three-dimensional appearing pattern coating on a substrate, which is prepared by the method described above. Details regarding the material composition of the usable substrates, the coating composition for the first surface-forming coating composition as well as the platelet-like effect pigments suitable according to the invention and the material composition of the latter-containing coating composition have already been explained in detail above.
• the three-dimensional appearing pattern in the coating according to the invention is exclusively by the
• the coating has a flat surface.
• the three-dimensional appearing pattern obtained according to the invention in the coating represents a macroscopic pattern, wherein the individual visible in the coating surface elements have a size of at least 0.1 mm 2 , in particular of at least 1 mm 2 , but also have sizes of several hundred square centimeters can.
• the size and external shape of the visible three-dimensional surface elements depend directly on the size and external shape of the two-dimensional surface elements formed on the substrate.
• the present invention also relates to the use of a coating containing platelet-shaped effect pigments on one Substrate having a three-dimensional appearing pattern and produced by the method described above.
• Decoration materials are intended to be understood as all applications which are distinguished by particular optical effects, for example commercial printed matter, calendars, jewelery sheets, advertising materials, greeting cards, offprints, wallpapers, decor papers for furniture and floor laminates and much more.
• Such products can be greatly upgraded by the attractive three-dimensional appearing effect produced by the method according to the invention, since they simultaneously show the gloss and glitter effects as well as the optionally also optically variable properties of the platelet-shaped effect pigments used.
• the coatings produced according to the invention and having a three-dimensional pattern can also produce optical illusions, they can also be advantageously used for the production of artifacts.
• the coatings produced according to the invention and having a three-dimensional pattern appear to have an apparent appearance optical depth of the visible three-dimensional pattern and the optical advantages of platelet-shaped effect pigments containing coatings. Neither the substrates used nor the coatings must be embossed for this purpose.
• the precoated and thus pre-patterned can be
• the coatings according to the invention are therefore well suited for producing high-quality products of various kinds inexpensively and as mass products by means of simple and conventional process steps.
• Example 1 A Sappi AlgroFiness paper coated on one side with a surface weight of 70 g / m 2 is used, which is additionally provided on the coated side with a full-surface black primer layer.
• the substrate treated in this way has a total surface tension atotai of 41. 9 mN / m, which is composed of a disperse surface tension Odisper of 34.6 mN / m and a polar surface tension Opoiar of 7.3 mN / m.
• the substrate is coated with a first coating composition to form a pattern of coated and uncoated patches on the substrate.
• the coating is carried out in a gravure printing process with a gravure cylinder with a screening of 70 L / cm, MSGI, 45 ⁇ in full tone.
• the first coating combination Settlement contains the aqueous paint Galacryl® 82.431.01 from Schmid Rhyner AG with 8% by weight, based on the coating composition, of a surface-active additive and no further ingredients. The pattern created in this way on the surface of the substrate is almost invisible.
• the surface tension of the liquid coating composition for the first coating composition is 26.7 mN / m. After solidification of the surface elements by drying, the surface elements have a total surface tension atotai of 43.4 mN / m, which consists of a disperse surface tension Olpers of 42.4 mN / m and a polar
• Coating composition applied (gravure printing, gravure cylinder with screening 70L / cm MSGI 45pm solid surface, printing speed 10m / min, 30 m / min, 40 m / min) and solidified by UV light.
• the second coating composition contains the UV varnish Wessco 37.380.02 from Schmid Rhyner AG and 5% by weight, based on the coating composition, of an Iriodin® 325 interference pigment from Merck KGaA, Germany.
• the surface tension of the supernatant of the liquid coating composition, as determined by Du Nuoy's ring method, is 20.8 mN / m.
• the coating composition has a viscosity of 20 seconds, measured in a DIN 4 mm flow cup.

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• 2015
  • 2015-12-03 JP JP2017534933A patent/JP2018509311A/ja active Pending
  • 2015-12-03 KR KR1020177021352A patent/KR20170102312A/ko unknown
  • 2015-12-03 US US15/539,190 patent/US20170349001A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2015-12-03 RU RU2017127201A patent/RU2719670C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2015-12-03 WO PCT/EP2015/002541 patent/WO2016107673A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2015-12-03 CN CN201580071869.8A patent/CN107109077A/zh active Pending
  • 2015-12-03 EP EP15810781.3A patent/EP3240694A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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