EP3239616B1 - Dispositif de chauffage infrarouge destiné à chauffer un bâtiment et procédé de chauffage d'un bâtiment faisant appel à un tel dispositif de chauffage infrarouge - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage infrarouge destiné à chauffer un bâtiment et procédé de chauffage d'un bâtiment faisant appel à un tel dispositif de chauffage infrarouge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3239616B1
EP3239616B1 EP17000740.5A EP17000740A EP3239616B1 EP 3239616 B1 EP3239616 B1 EP 3239616B1 EP 17000740 A EP17000740 A EP 17000740A EP 3239616 B1 EP3239616 B1 EP 3239616B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiant tube
electrical
burner
electrically conductive
tube
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EP17000740.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3239616A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas KÜBLER
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Kuebler GmbH
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Kuebler GmbH
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Publication of EP3239616A1 publication Critical patent/EP3239616A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D5/00—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems
    • F24D5/06—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating without discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated
    • F24D5/08—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating without discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated with hot air led through radiators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/44—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor arranged within rods or tubes of insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an infrared heating device for heating a building and to a method for heating a building with such an infrared heating device according to the preamble of claims 1 and 11.
  • Heating systems for heating large buildings, in particular halls, which comprise a plurality of individual infrared radiators, in particular dark radiation, have long been sold by the applicant and are also, for example, from DE 10 2007 047 661 A1 known.
  • the dark radiators comprise a housing which is suspended horizontally above a region of the building which is to be heated and in which a radiation tube is accommodated which is acted upon by a gas burner with heated exhaust gas. The other end of the radiant tube is acted upon by a suction fan with negative pressure and is connected to an exhaust pipe.
  • infrared heaters In the aforementioned infrared heaters, the problem arises that they can be heated exclusively with gas, without the possibility of this, with an excess of electrical energy in the public power grid, such as occurs on cold sunny and windy winter days, to use efficiently for heating buildings.
  • the maximum permissible surface temperature of the radiation tube is due to the material at about 650 ° C, the maximum possible intensity of infrared radiation is obtained only in the first portion of the radiant tube, whereas converted to the downstream end of the tube out only a small portion of the heat energy contained in the hot gas in infrared radiation becomes. Since the efficiency of the overall system relative to the primary energy used when heating large buildings such as halls is higher, the greater the proportion of emitted from the radiant tube infrared radiation, the overall efficiency of the dark radiator due to the cooling-related decrease in the temperature of the radiant tube thereby adversely reduced ,
  • an object of the present invention to provide an infrared heater having a hot gas applied radiant tube which enables more efficient heating of a building with both a fossil fuel and electric power.
  • infrared heaters In the aforementioned infrared heaters, the problem arises that they can be heated exclusively with gas, without the possibility of this, with an excess of electrical energy in the public power grid, such as occurs on cold sunny and windy winter days, to use efficiently for heating buildings.
  • the maximum permissible surface temperature of the radiation tube is due to the material at about 650 ° C, the maximum possible intensity of infrared radiation is obtained only in the first portion of the radiant tube, whereas converted to the downstream end of the tube out only a small portion of the heat energy contained in the hot gas in infrared radiation becomes. Since the efficiency of the overall system relative to the primary energy used when heating large buildings such as halls is higher, the greater the proportion of emitted from the radiant tube infrared radiation, the overall efficiency of the dark radiator due to the cooling-related decrease in the temperature of the radiant tube thereby adversely reduced ,
  • an arrangement for heating a room which comprises a radiant tube which is acted upon by a burner for emitting infrared radiation with heated gas.
  • the arrangement further comprises a heating coil, which is supplied with electrical power via a photovoltaic system and which a supply line is arranged, via which the burner fresh air is supplied.
  • the heating coil electrically heats the fresh air drawn in by the burner when the solar collector is irradiated with sunlight.
  • the document gives no indication to arrange the heating register or even a contact element directly on the radiant tube in order to additionally heat the guided therein, heated by the burner hot gas.
  • the DE 196 17 718 A1 relates to a Deckenradiator having a hot gas acted upon by heating tube, on which at least three radially arranged arc-like radiant panels are formed with smooth and profiled beam surfaces, via which the heat pipe supplied thermal energy is emitted as infrared radiation.
  • FR 2 514 870 A3 a U-shaped bent radiation tube, in which electrical heating elements are arranged, which are acted upon by a fan with air, which is conveyed along the radiation tube, to heat the radiation tube from the inside purely electrically.
  • the document does not refer to a burner which supplies heated gas to the radiant tube.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an infrared heater having a hot gas applied radiant tube which enables more efficient heating of a building with both a fossil fuel and electric power.
  • an infrared heating device for heating buildings comprises a radiant tube and a burner operatively connected thereto at a first end, in particular a gas or oil burner, which heats the radiant tube in a known manner with heated exhaust gas which has the radiant tube on its surface a temperature of eg Heated to 600 ° C, so that this infrared radiation in the manner of a black body or dark radiator radiates into the building to be heated.
  • the infrared heating device is characterized in that the radiation tube has or contains an electrical resistance heating with which it can be heated at least in sections additionally or alternatively to the heating by the burner with electric current of a power source.
  • the invention provides the advantage that with an excess of electrical power in the public network, as can be observed for example on cold windy and sunny winter days, the excess energy can be used in an efficient way for heating buildings, in which already Infrared heater is installed with dark radiators.
  • a power source preferably the public 50 Hz AC mains. Network, to connect.
  • an infrared heating device for heating buildings comprises a radiant tube and a burner operatively connected thereto at a first end, in particular a gas or oil burner, which heats the radiant tube in a known manner with heated exhaust gas which has the radiant tube on its surface a temperature of eg Heated to 600 ° C, so that this infrared radiation in the manner of a black body or dark radiator radiates into the building to be heated.
  • the radiant tube has or contains an electrical resistance heating with which it can be heated, at least in sections, additionally or else alternatively for heating by the burner with the electric current of a current source.
  • the infrared heater further comprises an electrical switching device and is characterized in that the radiation tube comprises at least a first portion of an electrically conductive material, and that the resistance heating comprises at least a first and a second spaced apart at the portion arranged electrical contact element, which is connectable to the power source via the electrical switching device.
  • the invention provides the advantage that with an excess of electrical power in the public network, as can be observed for example on cold windy and sunny winter days, the excess energy can be used in an efficient way for heating buildings, in which already Infrared heater is installed with dark radiators.
  • a power source preferably the public 50-hertz AC mains to connect.
  • the radiation tube comprises at least a first electrically conductive portion which may also comprise the entire radiation tube, if this consists as usual of sheet steel with a wall thickness of for example 1.5 mm.
  • the resistance heating comprises at least first and second electrical contact elements arranged at a distance from one another at the partial section, which can be connected to the electric current source via an electrical switching device in order to connect the electrically conductive partial section, i. to energize the lying between the two electrical contact elements area of the radiation tube.
  • This embodiment of the invention has the advantage that it can be retrofitted to existing infrared heaters with little effort, since the radiation tubes for this purpose only electrically insulated and two electrodes at a distance from each other must be attached to the radiation tube, for example by a clamp or the like.
  • At least one or preferably also a plurality of further electrically conductive subsections are defined on the radiation tube, which can be provided by attaching a corresponding number of electrical contact elements / electrodes to the outside of the radiation tube.
  • the plurality of electrically conductive sections are preferably each individually or in groups on the electrical switching device with the power source, that is preferably the AC electrical network, connectable, for example, two or more of the sections as needed to turn on or off and accordingly from the Radiation tube emitted into the building radiant power of the infrared radiation to a desired level.
  • each subsection is the plurality of electrically conductive subsections connectable to the power source via a respective electrical contact element and a switch associated therewith.
  • the switches may also be mechanical contact switches such as manually operated mechanical switches or relays, in the preferred embodiment of the invention preferably electronic switches are used, such as high power semiconductor switches, which are preferably controllable by a corresponding electronic control device of the electrical circuit direction via a bus system.
  • the electrical switching device opens and closes the switches with a preferably variable clock frequency and / or a variable duration in order to change the electrical heating power generated in the respective subsection on average.
  • This opens up the possibility to set the heating power in the respective electrically conductive sections of the radiation tube with a comparatively high accuracy to a predetermined value, or to regulate such, which with the known, exclusively heated by a burner radiation tubes due to the modulation of the Burner required control devices is possible only with great effort.
  • the surface temperature of the radiant tube by a corresponding adjustment of the current, and the on and off frequency of the respective electrical switch, via which the current flow in the subsection is switched on or off, to regulate according to a predetermined temperature profile.
  • This control is particularly advantageous in a mixed operation of the heater, since this not only reduces the fuel consumption of the burner, but also the infrared radiation efficiency can be increased overall, in simplistic terms also the otherwise colder downstream areas of the radiant tube through the targeted supplied electrical Heating energy to be raised to the desired surface temperature.
  • the embodiment described above can be realized in practice in that the radiation tube is made entirely of an electrically conductive material, in particular stainless steel, and the contact elements at preferably equal distances from each other over the length of the radiation tube on or on away the radiation tube are arranged.
  • the current source can also be an electric DC power source whose positive and negative poles are alternately electrically connected successively over the length of the radiation tube with the contact elements, this is in the preferred embodiment of the invention, an AC power source whose neutral and whose at least one phase alternately electrically conductive over the length of the radiation tube away with the contact elements are connectable.
  • the power source in the above-described embodiments of the invention is preferably a power source having a fixed AC frequency
  • an AC electric power source having a variable frequency This makes it possible to set the frequency of the AC voltage, for example, to a few 100 Hz or even kilohertz, which due to the so-called skin effect, the electric current flow is displaced in the region of the outside of the radiation tube, which advantageously leads to that in a mixed operation in particular downstream portion of the radiant tube a smaller proportion of the supplied electric heating power passes to the cooler exhaust gas in this area and is discharged therefrom.
  • the supplied heating power is not the height of the alternating current but over the cycle times, with which it is supplied to the corresponding electrical sections, is changed.
  • the temperature in the respective subsections / heating zone of the resistance heater may be detected via sensors, such as infrared sensors.
  • the principle underlying the inventive infrared heater it may continue to be provided that the radiation tube is received in a holder made of an electrically insulating material which has a sufficient temperature resistance.
  • This material is preferably a ceramic material.
  • the radiation tube is electrically isolated from the burner by an electrically nonconductive separating element, such as a ceramic disc or a ceramic neck, as well as by a blower sucking the hot gas from the second end of the radiant tube.
  • an electrically nonconductive separating element such as a ceramic disc or a ceramic neck
  • the electric current source in the method according to the invention for heating a building with a previously described infrared heating device is a public power grid or a photovoltaic system.
  • the electrical resistance heating is activated and the radiant tube is electrically heated exclusively or in addition to the thermal energy generated by the burner.
  • the electrical heating power introduced into the radiation tube by the electrical resistance heating is increasingly increased in the flow direction of the hot gas from the first burner end, so that the surface temperature over the length of the radiation tube, which for example is 5 m or even more can be, is constant or corresponds to a desired temperature profile.
  • the heat output generated by the burner in particular to reduce by reducing the amount of fuel supplied and a corresponding reduction in the air supply to the burner to the extent that the heating power provided by the electrical resistance heating is increased.
  • an infrared heater 1 for heating a building, which is not shown in more detail, comprises a radiation tube 2 which is connected at its first end in known manner to a burner, in particular a gas burner or an oil burner 4, which surrounds the interior of the radiation tube 2 is heated with heated exhaust gas to heat it to a surface temperature of, for example, 600 ° C or more.
  • a burner in particular a gas burner or an oil burner 4
  • the exhaust gas 6 of the burner 4 which increasingly cools due to the heat exchange with the inner wall of the radiant tube 2 from the burner end to the downstream end, is exhausted by a fan 20, which is representative of a suction device which In particular, the fan of a collective exhaust system may be, to which a plurality of radiant tubes 2 are connected.
  • the radiation tube 2 has an electrical resistance heater 8, with which this can be heated by an electric current source 14.
  • the current source 14 forms at the in Fig. 1
  • the public 50 Hz AC grid whose phase P and Neutral conductor N are also connected via a symbolically shown inverter 14b with a photovoltaic system, which is exemplified by the photovoltaic module 14a.
  • the radiation tube 2 is received in brackets 16 made of an electrically insulating material and electrically isolated via electrically non-conductive separating sections 18 of the burner 4 and also from the fan 20.
  • the radiant tube 2 in the embodiment shown consists of metal in a known manner, e.g. made of stainless steel, and is divided from its burner-side end to its downstream end into a plurality of electrically conductive sections A1 to A9, each forming a heating zone and are defined by the associated contacts K1 to K10.
  • the contacts K1 to K10 are alternately connected to the neutral N and the phase P of the AC electrical network 14, wherein in the illustrated embodiment, only the phase connected electrical contact points K2, K4, K6, K8 and K10 via electrically actuated switch S1 until S5 are connected to the phase P.
  • the remaining contacts K1, K3, K5, K7 and K9 are connected directly to the neutral conductor N of the alternating current network 14, which advantageously reduces the circuit design and the required number of electrical switches S1 to S5. Nevertheless, it is also possible to provide the contacts K1, K3, K5, K7 and K9 connected to the neutral conductor N with corresponding electrical switches which open in the same way as the other switches via an electrical switching device 12 and a bus system indicated by dashed lines and / or can be closed to electrically heat the individual sections A1 to A9 according to a desired temperature.
  • switching on and off of the switches S1 to S5 is preferably clocked with different clock rates and / or switch-on, as is known, for example, from the control of electric DC drives according to the so-called electrical pulse width modulation method ago.
  • a heat exchanger may be arranged which extracts the thermal residual energy of the hot exhaust gas 6 from this and this example, a buffer memory, from which the recovered heat energy a conventional convection heating, or a hot water dispenser can be supplied, which is preferably located in a second, thermally insulated from the region of the radiant tube 2 building part.

Claims (12)

  1. Chauffage infrarouge (1) destiné au chauffage de bâtiments, comportant un tube rayonnant (2) et un brûleur (4) relié à celui-ci au niveau d'une première extrémité pour ce qui est de l'alimentation, par l'intermédiaire duquel un gaz (6), chauffé par le brûleur (4) et au moyen duquel la surface du tube rayonnant (2) peut être chauffée en vue d'une émission de rayonnement infrarouge, peut être acheminé jusqu'au tube rayonnant (2),
    dans lequel le tube rayonnant (2) présente un chauffage électrique par résistance (8), grâce auquel ledit tube peut être chauffé au moins par section par du courant électrique en provenance d'une source de courant (14, 14a),
    caractérisé en ce que,
    le chauffage infrarouge présente un appareil de commutation électrique (12, S1 à S5), et le tube rayonnant (2) présente au moins une première section partielle (A1) constituée d'un matériau électriquement conducteur, et le chauffage par résistance (8) comprend au moins des premier et deuxième contacts électriques (K1, K2) agencés au niveau de la section partielle (A1) avec un espacement l'un par rapport à l'autre, lesdits contacts pouvant être reliés à une source de courant électrique (14, 14a) par l'intermédiaire de l'appareil de commutation électrique (12, S1 à S5).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    le tube rayonnant présente une pluralité de sections partielles (A1 à A9) électriquement conductrices qui peuvent être respectivement reliées individuellement ou par groupes à la source de courant (14, 14a) par l'intermédiaire de l'appareil de commutation électrique (12, S1 à S5).
  3. Appareil selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    chaque section partielle parmi la pluralité de sections partielles (A1 à A9) électriquement conductrices peut être reliée à la source de courant (14, 14a) par l'intermédiaire d'un contact électrique (K1 à K5) respectif et d'un commutateur (S1 à S5) associé à celui-ci.
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    l'appareil de commutation électrique (12) ouvre et ferme le commutateur (S1 à S5) avec une fréquence pouvant de manière préférée être modifiée et/ou une durée pouvant être modifiée, afin de modifier la puissance de chauffage électrique produite dans la section partielle (A1 à A9) respective.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 3 ou 4,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    le tube rayonnant (2) est essentiellement constitué d'un matériau électriquement conducteur, en particulier de l'acier inoxydable, les contacts (K1 à K10) sont agencés au niveau du tube rayonnant avec des espacements de manière préférée identiques les uns par rapport aux autres sur toute la longueur du tube rayonnant (2), et la source de courant (14, 14a) est une source de courant électrique continu dont les pôles positifs et les pôles négatifs peuvent être reliés de manière successivement alternée et électriquement conductrice aux contacts (K1 à K10) sur toute la longueur du tube rayonnant (2), ou la source de courant (14, 14a) est une source de courant alternatif dont la phase (P) et le conducteur neutre (N) peuvent être reliés de manière alternée et électriquement conductrice aux contacts (K1 à K10) sur toute la longueur du tube rayonnant (2).
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    la source de courant (14) est une source de courant électrique alternatif présentant une fréquence pouvant de manière préférée être modifiée.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    l'appareil de commutation électrique (12) modifie le flux de courant et/ou la fréquence du flux de courant dans une ou plusieurs des sections partielles (A1 à A9) électriquement conductrices de telle manière que la différence des températures superficielles entre les sections partielles (A1 à A4) électriquement conductrices dans le secteur de la première extrémité et les sections partielles (A5 à A9) électriquement conductrices dans le secteur de la deuxième extrémité du tube rayonnant (2) est diminuée et/ou correspond à un profil de température prédéterminé.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    le tube rayonnant (2) est accueilli dans un dispositif de retenue (16) constitué d'un matériau électriquement isolant, en particulier dans un dispositif de retenue (16) constitué d'un matériau céramique.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    le tube rayonnant (2) est séparé électriquement du brûleur (4), et/ou d'une soufflante (20) aspirant le gaz chaud (6) à partir de la deuxième extrémité du tube rayonnant, grâce à un séparateur (18) électriquement non conducteur, en particulier un disque de céramique ou un raccord en céramique.
  10. Procédé de chauffage d'un bâtiment avec un appareil de chauffage infrarouge (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    la source de courant électrique (14) est un réseau de courant public ou une installation photovoltaïque, et, dans le cas d'un excédent d'énergie électrique au sein du réseau de courant public ou dans le cas d'un excédent d'énergie électrique produite par l'installation photovoltaïque, le chauffage électrique par résistance (8) est activé et le tube rayonnant (2) est chauffé de manière exclusivement électrique ou de manière électrique en plus de l'énergie thermique produite par le brûleur (4).
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    la puissance de chauffage électrique apportée par le chauffage électrique par résistance (8) au tube rayonnant (2) est augmentée à partir de la première extrémité, dans la direction de circulation du gaz chaud, côté brûleur.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    la puissance de chauffage produite par le brûleur (4) est réduite dans la mesure où la puissance de chauffage fournie par le chauffage électrique par résistance (8) est augmentée.
EP17000740.5A 2016-04-29 2017-03-28 Dispositif de chauffage infrarouge destiné à chauffer un bâtiment et procédé de chauffage d'un bâtiment faisant appel à un tel dispositif de chauffage infrarouge Active EP3239616B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016005263.5A DE102016005263A1 (de) 2016-04-29 2016-04-29 Infrarot-Heizeinrichtung zum Beheizen eines Gebäudes sowie Verfahren zum Beheizen eines Gebäudes mit einer solchen Infrarot-Heizeinrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3239616A1 EP3239616A1 (fr) 2017-11-01
EP3239616B1 true EP3239616B1 (fr) 2018-08-01

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Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP3239616B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016005263A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2769975C1 (ru) * 2020-12-31 2022-04-12 Цзянсуская корпорация по ядерной энергетике Устройство для восстановления изоляции нагревательной трубы электронагревателя компенсатора давления на атомной электростанции и способ работы устройства
DE102021122239A1 (de) 2021-08-27 2023-03-02 Kübler Gmbh Infrarotstrahler
DE102021122235A1 (de) 2021-08-27 2023-03-02 Kübler Gmbh Stationärer Infrarotstrahler
WO2023025879A1 (fr) 2021-08-27 2023-03-02 Kübler Gmbh Radiateur fixe à infrarouges

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2514870A3 (fr) * 1981-10-15 1983-04-22 Generfeu Expl Perfectionnements aux appareils electriques pour le chauffage des locaux et applications similaires
DE19617718A1 (de) * 1996-04-24 1997-10-30 Uwe Klix Deckenradiator
DE102007047661A1 (de) 2007-09-18 2009-03-26 Kübler Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zum Beheizen von Gebäuden mit einer Infrarot-Heizung
ES2440967T3 (es) * 2011-02-28 2014-01-31 Gogas Goch Gmbh & Co Sistema para calentar un recinto

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2769975C1 (ru) * 2020-12-31 2022-04-12 Цзянсуская корпорация по ядерной энергетике Устройство для восстановления изоляции нагревательной трубы электронагревателя компенсатора давления на атомной электростанции и способ работы устройства
DE102021122239A1 (de) 2021-08-27 2023-03-02 Kübler Gmbh Infrarotstrahler
DE102021122235A1 (de) 2021-08-27 2023-03-02 Kübler Gmbh Stationärer Infrarotstrahler
WO2023025879A1 (fr) 2021-08-27 2023-03-02 Kübler Gmbh Radiateur fixe à infrarouges
DE102021122235B4 (de) 2021-08-27 2023-03-16 Kübler Gmbh Stationärer Infrarotstrahler

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EP3239616A1 (fr) 2017-11-01

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