EP3237825B1 - Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere block-in-shell-wärmeübertrager mit einer separiereinheit zum separieren einer gasförmigen phase von einer flüssigen phase sowie zum verteilen der flüssigen phase - Google Patents

Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere block-in-shell-wärmeübertrager mit einer separiereinheit zum separieren einer gasförmigen phase von einer flüssigen phase sowie zum verteilen der flüssigen phase Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3237825B1
EP3237825B1 EP15808106.7A EP15808106A EP3237825B1 EP 3237825 B1 EP3237825 B1 EP 3237825B1 EP 15808106 A EP15808106 A EP 15808106A EP 3237825 B1 EP3237825 B1 EP 3237825B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
medium
liquid phase
separating unit
side wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15808106.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3237825A1 (de
Inventor
Stefan Kayser
Steffen Brenner
Paul Raymond Davies
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Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3237825A1 publication Critical patent/EP3237825A1/de
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Publication of EP3237825B1 publication Critical patent/EP3237825B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0006—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the plate-like or laminated conduits being enclosed within a pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F25B39/022—Evaporators with plate-like or laminated elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F25B39/028—Evaporators having distributing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0017—Flooded core heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/02—Details of evaporators
    • F25B2339/024—Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger
    • F25B2339/0241—Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger having plate-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/046—Condensers with refrigerant heat exchange tubes positioned inside or around a vessel containing water or pcm to cool the refrigerant gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0061—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
    • F28D2021/0064—Vaporizers, e.g. evaporators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger for the indirect transfer of heat between a first and a second medium, in particular in the form of a so-called block-in-shell heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchanger for the indirect transfer of heat between a first and a second medium, in particular in the form of a so-called block-in-shell heat exchanger.
  • a container in which at least one plate heat exchanger is arranged, which is flowed through by a second medium to be cooled.
  • the plate heat exchanger is located in a bath of a liquid phase of the first medium. Due to the heat introduced by the second medium to be cooled, the warming (and usually partially evaporating) first medium rises in the plate heat exchanger (thermosiphon effect).
  • the first medium for cooling is usually supplied as a two-phase fluid, comprising a liquid and a gaseous phase in the container, which is disadvantageous that the gaseous phase can be at least partially registered in the refrigerant bath in the plate heat exchanger. This happens in particular at high inflow velocities of the two-phase first medium. If gaseous fluid is introduced from below into a plate heat exchanger, the thermosiphon effect is (adversely) influenced. In addition, blocking bubbles can lead to unsteady inflow (from below) into the plate heat exchanger.
  • Heat exchanger of the type mentioned and according to the preamble of claim 1 are, for example, in " The standards of the brazed aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger manufacturers' association (ALPEMA) ", third edition, 2010, page 67 in Fig. 9-1.
  • Such heat exchangers have a container or shell ("shell” or “Kettle"), which encloses a jacket or interior, and at least one arranged in the shell space or interior plate heat exchanger ("core” or "block”).
  • core-in-shell or "block-in-kettle” heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchanger comprising a container having an interior for receiving the two-phase first medium, a plate heat exchanger arranged in the interior for indirect heat transfer between the first medium and the second medium, wherein the interior is adapted to the first medium with a Include filling level, such that a liquid phase of the first medium forms a heat exchanger surrounding the bath, and an inlet for introducing the first medium into the interior, according to the invention in the interior of a receiving space forming separating unit for separating the gaseous phase from the liquid phase as far as possible the first medium is provided before the liquid phase is supplied to the Victoriaraum, wherein the separating unit has at least one upwardly directed receiving opening for introducing flowing in the interior of the first medium into the receiving space, and wherein the na is arranged above the receiving opening above or on the filling level, so that the recorded in the receiving space gaseous phase of the first medium can escape through the receiving opening into the interior or the separation chamber, and further wherein a manifold is provided in the interior, which with the
  • the separation chamber is that part of the interior which is located above the liquid level in the interior and correspondingly is available for receiving the gaseous phase of the first medium.
  • the arrangement of the receiving opening does not necessarily have to be related to the filling level, but can alternatively or additionally also be related to an upper side or upper edge of the plate heat exchanger or the plate heat exchanger block.
  • an upper edge (relative to the vertical) of the receiving opening preferably in the range of 0mm to 100mm, more preferably in the range of 0mm to 50mm, more preferably in the range of 0mm to 25 mm above the top or top of the Plattenabiastedtragers, said the value 0mm corresponds to the level of the upper side or the upper edge of the plate heat exchanger in the direction of the vertical.
  • the separating unit serves, in particular, for removing the amount of residual gas from the liquid, so that as far as possible no gas is introduced into the preliminary storage space (due to the influence of the inlet stream into the container).
  • the separating unit differs from other separators (e.g., the jacket separation space, the entrance channel for pre-separation, etc.).
  • the separating unit can advantageously also be used to distribute the liquid in the container, namely in particular when e.g. Resistance elements (such as weirs or perforated partitions) are installed in the shell space (interior space) of the heat exchanger and this complicate the distribution / obstruct.
  • the separating unit has a first side wall facing the interior.
  • the first side wall may have at least one distribution opening, wherein the at least one distribution opening is preferably arranged at least partially below the filling level, so that the liquid phase of the first medium can be introduced via the at least one distribution opening into the bath surrounding the plate heat exchanger.
  • a plurality of such distribution openings are formed in the first side wall.
  • the first side wall may also be formed as an overflow wall.
  • the first side wall is then formed liquid-impermeable, ie, has no distribution openings, so that the liquid phase of the first medium, if necessary an upper edge of the first side wall can flow into the montraum.
  • the neutrraum is that portion of the interior, which can take or take the bath formed from the liquid phase of the first medium.
  • the separating unit can be designed both as an overflow bag and as a (liquid) permeable bag, i. the position and direction of the liquid outlet is in particular freely selectable.
  • the separating unit extends in particular along a (horizontal in operation) longitudinal axis of the container and is e.g. formed as upwardly open (receiving opening) channel, wherein the inner side facing the first side wall optionally has said, at least one distribution opening.
  • the said filling level is to be understood in particular as a desired height at which the liquid level of the liquid phase of the first medium is during the intended operation of the heat exchanger.
  • the plate heat exchanger may be immersed in a proper operation completely in the bath formed by the liquid phase of the first medium, but may also protrude with its top from the bath.
  • the fill level with respect to the top (or top) of the plate heat exchanger is in the range of -500mm to + 100mm, more preferably in the range of -300mm to + 100mm, more preferably in the range of -300mm to + 50mm preferably in the range of -300mm to + 25mm, even more preferably in the range of -300mm to 0mm.
  • the value 0mm corresponds to the level of the top (see above).
  • Negative values indicate that the fill level in the vertical direction is below the top / top of the plate heat exchanger.
  • the container of the heat exchanger may have a cylindrical (in particular in operation) cylindrical, along a longitudinal axis extending jacket and final (domed) floors at both ends of the cylindrical shell.
  • the heat exchanger has an inlet on the jacket, through which the (usually) two-phase fluid can be introduced into the container.
  • the inlet is provided in particular above the filling level.
  • the biphasic fluid flows substantially top to bottom between the inlet and the fill level, or in the presence of a manifold (see below) between the manifold and the fill level. This causes a part of the gas phase of the two-phase fluid is already separated here before the remaining / remaining fluid enters the bath in the so-called Morrisraum below or at filling level.
  • a separating unit between the filling level and the inlet or between the filling level and a distributor (see below), which at least forms a receiving space for the two-phase fluid.
  • a separating unit between the filling level and the inlet or between the filling level and a distributor (see below), which at least forms a receiving space for the two-phase fluid.
  • a plurality of separating units may be arranged within the container, which are aligned and arranged in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the container, wherein in each case one inlet may be associated with a separating unit.
  • the separating unit forms at least one upwardly open or directed receiving opening, via which the two-phase first medium entering from the inlet into the interior of the container can enter the receiving space of the separating unit.
  • the receiving opening is preferably located above the filling level, so that separated or separating gas can escape upwards out of the receiving space and not via the at least one distribution opening of the first side wall of the separating unit is entered into the liquid bath.
  • the first side wall has a plurality of distribution openings for discharging the liquid phase of the first medium from the receiving space.
  • entrained gas or entrained gas bubbles have sufficient time to exit their buoyancy force via the receiving opening of the separating unit into the separating chamber, before they could be introduced into the bath via the possibly existing distribution openings.
  • the separating unit is made of (in particular flat) metal sheets.
  • the separating unit may further be made, for example, from machined tubes, machined solid materials, molded or extruded sections, or a suitable combination of such materials.
  • the separating unit can be open both over its entire length (i.e., towards the separating space) and can also have sections closed at the top (in the closed sections there is no inflow of liquid to the separating unit). Furthermore, the separating unit can extend along the longitudinal axis of the jacket or container both over the entire area of the interior of the container and only over selected areas.
  • a distributor is furthermore preferably provided, which is in flow connection with the inlet and has at least one, preferably a plurality of downwardly directed outlet openings.
  • the distributor or its outlet openings are preferably arranged along the vertical (relative to a heat exchanger arranged as intended or in operation) above the separating unit and above the filling level.
  • a flow of the two-phase first medium can take place over an entire length of the separating unit or receiving opening along the longitudinal axis of the container.
  • the separating unit and optionally the distributor preferably form channels which extend in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the container.
  • the distributor and the separating unit also have the same length along the longitudinal axis.
  • the distributor already effects a first reduction in the entry speed of the first medium, so that a pre-separation, i. a coarse separation of gas phase and liquid phase is achieved.
  • a pre-separation i. a coarse separation of gas phase and liquid phase is achieved.
  • the flow is distributed over a greater length by means of the distributor, so that an inlet with a small cross-section and thus high flow rates can be used without these high speeds being transferred into the container.
  • the distributor or its at least one outlet opening is arranged vertically above the receiving opening of the separating unit, so that the first medium can flow down through the receiving opening into the receiving space of the separating unit.
  • the separating unit has a second side wall, which is opposite to the first side wall and is preferably formed by a wall of the container or shell of the container.
  • the separating unit is therefore in other words attached to an inner side of the jacket of the container.
  • the second side wall may also be formed separately from the jacket.
  • the receiving space can be produced with particularly low use of material.
  • the separating unit is advantageously welded, glued, or otherwise positively or non-positively joined with its own second side wall or with the second side wall formed from the wall of the container to the wall of the container.
  • the separating unit may be mounted at a suitable place other than the jacket (for example at the plate heat exchanger).
  • the side walls of the separating unit are provided as sheet metal parts.
  • the separating unit further comprises a third and a fourth side wall, which form in particular end faces of the longitudinally extending separating unit.
  • the third and fourth sidewalls respectively connect the first sidewall to the second sidewall, the third and fourth sidewalls preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the container run.
  • the third and the fourth side wall each have at least one side opening.
  • the side openings are formed, for example, as a circular hole.
  • An upper edge of the separating unit is preferably above the filling level, so that the liquid phase can only - if present - through the distribution openings (and possibly further openings of the side walls of the separating unit) can reach the bathroom in the storage room.
  • the side walls of the separating unit completely delimit the receiving space from the liquid bath in the original space, that is, the liquid phase of the first medium enters the liquid bath in the storage space only via the receiving space of the separating unit.
  • the momentum or kinetic energy of the falling first medium is reduced in the receiving space.
  • Gas bubbles can rise upwards and enter the separation chamber via the intake opening. The entry of gas bubbles in the navalraum or in the first heat transfer passages of the plate heat exchanger is thus avoided.
  • the liquid flow of the first medium is not adversely affected by the inlet flow.
  • no third and fourth side walls are provided and the receiving space is thus open at the end faces.
  • third and fourth side walls may be provided, the upper edges are below the filling height.
  • the separating unit is arranged in a horizontal, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the container extending direction laterally to the heat exchanger and thereby extends along (in particular parallel) of the heat exchanger and the longitudinal axis of the container.
  • the liquid phase of the first medium can therefore also leave the receiving space through the distribution openings in the vertical direction downward.
  • the first side wall may include an angle with the vertical in the range of 15 ° to 75 °.
  • the inclination angle of the first side wall is about 45 °.
  • the at least one distribution opening is formed as a slot. Due to the slot-shaped design of the distribution openings per opening a relatively large flow-through surface is achieved. A longitudinal extent of such slots preferably extends along the vertical. That is, a slot-shaped distribution opening has a lower and a parallel upper edge, which are significantly shorter than the two parallel side edges of the distribution opening, which extend between the lower and upper edge.
  • the nature and position of the openings can be chosen according to various aspects (for example, horizontal and vertical expansion, production costs, etc.). This applies to all sidewalls.
  • the separating unit can be manufactured from all suitable materials (such as aluminum, steel or plastic). A combination of suitable materials is possible.
  • suitable materials such as aluminum, steel or plastic.
  • the shape, size and number of elements used a separating unit can be designed both according to manufacturing technology as well as procedural aspects. In doing so, it is also possible to discuss specific plant-specific features. Each of the elements used can be designed individually.
  • the elements of the separating unit can be solid, perforated or slotted. In this case, for example, used sheets can be both flat and profiled.
  • At least the first side wall, as well as the end-side side walls (third and fourth side wall) are formed from a sheet metal.
  • a sheet metal preferably flat sheets are used, in which, if appropriate, said distribution and optionally side openings are introduced.
  • the separating unit is particularly inexpensive to produce and leads to no significant increase in the cost of the heat exchanger over a prior art heat exchanger without separation unit.
  • the sheets may be interconnected by any suitable connecting means, e.g. by means of welded joints or riveted joints, etc.
  • the heat exchanger arranged in the interior of the heat exchanger according to the invention is a plate heat exchanger.
  • This has first heat transfer passages for receiving the first medium and second heat transfer passages for receiving the second medium, wherein the heat transfer passages are separated by separating plates (eg dividing plates).
  • separating plates eg dividing plates
  • each between adjacent partition plates are provided, for example in the form of folded or corrugated sheets (so-called fins).
  • the outermost layers of the plate heat exchanger are formed by cover plates.
  • a plurality of parallel channels or a first or second heat transfer passage are formed between each two partition plates or between a partition plate and a cover plate due to the respectively arranged therebetween
  • a first or second heat transfer passage are formed between each two partition plates or between a partition plate and a cover plate due to the respectively arranged therebetween
  • the first and second heat transfer passages are preferably arranged adjacent to each other, so that heat can be transferred indirectly between the first and the second medium or fluid.
  • the two media can be performed in the associated passages, for example in cross-flow, in countercurrent or cross-counterflow to each other.
  • each first heat transfer passage at the bottom of the plate heat exchanger has an inlet opening (see above), through which the liquid phase of the first medium can get into the first heat transfer passages, and an outlet opening at the top of the plate heat exchanger, via which the first medium at the top of the plate heat exchanger can emerge as a two-phase current.
  • the cover plates, separator plates, fins and side bars are preferably made of aluminum and are preferably soldered together, for example in an oven.
  • the plate heat exchanger preferably has a first header (also referred to as a header) in fluid communication with the second heat transfer passages so that the second medium can be introduced into the second heat transfer passages via the first header and a second header (or header). which is also in flow communication with the second heat transfer passages so that the second medium is removable from the second heat transfer passages via the second collector.
  • a first header also referred to as a header
  • a second header or header
  • a plurality of plate heat exchangers can be arranged in the interior of the container.
  • Each plate heat exchanger may then be e.g. a separation unit according to the invention and optionally a distributor assigned.
  • the heat exchanger has a guide device arranged below the distributor, which is designed to conduct the liquid phase of the first medium emerging from the at least one outlet opening.
  • the guide device is preferably designed to guide at least a part of the liquid phase leaked from the at least one outlet opening into a second spatial direction, the second spatial direction in particular being different from the first spatial direction, and in particular the second spatial direction being one Has greater horizontal component than the first spatial direction or the jacket of the container points out.
  • the first spatial direction runs in particular along the vertical.
  • the guide device is furthermore designed to direct the liquid phase of the first medium away from the upper side of the plate heat exchanger and / or past the upper side.
  • the guide is designed to direct the liquid phase of the first medium so that the liquid phase does not act on the top of the plate heat exchanger.
  • the guide device preferably has at least one plate-shaped guide element, in particular in the form of a guide plate.
  • the at least one guide element preferably has a curvature.
  • the at least one guide element in particular has a convexly curved first side, which faces the plate heat exchanger, and a second side facing away from the first side, concavely curved second side facing away from the plate heat exchanger and / or facing the distributor channel.
  • the guide device extends over the entire distributor or only over a section of the distributor.
  • the at least one guide element may have a plurality of passage openings for the first medium.
  • the separating unit extends over more than half the length of the jacket of the container (along the horizontal longitudinal axis), preferably over more than 80% of this length, more preferably over more than 90% of this length.
  • the background here is, in particular, the fact that the separating unit can also be used to distribute the liquid phase in the jacket space, for example in the case of resistance elements installed in the jacket space.
  • the separating unit can then extend beyond these elements in the shell space.
  • the inlet into the jacket space may be present in only one half of the shell, for example, but the separating unit can extend over almost the entire shell length (see above).
  • Fig. 1 shows in connection with the Figures 2 and 3
  • This comprises a container 2, which has a cylindrical jacket 17 which extends along a longitudinal axis or cylinder axis, which extends at a designated heat exchanger 1 or during operation of the unit 1 along the horizontal.
  • the container 2 surrounds an interior or shell space I, in which at least one plate heat exchanger 5, is arranged.
  • at least one plate heat exchanger 5 is arranged.
  • two plate heat exchangers 5 are provided in the interior I.
  • only a plate heat exchanger 5 will be described by way of example.
  • an inlet 6 for a two-phase first medium 4 is provided, which is to be introduced into the interior I of the container 2, there to form a plate heat exchanger 5 surrounding bath with a defined level 3.
  • This area of the interior I is also referred to as fundamentalraum V.
  • the area above the liquid bath with the filling level 3 is referred to as the separation space A.
  • This space A is available for receiving a gaseous phase 39 of the first medium 4, which is to be deposited from the first medium.
  • the filling level 3 is particularly dimensioned that the plate heat exchanger 5 protrudes from the bath (first medium 4) only with a horizontally extended upper side 28.
  • the inlet 6 for the first medium 4 is in fluid communication with a manifold 13 which is formed as a channel extending along the longitudinal axis of the jacket 17.
  • the distributor 13 is attached to an inner side of the jacket 17 facing the inner space I, so that part of the wall of the distributor 13 is formed by the jacket 17 itself.
  • the distributor 13 surrounds a distributor space 21 which extends along the longitudinal axis of the jacket 17 and has a predetermined distributor length 14 along the longitudinal axis of the jacket 17.
  • Placed perpendicularly below the distributor 13 is a separating unit 8, which serves to calm the first medium 4, so that a gaseous phase 39 of the first medium 4 in the separating unit 8 can be largely separated from the liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4, before the liquid phase 38 is supplied to the excraum V.
  • FIG. 2 The relative position of the inlet 6, the manifold 13 and the separating unit 8 are in the sectional side view in FIG Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 shown.
  • Fig. 2 the location of a detail Z is shown, which in Fig. 3 is shown.
  • the position of the sectional view is in Fig. 1 designated AA.
  • the manifold 13 has a horizontally extending along the longitudinal axis of the shell 17 bottom with outlet openings in the form of through holes 37, over the entire length 14 of the manifold 13 and distribution chamber 21, the introduced into the distribution chamber 21 first medium 4 in a through the Separation unit 8 formed receiving space 7 can be given.
  • the separating unit 8 has an upwardly directed receiving opening 9, which is arranged below the distributor 13 and whose opening plane extends perpendicular to the vertical 23. Via the receiving opening 9, the first medium 4 falling from the distributor 13 enters the receiving space 7.
  • the separating unit 8 is designed as an open-topped channel, which also extends below the distributor 13 along the longitudinal axis of the jacket 17, wherein the preferred embodiment of FIG Separating unit 8 along the longitudinal axis of the shell 17 has a length 15 which corresponds to the distributor length 14 along the longitudinal axis of the shell 17.
  • the receiving space 7 of the separating unit 8 or the receiving opening 9 can therefore be charged with the first medium 4 over its entire length 15.
  • the separation unit 8 has a receiving opening 9 defining and the receiving space 7 limiting, circumferential wall.
  • the wall has a first side wall 10 facing the interior I or the plate heat exchanger 5, which faces the plate heat exchanger 5 transversely to the longitudinal axis of the jacket 17 in the horizontal direction.
  • the first side wall 10 is opposite to a second side wall 16 of the separating unit 8, which is formed by the jacket 17.
  • the separating unit 8 has a third and a fourth side wall 19, 20 which extend perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the jacket 17 and are substantially triangular in shape (apart from a rounding due to the cylindrical jacket 17) corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the separating unit 8.
  • the first side wall 10 of the separating unit 8 is inclined towards the plate heat exchanger 5, so that the horizontal cross section of the separating unit 8 or the receiving space 7 in the vertical increases from bottom to top towards the receiving opening 9.
  • the first side wall 10 encloses an angle of, in particular, 45 ° with the vertical.
  • the separating unit 8 and / or the distributor 13 are formed from one or more sheets and welded to the wall 17 of the container 2 or connected in any other suitable manner.
  • each of the first side wall 10 and the third and fourth side walls 19, 20 may be formed of a flat sheet and suitably connected to each other (e.g., by welded joints, rivets, etc.).
  • the first side wall 10 distribution openings 11 For discharging the liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4 from the receiving space 7 of the separating unit 8, the first side wall 10 distribution openings 11. Furthermore, side openings 12 in the form of passage openings are provided in the end-side side walls 19, 20, via which the liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4 can likewise exit into the storage space V.
  • the wall of the separating unit 8 or the first, third and fourth side wall 10, 19, 20 define an upper edge of the separating unit 8, which borders the receiving opening 9 and which is preferably arranged above the filling level 3. Accordingly, the liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4 passes out of the receiving space 7 preferably only via the distribution or side openings 11, 12 in the navalraum V.
  • the distribution openings 11 are slit-shaped along the verticals 23.
  • the distribution openings 11 are preferably arranged equidistant from one another over the entire length 15 of the separating unit.
  • the side openings 12 are preferably formed as circular holes, which each form a sufficient total cross-sectional area in parallel to the filling level 3 arranged rows arranged for different levels.
  • the openings 11, 12 are all below the filling level. 3
  • the container 2 has at least one outlet connection 22 at an upper region of the jacket 17. Furthermore, an outlet 36 is provided at a lower region of the jacket 17, which is provided for discharging the liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4 from the Morrisraum V. By means of an overflow wall 35, a minimum filling level of the liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4 in the storage space V is ensured.
  • the plate heat exchanger 5 has first heat transfer passages 24 for the first medium 4 and parallel second heat transfer passages 25 for the second medium 4a.
  • the heat transfer passages 24, 25 are separated from one another by partition plates and preferably have heat-conducting structures 26 (eg in the form of, in particular, corrugated fins).
  • the second heat transfer passages 25 are closed to the outside (ie, to the jacket space I).
  • an inlet 31 is provided on the jacket 17 of the container 2, which is in flow communication with a first collector 31a through which the individual second heat transfer passages 25 can be charged with the second medium 4a.
  • the plate heat exchanger 5 further has a second collector 32 a, which is in flow communication with an outlet 32 provided on the jacket 17.
  • the second medium 4a is removable from the second heat transfer passages 25 via the second collector 32a and can be withdrawn from the heat exchanger 1 via the outlet 32.
  • the first heat transfer passages 24 are designed to be open towards the upper side 28 of the plate heat exchanger 5 and to an underside 29 of the plate heat exchanger 5 facing away from the upper side, and have outlet or inlet openings 27, 30 there.
  • the liquid phase of the first medium 4 can enter the first heat transfer passages 24 through the inlet openings 30 on the lower side 29 and can leave them again on the upper side 28 via the outlet openings 27.
  • the first medium 4 or the portion of the first medium 4 remaining after the partial separation of the gas phase 39 flows from the distributor chamber 21 of the distributor 13 via the receiving opening 9 into the receiving space 7 of the separating unit 8 and is there collected.
  • the liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4 then passes through the distribution and possibly side openings 11, 12, which are below the filling level 3 of the liquid bath, in the liquid bath in the storage room V and there occurs via the inlet openings 30 at the bottom 29 of the plate heat exchanger 5 in the first heat transfer passages 24 a.
  • the registered gaseous phase 39 of the first medium 4 rises and exits through the receiving opening 9 from the receiving space 7 of the separating unit 8 in the separation chamber A. From the separation chamber A, the gaseous phase 39 of the first medium 4 is withdrawn via the at least one outlet connection 22.
  • the two-phase first medium 4 is supplied continuously via the inlet 6 and the liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4, which is not required in this heat exchanger, is discharged via the outlet 36, so that in particular a continuous cooling process can take place under defined conditions.
  • the liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4 enters the inlet openings 30 on the underside 29 and rises in the first heat transfer passages 24 due to the thermosyphon effect.
  • a second medium 4a is introduced into the adjacent second heat transfer passages 25, so that heat from the second medium 4a is indirectly transferred to the first medium 4.
  • the first medium 4 is thereby heated or partially evaporated and occurs at the top 28 of the plate heat exchanger 5 usually as a two-phase current from the Outlet openings 27 of the first heat transfer passages 24 from.
  • the remaining liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4 then circulates again down to the inlet openings 30 while the gaseous phase 39 rises in the separation chamber A and is withdrawn from the separation chamber A via the at least one outlet connection 22.
  • FIG. 4 in a heat exchanger 1 by type FIGS. 1 to 3 arranged in the vertical direction below the manifold 13, a guide 100, which is designed to conduct the emerging from the at least one outlet opening 37 liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4, wherein the guide 100 in particular at least a portion of the in a first (in particular vertical) spatial direction R from the at least one outlet opening 37 downstream liquid phase 38 deflects in a second spatial direction R ', which preferably differs from the first spatial direction R.
  • the second spatial direction R ' has a larger horizontal component than the first spatial direction R.
  • the deflection of at least a portion of the liquid phase 38 is preferably carried out so that the liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4 away from the top 28 or at the Over the top 28 of the heat exchanger or Platten Creekschreibers 5 to pass.
  • This ensures that the liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4 does not act on the upper side 28 of the at least one plate heat exchanger 5.
  • the guide device 100 has, in particular, at least one guide element 101, in particular in the form of a guide plate, which extends along the longitudinal axis of the container 2 or jacket 17 and in particular strikes substantially flush with a vertical side wall 103 of the distributor channel facing the interior I. . if necessary, passes into this.
  • the distribution channel 13 or the vertical side wall 103 and the guide element 101 may also be provided along the longitudinal axis of the shell 17 or container 2 extending gap through which a gaseous phase 39 of the first medium 4 can get into the separation chamber A.
  • the at least one guide element 101 has in particular a curvature or inclination such that the at least one guide element 101 has a particularly convexly curved first side 101a facing the plate heat exchanger 5 and a second side 101b facing away from the first side 101a is in particular concavely curved and facing away from the plate heat exchanger 5 and the distributor 13 faces.
  • the at least one guide element 101 is in this case arranged so that at least part of the liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4 emerging from the distributor 13 through the at least one outlet opening 37 impinges on the second side 101b and along the upper side 28 of the plate heat exchanger 5 is routed away and is introduced laterally to at least one plate heat exchanger 5 in the bath.
  • the at least one guide element 101 is preferably fixed by means of a frame 102 both on the distributor 13 and on the jacket 17 of the container 2.
  • the separating unit 8 can in principle have a device 200 for guiding and / or checking the liquid phase 38 in the receiving space 7, as shown by way of example in FIG Fig. 4 is shown.
  • the device 200 may, for example, comprise at least one guide element or plate 201 for deflecting and / or braking a flow of the liquid phase 38, or a mesh 202, in particular a wire mesh, for slowing down a flow of the liquid phase 38 and / or for supporting the agglomeration of gas bubbles of a entrained gaseous phase in the receiving space 7 is used.
  • Fig. 4 shows a possible embodiment of such a device 200, the wire mesh is arranged, for example, in the lower region of the receiving space 7.
  • the guide element or sheet 201 extends, for example, starting from the first side wall 10 above the distribution openings 11 in the direction of the opposite second side wall 16 and the shell 17.
  • the plate 201 thus prevents a direct flow of the liquid phase 38 in the receiving space 7 in the direction of the distribution openings 11 forms.
  • the two components 201, 202 do not necessarily have to be combined.
  • the arrangement of the guide element 201 can be varied depending on the existing in the receiving space 7 flow. The aim is in particular to suppress a direct flow of the liquid phase 38 to the distribution openings 11.
  • a gaseous phase 39 of the first medium 4 can be largely separated from the liquid phase 38 of the first medium 4, before the liquid phase 38 is supplied to the storage room V, and in particular a better control and distribution of the liquid phase 38th of first medium 4 can be achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP15808106.7A 2014-12-23 2015-12-07 Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere block-in-shell-wärmeübertrager mit einer separiereinheit zum separieren einer gasförmigen phase von einer flüssigen phase sowie zum verteilen der flüssigen phase Active EP3237825B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14004381 2014-12-23
PCT/EP2015/002463 WO2016102047A1 (de) 2014-12-23 2015-12-07 Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere block-in-shell-wärmeübertrager mit einer separiereinheit zum separieren einer gasförmigen phase von einer flüssigen phase sowie zum verteilen der flüssigen phase

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EP3237825A1 EP3237825A1 (de) 2017-11-01
EP3237825B1 true EP3237825B1 (de) 2019-01-30

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US (1) US10113806B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3237825B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2018500532A (zh)
KR (1) KR20170096051A (zh)
CN (1) CN107110621B (zh)
AU (1) AU2015371705B2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2970559A1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2721786T3 (zh)
MX (1) MX2017008041A (zh)
RU (1) RU2688126C2 (zh)
TR (1) TR201905861T4 (zh)
WO (1) WO2016102047A1 (zh)

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JP7180130B2 (ja) * 2018-06-07 2022-11-30 富士通株式会社 液浸槽
WO2021093993A1 (de) 2019-11-15 2021-05-20 Linde Gmbh Übergangsbauteil mit isolierung

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SU425412A3 (ru) * 1970-07-09 1974-04-25 Теплообменник
DE2835334A1 (de) * 1978-08-11 1980-02-21 Linde Ag Gewickelter waermetauscher
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2018500532A (ja) 2018-01-11
US10113806B2 (en) 2018-10-30
CN107110621A (zh) 2017-08-29
US20170363360A1 (en) 2017-12-21
TR201905861T4 (tr) 2019-05-21
MX2017008041A (es) 2017-10-20
ES2721786T3 (es) 2019-08-05
AU2015371705A1 (en) 2017-06-29
RU2688126C2 (ru) 2019-05-17
AU2015371705B2 (en) 2021-02-25
RU2017120983A (ru) 2019-01-24
WO2016102047A1 (de) 2016-06-30
KR20170096051A (ko) 2017-08-23
CA2970559A1 (en) 2016-06-30
EP3237825A1 (de) 2017-11-01
CN107110621B (zh) 2019-09-10
RU2017120983A3 (zh) 2019-04-04

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