EP3237578B1 - Process and apparatus for the reduction of heavy polycyclic aromatic compounds in hydrocracking units - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for the reduction of heavy polycyclic aromatic compounds in hydrocracking units Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3237578B1 EP3237578B1 EP15817223.9A EP15817223A EP3237578B1 EP 3237578 B1 EP3237578 B1 EP 3237578B1 EP 15817223 A EP15817223 A EP 15817223A EP 3237578 B1 EP3237578 B1 EP 3237578B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- line
- column
- withdrawn
- stream
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
- C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
- C10G47/22—Non-catalytic cracking in the presence of hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
- C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
- C10G65/10—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only cracking steps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G7/006—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils of waste oils other than lubricating oils, e.g. PCB's containing oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1096—Aromatics or polyaromatics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4081—Recycling aspects
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for reducing the concentration of heavy polycyclic aromatic compounds (HPNA) in the recycling loop of the hydrocracking units.
- HPNA heavy polycyclic aromatic compounds
- Hydrocracking processes are commonly used in refineries to convert hydrocarbon mixtures into easily recoverable products. These methods can be used to transform light cuts such as, for example, lighter-weighted species (LPG). However, they are usually used instead to convert heavier loads (such as heavy petroleum or synthetic cuts, for example vacuum distillation gas oils or effluents from a Fischer-Tropsch unit) into gasoline or naphtha, kerosene, diesel fuel. . This type of process is also used to produce oils.
- LPG lighter-weighted species
- part of the unconverted feed is recycled either to the reaction section in which it has already passed or to an independent reaction section.
- This induces an undesirable accumulation of the polycyclic aromatic compounds, formed in the reaction section during the cracking reactions, in the recycling loop.
- These compounds poison the hydrocracking catalyst, which reduces the catalytic activity as well as the cycle time. They can also precipitate or settle in the cold parts of the unit, thus generating malfunctions.
- HPNA compounds are defined as polycyclic or polynuclear aromatic compounds which thus comprise several fused rings or benzene rings. They are usually called HPA, Heavy Polynuclear Aromatics according to the English terminology, PNA or HPNA.
- the so-called heavy HPNAs comprise at least 4 or even at least 6 benzene rings in each molecule.
- Compounds with less than 6 cycles can be more easily hydrogenated and are therefore less likely to poison catalysts.
- the patent US 4,961,839 discloses a hydrocracking process for increasing pass conversion using high hydrogen flow rates in the reaction zone, vaporizing a large proportion of the hydrocarbons fed to the product separation column and concentrating the polycyclic aromatic compounds in the reaction zone. a small heavy fraction that is extracted from this column. In this process, a heavy fraction is drawn off at a plateau above the feed point and below the diesel distillate withdrawal point; this heavy fraction is recycled to hydrocracking. The bottom of the column (residue) is recycled directly into the fractionation column.
- This type of technique certainly allows a reduction in the concentration of HPNA in the recycling loop to the reactor, but leads to significant yield losses and significant costs related to the amounts of hydrogen.
- Patent applications and WO 2012/052042 and WO 2012/052116 (corresponding to US-2013/0220885 ) describe a hydrocracking process in which the bottom of the Fractionation column (residue) is stripped countercurrently in a stripping column.
- the light fraction obtained after stripping is returned to the fractionation column and the heavy fraction resulting from the stripping is at least partially purged, the other part of this fraction can be recycled to the stripping column.
- the method of the invention allows not only to concentrate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in unconverted fractions (residues) in order to eliminate them and to reduce the amount of residue purged to increase the conversion, but also to improve the yield of recoverable products. (For example avoiding over-cracking of diesel) and / or the catalytic cycle time compared to previous methods.
- the invention also has the advantage of considerably reducing the amount present in hydrocracking of HPNA having at least 6 aromatic rings, which are the most refractory to the reactions involved during hydrocracking.
- the process according to the invention is based on the introduction of a lateral withdrawal below the feed point of the column.
- the separation of the liquid preferably takes place by associating a stripper with the fractionation column, which strippes said fraction withdrawn.
- a part of the flow present at a plateau located below the supply tray and close to said feed tray is withdrawn from the column, and preferably at the level of the plateau closest to the plateau. power.
- said stream withdrawn can be recycled in the hydrocracking step directly (ie without treatment) or after separation of the gases (for example by adsorption, stripping ...) or after further separation (distillation ).
- said withdrawn stream is recycled directly to the hydrocracking stage. It will be noted that, according to the invention and preferably, there is no recycling of said stream withdrawn into the column.
- the separated gaseous effluent is recycled to the column at the level of the plateau closest to the plateau from which said flow has been withdrawn.
- the stream withdrawn at the plateau (I) or plateau (II) has an HPNA concentration of less than 500 ppm by weight, preferably less than 350 ppm by weight and very preferably less than 200 ppm by weight. It most often has a proportion of at least 70% by weight of unconverted hydrocarbons, preferably of at least 80% by weight of unconverted hydrocarbons and very preferably of at least 90% by weight of unconverted hydrocarbons.
- the process operates in the presence of a stripping gas injected into the fractionation step.
- a stripping gas injected into the fractionation step.
- it is water vapor, preferably at a pressure of between 0.2 and 1.5 MPa.
- the stripping gas injected into the external stripping step is preferably water vapor, preferably at a pressure of between 0.2 and 1.5 MPa.
- the hydrocracking step conventionally takes place at a temperature greater than 200 ° C., a pressure greater than 1 MPa, a space velocity of 0.1 to 20 h -1 , and the volume ratio H 2 / hydrocarbons is 80 at 5000NI / I.
- the invention also relates to an installation which is advantageously used to carry out the method according to the invention.
- the installation comprises at least one line (18) for recycling all of said stream withdrawn directly into the hydrocracking stage.
- the line (18) comprises a gas separation unit located before the hydrocracking section. This unit may for example be an adsorber or a stripper or a distillation column.
- the charges are defined by their boiling point T5 (as explained below).
- the conversion of the charge is defined with respect to the cut point of the residue.
- the unconverted fraction is called residue.
- the converted fraction comprises the desired fractions (objectives) by the refiner.
- the purged part refers to a part that leaves the process.
- the figure 1 represents the prior art.
- the configuration 2c of the figure 2 represents the prior art.
- the configuration 2d 2d of the figure 2 represents the invention.
- the Figures 2c and 2d understand each other in combination with the figure 1 , and more specifically with the essential elements of the figure 1 cited in the claims.
- the figure 1 shows a hydrocracking process scheme according to the prior art. For ease of reading, the description of the implementation conditions is given later in the text.
- the feed (line 1) composed of hydrocarbons of petroleum origin and / or synthetic hydrocarbons of mineral or biological source is mixed with hydrogen supplied by lines (5) (recycle) and / or (6) ( make-up hydrogen) via the compressor (7) and the line (8).
- the charge / hydrogen mixture thus produced is sent to the hydrocracking section (2).
- This section includes one or more reactors in fixed bed or bubbling bed.
- each reactor may comprise one or more catalyst beds hydrocracking hydrocarbons of the lighter hydrocarbon feedstock.
- the hydrocracking section comprises one or more bubbling bed reactors, a stream comprising liquid from the solid and gas flows vertically through a reactor containing a catalyst bed. The catalyst in the bed is kept in random motion in the liquid. The gross volume of the catalyst dispersed through the liquid is therefore greater than the volume of the catalyst at standstill.
- a mixture of hydrocarbon liquid and hydrogen is passed through the bed of catalyst particles at such a rate that the particles are put into operation. random movement and thus suspended in the liquid.
- the expansion of the catalyst bed in the liquid phase is controlled by the flow of recycle liquid so that in the equilibrium state, most of the catalyst does not exceed a defined level in the reactor.
- the catalysts are in the form of extrudates or balls, preferably of diameter between 0.8 mm and 6.5 mm in diameter.
- the reactors used in a bubbling bed process are generally designed with a central vertical recirculation conduit which serves as a flow tube for liquid recycle from the catalyst free zone above the bubbling bed catalyst via a pump. recycle that recycle the liquid in the catalytic zone.
- the liquid recycle allows both to maintain uniformity of temperature in the reactor and to maintain the catalyst bed in suspension.
- the hydrocracking section may be preceded or include one or more beds of hydrotreatment catalyst (s).
- the effluent of the hydrocracking section (2) is sent via line (3) to a separation zone (4) making it possible to recover firstly a gaseous fraction (5) and a liquid fraction (9).
- the gaseous fraction (5) contains excess hydrogen which has not reacted in the reaction section (2). It is generally combined with fresh hydrogen arriving via the line (6) to be recycled as indicated above.
- the liquid fraction (9) is heated by any means (10), for example an oven optionally associated with an exchanger (not shown), in order to be at least partially vaporized, before feeding the fractionation section (12) via the line (11).
- the fractionation section (12) comprises one or more distillation columns equipped with trays and internals for separating different recoverable fractions (distillates) which are withdrawn by means of lines (13) and (14), plus possibly other side rackings. These sections have ranges of boiling points located for example in the range of gasoline, kerosene and gas oil.
- An injection of stripping gas may be provided via the line (19). This line is located between the hydrocracked effluent feed tray (line 11) and the residue discharge point (line 15a).
- Part of the residue can be purged via line (16), another portion recycled to the hydrocracking section through lines (2) and (18) and another portion recycled to the fractionation section (line 15b).
- a part (line 15b) of the residue of the line (15a) is mixed with the feed (line 9) upstream of the furnace (10) of the fractionation section and recycled as a mixture (line 11) with this cut towards the splitting section.
- the purge (16) allows in particular to eliminate at least partially HPNA compounds which without this purge could accumulate in the recycling loop.
- Zone E traced on the figure 1 delimits the modified part in the context of the present invention.
- the fractionation section (12) comprises a single fractionation column. However, the invention could be carried out with several fractionating columns and at least one column would then comprise a zone E according to the invention.
- a stripping gas is injected into the column (line 19).
- the injection point is located below the feed tray and above the residue discharge point. It is preferably close to the point of evacuation of the residue at the bottom of the column.
- the Figure 2c is different from the figure 1 notably in that a lateral withdrawal (line 20) is added at one of the trays of the column.
- One or more rackings can be set up at the level of the column. It is thus withdrawn part of the flow present at the level of at least one plate (I).
- This tray may be the feed tray, in a preferred mode.
- the tray (I) shown is the feed tray.
- This withdrawal (line 20) is preferably at a plateau near the feed tray, and preferably at the plateau closest to the feed tray.
- the lateral withdrawal (line 20) is positioned in such a way that the withdrawn stream has a low HPNA concentration of less than 500 ppm by weight, preferably less than 350 ppm by weight and very preferably less than 200 ppm by weight, and most often a significant proportion of hydrocarbons not converted in the hydrocracking section by at least 70% by weight of unconverted hydrocarbon, preferably at least 80% by weight of nonhydrocarbons converted and very preferably at least 90% by weight of unconverted hydrocarbons.
- racking (line 20) is preferably positioned at the level of the feed tray or below the feed tray, and in the latter case, preferably at the plateau closest to the tray. power.
- All or part of said withdrawn stream is recycled to the hydrocracking step. It can be recycled directly (i.e. without treatment) or after any gas separation. Preferably, it is recycled directly into the hydrocracking step.
- the residue is not recycled in the column or in the hydrocracking step. It is completely purged. Note also that the stream withdrawn from the tray (I) is not recycled in the column (12).
- FIG. 2d represents an embodiment of the invention with the addition of a second lateral withdrawal at a plateau (II) different from the plateau (I).
- One or more rackings can be set up at the level of the column.
- This withdrawal (line 21) is preferably close to the feed tray.
- a portion of the flow present at the upper tray closest to the feed tray is withdrawn from the column.
- the lateral withdrawal (line 21) is positioned in such a way that the withdrawn stream has a low HPNA concentration of less than 500 ppm by weight, preferably less than 350 ppm by weight and very preferably less than 200 ppm by weight, and most often a significant proportion of unconverted hydrocarbons in the hydrocracking section of at least 70 wt% hydrocarbon unconverted, preferably at least 80% by weight unconverted hydrocarbons and very preferably at least 90% by weight unconverted hydrocarbons.
- the racking (line 21) is preferably positioned at the level of the feed tray or above the feed tray, and in the latter case, preferably at the plateau closest to the tray. power.
- All or part of said withdrawn stream is recycled to the column after separation of the liquid.
- the stream withdrawn (line 21) is stripped in an external stripping step (stripper 25) by a stripping gas (brought by the line 26). All or part of the separated gaseous effluent is recycled (line 22) in the column; according to figure 2d the entire gaseous effluent is recycled.
- the gaseous effluent is recycled to the column above which the flow has been withdrawn.
- better performances are obtained when the gaseous effluent is recycled to the column at the level of the plateau closest to the plateau from which the flow has been withdrawn.
- liquid effluent (line 23) is recycled in the hydrocracking step. It can be recycled directly (i.e. without treatment) or after any gas separation. Preferably, it is recycled directly into the hydrocracking step.
- Said lateral stripper (25) operates with the injection of a stripping gas (line 26).
- This gas is preferably steam, preferably low-pressure steam, preferably at a pressure of between 0.2 and 1.5 MPa.
- the embodiment of the figure 2d leads to better performance than the embodiment of the Figure 2c .
- fillers can be processed by the hydrocracking processes. Generally they contain at least 10% volume, usually at least 20% volume, and often at least 80% volume of compounds boiling above 340 ° C.
- the feedstock may be, for example, LCOs (light cycle oil - light gas oils from a catalytic cracking unit), atmospheric distillates, vacuum distillates, for example gas oils derived from the direct distillation of the crude or from conversion units such as FCC, coker or visbreaking, as well as feedstocks from aromatics extraction units of lubricating oil bases or from solvent dewaxing of lubricating oil bases, or process distillates.
- LCOs light cycle oil - light gas oils from a catalytic cracking unit
- atmospheric distillates for example gas oils derived from the direct distillation of the crude or from conversion units such as FCC, coker or visbreaking, as well as feedstocks from aromatics extraction units of lubricating oil bases or from solvent dewaxing of lubricating oil bases, or process distillates.
- RAT atmospheric residues
- RSV vacuum residues
- deasphalted oils or the charge can be a deasphalted oil, effluents d a Fisher-Tropsch unit or any mixture of the aforementioned fillers.
- RAT atmospheric residues
- RSV vacuum residues
- deasphalted oils or the charge can be a deasphalted oil, effluents d a Fisher-Tropsch unit or any mixture of the aforementioned fillers.
- the feeds have a T5 boiling point above 150 ° C (i.e. 95 percent of the compounds present in the feed have a boiling point above 150 ° C).
- the T5 point is generally about 150 ° C.
- the T5 is generally greater than 340 ° C., or even greater than 370 ° C.
- the usable fillers are therefore in a wide range of boiling points. This range generally extends from diesel to VGO, passing through all possible mixtures with other loads, for example the LCO.
- the nitrogen content of the feedstocks treated in the hydrocracking processes is usually greater than 500 ppm by weight, generally between 500 and 10,000 ppm by weight, more generally between 700 and 4500 ppm by weight and even more generally between 800 and 800 ppm by weight. and 4500 ppm weight.
- the sulfur content of the feedstocks treated in the hydrocracking processes is usually between 0.01 and 5% by weight, generally between 0.2 and 4% by weight and even more generally between 0.5 and 3%. weight.
- the charge may optionally contain metals.
- the cumulative nickel and vanadium content of the feeds treated in the hydrocracking processes is preferably less than 10 ppm by weight, preferably less than 5 ppm by weight and even more preferably less than 2 ppm by weight.
- the asphaltenes content is generally less than 3000 ppm by weight, preferably less than 1000 ppm by weight, more preferably less than 300 ppm by weight.
- the feedstock contains resins and / or asphaltenes-type compounds
- the catalysts or guard beds used are in the form of spheres or extrudates. Any other form can be used. Among the particular forms possible without this list being exhaustive: hollow cylinders, hollow rings, Raschig rings, serrated hollow cylinders, crenellated hollow cylinders, so-called pentaring carts, multi-hole cylinders, etc.
- These catalysts may have been impregnated with an active phase or not.
- the catalysts are impregnated with a hydro-dehydrogenation phase.
- the CoMo or NiMo phase is used.
- These catalysts may have macroporosity.
- the hydrocracking / hydroconversion or hydrotreating catalyst is generally brought into contact, in the presence of hydrogen, with the charges described above, at a temperature above 200 ° C., often between 250 and 480 ° C., advantageously between 320 and 450 ° C, preferably between 330 and 435 ° C, under a pressure greater than 1 MPa, often between 2 and 25 MPa, preferably between 3 and 20 MPa, the space velocity being between 0.1 and 20h - 1 and preferably between 0.1 and 6 h -1, more preferably between 0.2 and 3 h -1 and the quantity of hydrogen introduced being such that the volume ratio of liters of hydrogen / liter of hydrocarbon is between 80 and 5000 NI / I and most often between 100 and 3000 NI / I.
- the main objectives are:
- hydrocracking / hydroconversion processes using the catalysts according to the invention cover the pressure and conversion ranges from mild hydrocracking to high pressure hydrocracking.
- mild hydrocracking hydrocracking leading to moderate conversions, generally less than 40 percent, and operating at low pressure, generally between 2 MPa and 9 MPa.
- the hydrocracking catalyst can be used alone, in one or more fixed bed catalytic beds, in one or more reactors, in a so-called one-step hydrocracking scheme, with or without liquid recycling of the unconverted fraction, optionally in combination with a hydrorefining catalyst located upstream of the hydrocracking catalyst.
- Hydrocracking can be operated at high pressure (at least 10 MPa).
- the hydrocracking can be carried out according to a so-called two-step hydrocracking scheme with intermediate separation between the two reaction zones, in a given step, the hydrocracking catalyst can be used in one or in both reactors in association or not with a hydrorefining catalyst located upstream of the hydrocracking catalyst.
- the hydrocracking can be operated according to a second variant, called in one step.
- This variant generally comprises in the first place a deep hydrorefining which aims to carry out extensive hydrodenitrogenation and hydrodesulfurization of the feed before it is sent to the hydrocracking catalyst itself, in particular in the case where this it comprises a zeolite.
- This extensive hydrorefining of the feed results in a limited conversion of this feed into lighter fractions. The conversion, which remains insufficient, must therefore be completed on the more active hydrocracking catalyst.
- the hydrocracking section may contain one or more identical or different catalyst beds.
- amorphous basic solids for example alumina or silica-aluminas
- basic zeolites optionally added with at least one Group VIII hydrogenating metal and preferably also containing at least one Group VIB metal. These basic zeolites are composed of silica, alumina, and one or more exchangeable cations such as sodium, magnesium, calcium or rare earths.
- the catalyst is generally composed of a crystallized zeolite on which small amounts of a Group VIII metal are deposited, and also more preferably of a Group VIB metal.
- the zeolites that can be used are natural or synthetic and may be chosen, for example, from X, Y or L zeolites, faujasite, mordenite, erionite or chabasite.
- the hydrocracking can be carried out in one or more bubbling-bed reactors, with or without liquid recycling of the unconverted fraction, optionally in combination with a hydrorefining catalyst located in a fixed-bed or bubbling-bed reactor upstream of the reactor. hydrocracking catalyst.
- the bubbling bed operates with removal of spent catalyst and daily addition of new catalyst to maintain stable catalyst activity.
- the separator separates the liquid and the gas present in the effluent leaving the hydrocracking unit.
- Any type of separator allowing this separation can be used, for example a flash ball, a stripper, or even a simple distillation column.
- the fractionation section is generally composed of one or more columns comprising a plurality of trays and / or internal packings which can preferably be operated counter-cyclically. These columns are usually stripped steamed and include a reboiler to facilitate vaporization. It makes it possible to separate the hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and the light components (methane, ethane, propane, butane, etc.) from the effluents, as well as the hydrocarbon cuts having boiling points in the field of gasolines, kerosene, a gasoil and a heavy fraction recovered at the bottom of the column, all or part of which can be recycled to the hydrocracking section.
- H2S hydrogen sulphide
- the light components methane, ethane, propane, butane, etc.
- This example is based on the configuration of the figure 1 .
- Two samples from an industrial unit in operation, based on the configuration of the figure 1 have been analyzed.
- the properties are reported in Table 1 below.
- the splitting of the stream 11 in the column 12 was simulated by programming via the PRO / II software version 8.3.3, marketed by the SimSci company.
- the physical and analytical properties of the resulting fluxes were simulated and compared with the physical and analytical properties of the actual samples.
- the simulation PRO / II could establish the properties of the output stream of the fractionation column, in particular the distribution in HPNA could be modeled.
- Table 3 gives the characteristics of the currents 11, 16 and 18 (identical to 20) in the configuration 2c resulting from the simulation PRO / II.
- the configuration 2c makes it possible to maximize the amount of HPNA (3962 ppm by weight to be compared with 902 ppm by weight of the configuration 1) in the unconverted fraction which is purged via the line 16. Together the amount of HPNA is minimized in the This stream flows back to the reaction section via line 18 (707 ppm weight compared with 902 ppm weight of configuration 1) which reduces the amount of HPNA by 21.6%.
- the proportion of heavy refractory and poisonous HPNA (Naphto [8.2.1 abc] + coronene + Ovalene) relative to the amount of total HPNA in the flow that leaves to the reaction section is lower for configuration 2c (27.8%) than for configuration 1 (36.3%). This indicates that not only is there less total HPNA in the stream that returns to the reaction section via line 18 but in addition that the proportion of heavy refractory and poisonous HPNA (Naphto [8.2,1 abc] coronene + Ovalene) is weaker.
- Table 5 gives the characteristics of currents 11, 16 and 18 in the 2d configuration resulting from simulation PRO / II.
- the 2d configuration makes it possible to maximize the amount of HPNA (4959 ppm by weight to be compared with 902 ppm by weight of configuration 1) in the unconverted fraction which is purged via line (16).
- the amount of HPNA is minimized in the stream flowing back to the reaction section via line (18) (644 ppm by weight to be compared with 902 ppm by weight of configuration 1) which reduces the amount of HPNA by 28.6. %.
- the proportion of heavy refractory and poisonous HPNA (Naphto [8.2,1 abc] coronene + Ovalene) relative to the amount of total HPNA in the flow (18) that returns to the reaction section is higher. weak for configuration 2d (20.7%) than for configuration 1 (36.3%). This indicates that not only is there less total HPNA in the flow that returns to the reaction section via line (18) but in addition that the proportion of heavy refractory and poisoning HPNA (Naphto [8.2.1 abc] coronene + Ovalene) is weaker.
- this configuration also makes it possible to minimize the amount of diesel that is returned to the reaction section via line 18 since the amount of diesel returned to the reaction section is only 6.8% by weight compared with 10.9% by weight. in configuration 1.
Description
L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif permettant de réduire la concentration en composés aromatiques polycycliques lourds (HPNA) dans la boucle de recyclage des unités d'hydrocraquage.The invention relates to a method and a device for reducing the concentration of heavy polycyclic aromatic compounds (HPNA) in the recycling loop of the hydrocracking units.
Les procédés d'hydrocraquage sont couramment utilisés en raffinerie pour transformer des mélanges hydrocarbonés en produits aisément valorisables. Ces procédés peuvent être utilisés pour transformer des coupes légères telles que par exemple des essences en coupes plus légères (LPG). Ils sont toutefois habituellement plutôt utilisés pour convertir des charges plus lourdes (telles que des coupes pétrolières ou synthétiques lourdes, par exemple des gasoils issus de distillation sous vide ou des effluents d'une unité Fischer-Tropsch) en essence ou naphta, kérosène, gasoil. Ce type de procédé est également utilisé pour produire des huiles.Hydrocracking processes are commonly used in refineries to convert hydrocarbon mixtures into easily recoverable products. These methods can be used to transform light cuts such as, for example, lighter-weighted species (LPG). However, they are usually used instead to convert heavier loads (such as heavy petroleum or synthetic cuts, for example vacuum distillation gas oils or effluents from a Fischer-Tropsch unit) into gasoline or naphtha, kerosene, diesel fuel. . This type of process is also used to produce oils.
Afin d'augmenter la conversion des unités d'hydrocraquage, une partie de la charge non convertie est recyclée soit dans la section réactionnelle dans laquelle elle est déjà passée soit dans une section réactionnelle indépendante. Ceci induit une accumulation indésirable des composés aromatiques polycycliques, formés dans la section réactionnelle durant les réactions de craquage, dans la boucle de recyclage. Ces composés empoisonnent le catalyseur d'hydrocraquage, ce qui réduit l'activité catalytique ainsi que la durée de cycle. Ils peuvent également précipiter ou se déposer dans les parties froides de l'unité, générant ainsi des dysfonctionnements.In order to increase the conversion of the hydrocracking units, part of the unconverted feed is recycled either to the reaction section in which it has already passed or to an independent reaction section. This induces an undesirable accumulation of the polycyclic aromatic compounds, formed in the reaction section during the cracking reactions, in the recycling loop. These compounds poison the hydrocracking catalyst, which reduces the catalytic activity as well as the cycle time. They can also precipitate or settle in the cold parts of the unit, thus generating malfunctions.
Il y a donc nécessité d'améliorer le procédé d'hydrocraquage afin de diminuer la formation des composés aromatiques polycycliques, ou de les éliminer sans diminuer le rendement en produits valorisables.There is therefore a need to improve the hydrocracking process in order to reduce the formation of polycyclic aromatic compounds, or to eliminate them without reducing the yield of recoverable products.
Les composés HPNA sont définis comme des composés aromatiques polycycliques ou polynucléaires qui comprennent donc plusieurs noyaux ou cycles benzéniques condensés. On les nomme habituellement HPA, Heavy Polynuclear Aromatics selon la terminologie anglo-saxonne, PNA ou HPNA.The HPNA compounds are defined as polycyclic or polynuclear aromatic compounds which thus comprise several fused rings or benzene rings. They are usually called HPA, Heavy Polynuclear Aromatics according to the English terminology, PNA or HPNA.
Typiquement, les HPNA dits lourds comprennent au moins 4, voire au moins 6 cycles benzéniques dans chaque molécule. Les composés à moins de 6 cycles (dérivés du pyrène par exemple) peuvent être plus facilement hydrogénées et sont donc moins susceptibles d'empoisonner des catalyseurs. En conséquence nous nous sommes plus particulièrement intéressés aux composés les plus représentatifs des familles à 6 cycles aromatiques ou plus comme par exemple le Coronène (composé à 24 carbones), le dibenzo(e,ghi) pérylène (26 carbones), le naphto[8,2,1,abc] coronène (30 carbones) et l'ovaléne (32 carbones), qui sont les composés les plus facilement identifiables et quantifiables par exemple par chromatographie.Typically, the so-called heavy HPNAs comprise at least 4 or even at least 6 benzene rings in each molecule. Compounds with less than 6 cycles (pyrene derivatives for example) can be more easily hydrogenated and are therefore less likely to poison catalysts. As a result, we were particularly interested in the most representative compounds of families with 6 or more aromatic rings, such as Coronene (24-carbon compound), dibenzo (e, ghi) perylene (26 carbons), naphtho [8 , 2.1, abc] coronene (30 carbons) and ovalene (32 carbons), which are the most easily identifiable and quantifiable compounds for example by chromatography.
Le brevet
Le brevet
Les demandes de brevet et
Ces procédés ont apporté des améliorations dans la réduction des HPNA mais souvent au détriment des rendements et des coûts.These processes have led to improvements in the reduction of HPNA but often to the detriment of yields and costs.
Les brevets
Le procédé de l'invention permet non seulement de concentrer les hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques dans des fractions non converties (résidus) afin de les éliminer et de réduire la quantité de résidu purgée pour augmenter la conversion, mais aussi d'améliorer le rendement en produits valorisables (par exemple en évitant le sur-craquage du diesel) et/ou la durée de cycle catalytique par rapport aux procédés antérieurs. L'invention a également pour avantage de réduire considérablement la quantité présente en hydrocraquage de HPNA ayant au moins 6 cycles aromatiques, qui sont les plus réfractaires aux réactions mises en jeu lors de l'hydrocraquage.The method of the invention allows not only to concentrate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in unconverted fractions (residues) in order to eliminate them and to reduce the amount of residue purged to increase the conversion, but also to improve the yield of recoverable products. (For example avoiding over-cracking of diesel) and / or the catalytic cycle time compared to previous methods. The invention also has the advantage of considerably reducing the amount present in hydrocracking of HPNA having at least 6 aromatic rings, which are the most refractory to the reactions involved during hydrocracking.
Le procédé selon l'invention est basé sur la mise en place d'un soutirage latéral en-dessous du point d'alimentation de la colonne La séparation du liquide a lieu de préférence en associant un stripeur à la colonne de fractionnement, qui strippe ladite fraction soutirée.The process according to the invention is based on the introduction of a lateral withdrawal below the feed point of the column. The separation of the liquid preferably takes place by associating a stripper with the fractionation column, which strippes said fraction withdrawn.
Plus précisément, l'invention concerne un procédé d'hydrocraquage d'une charge pétrolière comprenant au moins 10% volume de composés bouillant au-dessus de 340°C, comprenant une étape d'hydrocraquage, éventuellement suivie d'une séparation des gaz de l'effluent hydrocraqué, puis d'une étape de fractionnement dudit effluent, qui sépare au moins un distillat et un résidu, ladite étape de fractionnement comporte une distillation dans une colonne munie de plateaux, colonne dans laquelle
- ledit effluent au moins partiellement vaporisé alimente la colonne sur au moins un plateau d'alimentation,
- ledit distillat est soutiré au niveau d'un plateau de soutirage,
- ledit résidu est évacué à un point d'évacuation,
- et un gaz de stripage est injecté à un point d'injection situé en-dessous du plateau d'alimentation, procédé dans lequel
- il est soutiré de la colonne une partie du flux présent au niveau d'au moins un plateau (I) qui est le plateau d'alimentation ou un plateau situé entre le plateau d'alimentation et ledit point d'injection du gaz de stripage,
- tout ou partie, et de préférence la totalité, dudit flux soutiré est recyclée dans l'étape d'hydrocraquage,
- et le résidu est entièrement purgé
dans lequel tout ou partie, et de préférence la totalité, dudit flux soutiré dudit plateau (II) est strippé dans une étape de stripage externe par un gaz de stripage, et tout ou partie, et de préférence la totalité, l'effluent gazeux séparé est recyclé dans la colonne au-dessus du plateau duquel ledit flux a été soutiré, et tout ou partie, et de préférence la totalité, de l'effluent liquide séparé est recyclé dans l'étape d'hydrocraquage.More specifically, the invention relates to a process for hydrocracking a petroleum feedstock comprising at least 10% by volume of compounds boiling above 340 ° C., comprising a hydrocracking step, optionally followed by a separation of the feed gases. the hydrocracked effluent, then a fractionation step of said effluent, which separates at least one distillate and a residue, said fractionation step comprises distillation in a column provided with trays, column in which
- said at least partially vaporized effluent feeds the column onto at least one feed tray,
- said distillate is drawn off at a draw plate,
- said residue is evacuated to an evacuation point,
- and a stripping gas is injected at an injection point located below the feed tray, a process in which
- a part of the flow present at the level of at least one plate (I) which is the feed plate or a plate situated between the feed plate and the said point of injection of the stripping gas is withdrawn from the column,
- all or part, and preferably all, of said withdrawn stream is recycled to the hydrocracking step,
- and the residue is completely purged
wherein all or part, and preferably all, of said stream withdrawn from said plate (II) is stripped in an external stripping step by a stripping gas, and all or part, and preferably all, the separate gaseous effluent is recycled to the column above the plate from which said stream has been withdrawn, and all or part, and preferably all, of the separated liquid effluent is recycled to the hydrocracking step.
De façon avantageuse, il est soutiré de la colonne une partie du flux présent au niveau d'un plateau situé en-dessous du plateau d'alimentation et proche dudit plateau d'alimentation, et de préférence au niveau du plateau le plus proche du plateau d'alimentation.Advantageously, a part of the flow present at a plateau located below the supply tray and close to said feed tray is withdrawn from the column, and preferably at the level of the plateau closest to the plateau. power.
Avantageusement, ledit flux soutiré peut être recyclé dans l'étape d'hydrocraquage directement (i.e. sans traitement) ou après séparation des gaz (par exemple par adsorption, stripage...) ou après une séparation plus poussée (distillation...).De préférence, ledit flux soutiré est recyclé directement dans l'étape d'hydrocraquage. On notera que, selon l'invention et de façon préférée, il n'y a pas de recyclage dudit flux soutiré dans la colonne.Advantageously, said stream withdrawn can be recycled in the hydrocracking step directly (ie without treatment) or after separation of the gases (for example by adsorption, stripping ...) or after further separation (distillation ...). Preferably, said withdrawn stream is recycled directly to the hydrocracking stage. It will be noted that, according to the invention and preferably, there is no recycling of said stream withdrawn into the column.
De préférence, l'effluent gazeux séparé est recyclé dans la colonne au niveau du plateau le plus proche du plateau duquel ledit flux a été soutiré.Preferably, the separated gaseous effluent is recycled to the column at the level of the plateau closest to the plateau from which said flow has been withdrawn.
On notera que, selon l'invention et de façon préférée, il n'y a pas de recyclage de la fraction liquide, séparée à l'étape de stripage, vers la colonne de fractionnement. On notera également que selon l'invention, tout le résidu est purgé.It will be noted that, according to the invention and preferably, there is no recycling of the liquid fraction, separated at the stripping step, to the fractionation column. It will also be noted that according to the invention, all the residue is purged.
Le flux soutiré au niveau du plateau (I) ou du plateau (II) présente une concentration en HPNA inférieure à 500 ppm poids, préférentiellement inférieure à 350 ppm poids et très préférentiellement inférieure à 200ppm poids. Il présente le plus souvent une proportion d'au moins 70%poids en hydrocarbure non convertis, préférentiellement d'au moins 80%poids en hydrocarbures non convertis et très préférentiellement d'au moins 90%poids en hydrocarbures non convertis.The stream withdrawn at the plateau (I) or plateau (II) has an HPNA concentration of less than 500 ppm by weight, preferably less than 350 ppm by weight and very preferably less than 200 ppm by weight. It most often has a proportion of at least 70% by weight of unconverted hydrocarbons, preferably of at least 80% by weight of unconverted hydrocarbons and very preferably of at least 90% by weight of unconverted hydrocarbons.
De préférence, le procédé opère en présence d'un gaz de stripage injecté dans l'étape de fractionnement. De préférence, c'est de la vapeur d'eau, de préférence à une pression comprise entre 0,2 et 1,5MPa.Preferably, the process operates in the presence of a stripping gas injected into the fractionation step. Preferably, it is water vapor, preferably at a pressure of between 0.2 and 1.5 MPa.
Le gaz de stripage injecté dans l'étape de stripage externe est de préférence de la vapeur d'eau, de préférence à une pression comprise entre 0,2 et 1,5MPa.The stripping gas injected into the external stripping step is preferably water vapor, preferably at a pressure of between 0.2 and 1.5 MPa.
L'étape d'hydrocraquage a lieu, de façon classique, à une température supérieure à 200°C, une pression supérieure à 1MPa, une vitesse spatiale de 0,1 à 20h-1, et le rapport volumique H2/hydrocarbures est de 80 à 5000NI/I.The hydrocracking step conventionally takes place at a temperature greater than 200 ° C., a pressure greater than 1 MPa, a space velocity of 0.1 to 20 h -1 , and the volume ratio H 2 / hydrocarbons is 80 at 5000NI / I.
L'invention concerne également une installation qui est avantageusement mise en œuvre pour réaliser le procédé selon l'invention.The invention also relates to an installation which is advantageously used to carry out the method according to the invention.
Elle comprend :
- une section d'hydrocraquage (2) munie d'une ligne (1) d'entrée de la charge et d'une ligne (8) d'entrée de l'hydrogène,
- éventuellement suivie d'une zone de séparation (4) de l'effluent pour séparer une fraction gazeuse,
- suivie d'une section de fractionnement (12) comprenant au moins une colonne de distillation munie de plateaux, ladite colonne comportant :
- au moins une ligne (11) d'entrée de l'effluent hydrocraqué au moins partiellement vaporisé sur au moins un plateau d'alimentation,
- au moins une ligne (14) pour le soutirage d'au moins un distillat au niveau d'un plateau de soutirage,
- au moins une ligne (16) d'évacuation sous forme de purge de la totalité du résidu,
- et comprenant au moins une ligne (19) pour l'injection d'un gaz de stripage, le point d'injection étant situé en-dessous du plateau d'alimentation,
- au moins une ligne (20) pour le soutirage d'une partie du flux présent au niveau d'au moins un plateau (I) qui est le plateau d'alimentation ou un plateau situé entre le plateau d'alimentation et ledit point d'injection du gaz de stripage,
- au moins une ligne (18) pour le recyclage de tout ou partie dudit flux soutiré, et de préférence la totalité, dans l'étape d'hydrocraquage,
- au moins une ligne (21) pour le soutirage d'une partie du flux présent au niveau d'au moins un plateau (II) situé entre le plateau d'alimentation et le plateau de soutirage de la fraction distillat la plus lourde, ledit au moins un plateau (II) étant situé au-dessus dudit plateau d'alimentation,
- un stripeur (25) externe à la colonne, muni d'une ligne (21) d'entrée dudit flux soutiré, d'une ligne (26) d'injection d'un gaz de stripage, d'une ligne (22) de sortie de la fraction gazeuse, d'une ligne (23) de sortie de la fraction liquide,
- une ligne (22) de recyclage de tout ou partie, et de préférence de la totalité, de ladite fraction gazeuse dans ladite colonne, la ligne (22) débouchant dans la colonne au-dessus du plateau duquel ledit flux à été soutiré,
- une ligne (23) de recyclage de tout ou partie, et de préférence de la totalité, de ladite fraction liquide dans l'étape d'hydrocraquage.
- a hydrocracking section (2) provided with a line (1) for entering the charge and a line (8) for introducing hydrogen,
- optionally followed by a separation zone (4) of the effluent to separate a gaseous fraction,
- followed by a fractionation section (12) comprising at least one distillation column provided with trays, said column comprising:
- at least one inlet line (11) of the hydrocracked effluent that is at least partially vaporized on at least one feed tray,
- at least one line (14) for withdrawing at least one distillate at a draw plate,
- at least one drain line (16) for purging the entire residue,
- and comprising at least one line (19) for injecting a stripping gas, the injection point being located below the feed tray,
- at least one line (20) for withdrawing a portion of the flow present at at least one tray (I) which is the feed tray or a tray located between the feed tray and said feed point; injection of the stripping gas,
- at least one line (18) for recycling all or part of said stream withdrawn, and preferably all, in the hydrocracking step,
- at least one line (21) for withdrawing a portion of the flux present at at least one plate (II) located between the feed tray and the draw plate of the heaviest distillate fraction, said at least one tray (II) being located above said feed tray,
- a stripper (25) external to the column, provided with an inlet line (21) of said withdrawn stream, a line (26) for injecting a stripping gas, a line (22) of leaving the gaseous fraction, an exit line (23) of the liquid fraction,
- a line (22) for recycling all or part, and preferably all, of said gaseous fraction in said column, the line (22) opening into the column above the plate from which said flow has been withdrawn,
- a line (23) for recycling all or part, and preferably all, of said liquid fraction in the hydrocracking step.
De préférence, l'installation comprend au moins une ligne (18) pour le recyclage de la totalité dudit flux soutiré directement dans l'étape d'hydrocraquage. Dans une autre disposition, la ligne (18) comporte une unité de séparation des gaz située avant la section d'hydrocraquage. Cette unité peut être par exemple un adsorbeur ou un stripeur ou une colonne à distiller.Preferably, the installation comprises at least one line (18) for recycling all of said stream withdrawn directly into the hydrocracking stage. In Another provision, the line (18) comprises a gas separation unit located before the hydrocracking section. This unit may for example be an adsorber or a stripper or a distillation column.
de la totalité, de ladite fraction liquide dans l'étape d'hydrocraquage.of all of said liquid fraction in the hydrocracking step.
De préférence, il n'y a pas de ligne de recyclage de la fraction liquide, séparée à l'étape de stripage, vers la colonne de fractionnement.Preferably, there is no recycle line of the liquid fraction, separated at the stripping step, to the fractionation column.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à partir de la description des figures.The invention will be better understood from the description of the figures.
Dans le texte, on définit les charges par leur point d'ébullition T5 (comme cela est expliqué plus loin). La conversion de la charge est définie par rapport au point de coupe du résidu. La fraction non convertie est appelée résidu. La fraction convertie comprend les fractions recherchées (objectifs) par le raffineur.In the text, the charges are defined by their boiling point T5 (as explained below). The conversion of the charge is defined with respect to the cut point of the residue. The unconverted fraction is called residue. The converted fraction comprises the desired fractions (objectives) by the refiner.
La partie purgée se réfère à une partie qui sort du procédé.The purged part refers to a part that leaves the process.
La
Le principe sera explicité à partir de la
La
La charge (ligne 1) composée d'hydrocarbures d'origine pétrolière et/ou d'hydrocarbures synthétiques de source minérale ou biologique est mélangée à de l'hydrogène alimenté par les lignes (5) (recycle) et/ou (6) (hydrogène d'appoint) via le compresseur (7) et la ligne (8). Le mélange charge/hydrogène ainsi réalisé est envoyé dans la section d'hydrocraquage (2). Cette section comporte un ou plusieurs réacteurs en lit fixe ou en lit bouillonnant.The feed (line 1) composed of hydrocarbons of petroleum origin and / or synthetic hydrocarbons of mineral or biological source is mixed with hydrogen supplied by lines (5) (recycle) and / or (6) ( make-up hydrogen) via the compressor (7) and the line (8). The charge / hydrogen mixture thus produced is sent to the hydrocracking section (2). This section includes one or more reactors in fixed bed or bubbling bed.
Lorsque la section d'hydrocraquage comprend un ou plusieurs réacteurs en lit fixe, chaque réacteur peut comprendre un ou plusieurs lits de catalyseur réalisant l'hydrocraquage des hydrocarbures de la charge en hydrocarbures plus légers. Lorsque la section d'hydrocraquage comprend un ou plusieurs réacteurs en lit bouillonnant, un flux, comprenant du liquide du solide et du gaz, circule verticalement à travers un réacteur contenant un lit de catalyseur. Le catalyseur dans le lit est maintenu en mouvement aléatoire dans le liquide. Le volume brut du catalyseur dispersé à travers le liquide est donc supérieur au volume du catalyseur à l'arrêt. Cette technologie est largement décrite dans la littérature.When the hydrocracking section comprises one or more fixed bed reactors, each reactor may comprise one or more catalyst beds hydrocracking hydrocarbons of the lighter hydrocarbon feedstock. When the hydrocracking section comprises one or more bubbling bed reactors, a stream comprising liquid from the solid and gas flows vertically through a reactor containing a catalyst bed. The catalyst in the bed is kept in random motion in the liquid. The gross volume of the catalyst dispersed through the liquid is therefore greater than the volume of the catalyst at standstill. This technology is widely described in the literature.
Un mélange de liquide hydrocarboné et d'hydrogène est passé à travers le lit de particules de catalyseur à une vitesse telle que les particules sont misent en mouvement aléatoire et donc en suspension dans le liquide. L'expansion du lit catalytique dans la phase liquide est contrôlée par le débit de liquide de recyclage de façon à ce que à l'état d'équilibre, la majeure partie du catalyseur ne dépasse pas un niveau définit dans le réacteur. Les catalyseurs sont sous forme d'extrudés ou de billes, de préférence de diamètre compris entre 0,8 mm et 6,5 mm de diamètre.A mixture of hydrocarbon liquid and hydrogen is passed through the bed of catalyst particles at such a rate that the particles are put into operation. random movement and thus suspended in the liquid. The expansion of the catalyst bed in the liquid phase is controlled by the flow of recycle liquid so that in the equilibrium state, most of the catalyst does not exceed a defined level in the reactor. The catalysts are in the form of extrudates or balls, preferably of diameter between 0.8 mm and 6.5 mm in diameter.
Dans un procédé en lit bouillonnant des quantités importantes de gaz d'hydrogène et de vapeurs d'hydrocarbures légers montent à travers la zone réactionnelle puis dans une zone exempte de catalyseur. Le liquide provenant de la zone catalytique est pour partie recyclé dans le fond du réacteur après séparation d'une fraction gazeuse et pour partie retiré du réacteur en tant que produit, le plus souvent en partie haute du réacteur.In a bubbling bed process large amounts of hydrogen gas and light hydrocarbon vapors rise through the reaction zone and then into a catalyst-free zone. The liquid from the catalytic zone is partly recycled in the bottom of the reactor after separation of a gaseous fraction and partly removed from the reactor as a product, usually in the upper part of the reactor.
Les réacteurs utilisés dans un procédé en lit bouillonnant sont généralement conçus avec un conduit de recyclage vertical central qui sert de tube d'écoulement pour le recyclage de liquide de la zone exempte de catalyseur située au-dessus du catalyseur en lit bouillonnant, via une pompe de recyclage qui permet de recycler le liquide dans la zone catalytique. Le recyclage de liquide permet à la fois de maintenir l'uniformité de la température dans le réacteur et de maintenir le lit de catalyseur en suspension.The reactors used in a bubbling bed process are generally designed with a central vertical recirculation conduit which serves as a flow tube for liquid recycle from the catalyst free zone above the bubbling bed catalyst via a pump. recycle that recycle the liquid in the catalytic zone. The liquid recycle allows both to maintain uniformity of temperature in the reactor and to maintain the catalyst bed in suspension.
La section d'hydrocraquage peut être précédée ou inclure un ou plusieurs lits de catalyseur(s) d'hydrotraitement.The hydrocracking section may be preceded or include one or more beds of hydrotreatment catalyst (s).
L'effluent de la section d'hydrocraquage (2) est envoyé par ligne (3) vers une zone de séparation (4) permettant de récupérer d'une part une fraction gazeuse (5) et une fraction liquide (9). La fraction gazeuse (5) contient l'hydrogène en excès qui n'a pas réagi dans la section réactionnelle (2). Elle est généralement combinée avec de l'hydrogène frais arrivant par la ligne (6) afin d'être recyclée comme indiqué ci-avant.The effluent of the hydrocracking section (2) is sent via line (3) to a separation zone (4) making it possible to recover firstly a gaseous fraction (5) and a liquid fraction (9). The gaseous fraction (5) contains excess hydrogen which has not reacted in the reaction section (2). It is generally combined with fresh hydrogen arriving via the line (6) to be recycled as indicated above.
La fraction liquide (9) est réchauffée par tout moyen (10), par exemple un four éventuellement associé à un échangeur (non représenté), afin d'être au moins en partie vaporisée, avant d'alimenter la section de fractionnement (12) via la ligne (11). La section de fractionnement (12) comprend une ou plusieurs colonnes de distillation équipées de plateaux et d'internes permettant de séparer différentes coupes (distillats) valorisables qui sont soutirées au moyen des lignes (13) et (14), plus éventuellement d'autres soutirages latéraux. Ces coupes présentent des gammes de points d'ébullition situés par exemple dans la gamme des essences, du kérosène et du gasoil.The liquid fraction (9) is heated by any means (10), for example an oven optionally associated with an exchanger (not shown), in order to be at least partially vaporized, before feeding the fractionation section (12) via the line (11). The fractionation section (12) comprises one or more distillation columns equipped with trays and internals for separating different recoverable fractions (distillates) which are withdrawn by means of lines (13) and (14), plus possibly other side rackings. These sections have ranges of boiling points located for example in the range of gasoline, kerosene and gas oil.
En fond de colonne on récupère une fraction plus lourde non convertie (résidu) (ligne 15a).At the bottom of the column, a heavier unconverted fraction (residue) is recovered (
Une injection de gaz de stripage peut être prévue via la ligne (19). Cette ligne est située entre le plateau d'alimentation en effluent hydrocraqué (ligne 11) et le point d'évacuation du résidu (ligne 15a).An injection of stripping gas may be provided via the line (19). This line is located between the hydrocracked effluent feed tray (line 11) and the residue discharge point (
Une partie du résidu peut être purgée via la ligne (16), une autre partie recyclée vers la section d'hydrocraquage par les lignes (2) et (18) et une autre partie recyclée vers la section de fractionnement (ligne 15b).Part of the residue can be purged via line (16), another portion recycled to the hydrocracking section through lines (2) and (18) and another portion recycled to the fractionation section (
Selon la
La zone E tracée sur la
La
On ne reprendra pas les éléments décrits précédemment. On notera que la ligne (15b) (recyclage du résidu à la colonne de fractionnement) est supprimée dans l'invention. Il en est de même pour le recyclage du résidu à l'hydrocraquage.We will not repeat the elements described above. It will be noted that the line (15b) (recycling of the residue to the fractionation column) is deleted in the invention. It is the same for recycling the residue to hydrocracking.
La section de fractionnement (12) comprend une seule colonne de fractionnement. Toutefois, l'invention pourrait-être réalisée avec plusieurs colonnes de fractionnement et au moins une colonne comprendrait alors une zone E selon l'invention.The fractionation section (12) comprises a single fractionation column. However, the invention could be carried out with several fractionating columns and at least one column would then comprise a zone E according to the invention.
Selon la
Un gaz de stripage est injecté dans la colonne (ligne 19). Avantageusement, il s'agit de vapeur, de préférence de la vapeur basse pression, de préférence à une pression comprise entre 0,2 et 1,5 MPa (0,1MPa=1bar). Le point d'injection est situé en-dessous du plateau d'alimentation et au-dessus du point d'évacuation du résidu. Il est de préférence proche du point d'évacuation du résidu en fond de la colonne.A stripping gas is injected into the column (line 19). Advantageously, this is steam, preferably low-pressure steam, preferably at a pressure of between 0.2 and 1.5 MPa (0.1 MPa = 1 bar). The injection point is located below the feed tray and above the residue discharge point. It is preferably close to the point of evacuation of the residue at the bottom of the column.
La
Ce plateau peut être le plateau d'alimentation, dans un mode préféré. Sur la
Ce peut être aussi un plateau situé entre le plateau d'alimentation et ledit point d'injection du gaz de stripage. Ce soutirage (ligne 20) est de préférence au niveau d'un plateau proche du plateau d'alimentation, et préférentiellement au niveau du plateau le plus proche du plateau d'alimentation.It can also be a plate located between the feed plate and the injection point of the stripping gas. This withdrawal (line 20) is preferably at a plateau near the feed tray, and preferably at the plateau closest to the feed tray.
Le soutirage latéral (ligne 20) est positionné de manière à ce que le flux soutiré présente une faible concentration en HPNA inférieure à 500 ppm poids, préférentiellement inférieure à 350 ppm poids et très préférentiellement inférieure à 200 ppm poids, et, le plus souvent, une proportion importante d'hydrocarbures non convertis dans la section d'hydrocraquage d'au moins 70 % poids en hydrocarbure non convertis, préférentiellement d'au moins 80 % poids en hydrocarbures non convertis et très préférentiellement d'au moins 90 % poids en hydrocarbures non convertis.The lateral withdrawal (line 20) is positioned in such a way that the withdrawn stream has a low HPNA concentration of less than 500 ppm by weight, preferably less than 350 ppm by weight and very preferably less than 200 ppm by weight, and most often a significant proportion of hydrocarbons not converted in the hydrocracking section by at least 70% by weight of unconverted hydrocarbon, preferably at least 80% by weight of nonhydrocarbons converted and very preferably at least 90% by weight of unconverted hydrocarbons.
Afin de respecter ces critères, le soutirage (ligne 20) est préférentiellement positionné au niveau du plateau d'alimentation ou bien au-dessous du plateau d'alimentation, et dans ce dernier cas, de préférence au niveau du plateau le plus proche du plateau d'alimentation.In order to meet these criteria, racking (line 20) is preferably positioned at the level of the feed tray or below the feed tray, and in the latter case, preferably at the plateau closest to the tray. power.
Tout ou partie dudit flux soutiré est recyclé dans l'étape d'hydrocraquage. Il peut être recyclé directement (i.e. sans traitement) ou après une éventuelle séparation des gaz. De préférence, il est recyclé directement dans l'étape d'hydrocraquage.All or part of said withdrawn stream is recycled to the hydrocracking step. It can be recycled directly (i.e. without treatment) or after any gas separation. Preferably, it is recycled directly into the hydrocracking step.
Selon l'invention, le résidu n'est pas recyclé dans la colonne ou dans l'étape d'hydrocraquage. Il est entièrement purgé. On notera aussi que le flux soutiré du plateau (I) n'est pas recyclé dans la colonne (12).According to the invention, the residue is not recycled in the column or in the hydrocracking step. It is completely purged. Note also that the stream withdrawn from the tray (I) is not recycled in the column (12).
Pour la description de la
Selon la
On peut mettre en place un ou plusieurs soutirages au niveau de la colonne. Ce soutirage (ligne 21) est de préférence proche du plateau d'alimentation. De préférence, il est soutiré de la colonne une partie du flux présent au niveau du plateau supérieur le plus proche du plateau d'alimentation.One or more rackings can be set up at the level of the column. This withdrawal (line 21) is preferably close to the feed tray. Preferably, a portion of the flow present at the upper tray closest to the feed tray is withdrawn from the column.
Le soutirage latéral (ligne 21) est positionné de manière à ce que le flux soutiré présente une faible concentration en HPNA inférieure à 500 ppm poids, préférentiellement inférieure à 350 ppm poids et très préférentiellement inférieure à 200 ppm poids, et, le plus souvent, une proportion importante d'hydrocarbures non convertis dans la section d'hydrocraquage d'au moins 70%poids en hydrocarbure non convertis, préférentiellement d'au moins 80%poids en hydrocarbures non convertis et très préférentiellement d'au moins 90%poids en hydrocarbures non convertis.The lateral withdrawal (line 21) is positioned in such a way that the withdrawn stream has a low HPNA concentration of less than 500 ppm by weight, preferably less than 350 ppm by weight and very preferably less than 200 ppm by weight, and most often a significant proportion of unconverted hydrocarbons in the hydrocracking section of at least 70 wt% hydrocarbon unconverted, preferably at least 80% by weight unconverted hydrocarbons and very preferably at least 90% by weight unconverted hydrocarbons.
Afin de respecter ces critères, le soutirage (ligne 21) est préférentiellement positionné au niveau du plateau d'alimentation ou bien au-dessus du plateau d'alimentation, et dans ce dernier cas, de préférence au niveau du plateau le plus proche du plateau d'alimentation.In order to comply with these criteria, the racking (line 21) is preferably positioned at the level of the feed tray or above the feed tray, and in the latter case, preferably at the plateau closest to the tray. power.
Tout ou partie dudit flux soutiré est recyclé dans la colonne après une séparation du liquide.All or part of said withdrawn stream is recycled to the column after separation of the liquid.
Le flux soutiré (ligne 21) est strippé dans une étape de stripage externe (stripeur 25) par un gaz de stripage (amené par la ligne 26). Tout ou partie de l'effluent gazeux séparé est recyclé (ligne 22) dans la colonne ; selon la
L'effluent gazeux est recyclé dans la colonne au-dessus du plateau duquel le flux a été soutiré. De plus, de meilleures performances sont obtenues lorsque l'effluent gazeux est recyclé dans la colonne au niveau du plateau le plus proche du plateau duquel le flux a été soutiré.The gaseous effluent is recycled to the column above which the flow has been withdrawn. In addition, better performances are obtained when the gaseous effluent is recycled to the column at the level of the plateau closest to the plateau from which the flow has been withdrawn.
Tout ou partie de l'effluent liquide (ligne 23) est recyclé dans l'étape d'hydrocraquage. Il peut être recyclé directement (i.e. sans traitement) ou après une éventuelle séparation des gaz. De préférence, il est recyclé directement dans l'étape d'hydrocraquage.All or part of the liquid effluent (line 23) is recycled in the hydrocracking step. It can be recycled directly (i.e. without treatment) or after any gas separation. Preferably, it is recycled directly into the hydrocracking step.
Selon la
Ledit stripeur latéral (25) fonctionne avec injection d'un gaz de stripage (ligne 26). Ce gaz est de préférence de la vapeur, préférentiellement de la vapeur basse pression, de préférence à une pression comprise entre 0,2 et 1,5MPa.Said lateral stripper (25) operates with the injection of a stripping gas (line 26). This gas is preferably steam, preferably low-pressure steam, preferably at a pressure of between 0.2 and 1.5 MPa.
Ainsi que le montrent les exemples ci-après, le mode de réalisation de la
Cette description se réfère à des conditions et mises en œuvre classiques, qui s'appliquent aussi bien aux
Des charges très variées peuvent être traitées par les procédés d'hydrocraquage. Généralement elles contiennent au moins 10% volume, généralement au moins 20 % volume, et souvent au moins 80% volume de composés bouillant au-dessus de 340°C.A wide variety of fillers can be processed by the hydrocracking processes. Generally they contain at least 10% volume, usually at least 20% volume, and often at least 80% volume of compounds boiling above 340 ° C.
La charge peut être par exemple des LCO (light cycle oil - gazoles légers issus d'une unité de craquage catalytique), des distillats atmosphériques, des distillats sous vide par exemple gazoles issus de la distillation directe du brut ou d'unités de conversion telles que le FCC, le coker ou la viscoréduction, ainsi que des charges provenant d'unités d'extraction d'aromatiques des bases d'huile lubrifiante ou issues du déparaffinage au solvant des bases d'huile lubrifiante, ou encore des distillats provenant de procédés de désulfuration ou d'hydroconversion en lit fixe ou en lit bouillonnant de RAT (résidus atmosphériques) et/ou de RSV (résidus sous vide) et/ou d'huiles désasphaltées, ou encore la charge peut être une huile désasphaltée, des effluents d'une unité de Fisher-Tropsch ou encore tout mélange des charges précédemment citées. La liste ci- dessus n'est pas limitative.The feedstock may be, for example, LCOs (light cycle oil - light gas oils from a catalytic cracking unit), atmospheric distillates, vacuum distillates, for example gas oils derived from the direct distillation of the crude or from conversion units such as FCC, coker or visbreaking, as well as feedstocks from aromatics extraction units of lubricating oil bases or from solvent dewaxing of lubricating oil bases, or process distillates. for desulphurization or hydroconversion in a fixed bed or a bubbling bed of RAT (atmospheric residues) and / or RSV (vacuum residues) and / or deasphalted oils, or the charge can be a deasphalted oil, effluents d a Fisher-Tropsch unit or any mixture of the aforementioned fillers. The above list is not exhaustive.
En général, les charges ont un point d'ébullition T5 supérieur à 150°C (c'est-à-dire que 95 pourcent des composés présents dans la charge ont un point d'ébullition supérieur à 150°C). Dans le cas de diesel, le point T5 est généralement d'environ 150°C. Dans le cas de VGO, le T5 est généralement supérieur à 340°C, voire supérieur à 370°C. Les charges utilisables sont donc dans une large gamme de points d'ébullition. Cette gamme s'étend généralement du diesel au VGO, en passant par tous les mélanges possibles avec d'autres charges, par exemple le LCO.In general, the feeds have a T5 boiling point above 150 ° C (i.e. 95 percent of the compounds present in the feed have a boiling point above 150 ° C). In the case of diesel, the T5 point is generally about 150 ° C. In the case of VGO, the T5 is generally greater than 340 ° C., or even greater than 370 ° C. The usable fillers are therefore in a wide range of boiling points. This range generally extends from diesel to VGO, passing through all possible mixtures with other loads, for example the LCO.
La teneur en azote des charges traitées dans les procédés d'hydrocraquage est usuellement supérieure à 500 ppm poids, généralement comprise entre 500 et 10000 ppm poids, de manière plus générale comprise entre 700 et 4500 ppm poids et de manière encore plus générale comprise entre 800 et 4500 ppm poids.The nitrogen content of the feedstocks treated in the hydrocracking processes is usually greater than 500 ppm by weight, generally between 500 and 10,000 ppm by weight, more generally between 700 and 4500 ppm by weight and even more generally between 800 and 800 ppm by weight. and 4500 ppm weight.
La teneur en soufre des charges traitées dans les procédés d'hydrocraquage est usuellement comprise entre 0,01 et 5% poids, de manière générale comprise entre 0,2 et 4% poids et de manière encore plus générale entre 0,5 et 3% poids. La charge peut éventuellement contenir des métaux. La teneur cumulée en nickel et vanadium des charges traitées dans les procédés d'hydrocraquage est de préférence inférieure à 10 ppm poids, de manière préférée inférieure à 5 ppm poids et de manière encore plus préférée inférieure à 2 ppm poids.. La teneur en asphaltènes est généralement inférieure à 3000 ppm poids, de manière préférée inférieure à 1000 ppm poids, de manière encore plus préférée inférieure à 300 ppm poids.The sulfur content of the feedstocks treated in the hydrocracking processes is usually between 0.01 and 5% by weight, generally between 0.2 and 4% by weight and even more generally between 0.5 and 3%. weight. The charge may optionally contain metals. The cumulative nickel and vanadium content of the feeds treated in the hydrocracking processes is preferably less than 10 ppm by weight, preferably less than 5 ppm by weight and even more preferably less than 2 ppm by weight. The asphaltenes content is generally less than 3000 ppm by weight, preferably less than 1000 ppm by weight, more preferably less than 300 ppm by weight.
Dans le cas où la charge contient des composés de type résines et/ou asphaltènes, il est avantageux de faire passer au préalable la charge sur un lit de catalyseur ou d'adsorbant différent du catalyseur d'hydrocraquage ou d'hydrotraitement. Les catalyseurs ou lits de garde utilisés ont la forme de sphères ou d'extrudés. Toute autre forme peut être utilisée. Parmi les formes particulières possibles sans que cette liste soit limitative: les cylindres creux, les anneaux creux, les anneaux de Raschig, les cylindres creux dentelés, les cylindres creux crénelés, les roues de charrettes dites pentaring, les cylindres a multiples trous, etc.In the case where the feedstock contains resins and / or asphaltenes-type compounds, it is advantageous to first pass the feedstock over a bed of catalyst or adsorbent other than the hydrocracking or hydrotreatment catalyst. The catalysts or guard beds used are in the form of spheres or extrudates. Any other form can be used. Among the particular forms possible without this list being exhaustive: hollow cylinders, hollow rings, Raschig rings, serrated hollow cylinders, crenellated hollow cylinders, so-called pentaring carts, multi-hole cylinders, etc.
Ces catalyseurs peuvent avoir été imprégnés par une phase active ou non. De manière préférée, les catalyseurs sont imprégnés par une phase hydro-déshydrogénante. De manière très préférée, la phase CoMo ou NiMo est utilisée. Ces catalyseurs peuvent présenter de la macroporosité.These catalysts may have been impregnated with an active phase or not. Preferably, the catalysts are impregnated with a hydro-dehydrogenation phase. Very preferably, the CoMo or NiMo phase is used. These catalysts may have macroporosity.
Les conditions opératoires telles que température, pression, taux de recyclage d'hydrogène, vitesse spatiale horaire, pourront être très variables en fonction de la nature de la charge, de la qualité des produits désirés et des installations dont dispose le raffineur. Le catalyseur d'hydrocraquage/hydroconversion ou hydrotraitement est généralement mis en contact, en présence d'hydrogène, avec les charges décrites précédemment, à une température supérieure à 200 °C, souvent comprise entre 250 et 480°C, avantageusement comprise entre 320 et 450°C, de préférence entre 330 et 435°C, sous une pression supérieure à 1 MPa, souvent comprise entre 2 et 25 MPa, de manière préférée entre 3 et 20 MPa, la vitesse spatiale étant comprise entre 0,1 et 20h-1 et de préférence comprise entre 0,1 et 6h-1, de manière plus préférée comprise entre 0,2 et 3h-1, et la quantité d'hydrogène introduite est telle que le rapport volumique litre d'hydrogène / litre d'hydrocarbure soit compris entre 80 et 5000 NI/I et le plus souvent comprise entre 100 et 3000 NI/I.Operating conditions such as temperature, pressure, hydrogen recycling rate, hourly space velocity, may be very variable depending on the nature of the load, the quality of desired products and facilities available to the refiner. The hydrocracking / hydroconversion or hydrotreating catalyst is generally brought into contact, in the presence of hydrogen, with the charges described above, at a temperature above 200 ° C., often between 250 and 480 ° C., advantageously between 320 and 450 ° C, preferably between 330 and 435 ° C, under a pressure greater than 1 MPa, often between 2 and 25 MPa, preferably between 3 and 20 MPa, the space velocity being between 0.1 and 20h - 1 and preferably between 0.1 and 6 h -1, more preferably between 0.2 and 3 h -1 and the quantity of hydrogen introduced being such that the volume ratio of liters of hydrogen / liter of hydrocarbon is between 80 and 5000 NI / I and most often between 100 and 3000 NI / I.
Ces conditions opératoires utilisées dans les procédés d'hydrocraquage permettent généralement d'atteindre des conversions par passe, en produits convertis (i.e. à points d'ébullition inférieurs au point de coupe résidu) supérieures à 15 % et de manière encore plus préférée comprises entre 20 % et 95 %.These operating conditions used in the hydrocracking processes generally make it possible to achieve pass conversions, converted products (ie with boiling points lower than the residual cutting point) greater than 15% and even more preferably between 20%. % and 95%.
L'invention est utilisable pour tous les hydrocraqueurs, à savoir :
- hydrocraqueur maxi-naphta avec un point de coupe résidu généralement entre 150°C et 190°C, de préférence entre 160°C et 190°C, et le plus souvent de 170°C-180°C
- hydrocraqueur maxi-kérosène avec un point de coupe résidu généralement entre 240°C et 290°C, et le plus souvent de 260°C-280°C
- hydrocraqueur maxi diesel avec un point de coupe résidu généralement entre 340°C et 385°C, et le plus souvent de 360°C-380°C.
- maxi-naphtha hydrocracker with a cutting point residue generally between 150 ° C and 190 ° C, preferably between 160 ° C and 190 ° C, and most often 170 ° C-180 ° C
- maxi-kerosene hydrocracker with a cutting point residue generally between 240 ° C and 290 ° C, and most often 260 ° C-280 ° C
- hydrocracker maxi diesel with a cutting point residue generally between 340 ° C and 385 ° C, and most often 360 ° C-380 ° C.
Les procédés d'hydrocraquage/hydroconversion mettant en œuvre les catalyseurs selon l'invention couvrent les domaines de pression et de conversion allant de l'hydrocraquage doux à l'hydrocraquage haute pression.The hydrocracking / hydroconversion processes using the catalysts according to the invention cover the pressure and conversion ranges from mild hydrocracking to high pressure hydrocracking.
On entend par hydrocraquage doux, un hydrocraquage conduisant à des conversions modérées, généralement inférieures à 40 percent, et fonctionnant à basse pression, généralement entre 2 MPa et 9 MPa. Le catalyseur d'hydrocraquage peut être utilisé seul, en un seul ou plusieurs lits catalytiques en lit fixe, dans un ou plusieurs réacteurs, dans un schéma d'hydrocraquage dit en une étape, avec ou sans recyclage liquide de la fraction non convertie, éventuellement en association avec un catalyseur d'hydroraffinage situé en amont du catalyseur d'hydrocraquage.By mild hydrocracking is meant hydrocracking leading to moderate conversions, generally less than 40 percent, and operating at low pressure, generally between 2 MPa and 9 MPa. The hydrocracking catalyst can be used alone, in one or more fixed bed catalytic beds, in one or more reactors, in a so-called one-step hydrocracking scheme, with or without liquid recycling of the unconverted fraction, optionally in combination with a hydrorefining catalyst located upstream of the hydrocracking catalyst.
L'hydrocraquage peut être opéré à haute pression (au moins 10MPa).Hydrocracking can be operated at high pressure (at least 10 MPa).
L'hydrocraquage peut selon une première variante être opéré selon un schéma d'hydrocraquage dit en deux étapes avec séparation intermédiaire entre les deux zones réactionnelles, dans une étape donnée, le catalyseur d'hydrocraquage peut être utilisé dans l'un ou dans les deux réacteurs en association ou non avec un catalyseur d'hydroraffinage situé en amont du catalyseur d'hydrocraquage.According to a first variant, the hydrocracking can be carried out according to a so-called two-step hydrocracking scheme with intermediate separation between the two reaction zones, in a given step, the hydrocracking catalyst can be used in one or in both reactors in association or not with a hydrorefining catalyst located upstream of the hydrocracking catalyst.
L'hydrocraquage peut être opéré selon une deuxième variante, dite en une étape. Cette variante comprend généralement en premier lieu un hydroraffinage poussé qui a pour but de réaliser une hydrodéazotation et une hydrodésulfuration poussées de la charge avant que celle-ci ne soit envoyée sur le catalyseur d'hydrocraquage proprement dit, en particulier dans le cas où celui-ci comporte une zéolithe. Cet hydroraffinage poussé de la charge n'entraine qu'une conversion limitée de cette charge en fractions plus légères. La conversion, qui reste insuffisante, doit donc être complétée sur le catalyseur d'hydrocraquage plus actif.The hydrocracking can be operated according to a second variant, called in one step. This variant generally comprises in the first place a deep hydrorefining which aims to carry out extensive hydrodenitrogenation and hydrodesulfurization of the feed before it is sent to the hydrocracking catalyst itself, in particular in the case where this it comprises a zeolite. This extensive hydrorefining of the feed results in a limited conversion of this feed into lighter fractions. The conversion, which remains insufficient, must therefore be completed on the more active hydrocracking catalyst.
La section d'hydrocraquage peut contenir un ou plusieurs lits de catalyseurs identiques ou différents. Lorsque les produits préférés sont les distillats moyens, on utilise des solides basiques amorphes, par exemple de l'alumine ou des silices-alumines ou des zéolithes basiques, éventuellement additionnées d'au moins un métal hydrogénant du groupe VIII et de préférence également additionnées d'au moins un métal du groupe VIB. Ces zéolithes basiques sont composées de silice, d'alumine, et d'un ou plusieurs cations échangeables tels que du sodium, du magnésium, du calcium ou des terres rares.The hydrocracking section may contain one or more identical or different catalyst beds. When the preferred products are the middle distillates, amorphous basic solids, for example alumina or silica-aluminas, are used. or basic zeolites, optionally added with at least one Group VIII hydrogenating metal and preferably also containing at least one Group VIB metal. These basic zeolites are composed of silica, alumina, and one or more exchangeable cations such as sodium, magnesium, calcium or rare earths.
Lorsque l'essence est le produit majoritairement recherché, le catalyseur est généralement composé d'une zéolithe cristallisée sur laquelle on dépose de faibles quantités d'un métal du groupe VIII, et également de manière plus préférée d'un métal du groupe VIB.When gasoline is the predominantly desired product, the catalyst is generally composed of a crystallized zeolite on which small amounts of a Group VIII metal are deposited, and also more preferably of a Group VIB metal.
Les zéolithes utilisables sont naturelles ou synthétiques et peuvent être par exemple choisies parmi les zéolithes X, Y ou L, la faujasite, la mordénite, l'érionite ou la chabasite.The zeolites that can be used are natural or synthetic and may be chosen, for example, from X, Y or L zeolites, faujasite, mordenite, erionite or chabasite.
L'hydrocraquage peut être opéré dans un seul ou plusieurs réacteurs en lit bouillonnant, avec ou sans recyclage liquide de la fraction non convertie, éventuellement en association avec un catalyseur d'hydroraffinage situé dans un réacteur en lit fixe ou en lit bouillonnant en amont du catalyseur d'hydrocraquage. Le lit bouillonnant s'opère avec retrait de catalyseur usé et ajout journalier de catalyseur neuf afin de conserver une activité du catalyseur stable.The hydrocracking can be carried out in one or more bubbling-bed reactors, with or without liquid recycling of the unconverted fraction, optionally in combination with a hydrorefining catalyst located in a fixed-bed or bubbling-bed reactor upstream of the reactor. hydrocracking catalyst. The bubbling bed operates with removal of spent catalyst and daily addition of new catalyst to maintain stable catalyst activity.
Le séparateur (4) réalise la séparation du liquide et du gaz présents dans l'effluent sortant de l'unité d'hydrocraquage. Tout type de séparateur permettant cette séparation peut être utilisé, par exemple un ballon de flash, un stripper, voire une simple colonne à distiller.The separator (4) separates the liquid and the gas present in the effluent leaving the hydrocracking unit. Any type of separator allowing this separation can be used, for example a flash ball, a stripper, or even a simple distillation column.
La section de fractionnement est généralement constituée d'une ou plusieurs colonnes comprenant plusieurs plateaux et/ou garnissages internes qui peuvent être opérées de préférence à contrecourant. Ces colonnes sont habituellement strippées à la vapeur et comprennent un rebouilleur afin de faciliter la vaporisation. Elle permet de séparer l'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S) et les composant légers (méthane, éthane, propane, butane...) des effluents, ainsi que les coupes hydrocarbonées présentant des points d'ébullition dans le domaine des essences, du kérosène, du gasoil et une fraction lourde récupérée en fond de colonne dont tout ou partie peut être recyclée à la section d'hydrocraquage.The fractionation section is generally composed of one or more columns comprising a plurality of trays and / or internal packings which can preferably be operated counter-cyclically. These columns are usually stripped steamed and include a reboiler to facilitate vaporization. It makes it possible to separate the hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and the light components (methane, ethane, propane, butane, etc.) from the effluents, as well as the hydrocarbon cuts having boiling points in the field of gasolines, kerosene, a gasoil and a heavy fraction recovered at the bottom of the column, all or part of which can be recycled to the hydrocracking section.
Cet exemple est basé sur la configuration de la
Il est à noter que compte tenu de la configuration, les flux 15a, 16, 18 et 23 ont exactement les mêmes propriétés.It should be noted that, in view of the configuration, the
Le fractionnement du flux 11 dans la colonne 12 a été simulé par programmation via le logiciel PRO/II version 8.3.3, commercialisé par la société SimSci. Les propriétés physiques et analytiques des flux résultants ont été simulées et confrontées aux propriétés physiques et analytiques des échantillons réels.The splitting of the
Les conditions opératoires de la colonne utilisées pour la simulation sont reportées dans le tableau 2 ci-après.The operating conditions of the column used for the simulation are reported in Table 2 below.
A partir des propriétés du flux 11 d'entrée de la colonne de fractionnement (voir tableau 1), la simulation PRO/II a pu établir les propriétés du flux 15 de sortie de la colonne de fractionnement, notamment la répartition en HPNA a pu être modélisée.From the properties of the input stream of the fractionation column (see Table 1), the simulation PRO / II could establish the properties of the output stream of the fractionation column, in particular the distribution in HPNA could be modeled.
Sur la base de ces résultats, les configurations de l'invention ont été simulées. Les résultats sont exposés ci-après pour chaque configuration 2c ou 2d.
Le tableau 3 ci-dessous donne les caractéristiques des courants 11, 16 et 18 (identique à 20) dans la configuration 2c issu de la simulation PRO/II. Les conditions opératoires de la colonne utilisées pour la simulation sont reportées tableau 4 :
Par rapport à la configuration de la
D'autre part, la proportion de HPNA lourd réfractaire et empoisonnant (Naphto[8,2,1 abc]+coronène + Ovalène) par rapport à la quantité d'HPNA total dans le flux qui repart à la section réactionnelle est plus faible pour la configuration 2c (27,8%) que pour la configuration 1 (36,3 %). Ce qui indique que non seulement il y a moins d'HPNA total dans le flux qui retourne à la section réactionnelle via la ligne 18 mais en plus que la proportion d'HPNA lourd réfractaire et empoisonnant (Naphto [8,2,1 abc] coronène + Ovalène) est plus faible.On the other hand, the proportion of heavy refractory and poisonous HPNA (Naphto [8.2.1 abc] + coronene + Ovalene) relative to the amount of total HPNA in the flow that leaves to the reaction section is lower for
Le tableau 5 ci-dessous donne les caractéristiques des courants 11, 16 et 18 dans la configuration 2d issu de la simulation PRO/II. Les conditions opératoires de la colonne utilisées pour la simulation sont reportées tableau 6 :
Par rapport à la configuration de la
Conjointement la quantité d'HPNA est minimisée dans le courant qui repart à la section réactionnelle via la ligne (18) (644 ppm poids à comparer avec 902 ppm poids de la configuration 1) ce qui réduit la quantité d'HPNA de 28,6 %.At the same time, the amount of HPNA is minimized in the stream flowing back to the reaction section via line (18) (644 ppm by weight to be compared with 902 ppm by weight of configuration 1) which reduces the amount of HPNA by 28.6. %.
D'autre part, la proportion de HPNA lourd réfractaire et empoisonnant (Naphto[8,2,1 abc] coronène + Ovalène) par rapport à la quantité d'HPNA total dans le flux (18) qui repart à la section réactionnelle est plus faible pour la configuration 2d (20,7 %) que pour la configuration 1 (36,3 %). Ce qui indique que non seulement il y a moins d'HPNA total dans le flux qui retourne à la section réactionnelle via la ligne (18) mais en plus que la proportion d'HPNA lourd réfractaire et empoisonnant (Naphto[8,2,1 abc] coronène + Ovalène) est plus faible.On the other hand, the proportion of heavy refractory and poisonous HPNA (Naphto [8.2,1 abc] coronene + Ovalene) relative to the amount of total HPNA in the flow (18) that returns to the reaction section is higher. weak for
De plus, cette configuration permet également de minimiser la quantité de diesel qui est renvoyée à la section réactionnelle via la ligne 18 puisque la quantité de diesel renvoyé à la section réactionnelle est seulement de 6,8 % poids à comparer avec 10,9 % poids dans la configuration 1.In addition, this configuration also makes it possible to minimize the amount of diesel that is returned to the reaction section via
Claims (13)
- A process for hydrocracking an oil feed comprising at least 10% by volume of compounds boiling above 340°C, comprising a hydrocracking step, optionally followed by a separation of the gases from the hydrocracked effluent, then a step for fractionation of said effluent, which separates at least one distillate and a residue, , said fractionation step comprising a distillation in a column provided with plates, in which column:• said at least partially vaporized effluent is supplied to the column over at least one supply plate,• said distillate is withdrawn from the level of a withdrawal plate,• said residue is evacuated at an evacuation point,• and, a stripping gas is injected at an injection point located below the supply plate,
in which process• a portion of the stream present at the level of at least one plate (I) which is the supply plate or a plate located, between the supply plate and said stripping gas injection point is withdrawn from the column,• all or a portion of said withdrawn stream is recycled to the hydrocracking step,• and the residue is purged in its entirety,in which a portion of the stream present at the level of at least one plate (II) located between the supply plate and the withdrawal plate for the heaviest distillate is withdrawn from the column, said at least one plate (II) being located above said supply plate ,
in which all or a portion, preferably all, of said stream withdrawn from said plate (II) is stripped in an external stripping step by a stripping gas, and all or a portion, preferably all, of the separated gaseous effluent is recycled to the column above the plate from which said stream has been withdrawn, and all or a portion, preferably all, of the separated liquid effluent is recycled to the hydrocracking step. - The process as claimed in one of the preceding claims, in which said stream is withdrawn at the level of the supply plate or of a plate located below the supply plate and close to said supply plate, preferably at the level of the plate which is closest to the supply plate, is withdrawn from the column.
- The process as claimed in one of the preceding claims, in which said withdrawn stream is recycled to the hydrocracking step directly or after optionally separating the gases, and preferably directly.
- The process as claimed in one of the preceding claims, in which the stream withdrawn from the level of the plate (I) or the plate (II) has a concentration of HPNA of less than 500 ppm by weight, preferably less than 350 ppm by weight.
- The process as claimed in one of the preceding claims, in which the stream withdrawn from the level of the plate (I) or the plate (II) has a proportion of at least 70% by weight of unconverted hydrocarbons, preferably at least 80% by weight of unconverted hydrocarbons.
- The process as claimed in any preceding claims, in which all or a portion, preferably all, of said withdrawn stream is stripped in an external stripping step using a stripping gas, and all or a portion, preferably all, of the separated gaseous effluent is recycled to the column at the level of the plate closest to the plate from which said stream has been withdrawn.
- The process as claimed in any preceding claims, in which the stripping gas injected into the external stripping step is steam, preferably at a pressure in the range 0.2 to 1.5 MPa.
- The process as claimed in one of the preceding claims, in which a stripping gas is injected into the fractionation step, the gas preferably being steam, preferably at a pressure in the range 0.2 to 1.5 MPa.
- A facility comprising:• a hydrocracking section (2) provided with an inlet line (1) for the feed and an inlet line (8) for hydrogen,• optionally followed by a zone (4) for separating effluent in order to separate a gaseous fraction,• followed by a fractionation section (12) comprising at least one distillation column provided with plates, said column comprising:∘ at least one line (11) for the inflow of at least partially vaporized hydrocracked effluent onto at least one supply plate,∘ at least one line (14) for withdrawing at least one distillate from the level of a withdrawal plate,∘ at least one line (16) for evacuating as a purge the entirety of the residue,• and comprising at least one line (19) for injecting a stripping gas, the injection point being located below the supply plate,the facility further comprising:• at least one line (20) for withdrawing a portion of the stream present at the level of at least one plate (I) which is the supply plate or a plate between the supply plate and said stripping gas injection point,• at least one line (18) for recycling all or a portion of said withdrawn stream, preferably all, to the hydrocracking step,• at least one line (21) for withdrawing a portion of the stream present at the level of at least one plate (II) located between the supply plate and the plate for withdrawing the heaviest distillate fraction, said at least one plate (II) being located above the supply plate,• a stripper (25) external to the column, provided with an inlet line (21) for said withdrawn stream, a stripping gas injection line (26), an outlet line (22) for the gaseous fraction, an outlet line (23) for the liquid fraction,• a line (22) for recycling all or a portion, preferably all, of said gaseous fraction to said column, the line (22) discharging into the column above the plate from which said stream has been withdrawn,• a line (23) for recycling all or a portion, preferably all, of said liquid fraction to the hydrocracking step.
- The facility as claimed in claim 9, comprising at least one line (18) for recycling said withdrawn stream in its entirety directly to the hydrocracking step.
- The facility as claimed in claim 9 or claim 10, which does not comprise a line for recycling the liquid fraction separated in the stripping step to the fractionation column.
- The facility as claimed in one of claims 9 to 11, which does not comprise a line for recycling residue to the column.
- The facility as claimed in one of claims 9 to 12, comprises a line (22) discharging into the column above the plate (II) from which said stream has been withdrawn, at the level of the plate closest.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1463094A FR3030564B1 (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2014-12-22 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING HEAVY POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS IN HYDROCRACKING UNITS |
PCT/EP2015/080222 WO2016102302A1 (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2015-12-17 | Method and device for reducing heavy polycyclic aromatic compounds in hydrocracking units |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3237578A1 EP3237578A1 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
EP3237578B1 true EP3237578B1 (en) | 2019-11-20 |
Family
ID=52692855
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15817223.9A Not-in-force EP3237578B1 (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2015-12-17 | Process and apparatus for the reduction of heavy polycyclic aromatic compounds in hydrocracking units |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10533142B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3237578B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20170099989A (en) |
CN (1) | CN107429169B (en) |
AR (1) | AR103261A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112017011864A2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3237578T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3030564B1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2017007916A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016102302A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3030564B1 (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2018-08-10 | Axens | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING HEAVY POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS IN HYDROCRACKING UNITS |
IT201600109063A1 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-04-28 | Eni Spa | Apparatus and procedure for the hydroconversion of heavy petroleum products |
FR3083797B1 (en) | 2018-07-16 | 2020-07-17 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | TWO-STEP HYDROCRACKING PROCESS USING A PARTITIONED DISTILLATION COLUMN |
FR3091538B1 (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2021-01-08 | Ifp Energies Now | TWO-STAGE HYDROCRACKING PROCESS INCLUDING A HYDROGENATION STAGE BEFORE THE SECOND HYDROCRACKING STAGE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MEDIUM DISTILLATES |
FR3091537A1 (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2020-07-10 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | ONE-STEP HYDROCRACKING PROCESS COMPRISING A HYDROGENATION STEP UPSTREAM OR DOWNSTREAM OF THE HYDROCRACKING STEP FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MEDIUM DISTILLATES |
FR3091536A1 (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2020-07-10 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | ONE-STEP HYDROCRACKING PROCESS COMPRISING A HYDROGENATION STEP UPSTREAM OR DOWNSTREAM OF THE HYDROCRACKING STEP FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NAPHTA |
FR3091534B1 (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2021-01-08 | Ifp Energies Now | TWO-STAGE HYDROCRACKING PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NAPHTHA INCLUDING A HYDROGENATION STAGE IMPLEMENTED DOWNSTREAM OF THE SECOND HYDROCRACKING STAGE |
FR3091533B1 (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2021-01-08 | Ifp Energies Now | TWO-STAGE HYDROCRACKING PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NAPHTHA INCLUDING A HYDROGENATION STAGE IMPLEMENTED UPSTREAM OF THE SECOND HYDROCRACKING STAGE |
FR3091535B1 (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2021-01-08 | Ifp Energies Now | TWO-STAGE HYDROCRACKING PROCESS INCLUDING A HYDROGENATION STAGE DOWNSTREAM OF THE SECOND HYDROCRACKING STAGE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MEDIUM DISTILLATES |
US11286412B2 (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2022-03-29 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Water-based drilling fluid compositions and methods for drilling subterranean wells |
US11142704B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2021-10-12 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Methods and systems of steam stripping a hydrocracking feedstock |
US11760919B2 (en) | 2020-07-07 | 2023-09-19 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Foams for hydrocarbon recovery, wells including such, and methods for use of such |
US11840908B2 (en) | 2020-10-01 | 2023-12-12 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Acidizing fluid and method of improving hydrocarbon recovery using the same utilizing a surfactant consisting of an oil mixture |
US11359134B2 (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2022-06-14 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Treatment fluids and methods for recovering hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation |
US11549065B2 (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2023-01-10 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Adsorption systems and processes for recovering PNA and HPNA compounds from petroleum based materials and regenerating adsorbents |
US11326112B1 (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2022-05-10 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated hydrocracking/adsorption and aromatic recovery complex to utilize the aromatic bottoms stream |
FR3127228A1 (en) | 2021-09-21 | 2023-03-24 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | HYDROCRACKING PROCESS |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2853433A (en) * | 1952-07-16 | 1958-09-23 | Hydrocarbon Research Inc | Heavy oil conversion to gasoline |
US2958652A (en) * | 1958-01-16 | 1960-11-01 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Hydrocracking of shale oils with a platinum-on-eta-alumina catalyst composite |
US3166489A (en) * | 1961-09-21 | 1965-01-19 | California Research Corp | Hydrocracking process |
US4040944A (en) * | 1968-04-11 | 1977-08-09 | Union Oil Company Of California | Manufacture of catalytic cracking charge stocks by hydrocracking |
US3494861A (en) * | 1968-06-07 | 1970-02-10 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Rectification with condensed overhead used as reflux and stripping gas |
BE793384A (en) * | 1971-12-27 | 1973-06-27 | Texaco Development Corp | HYDROCRACKING PROCESS FOR THE CONVERSION OF HEAVY HYDROCARBONS IN GASOLINE WITH LOW SULFUR CONTENT |
US4162963A (en) * | 1978-07-21 | 1979-07-31 | Continental Oil Company | Method for producing hydrocarbon fuels and fuel gas from heavy polynuclear hydrocarbons by the use of molten metal halide catalysts |
EP0143862A1 (en) * | 1983-11-04 | 1985-06-12 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Process for converting petroleum residuals |
US4961839A (en) | 1988-05-23 | 1990-10-09 | Uop | High conversion hydrocracking process |
US5447621A (en) * | 1994-01-27 | 1995-09-05 | The M. W. Kellogg Company | Integrated process for upgrading middle distillate production |
FR2826972B1 (en) | 2001-07-06 | 2007-03-23 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MEDIUM DISTILLATES BY HYDROISOMERIZATION AND HYDROCRACKING OF A HEAVY FRACTION RESULTING FROM AN EFFLUENT PRODUCED BY THE FISCHER-TROPSCH PROCESS |
FR2883005B1 (en) | 2005-03-09 | 2007-04-20 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | HYDROCRACKING PROCESS WITH RECYCLING COMPRISING THE ADSORPTION OF POLYAROMATIC COMPOUNDS OF MACROPORATED LIMITED-SILAGE ALUMINA-ADSORBENT RECYCLED FRACTION |
US20090065401A1 (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2009-03-12 | Petri John A | Atmospheric fractionation for hydrocracking process |
US8231775B2 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2012-07-31 | Uop Llc | Pitch composition |
WO2012052042A1 (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2012-04-26 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Process for hydrocracking a hydrocarbon feedstock |
CN103261374B (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2015-03-25 | 赫多特普索化工设备公司 | Process for hydrocracking a hydrocarbon feedstock |
FR3030564B1 (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2018-08-10 | Axens | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING HEAVY POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS IN HYDROCRACKING UNITS |
-
2014
- 2014-12-22 FR FR1463094A patent/FR3030564B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-12-17 WO PCT/EP2015/080222 patent/WO2016102302A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-12-17 MX MX2017007916A patent/MX2017007916A/en unknown
- 2015-12-17 CN CN201580070237.XA patent/CN107429169B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-12-17 EP EP15817223.9A patent/EP3237578B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2015-12-17 DK DK15817223.9T patent/DK3237578T3/en active
- 2015-12-17 US US15/538,967 patent/US10533142B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-12-17 KR KR1020177020590A patent/KR20170099989A/en unknown
- 2015-12-17 BR BR112017011864-5A patent/BR112017011864A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2015-12-22 AR ARP150104272A patent/AR103261A1/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2016102302A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
US10533142B2 (en) | 2020-01-14 |
US20170349844A1 (en) | 2017-12-07 |
DK3237578T3 (en) | 2020-02-24 |
CN107429169A (en) | 2017-12-01 |
FR3030564A1 (en) | 2016-06-24 |
MX2017007916A (en) | 2017-09-05 |
KR20170099989A (en) | 2017-09-01 |
FR3030564B1 (en) | 2018-08-10 |
EP3237578A1 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
CN107429169B (en) | 2020-09-15 |
BR112017011864A2 (en) | 2018-01-02 |
AR103261A1 (en) | 2017-04-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3237578B1 (en) | Process and apparatus for the reduction of heavy polycyclic aromatic compounds in hydrocracking units | |
EP3415588B1 (en) | Two-stage hydrocracking integrated process and hydroprocessing process | |
EP3260520B1 (en) | Improved method for deep hydroconversion by extracting aromatics and resins with recovery of the hydroconversion extract and the raffinate in the downstream units | |
EP3339400B1 (en) | Method and device for hydrocracking with reduction of the aromatic polynuclear compounds | |
FR3014110A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR CONVERTING A HEAVY HYDROCARBON LOAD INTEGRATING SELECTIVE CASCADE DESASPHALTATION WITH RECYCLING OF A DESASPHALTEE CUT | |
FR2964388A1 (en) | METHOD FOR CONVERTING RESIDUE INTEGRATING A DISASPHALTAGE STEP AND A HYDROCONVERSION STEP WITH RECYCLING OF DESASPHALTEE OIL | |
FR3067037A1 (en) | CONVERSION PROCESS COMPRISING FIXED BED HYDROTREATMENT, VACUUM DISTILLATE SEPARATION, VACUUM DISTILLATE HYDROCRACKING STEP | |
FR3067036A1 (en) | CONVERSION PROCESS COMPRISING A FIXED BED HYDROTREATMENT, A VACUUM DISTILLATE SEPARATION, A VACUUM DISTILLATE HYDROTREATMENT STEP | |
WO2014096591A1 (en) | Method for converting a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock incorporating selective deasphalting with recycling of the deasphalted oil | |
EP3074485A1 (en) | Method for hydrotreating diesel fuel in reactors in series, comprising hydrogen recirculation | |
EP3237577B1 (en) | Process and apparatus for reducing heavy polycyclic aromatic compounds in hydrocracking units | |
WO2019134811A1 (en) | Two-step hydrocracking process comprising at least one high-pressure hot separation step | |
EP0851020A1 (en) | Process and apparatus for hydrotreatment of hydrocarbon feeds | |
EP3999613A1 (en) | Process for the preparation of olefins, comprising hydrotreatment, de-asphalting, hydrocracking and steam cracking | |
EP3237576B1 (en) | Process and apparatus for reducing heavy polycyclic aromatic compounds in hydrocracking units | |
FR3076297A1 (en) | INTEGRATED HYDROCRACKING PROCESS TWO STEPS TO MAXIMIZE NAPHTHA PRODUCTION | |
EP4105300A1 (en) | Hydrocracking method | |
EP3824049B1 (en) | Two-step hydrocracking method using a partitioned distillation column | |
WO2020144097A1 (en) | Two-stage hydrocracking process comprising a hydrogenation stage downstream of the second hydrocracking stage, for the production of middle distillates | |
FR3083243A1 (en) | INTEGRATED TWO-STEP HYDROCRACKING PROCESS AND A REVERSE HYDROGEN CIRCULATION HYDROTREATING PROCESS | |
FR3084372A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF A HEAVY HYDROCARBON LOAD COMPRISING HYDROTREATMENT IN A FIXED BED, TWO DEASPHALTAGES AND A HYDROCRACKING IN A BOTTLE OF ASPHALT | |
FR3084371A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF A HEAVY HYDROCARBON LOAD COMPRISING HYDROTREATMENT IN A FIXED BED, A DEASPHALTING AND A HYDROCRACKING IN A BOILING ASPHALT BED | |
CA2937194A1 (en) | Optimized use of hydrogen for the hydrotreatment of hydrocarbonated loads | |
WO2023241930A1 (en) | Hydrocracking process with optimized management of the recycling for the production of naphtha | |
WO2020249498A1 (en) | Process for the production of olefins, comprising hydrotreatment, deasphalting, hydrocracking and steam cracking |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20170724 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20180425 |
|
GRAJ | Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20190628 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602015042207 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1204193 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20191215 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20191223 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: T3 Effective date: 20200217 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Payment date: 20191223 Year of fee payment: 5 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20191223 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: FP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20200220 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20200221 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20200220 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20200227 Year of fee payment: 5 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20191226 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20200320 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20200412 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 1204193 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20191120 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602015042207 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20191231 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20200821 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20191217 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20191217 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20191231 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20191231 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20191231 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 602015042207 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: EBP Effective date: 20201231 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20151217 Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20210101 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20201217 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20210101 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20201231 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20210701 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20201217 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20201231 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191120 |