EP3232276B1 - Komponente eines uhrwerks - Google Patents

Komponente eines uhrwerks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3232276B1
EP3232276B1 EP17164654.0A EP17164654A EP3232276B1 EP 3232276 B1 EP3232276 B1 EP 3232276B1 EP 17164654 A EP17164654 A EP 17164654A EP 3232276 B1 EP3232276 B1 EP 3232276B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ceramic
movement component
glass
timepiece movement
vitro
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17164654.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3232276A1 (de
Inventor
Nicolas Yoakim
Gregory Bruttin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Richemont International SA
Original Assignee
Richemont International SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Richemont International SA filed Critical Richemont International SA
Publication of EP3232276A1 publication Critical patent/EP3232276A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3232276B1 publication Critical patent/EP3232276B1/de
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B29/00—Frameworks
    • G04B29/02—Plates; Bridges; Cocks
    • G04B29/027—Materials and manufacturing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/28—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of unbalance of the weights, e.g. tourbillon
    • G04B17/285—Tourbillons or carrousels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B21/00—Indicating the time by acoustic means
    • G04B21/02—Regular striking mechanisms giving the full hour, half hour or quarter hour
    • G04B21/06—Details of striking mechanisms, e.g. hammer, fan governor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B23/00—Arrangements producing acoustic signals at preselected times
    • G04B23/02—Alarm clocks
    • G04B23/06—Alarm clocks adjustable for several preselected times with automatic stopping of the signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B5/00—Automatic winding up
    • G04B5/02—Automatic winding up by self-winding caused by the movement of the watch
    • G04B5/16—Construction of the weights

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a component of a watch movement.
  • watch movement components are made from metal alloys which often present disadvantages, in particular internal stresses following shaping operations, a tendency to oxidation, a limited hardness for certain alloys which must be compensated for by treatments subsequent to the machining steps, a certain sensitivity to wear, tribological characteristics requiring the use of lubricants, a high density resulting in significant inertias of the moving parts, and in certain cases, a sensitivity to magnetic fields which can disrupt the operation of a watch movement.
  • components in non-metallic materials comprising in particular ceramics, silicon, or certain glasses.
  • DRIE etching deep etching
  • a clean room etching
  • the components made from this family of materials exhibit a certain fragility and are brittle. Their assembly with other components also require special measures. In fact, conventional assemblies such as driving in or screwing are difficult to apply to components made from such materials.
  • glasses have seen their use spread following the development of hybrid production technologies, often involving the exposure of the material to a light wavelength and the etching of this irradiated area in an appropriate environment. Mention may be made of the case of photostructurable glasses, most often sensitive to UV, or more standard glasses such as “fused silicate” (or quartz glass) or borosilicate, in the case of etching by exposure to a femtosecond laser. Exposure and chemical attack times, the equipment required and the geometries achievable to date greatly limit the use of such technologies.
  • timepiece components having rotational symmetry such as for example a balance, made of glass ceramic.
  • the aim of the invention is to alleviate, at least in part, these drawbacks and to produce a component of a watch movement obtained by conventional machining techniques and exhibiting advantageous mechanical properties.
  • Non-metallic materials such as ceramics, silicon or glass
  • these materials are difficult to decorate and require complicated treatments for this.
  • the watch component in certain applications, for example in the case of oscillating masses, the watch component must have sufficient inertia and therefore be made of a dense material.
  • Non-metallic materials are not suitable for these applications. They are also not suitable for making assemblies.
  • Another aim of the present invention is therefore to remedy these problems.
  • the subject of the invention is a horological movement component according to claim 1.
  • the watch movement component according to the invention comprises a glass-ceramic, said glass-ceramic comprising a crystalline phase representing at least 50% by volume of said glass-ceramic, the remainder of the glass-ceramic being a glassy matrix, said crystalline phase being at least 50% mica type.
  • glass-ceramic with a mica structure is used to denote such a glass-ceramic.
  • At least one cavity is at least partly hollowed out in the glass ceramic and is at least partly filled with a second material.
  • the watch component resulting from the invention can for example combine the advantageous effects of the glass-ceramic defined above and of a metal alloy, such as for example the density of the metal alloy and the hardness of the glass-ceramic material.
  • the watch movement component according to the invention is typically obtained by at least one mechanical machining step by removing material from a substrate of said glass ceramic.
  • at least 50% of these machining steps are mechanical machining steps by removing material, chosen for example from the following conventional mechanical machining techniques: turning, milling, polishing, satin finishing, mechanical engraving, drilling or cutting.
  • Said glass-ceramic preferably has a density of less than 3 g / cm 3 .
  • a watch movement component comprising such a glass ceramic comprises at least two zones with different reflectances. These reflectance differences can be obtained under the effect of targeted exposure to a laser beam.
  • the glass-ceramic of the watch movement component according to the invention comprises metal ions from one of the elements of the group of rare earths, such as for example europium or erbium ions, from one of the elements of the group of metals. transition, for example yttrium ions or one of the elements from the group of poor metals, for example bismuth ions.
  • a watch movement component comprising such a glass ceramic comprises at least two zones with luminescence. different. These differences in luminescence can be obtained under the effect of targeted exposure to a laser beam.
  • the at least one cavity can be blind or through.
  • Said second material is typically a metal-based material
  • the second material may be a paint, a lacquer, a material exhibiting a photoluminescence greater than that of glass-ceramic and / or any other material making it possible to provide optical contrast with said glass-ceramic.
  • Said second material may completely fill said at least one cavity or constitute a coating.
  • a coating in a third material can at least partially cover the glass ceramic.
  • Said third material is typically chosen from a paint, a lacquer, a material exhibiting a photoluminescence greater than that of said glass-ceramic, a metal-based material and / or any other material making it possible to ensure optical contrast with said glass-ceramic.
  • the metal-based material constituting the second and / or the third material has a density greater than the density of the glass-ceramic, it is chosen from the family of precious metals and / or from the family of transition metals, and / or comprises at least least one element selected from a nitride, an oxide and / or a carbide of a metallic element.
  • Said second and third materials may be the same or different.
  • the watch movement component according to the invention is a striking hammer, an oscillating weight rotor, a cam, in particular a reset core, or a flip-flop.
  • Components not included in the invention can be the blank of a movement, for example a plate, a bridge or an element of a tourbillon cage, a display member or a mobile in particular comprising at least one toothed sector. , for example a toothed wheel, a pivot or an escapement member.
  • Said watch movement component is optionally perforated.
  • the openwork part is typically a skeleton type structure.
  • the watch movement components according to the invention partly offer the properties of the non-metallic materials mentioned above while overcoming the production difficulties of the latter. They have in particular advantages of material stability, in particular the absence of internal stresses known in metals, a density close to that of glass, a hardness greater than that of certain metals, resistance to wear and tribological properties. higher.
  • the watch movement components according to the invention also benefit from the properties of said second and third materials other than glass-ceramic which go into their composition. They are weighed down by combination with denser materials than glass ceramic. Also, they can locally modify their optical properties by combination with certain materials.
  • a watch movement component 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 according to the invention comprises a glass-ceramic comprising a crystalline phase representing at least 50% by volume of said glass-ceramic, the remainder of the glass-ceramic being a glassy matrix, said crystalline phase being at least 50% mica type.
  • the crystalline phases of the mica type are at least partly in the form of lamellae. These favor the machinability of glass-ceramic with a mica structure.
  • Said glass-ceramic contains silicon dioxide and other elements, partly oxides, a non-limiting composition of the material further comprising the following elements: MgO, Al 2 O 3 , K 2 O, B 2 O 3 and F. Those they may be completed, partially or completely replaced by other elements, chosen in particular from magnesium fluoride, strontium oxide, oxides of iron, chromium or other metallic elements. Certain elements such as copper or gold can advantageously modify the colors of the glass ceramic.
  • glass-ceramics with a mica structure do not require a sintering or firing step during their shaping in order to obtain the watch component according to the invention, and have the advantage of being able to be machined without specific tools.
  • a watch movement component according to the invention is produced by machining a glass-ceramic substrate with a mica structure. It is typically obtained by at least one mechanical machining step, by removing material. Preferably, at least 50% of the component machining steps are mechanical machining steps by removing material chosen for example from the following conventional mechanical machining techniques: turning, milling, polishing, satin finishing, mechanical engraving, drilling or cutting.
  • spark erosion it is possible to apply a spark machining process (eg ⁇ -EDM) to a non-conductive ceramic.
  • a glass-ceramic with a mica structure as defined above typically has a density of less than 3 g / cm 3 , which makes its use advantageous for making mobile elements, the inertia of the components then being greatly reduced. These properties are also particularly advantageous for mobiles, subjected to low torques or to high accelerations, or for display discs.
  • the horological movement component according to the invention is typically chosen from all the elements constituting a blank of a movement, for example a plate 20, a bridge or an element of a tourbillon cage. It can also be a striking hammer 40, an oscillating weight rotor 50, a display member 30, a cam, in particular a reset heart, a rocker, of a mobile in particular comprising at least one toothed sector, for example a toothed wheel 10, of a pivot or of an escapement member.
  • the watch movement component according to the invention can undergo various treatments and take various forms.
  • the perforated parts can typically constitute the indications of a display component 30 with a skeleton-like effect 31, as illustrated in the illustrations. figures 3a and 3g .
  • An advantage of using a glass-ceramic with a mica structure over the metals traditionally used in watch movement components, comes from the absence or reduction of internal stresses after machining, which makes it possible, in particular in the case of heavily perforated parts such as bridges or so-called skeleton blanks (plate 20), to guarantee high geometries and tolerances during assembly, overcoming warping or other problems encountered in thin metal structures.
  • the glass-ceramic with a mica structure used comprises certain compounds such as, for example, metal oxides, such as zirconium oxide and / or aluminum oxide
  • its reflectance is liable to be modified, in particular under the effect of laser exposure or irradiation to pulses of specific frequency, duration and wavelength.
  • it is possible to change the shade of the material most often in tones ranging from white to black, passing through intermediate grays, in a selective and localized manner. This can for example be used to write indications 32 on a display component 30 as shown in figures 3a and 3c .
  • the glass-ceramic with a mica structure of the watch movement component can comprise metal ions from one of the elements of the rare earth group, such as for example europium or erbium ions, of one of the elements of the group of transition metals, for example yttrium ions or one of the elements from the poor metal group, for example bismuth ions.
  • Such ions can be introduced into the glass ceramic by any suitable technique, in particular by doping or ion implantation.
  • the glass-ceramic with a mica structure of the watch movement component comprises such ions, the luminescence of said glass-ceramic with a mica structure is liable to be modified, in particular under the effect of irradiation by laser at pulses of frequency, of duration. and specific wavelengths. Such irradiation makes it possible to obtain luminescence by excitation of photons and thus to modify the luminescence properties of the exposed zone. This can for example be used to write indications 32 on a display component 30 as shown in figures 3a and 3c .
  • the watch movement component according to the invention advantageously comprises at least one cavity 33, 43, 53, blind or through, hollowed out at least in part in the glass ceramic.
  • a cavity 33, 43, 53 may in particular take the form of indications hollowed out in the glass-ceramic of a display component 30 as shown in figures 3a and 3d to 3f or any geometric shape in a striking hammer 40 or in an oscillating weight rotor 50.
  • This cavity 33, 43, 53 is advantageously filled, at least in part, with a second material 34, 44, 54.
  • This second material may be a paint, a lacquer, a material having a photoluminescence greater than that of said glass-ceramic, a metal-based material and / or any other material making it possible to provide optical contrast with said glass-ceramic.
  • hybrid components the structure of which is made of glass-ceramic with a mica structure, therefore rigid and of a controllable hardness, comprising at least one cavity 43, 53 filled with a metal of typically higher density than that of glass-ceramic with a mica structure, such as for example a precious metal, to increase its inertia.
  • One possibility concerning the filling of a cavity 33, 43, 53 consists in first producing a metallic coating 46, 56, partial or complete, of at least one surface of said cavity and then filling it by a technique of growth of a metal layer with a material 44, 54 identical to or different from that constituting said metal coating.
  • figures 4a and 4b illustrate a striking hammer 40 machined in a glass-ceramic substrate with mica structure and metallized with a metallic material 46, said material 46 having typically been deposited in a cavity 43 hollowed out in the glass-ceramic with mica structure constituting, at least in part, said hammer ring 40.
  • the cavity 43 metallized with a material 46 metal was then filled by a technique of growing a metal layer 44 from the coating made initially, in the same material or in another metal material as that used for metallization.
  • Such a striking hammer 40 which is caused to shock a resonance body, has favorable hardness, wear and inertia properties, or even interesting acoustic properties, depending on the thickness of its glass-ceramic wall with mica structure. , due to the crystalline timbre of this material.
  • the figures 5a and 5b illustrate for their part an oscillating weight rotor 50 machined in a glass ceramic with a mica structure, said glass ceramic having been hollowed out to form a cavity 53, said cavity being filled with a material 54, typically with a metal more dense than the glass ceramic with mica structure used, for example with gold, in order to weigh it down.
  • the filling of the cavity 53 is typically carried out by a technique of growing a metal layer 54 from the coating 56 made initially in a material different or identical to the material of the metal layer 54.
  • a surface coating can be produced on at least part of the glass-ceramic surface with mica structure of the watch movement component according to the invention, for example to represent indications 32 on a display component, as illustrated in FIG. figure 3b .
  • timepiece component according to the invention comprises at least one cavity 33, 43, 53
  • a surface coating can also be produced, at least in part, inside said at least one cavity 33, 43, 53.
  • Such a surface coating may consist of a metallization of part of the glass-ceramic surface of the watch movement component according to the invention.
  • Said metallization can be carried out by various known methods, for example, but without being limiting, by PVD or CVD. It can be used to promote the bonding of a glass-ceramic surface with a mica structure of the watch movement component to another metallic or metallized element of the watch movement component or of the movement, by welding, brazing, pressing or by any other method performing the same function of connection between two metallic or metallized elements.
  • the material of the surface coating is typically chosen from materials comprising at least one metallic element, said metallic element having a density greater than the density of glass-ceramic and / or being chosen from the family of precious metals.
  • a surface coating with a metal or a metalloid can typically be completed by a step leading to an oxide, a nitride and / or a carbide of this element. This can be of interest, for example, to reinforce a surface of the component subjected to high friction and / or wear stresses, where the sliding must be maximized or else a surface having to cooperate with another surface without liquid lubrication or with conditions special lubrication.
  • Such components may include pivots, cogs, exhaust components or any other component subject to such actions.
  • a pivot can be produced in a monolithic manner in the glass-ceramic with a mica structure with the mobile unit which contains it, the surface of the pivot being subjected to the forces then being able to be subjected to this process reinforcing its tribological properties.
  • the watch movement components according to the invention are advantageously subjected to finishing or decoration treatments including in particular steps such as bevelling or engraving.
  • the watch movement components according to the invention exhibit numerous advantages. They are in particular easily achievable, mainly by mechanical machining in a glass-ceramic with a mica structure, without requiring sintering or firing operations to obtain the watch component and without anisotropic shrinkage of matter. They have a relatively low density making it possible to reduce their inertia with respect to metallic watch movement components. It is also possible, depending on the composition of the glass-ceramic with mica structure used, to locally modify, under the effect of a laser for example, the luminescence and / or the reflectance of the glass-ceramic with mica structure, typically to reveal indications or patterns on its surface.
  • the watch movement components according to the invention can also be perforated, for example in the form of structures of the skeleton type, while ensuring high geometries and tolerances during assembly, overcoming warping or other problems encountered in thin structures.
  • metallic In addition, they can be coated with a layer of a second material, typically metallic or photoluminescent for purposes such as improving tribological properties or assembly with other components or for decorative purposes.

Claims (11)

  1. Komponente eines Uhrwerks, die aus einem Schlagwerkhammer (40), einem Schwungmasserotor (50), einer Kurvenscheibe, einem Nullstellungsherz und einer Wippe ausgewählt ist, wobei die Komponente eine Glaskeramik umfasst, die eine kristalline Phase umfasst, die mindestens 50 Vol.-% der Glaskeramik darstellt, wobei der Rest der Glaskeramik eine Glasmatrix ist, wobei die kristalline Phase mindestens zu 50 % vom Typ Glimmer ist, wobei die Komponente mindestens einen Hohlraum (43, 53), der zumindest teilweise in der Glaskeramik ausgehöhlt ist, und mindestens ein zweites Material (44, 54) umfasst, das den Hohlraum zumindest teilweise füllt, wobei das zweite Material (44, 54) ein Material auf Metallbasis ist, das eine Dichte aufweist, die größer als diejenige der Glaskeramik ist.
  2. Komponente eines Uhrwerks nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Glaskeramik eine Dichte von unter 3 g/cm3 aufweist.
  3. Komponente eines Uhrwerks nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Material ferner das Sicherstellen eines optischen Kontrasts mit der Glaskeramik ermöglicht.
  4. Komponente eines Uhrwerks nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Material aus der Familie der Edelmetalle und/oder aus der Familie der Übergangsmetalle ausgewählt ist und/oder mindestens ein Element umfasst, das aus einem Nitrid, einem Oxid und/oder einem Karbid eines Metallelements ausgewählt ist.
  5. Komponente eines Uhrwerks nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Material eine Beschichtung bildet.
  6. Komponente eines Uhrwerks nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Material den Hohlraum (43, 53) vollständig füllt.
  7. Komponente eines Uhrwerks nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie durchbrochen ist.
  8. Komponente eines Uhrwerks, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine erste Komponente nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 umfasst, die mit mindestens einem zweiten Element zusammengebaut ist, das aus einem anderen Material hergestellt ist.
  9. Uhr, die eine Komponente eines Uhrwerks nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche umfasst.
  10. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Komponente eines Uhrwerks nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mindestens einen Schritt zur mechanischen Bearbeitung durch Entfernung von Material von einem Substrat der Glaskeramik umfasst.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ferner einen Schritt umfasst, der darin besteht, den Hohlraum (43, 53) zumindest teilweise durch Wachsen einer Metallschicht (44, 54) zu füllen.
EP17164654.0A 2016-04-01 2017-04-03 Komponente eines uhrwerks Active EP3232276B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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CH4312016 2016-04-01

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EP3232276B1 true EP3232276B1 (de) 2020-08-26

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EP17164653.2A Withdrawn EP3226083A1 (de) 2016-04-01 2017-04-03 Rohwerk eines uhrwerks
EP17164654.0A Active EP3232276B1 (de) 2016-04-01 2017-04-03 Komponente eines uhrwerks
EP17164652.4A Active EP3226082B1 (de) 2016-04-01 2017-04-03 Komponente eines uhrwerks

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EP17164653.2A Withdrawn EP3226083A1 (de) 2016-04-01 2017-04-03 Rohwerk eines uhrwerks

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109270818A (zh) * 2018-11-07 2019-01-25 精时拓飞（深圳）科技有限公司 一种微型机械的自动供能模块

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1398315A (en) * 1972-08-15 1975-06-18 Dassortiments Reunies Fab Method for manufacturing dials for watches and dials for watches manufactured according to said method
DE102006059274A1 (de) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-26 Stein, Ralf Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils für das Werk einer mechanischen Uhr
DE212015000206U1 (de) * 2014-08-27 2017-05-02 Apple Inc. Saphirabdeckung für elektronische Vorrichtungen

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EP3226082B1 (de) 2020-02-26
EP3226083A1 (de) 2017-10-04
EP3232276A1 (de) 2017-10-18
EP3226082A1 (de) 2017-10-04

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