EP3221517B1 - Trockner für eine anlage zum herstellen und verteilen von bitumenkonglomeraten - Google Patents

Trockner für eine anlage zum herstellen und verteilen von bitumenkonglomeraten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3221517B1
EP3221517B1 EP15798326.3A EP15798326A EP3221517B1 EP 3221517 B1 EP3221517 B1 EP 3221517B1 EP 15798326 A EP15798326 A EP 15798326A EP 3221517 B1 EP3221517 B1 EP 3221517B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dryer
plant
production
air flow
distribution
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EP15798326.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3221517A1 (de
Inventor
Enrico BERTONI
Francesco BIGNARDI
Andrea Pirazzini
Nereo Portello
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Marini SpA
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Marini SpA
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/02—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for preparing the materials
    • E01C19/05—Crushing, pulverising or disintegrating apparatus; Aggregate screening, cleaning, drying or heating apparatus; Dust-collecting arrangements specially adapted therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
    • F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating
    • F26B23/022—Heating arrangements using combustion heating incinerating volatiles in the dryer exhaust gases, the produced hot gases being wholly, partly or not recycled into the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/08—Granular materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method, apparatus and plant for damping polluting compounds produced during the production of mixtures in the form of conglomerates with bituminous and non-bituminous binders by means of a dryer provided with at least one burner.
  • the invention is usefully, although not exclusively, applied in the production of bituminous conglomerates, in particular for road paving.
  • Patent EP0362199 in the name of the same applicant, describes an apparatus for the production of bituminous conglomerate using a rotatable drying and mixing drum having a flow of combustion gas in countercurrent which is generated by means of a burner placed downstream with respect to the advancement direction of the material to be dried.
  • the drum is provided with means for advancing, drying, impregnating and mixing the material with bituminous substances and fillers.
  • the drum is divided into several chambers communicating with each other.
  • the burner is provided with a respective nozzle which generates a flame in a combustion chamber.
  • Patent application US-4,522,498 describes an apparatus for recycling bituminous conglomerate comprising an elongated rotating drum in which the composition is introduced in a first end and recovered in the opposite second end, and having a burner which extends in the drum in such a way that the nozzle of the burner is located inside the drum in an intermediate position between the first and the second end and directs the hot gases towards the first end.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a dryer and a plant which ensure an effective damping of polluting compounds produced during the production of mixtures in the form of conglomerates with bituminous and non-bituminous binders.
  • the solution according to the present invention allows to significantly reduce the release into the environment of polluting compounds during the production of mixtures in the form of conglomerates with bituminous and non-bituminous binders.
  • the solution according to the present invention allows to significantly reduce the release into the environment of polluting compounds also during the phases of loading and generation of the mixtures in the form of conglomerates with binders on the transport means.
  • the solution according to the present invention allows to reduce the problems of clogging of the filtering means used in the plant.
  • the present invention is generally applied to a plant (21) for the heat-preparation of mixtures in the form of conglomerates with bituminous and non-bituminous binders consisting of:
  • the invention is usefully, although not exclusively, applied in the production of bituminous conglomerate, in particular for road paving.
  • the plant (21) operates according to a production cycle which starts with a phase of selection and feeding of the inert lithic materials from suitable first storage means (1) and ends with the loading of the conglomerate ( Fig. 7 , Fig. 8 ) towards transport trucks (22), the loading being able to occur in correspondence of a first loading station (45) from one or more storage silos (17) for storing the bituminous conglomerates or in a second loading station (46) obtained in correspondence of first transport means (3') of the bituminous conglomerates towards the one or more silos (17) in order to allow for the loading of the transport truck (22) also during the phases of production and filling of the one or more silos (17).
  • the production cycle occurs by means of the synchronization of a series of phases and intermediate operations.
  • a mechanical means generally a mechanical blade, takes ( Fig. 1 ) the inert lithic materials from heaps (47) and loads them in different first storage means (1) depending on the different granulometry.
  • first storage means (1) there can be ( Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 , Fig. 5 , Fig. 6 ) distinct first storage means (1) for inert lithic materials having small granulometry, for inert lithic materials having medium-sized granulometry, for inert lithic materials having large-sized granulometry.
  • the first storage means (1) can be provided with suitable pre-proportioning devices for sending directly the inert lithic materials of different granulometries in the correct quantities towards the devices which are located downstream with respect to the advancement direction of the material.
  • the first storage means (1) are preferably made in form of hoppers open on their upper part to enable loading and closed with closing means which are openable in correspondence of the bottom which is intended to allow the release of the inert lithic materials on second transport means (3"), preferably in the form of a conveyor belt, even more preferably according to a configuration in which the second transport means (3") are an extractor belt, which is moved by a controlled variable-speed motor, thus directly obtaining a precise delivery of the inert lithic materials according to the quantities and the proportions required by the production formulation.
  • the rate per hour of each of the first storage means (1) is proportional to the speed of the extractor belt.
  • recycled conglomerates which are contained ( Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 , Fig. 5 , Fig. 6 ) within second storage means (2), provided with a specific pre-proportioning device for this type of material.
  • the recycled conglomerate can be for example made up of asphalt products from recycling.
  • the recycled conglomerate coming from the second storage means (2), once supplied by the pre-proportioning device, can be sent to the dryer (4) by means of third transport means (3'") to be used as hot-recycled material, or can be sent directly downstream with respect to the dryer (4) to be used as cold-recycled material.
  • the plant (21) must also include ( Fig. 1 ) a specific sieve (48) and a mill for reducing its size before the introduction into the plant.
  • the recycled conglomerates can be preliminarily divided on the basis of granulometry and stored in different second storage means (2) each of which is intended for a different granulometry.
  • a control unit (18) of the production cycle automatically performs the adjustment of the rate of each of the first storage means (1) and of any possible one or more second storage means (2).
  • the inert lithic materials and the recycled conglomerates, if present, are sent, by means of the second transport means (3") and the third transport means (3"') respectively, towards ( Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 ) the dryer (4) where they are heated to eliminate their humidity in an operating phase of drying.
  • the removal of humidity facilitates the coating of inert lithic materials and recycled conglomerates, if present, with the binder, that is to say, the bitumen.
  • the dryer (4) is provided ( Fig. 11 , Fig. 12 ) with a burner (5), whose operation will be shown in the following of the present description.
  • the suction system (49) of the gases produced in the dryer (4) following the combustion performed by the burner (5) For a regular operation of the burner (5) it is necessary to suitably set the suction system (49) of the gases produced in the dryer (4) following the combustion performed by the burner (5).
  • the fine dusts are sucked ( Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 , Fig. 5 , Fig. 6 , Fig. 7 ) from the dryer (4) by means of the suction system (49).
  • the fine dusts are sent ( Fig. 5 , Fig. 6 , Fig. 7 , Fig. 10 ) to a first filter (6) by means of a second connection (27") and are damped in the dust exhaust first filter (6) in a filtering phase before the sucked and filtered air is released by means of fume exhaust means (29).
  • the fine dusts are recovered in a hopper (19) which is located under the first filter (6).
  • Some formulations of mixtures in the form of bituminous conglomerates are conceived in such a way that the mixture also contains, in addition to the previously described inert lithic materials and any possible recycled conglomerates, a certain amount of fine filling material (filler). Its function is to fill the spaces remaining between the various granulometries of inert lithic materials and any possible recycled conglomerates.
  • the added or additional fine filling material is stored ( Fig. 3 , Fig. 5 , Fig. 6 ) in suitable containers (7) in a storage phase of the fine materials produced during the drying phase.
  • the fine materials are moved by means ( Fig. 5 ) of a lifting device (59) for lifting the fine dusts.
  • a first elevator (8) preferably a bucket elevator, introduces them ( Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 , Fig. 3 , Fig. 4 , Fig. 5 , Fig. 6 , Fig. 7 , Fig.
  • buffer means (10) preferably in the form of buffer hoppers.
  • the buffer means preferably a series of buffer hoppers made up of different buffer hoppers each of which is associated with a different granulometry range, interrupt the material flow, which until then preferably occurs without interruptions.
  • the various granulometries can be introduced in sequence one after the other into a weighing hopper suspended over loading cells carrying out a proportioning phase by the sum of the weights.
  • the feeding of the various granulometries is carried out depending on the different production formulations, which it is possible to implement.
  • the fine dusts are sent ( Fig. 2 ) to a screw device (20) which is provided with a respective weighing system or, depending on the type of plant, are lifted by a fine dust lifting device (59), preferably in the form of a bucket elevator, and weighed by means of second weighing means (13), preferably in the form of a weighing hopper.
  • a mixer (14) carries out ( Fig. 2 , Fig. 4 , Fig. 5 , Fig. 6 , Fig. 7 , Fig. 9 ) the mixing of the various components to obtain the mixture in the form of bituminous conglomerates containing inert lithic materials, binder and filler plus any recycled conglomerates.
  • the binder preferably bitumen, is proportioned by weight and is stored at a temperature which facilitates its pumping.
  • the binder is supplied towards the mixer (14), at a temperature which provides the best results during the phase of mixing with the conglomerate.
  • the heating occurs by means of a thermal unit made up of one or more boilers (15) and tanks (16) which can be horizontal ( Fig. 1 ) or vertical ( Fig. 3 ).
  • the inert lithic materials plus any recycled conglomerates, the binder and the filler are introduced in sequence into the mixer (14) which physically makes the mixture obtaining the mixture in the form of bituminous conglomerates.
  • the components which will have to be introduced later into the mixer (14) are weighed while a mixing of the previously introduced components is already taking place.
  • the so produced conglomerate can be stored ( Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 , Fig. 4 , Fig. 5 , Fig. 6 , Fig. 7 , Fig. 8 ) directly or by means of conveying buckets or shuttles in the storage silo (17) in a phase of storage of the mixture in the form of bituminous conglomerates.
  • the trucks (22) that is to say, the vehicles intended for the transport of the conglomerate, are supplied directly from the storage silo (17) under the control of the control unit (18) with the supervision of the operator who adjusts or sets the amount of mixture in the form of bituminous conglomerates which is released from the storage silos (17).
  • the control unit (18) preferably allows to control the whole production cycle by means of a management, supervision and setting system.
  • fugitive emissions containing polluting compounds such as organic compounds, normally defined as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), etc.
  • the present invention is conceived in such a way that the polluting compounds are sucked preventing their release into the environment and that such polluting compounds are opportunely damped and eliminated as will be explained in the following of the present description.
  • the invention is conceived in such a way that such polluting compounds are burnt by means of the exposure to suitable temperatures higher than 400°C, preferably higher than 600C°.
  • suitable temperatures higher than 400°C preferably higher than 600C°.
  • the polluting compounds are easily combustible by thermal oxidation if exposed to such temperatures for a sufficient period of time, of the order of some seconds, preferably in a range between 1 and 5 seconds, even more preferably in a range between 1.5 and 2 seconds.
  • the method can also comprise one of or both the following phases:
  • the principle of operation according to the invention is conceived in such a way that the polluting compounds are sucked ( Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 , Fig. 4 , Fig. 5 , Fig. 6 , Fig. 7 , Fig. 8 , Fig. 9 ) along with the air by the drawing or suction means (23', 23", 23"') from one or more zones which are subject to the presence of such polluting compounds.
  • the drawing or suction means 23', 23", 23"'
  • the first drawing or suction means (23') are installed according to such a configuration as to suck ( Fig. 3 ) the air from a room (24) into which the truck (22) can enter during the loading phases.
  • the room (24) will preferably be essentially air-tight in such a way that the room (24) is kept in depression by means of the first drawing or suction means (23'), thus efficiently preventing the emissions into the environment.
  • This solution may be adopted both with reference to the first loading station (45) and with reference to the second loading station (46) which have been previously described. Furthermore, for example, one can provide ( Fig. 1 , Fig. 6 , Fig.
  • second drawing or suction means (23") in correspondence of the first transport means (3') which carry out the transport of the bituminous conglomerates towards the one or more storage silos (17).
  • first transport means (3') which carry out the transport of the bituminous conglomerates towards the one or more storage silos (17).
  • third drawing or suction means (23') in correspondence of the mixing tower (28), preferably in correspondence of the devices used for the production of the bituminous conglomerates, such as in correspondence of the mixer (14).
  • the dryer (4) according to the invention for a plant (21) for the production and distribution of bituminous conglomerates comprises at least one inlet mouth (37) of inert materials (53), preferably inert lithic materials, at least one burner (5) which generates drying heat for the materials (53), at least one discharge head (42) for the extraction of the materials (53) from the dryer (4), a suction system (49) of air from the dryer (4) and further comprises a damping system (58) of polluting compounds which are generated in the plant (21), said damping system (58) of polluting compounds comprising:
  • the generation means (23', 23", 23"', 26) of the air flow (51) containing the polluting compounds comprise drawing means or suction means (23', 23", 23"') of the polluting compounds.
  • the introduction means (27', 43) of the air flow (51) containing the polluting compounds inside the dryer (4) comprise at least one first connection (27') connecting the drawing means or suction means (23', 23", 23'") to the dryer (4).
  • the plant (21) will be provided with a damping system (58) of the polluting compounds comprising collection means of the polluting compounds at least from the points where there can be emissions of polluting compounds possibly also directly from the points where the polluting compounds themselves develop.
  • the drawing or suction means (23', 23", 23"') are connected ( Fig. 5 , Fig. 6 , Fig. 7 , Fig. 8 , Fig. 9 ) by means of the first connection (27') to the dryer (4) in order to send the sucked polluting compounds towards the burner (5).
  • the suction by the drawing or suction means occurs by means of a fan (26) provided with a second filter (25) which is located upstream with respect to it and with respect to the air flow containing the polluting gases with sucked polluting compounds.
  • the second filter (25) is a separating filter having sectors of pre-treatment of the sucked air which has the purpose of capturing the larger-sized particles contained in the flow, such as dusts, oils, etc.
  • the first connection (27') is connected ( Fig. 5 , Fig. 6 , Fig. 7 , Fig. 8 ) to the dryer (4) in a connecting position which is located upstream with respect to the position of the burner (5) and with respect to the direction of the air flow (51) inside the dryer (4). More precisely ( Fig. 5 , Fig. 6 , Fig. 7 , Fig. 9 , Fig.11 , Fig. 12 ) the air flow (51) containing the polluting compounds flows into the dryer from an entry (43) and is addressed towards the burner (5) in such a way that the flame (50) can carry out the combustion of the polluting compounds.
  • the air flow (51) is addressed towards an exit (44) from which the air is recovered to be sent to the first filter (6).
  • the air flow (51) occurs according to a flow direction which is essentially concordant with respect to the direction according to which the flame (50) of the burner (5) is oriented and occurs according to a flow direction which is essentially opposite with respect to the direction according to which the advancement of the material (53) occurs, which advances, therefore, according to a direction of the material flow (52) which is opposite with respect to the direction according to which the flame (50) of the burner (5) is oriented.
  • the air flow (51) through the dryer (4) occurs in such a way as to ensure a suitably long contact time between the flame (50) and the polluting compounds and at a sufficiently high temperature with the consequent oxidation or combustion of the polluting compounds.
  • the dryer (4) comprises at least one first chamber (31) in which the burner (5) introduces the flame (50) which is intended to generate the drying heat for the material (53) consisting of the inert lithic materials plus any recycled conglomerates.
  • the air flow (51) containing the polluting compounds flows into the dryer from an entry (43) which is in communication with a second chamber (32) which constitutes a pre-introduction chamber or calming chamber which has the function of ensuring a suitable speed reduction of the air flow (51) before the introduction of the air flow (51) in the first chamber (31) in which the burner (5) introduces the flame (50).
  • a second chamber (32) which constitutes a pre-introduction chamber or calming chamber which has the function of ensuring a suitable speed reduction of the air flow (51) before the introduction of the air flow (51) in the first chamber (31) in which the burner (5) introduces the flame (50).
  • the second chamber (32) is in flow communication with the first chamber (31) by means of openings (55) allowing the material (53) to exit the first chamber (31) and enter the second chamber (32) and then exit the dryer (4) to be sent to the following stations of processing of the material (53) to obtain the bituminous conglomerates.
  • the entry (43), which is connected to the first connection (27') of the damping system (58) is preferably in flow communication with said second chamber (32), so that the introduction of the air flow (51) in the dryer (4) occurs in correspondence of said second chamber (32).
  • the air flow (51) containing the polluting compounds is also prevented from significantly perturbing the flame (50) of the burner (5).
  • the main aim of the dryer (4) is to eliminate humidity from the material (53) and heat it to the desired temperature and, as a consequence, the use of the burner (5) to also perform the function of combustion of the polluting compounds must occur in such a way as to not interfere with the production process of the bituminous conglomerate.
  • the deviation means (30, 54) of the air flow (51) containing the polluting compounds deviate the air flow (51) towards a perimetrically external surface or shell of the dryer (4) and they are configured and structured to spread apart the air flow (51) at least from the formation zone of at least one flame (50) generated by the at least one burner (5) and to generate a turbulence in the air flow (51) increasing the permanence time of the polluting compounds inside the dryer (4).
  • the deviation means (30, 54) of the air flow (51) containing the polluting compounds are configured and structured to convey the air flow (51) and the polluting compounds according to a conveying direction which is oriented in a way concordant with a direction according to which the at least one flame (50) is oriented, thus preventing the air flow from excessively perturbing the flame whose main aim is to obtain the drying and the heating of the materials introduced into the dryer.
  • the shield (30) can be shaped according to a preferably frustoconical shape, wherein the frustoconical shape is arranged essentially around the end of the burner (5) where the flame is generated or arranged in such a way as to surround at least one initial part of the flame (50).
  • the orientation of the frustoconical shape is arranged with an enlargement direction of the frustoconical shape oriented in a concordant way with respect to the advancement direction of the air flow (51) inside the dryer (4), that is to say, opposite to the direction (52) of the flow of material (53).
  • Said shape contributes to preventing the air, having a low temperature with respect to the internal temperature of the dryer and of the flame, from coming into contact with and perturbing the flame in the initial part.
  • the shield deviates the air and is interposed between the air flow and at least the initial part of the flame, contributing to ensuring the operating conditions in which the air flow is oriented in such a way to come into contact with the flame in the zone in which the flame is at a greater temperature, favouring a complete combustion of the pollutants.
  • At least one part of the deviation means (30, 54) of the air flow (51) can be located between the first chamber (31) and the second chamber (32) of the dryer (4) and at least one part of the deviation means (30, 54) of the air flow (51) can be located between the first chamber (31) and the third chamber (33) of the dryer (4).
  • the deflector or section reducer (54) can be located between the first chamber (31) and the third chamber (33) of the dryer (4).
  • the shield (30) can be located between the first chamber (31) and the second chamber (32) of the dryer (4).
  • the method may also comprise an adjusting phase of the air flow (51) containing the polluting compounds and the plant (21) or the dryer (4) may be provided with generation means (23', 23", 23"', 26) of the air flow (51) which are configured and structured to adjust the air flow (51) obtaining an air flow (51) in a range from a minimum of about 1000 to a maximum of about 20000 Nm3/h air with a constant flow rate depending on the quantity of storage silos in the plant, wherein Nm3/h refers to a measurement of the flow rate in m3/h under normal conditions of pressure and temperature equal to 1 atmosphere and 20°C respectively.
  • the installed burner (5) can be selected from:
  • the at least one burner (5) consists of at least two distinct burners or of two distinct power stages of which:
  • the characteristic which must be guaranteed is the burner (5) to be provided with adjusting or switching means to be able to operate at at least two different power levels, a first power level of which having a lower operating power with respect to the operating power of the second power level.
  • the first power level is between about 1/6 and 1/3 of the second power level, preferably wherein the first power level is between about 1/5 and 1/4 of the second power level, even more preferably being about 1/5 of the second power level, independently of the embodiment of the burner which can be for example one of the previously listed types of burner (a single burner having a variable power, a multi-stage burner, at least two distinct burners).
  • the plant (21), and in particular the dryer (4) and the related burner (5) must be able to work in two distinct operating conditions which require operating powers of the burner (5) at at least two distinct power levels.
  • the plant (21) and the dryer (4) work in a first type of operating phase in which there is no material (53) inside the first chamber (31) of the dryer (4), said first type of operating phase corresponding to a first condition in which at least one truck (22) is loaded ( Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 , Fig. 7 ) in at least one first loading station (45) which is located in correspondence of the storage silo (17) for storing the bituminous conglomerates while the production of additional bituminous conglomerate has stopped.
  • the plant (21) has stopped relative to the production of new bituminous conglomerate but it works only as a loading system of the truck (22) with the previously produced bituminous conglomerate and stored in one or more storage silos (17) for storing the bituminous conglomerates and simultaneously the suction of the polluting compounds is active.
  • the system of collection of the polluting compounds is on and takes into the dryer (4) the air collected by means of the drawing or suction means (23', 23", 23'").
  • the dryer (4) there is no material (53) to be processed and it is only used for the heating and the treatment of the air coming from the system of collection of the polluting compounds which sucks air at least from the first drawing or suction means (23') which are located in correspondence of a first loading station (45) from a silo (17) while a truck (22) is loaded.
  • the plant (21) and the dryer (4) work in a second type of operating phase in which there is material (53) inside the first chamber (31) of the dryer (4), said second type of operating phase corresponding to a second condition in which at least one truck (22) is loaded in at least one first loading station (45) or in at least one second loading station (46) or to a first condition in which at least one first truck (22) is loaded ( Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 , Fig.
  • the plant (21) and the dryer (4) work in a second type of operating phase in which the production of additional bituminous conglomerate occurs.
  • the plant (21) works at full capacity and produces new bituminous conglomerate and simultaneously the suction of the polluting compounds is active.
  • the system of collection of the polluting compounds is on and takes into the dryer (4) the air collected by means of the drawing or suction means (23', 23", 23"').
  • the burner (5) is adjusted to adsorb the constant air excess deriving from said collection of the polluting compounds and the first filter (6) will be automatically adjusted to keep the correct depression for the operation of the burner (5).
  • the adjustment will occur for example by means of a blade damper or by means of inverter control.
  • the plant (21) works at full capacity and produces new bituminous conglomerate to be sent to the storage silos (17) without there being the delivery of bituminous conglomerate on the truck (22).
  • at least the suction of the polluting compounds from the first loading station (45) and second loading station (46) can be not active.
  • the suction of the polluting compounds by the third drawing or suction means (23"') can be active in correspondence of the devices used for the production of the bituminous conglomerates of the plant (21).
  • the burner can operate at a third power level equal to that of the third power level or included between the previously defined lower first power level and greater second power level, such as a third power level included between 2/3 and 3/3 of the second power level.
  • the burner operates at the lower first power level and the plant (21) and the dryer (4) work in a first type of operating phase in which there is no material (53) inside the first chamber (31) of the dryer (4) and the suction of the polluting compounds is active
  • a power level between 1.5 and 8.5 MW, preferably between 2 and 7 MW, even more preferably between about 2.5 and about 3.5 MW.
  • a power level included between 9 and 25 MW, preferably between 12 and 22 MW, even more preferably between about 14 and about 18 MW for an indicative production rate of 200 tons/hour of conglomerate.
  • Such values are to be considered dependent on the production capacity per hour of the plant (21). For example for a plant with output production volumes of bituminous conglomerate of 200 tons/hour one can provide values approximately of 14-16 MW.
  • the control unit (18) will be configured and structured to manage, in addition to the plant (21) as a whole, the damping system (58) of the polluting compounds as well. Once the operation of the damping system of the polluting compounds has been enabled, the flame (50) is not immediately started but its ignition occurs when the conditions required for its operation have been checked. Therefore, the damping system of the polluting compounds, once it has been enabled, remains on stand-by waiting for the required operating conditions to occur and, when such conditions occur, the damping system of the polluting compounds will be automatically started by the control unit (18).
  • the start of the fan (26) of the polluting compounds and also the change in the power level of the burner (5) may lead to a lowering of the temperature at the entry of the first filter (6) and to an instability condition in the suction of the first filter (6).
  • the start of the damping system (58) of the polluting compounds occurs in advance with respect to the start of the production and late with respect to a stable flame signal, that is to say, when the burner is at full capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to first start the plant at the third power level, that is to say, that related to the condition in which the suction of the polluting compounds from the first loading station (45) and second loading station (46) is not active.
  • the plant (21) with a dryer (4) provided with a single burner (5) having a variable power for example, the plant (21) is initially started at a lower power level. Once production has been started, the burner (5) will be made to operate at the greater power level to also carry out the combustion of the polluting compounds.
  • a plant (21) with a dryer (4) provided with at least two distinct burners it can be provided that it is started initially with one single main flame of the burner (5) active and in the absence of another additional auxiliary flame of combustion of the polluting compounds. Once production has been started, the additional auxiliary flame of combustion of the polluting compounds will also be started.
  • the burner (5) can be provided with setting means of the main flame and, as a consequence, the operating method can include a setting phase of the main flame or of the power of the burner according to process parameters for example selected from temperature inside the dryer (4), air flow inside the dryer (4), quantity of material (53) to be treated, recipe for preparing the mixture, humidity of the material (53) to be treated, etc.
  • process parameters for example selected from temperature inside the dryer (4), air flow inside the dryer (4), quantity of material (53) to be treated, recipe for preparing the mixture, humidity of the material (53) to be treated, etc.
  • one can provide suitable sensors which measure one or more of the indicated values or one can provide modulations based on the specific recipe for preparing the mixture being worked.
  • the dryer can comprise adjusting means of the internal pressure, said adjusting means adjusting the pressure inside the dryer in such a way as to keep a condition of depression on an essentially constant value determined according to process parameters for example selected from temperature inside the dryer (4), air flow inside the dryer (4), quantity of material (53) to be treated, recipe for preparing the mixture, humidity of the material (53) to be treated, etc.
  • the start of the damping system (58) of the volatile organic compounds will be affected by the presence of one or more operating conditions selected from:
  • the damping system (58) of the polluting compounds always needs the presence of at least one flame (50) inside the dryer in order to have the combustion of the polluting compounds.
  • the flame (50) can be:
  • the fan (26) and the auxiliary flame will be turned off and will be kept off until the main flame has been started.
  • the burner is configured and structured to generate both a main flame for the drying of the material (53) and to generate an additional auxiliary flame for the combustion of the polluting compounds.
  • an additional auxiliary flame is not actually present but the combustion of the polluting compounds is essentially obtained by adjusting the power of the main flame to different power levels as previously explained.
  • the main flame and the auxiliary flame are never ignited simultaneously.
  • the fan (26) will be preferably off.
  • the plant (21) comprises a damping system (58) of the polluting compounds and the operating method of the plant (21) for the production and distribution of bituminous conglomerates also comprises the following damping phases of polluting compounds which are generated in the plant (21):
  • the operating method of the dryer (4) will further comprise a damping phase of polluting compounds which are generated in the plant (21), said damping phase comprising the previously described sub-phases (D1), (D2), (D3), (D4), (D5).
  • the at least one burner (5) can be configured and structured to operate at least at two distinct power levels and, as a consequence, the operating method can therefore include an adjusting or switching phase of the operating power of the at least one burner (5) between at least two distinct power levels, a first power level of which having a lower operating power with respect to the operating power of the second power level, wherein:
  • the phase (A2) is an ignition phase of the main burner, said main burner generating drying heat for the inert materials (53) and the combustion phase (D5) of the polluting compounds occurs by means of the second flame generated by the main burner.
  • the cycle (B) can further comprise an ignition phase of the auxiliary burner generating the first flame, the combustion phase (D5) of the polluting compounds occurring by means of said first flame generated by the auxiliary burner.
  • the operating method can also include an adjusting or switching phase of the operating power of the at least one burner (5) between at least three distinct power levels, of which the previously described first power level and second power level and an additional third power level between the first power level and the second power level, said third power level being adjusted in such a way as to cause in a third type of operating phase only the drying of the materials (53) in the absence of the conveying of the sucked polluting compounds.
  • the activation of the fan (26) preferably occurs gradually by means of a starting ramp, the fan (26) being controlled by means of an inverter or a soft-starter.
  • the starting ramp is preferably soft or not too inclined to prevent excessive pressure changes in the management of the depression of the first filter (6).
  • a cycle (M) of use of the plant (21) with the production of bituminous conglomerates and the simultaneous activation of the damping system (58) of the polluting compounds with the main flame and auxiliary flame which are never active simultaneously can be the following:
  • a cycle (N) of use of the plant (21) with the production of bituminous conglomerates and the simultaneous activation of the damping system (58) of the polluting compounds with the main flame and auxiliary flame which may be active simultaneously can be the following:
  • a cycle (O) of use of the plant (21) in the absence of production of bituminous conglomerates and with a loading phase of one or more trucks from silos (17) with the only activation of the damping system (58) of the polluting compounds can be the following:
  • cycle (O) of use of the plant in the absence of production of bituminous conglomerates and with a loading phase of one or more trucks from the silos (17) can be integrated in the previously described cycles (M) and (N) because the plant is configured to operate simultaneously the production of new conglomerate to be sent to the silos (17) while one or more loading phases of trucks from the silos (17) occur in the first loading positions (45) or in the second loading positions (46) which are obtained in correspondence of the first transport means (3') of the bituminous conglomerates towards the one or more silos (17) in such a way as to allow for the loading of the transport trucks (22) also during the phases of production and filling of the one or more silos (17).
  • the suction system (49) of the gases produced in the dryer (4) will have an increased capacity in order to be able to operate an effective suction from the dryer (4) both of the combustion fumes of the burner (5) and of the combustion products due to the combustion of the polluting compounds.
  • the first filter (6) can be a fabric filter, preferably a bag filter.
  • These combined actions have the purpose of damping the polluting compounds and also any unburnt materials and oils present in the air.
  • In output from the dryer (4) one will ensure an output flow at a temperature compatible with the filter, optionally introducing cooling air to be mixed with that coming out of the dryer (4) or adjusting the power of the burner (5).
  • the combination of the burner (5) and adjusting means of the air flow (51) eliminates oils and polluting substances from the collected air.
  • the management of a possible excessive temperature at the output of the dryer (4) is preferably entrusted to one or more adjustable cold air intakes, which are installed in the second connection (27") between the dryer (4) and the first filter (6).
  • the structure of the dryer (4) it is preferably made up of a drum (34) which can be made in form of one single rotating drum put in rotation by means of movement means (35) or in the form of a pair of rotating drums comprising a first rotating drum put in rotation by means of first movement means and a second rotating drum put in rotation by means of second movement means.
  • the first rotating drum and the second rotating drum are independently rotating coaxial drums which are arranged one after the other and the first movement means and the second movement means are independent from each other meaning that they can control the rotation of the respective drum at a rotational speed controllable independently with respect to the rotational speed of the other drum.
  • the movement means (35) can be a movement system by friction by means of rollers, for example four rollers, actuated by respective motors or a movement system with a pinion and crown reciprocally engaging for the transmission of the rotational movement.
  • the drum (34), the first drum and the second rotating drum are supported by rollers (36) which contribute to releasing the weight of the respective drum and of its content.
  • the drum (34) is provided with an inlet mouth of the material (37) into which the material (53) to be treated is introduced, which consists of inert materials, preferably inert lithic materials, generally gravel, of varied granulometry and optionally also of recycled material.
  • the material (53) to be treated comes from the first storage means (1) containing the inert materials, preferably inert lithic materials and optionally also from the second storage means (2) containing the recycled conglomerates, according to the operating modes and by means of the previously described devices.
  • the inlet mouth (37) of the material is provided with first blades or openings (39) which constitute a feeding zone of the material (53), the first blades or openings (39) allowing the material (53) to penetrate the dryer (4) and not allowing it to come out once it has been introduced into the dryer (4).
  • the inlet mouth (37) of the material is in communication with a third chamber (33) of the dryer (4) which is distinct with respect to the previously described first chamber (31) in which the generation of the flame (50) by the burner (5) occurs.
  • the third chamber (33) is separate with respect to the first chamber (31) by means of second blades or openings (38) having a function similar to the first blades or openings, that is to say, of favouring the entry of the material in the zone where there is the flame (50) and not allowing its return towards the inlet mouth (37) of the material.
  • the material (53) is made to advance thanks ( Fig. 11 ) to fins (40) which can be made in the form of lifting fins, lifting cups or other configurations.
  • fins (40) having such a shape as to lift the material (53) making it advance and preventing the material (53) from falling through the hot combustion gases when the drum is rotated, to obtain a combustion without drawbacks, leaving a free central axial space which is affected by the flame (50).
  • Any recycled conglomerates which can be recyclable asphalt products stored in the second storage means (2), are sent to the dryer (4) by means of the third transport means (3"').
  • Any recycled conglomerates are introduced into the dryer (4) in correspondence of a feeding position which is preferably but not necessarily after the burner with respect to the advancement direction of the material in the dryer, for example by means ( Fig. 11 ) of a feeding device (56) which allows for the feeding of the recyclable asphalt products through circumferential introduction openings (57) which extend annularly to the rotating drum (34) which convey any recycled conglomerates into the rotating drum (34).
  • any recycled conglomerates in a feeding position which is located after the burner with respect to the advancement direction of the material in the dryer is advantageous with respect to other positions as the heating of recycled conglomerates containing bitumen would imply further polluting emissions and, therefore, by providing the feeding in this position, one prevents the exposure of the recycled conglomerates containing bitumen to the flame (50), thus preventing the occurrence of further emissions of polluting compounds.
  • the material (53) which was dried by means of the burner (5) can be optionally impregnated and mixed with bituminous filling substances and binders introduced by means of a lower feeding nozzle (41) which is located behind of the feeding mouth of the flame of the burner (5) in order to prevent the danger of combustion of these substances, the term "behind” referring to the advancement direction of the material inside the dryer (4).
  • the treated material (53) will be discharged downstream by means of a discharge head (42) which is located in correspondence of an opposite end of the dryer (4) with respect to the end of the dryer (4) in correspondence of which there is the inlet mouth (37) of the material to be treated.
  • the plant (1) and, in general, the damping system (58) can provide different suction positions.
  • the operating method can comprise a suction phase (D1) of the polluting compounds by means of drawing means or suction means (23', 23", 23"') which is a suction phase carried out in correspondence of one or more suction positions selected from:
  • said suction position in correspondence of the loading station (45, 46) of the road transport machines (22), which is provided with the first suction means (23'), said suction position can be made in form of a room (24) into which the road transport machines (22) can enter to be loaded, said room (24) preferably being essentially air-tight in such a way that the room (24) is kept in depression by means of the first suction means (23').
  • the eco-friendly plant for the production and distribution of bituminous conglomerates comprises:
  • the dryer (4) is provided with at least one burner (5) generating drying heat for the materials (53) and is provided with a suction system (49) of air from the dryer (4).
  • the plant (21) or the dryer (4) can be configured and structured to operate in accordance with the previously described operating method.
  • the plant (21) or the dryer (4) further comprise a damping system (58) of polluting compounds which are generated in the plant (21), said damping system (58) of polluting compounds comprising:
  • the dryer (4) is further provided with:

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Claims (34)

  1. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung von bituminösen Konglomeraten, umfassend:
    - mindestens eine Einlassmündung (37) für Inertmaterialien (53), vorzugsweise lithische Inertmaterialien;
    - mindestens einen Brenner (5), der mindestens eine Flamme (50) erzeugt, die Trocknungswärme für besagte Materialien (53) erzeugt;
    - mindestens einen Ablasskopf (42) zum Herausziehen besagter Materialien (53) aus besagtem Trockner (4);
    - Befestigungsmittel in Form eines Ausgangs (44), von dem die Luft wiedergewonnen wird, geeignet zum Anschluss mit einem Luftansaugsystem (49), angepasst, um Luft von besagtem Trockner (4) anzusaugen;
    gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass
    besagter Trockner (4) Anschlussmittel zum Anschluss mit einem System (58) zum Reduzieren umweltbelastender Verbindungen aufweist, die in besagter Anlage (21) erzeugt werden, wobei das System (58) zum Reduzieren umweltbelastender Verbindungen folgendes umfasst:
    - Mittel (23', 23", 23'", 26) zur Erzeugung einer Luftströmung (51), die besagte umweltbelastende Verbindungen enthält, die aus besagter Anlage (21) stammen;
    - Mittel (27'; 43) zur Einführung besagter Luftströmung (51), die die umweltbelastenden Verbindungen enthält, in besagten Trockner (4);
    wobei besagter Trockner (4) folgendes umfasst:
    - Umlenkungsmittel (30, 54) für besagte Luftströmung (51), die die umweltbelastenden Verbindungen enthält, die konfiguriert sind um besagte Luftströmung (51) zu einer äußeren Umfangsoberfläche oder -schale des besagten Trockners (4) hin umzulenken, besagte Umlenkungsmittel (30, 54) sind konfiguriert und strukturiert, um besagte Luftströmung (51) weitläufig zu verteilen, mindestens von einem Erzeugungsbereich der mindestens einen Flamme (50), und besagte Umlenkungsmittel (30, 54) sind konfiguriert und strukturiert, um eine Turbulenz in besagter Luftströmung (51) zu erzeugen, die die Permanenzzeit besagter umweltbelastender Verbindungen in besagtem Trockner (4) steigert;
    wobei besagte mindestens eine Flamme (50) die Verbrennung besagter umweltbelastender Verbindungen verursacht.
  2. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagte Mittel (23', 23", 23"', 26) zur Erzeugung besagter Luftströmung (51), die besagte umweltbelastende Verbindungen enthält, Entziehungsmittel oder Ansaugmittel (23', 23", 23"') für besagte umweltbelastende Verbindungen umfassen, wobei besagte Entziehungsmittel oder Ansaugmittel (23', 23", 23"') an mindestens einer Emissionsposition besagter umweltbelastender Verbindungen besagter Anlage (21) platziert sind.
  3. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, gekennzeichnet dadurch dass besagte Mittel (27', 43) zur Einführung besagter Luftströmung (51), die die umweltbelastenden Verbindungen enthält, in besagten Trockner (4) mindestens eine erste Anschluss (27') inkludiert, die besagte Entziehungsmittel oder Ansaugmittel (23', 23", 23"') mit besagtem Trockner (4) an einem Eintritt (43) des Trockners (4) anschließt, wobei besagter Eintritt (43) besagte umweltbelastende Verbindungen in besagten Trockner (4) mittels besagter Luftströmung (51) einführt.
  4. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagte Mittel (30, 54) zur Umlenkung besagter Luftströmung (51), die die umweltbelastenden Verbindungen enthält, zu besagter mindestens einen Flamme (50) hin konfiguriert und strukturiert sind, um besagte umweltbelastende Verbindungen entsprechend einer Beförderungsrichtung zu befördern, die auf eine Art ausgerichtet ist, die einer Richtung entspricht, in die besagte mindestens eine Flamme (50) ausgerichtet ist.
  5. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass er Einstellmittel umfasst, um die Verbrennungstemperatur für besagte umweltbelastenden Verbindungen mittels besagter mindestens einer Flamme (50) einzustellen, wobei besagte Verbrennungstemperatur höher ist als 400°C, vorzugsweise höher als 600° C.
  6. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet dadurch dass besagte Umlenkungsmittel (30, 54) aus einem oder mehr der folgenden ausgewählt werden:
    - eine Deflektorplatte oder Querschnittreduktionsstück (54), vorzugsweise aus hitzebeständigem Stahl, die die Zurückhaltung der Luftströmung (51) mit den umweltbelastenden Verbindungen in einer ersten Kammer (31) oder Verbrennungskammer des besagten Trockners (4) erleichtert und die auch die Schaffung einer turbulenten Bewegung erleichtert, wobei besagte Deflektorplatte oder Querschnittreduktionsstück (54) konfiguriert ist, um den Austritt besagter Luftströmung (51) aus besagter ersten Kammer (31) zu behindern;
    - eine Abschirmung (30) der Luftströmung (51), die konfiguriert und strukturiert ist, um die Luftströmung (51) mit den umweltbelastenden Verbindungen derart umzulenken, dass die Luftströmung (51) entsprechend einer Vorschubrichtung gerichtet ist, die im wesentlichen zu dem Bereich der mindestens einen Flamme (50) hin ausgerichtet ist, in dem die Temperatur der Flamme selbst größer ist, d. h. im wesentlichen derart, dass die Luftströmung (51) zu dem äußeren Teil der mindestens einen Flamme (50) hin gerichtet ist.
  7. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass er sowohl besagte Deflektorplatte oder Querschnittreduktionsstück (54) als auch besagte Abschirmung (30) umfasst, die voneinander beabstandet sind und einander gegenüberliegen, besagte Abschirmung (30) ist im wesentlichen um besagten Brenner (5) herum platziert, um mindestens einen Anfangsteil besagter Flamme (50) zu umgeben, und besagte Deflektorplatte oder Querschnittreduktionsstück (54) sind in einer vorgeschobenen Position in Bezug auf besagte Abschirmung (30) platziert, wobei der Ausdruck "vorgeschobene Position" sich auf die Strömungsrichtung der Luftströmung (51) bezieht, besagte Deflektorplatte oder Querschnittreduktionsstück (54) ist nahe einem Bereich des Trockners (4) platziert, der im wesentlichen einem Endbereich der Entwicklung der Flamme (50) entspricht.
  8. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche 6 bis 7, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagte Deflektorplatte oder Querschnittreduktionsstück (54) eine im wesentlichen kegelstumpfförmige Form hat, wobei die kegelstumpfförmige Form mit einer Vergrößerungsrichtung der kegelstumpfförmigen Form angeordnet ist, die entsprechend einer entsprechenden Ausrichtung in Bezug auf die Strömungsrichtung besagter Luftströmung (51) in besagtem Trockner (4) ausgerichtet ist.
  9. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche 6 bis 8, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagte Abschirmung (30) eine im wesentlichen kegelstumpfförmige Form hat, wobei besagte kegelstumpfförmige Form mit einer Vergrößerungsrichtung der kegelstumpfförmigen Form angeordnet ist, die entsprechend einer entsprechendem Ausrichtung in Bezug auf die Strömungsrichtung besagter Luftströmung (51) in besagtem Trockner (4) ausgerichtet ist.
  10. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagte Mittel (23', 23", 23"', 26) zur Erzeugung besagter Luftströmung (51) konfiguriert und strukturiert sind, um besagte Luftströmung (51) einzustellen, um eine Luftströmung (51) in einem Bereich von ca. 1000 bis über 20000 Nm3/h Luft mit einer konstanten Strömungsrate zu erhalten, wobei Nm3/h sich auf eine Messung der Strömungsrate in m3/h unter normalem Druck und Temperaturbedingungen gleich 1 Atmosphäre und 20°C bezieht.
  11. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass er Einstellmittel umfasst, um den Innendruck des Trockners (4) einzustellen, besagte Einstellmittel stellen den Druck in besagtem Trockner so ein, um einen Unterdruckzustand auf einem im wesentlichen konstanten Wert zu halten, der abhängig von Verfahrensparametern bestimmt wird, die unter folgenden ausgewählt werden: Temperatur in besagtem Trockner (4), Luftströmung in besagtem Trockner (4), Menge des besagten Materials (53) in besagtem Trockner (4), Rezeptur zur Herstellung besagter bituminöser Konglomerate, Feuchtigkeit des besagten Materials (53).
  12. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass er Einstell- oder Schaltmittel für die Betriebsenergie des besagten mindestens einen Brenners (5) zwischen mindestens zwei verschiedenen Energiestufen umfasst, von denen eine erste Energiestufe eine niedrigere Betriebsenergie als die Betriebsenergie einer zweiten Energiestufe umfasst, wobei:
    - besagte erste Energiestufe verursacht besagte Verbrennung besagter umweltbelastender Verbindungen bei Abwesenheit besagter Materialien (53) in besagtem Trockner (4);
    - besagte zweite Energiestufe verursacht besagte Verbrennung besagter umweltbelastender Verbindungen bei Vorhandensein besagter Materialien (53) in besagtem Trockner (4).
  13. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass die Energie besagter erster Energiestufe zwischen ca. 1/6 und 1/3 der Energie der zweiten Energiestufe beträgt, vorzugsweise beträgt die Energie besagter erster Energiestufe zwischen ca. 1/5 und 1/4 der Energie der zweiten Energiestufe.
  14. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche 12 bis 13, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass die Energie besagter ersten Energiestufe zwischen 1,5 und 8,5 MW beträgt, vorzugsweise zwischen 2 und 7 MW, besonders bevorzugt zwischen ca. 2,5 und ca. 3,5 MW, oder gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass die Energie besagter zweiten Energiestufe zwischen 9 und 25 MW beträgt, vorzugsweise zwischen 12 und 22 MW, besonders bevorzugt zwischen ca. 14 und ca. 18 MW, für eine Produktionsrate von ca. 200 Tonnen Konglomerat pro Stunde.
  15. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche 12 bis 14, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass es Einstell- oder Schaltmittel für die Betriebsenergie des besagten mindestens einen Brenners (5) zwischen mindestens drei verschiedenen Energiestufen umfasst, von denen die erste Energiestufe eine niedere Betriebsenergie als die Betriebsenergie der zweiten Energiestufe umfasst, und darüberhinaus eine dritte Energiestufe zwischen der ersten Energiestufe und der zweiten Energiestufe, wobei die dritte Energiestufe nur besagtes Trocknen der Materialien (53) verursacht, in einem deaktivierten Zustand des besagten Systems (58) zum Reduzieren umweltbelastender Verbindungen.
  16. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass die Energie besagter dritten Energiestufe zwischen ca. 2/3 und 3/3 der Energie der zweiten Energiestufe beträgt.
  17. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche 15 bis 16, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass die Energie besagter dritten Energiestufe zwischen 6 und 22 MW beträgt, vorzugsweise zwischen 8 und 20 MW, besonders bevorzugt zwischen ca. 10 und ca. 18 MW, für eine Produktionsrate von ca. 200 Tonnen / pro Stunde von Konglomerat.
  18. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass der besagte mindestens eine Brenner (5) ein einzelner Brenner, der eine variable Leistung hat.
  19. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach dem vorherigen Anspruch und nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche 12 bis 17, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass er Einstellmittel umfasst, um die Betriebsenergie des besagten einzelnen Brenners zwischen besagten verschiedenen Energiestufen einzustellen, der eine variable Leistung hat.
  20. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche 1 bis 17, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagter mindestens eine Brenner (5) aus mindestens zwei verschiedenen Brennern besteht oder aus zwei verschiedenen Phasen, darunter:
    - ein erster Brenner oder eine erste Phase bildet einen Hilfsbrenner, der eine erste Flamme oder Hilfsflamme erzeugt;
    - ein zweiter Brenner oder eine zweite Phase bildet einen Hauptbrenner, der eine zweite Flamme oder Hauptflamme erzeugt.
  21. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach dem vorherigen Anspruch und nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche 12 bis 17, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagter Hilfsbrenner konfiguriert und strukturiert ist, um auf besagter ersten Energiestufe zu arbeiten, oder gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagter Hauptbrenner konfiguriert und strukturiert ist, um auf besagter zweiten Energiestufe zu arbeiten.
  22. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche 20 bis 21, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagter Hauptbrenner und besagter Hilfsbrenner konfiguriert sind, um alternativ zueinander zu arbeiten.
  23. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche 20 bis 21, gekennzeichnet dadurch dass besagter Hauptbrenner und besagte Hilfsbrenner konfiguriert sind, um gleichzeitig oder selbständig voneinander zu arbeiten.
  24. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagte Entziehungsmittel oder Ansaugmittel (23', 23", 23"') an einer oder mehreren der folgenden Ansaugpositionen platziert sind:
    - Ansaugposition an einer Ladestation (45, 46) einer oder mehrerer Straßentransportmaschinen (22), die mit ersten Entziehungs- oder Ansaugmitteln (23') versehen sind, wobei besagte Ladestation (45, 46) eine erste Ladestation (45) oder eine zweite Ladestation (46) ist, wobei besagte erste Ladestation (45) eine Ladestation (45) aus einem oder mehreren Speichersilos (17) zum Speichern der Konglomerate ist, wobei besagte zweite Ladestation (46) an einem ersten Transportmittel (3') der bituminösen Konglomerate von einem Mischabschnitt (28), der mit besagtem Trockner (4) verbunden ist, zu dem einen oder den mehreren Silos (17) erhalten wird, besagte zweite Ladestation (46) umfasst Mittel zum Senden eines Teils der bituminösen Konglomerate, die auf besagtem Transportmittel (3') vorrücken, zu besagter zweiten Ladestation (46) einer der besagten Straßentransportmaschinen (22);
    - Ansaugposition an einer Abdeckhaube der besagten ersten Transportmittel (3'), die den Transport der bituminösen Konglomerate zu dem einen oder den mehreren Speichersilos (17) ausführen, wobei besagte Abdeckhaube mit zweiten Entziehungs- oder Ansaugmitteln (23") versehen ist;
    - Ansaugposition an einer oder mehreren Vorrichtungen zur Herstellung der bituminösen Konglomerate des besagten Mischabschnitts (28), wobei besagter Mischabschnitt (28) mit dritten Entziehungs- oder Ansaugmitteln (23'") versehen ist.
  25. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagte Ansaugposition an besagter Ladestation (45, 46) einer der besagten Straßentransportmaschinen (22), die erste Entziehungs- oder Ansaugmittel (23') aufweist, die Form eines Raumes (24) hat, in den eine der besagten Straßentransportmaschinen (22) einfahren kann, um beladen zu werden, besagter Raum (24) ist vorzugsweise ein im wesentlichen hermetisch verschlossener Raum, so dass in besagtem Raum (24) mittels besagter erster Entziehungs- oder Ansaugmittel (23') ein Unterdruck aufrechterhalten wird.
  26. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass er einen ersten Filter (6) umfasst, der mit besagtem Trockner (4) mittels einem zweiten Anschluss (27") angeschlossen ist, besagter erster Filter (6) ist vorzugsweise ein erster Staubauslassfilter (6), der einen Trichter (19) aufweist, um die gefilterten Stäube wiederzugewinnen.
  27. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche 2 bis 26, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagte Mittel (23', 23", 23'", 26) zur Erzeugung der besagten Luftströmung (51), die besagte umweltbelastenden Verbindungen enthält, mindestens einen Ventilator (26) umfassen, der mit besagten Entziehungsmitteln oder Ansaugmitteln (23', 23", 23"') angeschlossen ist, besagter Ventilator (26) ist mit einem zweiten Filter (25) gekoppelt, der sich vorgeschaltet in Bezug auf diesen und in Bezug auf der Luftströmung befindet, die die entzogenen oder angesaugten umweltbelastenden Verbindungen enthält, besagter zweiter Filter ist vorzugsweise ein Trennfilter, der Vorbehandlungssektoren für die angesaugte Luft hat, die die umweltbelastenden Verbindungen enthält, besagter zweiter Filter (25) filtert Teilchen oder Öle, die in der Luftströmung enthalten sind.
  28. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagter Trockner (4) eine zweite Kammer (32) umfasst, wobei besagter Eintritt (43), der mit besagter ersten Anschluss (27') angeschlossen ist, in Strömungskommunikation mit besagter zweiten Kammer (32) steht, wobei besagte zweite Kammer (32) eine Vor-Einführungskammer für besagte Luftströmung (51) konstituiert.
  29. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche 6 bis 28, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagter Trockner (4) auch eine dritte Kammer (33) umfasst, die eine Einlassmündung (37) für das Material aufweist, besagte dritte Kammer (33) steht in Kommunikation mit besagter ersten Kammer (31), in der die besagte Flamme (50) von dem Brenner (5) erzeugt wird, besagte Einlassmündung (37) für das Material ist vorzugsweise mit ersten Lamellen oder Öffnungen (39) versehen, die einen Zuführungsbereich (53) für das Material bilden, besagte erste Lamellen oder Öffnungen (39) lassen das Material (53) in den Trockner (4) eintreten und nicht wieder herauskommen, nachdem es in den Trockner (4) eingeführt wurde, besagte dritte Kammer (33) ist vorzugsweise von besagter ersten Kammer (31) mittels zweiten Lamellen oder Öffnungen (38) getrennt, die gebildet und strukturiert sind, um den Eintritt des Materials in die erste Kammer (31) zu erleichtern und dessen Rückkehr zu der Einlassmündung (37) des Materials zu behindern.
  30. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagte Deflektorplatte oder Querschnittreduktionsstück (54) zwischen besagter ersten Kammer (31) und besagter dritten Kammer (33) des Trockners (4) platziert ist.
  31. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagter Trockner (4) aus folgendem besteht:
    - einer rotierenden Trommel (34) die von Bewegungsmitteln (35) in Rotation versetzt wird; oder
    - ein Paar rotierende Trommeln mit einer ersten rotierenden Trommel, die von ersten Bewegungsmitteln in Rotation versetzt wird, und einer zweiten rotierenden Trommel, die von zweiten Bewegungsmitteln in Rotation versetzt wird, vorzugsweise in Form eines Paars von unabhängig voneinander rotierenden koaxialen Trommeln, die unabhängig voneinander von besagten ersten Bewegungsmitteln und besagten zweiten Bewegungsmitteln kontrollierbar sind.
  32. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei besagter Trockner (4) konfiguriert und strukturiert ist, um entsprechend einer Funktionsweise zu arbeiten, wobei besagte Funktionsweise des besagten Trockners (4) nach mindestens dem folgenden Betriebszyklus arbeitet:
    (i) Betriebszyklus zum Trocknen bituminöser Konglomerate, wobei besagter Betriebszyklus zum Trocknen bituminöser Konglomerate mindestens die folgenden Phasen umfasst:
    (A1) Zuführung von mindestens Inertmaterialien (53), vorzugsweise lithischen Inertmaterialien, zu besagter Einlassmündung (37) des besagten Trockners (4);
    (A2) Zündung des besagten mindestens einen Brenners (5) zur Erzeugung von Trocknungswärme für besagte Inertmaterialien (53) und Anschalten des besagten mindestens einen Ansaugsystems (49) für Luft von besagtem Trockner (4);
    (A3) Trocknen besagter Materialien (53) in besagtem Trockner (4) in einem Zustand, in dem besagte Materialien (53) besagter Trocknungswärme und dem Vorschub besagter Materialien (53) in besagten Trockner (4) entsprechend einer Vorschubrichtung der Strömung (52) von Material ausgesetzt sind;
    (A4) eventuelle Einführung von wiederaufbereiteten Konglomeraten in besagten Trockner (4);
    (A5) eventuelle Einführung bituminöser Füllgüter und Bindemittel in besagten Trockner (4) mittels Zuführmittel (41);
    (A6) Extraktion besagter Materialien (53) an einem Ablasskopf (42) des besagten Trockners (4);
    gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagte Funktionsweise des besagten Trockners (4) auch eine Reduktionsphase von umweltbelastenden Verbindungen umfasst, die in besagter Anlage (21) erzeugt werden, wobei besagte Reduktionsphase die folgenden Unterphasen umfasst:
    (D1) Ansaugung oder Entziehung besagter umweltbelastender Verbindungen mittels besagten Entziehungsmittel oder Ansaugmittel (23', 23", 23"'), die an mindestens einer Emissionsposition besagter umweltbelastender Verbindungen platziert sind;
    (D2) Transport besagter entzogener oder angesaugter umweltbelastender Verbindungen zu besagtem Trockner (4) mittels besagten mindestens einen ersten Anschluss (27');
    (D3) Einführung besagter entzogener oder angesaugter umweltbelastender Verbindungen in besagten Trockner (4) mittels besagter Luftströmung (51);
    (D4) Beförderung besagter entzogener oder angesaugter umweltbelastender Verbindungen auf besagte mindestens eine Flamme (50) zu, die von besagtem mindestens einen Brenner (5) erzeugt wird;
    (D5) Verbrennung besagter umweltbelastender Verbindungen mittels besagter mindestens einer Flamme (50).
  33. Trockner (4) für eine Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagte Funktionsweise des besagten Trockners (4) auch eine Verlangsamungsphase der Geschwindigkeit der besagten Luftströmung (51) umfasst, besagte Verlangsamung der Geschwindigkeit der Luftströmung (51) verursacht eine Verlängerung des Permanenzzeit der flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen in besagtem Trockner (4), besagte Permanenzzeit der flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen in dem Trockner (4) liegt vorzugsweise in einem Bereich zwischen 1 und 5 Sekunden, besonders bevorzugt in einem Bereich zwischen 1,5 und 2 Sekunden.
  34. Umweltfreundliche Anlage (21) zur Herstellung und Verteilung bituminöser Konglomerate, die folgendes umfasst:
    - mindestens einen Trockner (4) für Inertmaterialien (53), vorzugsweise lithische Inertmaterialien;
    - einen Mischabschnitt (28) zum Mischen mit einem Bindemittel, das besagte bituminöse Konglomerate erhält;
    - erste Transportmittel (3') für besagte bituminöse Konglomerate von besagtem Mischabschnitt (28) zu mindestens einem Speichersilo (17) zum Speichern besagter bituminöser Konglomerate;
    - mindestens eine Ladestation (45, 46) einer Straßentransportmaschine (22), besagte Ladestation (45, 46) ist eine Ladestation für besagte bituminöse Konglomerate aus besagter Anlage (21) oder aus besagtem mindestens einem Speichersilo (17);
    gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass besagter Trockner (4) nach einem beliebigen der vorherigen Ansprüche hergestellt wird.
EP15798326.3A 2014-11-18 2015-11-16 Trockner für eine anlage zum herstellen und verteilen von bitumenkonglomeraten Active EP3221517B1 (de)

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CN110199064A (zh) * 2016-12-07 2019-09-03 马林公司 用于生产和分配沥青聚集体的设备

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CN108246200B (zh) 2018-03-24 2023-12-29 福建省铁拓机械股份有限公司 基于双卧轴强制搅拌的连续式沥青混合料生产设备

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US4190370A (en) * 1978-11-24 1980-02-26 Astec Industries, Inc. Asphalt plant with improved temperature control system
WO1988008052A1 (en) * 1987-04-16 1988-10-20 Marini S.P.A. Asphaltic concrete production apparatus

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CN110199064A (zh) * 2016-12-07 2019-09-03 马林公司 用于生产和分配沥青聚集体的设备
CN110199064B (zh) * 2016-12-07 2022-03-22 马林公司 用于生产和分配沥青聚集体的设备

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