EP3218704A1 - RUßSENSOR - Google Patents
RUßSENSORInfo
- Publication number
- EP3218704A1 EP3218704A1 EP15794880.3A EP15794880A EP3218704A1 EP 3218704 A1 EP3218704 A1 EP 3218704A1 EP 15794880 A EP15794880 A EP 15794880A EP 3218704 A1 EP3218704 A1 EP 3218704A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- soot
- soot sensor
- electric field
- field strength
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0656—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
- F01N11/007—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring oxygen or air concentration downstream of the exhaust apparatus
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/60—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrostatic variables, e.g. electrographic flaw testing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/05—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a particulate sensor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0042—Investigating dispersion of solids
- G01N2015/0046—Investigating dispersion of solids in gas, e.g. smoke
Definitions
- soot sensor having a measuring electrode and an outer electrode, wherein the measuring electrode and the outer electrode are electrically isolated from each other ⁇ by an insulation body.
- the reduction of exhaust emissions in motor vehicles is an important goal in the development of new motor vehicles. Therefore, combustion processes in internal combustion engines are thermodynamically optimized, so that the efficiency of the internal combustion ⁇ machine is significantly improved.
- diesel engines are increasingly used, which, with modern design, have a very high efficiency.
- the disadvantage of this combustion technique compared to optimized Otto engines, however, is a significantly increased emissions of soot.
- the soot is particularly carcinogenic due to the addition of polycyclic aromatics, which has already been reacted in various regulations.
- soot sensors are used to measure the currently ejected soot, so the engine management in one
- the soot filter which is also referred to as a diesel particulate filter, may be preceded by a soot sensor and / or a soot sensor connected downstream.
- the upstream of the diesel particulate filter sensor serves to increase the system safety and to ensure an operation of the diesel particulate filter under optimum Bedin ⁇ conditions. Since this depends to a great extent on the amount of soot stored in the diesel particulate filter, it is very important to accurately measure the particulate concentration upstream of the diesel particulate filter system, in particular the determination of a high particulate concentration upstream of the diesel particulate filter.
- a diesel particulate filter downstream soot sensor offers the ability to make an on-board diagnosis and also serves to ensure the correct operation of the exhaust aftertreatment system.
- DE 195 36 705 AI discloses a device for measuring soot particles, wherein an electric field between a flowed through by the gas flow sheath electrode and an inner electrode within this sheath electrode by applying a constant DC electrical voltage is generated and the Charging current to maintain the constant DC voltage between the sheath electrode and inner electrode is measured. Good measurement results are achieved in the context of the disclosure of DE 195 36 705 AI, when a DC voltage of 2000 to 3000 volts is used to generate the electric field.
- a high measuring current between the first electrode and the second electrode can be produced with a comparatively low voltage, is proportional to the number of soot particles in the exhaust gas.
- the first electrode is rod-shaped. This shape allows the production of a very compact soot sensor. Is formed when the second electrode zy ⁇ relieving shaped, a soot sensor can be produced in which the cylindrical second electrode is concentrated ⁇ trisch formed around the rod-shaped first electrode. The resulting soot sensor shows a long service life with a very compact design.
- the elements for concentrating the electric field strength are designed as spiky tips. Spiky tips allow a very high concentration of the electric field, which in a very small space high field strengths can be achieved, which can lead to avalanche-like reinforcements of the charge carriers between the first elec ⁇ trode and the second electrode.
- the elements for concentrating the electric field strength are formed as triangular tips, one can obtain a very durable soot sensor, since the triangular tips are very robust components.
- the elements for concentration of the electric field strength are formed by nanostructuring of the surface of the first electrode and / or the surface of the second electrode, the electric fields and the electric field strengths associated with them can be predestined and modeled particularly well, resulting in a particularly accurate measuring soot sensor leads.
- FIG. 1 shows a soot sensor
- FIG. 2 shows a soot sensor according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the soot sensor according to the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the device known from FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 1 shows a soot sensor 1.
- the soot sensor 1 consists of a first electrode 2, which is arranged in the interior of a second electrode 3. Between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode is the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine, in which soot particles 4 are contained.
- the concentration of the soot particles 4 in the exhaust gas should be measured by the soot sensor. In other words, it can be said that the soot content in the exhaust gas should be determined with the soot sensor.
- a measuring voltage is applied by the voltage supply 6 between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3.
- the first electrode 2 is electrically insulated from the second electrode 3 by means of the insulating body 5.
- the insulating body 5 may be constructed as a disk of a ceramic material.
- an ohmic resistor 7 is connected between the voltage supply and the second electrode 3, which resistor has a high impedance in order to measure the relatively small currents which occur due to the soot particles 4 between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 To be able to form second electrode 3.
- the measurement of these currents is carried out by the current measuring element 8, which is connected to a transmitter 9.
- Such soot sensors 1 are used for on-board diagnosis in motor vehicles with diesel engines.
- FIG. 2 shows a soot sensor 1 according to a first electrode 2 and a second electrode 3.
- the first electrode 2 is electrically insulated from the second electrode 3 by a Iso ⁇ lationspian 5, and between the first electrode 2 and second electrode 3 is a applied electrical voltage, which is generated by the electrical power supply 6.
- the soot sensor 1 according to the invention the concentration of the soot particles 4 in the exhaust gas is to be measured.
- the soot content in the exhaust gas should also be determined with the soot sensor 1 according to the invention.
- Soot particles 4 which are transported in an exhaust gas flow from an internal combustion ⁇ machine through an exhaust pipe, can penetrate into the soot sensor integrated in the exhaust pipe 1.
- the soot particles 4 enter an electric field, which forms due to the applied electrical voltage between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3.
- the first elec trode ⁇ 2 is formed as a rod-shaped threaded rod, wherein the elements 15 are formed to the concentration of the electric field strength by the threads between which triangular tips are formed. At these points, the electric field is concentrated, so that the electric field strength in the area of the tips becomes very high. The large increase in the electric field strength in the area of the peaks can exceed the breakdown field strength of the gas in the area. When exceeding the breakdown field strength of the gas are electrically charged
- FIG. 2 also shows an ohmic resistor 7, which is advantageous in order to be able to measure the electrical current flowing through the evaluation electronics 9, which flows between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3.
- a protective cap 10 can be seen in Figure 2, which serves for the targeted guidance of Ab ⁇ gas flow through the soot sensor 1.
- the exhaust gases can penetrate, for example through a first opening 11 in the soot sensor 1, where between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3, the soot content in the exhaust gas can be measured. Thereafter, the exhaust gas flow through the second opening 12 formed in the second electrode 3 leaves the soot sensor 1 and is returned to the main exhaust gas flow via the third port 13.
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the soot sensor 1 according to the invention.
- the soot sensor 1 is rotationally symmetrical about a central axis 14.
- the first electrode 2 is formed as a rod-shaped electrode.
- the cylindrical second electrode 3 is formed concentrically around the first electrode.
- the second electrode 3 is thus formed as a hollow cylinder.
- the field concentration elements 15 formed on the inner surface of the second electrode 3 are formed here as triangles.
- the tips of the triangles lead to a very high field strength in the area of the tips of the triangles. Due to this high field strength, the breakdown field strength can be exceeded in the exhaust gas, which is due to a lavender-like Impact ionization a high measurement current can be generated, which can be well registered with the evaluation electronics 9.
- FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the soot sensor 1 known from FIG. 3.
- the first electrode 2 is equipped with elements 15 for concentrating the electric field strength, which are designed as spiky tips.
- the second electrode 3 has semicircular elements 15 for concentrating the electric field strength on its inner surface.
- FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the soot sensor 1 according to the invention.
- both the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are designed as rod-shaped elements.
- Both on the first electrode 2 and on the second electrode 3 triangular elements 15 are formed for the concentration of elek- fresh field strength.
- the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are electrically isolated from each other by means of the insulating body 5.
- a protective cap 10 is formed over the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3.
- the protective cap 10 in turn allows via the first opening 11, the second opening 12 and the third opening 13, the inflow of the exhaust gas and the soot particles into the interior of the soot sensor 1 and thus also between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3.
- the second electrode 3 may be formed in the context of the disclosure of Figures 1 to 5 as a hollow cylinder.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014222844.1A DE102014222844B4 (de) | 2014-11-10 | 2014-11-10 | Rußsensor |
PCT/EP2015/076183 WO2016075127A1 (de) | 2014-11-10 | 2015-11-10 | RUßSENSOR |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3218704A1 true EP3218704A1 (de) | 2017-09-20 |
Family
ID=54545112
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15794880.3A Withdrawn EP3218704A1 (de) | 2014-11-10 | 2015-11-10 | RUßSENSOR |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10481066B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3218704A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN107110757A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102014222844B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2016075127A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014222844B4 (de) | 2014-11-10 | 2018-05-09 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Rußsensor |
DE102016213641B4 (de) * | 2016-07-26 | 2023-03-30 | Emisense Technologies Llc | Partikelsensor mit Umlenkelement |
DE102016213637B4 (de) | 2016-07-26 | 2023-09-21 | Emisense Technologies Llc | Partikelsensor mit Schutzelement gegen Verschmutzung |
DE102017209404A1 (de) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrostatische Partikelsensoreinheit mit beheizter Elektrode |
DE102017215790A1 (de) | 2017-09-07 | 2019-03-07 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Partikelsensor mit Schutzelement gegen Verschmutzung |
DE102017215847B3 (de) | 2017-09-08 | 2019-01-31 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Gassensor mit Schaltelement zur Eigendiagnose und Verfahren zur Eigendiagnose eines Gassensors |
JP2020008317A (ja) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-01-16 | 新日本無線株式会社 | イオンセンサ |
Family Cites Families (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE2445004A1 (de) | 1974-09-20 | 1976-04-01 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung des staubgehaltes in stroemenden gasen |
DE19536705A1 (de) | 1995-09-30 | 1997-04-03 | Guenther Prof Dr Ing Hauser | Partikel-Meßverfahren und Vorrichtung |
DE19817402C1 (de) | 1998-04-20 | 1999-09-30 | Logistikzentrum Inst Fuer Mate | Sensoranordnung zur quantitativen Bestimmung von in einem Gasstrom enthaltenen Partikeln |
DE19853841C2 (de) | 1998-11-23 | 2001-04-12 | Victor Gheorghiu | Meßsonde und Meßverfahren zur schnellen Erfassung der Partikelkonzentration in strömenden und ruhenden unbrennbaren Gasen |
DE10128869A1 (de) | 2000-06-21 | 2002-01-03 | Volkswagen Ag | Sensor zur Erfassung eines Verbrennungsparameters |
JP4856950B2 (ja) * | 2003-05-08 | 2012-01-18 | パナソニック株式会社 | 電気スイッチおよびそれを用いた記憶素子 |
US6961603B2 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2005-11-01 | Instrumentarim Corp. | Unitary multi-electrode biopotential signal sensor and method for making same |
US20070253051A1 (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2007-11-01 | Kunihiko Ishihara | Optical Device |
DE102004039647A1 (de) | 2004-08-14 | 2006-02-23 | Günther Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hauser | Russladungssensor |
ATE363067T1 (de) * | 2004-10-04 | 2007-06-15 | Mettler Toledo Ag | Bezugselektrode für potentiometrische messungen und verfahren zu deren überwachung |
DE102004059650B4 (de) * | 2004-12-10 | 2006-09-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Resistive Partikelsensoren mit Messelektroden |
DE102006040351A1 (de) * | 2006-08-29 | 2008-03-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sensor zur resistiven Bestimmung von Konzentrationen leitfähiger Partikel in Gasgemischen |
DE102007033213A1 (de) * | 2007-07-17 | 2009-01-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sensorelement und Sensor zur Detektion von leitfähigen Partikeln in einem Gasstrom sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
WO2009032262A1 (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2009-03-12 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Ceramic particulate matter sensor with low electrical leakage |
US20110003279A1 (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2011-01-06 | Gordhanbhai Nathalal Patel | Monitoring devices and processes based on transformation, destruction and conversion of nanostructures |
DE102009020743A1 (de) * | 2009-05-11 | 2010-12-09 | Heraeus Sensor Technology Gmbh | Fotolithographisch strukturierter Dickschichtsensor |
DE102010030634A1 (de) * | 2010-06-29 | 2011-12-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Partikelsensors |
JP2012012960A (ja) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-19 | Nippon Soken Inc | 粒子状物質検出センサ |
DE102010054671A1 (de) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-06-21 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Rußsensors |
US8875560B2 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2014-11-04 | Caterpillar Inc. | System implementing constituent identification and concentration detection |
AU2011374432B2 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2015-11-12 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Device for controlling internal combustion engine |
CN105452843B (zh) * | 2013-08-14 | 2019-11-26 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 颗粒传感器和用于制造颗粒传感器的方法 |
CA2974938A1 (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2016-02-18 | Formarum Inc. | Water treatment system and method |
DE102014222844B4 (de) | 2014-11-10 | 2018-05-09 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Rußsensor |
-
2014
- 2014-11-10 DE DE102014222844.1A patent/DE102014222844B4/de active Active
-
2015
- 2015-11-10 EP EP15794880.3A patent/EP3218704A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-11-10 WO PCT/EP2015/076183 patent/WO2016075127A1/de active Application Filing
- 2015-11-10 CN CN201580061153.XA patent/CN107110757A/zh active Pending
- 2015-11-10 US US15/525,692 patent/US10481066B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO2016075127A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102014222844A1 (de) | 2016-05-12 |
CN107110757A (zh) | 2017-08-29 |
WO2016075127A1 (de) | 2016-05-19 |
US10481066B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 |
US20170315043A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
DE102014222844B4 (de) | 2018-05-09 |
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Inventor name: EBERL-NEUMAIER, PATRICK Inventor name: WAHA, ALEXANDER Inventor name: REISS, SEBASTIAN Inventor name: GARNEYER, ECKART |
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Owner name: CONTINENTAL AUTOMOTIVE GMBH |
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