EP3205801A1 - Vehicle door drive device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle door drive device (6) with a longitudinal actuator (46), which brings about a longitudinal movement of a vehicle door (4). Via a conversion gear (48), the longitudinal movement of the vehicle door (4) is converted into a transverse movement of the vehicle door. According to the invention, a spindle drive (21) is used for the conversion gear (48), in which a spindle nut (22) is held against rotation on the vehicle door (4) while a spindle shaft (23) is rotatably mounted. The spindle drive (21) converts a longitudinal movement of the vehicle door (4) into a rotational movement of the spindle shaft (23), which is converted via a toggle lever drive (41) into a transverse movement of a carriage (12). The invention finds particular use for vehicle doors of a bus or rail vehicle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a vehicle door drive device for a vehicle door, for example, an omnibus or a rail vehicle, which may be a single door or a double door. In this case, the vehicle door is moved with a longitudinal movement (in particular parallel to the vehicle longitudinal axis) in order to release a door opening, for example, for getting in and out of passengers. On the one hand ensures that in a closed position of the vehicle door, the vehicle door can be arranged largely flush with the outer contour of the vehicle, but on the other hand, the opening movement is possible with a passing of the vehicle door on the outer contour of the vehicle, the longitudinal movement of the vehicle door is superimposed by a transverse movement the vehicle door, in particular laterally to the vehicle longitudinal axis, and / or a change in a pivot angle of the vehicle door about a vehicle vertical axis.

STATE OF THE ART

The publication EP 2 184 431 A1 discloses a vehicle door drive device in which the vehicle door is guided longitudinally displaceably on a support rod and is movable in the longitudinal direction via a pneumatic actuating cylinder. The support rod is held at the end on guide carriages, which in turn are displaceably mounted on carriers oriented in the vehicle transverse direction. To generate a transverse movement of the vehicle door, a transverse movement of the carriages and thus also the support bar and the vehicle door fastened thereto is brought about by means of a further pneumatic actuating cylinder. The further pneumatic actuating cylinder directly drives a carriage via a pivotable about a vehicle vertical axis rocker. The rocker is coupled via a coupling rod with the other carriage associated, also pivotable about a vertical axis of the vehicle swing arm, so that both carriages together from the other pneumatic Adjusting cylinder can be moved. For the coordination of the longitudinal movement and the transverse movement, a coordinated control of the two pneumatic actuating cylinder is required.

Also according to the document DE 10 2013 100 004 B3 a guide rod for the vehicle door is held at the ends on slides, which are displaceable for generating a transverse movement with respect to carriers. The guide rod in this case forms an annular piston, which is accommodated in a cylinder housing which is moved relative to the guide rod and the annular piston and on which the vehicle door is held. The longitudinal actuator for generating the longitudinal movement of the vehicle door is thus formed here as a fluidic actuator with the stationary annular piston and the moving cylinder housing. On both sides of the annular piston oppositely acting pressure chambers are formed for this purpose. By controlling the fluidic loading of the pressure chambers, thereby extending through the guide rod control channels, the longitudinal movement of the cylinder housing and thus the Anlenkpunkts the vehicle door to the cylinder housing can be controlled. For the generation of the transverse movement no additional actuator is used. Rather, here the carriages are articulated for guiding the transverse movement via a toggle mechanism to a vehicle-mounted carrying device. The pivot axes of the toggle mechanism are oriented in the direction of the vehicle vertical axis. The operation of the toggle mechanism via a coupling rod. The coupling rod is articulated in an end region on a toggle lever of the toggle mechanism. The coupling rod is oriented parallel to the guide rod. In the other end region, the coupling rod extends through a bore of a driver formed by an extension of the cylinder housing. For movement areas of the vehicle door, in which only a longitudinal movement, the coupling rod slides through the bore of the driver. Thus, in this range of movement of the vehicle door no drive of the toggle mechanism and the transverse position of the guide rod is not changed. In another range of movement of the vehicle door, in particular in the surrounding area of the closed position, an end-side shoulder of the coupling rod comes to bear against the driver. As a result of this contact then leads the further movement of the cylinder housing for actuating the toggle mechanism. The operation of the toggle mechanism causes the transverse movement of the vehicle door. For a pure longitudinal movement of the vehicle door thus the toggle mechanism is not coupled with the movement of the cylinder housing, whereas to generate the lateral closing and opening movement via the driver a kinematic coupling of the movement of the vehicle door in the longitudinal direction and the movement takes place in the transverse direction.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The invention has for its object to provide a vehicle door drive device with alternative or improved ways to generate the transverse movement of the vehicle door.

SOLUTION

The object of the invention is achieved with the features of the independent claim. Further preferred embodiments according to the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The vehicle door drive device according to the invention has a holding and / or guide element on which (directly or indirectly) the vehicle door is held and / or guided. Furthermore, a longitudinal actuator of any design is present in the vehicle door drive device, which (directly or indirectly) generates a longitudinal movement of the holding and / or guide element. It is possible, for example, that such a longitudinal actuator is designed as in the document DE 10 2013 100 004 B3 or in the non-prepublished patent application EP 15 157 646.9-1607 is described. Furthermore, the vehicle door driving device has a conversion gear. The conversion gear is used to convert a longitudinal movement of the holding and / or guide element in a transverse movement of the holding and / or guide element.

According to the invention, the conversion gear has a spindle drive. Such a spindle drive further kinematic connections or getriebliche connections before, nach- or be sibling. The spindle drive has a first spindle drive element and a second spindle drive element. While the first spindle drive element is moved with the holding and / or guide element in the longitudinal direction, the second spindle drive element is not moved in the longitudinal direction with the holding and / or guide element. Rather, that will second spindle drive element in dependence on the longitudinal movement of the holding and / or guide member relative to the first spindle drive element rotated. Depending on the design of the spindle drive then different drive characteristics in the conversion gear and thus between the adjusting stroke of the Längsaktuators and the transverse path of the vehicle door can be brought about. It is also possible that changing gear ratios between the longitudinal movement and the transverse movement are predetermined by the spindle drive via the adjusting stroke of the longitudinal actuator. It is also possible, for example, that, starting from a closed position of the vehicle door with the actuation of the longitudinal actuator, a transverse movement of the same initially occurs with the longitudinal movement of the holding and / or guiding element, whereby the vehicle door is initially opened in the transverse direction. Subsequently, the longitudinal actuator brings about a longitudinal movement of the holding and / or guiding element without simultaneous transverse movement, during which the door opening is enlarged. Finally, at the end of the opening movement, a transverse movement can again be associated with the longitudinal movement, which is then oriented in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis or the outer surface of the vehicle, with which the vehicle door is again approximated to the outer surface of the vehicle and thus results in an open position. in which the vehicle door does not protrude far from the outer surface of the vehicle.

The induced by the spindle drive rotational movement of the second spindle drive element is used to generate the required transverse movement. This can be done in many different ways. Thus, for example, the rotational movement of the second spindle drive element can be transmitted via a gear fixedly connected to the second spindle drive element. In this case, the toothed wheel can mesh with at least one further toothed wheel or drive a toothed rack, which is oriented in the transverse direction and, for example, is supported by a slide. For one embodiment of the invention, the conversion gear on a rocker. The rocker is driven by the second spindle drive element. Here, the rocker is pivotable about a pivot axis, which is oriented in the direction of the longitudinal axis. The rocker determines the transverse position of the holding and / or guide element. Without this being absolutely the case, the rocker may be directly connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the second spindle drive element, so that the angle of rotation of the rocker corresponds to the angle of rotation of the second spindle drive element. Depending on the length of the rocker and the selected leverage ratios, any transmission of the rotational movement of the rocker to the (directly or indirectly) hinged on the rocker holding and / or guide element can then take place.

Preferably, the first spindle drive element is designed as a spindle nut which is held in particular rotationally fixed to the holding and / or guide element. On the other hand, the second spindle drive element may be formed as a spindle shaft, which is in particular rotatably connected to the rocker. A further embodiment of the invention proposes that the spindle shaft is formed with at least one spindle groove, preferably two spindle grooves arranged on opposite sides of the spindle shaft. Depending on the course of the spindle groove can then be given the specification of the varying over the longitudinal movement translation of the conversion gear for the conversion of the longitudinal movement of the holding and / or guide element in the transverse movement. Here, any gradients of the spindle groove of the spindle shaft are possible, as long as at least a portion of the spindle groove is wound around the spindle shaft.

For a particular proposal of the invention, the spindle groove on a wound around a spindle axis spindle groove section. If the spindle nut is located in this spindle groove section, a conversion of the longitudinal movement into the transverse movement takes place, depending on the angle of inclination or the pitch of the spindle groove in this spindle groove section. Another spindle groove section is oriented parallel to the spindle axis, with the result that in this spindle groove section a longitudinal movement does not lead to a transverse movement, so that the transverse position of the holding and / or guide element remains unchanged in the region of this other spindle groove section ,

• lediglich eine Spindelnut, lediglich ein gewundener Spindelnut-Abschnitt und ein parallel zur Spindelachse orientierter Spindelnut-Abschnitt vorhanden sind,
• mehrere Spindelnuten an der Spindelwelle vorgesehen sind und/oder
• mehrere um die Spindelachse gewundene Spindelnut-Abschnitte und/oder mehrere parallel zur Spindelachse orientierte Spindelnut-Abschnitte vorhanden sind.

The invention in this case comprises embodiments in which

• there is only one spindle groove, only one coiled spindle groove section and one spindle groove section oriented parallel to the spindle axis,
• a plurality of spindle grooves are provided on the spindle shaft and / or
• a plurality of spindle spindle sections wound around the spindle axis and / or a plurality of spindle groove sections oriented parallel to the spindle axis are present.

The configuration of the spindle nut can be arbitrary. For a proposal of the invention, the spindle nut is formed with a driver. The driver engages in the spindle groove, in order to bring about the coupling effect between the spindle shaft and spindle nut. The transmission of the momentum causing the pivoting of the spindle shaft takes place here in the area of the contact surface between the driver and a groove wall of the spindle groove.

The formation of a relative movement enabling contact between the driver and spindle groove can be arbitrary. So here, for example, a sliding solid state contact can be used. For selectively influencing the contact forces, reducing the friction and / or increasing the fatigue strength of the driver may have at least one rolling element. The rolling element can roll on a groove wall of the spindle groove. For example, the rolling element may be designed as a sliding sleeve rotating about a peg-shaped driver, the outer surface of which rolls on the groove wall of the spindle groove. It is also possible that a cylindrical roller bearing is used between a peg-shaped driver and the spindle groove.

It is quite possible that the spindle nut and / or the driver are completely fixed to the holding and / or guide element / is. For a further embodiment of the vehicle door drive device, the spindle nut or the driver is non-rotatably held about the spindle axis (and in particular free of play with regard to the transmission of the rotational movement) on the holding and / or guide element. On the other hand, the spindle nut of the driver has at least one degree of freedom or play relative to the holding and / or guide element. As a result, under certain circumstances, the assembly of the spindle nut and / or the driver can be simplified to the holding and / or guide element. It is also possible that by this measure manufacturing tolerances can be reduced and / or additional mechanical stress on the components can be avoided.

As explained above, the further transmission of the rotation of the rocker to the generation of the transverse movement can be done in any way. For an embodiment of the invention, the rocker is a toggle of a toggle lever drive. Such a toggle lever drive sets in a simple manner a rotational movement of the rocker, namely the first toggle lever, in a translational movement, which can be used here for bringing about the transverse movement. Here, the extent of the translational movement of the change in the distance between the two opposing bearings of the two toggle lever of the toggle lever drive corresponds. Thus, if the toggle lever forming the rocker is fixedly connected to the spindle shaft and coupled to the knee joint end portion of the other toggle lever (directly or indirectly) coupled to a carriage for generating the transverse movement of the holding and / or guide element, can be brought about the knee lever drive the transverse movement become. Here, a dependent of the knee angle of the toggle lever gear ratio can be used advantageously for the vehicle door drive device. So For example, according to the kinematics of the toggle lever drive, the opening speed in the transverse direction can be varied, even if the spindle shaft were driven by the longitudinal actuator at a constant speed. To name only a non-limiting example, from the closed position of the vehicle door, initially with a knee angle of about 0 °, a small translation of the rotational movement of the rocker to a transverse movement, while for a knee angle of 90 °, a large translation is effective, so that After initially slow transverse movement results in a faster transverse movement. The corresponding applies to the approach to a possible extended position of the toggle lever drive.

For the use of a toggle lever mechanism results in the kinematics and the translation of the conversion gear from the cumulative overlay one hand, the translation of the spindle drive and on the other hand, the translation of the toggle lever drive.

It may be advantageous if the toggle lever drive has a self-locking closed position. In this way, under certain circumstances even without applying additional holding forces by the longitudinal actuator and / or without additional locking, a once brought about closed position of the vehicle door can be maintained, which also applies when acting during driving oscillating wind forces on the vehicle door or stationary vehicle or moving vehicle of passengers or persons in the vicinity of the vehicle opening forces are exerted on the vehicle door. However, it is also possible that, in addition to the self-locking of the closed position, another alternative or redundant securing of the closed position takes place, in particular by shutting off the pressure chambers of a longitudinal actuator designed as a hydraulic cylinder and / or an additional latching and / or locking device of the vehicle door drive device.

In principle, any knee angles of the toggle lever drive can be traversed during the adjusting stroke of the longitudinal actuator and during the transverse movement of the vehicle door. For an inventive embodiment, the toggle lever drive is in the maximum open transverse position at a maximum knee angle. With a transverse movement of the holding and / or guide element inward, ie in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis, then reduces the knee angle. For this embodiment of the invention, the reduction of the knee angle on the way to the closed position over a knee angle of 0 ° beyond (slightly, for example. -1 ° to -15 °, -2 ° to -10 ° or -3 ° to -7 ° ) to a minimum knee angle. With the attainment of this minimum knee angle is a toggle of the toggle lever drive, preferably the toggle not trained by the rocker, at a stop. A further pivoting in a direction away from the knee angle of 0 ° is thus prevented by the stop. But act opening forces on the vehicle door or the holding and / or guide element, they can not cause the toggle lever drive moves back in the opening direction, since the minimum knee angle is less than zero. In this way, a self-locking occurs in the closed position. While in the closed position by applying actuating forces on the vehicle door no transverse movement can be brought about, the illustrated closed position can be quite left when the Längsaktuator is actuated, which then via the conversion gear with the spindle drive an increase in the knee angle of the minimum knee angle on the knee angle of Zero in the direction of the maximum knee angle causes.

Preferably, in the event that an emergency opening of the vehicle door should also be possible without a drive of the Längsaktuators, a vehicle door drive device according to the invention is proposed, in which an emergency opening device is present. For an embodiment of the invention, the emergency opening device is powered by the longitudinal actuator with energy, which is motion-controlled by the movement of the holding and / or guide element in the closed position by the actuator. Thus, the emergency opening device can be designed as a "passive device" without its own energy source and possibly also without electronic control device for the release of energy. In an emergency opening operating situation, the emergency opening device can then cause an opening movement of the holding and / or guide element, during which the previously described self-locking closed position can be left. Under certain circumstances, for manual actuation of the emergency opening device, the longitudinal actuator can also be transferred into a multi-stable position, in which oppositely acting hydraulic pressure chambers are short-circuited. It is also possible that the emergency opening device has a spring-loaded actuating cylinder, which can be additionally pneumatically controlled. With the movement of the holding and / or guide element in the closed position, the spring can then be tensioned, which then (without opposite pneumatic impingement) can bring about the opening movement of the holding and / or guide element in the emergency opening operating situation.

Advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the claims, the description and the drawings. The advantages of features mentioned in the description and combinations of several features are merely exemplary and may be effective alternatively or cumulatively, without the advantages of compelling embodiments of the invention. Without thereby altering the subject matter of the appended claims, as regards the disclosure of the original application documents and the patent, further features can be found in the drawings, in particular the illustrated geometries and the relative dimensions of several components and their relative arrangement and operative connection. The combination of features of different embodiments of the invention or of features of different claims is also possible deviating from the chosen relationships of the claims and is hereby stimulated. This also applies to those features which are shown in separate drawings or are mentioned in their description. These features can also be combined with features of different claims. Likewise, in the claims listed features for further embodiments of the invention can be omitted.

The features mentioned in the patent claims and the description are to be understood in terms of their number that exactly this number or a greater number than the said number is present, without requiring an explicit use of the adverb "at least". For example, when talking about an element, it should be understood that there is exactly one element, two elements or more elements. These features may be supplemented by other features or be the only characteristics that make up the product in question.

The reference numerals contained in the claims do not limit the scope of the objects protected by the claims. They are for the sole purpose of making the claims easier to understand.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Fig. 1

zeigt in einer räumlichen Darstellung eine Fahrzeugtür-Antriebseinrichtung, hier mit zwei gegenläufig bewegbaren Fahrzeugtüren, in einer Schließstellung.

Fig. 2

zeigt ein Detail II der Fahrzeugtür-Antriebseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 in der Schließstellung.

Fig. 3

zeigt in einer Vorderansicht die Fahrzeugtür-Antriebseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 in der Schließstellung.

Fig. 4

zeigt in einer Vorderansicht die Fahrzeugtür-Antriebseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 bis 3, hier aber in einer Öffnungsstellung.

Fig. 5

zeigt ein in Fig. 2 gekennzeichnetes Detail V der Fahrzeugtür-Antriebseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 bis 4 in der Schließstellung.

Fig. 6

zeigt ein Detail eines Querschnitts der Fahrzeugtür-Antriebseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 bis 5 bei Schnittführung VI-VI gemäß Fig. 5.

Fig. 7

zeigt ein in Fig. 6 gekennzeichnetes Detail VII eines Querschnitts der Fahrzeugtür-Antriebseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 bis 6.

In the following the invention will be further explained and described with reference to preferred embodiments shown in the figures.

Fig. 1

shows in a three-dimensional representation of a vehicle door drive device, here with two counter-rotating vehicle doors, in a closed position.

Fig. 2

shows a detail II of the vehicle door drive device according to Fig. 1 in the closed position.

Fig. 3

shows in a front view of the vehicle door drive device according to Fig. 1 and 2 in the closed position.

Fig. 4

shows in a front view of the vehicle door drive device according to Fig. 1 to 3 , but here in an open position.

Fig. 5

shows an in Fig. 2 marked detail V of the vehicle door drive device according to Fig. 1 to 4 in the closed position.

Fig. 6

shows a detail of a cross section of the vehicle door drive device according to Fig. 1 to 5 when cutting VI-VI according to Fig. 5 ,

Fig. 7

shows an in Fig. 6 marked detail VII of a cross section of the vehicle door drive device according to Fig. 1 to 6 ,

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Fig. 1 2 shows a door system 1 with a supporting and / or guiding device 2 held on a vehicle frame in the surrounding area of a door opening or a door frame of a bus or coach. To simplify the illustration, only an angle-shaped retaining device 3 is shown by the support and / or guide device 2, while other components of the support and / or guide device 2 such as guide rails u. Ä. Are not shown for the vehicle door.

For the illustrated embodiment, the door system 1 has two vehicle doors 4, 5. The two vehicle doors 4, 5 can be opened and closed in opposite directions without necessarily the two vehicle doors 4, 5 must be opened and / or closed together or mandatory two vehicle doors in the door system 1 must be present.

For simplification, a vehicle door drive device 6 according to the invention will be described below exclusively in connection with the vehicle door 4, while the corresponding applies to the other vehicle door 5 of the door system 1. A vehicle such as a bus or rail vehicle may be equipped with a plurality of such door systems 1.

In the figures, a longitudinal axis 7 denotes a longitudinal direction, which is preferably oriented parallel to the vehicle longitudinal axis. A transverse axis 8 corresponds to a transverse direction, which is oriented in particular transversely to the vehicle longitudinal axis. A vertical axis 9 denotes a vehicle vertical axis. The vehicle door 4 extends (at least in the in Fig. 1 effective closed position) in the plane defined by the longitudinal axis 7 and the vertical axis 9. For the opening of the vehicle door 4, a movement of the same from the other vehicle door 5 away in the direction of the longitudinal axis 7 is required to form between the vehicle doors 4, 5 a (increasing to the formation of an entrance and / or exit opening) gap. For a reverse movement in the direction of the longitudinal axis 7 takes place a closing movement of the vehicle door 4. Superimposed this opening or closing movement is an opening movement in the direction of the transverse axis 8 and a thereto opposing closing movement. This transverse movement preferably occurs at the beginning of the opening movement of the vehicle door 4 along the longitudinal axis 7 and at the end of the closing movement of the vehicle door 4.

The vehicle door 4 is supported, held and / or guided via the vehicle door drive device 6 on the support and / or guide device 2. The vehicle door drive device 6 has a guide rod 10, 11 for the vehicle doors 4, 5. The guide rods 10, 11 are oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis 7. In their end regions, the guide rods 10, 11 are each mounted together on a carriage 12, 13. The carriages 12, 13 are guided over transverse guide rods 14 oriented in the direction of the transverse axis 8 such that a transverse movement of the carriages 12, 13 and thus of the guide rods 10, 11 in the direction of the transverse axis 8 is possible. About balancing devices 15, 16 is an orientation of the transverse guide rods 14 both during assembly and under certain circumstances a certain compensating movement of the transverse guide rods 14, for which the orientation of the transverse guide rods 14 may differ slightly from the transverse axis 8, possible. This compensating movement may be required in particular when the vehicle doors 4, 5 and the carriages 12, 13 are not moved together, which may result in a small change in the angle of the guide rods 10, 11 with respect to the longitudinal axis. The carriages 12, 13 with the Transverse guide rods 14 each form a transverse guide device 17 for the guide rods 10, 11th

The guide rods 10, 11 each carry a not visible here annular piston. The cylinder housing 18 is displaceable relative to the guide rod 10 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 7 and defines in its interior on both sides of the annular piston hydraulic pressure chambers whose volume varies depending on the displacement along the Longitudinal axis 8 changed. By hydraulic loading of the pressure chambers by hydraulic channels, which can run through the guide rod 10, a displacement of the cylinder housing 18 along the longitudinal axis 7 can be controlled. The cylinder housing 18 forms a holding and / or guide element 19 or a holding and / or guide element 19 is held on the cylinder housing 18 (directly or indirectly). The holding and / or guide element 19 is fastened via a support arm 20 to an upper end region of the vehicle door 4. With the guide rod 10 and the annular piston and the cylinder housing 18, a longitudinal guide device 20 is formed.

For the opening of the vehicle door 4 from the closed position according to Fig. 1 first, a simultaneous movement takes place along the longitudinal guide device 20 and the transverse guide device 17. With regard to further details about the transverse guide device 17 and / or longitudinal guide device 20, in particular to the structural components and their operative connections, to the interaction between the transverse guide rods 14 and the carriages 12, 13, the operation of the compensating means 15, 16, the interaction of the cylinder housing 18 with the annular piston and the guide rod 10 and the hydraulic loading of the pressure chamber formed in the cylinder housing 18 and the hydraulic control circuit is to the document DE 10 2013 100 003 A1 The disclosure of which is the subject of the present patent application.

Between the longitudinal guide device 20 and the transverse guide device 17, a spindle drive 21 acts as follows: A spindle nut 22 of the spindle drive 21 is held at least rotationally fixed about the longitudinal axis 7 on the holding and / or guide element 19. A spindle shaft 23 of the spindle drive 21 is oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis 7 and extends through a through-passage 24 of the spindle nut 22. The spindle shaft 23 has two spindle grooves 25, 26 arranged on opposite sides, which laterally extend through groove walls 50 are limited. In a spindle groove section 27, the spindle grooves 25, 26 wind at a constant or varying pitch about a spindle axis of the spindle shaft 23. On the other hand, the spindle grooves 25, 26 in a spindle groove section 28 are parallel to a spindle axis of the spindle shaft 23 and parallel to Longitudinal axis 7 oriented, so that here the spindle grooves 25, 26 do not wind around the spindle shaft 23. As in particular from Fig. 6 it can be seen, the spindle nut 22 driver 29, 30. The drivers 29, 30 each engage on opposite sides in an associated spindle groove 25, 26 a. A movement of the holding and / or guide member 19 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 7 due to the hydraulic loading of the longitudinal guide device 20 or the Längsaktuators has in the spindle groove portion 27 with the result that according to the winding winding of the spindle shaft 23 with the spindle grooves 25, 26 the Driver 29, 30 rotate the spindle shaft 23 about its spindle axis. The interaction between the spindle nut 22 and the spindle shaft 23 thus has the consequence that in the spindle groove portion 27, a translational movement of the holding and / or guide member 19 is converted into a rotational movement of the spindle shaft 23. For the illustrated embodiment, the driver 29 30 each pin 31, 32, on which a rolling body 33, 34, here a sliding sleeve 35, 36, is rotatably mounted. The rolling elements 33, 34 roll on the groove walls 50 of the spindle grooves 25, 26. The spindle shaft 23 is rotatably mounted in an end region in the associated carriage 12. For the illustrated embodiment, the other end portion of the spindle shaft 23 is rotatably connected to the spindle shaft, which is associated with the guide rod 11 and the other vehicle door 5, connected (see. Fig. 5 ). It is possible, for example, here that a pin oriented in the direction of the spindle axis of the spindle shaft 23 is received to form a sliding guide in a correspondingly dimensioned frontal bore of the other spindle shaft. For this embodiment, the two spindle shafts associated with the vehicle doors can thus be moved relative to one another, which is necessary if the two vehicle doors are to be moved independently of one another. If this is not the case, a continuous spindle shaft can be used, which then specifies the transverse movement for both vehicle doors.

A projecting out of the carriage 12 end portion of the spindle shaft 23 is rotatably connected to a rocker 37, which forms a first toggle lever 38. Thus, the toggle lever 38 pivots with the rotational movement of the spindle shaft 23 about a pivot axis oriented in the direction of the longitudinal axis 7. About a knee joint 39 of the toggle lever 38 is connected to another knee lever 40. The knee joint 39 facing away from the end portion of the toggle lever 40th is in turn articulated to the transverse guide rod 14, so that this point of articulation can also be moved (slightly) via the compensation device 16. The knee lever 38, 40 and the knee joint 39 form a toggle lever drive 41, the pivot axes are oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis 7.

The operation of the vehicle door drive device 6 is as follows:

Fig. 3 shows the vehicle door drive device 6 in the closed position in which the vehicle door 4 is pressed against a door frame and is maximally approximated in the direction of the vehicle door 5. In this closed position, the toggle levers 38, 40 form a minimum knee angle 42a which is slightly smaller than 0 ° (for example in the range of -5 ° to -10 °). A further reduction of the knee angle 42 in the direction of an even smaller knee angle is not possible because the toggle lever 40 abuts in this direction on a stop 43. For the illustrated embodiment, the toggle lever 40 is formed cranked and the stopper 43 is formed by an extension 44 of the spindle shaft 23 or at least arranged coaxially to the spindle shaft 23. An actuation force which acts on the vehicle door 4 in the opening direction can not lead to an increase in the knee angle 42 as a result of the minimum knee angle 42a lying slightly below 0 °. Rather, the actuating force has the consequence that the contact pressure of the toggle lever 40 is reinforced to the stop 43. In the Fig. 3 illustrated operating position of the toggle lever drive 41 thus represents a self-locking closed position, in which the vehicle door 4 is secured against unintentional or unauthorized opening.

Is from the closed position according to Fig. 3 As a result of the hydraulic actuation of the cylinder housing 18, the holding and / or guide element 19 moves, the engagement of the drivers 29, 30 in the spindle grooves 25, 26 in the spindle groove section 27 results in that the spindle shaft 23 is rotated. This in turn means that starting from Fig. 3 the minimum knee angle 42a is increased beyond a dead center angle of 0 °, with the toggle lever 38 being rotated counterclockwise. If the drivers 29, 30 reach the transition region between the spindle groove sections 27, 28, the knee angle 42 has reached a maximum knee angle 42b which for the exemplary embodiment corresponds almost to the extended position of the toggle lever drive 41, preferably with a maximum knee angle 42b of 160 to 178 ° , For a simplified consideration, assume that in the closed position according to Fig. 3 the knee angle 42 is about 0 °, while in the open position according to Fig. 4 the knee angle 42 is 180 °, this operation of the toggle lever 41 is associated with a displacement of the carriage 12, which roughly corresponds to twice the length of the toggle lever 38 (which may possibly an inclination of the two toggle lever in the above positions relative to the axis of movement of the carriage 12 is taken into account and additionally deviating knee angle 42 in the opening - and closed position are to be considered).

For a subsequent further movement of the holding and / or guide element 19 as a result of the controlled hydraulic actuation of the cylinder housing 18, the drivers 29, 30 move in the spindle groove section 28, which then leads to no further rotation of the spindle shaft 23, so that Also, the toggle lever 41 does not change its knee angle 42 and the carriage 12 does not change its position in the direction of the transverse axis 8.

Depending on the design of the course of the spindle groove 25, 26, any kinematics for the transmission characteristic of the longitudinal movement of the holding and / or guide element 19 to the rotational movement of the spindle shaft 23 and thus the transverse movement can be specified constructively.

In the event that the vehicle door drive device 6 in connection with a double door according to Fig. 1 is used, the simultaneous application of the two vehicle doors 4, 5 associated hydraulic cylinders can take place. With a corresponding configuration of the spindle drives for the two vehicle doors 4, 5 then takes place a common movement of the vehicle doors 4, 5 both in the transverse direction 8 and in the longitudinal direction 7. It is also possible that only a single control of a hydraulic cylinder of a vehicle door 4 takes place while the hydraulic cylinder of the other vehicle door 5 is not actuated to bring about a displacement in the direction of the longitudinal axis 7. In this case, slightly changes the orientation of the guide rods 10, 11 relative to the longitudinal axis 7 with a pivoting thereof about the vertical axis 9, with the result that the vehicle door 4 can be moved laterally past the vehicle frame, without the simultaneous opening of the vehicle door 5 is mandatory. For further details in this regard is on the publication DE 10 2013 100 004 B3 directed.

It is also possible that in the spindle groove section 27, the movement of the holding and / or guide member 19 along the longitudinal axis 7 via the drivers 29, 30, the spindle grooves 25, 26, the toggle lever drive 41 and the carriage 12 is coupled via a suitable drive connection with a rotary movement of a rotary column 45, to which in another known manner another articulation point of the vehicle door 4 is articulated.

The cylinder housing 18 forms with the annular piston, the guide rod 10 and the pressure chambers a longitudinal actuator 46, which is designed as a double-acting hydraulic cylinder with quiescent annular piston and moving cylinder housing.

A conversion gear 48, which converts a longitudinal movement of the holding and / or guide element 19 into a transverse movement of the holding and / or guide element 19, has, on the one hand, the spindle drive 21 and, on the other hand, the toggle lever drive 41.

In the context of the invention is meant as a "direction of a ... axis" parallel to the said axis or coaxial direction. In view of the complex degrees of freedom of movement of the components involved here, for which a movement, for example along the longitudinal axis 7, can also result in an inclination of the guide rods 10, 11 and / or the vehicle doors 4, 5 with a rotation about the vertical axis 9, a " Direction of the longitudinal axis "or a" longitudinal movement "not only a direction which is oriented exactly in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis, but also slightly inclined thereto according to the kinematics of the door system 1 directions.

Optionally, the vehicle door drive device 6 can have an emergency opening device 49 (cf. Fig. 1 ) respectively. For the illustrated embodiment, the emergency opening device 49 is formed as a spring cylinder. With approach of the cylinder housing 18 to the closed position, this acts on the emergency opening device 49, so that with increasing movement in the direction of the closed position, the spring of the emergency opening device 49 is tensioned. If an emergency opening device of the door system 1 is actuated, for which the pressure chambers of the hydraulic cylinder 47 are short-circuited, the spring of the emergency opening device 49 can move the cylinder housing 18 out of the closed position, whereby the spring of the emergency opening device 49 can move fluid from a pressure chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 47 into the pushes another pressure chamber. Despite the self-locking action of the toggle lever drive 41, an opening of the vehicle door 4 can thus be made at least so far for such an emergency opening operation that a gap results between the vehicle doors 4, 5. It is then possible to intervene by hand in this gap and then manually raise the vehicle door 4. It is possible that the emergency opening device 49 is formed with a pneumatically acted spring piston, so that in addition can be acted pneumatically on the emergency opening device 49.

In Fig. 2 It can be seen that for the rotationally fixed connection between the holding and / or guide element 19 and the spindle nut 22, the holding and / or guide element 19 has an oriented in the direction of the vertical axis 9 guide slot. The spindle nut 22 has a T-shaped outer contour when viewed in the direction of the vertical axis, wherein the through-hole 24 is arranged in the region of the vertical leg of the T. The transverse leg of the T is accommodated in the guide groove 19 formed by the holding and / or guide element. The engagement of the transverse leg of the T in the guide groove ensures the non-rotatable connection between the spindle nut 22 and the holding and / or guide element 19 with respect to a rotation about the longitudinal axis 7. It is possible that by a play in this connection further degrees of freedom in the connection between the spindle nut 22 and the holding and / or guide element 19 are not hindered. Preferably, the spindle nut 22 is inserted only from above into the guide groove of the holding and / or guide element 19, without an additional securing such as. A screw connection between the spindle nut 22 and holding and / or guide member 19 takes place.

It is possible that the holding and / or guide element 19 relative to the associated guide rod 10, 11 has a rotational degree of freedom about the longitudinal axis of the guide rod 10, 11. This degree of freedom can be used for an additional tolerance compensation. Possibly also takes place a certain inclination of the vehicle door 4, 5 taking advantage of this degree of freedom, which can be done, for example, to bring an attached to the vehicle door exterior lighting effect.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

door system

2

Support and / or guide device

3

holder

4

vehicle door

5

vehicle door

6

Vehicle door driving device

7

longitudinal axis

8th

transverse axis

9

vertical axis

10

guide rod

11

guide rod

12

carriage

13

carriage

14

Cross guide rod

15

balancer

16

balancer

17

Lateral guidance device

18

cylinder housing

19

Holding and / or guide element

20

Longitudinal guide device

21

spindle drive

22

spindle nut

23

spindle shaft

24

through recess

25

spindle groove

26

spindle groove

27

Spindle groove section (wound)

28

Spindle groove section (not wound)

29

takeaway

30

takeaway

31

spigot

32

spigot

33

rolling elements

34

rolling elements

35

sliding sleeve

36

sliding sleeve

37

wing

38

toggle

39

knee

40

toggle

41

Knee lever drive

42

knee angle

43

attack

44

extension

45

rotating column

46

Längsaktuator

47

hydraulic cylinders

48

conversion gear

49

emergency opening

50

groove wall

Claims (12)

Vehicle door drive device (6) with a) a holding and / or guide element (19) for a vehicle door (4), b) a longitudinal actuator (46) which generates a longitudinal movement of the holding and / or guide element (19), c) a conversion gear (48) which converts the longitudinal movement of the holding and / or guide element (19) into a transverse movement,
characterized in that d) the conversion gear (48) has a spindle drive (21) da) one with the holding and / or guide element (19) in the longitudinal direction moving first spindle drive element and db) a second spindle drive element which is rotated in dependence on the longitudinal movement of the holding and / or guide element (19) relative to the first spindle drive element, having. Vehicle door drive device (6) according to claim 1, characterized in that a) the conversion gear (48) has a rocker (37) which is in drive connection with the second spindle drive element, b) the rocker (37) is pivotable about a pivot axis which is oriented in the direction of a longitudinal axis (7), and c) the rocker (37) defines a position of the holding and / or guide element (19) in the direction of a transverse axis (8). Vehicle door drive device (6) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first spindle drive element is designed as a spindle nut (22) and the second spindle drive element is designed as a spindle shaft (23). Vehicle door drive device (6) according to claim 3, characterized in that the spindle shaft (23) with at least one spindle groove (25, 26) is formed. Vehicle door drive device (6) according to claim 4, characterized in that the spindle groove (25, 26) a) a wound around a spindle axis spindle groove portion (27) and b) has a parallel to the spindle axis oriented spindle groove portion (28). Vehicle door drive device (6) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the spindle nut (22) with a driver (29, 30) is formed, which engages in the spindle groove (25, 26). Vehicle door drive device (6) according to claim 6, characterized in that the driver (29, 30) has a rolling body (33, 34) which rolls on a groove wall (50) of the spindle groove (25, 26). Vehicle door drive device (6) according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the spindle nut (22) and / or the driver (29, 30) a) rotationally fixed about the spindle axis and b) with at least one degree of freedom or play is held on the holding and / or guide element (19). Vehicle door drive device (6) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rocker (37) forms a toggle lever (38) of a toggle lever drive (41). Vehicle door drive device (6) according to claim 9, characterized in that the toggle lever drive (41) has a self-locking closed position. Vehicle door drive device (6) according to claim 10, characterized in that the toggle lever drive (41) from a maximum knee angle (42b) in the closed position over a knee angle of zero to a minimum knee angle (42a) is pivotable, for which a toggle lever (40) of the toggle lever drive (41) against a stop (43). Vehicle door drive device (6) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that an emergency opening device (49) is present, which by the movement the holding and / or guide element (19) in the closed position by the Längsaktuator (46) is energized and in an emergency opening operating situation causes an opening movement of the holding and / or guide element (19), during which leave the self-locking closed position becomes.

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